The #Altwoke Companion
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Well, Actually
CHAPTER 5 WELL, ACTUALLY Cyber Sexism and Racism within Online Settings and the Enabling Discourse of E-Libertarianism INTRODUCTION Since its inception, the Internet has been hailed as a great equalizer, promoter of progress and democracy with unlimited potential and reach. What propels this mythology is the concept of the Internet as a neutral site, where identity is irrelevant other than the persona one chooses to create and share. Social life on the Internet is presented as an idealized, random collection of atomized individuals who happen to come together to interact over shared interests, with collectivity stopping there. Of course, this mythology has always been attractive to a certain segment of the population, who has always been able to utilize the Internet and shape society as they wished: Straight white men, often considered the default Internet user, see the Internet as a neutral tool because it conforms so exactly to their expectations, everyone else had to make adjustments and look for loopholes in order to use the Internet in the way they wanted. (Poland, 2016, p. 213) Indeed, for the women and minorities who are constantly harassed on the Internet, they are met with the dismissive (if not hostile) attitude that this is the price to pay for having the nerve to disrupt the “wide, open cyberspaces” that they are violating because of their unwillingness to no longer let racism, sexism, and homophobia go unnoticed. This can take the form of name calling, threats, and a blurring of online and offline stalking and violence. Far from being a neutral, idealized space, what the Internet reveals is “a story of how the deepest prejudices in a society can take purchase in new settings due to technology” which has been in the process of “transforming not only online spaces but real lives and potentially even the trajectory of our politics” for some time now (Beauchamp, 2019, para. -
An Examination of the Impact of Astroturfing on Nationalism: A
social sciences $€ £ ¥ Article An Examination of the Impact of Astroturfing on Nationalism: A Persuasion Knowledge Perspective Kenneth M. Henrie 1,* and Christian Gilde 2 1 Stiller School of Business, Champlain College, Burlington, VT 05401, USA 2 Department of Business and Technology, University of Montana Western, Dillon, MT 59725, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-802-865-8446 Received: 7 December 2018; Accepted: 23 January 2019; Published: 28 January 2019 Abstract: One communication approach that lately has become more common is astroturfing, which has been more prominent since the proliferation of social media platforms. In this context, astroturfing is a fake grass-roots political campaign that aims to manipulate a certain audience. This exploratory research examined how effective astroturfing is in mitigating citizens’ natural defenses against politically persuasive messages. An experimental method was used to examine the persuasiveness of social media messages related to coal energy in their ability to persuade citizens’, and increase their level of nationalism. The results suggest that citizens are more likely to be persuaded by an astroturfed message than people who are exposed to a non-astroturfed message, regardless of their political leanings. However, the messages were not successful in altering an individual’s nationalistic views at the moment of exposure. The authors discuss these findings and propose how in a long-term context, astroturfing is a dangerous addition to persuasive communication. Keywords: astroturfing; persuasion knowledge; nationalism; coal energy; social media 1. Introduction Astroturfing is the simulation of a political campaign which is intended to manipulate the target audience. Often, the purpose of such a campaign is not clearly recognizable because a political effort is disguised as a grassroots operation. -
COVID-19: How Hateful Extremists Are Exploiting the Pandemic
COVID-19 How hateful extremists are exploiting the pandemic July 2020 Contents 3 Introduction 5 Summary 6 Findings and recommendations 7 Beliefs and attitudes 12 Behaviours and activities 14 Harms 16 Conclusion and recommendations Commission for Countering Extremism Introduction that COVID-19 is punishment on China for their treatment of Uighurs Muslims.3 Other conspiracy theories suggest the virus is part of a Jewish plot4 or that 5G is to blame.5 The latter has led to attacks on 5G masts and telecoms engineers.6 We are seeing many of these same narratives reoccur across a wide range of different ideologies. Fake news about minority communities has circulated on social media in an attempt to whip up hatred. These include false claims that mosques have remained open during 7 Since the outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) lockdown. Evidence has also shown that pandemic, the Commission for Countering ‘Far Right politicians and news agencies [...] Extremism has heard increasing reports of capitalis[ed] on the virus to push forward their 8 extremists exploiting the crisis to sow division anti-immigrant and populist message’. Content and undermine the social fabric of our country. such as this normalises Far Right attitudes and helps to reinforce intolerant and hateful views We have heard reports of British Far Right towards ethnic, racial or religious communities. activists and Neo-Nazi groups promoting anti-minority narratives by encouraging users Practitioners have told us how some Islamist to deliberately infect groups, including Jewish activists may be exploiting legitimate concerns communities1 and of Islamists propagating regarding securitisation to deliberately drive a anti-democratic and anti-Western narratives, wedge between communities and the British 9 claiming that COVID-19 is divine punishment state. -
