The Effects of Combat Related Stress on Learning in an Academic Environment: a Qualitative Case Study

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Effects of Combat Related Stress on Learning in an Academic Environment: a Qualitative Case Study THE EFFECTS OF COMBAT RELATED STRESS ON LEARNING IN AN ACADEMIC ENVIRONMENT: A QUALITATIVE CASE STUDY By KEVIN PETER SHEA B.A., STONEHILL COLLEGE, 1971 M.A., CENTRAL MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY, 1978 AN ABSTRACT OF A DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF EDUCATION Department of Educational Leadership College of Education KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2010 Abstract This qualitative case study described the incidence of stress in the lives of Army officers, and its effect on their learning experiences at the Army‘s Command and General Staff College (CGSC). It described the experiences of officers who have completed multiple combat deployments and coped with the effects of combat related stress in an academic environment. The study further illuminated a number of issues surrounding combat related stress and learning, and framed them using the words of the eleven United States Army Command and General Staff College student participants. This qualitative case study combined the interviews of the eleven students with other members of the Fort Leavenworth, Kansas Army community to include an Army psychiatrist, a Department of Army civilian psychologist, a CGSC faculty focus group, and an Army chaplain. All of the Army officers in the study are combat veterans with an average of over 23 months of combat. This case study confirmed that being in an academic environment increased the stress levels of even combat veterans. This research further confirmed levels of anger, alcohol usage, and sleeplessness among CGSC students and its effect on their learning. It identified the impact of transitions, dual enrollment, and social functioning in family settings, as well as confirming that there is still a continued stigma associated with Soldiers seeking assistance for mental health. The stigma is exacerbated by inaccurate reporting and a culture that reflects a lack of support within certain levels of the service. This study contributes to the current body of knowledge and provides additional information and insights on the effects of combat related stress on learning. Finally, this study is relevant, germane, and timely given the number of Soldiers who have been repeatedly exposed to combat operations. This exposure to combat exponentially increases the incidence of combat related stress in their lives. THE EFFECTS OF COMBAT RELATED STRESS ON LEARNING IN AN ACADEMIC ENVIRONMENT: A QUALITATIVE CASE STUDY By KEVIN PETER SHEA B.A., STONEHILL COLLEGE, 1971 M.A., CENTRAL MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY, 1978 A DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF EDUCATION Department of Educational Leadership College of Education KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2010 Approved by: Major Professor Sarah Jane Fishback Copyright KEVIN PETER SHEA 2010 Abstract This qualitative case study described the incidence of stress in the lives of Army officers, and its effect on their learning experiences at the Army‘s Command and General Staff College (CGSC). It described the experiences of officers who have completed multiple combat deployments and coped with the effects of combat related stress in an academic environment. The study further illuminated a number of issues surrounding combat related stress and learning, and framed them using the words of the eleven United States Army Command and General Staff College student participants. This qualitative case study combined the interviews of the eleven students with other members of the Fort Leavenworth, Kansas Army community to include an Army psychiatrist, a Department of Army civilian psychologist, a CGSC faculty focus group, and an Army chaplain. All of the Army officers in the study are combat veterans with an average of over 23 months of combat. This case study confirmed that being in an academic environment increased the stress levels of even combat veterans. This research further confirmed levels of anger, alcohol usage, and sleeplessness among CGSC students and its effect on their learning. It identified the impact of transitions, dual enrollment, and social functioning in family settings, as well as confirming that there is still a continued stigma associated with Soldiers seeking assistance for mental health. The stigma is exacerbated by inaccurate reporting and a culture that reflects a lack of support within certain levels of the service. This study contributes to the current body of knowledge and provides additional information and insights on the effects of combat related stress on learning. Finally, this study is relevant, germane, and timely given the number of Soldiers who have been repeatedly exposed to combat operations. This exposure to combat exponentially increases the incidence of combat related stress in their lives. Table of Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ xi List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ xii Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................... xiii Dedication ..................................................................................................................................... xv Chapter 1 - Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 Background ................................................................................................................................. 