3108 CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-SENATE. FE~RUARY" 19,
1660. By 1\fr. WINSLO'V: Petition of 23 citizens of Worcester, 1682. Also, petition of Paul Schulze Baking Co., Chicago, ill., 1\Iass., .fo:r the support of House bill No. 1112; to the Committee urging the passage of the Gronna bill, terminating the wheat on the Judiciar~. guaranty period; to the Committee on Ways and Means. 1661. By Mr. YATES : Petition of J. 1\1. Ocheltree and others of 1683. Also, petition of Tonk Manufacturing Co., urging the / Homer, Ill., urging universal military training; to the Com passage of House bill 10650, and opposing House bill 10615, be Dlittee on Military Affairs. lieving it would be unfair to establish furniture factories in ~662. Also petition of furniture and casket manufacturers of Federal prisons; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Chicago protesting against House bill 10615 ; to the Committee 1684. Also, petition of the Moline Branch National AS O· on the Judiciary. elation for the Advancement of the Colored People. r pre 1663. Also, petition of C. F. Wolff & Son. of Chicago, protesting sentillg 250 citizens of Rock Island, urging the passage of the against legislation favoring labor organizations; to the Com Dyer bill, or some legislation on lynchings; to the Committee mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. .on the Judiciary. 1664. Also, petition of Belden l\lanufacturin_g Co., of Chicago, Ill., urging legislation preventing strikes, in the present railroad bill; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. SENATE. 1665. Also., petition of l\Ianz Engraving Co., by F. D. Mont gomery, secretary, urging the inclusion of the antistrike clause in THURSDAY, February 19, 19~0. the Cummins bill; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. (Legislative day of Wednesday, Februa'ry 18, 1920.) 1666. Also, petition of Baltimore Board of Trade, Baltimore, The Senate met at 12 o'clock noon, on the expiration of the 1\Id., urging a fixed rate of return to the railroads of 5! per cent recess. ~s provided by section 6 of the Cummins bill; to the Committee Mr. SMOOT. Mr. President, I suggest the absence of a on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. quorum. 1667. Also, petition of Cole Manufacturing Co., Chicago, IlL, The VICE PRESIDENT. The Secretary will can the roll. urging the passnge of the antistrike provision in the railroad The roll was called, and the following Senators answered bill; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. to their names : · 1668. Also, petition of Stewart Warner Speedometer Corpora Ashurst Gay Knox Pomerene tion, Chicago, Ill., urging the return of the railroads to their Ball ~re . Lenroot Ran dell owne1·s; also favor the antistrike provisions in the railroad bill; Beckham Gronna Lodge Sheppard to the Committee on Interstate "8lld Foreign Commerce. Brandegee Hale McKellar Sherman • Capper Harris McLean Smith, Ga. 1669. Also, petition of George D. Roper Corporation, Rockford, Chamberlain Harrison McNary Smith, Md. TIL, protesting against Hou e bill 10543, but approve tl].e adop Colt Henderson Moses Smoot Culberson Hitchcock Nelson Spencer tion of certain changes set forth by the National Associaqon of Cummins · Johnson, Calif. New Sterling Railway and Utilities Commissioners; to the Committee on In Curtis Jones, N.Mex. Norris Sutherland terstate and Foreign Commerce. Dial Jones, Wash. Nugent Thomas 1670. Also, petition of Interstate Iron & Steel Co., Chicago, Dillingham Kellogg Overman Trammell Elkins Kendrick Page Walsh, Mont. Ill., urging the restoration of carriers to private control; to the Fernald Kenyon Phelan Warren Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Fletcher Keyes Phipps Williams 1~7t. Also, petition of David 1\I. Yates, 121 North State France King Pittman Wolcott . Street, Chicago, ru.L urging the passage of the antistrike pro Frelinghuysen Kirby Poindexter visions contained in the railroad bill; to the Committee on In 1\fr. DIAL. I desire to announce that the Senator from South terstate and Foreign Commerce. Carolina [Mr. SMITH] is detained by illness. I ask that this 1672. Also, petition of the Heppes Nelson Roofing Co., 4500 noti~e may continue during the day. Fillmore Street, Chicago, TIL, urging the return of the railroads Mr. GRONNA. I wish to announce that the Senator from to their owners by March 1 ; to the Committee on Interstate and Wisconsin [Mr. LA FoLLETTE] is absent, due to illness. I ask Forclgn Commerce. that this announcement may stand for the day. 1673. Also, petition of Altorfer Bros. Oo., Peoria, Ill., protest . Mr. McKELLAR. The Senator from Virginia [Mr. SwANSON] ~ ing against House billl-0453 ; also against the creation of a trans is detained by illness in his family. portation board; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign The Senator from Rhode Island [Mr. GEBBY] is detaineu at Commerce. home by illness. · . 1674. Also, I>etition of Chamber of .Commerce, Danville, Ill., The Senator from Virginta [Mr. ·GLAss], the Senator from urging the ratification of the peace treaty at once, with such res Arkansas [Mr. RoBINSON], the ::;enator from North Carolina ervations as will fully safeguard every fundamental principle of [Mr. SIMMONS], the Senator from Kentucky [Mr. STANLEY], and. the Government of the United States; to the Committee on For· the Senator- from Massachusetts [Mr. WALSH] are absent on eign Affairs. official business. ' 1675. Also, petition of 40 Spanish War Veterans. of the Sol The VICE PRESIDENT. Sixty-seven Senators have answered Uiers' Home, Tenn., urging the pensioning of Spanish War vet to the roll call. There is a quorum present. The Senate re erans suffering from tuberculosis, making the rate $80, the same sumes the consideration of House bill12046, the deficiency appro· as given the 'Vorld War veterans for tuberculosis; to the Com priation bill, and the Senator from Illinois [Mr. SHERMAN] is mittee on Pensions. entitled to the floor. 1676. Also, petition of Chicago, Mihvaukee & St. Paul Rail 1\fr. 'VARREN. 