Hanna Lindvall a Multi-Proxy Study of a Holocene Peat Sequence On
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Taxonomic Monographs in Relation to Global Red Lists
51 February 2002: 155–158 Kirschner & Kaplan Red Lists and taxonomy BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION Taxonomic monographs in relation to global Red Lists Jan Kirschner & denek Kaplan Department of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, CS-252 43 Pruhonice u Prahy, Czech Republic. kirsvh- [email protected] (author for correspondence); [email protected]. Upon comparison with recent monographs of Juncaceae and Potamogetonaceae, the 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants is shown to be an inadequate information source for conservation decisions. A substantial proportion of names listed in the IUCN RL represent synonyms, often belonging to widespread taxa, or remain doubtful taxonomically. If a new Red List is derived from the two new monographic accounts, and compared with the 1997 IUCN RL, the correct data from the latter represent 10–25% of the former. It may concluded that the overall accuracy of the IUCN list is rather low. The importance of global taxonomic monographs as a source of basic data for the accurate compilation of Red Lists is stressed. KEYWORDS: conservation, IUCN, Juncaceae, Potamogeonaceae, Red Lists, taxonomy. come from all over the world and cover the main diver- INTRODUCTION sity centres and complicated groups of the family. They Red lists (RLs) of threatened plants represent an are: Aaron Wilton (New Zealand), Adolf Ceska important information source for policy-makers and gov- (Canada), Barbara Ertter (California), Carmen Fernandez ernmental nature conservation authorities. Local and Carvajal (Spain), Futoshi Miyamoto (Japan), Henrik regional RLs use the IUCN criteria of classification of Balslev (Denmark), Henry Noltie (Scotland), Janice plants into categories of threat, and they are therefore Coffey-Swab (N. -
Literaturverzeichnis
Literaturverzeichnis Abaimov, A.P., 2010: Geographical Distribution and Ackerly, D.D., 2009: Evolution, origin and age of Genetics of Siberian Larch Species. In Osawa, A., line ages in the Californian and Mediterranean flo- Zyryanova, O.A., Matsuura, Y., Kajimoto, T. & ras. Journal of Biogeography 36, 1221–1233. Wein, R.W. (eds.), Permafrost Ecosystems. Sibe- Acocks, J.P.H., 1988: Veld Types of South Africa. 3rd rian Larch Forests. Ecological Studies 209, 41–58. Edition. Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria, Abbadie, L., Gignoux, J., Le Roux, X. & Lepage, M. 146 pp. (eds.), 2006: Lamto. Structure, Functioning, and Adam, P., 1990: Saltmarsh Ecology. Cambridge Uni- Dynamics of a Savanna Ecosystem. Ecological Stu- versity Press. Cambridge, 461 pp. dies 179, 415 pp. Adam, P., 1994: Australian Rainforests. Oxford Bio- Abbott, R.J. & Brochmann, C., 2003: History and geography Series No. 6 (Oxford University Press), evolution of the arctic flora: in the footsteps of Eric 308 pp. Hultén. Molecular Ecology 12, 299–313. Adam, P., 1994: Saltmarsh and mangrove. In Groves, Abbott, R.J. & Comes, H.P., 2004: Evolution in the R.H. (ed.), Australian Vegetation. 2nd Edition. Arctic: a phylogeographic analysis of the circu- Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, pp. marctic plant Saxifraga oppositifolia (Purple Saxi- 395–435. frage). New Phytologist 161, 211–224. Adame, M.F., Neil, D., Wright, S.F. & Lovelock, C.E., Abbott, R.J., Chapman, H.M., Crawford, R.M.M. & 2010: Sedimentation within and among mangrove Forbes, D.G., 1995: Molecular diversity and deri- forests along a gradient of geomorphological set- vations of populations of Silene acaulis and Saxi- tings. -
THE VEGETATION of SUBANTARCTIC CAMPBELL ISLAND ______Summary: the Vegetation of Campbell Island and Its Offshore Islets Was Sampled Quantitatively at 140 Sites