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A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick Permanent WRAP URL: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/110900 Copyright and reuse: This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. For more information, please contact the WRAP Team at: [email protected] warwick.ac.uk/lib-publications THE BRITISH LIBRARY BRITISH THESIS SERVICE COPYRIGHT Reproduction of this thesis, other than as permitted under the United Kingdom Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under specific agreement with the copyright holder, is prohibited. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. REPRODUCTION QUALITY NOTICE Th e quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the original thesis. Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the highest quality of reproduction, some pages which contain small or poor printing may not reproduce well. Previously copyrighted material (journal articles, published texts etc.) is not reproduced. THIS THESIS HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FLATLINE CONSTRUCTS: GOTHIC MATERIALISM AND CYBERNETIC THEORY-FICTION Mark Fisher Presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Philosophy University of Warwick July 1999 Numerous Originals in Colour Abstract FLATLINE CONSTRUCTS: GOTHIC MATERIALISM AND CYBERNETIC THEORY- FICTION Cyberpunk fiction has been called “the supreme literary expression, if not of postmodernism then of late capitalism itself.” (Jameson) This thesis aims to analyse and question this claim by rethinking cyberpunk Action, postmodernism and late capitalism in terms of three - interlocking - themes: cybernetics, the Gothic and fiction. -
Identity & In-Group Critique in James Mason's Siege
A Paler Shade of White: Identity & In-group Critique in James Mason’s Siege J.M. Berger RESOLVE NETWORK | April 2021 Racially and Ethnically Motivated Violent Extremism Series https://doi.org/10.37805/remve2021.1 The views expressed in this publication are those of the author. They do not necessarily reflect the views of the RESOLVE Network, the U.S. Institute of Peace, or any entity of the U.S. government. CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 2 HISTORY AND CONTEXT ...................................................................................... 4 METHODOLOGY: LINKAGEBASED ANALYSIS ............................................... 6 OVERVIEW OF CONTENT ..................................................................................... 7 INGROUP CRISIS: A PALER SHADE OF WHITE .............................................13 INGROUPS IN CRISIS ........................................................................................20 THE OUTGROUP IN THE INGROUP ...............................................................23 CONCLUSION: INSIGHTS & RECOMMENDATIONS .....................................25 BIBLIOGRAPHY .....................................................................................................28 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Discussions of extremist ideologies naturally focus on how in-groups criticize and attack out-groups. But -
Is There a Future for Accelerationism?
Is there a Future for Accelerationism? Abstract Accelerationism emerged from the insatiable market of ideas, a market that it attempts to intensify and ultimately repurpose in its own image. It is, however, an idea with consequences. The logic of accelerationism is not simply to exacerbate an inherent crisis of capitalism, either in order to provide a remedy in a more speedy fashion or consign it to its doom as a merciful gesture – putting it out of its misery, as it were. The process of acceleration underpinning the theory, of speeding up or intensification, is instead an active component of a re-imagined (post-)capitalism. This re-imagining is hyperstitional – a performative fiction invoked to overturn many seldom-questioned assumptions held across the academic spectrum. In attempting to foment the approach it both craves and envisages renders accelerationism almost unrecognisable as a serious contribution to academic debates on organisations and their management, even from critical perspectives. This article is not an attempt to accelerate nor to exemplify accelerationism, but instead contributes to the debate by identifying, examining and connecting core features of the conceptual framework underpinning the different approaches to accelerationism. It will focus in particular on Deleuze and Guattari’s contribution to this framework (desiring production; deterritorialisation; Body Without Organs, etc.) and examine their version of assemblage (agencement) as a way of conceptualising both the transformation of the machinery of capitalism -
Political Astroturfing Across the World