'Vill the Senator from Illinois yield to me road urging the passage of Senate bill 2232 and House bill 6649, for a moment until I present a matter? providing a national public works department; to the Committee 1\fr. SHERMAN. Certainly. on Expenditures in the Interior Department. ENFORCEMENT OF PROHIBITION, 1677. Also, petition of Rotary Club of Canton, ill., urging the Mr. WARREN. Mr. President, as the committee was about to passage of universal training bill; to the Committee on Military close its labors upon the pending deficiency appropriation bill, Affairs. and after we had agreed to a proposed appropriation of $1,000,000 1678. Also, petition of Lieut. Reed G. Landis, aviator, New placed in the bill by the Hous~ to guard the 59,000,000 gallons York, urging separate air service, headed by Cabinet officer, con and more of whisky that ru·e held in the possession of the trolling all governmental and regulating .safety of civilian avia manufacturers, and we had also added a new item of $1,000 , ~ tion, maintenance of large merchant air marines as "Qest possible for the Customs Service, to protect the borders of our count_ri1 preparedness for defense; to the Committee on Military .Affail·s. against incon;t~g whisky, tflere came an estimate with a pro· 1679. ·Also, petition of Cairo Retail Merchants' Association, posed amendment from the Secretary of the Treasury which, of Cairo, Ill., urging the passage of the Dia~-Madden bills; also while it covered the appropriation of $1,000,000 already included opposing the efforts of magazine publishers to secure repeal of in the bill, was not a real esti~at~ for f:tO item of appropliation,_ zone-system law; to the· Committee on the Post Office and Post but;, a matter of legislation covering a large number of pages. RM~ . It starts in and provides for the handling and disposition of the 168!). Also, petition of Clinton Commercial Club, Clinton, Ill., whisky. It provides for the buying of land an(l the building urgirig the defeat of the .efforts o.f publishers to repeal the. zone of storehouses. It provides for guarding the pre ent storehouses system bill; to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads. where· the whisky is held in bond. It provides for the collec 1681. Also, petition of Col. J. R. Lindsay, Forty-seco~d In tiQD of "the ~ustoms whe~ the whisky is taken out for sale. It fantry, Camp Upton, N. Y., urging .the passage of tb.e bill giv provides how it shall be sold and it carries penalties up to 5 or ing inc~~ase of pay to officers and privates of the Army, Navy, 10 years~ i~prisonment, and so forth. It provides for bottling and_Marin ,e Corps; to the Committee on NavaLA:ffairs.. . plants at the various places so that it can be bottled and sold. .:
1920. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 3109
So the committee did not insert the matter in the pending ap system of espionage that is scarcely worth~· of the Federal Gov propriation bill, but I haye puf it in the form of a bill for ernment. . I know that im appropriation was made heretofore for regular legislation, lealing out the appropriation feature. . I now the enforcement of the act, and I can not understand the neces introduce the bill .and ask that it may go to the Committee on sity of these extensive appropriations. Finance, which has handled all matters of internal reyenue with Mr. WARREN. Two million dollars was -appropriated in the relation to whisky. I ask that committee and the members original act, but when we undertake to carry out this laudable present that the bill may har-e early attention. purpose and make this country a prohibition country, which I The bill ( S. 3937) for the enforcement of the national pro hope can- be effected, it will be $50,000,000 or more a year, hibition act by establishing and maintaining GoYernment ware instead of $1,2,000,000, as the Senator will of course ascertain. houses, and for other purposes, was read twice by its title. It may not last long ; we may be able to soon kill out all the l\1r. KING. I inquire of the Senator from Wyoming, in Yiew seeds of this great curse, but it will take much money. The ·of the first statement' which he made as to the character of this legislation has been passed ; it comes before the Committee on proposed legislation and in view of the .fact that the other legis Appropriations as a demand from the country, and w·e must lation we have ha . 3110 - CONGRESSION;AL RECORD_-SENATE. FEBRUARY 19, case, however, ba been .called to my attentton as well -as to He al~o presented memorials of the Federated Trades Council the attention of .ot11er Senators. The building is a bonded ware- <>f ~eading; of L?cal Union No. 17166, Cigar Factory Tobacco · house in which liquor is stored, and the <>wner ean not give Strippers of .America. of Reading; of Local Union No . .236 Cigar- title to his property so long as the liquor remains there. makers' International Union of .America, of Reading; 'of the n.A.NK oF ARMY oFFICERs (S. noc. NO.· 227). Central Trades and Labor Council of .Allentown· of the United The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica- Tr~des C~mncil Gf Brownsville;:; and of Local Union No. 1134., tion from the Secretary of War, transmitting, in response to a Uruted 1\Iine 'Yorkers of Am~nca, of Grassftat, all in the State resolution ot the 4th instant, certain information relative to the . of Pennsylv~a, r~onst:ating .against the passage of the so policy of the General Staff of the War Department with respect called Sterlin., sedition b1ll, which were o1·dered to lie on the to the demotion of officers of the Regular Army, etc., which, table. with the accompanying papers, was referred to the Committee lULLS iiNTRODUCED. on Militar.y Affairs and ordered to be printed. Bills were introduced~ read the first time ana by unanimous MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. consent, the second tlme, and referred as follows; A message from the House .of Representatives, by D. K. Hemp By Mr. PITTMAN: . .A bill ( S. 3~38) for the relief of Annie H. l\fartin ; to the Com stead, its enrolling cle-rk, announced that the House bad passed mittee on Clrums. the following bill~ in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate: By Mr. W .ATSON: H. R. 10072. An act to provide for the .Punishment of officers A bi!I ( S. 393~) for the relief of Milton B. Hoffman .; to the of United States courts wrongfully converting moneys coming Comrmttee on Post Offices and Post Roads. · into their possession, and for other purposes; and By Mr. JONES of Washington: · H. R.l2486. .An act authorizing the several district courts -of A bill (~. 3940) granting a pension to Anna W. Udcll (''.vitb accompanymg papeTs); to the. Committee on Pensions. . the United States to appoint official stenographers, and pre By Mr. FLETCHER: scribing their duties and compensation. The message also annotmced that the Spe.aker of the House A bill (S. 3941) for the relief of the owners of the dredo-e had signed the following enrolled bills, and they were thereupon Mat-yland~· to the Committee on Claims. o Signed by the Vice President: DEVELOPMENT OF .AGRICUT.TURAL RESOURCES. S. 3202. An 11ct granting leave of absence to officers -of the Mr. FLETCHE~. I introduce a bill to eneoura:ge the - 1'920. CONGRESSIONAL !RECORD-BENATE. 