2020 Audience and Impact Report
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Hybrid Online Audience Measurement Calculations Are Only As Good As the Input Data Quality
People First: A User-Centric Hybrid Online Audience by John Brauer, Manager, Product Leadership, Measurement Model Nielsen Overview As with any media measurement methodology, hybrid online audience measurement calculations are only as good as the input data quality. Hybrid online audience measurement goes beyond a single metric to forecast online audiences more accurately by drawing on multiple data sources. The open question for online publishers and advertisers is, ‘Which hybrid audience measurement model provides the most accurate measure?’ • User-centric online hybrid models rely exclusively on high quality panel data for audience measurement calculations, then project activity to all sites informed by consumer behavior patterns on tagged sites • Site-centric online hybrid models depend on cookies for audience calculations, subject to the inherent weaknesses of cookie data that cannot tie directly to unique individuals and their valuable demographic information • Both hybrid models assume that panel members are representative of the universe being measured and comprise a base large enough to provide statistical reliability, measured in a way that accurately captures behavior • The site-centric hybrid model suffers from the issue of inaccurately capturing unique users as a result of cookie deletion and related activities that can result in audience measurement estimates different than the actual number • Rapid uptake of new online access devices further exacerbates site-centric cookie data tracking issues (in some cases overstating unique browsers by a factor of five) by increasing the likelihood of one individual representing multiple cookies Only the user-centric hybrid model enables a fair comparison of audiences across all web sites, avoids the pitfall of counting multiple cookies versus unique users, and employs a framework that anticipates future changes such as additional data sets and access devices. -
GALE Phase 2 Arabic Broadcast News Speech Part 1 1. Introduction
GALE Phase 2 Arabic Broadcast News Speech Part 1 1. Introduction GALE Phase 2 Arabic Broadcast News Speech Part 1 contains approximately 165 hours of Arabic broadcast news speech collected in 2006 and 2007 by the Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC), MediaNet, Tunis, Tunisia and MTC, Rabat, Morocco during Phase 2 of the DARPA GALE program. Broadcast audio for the DARPA GALE (Global Autonomous Language Exploitation) program was collected at LDC’s Philadelphia, PA USA facilities and at three remote collection sites: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology ( HKUST), Hong Kong (Chinese); Medianet (Arabic); and MTC (Arabic). The combined local and outsourced broadcast collection supported GALE at a rate of approximately 300 hours per week of programming from more than 50 broadcast sources for a total of over 30,000 hours of collected broadcast audio over the life of the program. The broadcast conversation recordings in this release feature news broadcasts focusing principally on current events from the following sources: Abu Dhabi TV, a televisions station based in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Al Alam News Channel, based in Iran; Alhurra, a U.S. government-funded regional broadcaster; Aljazeera , a regional broadcaster located in Doha, Qatar; Dubai TV, a broadcast station in the United Arab Emirates; Al Iraqiyah, an Iraqi television station; Kuwait TV, a national broadcast station in Kuwait; Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation, a Lebanese television station; Nile TV, a broadcast programmer based in Egypt, Saudi TV, a national television station based in Saudi Arabia; and Syria TV, the national television station in Syria. 2. Broadcast Audio Data Collection Procedure LDC’s local broadcast collection system is highly automated, easily extensible and robust and capable of collecting, processing and evaluating hundreds of hours of content from several dozen sources per day. -
EFAMRO / ESOMAR Position Statement on the Proposal for an Eprivacy Regulation —