Political astroturfing across the world Franziska B. Keller∗ David Schochy Sebastian Stierz JungHwan Yang§ Paper prepared for the Harvard Disinformation Workshop Update 1 Introduction At the very latest since the Russian Internet Research Agency’s (IRA) intervention in the U.S. presidential election, scholars and the broader public have become wary of coordi- nated disinformation campaigns. These hidden activities aim to deteriorate the public’s trust in electoral institutions or the government’s legitimacy, and can exacerbate political polarization. But unfortunately, academic and public debates on the topic are haunted by conceptual ambiguities, and rely on few memorable examples, epitomized by the often cited “social bots” who are accused of having tried to influence public opinion in various contemporary political events. In this paper, we examine “political astroturfing,” a particular form of centrally co- ordinated disinformation campaigns in which participants pretend to be ordinary citizens acting independently (Kovic, Rauchfleisch, Sele, & Caspar, 2018). While the accounts as- sociated with a disinformation campaign may not necessarily spread incorrect information, they deceive the audience about the identity and motivation of the person manning the ac- count. And even though social bots have been in the focus of most academic research (Fer- rara, Varol, Davis, Menczer, & Flammini, 2016; Stella, Ferrara, & De Domenico, 2018), seemingly automated accounts make up only a small part – if any – of most astroturf- ing campaigns. For instigators of astroturfing, relying exclusively on social bots is not a promising strategy, as humans are good at detecting low-quality information (Pennycook & Rand, 2019). On the other hand, many bots detected by state-of-the-art social bot de- tection methods are not part of an astroturfing campaign, but unrelated non-political spam ∗Hong Kong University of Science and Technology yThe University of Manchester zGESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences §University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1 bots. -
From Clicktivism to Hacktivism: Understanding Digital Activism
Information & Organization, forthcoming 2019 1 From Clicktivism to Hacktivism: Understanding Digital Activism Jordana J. George Dorothy E. Leidner Mays Business School, Texas A&M University Baylor University ABSTRACT Digital activism provides new opportunities for social movement participants and social movement organizations (SMOs). Recent IS research has begun to touch on digital activism, defining it, exploring it, and building new theory to help understand it. This paper seeks to unpack digital activism through an exploratory literature review that provides descriptions, definitions, and categorizations. We provide a framework for digital activism by extending Milbrath’s (1965) hierarchy of political participation that divides activism into spectator, transitional, and gladiatorial activities. Using this framework, we identify ten activities of digital activism that are represented in the literature. These include digital spectator activities: clicktivism, metavoicing, assertion; digital transitional activities: e-funding, political consumerism, digital petitions, and botivism; and digital gladiatorial activities: data activism, exposure, and hacktivism. Last, we analyze the activities in terms of participants, SMOs, individuals who are targeted by the activity, and organizations that are targeted by the activity. We highlight four major implications and offer four meta-conjectures on the mechanisms of digital activism and their resulting impacts, and reveal a new construct where participants digitally organize yet lack an identifying cause, which we label connective emotion. Key Words Digital activism, social activism, political participation, social movements, connective emotion, literature review 1.0 Introduction Not long ago, activism to promote social movements was relegated to demonstrations and marches, chaining oneself to a fence, or writing to a government representative. Recruiting, organizing, and retaining participants was difficult enough to ensure that often only largest, best supported movements thrived and creating an impact often took years. -
King's Research Portal
King’s Research Portal DOI: 10.1080/21693293.2019.1609199 Document Version Peer reviewed version Link to publication record in King's Research Portal Citation for published version (APA): Michelsen, N., & de Orellana, P. G. (2019). Discourses of Resilience in the US Alt Right. Resilience, International Policies, Practices and Discourses, 7(3), 271-287. https://doi.org/10.1080/21693293.2019.1609199 Citing this paper Please note that where the full-text provided on King's Research Portal is the Author Accepted Manuscript or Post-Print version this may differ from the final Published version. If citing, it is advised that you check and use the publisher's definitive version for pagination, volume/issue, and date of publication details. And where the final published version is provided on the Research Portal, if citing you are again advised to check the publisher's website for any subsequent corrections. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the Research Portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognize and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. •Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research. •You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain •You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the Research Portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. -
