DOCSLIB.ORG

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization of Sparganium Eurycarpum and Typha Glauca Stands, Eagle Lake, Iowa Robert Kyle Neely Iowa State University

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization of Sparganium Eurycarpum and Typha Glauca Stands, Eagle Lake, Iowa Robert Kyle Neely Iowa State University Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1982 Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization of Sparganium eurycarpum and Typha glauca stands, Eagle Lake, Iowa Robert Kyle Neely Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Neely, Robert Kyle, "Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization of Sparganium eurycarpum and Typha glauca stands, Eagle Lake, Iowa " (1982). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 7521. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/7521 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image of the page can be found in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method of "sectioning" the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand comer of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For illustrations that cannot be satisfactorily reproduced by xerographic means, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and inserted into your xerographic copy. These prints are available upon request from the Dissertations Customer Services Department. 5. Some pages in any document may have indistinct print. In all cases the best available copy has been filmed. Universi^ Microrilms Intemationêil 300 N. Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 8224239 Neely, Robert Kyle NTTROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION OF SPARGANIUM EURYCARPUM AND TYPHA GLAUCA STANDS, EAGLE LAKE, IOWA lov/a State University Ph.D. 1982 University Microfilms Intsrnâtionâl m N. Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. MI 48106 Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization of Sparganium eurycarpum and Typha glauca stands. Eagle Lake, Iowa •by Robert Kyle Neely A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major: Botany Approved: Signature was redacted for privacy. In Chag^e of Major Work Signature was redacted for privacy. For the Major Departme^ Signature was redacted for privacy. ror the Gradfete College Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 1982 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 Explanation of Thesis Format 2 SECTION I. NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATIONS IN SURFACE AND INTERSTITIAL WATER OF A PRAIRIE MARSH 6 ABSTRACT 7 INTRODUCTION 9 METHODS 11 Study Site 11 Experimental Design 12 Collection and Analysis of Samples 14 Statistical Procedures 16 RESULTS 18 Seasonal Patterns 18 Surface water 18 Nitrogen 18 Phosphorus 20 Interstitial water 23 1979 23 1980 26 Nitrogen 26 Phosphorus 28 Short-Term Patterns 30 Surface water 30 iii 15-cm interstitial water 30 DISCUSSION 33 LITERATURE CITED 38 SECTION II. NUTRIENT LIMITATION OF SPARGANIUM EURYCARPUM AND TYPHA GLAUCA IN A PRAIRIE MARSH 43 ABSTRACT 44 INTRODUCTION 45 METHODS 48 Study Site 48 Construction and Fertilization of Enclosures 49 Collection and Analysis of Samples 49 Sediment and interstitial H^O 49 Vegetation 51 Statistical Analyses 52 RESULTS 54 Interstitial H^O 54 Sediment 56 Above-ground Vegetative Response 58 Nitrogen content 58 Shoot density 60 Biomass and production 60 Below-ground Vegetative Response 66 Nitrogen content 66 Biomass 67 DISCUSSION 69 iv Nutrient Availability 69 Production 70 LITERATURE CITED 74 SECTION III. NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, AND THE DECOMPOSITION OF TYPHA GLAUCA AND SPARGANIDM EURYCARPDM IN A PRAIRIE MARSH 80 ABSTRACT 81 INTRODUCTION 83 METHODS 87 Study Site 87 Fertilization Experiments 87 Shoot tissues 88 Root-rhizome tissues 89 Shoot Decomposition and Initial Nutrient Content 89 Statistical Analyses 90 RESULTS 92 Shoot Decomposition 92 Dry weight 92 Nitrogen content 94 Phosphorus content 97 Root-rhizome Decomposition 99 Dry weight 99 Nitrogen content 100 DISCUSSION 102 Dry Weight 102 Shoot litter 102 V Eoot-rhizome litter 105 Nutrient Content 106 Shoot litter 106 Below-ground litter 110 CONCLUSIONS 112 LITERATURE CITED 115 ST3MMARY 120 LITERATURE CITED 123 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 125 vi LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1. The location of Eagle Lake marsh, Iowa 3 Figure 2. The location of fertilized and unfertilized sampling plots at Eagle Lake marsh 4 Figure 3. The internal arrangement of Eagle Lake sampling plots 5 Figure I-l. The location of fertilized and unfertilized sampling plots at Eagle Lake marsh 13 Figure 1-2. Interstitial water sampling well 15 Figure 1-3. The average concentration of NH^-N, NO^-N, and organic nitrogen in Eagle Lake fertilized and unfertilized surface water during 1979 and 1980 19 Figure 1-4. The average concentration of PO^-P, total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), and particulate phosphorus (PP) in Eagle Lake fertilized and unfertilized surface water in 1979 and 1980 21 Figure 1-5. The average concentration of NH^-N, NO^-N, and organic nitrogen in Eagle Lake fertilized and unfertilized interstitial water at 15-cm and 45-cm depths 27 Figure 1-6. The average concentration of PO.