3111 HOUSE . BILLS REFERRED. was defeated 'by ·about 7,000 votes ·on the face of the returns. The following ·bills were each read twice by their titles ·and The exemption of the 'Only man of military age in his family was referred to the Committee on the "Judiciary: an issue in that c·ampaign and was a vital factor in his defeat. · H. R. 12486. An act authorizing the several IDStrict courts of It is ·charged that $178,000 was spent in the campaign in 1\licl.li the United States-to appoint official stenographers, and prescrib gan by the Republican candidate. Probably the truth, when ing their duties and compensation; and known upon a hearing of the evidence, will disclose that the H. R. 10072. An act to·provide for the punishment of officers money was spent by the Republican State cenb.·al committee of of United States ·courts wrongfully converting moneys coming the State of Michigan. It was a legitimate expenditure. I haYe into their possession, and for other purposes. as much right to pass u_pon that question here as has Judge Ses DEFICIENCY APPROPRIATIONS. sions, who is presiding in the trial on the indictment in which the same questien is involved. It is within .my jurisdiction as The Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, resumed the con the trial of the ~dictment is within his. It is strictly my 1·ight sideration of the bill (H. R. 12046) making appropriations to here in this Chamber to comment on the action of the Depart supply deficiencies in appropriations ior the iiscal year .ending ment of Justice in thrusting itself into a contest lawfully pend June 30, 1920, and prior :fiscal years, and for other purposes. ing in this Senate .to llinder and embarrass, to prejudge and pre TVed1~esday, Febr·uary 18, 1920. determine the hearings here by an .abuse of the powers of the Attorney General 'Of the United States. Such interference is Mr. SHERMAN. 1\Ir. President, I should like to be heard now flolely a political act. It is a Senator's duty to comment on on the committee amendment, which seeks to appropriate such a brazen partisan {!Ontempt of .the Senate. The immunity $3,500,000 for the care and custody of the draft records. In the given a Senator in this OhamiJer is coeval with and as exclusive line of economy, there is no such thing as economy in a deficiency as the judicial immunity extended to J.udge Ses ions. Congress appropriation biU-- is-within its domain as sacred from assault as other departments. Mr. WARREN. Mr. President, I do not wish 'to interrupt The Democratic State central committee of the State of the Senator's thought, of course, but this is not an appropriation. Michigan spent as much or more money in the same campaign rt is in the line of economy, because it provides 'to have certain for :Henry Ford, 1;4e sire of this distinguished military slacker, work done with money ah·eady appropriated. It is simply a the scion and $150,000-a-year official of the Ford Motor Co. 1t different division of it, I will say to the Senator. was spent ·on his hehalf by the ·State central committee, and 'Mr. . SHERl\IAN. There is no real useful purpose in trans Henry Ford knew as much about it as the Senator from Michigan ferring any part af this $3,500,000 appropriation, if the record is :who has been .indicted because it is alleged and must ·be proven to be sealed to Members of the legislative body permitting the that h~ .had guilty ·lmowledge of the excess above that authorized transfer of the fund. If it is to be open ·to all other officials bY law. =Mr. 'Ford knew as much of the activities and expenseg and is to be denied to Members .of Congress it is a mere travesty of the Democratic State committee as 1\lr. NE\VBERBY. Why is upon the furnishin·g of -records. Ford undisturbed? This administration indicts those who do I understand-I was out at the time, but probably could not have heard it if I had been in-that .it was suggested that some not camply with its orders. Mr. 'Ford likewise indicts those who one was trying to have access to the draft record of Edsel Ford. do not meek1_y obey his wishes. I know that this gentleman is a 'YOUth who has been much coddled If the amendment is intended to secure to the general public and protected by Executive orders, by favoritism at the White knowledge of Edsel Ford's exemption and his shameless dodging of his ·military service, then why ought it not-to be had? It was House, by exemption from military sertice. That I was pre an issue in the autumn ·Of 191.8 in the Michigan campaign. Mr. pared for. I know of no reason, howeve1·, why that exemption Ford was .defeated upon that issue and not by the unlawful use should continue to be thrown around him, shielding him by the of money. action of ·the Senate from publicity as well as hose officials 1: shall expect the Committee on Privileges and Elections, responsible for that remarkable affair. specific law or no law, amendment or no amendment, in the I am not a resident of 1\lichigan. Under the ·amendment I de:ficien<:y appropriation bill, to have produced before that have no right myself, nor any of my associates .in rthe House, committee, ·unless the War Department flatly refuses to do nor my colleague in the Sena:te, .to ask for the record. That so, the exemption papers in the Edsel Ford draft case. It right belongs only to the "Senators from .Michigan and to its then remains for the Senate to yield as Congress .geneTally several Representatives in the -House. If they wish to read does to every department .that ignores and derides it. The that record or have a copy thereof, 'there is .no sufficient reason only semblance of respect ever shown Congress is when the why it should not be produced. The Senate, however, has formality of explaining departmental estimates is indulged in. otherwise acted. Therefore I protest _against this $3,500,000 If the Senator from Delaware desires accurate information transfer of an appropriation heretofore ~made so that it may on that question, I -will _give i.t to him. I went to Adjt. Gen. be ·devoted to these particular purposes 'Provided in the amend P. C. Harris, in the War Department, and asked to read the ment proposed by the committee, as follows: Tecord of the Edsel Foi·d exemption, beginning in his district So much of the appropriation of $3,500,000 not necessary for the care and cus1!6dy of the draft recol'ds and !or the employment of in Detroit, l\1ich., and reaching on"'through the appeal board tierical assistance for the _purpose of furnishing to adjutants general to the Executive orders made QY President Wilson exempting of States statements of service of soldiers who served .in the war with him. It was refused. He called up Secretary Baker to know Germany silall be available for the employment o! clerical assistance