EFAMRO / ESOMAR Position Statement on the Proposal for an ePrivacy Regulation — April 2017 EFAMRO/ESOMAR Position Statement on the Proposal for an ePrivacy Regulation April 2017 00. Table of contents P3 1. About EFAMRO and ESOMAR 2. Key recommendations P3 P4 3. Overview P5 4. Audience measurement research P7 5. Telephone and online research P10 6. GDPR framework for research purposes 7. List of proposed amendments P11 a. Recitals P11 b. Articles P13 2 EFAMRO/ESOMAR Position Statement on the Proposal for an ePrivacy Regulation April 2017 01. About EFAMRO and ESOMAR This position statement is submitted In particular our sector produces research on behalf of EFAMRO, the European outcomes that guide decisions of public authorities (e.g. the Eurobarometer), the non- Research Federation, and ESOMAR, profit sector including charities (e.g. political the World Association for Data, opinion polling), and business (e.g. satisfaction Research and Insights. In Europe, we surveys, product improvement research). represent the market, opinion and In a society increasingly driven by data, our profession ensures the application of appropriate social research and data analytics methodologies, rigour and provenance controls sectors, accounting for an annual thus safeguarding access to quality, relevant, turnover of €15.51 billion1. reliable, and aggregated data sets. These data sets lead to better decision making, inform targeted and cost-effective public policy, and 1 support economic development - leading to ESOMAR Global Market Research 2016 growth and jobs. 02. Key Recommendations We support the proposal for an ePrivacy Amendment of Article 8 and Recital 21 to enable Regulation to replace the ePrivacy Directive as research organisations that comply with Article this will help to create a level playing field in a true 89 of the General Data Protection Regulation European Digital Single Market whilst increasing (GDPR) to continue conducting independent the legal certainty for organisations operating in audience measurement research activities for different EU member states. -
Song, State, Sawa Music and Political Radio Between the US and Syria
Song, State, Sawa Music and Political Radio between the US and Syria Beau Bothwell Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2013 © 2013 Beau Bothwell All rights reserved ABSTRACT Song, State, Sawa: Music and Political Radio between the US and Syria Beau Bothwell This dissertation is a study of popular music and state-controlled radio broadcasting in the Arabic-speaking world, focusing on Syria and the Syrian radioscape, and a set of American stations named Radio Sawa. I examine American and Syrian politically directed broadcasts as multi-faceted objects around which broadcasters and listeners often differ not only in goals, operating assumptions, and political beliefs, but also in how they fundamentally conceptualize the practice of listening to the radio. Beginning with the history of international broadcasting in the Middle East, I analyze the institutional theories under which music is employed as a tool of American and Syrian policy, the imagined youths to whom the musical messages are addressed, and the actual sonic content tasked with political persuasion. At the reception side of the broadcaster-listener interaction, this dissertation addresses the auditory practices, histories of radio, and theories of music through which listeners in the sonic environment of Damascus, Syria create locally relevant meaning out of music and radio. Drawing on theories of listening and communication developed in historical musicology and ethnomusicology, science and technology studies, and recent transnational ethnographic and media studies, as well as on theories of listening developed in the Arabic public discourse about popular music, my dissertation outlines the intersection of the hypothetical listeners defined by the US and Syrian governments in their efforts to use music for political ends, and the actual people who turn on the radio to hear the music. -
America's Voice As It Could Have Been
America’s Voice as it could have been By Myrna Whitworth May, 2007. Since the first broadcasts of Radio Sawa in 2002 and Alhurra Television in 2004, much has been written to either justify or question their existence and their role in the mission of US international broadcasting. If one believes the literature of the Broadcasting Board of Governors, which oversees all US international broadcasting, the Middle East networks, with their bland programming and popular Arabic and Western music, have been an unqualified success and the major US public diplomacy accomplishment since 9/11. But Middle East pollsters and regional experts both in the United States and the Middle East question this assessment. In fact, surveys from the region suggest that regard for the United States is at an all time