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Louise FARRENC (1804–1875) Symphony No. 1 Overtures Grand Variations on a Theme by Count Gallenberg Jean Muller, Piano Solistes Européens, Luxembourg Christoph König Louise Farrenc (1804–1875) rhythmic ‘stutter’ at the very beginning already brings the dedicatee of the ‘Moonlight’ Sonata of 1802. As is so Symphony No. 1 • Overtures, Opp. 23 & 24 • Grand Variations on a Theme by Count Gallenberg hints of dark and momentous tragedy; its sudden often the case with sets of variations, there is nothing movement away from E flat to D major in the central particularly remarkable about Gallenberg’s original theme, Louise Farrenc (originally named Jeanne-Louise Dumont) Farrenc wrote her Symphony No. 1 in 1841, and two development section is as unexpected as it is effective. but it is what Farrenc does with it that is interesting. was born in Paris on 31 May 1804 into a highly artistic further symphonies in 1845 and 1847, and they can all be No less a figure than Berlioz was one of those who took Indeed, she wrote a large number of sets of variations, family. Both her father, Jacques-Edme Dumont, and her considered significant contributions to the symphonic note of her talent as an orchestrator in this work. including works on themes by Rossini, Bellini, Weber, brother, Auguste Dumont, were highly successful literature of this period. In fact, the third was a huge The Grand Variations on a Theme by Count Donizetti and Onslow. She used the form as a vehicle for sculptors, as their predecessors had also been. She success, its first performance at the Conservatoire in Gallenberg , written immediately after the Overture in E flat all the elegance and technical display of which she was became renowned throughout France and beyond as a 1849 being talked about for years afterwards. Her major , are rather different in character. Certainly they are capable – as one would expect of a work with the word pianist, teacher and composer, having studied piano husband was greatly supportive of her work, and dramatic, but their real objective is to provide a showcase ‘Grand’ in its title – but also once again discovered a rich initially with Cécile Soria (who had herself studied with endeavoured to have the symphonies performed in for the solo pianist’s virtuosity. Count Gallenberg (Wenzel seam of lyricism; in fact, this lyricism only increases as the Clementi), and later with Ignaz Moscheles and Johann Germany. The First Symphony certainly strongly Robert von Gallenberg, 1783–1839) was an Austrian variations reach their conclusion. Nepomuk Hummel. proclaims its ancestry in the German symphonic tradition, composer who specialised in ballet music, and who At the age of 15, she began to take composition especially Beethoven, and in fact the very beginning of married Beethoven’s pupil Countess Giulietta Guicciardi, Ivan Moody lessons, apparently unofficially, with the professor of the Andante sostenuto which opens the energetic first composition at the Paris Conservatoire, Anton Reicha movement brings him immediately to mind, but Farrenc (1770–1836), but on her marriage to her fellow student, was no mere imitator. This is music of tremendous the flautist Aristide Farrenc, two years later, gave up her accomplishment, with a clear sense of purpose, studies in order to travel round France giving concerts demonstrating not only a notable talent for orchestration with him. Tiring of this, they subsequently founded a but a very personal melodic style, most notably in the publishing house, Éditions Farrenc, which became one of second movement, Adagio cantabile , and the third, the o the best-known music publishers in France. They Menuetto Moderato . While the Finale is a fiery Allegro of Louise Farrenc (1804–1875): Symphonie n 1 produced 23 volumes of music for piano and harpsichord which Beethoven would certainly have been proud, the Ouvertures, Opp. 23 & 24 • Grandes Variations sur un thème du comte Gallenberg covering a vast chronological span, entitled Le Trésor des lyrical quality of her work is more suggestive of pianistes , and Farrenc also published an important book Mendelssohn, or Schumann (who was, in fact, a great Louise Farrenc (nommée à l’origine Jeanne-Louise une maison d’édition, les Éditions Farrenc, qui devint dealing with performing early music. She also resumed admirer of her piano music). Dumont) naquit à Paris le 31 mai 1804 dans une famille l’une des plus célèbres du pays. Ensemble, ils her studies with Reicha, and began touring as a virtuoso The Overtures , No. 1 in E minor and No. 2 in E flat particulièrement liée aux arts. Son père, Jacques-Edme produisirent une anthologie en 23 volumes de musique concert pianist. In 1842 she was appointed as professor major , were both written in 1834, and like the First Dumont, et son frère, Auguste Dumont, étaient tous deux pour piano