necessary lor the purpose of .furnishing such information from the what he should do about lt. Gen. Harris :first made some ob records of the demobilized Army as may be .properly furnished to jection -because the records were 'in a condition where they had public officials, former soldiers, and other _persons entitled to receive it. not been classified and indexed ·a:na were not readily accessible. I assume that we are not embraced in the general ·expression ~ said I had the name and the number of the draft district "public officials," -and therefore would not be considered by the in Detroit, .. and _you know where the ~·ecords of the State of department "ent:tled to receive it" in the event we made Michigan are st.ored ; you know where, in the order in which a-pplication. they are placed, that particular number of 'the draft district There are more employees in the War Department ..now than may be found. It will not take to exceed an hour to 10£ate it." are required, more than any economica1 private emp1oyi:nent I offered to pay all expenses. He called up Secretary Baker by would permit to be upon theJ)ay roll. ~erels no occasion for telephone--I assum~ he dia; he was talking with some one who diverting this appropriation, on the merits of it, in the first answered from · that office--who declined and said that the place. Ordinarily J: do not like to oppose a committee amend record was not accessible to me. . ment, especially a committee of which the present occupant of J am not the only one. The declination might, possibly, have the floor chances to _he a member. ~ made no objection to this been on the ground that I was not a resident of Michigan and in the consideration of the deficiency bill either in the subcom 'had no business to examine a public record of that character ; mittee or in the open committee. I did offer the amendment, and but others have applied, with like result, and they can tell it was defeated in ihe committee, the same amendment which I their,own story when they feel like it: I shall violate ·no con Gffered a moment ago and which has been defeated in the Senate. fidence reposed in me; but other public officers and Members of .Because the Senator from ..Delaware [Mr. WoLCOTT] saw :fit Congress have received like cavalier treatment at the hands of io introduce, as I am informed, the name of the gentleman who this department. Why, therefore, should there be such intense .has been much favored, wnose ·sire was a distinguished pacifist anxiety on the -part of the Senate further to shield this distin and the commodore of a perambulating peace ark, wno himself guished .scion of the house of 'Ford, -the Duke of Detroit, and would neither .:fight, heing beyond the age, nor permit his own the chevalier of the mushroom jitney wor"ks of the world? We son within the military age to fight, who has been given protec are tender, indeed, of .his sensibilities. No doubt his distin tion by Executive ofders and by departmental secrecy, who guished sire would ·vote as a majority o'f the Senate voted. crippled preparedness by liis money and protest, he has opened Still we are expected to hold a majority on this side and shield that subject for discussion. The father was a candidate 'for such a wretched dodger from military servjce in the defense of the United States Senate in Michigan in November, 1918. He his country. It is no surprise Ford was beaten in 1\Iichlgan. 3112 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SEN-ATE. FEBRUARY 19, I If ther~ had not been 30 cents spent by NE~ERR: in Michig~n, . The district engil:~eer's report on the project contains the ·Ford would have beeQ beaten on the .t:.ecord of }lis own fanuly following paragraph : · in the late war. The Senator from Delaware now defends and The existi.D.g depths and widths of channel are as follows : Mouth approves the mantle of secrecy thrown over this wealthy slacker. to 800-foot point 21-foot depth- That is not all that the Ford family has received at the hands That is one-sixth of a mile of between 3! and 4 miles of the of Congress or of the executive department. Not very long ~hole river that is embraced in this appropriation and the sub ago a ri";"er and harbor bill appeared in the Sixty-fifth Con Ject matter of the resolution to which I have referred- gi.·ess. It was approved by Executive action August ·s, 1917. and 240 to 100 feet width; 800-foot point to the Solvay Process Co.'s On page 9 of the river and harbor act mentioned is the follow b~idge, or the 1,800-foot point, 21 and 15 feet depth and 100 feet Width; 1,800-foot point to the Wabash Railroad bridge, or the 15,700- ing provision : fo?t point, 13! feet depth. and 100 feet width; and Wabash Railroad For improvement of Rouge River, Mich., in accorda ce with the report bndge to the Maples Road, or to the head of the improved portion of Rubmitted in House Document No. 2063 (64th Cong. 2d sess.), and sub the river (23,200 feet from the niouth)- ject to the conditions set forth in said document, $490,000 : Provided, That the Secretary of War may, in his discretion, substitute plan B for A little over 4 rqiles- · plan A. . 12! feet depth and 15 feet width. Tho e are the plans referred to in the document of the number 3. Between Maples Road- given, making . choice between either of two methods. The Which is a well-known point there- $490,000 was for the purpose of deepening the river referred to. and the mouth of the Rouge (the portion intended to be improved)- The matter is alluded to in a resolution introduced by the Sena This item· in the rivers and harbors bill affects- tor now having the floor in the following language: nine- bridges built over the Rou~e River, five of them railway Whei'Nl an appropriation has been heretofore made for the improve bridges (or railway and highway bndges). Five railroads cross the e ment of the River Rouge, Mich.; and bridges, including the Michigan Central, New York Central, Pennsyl Whereas it now appears that this improvement is solely for the benefit vania, Wabash, and Detroit, Toledo & Ironton, in addition to the of Henry Ford and the Ford Motor Co. ; and . interurban line from Detro1t to 'Ioledo. These railroads are the Whereas it appears that Henry Ford is attempting to use this appropna sole means of land transportation between De~roit and Toledo, tion contrary to the intention of Congress, and is using th~ name and through which point Detroit receives practically its ·entire upply sovereign rights of the United States of America and the powers of the of coal and oil and its i.ron and steel. Fully 65 per cent of all the ~ecretary of War for bis own private benefit; and freight transportation originating or terminating at Detroit passes Whereas there