Bone Fractures

PowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College

The Skeletal System

5 PART B

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bone Fractures . Fracture—break in a bone . Types of bone fractures . Closed (simple) fracture—break that does not penetrate the skin . Open (compound) fracture—broken bone penetrates through the skin . Bone fractures are treated by reduction and immobilization

Table 5.2

. Hematoma (blood-filled swelling) is formed . Break is splinted by fibrocartilage to form a callus . Fibrocartilage callus is replaced by a bony callus . Bony callus is remodeled to form a permanent patch

Hematoma External Bony callus callus of spongy bone Internal callus New (fibrous Healed blood fracture tissue and vessels cartilage) Spongy bone trabecula Hematoma Fibrocartilage Bony callus Bone remodeling formation callus formation formation

Figure 5.5

Hematoma

Hematoma formation

Figure 5.5, step 1

Hematoma External callus

Internal callus New (fibrous blood tissue and vessels cartilage) Spongy bone trabecula Hematoma Fibrocartilage formation callus formation

Figure 5.5, step 2

Hematoma External Bony callus callus of spongy bone Internal callus New (fibrous blood tissue and vessels cartilage) Spongy bone trabecula Hematoma Fibrocartilage Bony callus formation callus formation formation

Figure 5.5, step 3

Figure 5.5, step 4

. Forms the longitudinal axis of the body . Divided into three parts . Skull . Vertebral column . Bony thorax

Figure 5.6a

Figure 5.6b

. Two sets of bones . Cranium . Facial bones . Bones are joined by sutures . Only the mandible is attached by a freely movable joint

Figure 5.7

Figure 5.8

Figure 5.9

Figure 5.11

. Hollow portions of bones surrounding the nasal cavity . Functions of paranasal sinuses . Lighten the skull . Give resonance and amplification to voice

Figure 5.10a

Figure 5.10b

. The only bone that does not articulate with another bone . Serves as a moveable base for the tongue . Aids in swallowing and speech

Figure 5.12