low; even Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Ladin are held in higher regard than President George Bush. A survey conducted by Mohammed el-Nawawy and published in the August 2006 edition of Global Media and Communication found that Arab students’ perceptions of United States foreign policy declined after listening to broadcasts from Radio Sawa and Alhurra Television. And it is not only foreign policy, other recent polls, including the 2006 Zogby International survey on Arabic attitudes toward the United States, suggest that there is even concern American popular culture is threatening to overwhelm traditional values and ways of life. Feature Article 1 Arab Media & Society (May, 2007) Myrna Whitworth Obviously something is not going right. Granted, we cannot lay all the blame on Radio Sawa and Alhurra Television. The main culprits are the Bush Administration’s ill conceived war in Iraq and its official outreach which many have called “arrogant, aggressive and bullying.” However, the inability of Sawa and Alhurra to speak with critical populations in the Middle East and their emphasis on the most trivial of American pop culture have marginalized the United States and prevented a reasoned and substantive conversation between the United States and the Arab world. -
US-China Relations
U.S.-China Relations: An Overview of Policy Issues Susan V. Lawrence Specialist in Asian Affairs August 1, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41108 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress U.S.-China Relations: An Overview of Policy Issues Summary The United States relationship with China touches on an exceptionally broad range of issues, from security, trade, and broader economic issues, to the environment and human rights. Congress faces important questions about what sort of relationship the United States should have with China and how the United States should respond to China’s “rise.” After more than 30 years of fast-paced economic growth, China’s economy is now the second-largest in the world after that of the United States. With economic success, China has developed significant global strategic clout. It is also engaged in an ambitious military modernization drive, including development of extended-range power projection capabilities. At home, it continues to suppress all perceived challenges to the Communist Party’s monopoly on power. In previous eras, the rise of new powers has often produced conflict. China’s new leader Xi Jinping has pressed hard for a U.S. commitment to a “new model of major country relationship” with the United States that seeks to avoid such an outcome. The Obama Administration has repeatedly assured Beijing that the United States “welcomes a strong, prosperous and successful China that plays a greater role in world affairs,” and that the United States does not seek to prevent China’s re-emergence as a great power. -
VOA Languages
VOA Languages Today, VOA broadcasts in more than 40 languages around the world. Languages that pre-date February 1942 began under the Coordinator for Inter-American Affairs and the Foreign Information Service. *Indicates a language currently on VOA’s broadcast schedule. Afan Oromo* 1996 to present English to Africa * 1963 to present Afrikaans 1942 to 1949 English* 1942 to present Albanian* 1943 to 1945; 1951 to present Estonian 1951 to 2004 Amharic* 1982 to present Finnish 1942 to 1945; 1951 to 1953 Amoy 1941 to 1945; 1951 to 1963 Flemish 1942 to 1945 Arabic 1942 to 1945; 1950 to 2002 French (to Africa)* 1960 to present Armenian* 1951 to present French (to France) 1942 to 1961 Azerbaijani* 1951 to 1953; 1982 to present Georgian* 1951 to present Bambara* 2013 to present German 1942 to 1960; 1991 to 1993 Bangla* 1958 to present Greek 1942 to 2014 Bosnian* 1996 to present Gujarati 1956 to 1958 Bulgarian 1942 to 2004 Hakka 1951 to 1954 Burmese* 1943 to 1945; 1951 to present Hausa* 1979 to present Byelorussian 1956 to 1957 Hebrew 1951 to 1953 1941 to 1945; 1949 to 1963; Hindi 1951 to 1953; 1954 to 2008 Cantonese* 1987 to present Hungarian 1942 to 2004 Creole* 1987 to present Icelandic 1944 to 1944 Croatian 1943 to 2011 Indonesian* 1942 to present Czech 1942 to 2004 Italian 1942 to 1945; 1951 to 1957 Danish 1942 to 1945 Japanese 1942 to 1945; 1951 to 1962 Dari* 1980 to present Khmer* 1955 to 1957; 1962 to present Dutch 1944 to 1945 Kinyarwanda* 1996 to present VOAnews.com | InsideVOA.com Kirundi* 1996 to present Serbian* 1943 to present Korean* -
Public Diplomacy in the Middle East and South Asia: Is the Message Getting Through?