are certain reports, charges, and rumors tending to . how over these railroads~ and must pass over the River Rouge by means the unlawful use of influence which should be fully investigated and of these bridges. l! or the past five or ten years the all-important theh· troth or falsity ascertained : Therefore be it transportation problem in Detroit has been how to get more and Resolved That the Committee on Appropriations be authorized to in quicker freight service over these railroads through what is known f!Uire into 'and completely investigate the whole subject matter of the as the "Toledo gateway." River Rouge improvement, including in particular the interests and intlnence of Henry Ford and his agents therein, and the use of the name Mr. Ford appeared before the congressional committee of the United States of America and powers of the Secretary of War in through his attorney, l\Ir. Lucking, and had inserted in the condemnation proceedings therefor. river and harbor bill of 1917 an item which escaped public Resolved further, That pending this investigation and the reRort of the committee thereon, the Secretary of War and the Attorney General attention; no one knew of its ultimate pm·poses; and it i. only of the United States be hereby requested and c~lled upon to su pend recently that the ulterior motive concealed in the $490,000 ap and withhold all acts and proceedings, whether m court or elsewhere, propriation has appeared. It is another case, l\Ir. President, directed toward the widening of the River Rouge or the appropriation of property therefor. . of favortism and perversion and abuse of power for the bene fit of Henry Ford. Following the introduction of the resolution, I read in part When the Senator from Delaware [Mr. WoLCOTT] sugge ted the proceedings of a public mass meeting held at Oakwood, in that the amendment offered to the deficiency bill was for the the State of Michigan, along in January, 1920. I might explain purpose of obtaining the draft record of Edsel Ford, he opened that Oakwood is a suburb of Detroit. It is one of a pumbeJ' the gateway to an expose of the abuses, the gross favoriti in, of small manufacturing or industrial centers that gather about and the prostitution of governmental power in the hand of every large manufacturing city. the Ford family. I thank the Senator for so doing. He made A public mass meeting was held at the council chambers in the village of Oakwood Tuesday night, January 20, 1920, for the purpose of de it material in this · discussion, even if the resolution of the nouncing the 1·esolntion introduced in the United States Senate by Senator from Michigan [l\Ir. TowNSEND], to amend standing • Henator SHERMAN, of Illinois, to discontinue work on dredging and Rule XXII of the Senate so as to confine discussion to the widening the River Rouge. matter before the Senate and make it strictly pertinent to I will refer to this resolution and its contents again later on. that matter, should be adopted. So long as this is alleged t-o I merely now refer to it for the purpose of identifying it for be the purpose of my amendment, I shall assume that it is a future use. There are several other resolutions, among them proper subject to be di cussed. I shall assume further that resolutions of the city council of Detroit, which are of about the tmder the wording of my amendment I have no right to go to same tenor as the one of the village of Oakwood. the department to search or demand a view of these records, The sum_of $490,000 is a mere fragment of the total cost of the because that privilege would be confined to Senators and Hepre deepening of the River Rouge. It was ~or the purpose of using sentatives from the State of Michigan. If they ask for the the eminent domain powers of the Uruted States Government record, I know of no reason why they ought not to ha'e it, that this appropriation \Yas made as small, comparatively, as unless it be because of sensitive souls and slacker ympatllizer. it i falling little short of a million dollars. within this Chamber. • Ti1e lliver Rouge is a small tributary of the Detroit River. :We on this side of the Chamber are either headed to lose It empties into the latter stream near the southerly limits of the one vote or we must stand together a great deal better than we city of Detroit. Usually, unless there is a remarkable freshet have been doing. The Newberry contest here and his indict because of rains or sudden thawing of winter snows, it is n ment by the attorney are political moves. Senator ~E'Y'BERRY slucr!tish dirty stream, flowing between low and ill-defined banks. has done no more than many others in this Chamber, including At o{ts ~outh it is practically a mere cat-tail marsh. In the the horrified pharisees now beating their protuberant bosoms early times it used to be a rendezvous for ducks and a favorite and loudly advertising their superior brand of sanctity. They ground of duck hunters. The river itself has been improved some are undisturbed. Some of them hold their seats by virtue of what at times, but it is liable to recurrent shoals and caving-in unceasing activities of Federal officeholders and war contracts during every spring freshet. About a half dozen small indus to contributing constituents, all paid out of public ta1:es. trial plants have located on its banks. Non~ of them is of great I somewhat resent the superior virtue implied by voting on size except two, almost at the mouth of the river. all matters with the minority. I can do some of that myself; It is largely because of the supply of soft water in the river I have already done so a time or two as a timely warning, and available for steam-making purposes that factories have located, I will do a good deal more of it before my term expires unle s there at all. • there is a change of behavior on this side of the Chamb~r. I There are at present probably half a dozen small docks a1ong ha\e dwelt within party lines since 1880-40 years last NoYem the ri\er, used by boats of light draft, scows,. sand suckers ber-and I think I can not fairly be accused of being too lib thnt bring up the sand from below for commerc1al purposes. eral in matters of partisan conduct; but if the Senator now on Along the river, with the possible exception of a glue factory, trial in this body before the Committee on Privileges and Elec every human habitation: or place of 'Qusiness is probably located tions shall be unseated, one more vote will turn the majority within 3 miles of the mouth of the river, scattered along. The in this Chamber to the other side of the· aisle, and I have that O'lue factory on the bank of the river, because of its obnoxious one vote. Unless Mr. NEWBERRY is saved in this political ~dors and· its undesirability as an appurtenance in a dwelling assault, the vote in tllis Chamber will be for awhile, until the house section, has practically a monopoly of a large area there. governor of l\lichigan shall act, a tie, m the event a single There are no human habitations within the range of the average Republican votes with the minority. This mock heroic \'irtue human olfactory nerve adjacent to the glue factory. must cease, Mr. President. I serve timely- notice upon Sena- 1920~ c ·oNGRESSIONAL RECORD-. SENATE·. :3113 tors on this side of the Chamber tliat they must be Republican All. of the land acquired by Mr. ll"ord·, as f have already said, on this thinly veiled political att~clr on Senator· NEWBERRY or is located more than 4 miles-from the mouth of the Rouge River·. there will be divers- Senators here who will refUse to do any The plant is being constructed practicalfy at the. l\faple5 Road, thing~ as it is called, at the head of the proposed improvement and _4.4 [At this· point Mr. SHEirnAN" yielded the floor for t'l1e day. l miles from the mouth of the river. .Tust what Mr: Ford paid for this land it is impossible to state Thursday, February 19, 1920. with. accuracy. It is as impossible to find what 1\Ii~. Ford's 1\Ir. SHERMAN. 1\Ir. President, r resume where. I concluded option on the 2,000 acres· of farm land cost as it is to extract on yesterday evening on the Rouge River matter. r do so be- from the \Var Department accurate information on the draft cause it is directly connected with the amendment 'vhich was dodging of his notorious son, Edsel. Both of them are buried offered by myself on the floor and defeated, and is material in the profound recesses of Ford the father's knowledge. to the amendment on pages 16 and 17 of the pending bill, cov- That portion of the property secured before the public an:. ering the preparation of draft records. ThQre has been. a degree nouncement in the· press reports, from credible figures furnished of solicitude as well as perversion of government in behalf of me upon application, did not at least cost more tha.Ii $1,000 ·au the members of the Ford family, which L think has· risen to acre. That would be the maximum price, and very probably it the point ~here it demands some public consideration in this is closex: to the ·truth to say that half that amount wa·s the Chamber, and accordingly I give it. average prtce paid;· in fact, in the Wayne County circuit court, On the subject particularly of the Rouge River and making in Michigan, the court refused to permit the sale of a minor it material to thf:C' amendment, I now continue to describe the child's land at the price agreed upon with Henry Ford upon environments of this proposed improvement. There never has the ground that the price paid was entirely inadequate. This been any demand for the improvement from anybody except was the only place where any of the options secured by Henry persons who are locally interested. It had its origin entirely Ford have come to the surface, namely, in. the appeal by a in l\1r. Ford and his representatives appearing. before the con- guardian to a court of competent jurisdiction to sell the land at gressional- committees~ There has been some demand for dredg- the price agreed upon by Mr. Fotrd and the guardian or next icg the river and removing shoals in order to deepen it slightly friend. Before the option was allowed t6 be executed the court in some places. The few small industries along the river have doubled the price offered, . and even then the price fell short of carried on their business satisfactorily, as· a large number of $1~000 an acre. Fo1rd is a lovely philanthropist when dealing them merely use it, as indicated yesterday evening.,. for the with infants. purpose of obtaining water for steam purposes. The tesult of all this was that in the Sixty~fourth Congress, The demand for the River Rouge improvement, involving the in the rivers and harbors bill, pa ed on or about July 27, 1916, widening of the river to 300 feet and its deepening to 21 feet among the funds appropriated was one item. for tlie examina for a distance of about 4t miles from its mouth came from one tion and survey of the Rouge Riverr. That item is· found in person. In the winter of 1914-15, and especially· the spring Public·Document No. 168, Sb•.rty-fourth Congi·ess, on page 21. of 1915, Henry Ford's representative quietly and secretly took House Document No. 2063; Sixty-fourth Congress, second ses options on approximately 1,000 acres of farm land adjoining or sion, contains the survey, ttie indorsements, and recommenda near the River Rouge and 4 miles or more from its mouth tions. The following information is all taken from it. The where it empties into the Detroit River. Henry Ford made the preliminary survey was made·J:jy Maj. Burgess,. the district engi following announcement in a special 10 p. m. extra of the neer; I shall quote from his-Ireport such parts as I think ar~ Detroit Journal of June 16, 1915. I now quote from this self- material: servirig puolicity report: The present investigation has been conducted by the district engineer The new Ford plant on the Rouge River to give work to 20,000 officer and Mr. Bam.let Kent, junior engineer. A public bearin~ was men. held ,by the district officer at the building of the board of commerce in Blast furnaces and farm tractor shop on 1 OOO-acre tract. * * * Detroit on November 16, 1916, after due advertisement, for the purpose Already Mr. Ford bas options on about 1,000 acres of land north of of obtaining the views of riparian owners and others interested 1n the the village of Oakwood and southeast of the village of Dearborn. The improvement of the Rouge River; Stenographic · record was ronde for tract lies on bot-a sides of the River Rouge,. it is said. this meeting, a copy: of which is attached to this report. Letters of inquiry were addressed to all riparian owners and to all others who In the issue of the Detroit Journal of .Tune 18, 1915, he fur- were thought :o be interested in the question of greater depths and widths oL cbannel than now exist. A copy of the letter of inquiry and ther elaborated on the former press report as follows: copies of the more important rei>lies are attached to this report. Henry Ford announced to the Detroit Journal Friday that it is his The engineer continues: desire to have the new Ford blast furnaces and factories on the River The result of the inquiries has been to develop the fact that tlie de- Rouge in operation iu two or three years. To accomplish this he intends to have work started this summer on the great tract of 1,800 mand for further improvement of the Rouge River is due primarily to acres just acquired