COLIN D. MEURK, M.N. FOGGO1 and J. BASTOW WILSON2 123 Landcare Research - Manaaki Whenua, PO Box 69, Lincoln, New Zealand. 1. Department of Science, Central Institute of Technology, Private Bag 39807, Wellington, New Zealand. 2. Botany Department, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. THE VEGETATION OF SUBANTARCTIC CAMPBELL ISLAND __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary: The vegetation of Campbell Island and its offshore islets was sampled quantitatively at 140 sites. Data from the 134 sites with more than one vascular plant species were subjected to multivariate analysis. Out of a total of 140 indigenous and widespread adventive species known from the island group, 124 vascular species were recorded; 85 non-vascular cryptogams or species aggregates play a major role in the vegetation. Up to 19 factors of the physical environment were recorded or derived for each site. Agglomerative cluster analysis of the vegetation data was used to identify 21 plant communities. These (together with cryptogam associations) include: maritime crusts, turfs, megaherbfields, tussock grasslands, and shrublands; mid-elevation swamps, flushes, bogs, tussock grasslands, shrublands, dwarf forests, and induced meadows; and upland tundra-like tussock grasslands, tall and short turf-herbfields, bogs, flushes, rock-ledge herbfields, and fellfields. Axis 1 of the DCA ordination is largely a soil gradient related to the eutrophying impact of marine spray, sea mammals and birds, and nutrient flushing. Axis 2 is an altitudinal (or thermal) gradient. Axis 3 is related to soil reaction and to different kinds of animal influence on vegetation stature and species richness, and Axis 4 also appears to have fertility and animal associations. -
Nuclear Genes, Matk and the Phylogeny of the Poales
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2018 Nuclear genes, matK and the phylogeny of the Poales Hochbach, Anne ; Linder, H Peter ; Röser, Martin Abstract: Phylogenetic relationships within the monocot order Poales have been well studied, but sev- eral unrelated questions remain. These include the relationships among the basal families in the order, family delimitations within the restiid clade, and the search for nuclear single-copy gene loci to test the relationships based on chloroplast loci. To this end two nuclear loci (PhyB, Topo6) were explored both at the ordinal level, and within the Bromeliaceae and the restiid clade. First, a plastid reference tree was inferred based on matK, using 140 taxa covering all APG IV families of Poales, and analyzed using parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. The trees inferred from matK closely approach the published phylogeny based on whole-plastome sequencing. Of the two nuclear loci, Topo6 supported a congruent, but much less resolved phylogeny. By contrast, PhyB indicated different phylo- genetic relationships, with, inter alia, Mayacaceae and Typhaceae sister to Poaceae, and Flagellariaceae in a basally branching position within the Poales. Within the restiid clade the differences between the three markers appear less serious. The Anarthria clade is first diverging in all analyses, followed by Restionoideae, Sporadanthoideae, Centrolepidoideae and Leptocarpoideae in the matK and Topo6 data, but in the PhyB data Centrolepidoideae diverges next, followed by a paraphyletic Restionoideae with a clade consisting of the monophyletic Sporadanthoideae and Leptocarpoideae nested within them. The Bromeliaceae phylogeny obtained from Topo6 is insufficiently sampled to make reliable statements, but indicates a good starting point for further investigations. -
Co-Extinction of Mutualistic Species – an Analysis of Ornithophilous Angiosperms in New Zealand
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES CO-EXTINCTION OF MUTUALISTIC SPECIES An analysis of ornithophilous angiosperms in New Zealand Sandra Palmqvist Degree project for Master of Science (120 hec) with a major in Environmental Science ES2500 Examination Course in Environmental Science, 30 hec Second cycle Semester/year: Spring 2021 Supervisor: Søren Faurby - Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences Examiner: Johan Uddling - Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences “Tui. Adult feeding on flax nectar, showing pollen rubbing onto forehead. Dunedin, December 2008. Image © Craig McKenzie by Craig McKenzie.” http://nzbirdsonline.org.nz/sites/all/files/1200543Tui2.jpg Table of Contents Abstract: Co-extinction of mutualistic species – An analysis of ornithophilous angiosperms in New Zealand ..................................................................................................... 1 Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Samutrotning av mutualistiska arter – En analys av fågelpollinerade angiospermer i New Zealand ................................................................... 3 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 5 2. Material and methods ............................................................................................................... 7 2.1 List of plant species, flower colours and conservation status ....................................... 7 2.1.1 Flower Colours ............................................................................................................. -