-P and total 4 • phosphorus (TP) in Eagle Lake fertilized and unfertilized interstitial waters at 15-cm and 45-cm depths 29 vii Figure 1-7. The average concentration of NO^-N, and PO^-P in surface water (n=6) and in 15-cm inter­ stitial water (n=2) on successive days after fertilization in July and October Figure II-l. Location of Sparganium and Typha control and fertilized enclosures at each of 3 sites in Eagle Lake marsh. The actual arrangement of plots at each site is not indicated Figure II-2. Average NH^-N, NO^-N, and PO^-P concentrations in interstitial water and sediments of control and fertilized plots during 1979 and 1980 Figure II-3. Average percentage nitrogen in Sparganium and Typha shoot and root-rhizome tissues from con­ trol and fertilized plots during 1979 and 1980 Figure II-4. Average Sparganium and Typha shoot density in control and fertilized plots in 1979 and 1980 Figure II-5. Average Sparganium and Typha total above-ground biomass in control and fertilized plots during 1979 and 1980 Figure II-6. Summary of the 1980 effects of fertilization on Sparganium and Typha stands on NH^-N, NO^-N, and PO^-P concentrations in interstitial waters; NH,-N and PO,-P concentrations in sediments; 4 4 percentage nitrogen in shoots and roots-rhizomes maximum shoot density; net primary production viii (NPP); and autumn below-ground biomass. Signif­ icance at the 0.10 confidence level is desig­ nated by an asterisk. Summer averages are used for all nutrient concentrations 72 Figure III-l. Sources of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus for microbial decomposers 84 Figure III-2- The average percentage of original dry weight remaining in submerged Typha and Spar gam'um shoot and root-rhizome litterbags 93 Figure III-3. The average concentration of nitrogen in submerged Typha and Sparganium shoot and root- rhizome litterbags 95 Figure III-4. The average percentage of original nitrogen remaining in submerged Typha and Sparganium shoot and root-rhizome litterbags 96 Figure III-5. The average concentration of phosphorus and the percentage of original phosphorus re­ maining in submerged Typha and Sparganium shoot litterbags 98 Figure 4. The movement and effect of nitrogen and phos­ phorus fertilizer in Eagle Lake marsh. After application, the fertilizer moved through the litter layer into the interstitial water column. As a result, nitrogen and phosphorus concentra­ tions in both compartments were elevated. Emer- ix gent plant uptake and accumulation of nitrogen from interstitial waters in 1979 and 1980 stimu­ lated an increase in shoot density in 1980, an increase in net primary production (NPP) in 1980, and eventually an increase in the rate of decomposition. Percentages denote the 1980 post-fertilization changes in nitrogen and phos­ phorus concentration of interstitial water and live tissues; the change in the absolute quan­ tity of nitrogen and phosphorus in litter; the change in shoot density; the change in NPP; and the change in the rate of decomposition X LIST OF TABLES Page Table I-l. 1979 15-cm interstitial concentrations (mg/1) in Typha glauca and Sparganium eurycarpum experi­ mental plots 24 Table 1-2. 1979 45-cm interstitial concentrations (mg/1) in Typha glauca and Sparganium eurycarpum experi­ mental plots 25 Table II-l. 1979 15-cm interstitial concentrations (ppm) in Typha glauca and Sparganium eurycarpum experi­ mental plots 57 Table II-2. 1979 and 1980 average net annual above-ground 2 production (g/m ), average maximum above-ground 2 biomass (g/m ), average autumn below-ground bio- 2 mass (g/m ), and below-ground:above-ground bio­ mass ratios for Typha glauca and Spar gam'urn eurycarpxmi in control and fertilized plots 64 Table II-3.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Aquatic Vascular Plants of New England, Station Bulletin, No.517
