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Abstract Papers Workshop on Philosophy & Engineering WPE2008 The Royal Academy of Engineering London November 10th-12th 2008 Supported by the Royal Academy of Engineering, Illinois Foundry for Innovation in Engineering Education (iFoundry), the British Academy, ASEE Ethics Division, the International Network for Engineering Studies, and the Society for Philosophy & Technology Co-Chairs: David E. Goldberg and Natasha McCarthy Deme Chairs: Igor Aleksander, W Richard Bowen, Joseph C. Pitt, Caroline Whitbeck Contents 1. Workshop Schedule p.2 2. Abstracts – plenary sessions p.5 3. Abstracts – contributed papers p.7 4. Abstracts – poster session p.110 1 Workshop Schedule Monday 10 November 2008 All Plenary sessions take place in F4, the main lecture room 9.00 – 9.30 Registration 9.30 – 9.45 Welcome and introduction of day’s theme(s) Taft Broome and Natasha McCarthy 09.45 – 10.45 Billy V. Koen: Toward a Philosophy of Engineering: An Engineer’s Perspective 10. 45 – 11.15 Coffee break 11. 15 – 12.45 Parallel session – submitted papers A. F1 Mikko Martela Esa Saarinen, Raimo P. Hämäläinen, Mikko Martela and Jukka Luoma: Systems Intelligence Thinking as Engineering Philosophy David Blockley: Integrating Hard and Soft Systems Maarten Frannsen and Bjørn Jespersen: From Nutcracking to Assisted Driving: Stratified Instrumental Systems and the Modelling of Complexity B. F4 Ton Monasso: Value-sensitive design methodology for information systems Ibo van de Poel: Conflicting values in engineering design and satisficing Rose Sturm and Albrecht Fritzsche: The dynamics of practical wisdom in IT- professions C. G1 Ed Harris: Engineering Ethics: From Preventative Ethics to Aspirational Ethics Bocong Li: The Structure and Bonds of Engineering Communities Priyan Dias: The Engineer’s Identity Crisis:Homo Faber vs. Homo Sapiens 12.45 – 14.00 Lunch 14. 00 – 15.30 Tutorials F1: Aarne Vesilind – Peace Engineering F4: Peter Kroes and Maarten Franssen – Sociotechnical Systems G1: Mark Somerville and Sarah Bell – Reflections on Engineering Education 15.30 – 16.00 Break 16.00 – 17.30 Jerome Ravetz: Maintenance as morality 17.30 – 19.30 Reception at the Royal Society Tuesday 11 November 2008 9.00 Coffee and tea 9.30 – 9.45 Welcome and introduction of day’s theme(s) Caroline Whitbeck 9.45 – 10.45 Deborah Johnson: An STS-Informed Account of Engineering Ethics 2 10.45 – 11.15 Coffee break 11.15 – 12.45 Parallel session D. F1 Neelke Doorn Ibo van de Poel: A Rawlsian Approach to Distribute Responsibilities in R&D Networks Michael Pryce: Descartes and Locke at the Drawing Board: Philosophies of Engineering Design Bruce Vojak, Raymond L. Price, Abbie Griffin: A Polanyian Perspective of Breakthrough Engineering Innovation E. F4 Aaron Sloman: Virtual Machines in Philosophy, Engineering and Biology Russ Abbott: Constructive Emergence: A Computer Scientist Looks at Philosophy Enrong Pan: A Philosophical Model of the Relationship between Structure and Function in Engineering Design F. G1 Rune Nydal: Normative cross-over terms - The ethos of an ultrasound screening programme Dingmar van Eck: On Engineering Meanings of Functional Decomposition Taft Broome: Metaphysics of Engineering II 12.45 – 14.00 Lunch 14.00 – 15.30 Tutorials F1. Igor Aleksander – Engineering Conscious Systems F4. Karen Tonso – Feminist issues in engineering G1. Peter Simons – Metaphysics in Engineering 15.30 – 16.00 Break 16.00 – 17.30 Parallel Session – submitted papers G. F1 Maria Eunice Gonzalez: Ethical implications of ubiquitous computation Viola Schiaffonati: From Philosophy of Science to Philosophy of Engineering: The Case of AI John R. Allen: Whither Software Engineering Ron Chrisley, Tom Froese and Adam Spiers: Engineering conceptual change: The Enactive Torch H. F4 Heinz C. Luegenbiehl: Dual Responsibilities: Balancing Employee and Engineering Considerations in Engineers’ Decision-Making Wybo Houkes and Auke Pols: Being in Control: Towards a Model of Rational Acceptance of Technology Hans Radder: Have we just moved into the age of technoscience? Diane Michelfelder: Artes Liberales and Ethics for Engineers I. G1 W Richard Bowen: Promoting a Culture of Peace within Engineering – Engineering for the Promotion of a Culture of Peace Darryl Farber: Philosophies of Sustainability and Engineering the Nuclear Fuel Cycle - Scenarios for the Future of Nuclear Power Behnam Taebi: Intergenerational future of nuclear power 17.30 – 19.30 Poster Session and wine reception (sponsored by the British Academy) 3 Wednesday 12 November 2008 9.00- 9.30 Tea and coffee 9.30 – 9.45 Welcome and introduction of day’s theme(s) Joe Pitt 09.45 – 10.45 Carl Mitcham: The Philosophical Weakness of Engineering as a Profession 10.45 – 11.15 Coffee Break 11.15 – 12:45 Parallel session – submitted papers J. F1 Michael Davis: Some