PUBLIC DIPLOMACY IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND SOUTH ASIA: IS THE MESSAGE GETTING THROUGH? HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE MIDDLE EAST AND SOUTH ASIA OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION MAY 16, 2007 Serial No. 110–69 Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Affairs ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.foreignaffairs.house.gov/ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 35–428PDF WASHINGTON : 2007 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS TOM LANTOS, California, Chairman HOWARD L. BERMAN, California ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida GARY L. ACKERMAN, New York CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA, American DAN BURTON, Indiana Samoa ELTON GALLEGLY, California DONALD M. PAYNE, New Jersey DANA ROHRABACHER, California BRAD SHERMAN, California DONALD A. MANZULLO, Illinois ROBERT WEXLER, Florida EDWARD R. ROYCE, California ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York STEVE CHABOT, Ohio BILL DELAHUNT, Massachusetts THOMAS G. TANCREDO, Colorado GREGORY W. MEEKS, New York RON PAUL, Texas DIANE E. WATSON, California JEFF FLAKE, Arizona ADAM SMITH, Washington JO ANN DAVIS, Virginia RUSS CARNAHAN, Missouri MIKE PENCE, Indiana JOHN S. TANNER, Tennessee JOE WILSON, South Carolina GENE GREEN, Texas JOHN BOOZMAN, Arkansas LYNN C. WOOLSEY, California J. GRESHAM BARRETT, South Carolina SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas CONNIE MACK, Florida RUBE´ N HINOJOSA, Texas JEFF FORTENBERRY, Nebraska JOSEPH CROWLEY, New York MICHAEL T. -
U.S. International Broadcasting Informing, Engaging and Empowering
2010 Annual Report U.S. International Broadcasting Informing, Engaging and Empowering bbg.gov BBG languages Table of Contents GLOBAL EASTERN/ English CENTRAL Letter From the Broadcasting Board of Governors 5 (including EUROPE Learning Albanian English) Bosnian Croatian AFRICA Greek Afan Oromo Macedonian Amharic Montenegrin French Romanian Hausa to Moldova Kinyarwanda Serbian Kirundi Overview 6 Voice of America 14 Ndebele EURASIA Portuguese Armenian Shona Avar Somali Azerbaijani Swahili Bashkir Tigrigna Belarusian Chechen CENTRAL ASIA Circassian Kazakh Crimean Tatar Kyrgyz Georgian Tajik Russian Turkmen Tatar Radio Free Europe Radio and TV Martí 24 Uzbek Ukrainian 20 EAST ASIA LATIN AMERICA Burmese Creole Cantonese Spanish Indonesian Khmer NEAR EAST/ Korean NORTH AFRICA Lao Arabic Mandarin Kurdish Thai Turkish Tibetan Middle East Radio Free Asia Uyghur 28 Broadcasting Networks 32 Vietnamese SOUTH ASIA Bangla Dari Pashto Persian Urdu International Broadcasting Board On cover: An Indonesian woman checks Broadcasting Bureau 36 Of Governors 40 her laptop after an afternoon prayer (AP Photo/Irwin Fedriansyah). Financial Highlights 43 2 Letter From the Broadcasting Board of Governors 5 Voice of America 14 “This radio will help me pay closer attention to what’s going on in Kabul,” said one elder at a refugee camp. “All of us will now be able to raise our voices more and participate in national decisions like elections.” RFE’s Radio Azadi distributed 20,000 solar-powered, hand-cranked radios throughout Afghanistan. 3 In 2010, Alhurra and Radio Sawa provided Egyptians with comprehensive coverage of the Egyptian election and the resulting protests. “Alhurra was the best in exposing the (falsification of the) Egyptian parliamentary election.” –Egyptian newspaper Alwafd (AP Photo/Ahmed Ali) 4 Letter from the Board TO THE PRESIDENT AND THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES On behalf of the Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG) and pursuant to Section 305(a) of Public Law 103-236, the U.S. -
GAO-03-772 US International Broadcasting
United States General Accounting Office Report to the Committee on International GAO Relations, House of Representatives July 2003 U.S. INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING New Strategic Approach Focuses on Reaching Large Audiences but Lacks Measurable Program Objectives a GAO-03-772 July 2003 U.S. INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING New Strategic Approach Focuses on Highlights of GAO-03-772, a report to the Reaching Large Audiences but Lacks Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives Measurable Program Objectives Prompted by a desire to reverse Consistent with its new plan to dramatically increase the size of U.S. declining audience trends and to international broadcasting listening and viewing audiences in markets of support the war on terrorism, the U.S. strategic interest, the Broadcasting Board of Governors has launched Broadcasting Board of Governors several new projects, including