    University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository NHAES Bulletin New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station 2-1-1981 Aquatic vascular plants of New England, Station Bulletin, no.517 Crow, G. E. Hellquist, C. B. New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/agbulletin Recommended Citation Crow, G. E.; Hellquist, C. B.; and New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, "Aquatic vascular plants of New England, Station Bulletin, no.517" (1981). NHAES Bulletin. 478. https://scholars.unh.edu/agbulletin/478 This Text is brought to you for free and open access by the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in NHAES Bulletin by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. S ON BULLETIN 517 February, 1981 oo-5n Aquatic Vascular Plants of Ne^v England: Part 2. Typhaceae and Sparganiaceae by G. E. Crow and C. B. Hellquist NEW HAMPSHIRE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE DURHAM, NEW HAMPSHIRE ON BULLETIN 517 February, 1981 Aquatic Vascular Plants of New England: Part 2. Typhaceae and Sparganiaceae by G. E. Crow and C. B. Hellquist NEW HAMPSHIRE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE DURHAM, NEW HAMPSHIRE •' Nst; Hrirr-poliire Y •'_v--r-r 5 %^ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ^^ 5/:^ We wish to thank Drs. Ernest O. Beal, Vernon L. Harms, Arthur C. Mathieson, and Eugene C. Ogden for their helpful comments on the manuscript. We are also grateful to the curators of the following her- baria for use of their collections: BOSC, BRU, CONN, CUW, GH, HNH, KIRI, MASS, MAINE, NCBS, NHA, NEBC, VT, YU.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Environmental Factors on Sparganium Emersum and Sparganium Erectum Colonization in Two Drainage Ditches with Different Maintenance
    Vol.3, No.4, 538-544 (2012) Agricultural Sciences http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/as.2012.34064 Effects of environmental factors on Sparganium emersum and Sparganium erectum colonization in two drainage ditches with different maintenance Korehisa Kaneko1, Hiroshi Jinguji2 1Hokuso Creature Association, Tokyo, Japan; [email protected] 2School of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Miyagi University, Sendai, Japan Received 12 March 2012; revised 25 April 2012; accepted 4 May 2012 ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION In the Niheishimizu and Ooshimizu sections of [1] has established the “Ministry of Agriculture, For- the town of Misato in the Akita Prefecture, Nor- estry and Fisheries (MAFF) biodiversity strategy” to thern Japan, there are many abundant spring promote approaches to agriculture that recognise the water areas. Sparganium (Sparganium emersum value of biodiversity, reduce damage to the populations and Sparganium erectum) species are widely of local birds and other animals and protect agricultural distributed in the irrigation water that fed by resources. The MAFF is promoting types of environ- spring water. The irrigation waters were divided mentally friendly agriculture that can coexist with many the natural type ditch and the maintained ditch living organisms. It is necessary to maintain and restore rice fields, ditch and the habitats of wild flora and fauna. that connect with nearby natural ditch to pro- Spring water areas occur in some parts of the alluvial mote environmentally friendly agriculture. This fans located on the plains in the northern area of the study was conducted in both sections to sup- Senboku District in the Yokote basin, Akita Prefecture, port the maintenance of the irrigation water fed Northern Japan.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Cretaceous Lineages of Monocot Flowering Plants
    Early Cretaceous lineages of monocot flowering plants Kåre Bremer* Department of Systematic Botany, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyva¨gen 18D, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden Edited by Peter H. Raven, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO, and approved February 14, 2000 (received for review October 1, 1999) The phylogeny of flowering plants is now rapidly being disclosed tionally complex and not feasible for dating large trees with by analysis of DNA sequence data, and currently, many Cretaceous several reference fossils. fossils of flowering plants are being described. Combining molec- Herein, the focus is on divergence times for the basal nodes of ular phylogenies with reference fossils of known minimum age the monocot phylogeny, and any precision in dating the upper makes it possible to date the nodes of the phylogenetic tree. The nodes of the tree is not attempted. To this end, mean branch dating may be done by counting inferred changes in sequenced lengths from the terminals to the basal nodes of the tree are genes along the branches of the phylogeny and calculating change calculated. Unequal rates in different lineages are manifested as rates by using the reference fossils. Plastid DNA rbcL sequences and unequal branch lengths counting from the root to the terminals eight reference fossils indicate that Ϸ14 of the extant monocot in phylogenetic trees, and the procedure of calculating mean lineages may have diverged from each other during the Early branch lengths reduces the problem of unequal rates toward the Cretaceous >100 million years B.P. The lineages are very different base of the tree.