northwest of Oakwood and southeast of DeaTborn. the location of a lnrge industrial plant by the Ford Motor Co. near the "The blast furnaces," Mr. Ford said, "will have ore delivered to head of the present improved portion ot the river. The construction of - them at their docks on the River Rouge by boats from the Upper this plant has alrea,dy been started and when completed will occupy a: Peninsula. The iron produced by the furnaces will be converted into fron-tage on the Rouge of about 3.,000 feet immediately below l\Iaples motors at the factones near by. The motors will be sent to the Road, and will give employment to about 15,000 people. There will various Ford assembling plants in an parts of the world and used in be nvo blast furnaces, requiring. for full operation a supply of iron ore Ford automobiles and Ford farm tractors. We expect, in time, to at the rate of about 6,000 tons per day· during the navigation sea on, ship the motors direct . by boat from our dnck on the Rouge to all and having an output of about 1,000 tons of metal per day. It is con parts of the world," said Mr. Ford. "This means using the Weiland templated to provide two more furnaces Whene"\'er they become necessary. Canal for boats to reach the Atlantic 0<.-ean. It means making Detroit On page 12 of the report the engineer says: a port of clearance for all portions of the globe." It is believed that the improvement should not be undertaken until Henry's imagination is in nearly as good working order as local interests have donated the necessary land and have assumed the when he played the angel to Rosa Schwimer and started to burden of as-cer.talning and settling- all claims· for damages, both direct end the war before Christmas. and indirect, to be caused by the improvement. I might parenthetically remark here that I regard the FOrd Again, on page 14, it is stated : . 'l t' 1 d i t t' 1 t t As previously stated, an improvement: sufficient for the demands ot aut omo b1 e as a na wna an n erna 10na pes · I destroys commerce would practically convert the river into an artific-ial slip, more useful material in metal, in brass, in engine equipment, following the general alignment of the natural river bed. l\Iy conclusion in tires, and rubber supplies· than any other single sink hole is that the l?eneral and the private benefits are so intt-rminglerl that the 1 th ld cost of the Improvement· ought to be divided between the United states n e wor · and the locality and that the proper basis for dividing the cost will be The cheapening of the motor to the general public has been for the United States to undertake the actual work of the improvement ·m t 1 t 1 t to th be efit d · d Th ;~ and for the local interests to donate the ttect>ssary la:nd and to assume a d etr 1 en equa a ~ eas e n erive · ere = no the burden of ascertaining and settling claims for damages as well as the salvage value on a $400 or· $500 machine; after a few years it cost for making alteration in bridges when these can not be required to is n total loss, and, outside of the comparatively few that a:re be made at the expense of the owners. used legitimately for transportation and errand purposes, the Again, on page 15, it is stated: remainder constitute a mere consumption of gasoline and me- r do not believe there is much doubt that the project hould not oo chanica! contrivances for running about and joy rid.ing, involv- considered one worthy of bein~ undertaken by tlie General Government · t f tim d t · 1 if the entire cost of the work lS to be bG;rne by th'e United States ·; but, m a was e 0 e an rna eria · with the assumed distribution of cost as mentioned above, there seems - This project was to be accomplished as indicated in the news to be sufficient reason for considering the improvement to be worthy reports to which I have referred. . to the extent of authorizing the preparation of an estimate of cost. How it was to be accomplished., however, that the big ore Which was done. accordingly. vessels and ocean-going freighters could dock in a portion of The preliminary examination was sent through military chan- the stream 75 feet wide, with a 12!-foQt depth of cbannelr Mr. Inels to the division engineer at Buffalo, Col. J. G. Warren, who Fol'd continues to explain in the same article: made. the following indorsement: The widening of the Rouge River should be done, L believe,. by the The work of improvement of the Rouge River, .Mich., under the present Government. The Rouge will have· to be widened and deepened and a project stated in paragraph 8 of the district enginee-r's report, and main basin built fox the vessels to turn in. • . . . tenance work to secure its· present condition, stated in paragraph 9, ~3114 CO~GRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 19, shows that they have been up to the present time principally in the The helpless never do appeal to 1\Ir. Ford. His brutality -of interest of industries located, with one exception, * * * below the Wnba h Railroad bridge, 15,700 feet from the river month; and it is financial power and the might of his great indu trial organiza understood that the commercial statistics given in paragraph 23 pertain tion make it the moloch of the industrial world. to that part of the river; the remaining 7,500 feet of the channel, To-day the whole State of Michigan is swarming with Mr. improved to 13-foot depth, being used only to a very limited ex- t ent. * * * _ Ford's secret agents. There is hardy a reputable detective Witle'ning, straightening, and deepening of the river as desired by agency having an office in the city of Chicago that bas not been local interests would, as stated in paragraph 27 of the district officer's approached by Mr. Ford's agents and its services sought to be report, practically con-vert the river into an artificial slip, and obviously would be, as shown on the map, prima.rily in the interests of the Ford hired to hold under inspection the trial of the Government under Motor Co. . · these indictments now on hearing in Michigan. The power of Here i an appropriation of $490,000 made in the riYer and the Government ordinarily is supposed to be sufficient. Its hnrbor bill. After Henry Ford has secured the options on 2,000 prosecuting officers, beginning with the Department of Ju tice in acres of furm land, this comparatively small appropriation for this city, the disb·ict attorney, 1\lr. Dailey, detailed from Indi :m item uch as often llaunts river and harbor bills is desired ana for such prosecutions, special counsel from the Department ·. olely to carry witll it the power of eminent .domain. If Mr. of Justice, the Attorney General's office, are all grouped at the Ford ue. ired to improve at his own expense