Radio Sawa in the Middle East, Radio Farda (BBG), the agency responsible for in Iran, and the Afghanistan Radio Network. These projects adhere to the U.S. international broadcasting, Board’s core strategy of identifying a target audience and tailoring each began developing its new strategic approach to international broadcast product to market circumstances and audience needs. broadcasting in July 2001. This approach emphasizes the need to The Board’s plan lacks measurable program objectives designed to gauge the reach mass audiences by applying success of its new approach to broadcasting, detailed implementation modern broadcast techniques and strategies, resource needs, and project time frames. A number of key strategically allocating resources to effectiveness measures could provide a starting point for developing focus on high-priority markets. measurable program objectives and related performance goals and GAO was asked to examine (1) indicators under the Board’s annual performance plan. -
Data-Driven Content Strategy Rules for Media Companies Experts on This Topic
Expert Insights Data-driven content strategy rules for media companies Experts on this topic Janet Snowdon Janet Snowdon is director of IBM M&E with more than 25 years’ experience. Throughout her career, Director, IBM Media and En- she has received numerous accolades, including a tertainment (M&E) Industry Technology and Engineering Emmy Award. She is Solutions also a member of IBM’s Industry Academy. https://www.linkedin.com/in/ janet-snowdon-b160769/ [email protected] Peter Guglielmino IBM Distinguished Engineer and member of IBM’s Industry Academy, Peter Guglielmino leads CTO, Global M&E Industry worldwide responsibility for M&E. In this role, he Solutions develops the architectures that serve as the basis https://www.linkedin.com/in/pe- for media offerings relating to media enabled ter-guglielmino-45118220/ micro-services infrastructures, digital media [email protected] archives, secure content distribution networks, and blockchain technology. Steve Canepa Steve Canepa shapes strategy for video services, cloud and cognitive solutions, and network General Manager, IBM Global virtualization. A member of IBM’s Global Communications Sector and Leadership Team and IBM’s Industry Academy, he Global Industry Managing Direc- is the recipient of three Emmy Awards for tor, Telecommunications, M&E innovation and recognized for his insights in digital Industry Solutions transformation. https://www.linkedin.com/in/ steve-canepa-a70840a/ [email protected] The industry is in the midst of a fundamental shift from the many to the individual. Consumers will dictate how, when, and where they consume media. The queen behind Talking points the content throne Media and telecommunication companies Entertainment companies seldom had a huge need for have an opportunity to capture a slice of data. -
Rating the Audience: the Business of Media
Balnaves, Mark, Tom O'Regan, and Ben Goldsmith. "Bibliography." Rating the Audience: The Business of Media. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2011. 256–267. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 2 Oct. 2021. <>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 2 October 2021, 14:23 UTC. Copyright © Mark Balnaves, Tom O'Regan and Ben Goldsmith 2011. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. Bibliography Adams, W.J. (1994), ‘Changes in ratings patterns for prime time before, during, and after the introduction of the people meter’, Journal of Media Economics , 7: 15–28. Advertising Research Foundation (2009), ‘On the road to a new effectiveness model: Measuring emotional responses to television advertising’, Advertising Research Foundation, http://www.thearf.org [accessed 5 July 2011]. Andrejevic, M. (2002), ‘The work of being watched: Interactive media and the exploitation of self-disclosure’, Critical Studies in Media Communication , 19(2): 230–48. Andrejevic, M. (2003), ‘Tracing space: Monitored mobility in the era of mass customization’, Space and Culture , 6(2): 132–50. Andrejevic, M. (2005), ‘The work of watching one another: Lateral surveillance, risk, and governance’, Surveillance and Society , 2(4): 479–97. Andrejevic, M. (2006), ‘The discipline of watching: Detection, risk, and lateral surveillance’, Critical Studies in Media Communication , 23(5): 392–407. Andrejevic, M. (2007), iSpy: Surveillance and Power in the Interactive Era , Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. Andrews, K. and Napoli, P.M. (2006), ‘Changing market information regimes: a case study of the transition to the BookScan audience measurement system in the US book publishing industry’, Journal of Media Economics , 19(1): 33–54.