7 Combat Stress ............................................................................................................................. 8 Statement of the Problem .......................................................................................................... 12 Purpose ...................................................................................................................................... 13 Research Questions ................................................................................................................... 14 Methodology ............................................................................................................................. 14 Significance of the Study .......................................................................................................... 15 Limitations of the Study ........................................................................................................... 17 Assumptions .............................................................................................................................. 18 Definitions of Terms ................................................................................................................. 18 Summary ................................................................................................................................... 19 Chapter 2 - Literature Review ....................................................................................................... 21 The Human Brain ...................................................................................................................... 21 Brain Anatomy .......................................................................................................................... 22 Stress and the Brain .................................................................................................................. 25 Stress and Soldiers .................................................................................................................... 27 Stress and PTSD ....................................................................................................................... 29 Combat Stress and Soldiers ...................................................................................................... 31 Stress and Other Professions ..................................................................................................... 33 Holmes-Rahe Stressful Life Events .......................................................................................... 34 Stress and Clinical Studies ........................................................................................................ 36 Stress and MRI .......................................................................................................................... 38 Work and Reasoning ................................................................................................................. 38 vi Clinical Tests of Stress with Non-Human Subjects .................................................................. 39 Fear and Stress .......................................................................................................................... 40 Memory and the Brain .............................................................................................................. 42 Stress Hormones and Learning ................................................................................................. 43 Stress and Allostatic Load ........................................................................................................ 44 Experience, Transitions, Transformation, and Cohorts ............................................................ 47 Summary ..................................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Tarpey TCCC AMEDDJ 2005-2
    April-June 2005 Perspective 1 MG George W. Weightman Managing the MC Through a Team Approach and the Balanced Scorecard 3 BG Eric B. Schoomaker The AMEDD Personnel Proponency Directorate/The Structure Models 9 R. Clare Layton AMEDD Continuum of Medical Education 12 COL John M. Powers, MC, USA The Medical Corps Assignment Process 16 COL Jonathan H. Jaffin, MC, USA, et al The Reduction of Unwarranted Clinical Practice Variation in the AMEDD 18 LTC William A. Rice, MC, USA Medical Management of Medical Holdover Patients 24 COL Michael A. Deaton, MC, USA Medical Ethics in Detainee/Enemy Prisoners of War Care 27 COL Gregg Anders, MC, USA The “Intentional” Officer 29 COL Chuck Callahan, MC, USA The Tactical Combat Casualty Care Transition Initiative 33 CAPT Frank K. Butler, Jr, MC, USN/COL John B. Holcomb, MC, USA Tactical Combat Casualty Care in Operation Iraqi Freedom 38 CPT Michael J. Tarpey, MC, USA Battlefield Tourniquets: Modern Combat Lifesavers 42 Thomas J. Walters, PhD, et al Laboratory Evaluation of the U.S. Army One-Handed Tourniquet 44 Joseph C. Wenke, PhD, et al Laboratory Evaluation of Battlefield Tourniquets in Human Volunteers 50 Thomas J. Walters, PhD, et al The Chitosan-Based Hemostatic Dressing: Experience in Current Combat Operations 58 LTC Ian Wedmore, MC, USA, et al Can We Provide Level III Damage Control Surgical Procedures at a Level II Facility? 62 LTC Lorne H. Blackbourne, MC, USA/COL John B. Holcomb, MC, USA GWOT: Assessment, Treatment, and Evacuation of Burn Trauma Casualties 66 LTC Evan M. Renz, MC, USA, et al Also in this issue…….
