2015 Profile Prepared For: Rangitāne Tamaki Nui a Rua Prepared By: Dr
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RANGITĀNE O TAMAKI NUI A RUA 2015 Profile Prepared for: Rangitāne Tamaki Nui a Rua Prepared by: Dr. Chrissy Severinsen July 2015 1 RANGITĀNE O TAMAKI NUI A RUA CONTENTS Population and demographics 3 Socioeconomic status 8 Health 11 Education 15 Employment 20 Housing 21 2 RANGITĀNE O TAMAKI NUI A RUA IWI MĀORI ME NGĀ TAKOTORANGA PAPA POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHICS Population size and ethnicity Māori represent a larger proportion of the Tararua population, in comparison to Aotearoa New Zealand as a whole. Its Māori population ranks 44th in size out of the 67 districts in Aotearoa New Zealand. Less than one percent of Aotearoa New Zealand's Māori population usually lives in Tararua District. Of all Rangitāne Māori, 24.9% affiliated with one iwi, while 75.1% affiliated with more than one iwi. 2006 2013 Tararua (Total population) 17 634 16 854 Tararua (Māori population) 3489 3378 Rangitāne (Total population)* 5322 5784 * Includes people of Māori descent affiliating with at least one iwi in the Rangitāne kiwi grouping. Under Statistics New Zealand classification, the Rangitāne iwi grouping population includes all people of Māori descent who gave Rangitāne (Te Matau-a-Māui/Hawke's Bay/Wairarapa), Rangitāne (Manawatū), Rangitāne (Te Waipounamu/South Island), or Rangitāne, region unspecified as their iwi or as one of several iwi. The projected total Tararua population change to 2031 is a slow average annual decrease of 0.2%. This population decline is characterised by loss to neighbouring areas (Palmerston North, Manawatū) and a decline in the number of family groups. 3 RANGITĀNE O TAMAKI NUI A RUA 2013 Ethnicity 90 80 70 60 50 Tararua 40 Manawatū/Whanganui 30 Aotearoa/NZ 20 10 0 Māori NZ European/Pākehā 2013 Tararua Census Area Māori NZ European/Pākehā Units Ethnicity Norsewood-Herbertville 16.7% 89% Owahanga 14.1% 91.4% Dannevirke West 23.2% 80.7% Dannevirke East 32.7% 75.2% Papatawa 11.9% 91.7% Woodville 25% 82.3% Mangatainoka 11.1% 93.5% Pahiatua 21.5% 86.0% Eketahuna 25.5% 84.8% Nireaha-Tiraumea 17.8% 90.3% 4 RANGITĀNE O TAMAKI NUI A RUA Te pakeke me te ira tangata Age and sex 2013 Tararua Māori Rangitāne All Māori (Aotearoa NZ) Median age (years) 23.4 24.5 24.4 % of Māori aged 65 5.2% 5.6% 5.4% years + % of Māori aged < 15 35.5% 33.7% 33.1% years 5 RANGITĀNE O TAMAKI NUI A RUA Ngā takotoranga papa Location In 2013, nearly 80% of Rangitāne Māori lived in the North Island. The most common regions in which Rangitāne lived was the Manawatū/Whanganui Region (26.5%) and the Wellington Region (22.7%) and Auckland (8.9%). 6 RANGITĀNE O TAMAKI NUI A RUA Te Reo Māori Language Rangitāne All Māori (Aotearoa NZ) 2006 2013 2006 2013 Proportion of population who could hold a conversation about 25.3% 26.5% 20.0% 18.4% everyday things in Te Reo Māori In 2013, for Rangitāne who could hold a conversation in Te Reo Māori: • 28.1% were under 15 years • 65.8% were aged between 15 and 64 years • 6.1% were over 65 years Te Whakapono Religion In 2013, the three most common religions within Rangitāne are Catholic (12.6%), Anglican (11.3%), Latter-Day Saints (9%), Ratana (7.8%) and Ringatū (1%). Within the Rangitāne population in the NZ Census 2013, 42.8% reported they had no religion, and 6.1% not stated. 7 RANGITĀNE O TAMAKI NUI A RUA SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS Ngā whiwhinga moni Income 2013 Median income ($ per annum) 30000 25000 20000 Tararua Māori 15000 Rangitāne All Māori 10000 5000 0 *Median income (half earn more, and half less than this amount) for Māori aged 15 years and over 2013 Annual income Tararua Māori Rangitāne All Māori (% population) $20 000 or less 49.7% 43.9% 46.3% Source of income (Rangitāne population, 2013) Wages or salaries Interest, rents, other investments Self-employment or business Income support * Income support includes Jobseeker, Supported Living and Sole Parent payments, student allowance, and other government benefits or payments. 8 RANGITĀNE O TAMAKI NUI A RUA Means-tested benefits In June 2015, 1588 working-age people in Tararua were receiving a main benefit. 69% of all main benefit recipients had been receiving their current benefit continuously for more than one year. Main benefit recipient population Main benefit recipient population (Tararua, June 2015) (Aotearoa/NZ, June 2015) Māori Māori NZ European/ NZ European/ Pākehā Pākehā Other Other Numbers of Tararua Māori main benefit recipients June 2014 June 2015 Jobseeker 250 265 Sole parent support 182 165 Supported living 164 173 Other* 66 55 *Other main benefits' includes Youth Payment/Young Parent Payment (YP/YPP). 