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Fiona. C. Stevens to Assess the Aims, Methods, Success and Problems Of

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Fiona. C. Stevens to Assess the Aims, Methods, Success and Problems Of THE WINSTON CHURCHILL MEMORIAL TRUST OF AUSTRALIA Report by: Fiona. C. Stevens JACK BROCKHOFF CHURCHILL FELLOW 2002/2 To assess the aims, methods, success and problems of the Repeat Victimisation Task Force - UK (specifically in the areas of Sexual Assault, Child Abuse and Domestic Violence) The Jack Brockhoff Churchill Fellowship Report - Fiona Stevens (2002-2) INDEX 2-3 1.0 INTRODUCTION 4 2.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 5 2.1 Winston Churchill Trust of Australia 5 2.2 Jack Brockhoff Foundation 5 2.3 Fellowship Referees 5 2.4 Fellowship Co-ordinators 5 3.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 3.1 Personal Details 6 3.2 Significant Events 6 3.3 Key Issues 6 3.4 Implementation/Dissemination 6 4.0 PROJECT 7 4.1 Repeat Victimisation - What is it? 7 4.2 Repeat Victimisation - Why? 7-8 5.0 PROGRAM 9 5.1 Repeat Victimisation Task Force 9 5.1.1 Establishment 9 5.1.2 Purpose and Focus 9 5.1.3 Initial Aims and Action 10 5.1.4 Early Problems Identified 10 5.1.5 Progress and Legacy 10 5.2 United Kingdom (UK) Contacts 11-14 6.0 REPEAT VICTIMISATION 15 6.1 Identification - Advantages 15 6.2 Repeat Victimisation -Scotland 16 6.3 As a Performance Indicator 16-17 6.3.1 Advantages/Disadvantages 17-18 7.0 DATA 19 7.1 Collection Methods - UK 19 7.2 Specific Domestic Violence Data - Scotland 19 The Jack Brockhoff Churchill Fellowship Report - Fiona Stevens (2002-2) 2 TRAINING AND EDUCATION 20 7.3 Preventing Repeat Victimisation - (UK) 20 Police Officer's Handbook 7.4 CENTREX (Centre for Developing Policing Excellence) (UK) 21 7.5 Interactive CD training 21 7.6 Prosecution and Criminal Justice staff 21-22 8.0 COURTS 23 8.1 Prosecution of Cases 23 8.1.1 Increasing Successful Prosecutions 23-24 9.1.1.1 Dedicated Domestic Violence Courts 24 9.1.1.2 Victim Support - Throughout Investigation Process 24-25 9.1.1.3 Data Presentation - Scotland 25 9.1.1.4 Obtaining Best evidence-Cognitive Interviewing Technique. 25 9.0 POLICE RESPONSES (UK) 26 9.1 Graded Responses 26 9.1.1 Dedicated Domestic Violence Officers 26 9.1.2 Application In Other Crime Areas 27 9.1.3 Domestic Violence - Victim Safety 27 10.1.3.1 Alarms 27 10.1.3.2 Risk Assessment Tool - victim focus 27-28 10.0 CONCLUSION 29 11.0 RECOMMENDATIONS 30 12.0 REFERENCES 31-32 The Jack Brockhoff Churchill Fellowship Report - Fiona Stevens (2002-2) 3 1.0 INTRODUCTION "Repeat victimisation impacts greatly on often the most vulnerable members of society and creates high costs for the community as a whole. It is however, an area with potential to intervene to prevent further harms."1 (C.Nixon Chief Commissioner of Police, Victoria, Australia) Policing practices worldwide must be receptive to review and change if they are to remain effective and relevant. Our service must be aligned to our clients needs. Our clients being ordinary community members as well as victims of crime. Our charter is to protect them from harm, and certainly if harmed, from any further harm. Increasing demands are being made on the time of the police officer. Increases in population, mobility, technology, diversification of crimes, internal and external accountability frameworks, training and costs, result in less time to devote to many areas of responsibility. Reactive and preventative priorities intensely compete. Empirical policing evidence identifies certain people and locations in our communities are over-represented in crime figures. Academic studies are now also supportive of this. Now, more than ever, finite time and resources dictate we need to be "one step ahead" in policing. We need to police smarter. Intelligence led, targeted policing with a view to preventing crime, not just reacting to it, must be a priority. Government, social agencies and police command must commit to strategies to enhance our ability to appropriately identify, respond to and prevent initial or further victimisation. These matters are emotive issues and our communities have expectations regarding the handling of them. If expectations are not addressed appropriately and repeat victimisation continues, vicarious liability becomes a serious and very real risk. My Fellowship was to study the work of the Repeat Victimisation Task Force in the United Kingdom. The intention being to look at their aims, methods, successes and problems. To ensure manageability and relevance to my area of expertise and interest, I chose to look at their work specifically in the areas of Sexual Assault, Child Abuse and Domestic Violence. Throughout this process though, there was also ongoing consideration for transferability of good practice to the broader spectrum of crimes. Administrative and operational areas were explored. Many interviews were conducted, documentation obtained , policy, procedures and strategies explored, and front line responses observed and undertaken. Attempting to condense the experiences eight weeks of travel, crammed with so many enlightening encounters into a readable report, results inevitably in enormous amounts of detail, and some projects, not being represented in this report. However the detail and lessons learnt and depth of experience will not be lost or wasted. Additional reports and presentations will follow. Now there is so much more to be done. This Fellowship is only a beginning! 