Entomology of the Aucklands and Other Islands South of New Zealand: Introduction1
Pacific Insects Monograph 27: 1-45 10 November 1971 ENTOMOLOGY OF THE AUCKLANDS AND OTHER ISLANDS SOUTH OF NEW ZEALAND: INTRODUCTION1 By J. L. Gressitt2 and K. A. J. Wise3 Abstract: The Aucklands, Bounty, Snares and Antipodes are Southern Cold Temperate (or Low Subantarctic) islands south of New Zealand and north of Campbell I and Macquarie I. The Auckland group is the largest of all these islands south of New Zealand, and has by far the largest fauna. The Snares, Bounty and Antipodes, though farther north, are quite small islands with limited fauna. These islands have vegetation dominated by tussock grass, bogs with sedges and cryptogams, and shrubs at lower altitudes and in some cases forests of Metrosideros or Olearia near the shores, usually in more protected environments. Bounty Is have almost no vegetation. These islands are breeding places for many sea birds and for hair seals and fur seals. The insect fauna of the Aucklands numbers several hundred species representing most major orders of insects and other land arthropods. This is the introductory article to the first volume treating the land arthropod fauna of the Auckland, Snares, Bounty and Antipodes Islands. The Auckland Islands (SOHO' S; 166° E) form the largest island group south of New Zealand and Australia. Among other southern cold temperate and subantarctic islands they are only exceeded in area by the Falkland Is, South Georgia, Kerguelen and Tierra del Fuego. In altitude they are lower than South Georgia, Tierra del Fuego, Tristan da Cunha, Gough, Marion, Kerguelen, Crozets and Heard, and very slightly lower than the Falklands. -
IUCN Publications New Series No. 13 CONSERVATION of RENEWABLE
IUCN Publications New Series No. 13 PROCEEDINGS OF THE LATIN AMERICAN CONFERENCE ON THE CONSERVATION OF RENEWABLE NATURAL RESOURCES Organised by IUCN and Sponsored by UNESCO and FAO CONSERVATION IN LATIN AMERICA San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina Published with the assistance of UNESCO International Union Union Internationale for Conservation of pour la Conservation Nature and Natural de la Nature et de Resources ses Ressources Morges, Switzerland, 1968 The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) was founded in 1948 and has its headquarters in Morges, Switzerland; it is an independent international body whose membership comprises states, irrespective of their political and social systems, government departments and private institutions as well as international organizations. It represents those who are concerned at man's modification of the natural environment through the rapidity of urban and industrial development and the excessive exploitation of the earth's natural resources, upon which rest the foundations of his survival. IUCN's main purpose is to promote or support action which will ensure the perpetuation of wild nature and natural resources on a world-wide basis, not only for their intrinsic cultural or scientific values but also for the long-term economic and social welfare of mankind. This objective can be achieved through active conservation pro- grammes for the wise use of natural resources in areas where the flora and fauna are of particular importance and where the land- scape is especially beautiful or striking, or of historical, cultural or scientific significance. IUCN believes that its aims can be achieved most effectively by international effort in coope- ration with other international agencies such as UNESCO and FAO. -
Falkland Islands Species List