    [Show full text]
  • Gurnell, AM, O'hare, MT, O'hare, JM
    This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Gurnell, A.M., O’Hare, M.T., O’Hare, J.M., Scarlett, P., Liffen, T.M.R. 2013. The geomorphological context and impact of the linear emergent macrophyte, Sparganium erectum L.: a statistical analysis of observations from British rivers. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 38, 1869-1880, which has been published in final form at DOI: 10.1002/esp.3473. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self- Archiving The geomorphological context and impact of the linear emergent macrophyte, Sparganium erectum L.: a statistical analysis of observations from British rivers A.M. Gurnell 1, M.T. O’Hare 2, J.M. O’Hare 1, P. Scarlett 3, T.M.R. Liffen 1,4 1 School of Geography, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK 2 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, UK 3 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford Oxfordshire, UK 4 Current address: Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden ABSTRACT This paper explores the geomorphological context and impact of the widely-occurring, linear emergent macrophyte, Sparganium erectum. Forty-seven sites across Britain were selected for field investigation, spanning the range of environmental conditions within which S. erectum had been found to be present in previous analyses of national data sets. A combination of descriptive graphs and statistics, Principal Components Analysis, and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to explore the large multivariate data set collected at the 47 sites. 1 The analyses showed that S.
    [Show full text]
  • Poales Poales 4 Main Groups: • Acorales - Sister to All Monocots • Alismatales – Inc
    Poales Poales 4 main groups: • Acorales - sister to all monocots • Alismatales – inc. Aroids - jack in the pulpit • “Lilioids” (lilies, orchids, yams) cattails, rushes, sedges – non-monophyletic – petaloid • Commelinids – Arecales – palms – Commelinales – spiderwort – Zingiberales –banana – Poales – pineapple – grasses & sedges Poales Poales • showy flowers, Evolutionary trends: • showy flowers, insect or bird insect or bird pollinated • nectar to pollen gathering to pollinated wind pollination • +/- reduced • reduced flowers - loss of • +/- reduced flowers, insect or perianth flowers, insect or wind pollinated wind pollinated • unisexuality sometimes • bracts become important • reduced • reduced flowers, wind • flowers to florets in spikelets flowers, wind pollinated pollinated 1 Poales II: wind pollinated families Xyridaceae - yellow eye grass Small family (5/260) of rush-like leaves with • “grade” centered in the terminal spike of small but showy yellow (or Guayana Shield and blue) petalled-flowers with no nectar. distinctive in tepui-top flora Inflorescence with spirally arranged bracts. • +/- reduced flowers, insect or wind pollinated Xyris difformis Xyris torta - yellow-eyed grass Xyridaceae - yellow eye grass Xyridaceae - yellow eye grass Subfamily with Xyris is widespread and includes Other subfamily is diverse only on Guayana northern hemisphere species. Shield and Brazilian cerrados Abolboideae distribution Xyridoideae (Xyris) distribution Orectanthe Xyris difformis Abolboda 2 Eriocaulaceae - pipewort Eriocaulaceae - pipewort
    [Show full text]
  • Nuclear Genes, Matk and the Phylogeny of the Poales
    Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2018 Nuclear genes, matK and the phylogeny of the Poales Hochbach, Anne ; Linder, H Peter ; Röser, Martin Abstract: Phylogenetic relationships within the monocot order Poales have been well studied, but sev- eral unrelated questions remain. These include the relationships among the basal families in the order, family delimitations within the restiid clade, and the search for nuclear single-copy gene loci to test the relationships based on chloroplast loci. To this end two nuclear loci (PhyB, Topo6) were explored both at the ordinal level, and within the Bromeliaceae and the restiid clade. First, a plastid reference tree was inferred based on matK, using 140 taxa covering all APG IV families of Poales, and analyzed using parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. The trees inferred from matK closely approach the published phylogeny based on whole-plastome sequencing. Of the two nuclear loci, Topo6 supported a congruent, but much less resolved phylogeny. By contrast, PhyB indicated different phylo- genetic relationships, with, inter alia, Mayacaceae and Typhaceae sister to Poaceae, and Flagellariaceae in a basally branching position within the Poales. Within the restiid clade the differences between the three markers appear less serious. The Anarthria clade is first diverging in all analyses, followed by Restionoideae, Sporadanthoideae, Centrolepidoideae and Leptocarpoideae in the matK and Topo6 data, but in the PhyB data Centrolepidoideae diverges next, followed by a paraphyletic Restionoideae with a clade consisting of the monophyletic Sporadanthoideae and Leptocarpoideae nested within them. The Bromeliaceae phylogeny obtained from Topo6 is insufficiently sampled to make reliable statements, but indicates a good starting point for further investigations.
    [Show full text]
  • Rare Vascular Plants of the North Slope a Review of the Taxonomy, Distribution, and Ecology of 31 Rare Plant Taxa That Occur in Alaska’S North Slope Region
    BLM U. S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management BLM Alaska Technical Report 58 BLM/AK/GI-10/002+6518+F030 December 2009 Rare Vascular Plants of the North Slope A Review of the Taxonomy, Distribution, and Ecology of 31 Rare Plant Taxa That Occur in Alaska’s North Slope Region Helen Cortés-Burns, Matthew L. Carlson, Robert Lipkin, Lindsey Flagstad, and David Yokel Alaska The BLM Mission The Bureau of Land Management sustains the health, diversity and productivity of the Nation’s public lands for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations. Cover Photo Drummond’s bluebells (Mertensii drummondii). © Jo Overholt. This and all other copyrighted material in this report used with permission. Author Helen Cortés-Burns is a botanist at the Alaska Natural Heritage Program (AKNHP) in Anchorage, Alaska. Matthew Carlson is the program botanist at AKNHP and an assistant professor in the Biological Sciences Department, University of Alaska Anchorage. Robert Lipkin worked as a botanist at AKNHP until 2009 and oversaw the botanical information in Alaska’s rare plant database (Biotics). Lindsey Flagstad is a research biologist at AKNHP. David Yokel is a wildlife biologist at the Bureau of Land Management’s Arctic Field Office in Fairbanks. Disclaimer The mention of trade names or commercial products in this report does not constitute endorsement or rec- ommendation for use by the federal government. Technical Reports Technical Reports issued by BLM-Alaska present results of research, studies, investigations, literature searches, testing, or similar endeavors on a variety of scientific and technical subjects. The results pre- sented are final, or a summation and analysis of data at an intermediate point in a long-term research project, and have received objective review by peers in the author’s field.