    [Show full text]
  • Winston-Salem News SATURDAY
    Winston-Salem News SATURDAY ENDURANCE RESULTS FUN GAMES TODAY The kudos, bragging rights, and Day two is all about fun. Beginning cash prizes go to: at 1pm today in the main hall, the fun games will be held in the • Fewest throws with three following order. Each new game objects: Andrew Ruiz will begin immediately after the • Club-passing endurance (eight end of the previous game. clubs or more): Florian & Michael Canaval 1. 3-ball Simon Says • 7-ball endurance: Doug Sayers 2. Club-balance endurance • One-devil stick propeller 3. 3-club Simon Says endurance: Dylan Waickman 4. Quarters juggling • 5-ring endurance: Doug Sayers 5. 2-diabolo combat • Cigar box takeout speed race: 6. Huggling endurance (by popular Adam Kuchler request!) • Five-club endurance: Daniel 7. 3-ball blind Ledel 8. Club collect* • 1-diabolo infinite suicide 9. Club combat* endurance: Ted Joblin 10. Volley club semi-finals and • 5-ball endurance: Jack Denger finals DJ TONIGHT! *Run at the same time (they’re Tonight from 8pm till midnight, going to need a lot of clubs). come to the “Renegade room” for a par-tay! We’ll have a DJ, and a BIG TOSS UP cash bar until 12. Bring glow props After the games, bring your props if you want to rave it up, or leave to the main gym, where the IJA your toys and come dance the night will take an awesome photo of tons away. of stuff in the air. We suggest ducking before it all comes down. PEOPLE’S CHOICE Voting stays open till 2pm, and the The average two-year-old child is winner will be announced half of his or her adult height.
    [Show full text]
  • Union Calendar No. 603
    Union Calendar No. 603 110TH CONGRESS " ! REPORT 2d Session HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 110–930 ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS FIRST AND SECOND SESSIONS 2007–2008 Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.gpoaccess.gov/congress/ index.html http://www.house.gov/reform JANUARY 2, 2009.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed VerDate Aug 31 2005 01:57 Jan 03, 2009 Jkt 046108 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6012 Sfmt 6012 E:\HR\OC\HR930.XXX HR930 smartinez on PROD1PC64 with REPORTS congress.#13 ACTIVITIES REPORT OF THE HOUSE COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM VerDate Aug 31 2005 01:57 Jan 03, 2009 Jkt 046108 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6019 Sfmt 6019 E:\HR\OC\HR930.XXX HR930 smartinez on PROD1PC64 with REPORTS with PROD1PC64 on smartinez 1 Union Calendar No. 603 110TH CONGRESS " ! REPORT 2d Session HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 110–930 ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS FIRST AND SECOND SESSIONS 2007–2008 Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.gpoaccess.gov/congress/ index.html http://www.house.gov/reform JANUARY 2, 2009.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 46–108 WASHINGTON : 2009 VerDate Aug 31 2005 01:57 Jan 03, 2009 Jkt 046108 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4012 Sfmt 4012 E:\HR\OC\HR930.XXX HR930 smartinez on PROD1PC64 with REPORTS congress.#13 COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM HENRY A.
    [Show full text]
  • CONGRESS SUMMARY REPORT May 13-16, 2014 | Miami, Florida
    CONGRESS SUMMARY REPORT May 13-16, 2014 | Miami, Florida CONVENED BY IN ASSOCIATION WITH CONTENTS Organizing and Program Commitee 1-2 Members 3-4 Overview 2014 Congress 6 Features 2014 Congress 7-8 Statistics Student 9 Reflections Value of 10 ISCMR Partnership 2014 Congress 11 Fact Sheet Plenary 12-26 Sessions Sponsors 29 & Exhibitors All quotations in this summary have been taken from the congress evaluations completed by the attendees. The New Investigator’s Luncheon was one of the most exciting experiences that a trainee could have had, especially for those just starting their careers in this life-long journey of research. The advice of world-renown leading senior researchers was truly helpful and will be remembered in times of hardships that may come in the future. Thank you!!! Organizing Committee Adi Haramati, PhD Mary Jo Kreitzer, PhD, RN Organizing Committee, Co-Chair Fundraising Committee, Co-Chair Georgetown University School of University of Minnesota, USA Medicine, USA Robert Saper, MD, MPH Adam Perlman, MD, MPH Organizing Committee, Co-Chair Fundraising Committee, Co-Chair Boston University School of Medicine, USA Duke University, USA Judith Balk, MD, MPH, FACOG Choi Seung-hoon, PhD, KMD Communications Committee Chair 2015 ICCMR Site Host Temple University School of Medicine, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Korea West Penn Allegheny Health System, USA Margaret Chesney, PhD Samantha Simmons, MPH Vice Chair, Consortium of Academic Local Site Committee, Chair Health Centers, USA Oregon Health Sciences University, USA David