Falkland Islands Species List Day Common Name Scientific Name x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 1 BIRDS* 2 DUCKS, GEESE, & WATERFOWL Anseriformes - Anatidae 3 Black-necked Swan Cygnus melancoryphus 4 Coscoroba Swan Coscoroba coscoroba 5 Upland Goose Chloephaga picta 6 Kelp Goose Chloephaga hybrida 7 Ruddy-headed Goose Chloephaga rubidiceps 8 Flying Steamer-Duck Tachyeres patachonicus 9 Falkland Steamer-Duck Tachyeres brachypterus 10 Crested Duck Lophonetta specularioides 11 Chiloe Wigeon Anas sibilatrix 12 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 13 Cinnamon Teal Anas cyanoptera 14 Yellow-billed Pintail Anas georgica 15 Silver Teal Anas versicolor 16 Yellow-billed Teal Anas flavirostris 17 GREBES Podicipediformes - Podicipedidae 18 White-tufted Grebe Rollandia rolland 19 Silvery Grebe Podiceps occipitalis 20 PENGUINS Sphenisciformes - Spheniscidae 21 King Penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus 22 Gentoo Penguin Pygoscelis papua Cheesemans' Ecology Safaris Species List Updated: April 2017 Page 1 of 11 Day Common Name Scientific Name x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 23 Magellanic Penguin Spheniscus magellanicus 24 Macaroni Penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus 25 Southern Rockhopper Penguin Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome 26 ALBATROSSES Procellariiformes - Diomedeidae 27 Gray-headed Albatross Thalassarche chrysostoma 28 Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris 29 Royal Albatross (Southern) Diomedea epomophora epomophora 30 Royal Albatross (Northern) Diomedea epomophora sanfordi 31 Wandering Albatross (Snowy) Diomedea exulans exulans 32 Wandering -
Above the Treeline a Nature Guide to Alpine New Zealand
ABOVE THE TREELINE A NATURE GUIDE TO ALPINE NEW ZEALAND ALAN F. MARK Contributions by: David Galloway, Rod Morris, David Orlovich, Brian Patrick, John Steel and Mandy Tocher CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Alphabetical list of plant genera 8 CRASSULACEAE 76 Alan Mark is most grateful for the generous financial for their comments and discussion on the text, and for Maps of North & South islands 10–11 Crassula 76 contribution from The Quatre Vents Foundation and also their help in compiling her contribution. List of photographers 12 DROSERACEAE 78 an anonymous contribution towards covering the cost of Brian Patrick (Invertebrates) acknowledges Barbara Preface 13 Drosera, sundews 78 the many fine images, which he also acknowledges, with Barratt for general advice and editing. She, along with CARYOPHYLLACEAE 80 too many to name. He is also grateful for the support of John Douglas, Kees Green, Steve Kerr and George Gibbs Colobanthus 80 his wife, Pat, and family and wishes to thank the many supplied images for this section. INTRODUCTION Scleranthus 83 botanical colleagues for their fruitful discussions and Jane Connor (Publisher): I am grateful for the many Origin & structure of New Zealand’s helpful advice, particularly Ilse Breitwieser, John Barkla, contributions made by botanists and other natural Stellaria 84 Peter de Lange, Phil Garnock-Jones, David Glenny, history professionals and enthusiasts, and by the more mountains 15 MONTIACEAE 86 Peter Heenan, Carlos Lehnebach, Peter Lockhart, Janice than 65 photographers whose images are included; their -
Parque Nacional Tierra Del Fuego Flora
Parque Nacional Tierra del Fuego Flora • Common English Name (Nombre Español o Local)Order Family Genus species) Monocotyledons (Monocotyledones) • Arrowgrass, Marsh (??) (Najadales Juncaginaceae Triglochin palustris) • Arrowgrass, Seaside (??) (Najadales Juncaginaceae Triglochin maritima) • Bentgrass, Common (Pasto Quila) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae Agrostis capillaris) • Bentgrass, Upland (??) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae Agrostis perennans) • Bluegrass (??) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae Poa alopecurus) • Bluegrass (??) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae Poa breviculmis) • Bluegrass (??) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae Poa rigidifolia) • Bluegrass (??) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae Poa scaberula) • Bluegrass (Möra-Shúka) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae Poa yaganica) • Bluegrass, Annual (Pastito de Invierno) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae Poa annua) • Bluegrass, Canada (??) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae Poa compressa) • Bluegrass, Kentucky (Pasto de Mallin) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae Poa pratensis) • Bluegrass, Northern (??) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae Poa stenantha) • Bulrush, California (Junco) (Cyperales Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus californicus) • Bulrush, Nevada (Scirpus) (Cyperales Cyperaceae Amphiscirpus nevadensis) • Foxtail, Meadow (Alopecuro de los Prados-cola de Zorro) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae Alopecurus pratensis) • Grass, Black (??) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae Alopecurus magellanicus) • Grass, Fiber Optic (??) (Cyperales Cyperaceae Isolepis cernua) • Grass, Small Tussock (??) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae Festuca magellanica) • Grass, Sweet Holy (Ratonera) (Poales Gramineae/Poaceae -
Gough and Inaccessible Island World Heritage Site Management Plan
Gough and Inaccessible Island World Heritage Site management plan The RSPB and the Tristan Conservation Department Gough and Inaccessible Islands World Heritage Site Management Plan April 2010 – March 2015 (picture credit R. J. Cuthbert) RSPB and Tristan da Cunha Government 2010 Funded by OTEP Gough and Inaccessible Islands World Heritage Site Management Plan April 2010 – March 2015 Foreword All of the four main islands of the Tristan Group are unique, but Gough and Inaccessible have been globally recognised for their immense natural value, resulting in their World Heritage Site designation. These tiny islands hold many unique species of plants, birds, and invertebrates, as well as being rich in history and being surrounded by the waters that produce the Tristan lobster on which the local economy depends. The Tristan Council and Conservation Department welcome this new management plan for Gough and Inaccessible. There are many challenges ahead for these islands, including the proposal to rid Gough of its invasive mice. If successfully implemented, developing the next phase of this plan in 2015 should herald a brighter future for the biodiversity of these islands. It is already clear that no single organization will be able to carry out all of the work needed, and the people of Tristan da Cunha look forward to working in partnership with many individuals and organisations to implement this plan by 2015. Our thanks go to the many people who have taken the time to attend the planning workshops or comment on previous drafts of this document. Ian Lavarello Trevor Glass Head Islander Head of Conservation Department October 2010 October 2010 1 Gough and Inaccessible Islands World Heritage Site Management Plan April 2010 – March 2015 Acknowledgments The Overseas Territories Environment Programme, supported by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and the Department for International Development (UK), funded production of this management plan. -
BEST Ecosystem Profile of the South Atlantic Region
EUROPEAN OVERSEAS REGIONAL ECOSYSTEM PROFILE South Atlantic Ascension Island Saint Helena Tristan da Cunha Falkland Islands (Malvinas) This document has been developed as part of the project ‘Measures towards Sustaining the BEST Preparatory Action to promote the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystem services in EU Outermost EU Outermost Regions and Overseas Countries and Territories’. The document does not represent an official, formal position of the European Commission. JUNE2016 2016 Service contract 07.0307.2013/666363/SER/B2 Prepared by: South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute (SAERI) And with the technical support of: IUCN CEPF Drafted by the BEST team of the South Atlantic hub: Maria Taylor Under the coordination of: Dr Paul Brickle and Tara Pelembe Assisted by individual experts and contributors from the following institutions: Ascension Island: Ascension Island Government Conservation Department Dr Sam Weber Dr Judith Brown Dr Andy Richardson Dr Nicola Weber Emma Nolan Kate Downes University of Exeter Dr Annette Broderick Dr Brendon Godley St Helena: St Helena Government Isabel Peters Samantha Cherrett Annalea Beard Elizabeth Clingham Derek Henry Mike Jervois Lourens Malan Dr Jill Keys Ross Towers Paul Cherrett St Helena National Trust Jeremy Harris Rebecca Cairn-Wicks David Pryce Dennis Leo Acting Governor Sean Burns Independent Dr Andre Aptroot Dr Phil Lambdon Ben Sansom Tristan da Cunha: Tristan da Cunha Government Trevor Glass James Glass Katrine Herian Falkland Islands: Falkland Island Government