    [Show full text]
  • Wetlands in Russia
    WETLANDS IN RUSSIA Volume 4 Wetlands in Northeastern Russia Compiled by A.V.Andreev Moscow 2004 © Wetlands International, 2004 All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism, or review (as permitted under the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988) no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrical, chemical, mechanical, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of the copyright holder. The production of this publication has been generously supported by the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality, The Netherlands Citation: Andreev, A.V. 2004. Wetlands in Russia, Volume 4: Wetlands in Northeastern Russia. Wetlands International–Russia Programme.198 pp. ISBN 90-5882-024-6 Editorial Board: V.O.Avdanin, V.G.Vinogradov, V.Yu. Iliashenko, I.E.Kamennova, V.G.Krivenko, V.A.Orlov, V.S.Ostapenko, V.E.Flint Translation: Yu.V.Morozov Editing of English text: D. Engelbrecht Layout: M.A.Kiryushkin Cover photograph: A.V.Andreev Designed and produced by KMK Scientific Press Available from: Wetlands International-Russia Programme Nikoloyamskaya Ulitsa, 19, stroeniye 3 Moscow 109240, Russia Fax: + 7 095 7270938; E-mail: [email protected] The presentation of material in this publication and the geographical designations employed do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of Wetlands International, concerning the legal status of any territory or area,
    [Show full text]
  • Sparganiaceae Bur‐Reed Family
    Sparganiaceae bur‐reed family The family comprises a monogeneric group of aquatic perennials, totalling 15–20 species of the north‐ Page | 1448 temperate zones. Leaves are long and narrow and may be basal or cauline. Submerged and emerged leaves both have septa. Easily distinguished, they produce a flexuous and sometimes branched inflorescence of persistent burrs; flowers are imperfect. Inflorescence arises from the axil of the bracteal leaf or above, the staminate heads distalmost. Perianth is reduced to 3–6 tepallike scales. Fruits are achenes within a hard bony covering, one seed per locule. Sparganium L. bur‐reeds Floating or erect, all are aquatic or emergent, with long ribbonlike leaves. Key to species A. Stigmas 2; fruit more than 4mm thick, flattened across the top. Sparganium eurycarpum aa. Stigma 1; fruit 1.2–3mm thick, ovate or elliptic. B B. Beak of the fruit long and slender. C C. Beak of the fruit, long and curved. S. fluctuans cc. Beak straight or nearly so. D D. Pistillate heads borne directly in the bract axils. S. americanum dd. Pistillate heads born above the axil. E E. Plant erect or ascending; leaves flat, S. emersum 5–10mm wide. ee. Plant usually floating or stranded; S. angustifolium leaves rounded on the back, 1.5‐4mm wide. bb. Beak of the fruit short or beak absent. F F. Pistillate heads borne directly in the bract axil. S. natans ff. Pistillate heads borne slightly above the bract axil. S. hyperboreum 4-22 Sparganiaceae Sparganium americanum Nutt. rubanier d'Amérique A stout emergent plant, the stem bears a branching Page | 1449 inflorescence, with 2–3 pistillate heads on each branch.
    [Show full text]
  • Botanica Pacifica
    Russian Academy of Sciences, Far Eastern Branch Botanical Garden-Institute botanica pacifica A journal of plant science and conservation Volume 9, No. 1 2020 VLADIVOSTOK 2020 Botanica Pacifica. A journal of plant science and conservation. 2020. 9(1): 139–154 DOI: 10.17581/bp.2020.09115 Findings to the flora of Russia and adjacent countries: New national and regional vascular plant records, 2 Alla V. Verkhozina*1, Olga A. Chernysheva1, Alexandr L. Ebel2, Andrey S. Erst2,3, Nikolay V. Dorofeev1, Vladimir I. Dorofeyev4, Alexey V. Grebenjuk4, Anna Ya. Grigorjevskaja5, Ziyarat A. Guseinova6, Anastasia V. Ivanova7, Anatoliy A. Khapugin8,9, Andrey Yu. Korolyuk3, Kirill A. Korznikov10, Igor V. Kuzmin8, Maxim M. Mallaliev6, Vladislav V. Murashko1, Ramazan A. Murtazaliev6,11, Ksenia B. Popova12, Irina N. Safronova4, Sergey V. Saksonov7, Lyudmi­ la I. Sarajeva13, Stepan A. Senator7, Victoria I. Troshkina3, Vladimir M. Vasjukov7, Wei Wang14,15, Kunli Xiang14,15, Evgenii G. Zibzeev3, Dmitry V. Zolotov16, Elena Yu. Zykova3, Denis A. Krivenko1 1 Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and ABSTRACT Biochemistry SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia With this paper we continue a new annual series, the main purpose of which is to 2 National Research Tomsk State University, make significant floristic findings from Russia and neighboring countries more vi­ Tomsk, Russia sible in Russia and abroad. In total, this paper presents new records for 24 vascular 3 Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB plant species from 4 Eurasian countries, obtained during field explorations, as well RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia as during taxonomic revisions of herbarium materials. For the first time, new locali­ 4 Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, St.