    [Show full text]
  • The Juggler of Notre Dame and the Medievalizing of Modernity VOLUME 6: WAR and PEACE, SEX and VIOLENCE
    The Juggler of Notre Dame and the Medievalizing of Modernity VOLUME 6: WAR AND PEACE, SEX AND VIOLENCE JAN M. ZIOLKOWSKI To access digital resources including: blog posts videos online appendices and to purchase copies of this book in: hardback paperback ebook editions Go to: https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/822 Open Book Publishers is a non-profit independent initiative. We rely on sales and donations to continue publishing high-quality academic works. THE JUGGLER OF NOTRE DAME VOLUME 6 The Juggler of Notre Dame and the Medievalizing of Modernity Vol. 6: War and Peace, Sex and Violence Jan M. Ziolkowski https://www.openbookpublishers.com © 2018 Jan M. Ziolkowski This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0). This license allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the work; to adapt the work and to make commercial use of the work providing attribution is made to the author (but not in any way that suggests that he endorses you or your use of the work). Attribution should include the following information: Jan M. Ziolkowski, The Juggler of Notre Dame and the Medievalizing of Modernity. Vol. 6: War and Peace, Sex and Violence. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2018, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0149 Copyright and permissions for the reuse of many of the images included in this publication differ from the above. Copyright and permissions information for images is provided separately in the List of Illustrations. Every effort has been made to identify and contact copyright holders and any omission or error will be corrected if notification is made to the publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • Forward March: Moving Families Forward During Challenging Times
    Second Annual Photos.com forward march: Moving Families Forward During Challenging Times In affiliation with Duke University Medical Center Part of the NC AHEC Program OUR SPONSORS Ms. Bea’s Child Care Center www.childcarenetwork.net 1-866-521-KIDS EXHIBITORS United Way of Cumberland County Army Community Service (ACS) Give an Hour Junior League of Fayetteville FirstHealth of the Carolinas Duke University - Evidence Based Practice Implementation Center Thank You to Our Hosts In affiliation with Duke University Medical Center Part of the NC AHEC Program Important Information Credit Americans with Disabilities Act 0.8 CEUs will be awarded to participants who attend 100% of this No individual with a disability is excluded, segregated or otherwise program. Southern Regional AHEC adheres to NBCC Continuing treated differently from any other individual. If you need any of Education Guidelines, Provider #5362 (8.0 Contact Hours). This the auxiliary aids or services identified by the Americans With program will provide 8.0 contact hours (category A) continuing Disabilities Act of 1990 in order to attend this program, please education credit to NC Psychologists. call (910) 678-7241. Questions and Suggestions Our Promise To You For information regarding program registration, please call Southern Regional AHEC strives to offer the highest quality (910) 678-7226. For questions regarding educational content educational programming. If, for any reason, this program does or professional credit, please contact John Bigger, MS, LPC, not meet your needs, please let us know. We value your feedback Administrator of Mental Health Continuing Education at Southern and will resolve the issue to your satisfaction.