9 RANGITĀNE O TAMAKI NUI A RUA Ngā waka Motor vehicles In 2013, 92.8 percent of Rangitāne were living in a household with access to a motor vehicle, compared with 90.9 percent of the total population of Māori descent. This compares to 93.8 percent were living in a household with access to a motor vehicle in 2006. Ngā hangarau kōrero Access to phone and internet In 2013, 73.8 percent of Rangitāne lived in a household with Internet access, an increase of around 17% since 2006. In 2013, 87.5 percent of Rangitāne lived in a household with access to a cellphone or mobile phone. 2.4 percent lived in a household with no access to telecommunication systems (cellphone/mobile phone, telephone, fax machine, or the Internet). 10 RANGITĀNE O TAMAKI NUI A RUA HAUORA HEALTH Te momi tūpeka Cigarette smoking Within the Rangitāne population, the percentage of regular smokers decreased to 27.6% in 2013, from 35.3% in 2006. Rangitāne wāhine are more likely to be regular smokers (29.7%) than tāne (25%). Smoking rates also vary with age: 36% of those aged 25-34 years reported to be regular smokers, compared with 19.1% of those aged 55 years and over. 2013 Smoking behaviour 50 45 40 35 30 Never been a smoker 25 Regular smoker 20 15 Ex-smoker 10 5 0 Rangitāne All Māori 11 RANGITĀNE O TAMAKI NUI A RUA Mortality ‘All cause mortality’ is used as a general indicator of population health: the healthier a population, the lower its all cause mortality rate. Both MidCentral DHB and Whanganui DHB have higher all cause mortality rates than Aotearoa New Zealand overall. Māori have higher mortality rates across Aotearoa New Zealand overall and for MidCentral DHB. When deaths from 2006 to 2010 were accumulated and adjusted for differences in age balances of the populations, the number of Māori deaths was 90% higher than expected, when compared to Aotearoa New Zealand overall. MidCentral Māori number of deaths was 61% higher than expected, compared to Aotearoa New Zealand overall. MidCentral Māori and Aotearoa New Zealand Māori all had higher than expected numbers of amenable deaths, compared to Aotearoa New Zealand overall (by 113% and 129% respectively). Māori have over double the expected number of amenable deaths compared to Aotearoa New Zealand overall. NZDep decile 9 and 10 areas also have higher than expected mortality (both all-cause and amenable) numbers than expected, compared to Aotearoa New Zealand overall. In Tararua, this includes Woodville, Pahiatua, Dannevirke East, and Eketahuna. Causes of Māori mortality (Midcentral DHB, 2008-10) Cancers Diseases of the circulatory system External causes Diseases of the respiratory system Other 12 RANGITĀNE O TAMAKI NUI A RUA Tamariki Ora Well Child (WCTO) Framework Indicators Indicator Midcentral Māori Midcentral DHB Aotearoa/NZ Fully immunised for age 88% 89% 81% Newborn GP enrolment within 48% 58% 71% three months LMC referral to WCTO provider 99% 99% 98% Infants recieve all WCTO core 80% 86% 76% contacts due in first year 4 year olds recieve a B4 School 91% 90% 91% check Infants are fully breastfed at 6 63% 69% 75% weeks Infants are recieving breastmilk at 6 47% 61% 66% months Children are a healthy weight at 4 69% 76% 73% years Children are enrolled with child oral 67% 86% 73% health services Children are caries free at 5 years 36% 57% 57% Child mental health is supported 92% 95% 96% (normal SDQ-P score) 13 RANGITĀNE O TAMAKI NUI A RUA NZ Health Survey MidCentral DHB Summary 2011-2014 Most MidCentral Māori residents report being in good health: 81% of Māori adults rate their health as good, very good, or excellent. Nearly all parents (98%) consider their children to be in good health. The hazardous drinking rates for MidCentral Māori is higher the national rate: Around 28% of Māori adults have an established drinking pattern that carries a risk of harming the drinker’s physical or mental health, or of having harmful social effects on the drinker or others. MidCentral Māori adults are more likely to meet the recommendations for vegetable intake, but less likely to meet the recommended daily fruit intake than the total Māori population: 64% of adults reported eating the recommended three or more servings of vegetables per day (62% of total Māori population). Only 46% of adults ate the recommended three or more servings of fruit per day (49% of total Māori population). Māori children living in the MidCentral area were less likely to eat breakfast: 23% of Māori children aged between 2 and 14 years did not eat breakfast at home every day in the past week, compared to 18% of all Māori children nationally. MidCentral Māori children are more likely to watch more than two hours of TV each day: Over 67% of children aged between 2 and 14 years usually watch two or more hours of television each day, compared to 62% of all Māori children nationally.