et clavecin couvrant une large période of piano at the Paris Conservatoire, a position she held Symphony of seven years later, they are works of des sculpteurs de renom, tout comme l’avaient été leurs chronologique et intitulée Le Trésor des pianistes , et until 1873. She died in Paris on 15 September 1875. tremendous drama. Indeed, one can only imagine what prédécesseurs. Louise se fit connaître dans toute la France Louise publia également un important traité sur While Farrenc’s work as a composer suffered undue Farrenc might have achieved had she ever set herself to et au-delà comme pianiste, enseignante et compositrice, l’interprétation de la musique ancienne. Elle reprit aussi neglect for a considerable time after her death, and while writing an opera, so clearly does the (unknown) narrative après avoir étudié le piano avec Cécile Soria (qui avait elle- ses leçons avec Reicha et commença à effectuer des there is much still to be discovered about her life and come through. (She did, in fact, have ambitions to write même eu Clementi pour professeur), et par la suite avec tournées en tant que pianiste concertiste virtuose. En music, in recent years her compositions have come once an opera, but they came to nothing; the closest thing Ignaz Moscheles et Johann Nepomuk Hummel. 1842, elle fut nommée professeur de piano au again to be recognised and performed. Initially, she wrote surviving is a ‘ scène dramatique ’, Le Prisonnier de À l’âge de 15 ans, elle commença à prendre des Conservatoire de Paris et conserva ce poste jusqu’en only for piano, but she subsequently expanded her range guerre .) While, once again, there is no lack of lyricism in cours de composition, apparemment de manière 1873. Elle s’éteignit à Paris le 15 septembre 1875. considerably to include chamber and orchestral music. these Overtures , both works are swept along by the officieuse, avec Anton Reicha (1770–1836), qui Bien que le travail de compositrice de Louise Farrenc Her Nonet, Op. 38 , for wind and strings, brought her such composer’s formidable sense of the power of drama, enseignait au Conservatoire de Paris, mais quand elle ait été injustement négligé pendant très longtemps après recognition that she was able to demand that the Paris pitting different instrumental groups against each other épousa son camarade d’études le flûtiste Aristide Farrenc son décès, et même s’il y a encore beaucoup à découvrir Conservatoire pay her the same as her male colleagues. and demonstrating a sure instinct for exploiting textural deux ans plus tard, elle abandonna ses études afin de concernant sa vie et sa musique, depuis quelques She was twice awarded the Prix Chartier by the Académie contrasts. If anything, the Overture in E flat major moves sillonner la France pour donner des concerts à ses côtés. années, ses compositions sont de nouveau reconnues et des Beaux-Arts , in 1861 and 1869. even further in this direction than that in E minor ; the Une fois lassés de cette existence nomade, ils fondèrent exécutées. Au départ, elle écrivait uniquement pour le piano, mais elle élargit ensuite son champ d’action de resté en la matière est une « scène dramatique », Le Jean Muller manière très conséquente pour inclure de la musique de Prisonnier de guerre .) Ici encore, ces Ouvertures ne chambre et des œuvres orchestrales. Son Nonette, Op. manquent pas de lyrisme, mais toutes deux sont Photo: Kaupo Kikkas Jean Muller first performed on stage at the age of seven. He studied 38 pour cordes et vents lui valut un tel succès qu’elle se propulsées par le formidable sens de la puissance at the Conservatoire Ville de Luxembourg, as well as in Brussels, trouva en mesure d’exiger que le Conservatoire lui paie le dramatique de la compositrice, qui oppose différents Munich, Paris and Riga, receiving further advice from Leon Fleisher même salaire qu’à ses collègues masculins, et elle se vit groupes d’instruments les uns aux autres et fait preuve and János Starker among others. Muller has been awarded First décerner deux fois le Prix Chartier par l’Académie des d’un instinct très sûr à l’heure de tirer parti des contrastes Prizes at numerous international piano competitions. At age 19, he Beaux-Arts, d’abord en 1861 puis en 1869. de textures. On pourrait même dire que l’ Ouverture en mi became laureate of the prestigious Tribune internationale des Louise Farrenc écrivit sa Symphonie n° 1 en 1842, et bémol va encore plus loin dans cette direction que celle Jeunes Interprètes, and in 2004 he won the International Piano deux autres symphonies en 1845 et 1847, toutes trois en mi mineur : le « bégaiement » rythmique du tout début Competition Françis Poulenc by a unanimous vote of the jury, pouvant être considérées comme d’importants apports au augure de la sombre tragédie prête à frapper, et la winning all the available prizes.

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