Upper Silurian Aqd· L-Ower Gevonian Stratigraphy
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, I ' J' I 'i Upper Silurian aQd· l-ower ' I gevOnian Stratigraphy;. of ,. ' I ), Northeastern Pennsylvania, · \ I NeW ~.el-se~,· an~ · , . \ ~ \ • '\ Southeastt:~rllmOs 't \ New York .' ! I B U L L E T I N 1 2.4 3 ' I I 'v J' I ' • ' I I ' / / ,\ ~ \ L - ' l (_ ) . I , 1 RROPERT'Y OF PUBWI'C INC9UlRIES. 01-""'FIC£. u. SL GE:OLfJGt'CAL. SURVEY ANC~ORAGE~ ALASKA I ' i , I / / \ Upper Silurian and Lower Devonian Stratigraphy of N ortheasterJn Pennsyl,vania, New Jersey, :and Southeasterr1most N e'v York By ANITA G. EPSTEIN, JAC K B. EPSTEIN, WALTER J. SPINK, and DAVID S. JENNINGS GEOLOGICAL S U RVEY BULLETIN 1243 A description and partial revision of the physical stratigraphy and interpretations of depositional environntents PROPE~ l" Y OF PUBLIC INI:JU1R1&:5 OF'FICI. U. 5. GEDLDGJCAL. SU~Vi:V ANCHORAGE. -ALASKA UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1967 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY William T. Pecora, Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. GS 67-201 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printin~ Office Washin~ton, D.C. 20402 - Price 60 cents (paper cover) CONTENTS Page. AbstracL_________________________________________________________ 1 Introduction __________________ ... ____________________ -·----__________ 1 Pre-Helderberg rocks ___________ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 Bossardville Limestone______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 Decker Formation__________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 Clove Brook Member__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 Wallpack Center Member__________________________________ 10 Rondout Formation________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 Duttonville Member_ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 Whiteport Dolomite Member_______________________________ 13 Mashipacong Member______________________________________ 14 Helderberg Group___________ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 Manlius Limestone_ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 Thacher Member____ .. _____________________________________ 17 Silurian-Devonian boundary_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 Coeymans Formation ____ .. _____________________________________ 18 Depue Limestone Member__________________________________ 19 Peters Valley Member______________________________________ 21 Shawnee Island Member___________________________________ 21 Ravena Member (of Coeymans Limestone)___________________ 25 Stormville Member__ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 Kalkberg Limestone__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 New Scotiand Formation___________________________________ 30 Flatbrookville Member_____________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 Maskenozha Member_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 Minisink Limestone________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 Port Ewen Shale ______ .. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 7 Environments of deposition_ .. ___ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 Measured sections_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 References cited____________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 72 IIJLUSTRATIONS PLATE 1. Correlation chart of Upper Silurian and Lower Devonian formations in northeastern Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and southeasternmost New York_________________ In pocket III IV CONTENTS Page FIGURE 1. Map of outcrop belt of uppermost Silurian and lowermost Devonian rocks and location of measured sections______ 2 2. Chart of development of uppermost Silurian and lowermost Devonian nomenclature in New Jersey and southeastern- most New York____________________________________ 4 3. Chart of development of uppermost Silurian and lowermost Devonian nomenclature in northeastern Pennsylvania___ 5 4-11. Photographs: 4. Desiccation columns in the lower beds of the Bossard- ville Limestone_ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 5. Compressed desiccation columns in the Whiteport Dolomite Member of the Rondout Formation____ 15 6. Biohermal and nonbiohermal facies of the Shawnee Island Member of the Coeymans Formation______ 24 7. Contact between Ravena Member (Coeymans Lime- stone) and Thacher Member (Manlius Limestone) near Tristates, N.Y___________________________ 26 8. Stormville Member of the Coeymans Formation____ 28 9. Disconformable contact between the Stormville and Shawnee Island Members of the Coeymans Forma- tion_________________________________________ 29 10. Dense limestone concretion in laminated shale of the Maskenozha Member of the New Scotland Forma- tion_________________________________________ 32 11. Overturned syncline along U.S. Interstate Highway 80, southwest of Minisink Hills, Pa_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 12. Graph of bathymetric changes from late Cayuga to late Helderberg time in the Stroudsburg area, Pennsylvania_ 43 UPPER SILURIAN AND LOWER DEVONIAN STRATIGRAPHY OF NORTHEASTERN PENNSYLVANIA, NEW JERSEY, AND SOUTHEASTERNMOST NEW YORK BY ANITA G. EPSTEIN, J"Ac1K B. EPSTEIN, WALTER J. SPINK, and DAVID s. JENNINGS ABSTRACT Complex lateral and vertieal facies changes involving lagoonal, barrier-beach, biohermal, and shallow- to de,ep--water neritic lithofacies occur within Upper Silurian and Lower Devonian strata in southeasternmost New York, New Jersey, and northeastern Pennsylvania. The Decker to Oriskany interval increases in clastic content from the New Yor]i:-New Jersey border to southwest of Bossards ville, Pa. Recognition of these diverse facies has resulted in a modification and refinement of Upper Silurian and Lower Devonian nomenclature in New Jersey and northeastern Pennsylvania. The Decker Formation is divided into two members: the Wallpack Center Member (new name) and the Clove Brook Member (new name) . Three members are recognized within the Rondout Formation: the Duttonville Mt~mber (new name), Whiteport Dolomite Member, and Mashipa.cong Member (new name). The Manlius Limestone has been re stricted to northeasternmost New Jersey and New York and includes only the Thacher Member. The Coeymans Formation includes, from bottom to top, a slightly arenaceous limestone (Depue Limestone Member, new name) , an arenaceous limestone to calcareous pebbly sandstone (Peters Valley Member, new name) , an arenaceous and argillaceous limestone (Shawnee Island Member, new name), and a cal careous sandstone and oolcareous quartz-pebble conglomerate (Stormville Mem ber) in northeastern Pennsylvania and most of New Jersey. Biohermal and nonbiohermal. facies are recognized in the Shawnee Island Member. In south easternmost New York, the Coeymans is restricted to approximately 30-40 feet of slightly argillaceous medium- to coarse-grained limestone (Ravena Mem ber). The Kalkberg LimestonE~ grades into the Stormville and Shawnee Island Members of the Coeymans near Wallpack Center, N.J. The New Scotland Formation has been divided into two members, the Flatbrookville (new name) below and the Maskenozha (new name) above. Argillaceous limestone between the New Scotland and Port Ewen Formations has been designated the Minisink Limestone (new name) . INTRODUCTION Complex facies changes occur within Upper· Silurian and Lower Devonian strata between Cuddebackville, N.Y., and Bossardsville, Pa.. , a distance of approximately 5!) miles (fig. 1). Recent mapping by the 1 2 STRATIGRAPHY OF PENNSYLVANIA, NEW JERSEY, NEW YORK Cuddebackville0 PORT JERVIS I 1 NORTH fu 1r of;;,~~~ 7 <f::'v '~ N ....