    [Show full text]
  • Professional Juggling Equipment
    Professional Juggling Equipment GB 2013 D Content Clubs 4 Diabolos 24 Fire 40 Juggling Balls 46 Juggling Props 50 Yo-Yos 56 Fon ++49 (0) 721-7 83 67-61|62|63 Öffnungszeiten/Working hours Henrys GmbH Fax ++49 (0) 721-7 83 67 77 In den Kuhwiesen 10 E-mail [email protected] 9.15 - 16.00 D-76149 Karlsruhe, Germany Internet www.henrys-online.de 9.15 - 14.00 Freitag/Friday 3 The Colorful World of Clubs Large color selection of handles, Knobs & Tops. Design your personal club. In the beginning ... ... it was pure joy and enthusiasm for juggling, and also the desire to do some useful work. Meanwhile Henrys has been setting standards in the production of precise and durable high-quality juggling The Colorful articles for about 25 years. Lots of innovations and product improvements in the field of juggling World of Clubs are based on our developments. If we are today ranking among the leading manufacturers of juggling articles in the world, this is due to the fact that we have preserved our idealism. Useful working does also mean working environmentally conscious and sustainable. All our products are mainly focussing on functionality and quality. Regardless of a general trend to manufacture abroad for reasons of cost and others, we are still trying to produce as many parts as possible in our own factory. Over the years we have therefore continuously been expanding our production lines. Today we have the latest injection and blow-moulding technologies as well as lathes, milling- and punching machines at our disposition.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Example Activities List
    Example 1st Prime Example 2nd Prime Example 3rd Prime Aerial Adventures Aerial Adventures Aerial Adventures The Climb Prime -indoor rock climbing gym Amusement Park -outdoor course Thrill Seekers- outdoor course Circus Circus Circus Acro Act Aerial Act Doubles Trapeze Act Fly Team Bike Act Fly Team Hand-balancing Act Fly Team Hammock Act Juggling, Poi, Diabolo & Balance Act Silks Act Hula Hoop Act Lyra Act Static Trapeze Act Mini-Tramp Act Mini Rig Trapeze Dance Dance Spanish Web Act Unicycle Act Advanced Hip-Hop Beginner Jazz - Dance Pavilion Caribbean Dance Contemporary / Lyrical - Dance Studio Dance Yoga Dance Concept Video Advanced Jazz Digital Arts Digital Arts Beginner / Intermediate Hip-Hop Theater Dance Moviemaking Advanced Moviemaking Slideshow ILC TV Digital Arts Video Editing Moviemaking Claymation Extreme Sports Extreme Sports DIGI Adventures ILC TV Adv/Int Skateboarding/BMX/Scooter Beginner Skateboarding/BMX/Scooter Photoshop Fine Arts Fine Arts Film Photo & Darkroom (Basics) Candle Making Extreme Sports Jewelry Ceramics for Elkview Open Park Junk Art Painting & Drawing Fine Arts Set Design Printmaking Ceramics for Lakeside Stained Glass - Lakeside Only Magic Film Photo Advanced Magic Advanced Magic - by Audition Fimo Beginner Magic Journal Making Nature Nature Knitting The Nature Prime! Stained Glass - Lakeside Only Chickens, gardening & nature creations RPG Magic RPG Camp Myth RPG for Elkview Stage Illusion Workshop Board & Card Games Dungeons and Dragons Rocketry Nature Sound City The Walking Dead RPG - Lakeside Archery
    [Show full text]
  • Addicted to Ball and Club Juggling        
    Addicted to Ball and Club Juggling -A guide to improve your juggling- Addicted to Ball and Club Juggling Book 1: Two hands 2 Preface................................................................................................... Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. Structure of the book ............................................................................. Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. Part 1: A juggling course...................................................Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. Topic 1: General stuff ........................................................Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. General working advise.......................................................................... Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. Practical training advise ......................................................................... Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. Advise on buying and using juggling props........................................... Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. Conventions ........................................................................................... Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. Games .................................................................................................... Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. Topic 2: Enlarge your skill, improve your technique .....Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. Training advise ..................................................................................... Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd.
    [Show full text]
  • A Dissertation Entitled Distance Learning During Combat Deployment
    A Dissertation entitled Distance Learning During Combat Deployment: A National Exploratory Study of Factors Affecting Course Completion by Ann F. Trettin Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Higher Education _________________________________________ David Meabon, PhD, Committee Chair _________________________________________ Judy Lambert, PhD, Committee Member _________________________________________ Ronald Opp, PhD, Committee Member _________________________________________ Jennifer Reynolds, PhD, Committee Member _________________________________________ Amanda Bryant-Friedrich, PhD, Dean College of Graduate Studies The University of Toledo May 2017 Copyright 2017, Ann F. Trettin This document is copyrighted material. Under copyright law, no parts of this document may be reproduced without the expressed permission of the author. An Abstract of Distance Learning During Combat Deployment: A National Exploratory Study of Factors Affecting Course Completion by Ann F. Trettin As partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Higher Education The University of Toledo May 2017 This study explored multiple factors related to the distance learning experiences of soldier-students who engaged in distance learning while deployed to a combat area. Data was gathered from 144 participants who completed an online questionnaire. Fifty- two factors potentially affecting the dependent variable of course completion were examined through a systems theory lens at the macro, mezzo, and micro levels. Nearly all factors found to have significant differences in those soldier-students who completed their distance learning course and those who did not complete their course were found in the higher education domain at the mezzo and micro levels. These factors included the Instructor behaviors of frequent contact and flexibility, student satisfaction, and program completion.