1 Nixon.C. Chief Commissioner of Police Victoria - reference for Fiona Stevens re Winston Churchill Fellowship Application 2002 The Jack Brockhoff Churchill Fellowship Report - Fiona Stevens (2002-2) 4 2.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am sincerely grateful to the following people and organisations. 2.1 The Winston Churchill Trust of Australia - for recommending my application for sponsorship and granting the Fellowship. 2.2 The Jack Brockhoff Foundation - for selecting my Fellowship application from so many exceptional applications, as one worthy of their sponsorship. Thank you for placing your trust in me personally to be your ambassador and affording me the honour of becoming the Jack Brockhoff Churchill Fellow 2002/2. 2.3 Fellowship Referees: Her Honour Judge SEXTON Judge of the County Court of Victoria Department of Justice, Victoria, Australia Chief Commissioner of Police, Ms Christine NIXON Victoria Police Force HQ, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Assistant Commissioner Kieran WALSHE Region 4 Commander -Rosanna, Victoria Police Force, Australia In absence of support and trust from my referees, the Fellowship process could not have commenced. 2.4 Fellowship program coordinators: Sergeant Heather GAY - Metropolitan Police Force, London Chief Inspector Ramzan MOHAYHUDDIN - Home Office, London. Detective Constable Cris RYAN. - New Scotland Yard, London. Detective Sergeant Robin TURTON - Lothian & Borders Police Force, Edinburgh. Constable Hugh McKENZIE - Lothian & Borders Police Force, Edinburgh. Constable John ROWSON - West Yorkshire Police, Leeds. Constable Dave JOHNSON - Merseyside Police Force, Wirral. Magistrate Graham BASKERVILLE - Wiltshire. All gave freely of themselves for interviews, arranged appointments, introduced me to relevant contacts, assisted with provision of documentation, conveyed me to meetings, site visits and train stations, provided hospitality and graciously and patiently answered my many questions. They have made invaluable contributions to my research and have ensured whilst in their country my professional and personal experiences were maximised and remain truly unforgettable. The Jack Brockhoff Churchill Fellowship Report - Fiona Stevens (2002-2) 5 3.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3.1 Personal Details Name: Fiona STEVENS Occupation: Senior Constable, Victoria Police Force, Australia. Position: Sexual Offences and Child Abuse (S.O.C.A) Unit 58 Tallarook St., Seymour 3660 Victoria, Australia. Ph.03 57921211 email:[email protected] 3.2 Significant Events: Learning from the members responsible for two leading domestic violence models acknowledged world wide. At Killingbeck, West Yorkshire Police, Leeds with Constable John ROWSON and, Merseyside Police, Wirral with Detective Constable Dave JOHNSON. Working with Chief Inspector Ramzan MOHAYHUDDIN, Police Standards Unit, Home Office who is currently the driving force behind their national repeat victimisation strategy. Shadowing him to meetings with high-ranking officials who are stakeholders and currently in consultation regarding the recently released white paper on domestic violence. Meeting with Dame Elizabeth NEVILLE Chief Constable of Wiltshire Constabulary and seeing Wiltshire’s advanced initiatives in domestic violence partnerships, as well as many other innovative general policing practices. 3.3 Key Issues: - Repeat victimisation is an under-utilised resource for crime prevention in Australia. - Repeat victimisation needs to be acknowledged and quantified by introducing relevance and standardisation in data collection. - Police responses to repeat victims of crime need to be relevant, effective and graded and built in to performance measures. - There is a distinct lack of awareness and training for police, legal practitioners and the judiciary around the complexity of assaults where the offender and victim are from within the same family or known to each other. 3.4 Implementation / Dissemination This and subsequent reports with specific focus will be forwarded to agencies and personnel where it is directly relevant. Future presentations will be arranged. The Chief Commissioner of Victoria Police has given an undertaking to assist me to communicate my findings and recommendations internally and to other policing and social agencies. I anticipate ongoing involvement and input with the development of strategies to enhance our ability to identify, appropriately respond to, and prevent repeat victimisation. The Jack Brockhoff Churchill Fellowship Report - Fiona Stevens (2002-2) 6 4.0 PROJECT 4.1 Repeat Victimisation - What is it? What initially might appear to be a fairly simple question has been the subject of great debate in the United Kingdom over the last two decades. When the Repeat Victimisation Task Force was initially established the first major problem it encountered was the definition and criteria. This resulted in the Task Force intentionally leaving the individual police forces to devise their own understanding and definition to work with believing it needed to be manageable and relevant at local level.
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