Anti-Fascism/Art/Theory an Introduction to What Hurts Us
Anti-fascism/Art/Theory An Introduction to What Hurts Us Angela Dimitrakaki and Harry Weeks Three Narratives We will begin by stating the obvious. For reasons explained by many but averted by none, the consolidation of global capitalism executed by neoliberalism has generated such levels of polarisation and discontent as to have apparently raised fascism from the dead, given it – besides electoral purchase – an internet connection and a clickbait farm guaranteeing followers in the millions. That’s how one narrative goes. According to another narrative, it is not spectral, or even zombie, fascism that has entered the political room of the Global North while sweeping very large territories of the Global South, but a new configuration of authoritarianism and social hatred: Enzo Traverso, author of The New Faces of Fascism (2019), speaks of ‘post-fascism’, arguing that many of the authoritarian parties and rulers of the radical right do not claim a connection with fascism: On the one hand, the new far right is no longer fascist; on the other hand, we cannot define it without comparing it with fascism. The new right is a hybrid thing that might return to fascism, or it could turn into a new form of conservative, authoritarian, populist democracy. The concept of post-fascism tries to capture this.1 But at the same time, Traverso admits, ‘the new right is nationalist, racist, and xenophobic’, to which, we would add, that it also tends to be attached to strongman-type, ‘charismatic’ leadership.2 These are pretty solid attributes of fascism, especially when they congeal into a violent discourse identifying as a core cause ‘external’ and ‘internal’ enemies that must be 1 Nicolas Allen and Martín Cortés, ‘Fascisms Old and New: An Interview with Enzo Traverso’, Jacobin, 4 February 2019, https://jacobinmag.com/2019/02/enzo-traverso-post-fascism-ideology-conservatism, accessed 10 January 2019. -
It's Not Funny Anymore
DID YOU KNOW WE CAN HIDE ADS FOR YOU? HOME POLITICS CULTURAL CAVIAR COMMERCE GREATEST HITS CONTRIBUTORS ABOUT US Search MOST POPULAR MODERN WEAPONS RELATED ENTRIES 1. 10 Things I Like About It’s Not Funny Anymore 1. What the Zuck?! White Guys by Taki by Gavin McInnes by Gavin McInnes December 15, 2016 2. When Jilted Lovers Commit 2. The Battle of Milo Hate-Crime Hoaxes by Gavin McInnes Tweet 11 View as Single Page by Jim Goad 3. Ghost Inside Your 3. The Week That Perished Haunted Head I thought the leftist by Takimag by David Cole obsession with getting people fired would die 4. Taking Out the Rubbish 4. What’s So Bad About down after Trump won, by Theodore Dalrymple Globalism? but it’s still “alive and 5. A Radical Thought by Jim Goad well.” They just got a by Allan Massie 5. ‘Get Out’? Get Your sketch-comedy show Money Back called World Peace by Steve Sailer canceled because some photo credit: Bigstock of the contributors like open in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API pdfcrowd.com Trump. Instead of realizing their irritating behavior has ostracized them from the rest of the country, the alt-left have decided they weren’t annoying enough and are harassing employers, getting people fired, and making death threats in a futile attempt to turn back time and force America to be #WithHer. There was nothing racist or sexist or anything-ist about the show. Its detractors never really said there was. -
Testimony of Lecia Brooks Chief of Staff, Southern Poverty Law Center
Testimony of Lecia Brooks Chief of Staff, Southern Poverty Law Center before the Subcommittee on National Security, International Development and Monetary Policy Committee on Financial Services United States House of Representatives Dollars against Democracy: Domestic Terrorist Financing in the Aftermath of Insurrection February 25, 2021 My name is Lecia Brooks. I am chief of staff of the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC). Now in our 50th year, the SPLC is a catalyst for racial justice in the South and beyond, working in partnership with communities to dismantle white supremacy, strengthen intersectional movements, and advance the human rights of all people. SPLC lawyers have worked to shut down some of the nation’s most violent white supremacist groups by winning crushing, multimillion-dollar jury verdicts on behalf of their victims. We have helped dismantle vestiges of Jim Crow, reformed juvenile justice practices, shattered barriers to equality for women, children, the LGBTQ+ community, and the disabled, and worked to protect low-wage immigrant workers from exploitation. The SPLC began tracking white supremacist activity in the 1980s, during a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan and other organized extremist hate groups. Today, the SPLC is the premier U.S. nonprofit organization monitoring the activities of domestic hate groups and other extremists. In the early 1990s, the SPLC launched its pioneering Teaching Tolerance program to provide educators with free, anti-bias classroom resources, such as classroom documentaries and lesson plans. Now renamed Learning For Justice, our program reaches millions of schoolchildren with award-winning curricula and other materials that promote understanding of our nation’s history and respect for others, helping educators create inclusive, equitable school environments.