    [Show full text]
  • BBYO Int'l Convention Hadassah Grapples with Key Issues
    Non-Profit Organization U.S. Postage E PAID Norwich, CT 06360 Permit #329 TH RETURN TO: 28 Channing St., New London, CT 06320 Serving The Jewish Communities of Eastern Connecticut & Western R.I. CHANGE SERVICE REQUESTED VOL. XLII NO. 4 PUBLISHED BI-WEEKLY WWW.JEWISHLEADERWEBPAPER.COM FEBRUARY 19, 2016/10 ADAR I 5776 NEXT DEADLINE FEB. 26, 2016 16 PAGES HOW TO REACH US - BY PHONE 860-442-8062 • BY FAX 860-443-4175 • BY EMAIL [email protected] • BY MAIL: 28 CHANNING STREET, NEW LONDON, CT 06320 Scalia: conservative icon on the court Forging a shared society By Allison Kaplan Sommer, Haaretz passports instead of “Jerusalem.” The State De- ohammad he is, as he puts it, a The late Justice Antonin Scalia, weighing on partment had fought the law fiercely, defending Darawshe, child of both iden- one of his final Supreme Court cases, made it its passport policy as necessary to maintain a MD i r e c t o r tities. In his talk, quite clear where he stood on the issue of Jeru- U.S. position of neutrality on the question of Je- of Planning, Equal- Mohammad will salem as Israel’s capital. rusalem’s sovereignty. ity & Shared Society bring an authentic When the ruling in In the oral arguments that preceded the rul- at the Givat Haviva perspective and Zivotofsky v. Kerry was ing, Scalia’s political leanings were evident in Center will come to knowledge of the issued last June, Scalia his statements from the bench. Opposition to Eastern Connecticut realities in Israel made the unusual move putting “Israel” on passports does not imply prior to address- coupled with the of reading his dissent- sovereignty, he said, addressing Zivotofsky’s ing the AIPAC 2016 actual progress ing opinion out loud in attorney, it “just has an effect on the State De- Policy Conference in toward the goal of court - a sign to court- partment’s desire to to make nice with the Pal- Washington DC.
    [Show full text]
  • Diablo (4PDF) Manual
    Blizzard Entertainment P. O. Box 18979 Irvine, CA 92623 Copyright © 1996 by Blizzard Entertainment The software and the manual are copyrighted. All rights reserved. They may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form without prior consent, in writing, from Blizzard Entertainment. The user of this product shall be entitled to use the product for his or her own use, but shall not be entitled to sell or transfer reproductions of the software or manual to other parties in any way, nor to rent or lease the product to others without permission from Blizzard Entertainment. Diablo and Battle.net are trademarks and Blizzard Entertainment is a registered trademark of Davidson and Associates, Inc. Uses Smacker Video Technology, Copyright © 1994 by Invisible Inc. d.b.a. RAD Software Blizzard Entertainment P.O. Box 18979 Irvine, CA 92623 (800) 953-SNOW Direct Sales (949) 955-0283 International Direct Sales (949) 955-0157 Technical Support Fax (949) 955-1382 Technical Support (900) 370-SNOW Blizzard Hint Line http://www.blizzard.com World Wide Web [email protected] Online Technical Support The Initiate Which way is the right path, as I stand upon this chaotic crossroad of hate… How many ways are there to roam on this dark and damned road of Fate… “There are many ways, my son, to find where the souls of Demons remain… But it takes only one second of despair and of doubt until at last, your soul, they will gain… Inherit these lands, these things, these dreams that are yours, forever, to adore… For there is no life, in the depths of chaos, my son, for you to explore…” C.
    [Show full text]