Problems Defining Engineering—From Chicago to Shantou Peter Simons: Varieties of Parthood: Ontology learns from Engineering Joel Moses: Toward an Ontology for Systems-related Terms in Engineering and Computer Science K. F4 John Monk: Emotion, Engineering and Ethics Kieron O'Hara: The Technology of Collective Memory and the Normativity of Truth Taft Broome: Social Heuristics in Engineering L. G1 Sarah Bell, Joseph Hillier and Andrew Chilvers: Beyond the modern profession: rethinking engineering and sustainability Nicholas Mousilides: Reflections on Integrating Engineering Education within the Elementary School Curriculum Dave Goldberg: What Engineers Don’t Learn and Why They Don’t Learn It, and How Philosophy Might Be Able to Help 12.45 – 14.00 Lunch 14.00 – 15.30 Parallel Session – submitted papers M. F1 William Grimson: A systematic approach towards developing a Philosophy of Engineering Mo Abolkheir: The Five Epistemic Phases of Technological Inventions Caroline Whitbeck: Post-Enlightenment Philosophical Ethics and its Implications for Practical (and Professional) Ethics N. F4 Antonio Dias de Figueiredo: Toward an Epistemology of Engineering Oliver Parodi: Hydraulic Engineering Reflected in the Humanities Cao Nanyan and Su Junbin: Textual Research on Professional Awareness of Ethics in up- to-date Constitutions of Chinese (mainland) Engineering Public Organizations O. G1 Susanna Nascimento and Alexandre Pólvora: Hitches & Prospects: Outlining Portuguese Encounters of Philosophy, Sociology and Anthropology with Engineering Fotini Tsaglioti: ‘Steamy Encounters’: Bodies & Minds between Explosions & Automation Xiao Ping: Scanning Engineering Liabilities from the Perspective of Aggrieved Parties 15.30 – 16.30 Wrap-up session 16.30 Closing drinks 4 Invited Speakers’ Abstracts Billy V. Koen (University of Texas at Austin), author of Discussion of the Method: Conducting the Engineer’s Approach to Problem Solving. Toward a Philosophy of Engineering: An Engineer’s Perspective Abstract: If there is to be a Philosophy of Engineering, at the very least there must be an understanding of what the human activity we call engineering is. It is hard to see how a philosophy of anything could be developed when there is little understanding of what that anything is. PartI reprises an increasingly popular definition of engineering: “The engineering method (often called design) is the use of heuristics to cause the best change in an uncertain situation within the available resources.” Since this conference concerns engineering ethics as one branch of a Philosophy of Engineering, it also shows how ethics enters engineering practice theoretically and how this differs from the classical view of Plato. Likewise, an effort to establish a Philosophy of Engineering must be based on an understanding of what the human activity we call philosophy is. How can an individual philosophize without knowing what to philosophize means? As a direct consequence of Part I and a series of demonstrations of Godels proof, the EPR experiment, multiple logic systems, and so forth, a new definition of philosophy that is consistent with engineering emerges as “Philosophy is the study of the heuristic by heuristics. Part II examines this view of philosophy as it applies to a Philosophy of Engineering. Jerry Ravetz (Consultant & James Martin Institute, Oxford University), author of Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems and A No-Nonsense Guide to Science. Maintenance as Morality Abstract: Maintenance is a low-status activity, done by technical rather than professional staff, employing a different sort of knowledge, and not usually enjoying the attention of philosophers. Yet maintenance is a key indicator of the morality that defines a socio-technical system. Because it is easily deferred and neglected, it will be the first budget item to go; and then when the effects of poor maintenance appear, it is too late. When maintenance is downgraded, could we say that the socio- technical system gets the failures it deserves? Under what circumstances does maintenance receive proper respect? Deborah G. Johnson (University of Virginia), author of Computer Ethics and Ethical Issues in Engineering. An STS-Informed Account of Engineering Ethics Abstract: In the last several decades the field of Science and Technology Studies has flourished and developed a rich set of concepts and theories for understanding the relationships among science, technology, and society. Building on an earlier paper on the topic, this presentation will press further in drawing out the implications of STS accounts for our understanding of the social responsibilities and accountability of engineers. Carl A. Mitcham (Colorado School of Mines), author of Thinking through Technology: The Path between
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