    [Show full text]
  • Mississippi Flora. I. Monocotyledon Families with Aquatic Or Wetland Species
    Gulf and Caribbean Research Volume 4 Issue 3 January 1974 Mississippi Flora. I. Monocotyledon Families with Aquatic or Wetland Species Samuel B. Jones Jr. University of Georgia Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/gcr Part of the Botany Commons, and the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Jones, S. B. Jr. 1974. Mississippi Flora. I. Monocotyledon Families with Aquatic or Wetland Species. Gulf Research Reports 4 (3): 357-379. Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/gcr/vol4/iss3/4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18785/grr.0403.04 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Gulf and Caribbean Research by an authorized editor of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MlSSISSlPPl FLORA. I. MONOCOTYLEDON FAMILIES WITH AQUATIC OR WETLAND SPECIES: bY SAMUEL B. JONES, JR. Department of Botany The University of Georgia Athens, Georgia ABSTRACT Keys, distribution maps, habitats, references, nomenclature, and notes are given for some 16 families of monocotyledons occurring naturally or naturalized in Mississippi. These families all contain one or more species which are found in aquatic or wetland habitats. They are: Alismataceae, Araceae, Cannaceae, Haemodoraceae, Hydrocharitaceae, Juncaginaceae, Lemnaceae, Marantaceae, Mayacaceae, Najadaceae, Pontederiaceae, Potamogetonaceae, Rug piaceae, Sparganiaceae, Typhaceae, Zannichelliaceae. INTRODUCTION The primary aim of this paper is to improve our knowledge of the aquatic and wetland plants of Mississippi. In studying a number of families for the Mississippi Flora project, I became aware of the limited collections available for study of many aquatic and wetland species.
    [Show full text]
  • Full Article
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSERVATION SCIENCE ISSN: 2067-533X Volume 10, Issue 1, January-March 2019: 149-164 www.ijcs.uaic.ro AN INTEGRATED APPROACH CONCERNING FLORISTIC, PHYTOCOENOLOGICAL AND ORNITHOLOGICAL DIVERSITY ON SOMOVA-PARCHES LACUSTRINE COMPLEX: ASPECTS OF THEIR CONSERVATION Paul LUPOAE1*, Eliza TUPU1, Nicolae ONEA2, Gabriel MURARIU3, Lucian GEORGESCU3, Marian TUDOR4, Cătălina ITICESCU3, Mariana LUPOAE5 1 Natural Science Museum Complex-Botanical Garden, Regiment 11 Siret Street no. 6A, 800340, Galati Romania 2 Museum of Braila „Carol I”, Department of Natural Sciences, Aleea Parcului no.15, 810229, Braila, Romania 3 Dunarea de Jos University Galati, Faculty of Science and Environmental, Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Domneasca Street no. 47, 800008, Galati, Romania 4 Danube Delta National Institute for Research and Development, Babadag street no. 165, 820112, Tulcea, Romania 5 Dunărea de Jos University Galaţi, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Domneasca Street no. 47, 800008, Galati, Romania Abstract The aim of this study represents a complex approach regarding the analysis of the flora, aquatic and palustre vegetation as well as the diversity of nesting bird species on Somova- Parches Lacustrine Complex. Aquatic and palustre vegetation conveys 23 vegetation assemblages, five habitats of national interest, and three community habitats featuring a well- represented floristic (87 taxa) and cenotic structure. The amount of phytogeographic elements is conferred by Eurasian phytotaxa 50.7%, European and Central-European 5.7%, Nordic– Circumpolar 18.4% and Cosmopolitan 18.4%. Adventitious and Mediterranean elements comprise a scarce percentage, merely 1.1%. As regards vegetation diversity, there has as well been identified an ornithological fauna typical of the aquatic habitats existing within the study area.
    [Show full text]