the frontage where -trial table, and in addition to that there is a constant surveil- be is_ building his factory for the purpose of promoting it, it lance by literally hundreds of the paid agents of 1\lr. Ford ur probably would cost him more. He therefore, through 1\Ir. rounding e>ery nook and corner many hundreds of miles from Lucking- his attorney, appears in Washington at the last moment, the scene of the trial. l\Ir. Ford will l)end a million dollars, goe before tbe committee, and has introduced into the river and and still he will be the great, sanctified, eternal, holy, awed-off harbor bill this item for $490,000. He thereby borrows the joss, a pattern of every known image of counterfeit civic virtue power of tbe GoYeTnment to enhance his pri>ate fortune. The hear<.l of by all the blatant professional uplifters of a g1·eat benefits will be reflected in due time in the di>idends of the country. He remind me much of the idol in an oriental temple. Ford family. He sits mute, inactiYe, mysterious, unapproachable, and omnis~ Primarily, it i desired for the purpose of carrying with it the cient. He does nothing, apparently, in front of his immobile power of eminent domain, to be used by Henry Ford, hi~ attor face, but underneath he is using all of his va ·t my. terious neys, and agents in condemning land to enhance the Yalue of the powers borrowed from .the Go>ernment to crush tho e who have 2,000 acres on which he held his low-priced option. It is an un the temerity to differ from him. hallowed and iniquitous partnership of the Government with This appropriation in the river and harboi• bill was secm·eu private interests. It is an expenditure of nearly a half million for no other purpose than to utilize for him the 11ower to con dollars for the purpose of improving land, private in character, demn land, save him money, and to compel the taking of their for Ford's benefit. property from all the riparian proprietors who stoou in the l\Ir. Ford is not necessarily an object of public charity. He way of the improvement of his private property. probably would resent the imputation. However, he is as frugal To such base ends are ·we come that the Federal Government as when he first founded the Ford l\Iotor Co. of $150,000 capital. is merely an appendage and a contributing partner of :Mr. Ford It now runs into some millions. His dividends range all the way in his various su-cce sful enterprises. from 25 to 200 per cent. If an industry that is under the sur Ordinarily, about this Capitol success is reganle • 1920. CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD-SENATE. 3115 left to make is that I marvel at my own moderation. I might :No such bond wa.s giv.en. It has only been given as ~ after haTe stolen millions." He might have made, instead of two thought. When the question was raised of the right · of the plans, a dozen plans, and our wits would go wool-gathering Government to rrui.intain the petition to condemn, l\II~ : Ford accordingly. . caused to be executea a bond to save the Government from the One is Plan A, providing for the widening, deepenmg, and expense additional to the $490,000 made necessary by the con improvement of the River Rouge from the l\1a~les Road .bY demnation of the land. 'Just where the b'Ond is I do not know. way of a pri•ately owned short-cut canal, a copy of wh1ch The last-known whereabouts of the bond was in the bands of is in one of the published hearings. This short-cut canal ex- 1\fr.-Ford's attorney. tends to the Detroit River. It takes an elbow or bend out of That leads me to remark that of the attorney's appearing of the river, and saves time and distance. Plan B provided for record in the first one I quoted, in the matter of the petition of an impro\ement starting at the same place aJ?-d of the ~me the United States of America for the taking and condemnation character, which, however, followed the course of t~e nver of pri\ate property for the benefit of the public, No. 6213, in the to its mouth. Plan A had a twofold advantage. Fn·. t, the district court of the United States already referred to:· appears distance would be o\er a mile shorter; Second, it would avoid the following on the petition: some very difficult turns in the lower, part of. the Rouge River. A. 1\fitchell Palmer, Attorney General of the United -states. The only difference between the two was that one used the Samuel J. Graham, Assistant Attorney General of the United short-cut canal and the other followed the line of the Rouge. States, 'Vashington, D. C. He recommend~d, however, Plan A on· page 18 of his report. Howell -van Auken; 1502 Ford Building, Detroit, Mich., special He estimated the co t of dredging to be as follows: assistant to the Attorney General of the United States, at- Plan A, $490,000. torneys for petitioner. · • Plan B, $545,000. . . . Alfred J. l\lurphy, Detroit, l\lich., counsel for petitioner. The $490,000 estimate is the genesis of the Item m the nver In another petition to condemn co\ering the same_ subject and harbor bill to which I ha-ve referred, found stowed snugly matter but other tracts appears on the petition "Thomas W. and innocently av1·ay among a number of other items on page Gregory, Attorney General of the United .States." That \Yas 9 of the act of August 8, 1917. It is sandwiched in, unosten- before his resignation. Also " Samuel J. Graham, Assistant tatiously after its kind the very last one in the paragraph. A Attorney General of the United States, Washington, D. C. number of others are provided for, but they stand merely as a Howell \an Auken, special assistant," the same aililtess here- convenient blind for the real object of the paragraph. It pro- tofore gi\en. _ vides, too, wry thoughtfully, in \iew of this report, that the The third from which I read has the same attorneys, ineluu Secretary of War may, in his di cretion, substitute plan B ing l\lr. Alfred J. l\Iurphy as counsel for the petitioner. 1\ir. for plan A. van Auken -is an attorney retained and paid by l\f~. Forcl. After quoting from paragraph 8, '\\hich I will insert in my Alfred J. :Murphy is the paid employed conn el, year after remarks without reading here, as I do not care to take the time, :rear, of Mr. Ford. The firm of attorneys has an office in a well I read that t-he engineer's view appeared as follows: - kno'\\n locality in the city of Detroit. All the members of this r may add t1wt the improv ement seems almost esscntiaZ for tlle firm are representing l\fr. Ford's interests, - both public and econom4o ope1·ation of tile furnaces to be erectea by the F01·d Motor pri\ate. Some of them are special United States attorneys ap- Oompatzy. _ pointed by the Department of Justice to prosecute this ... petition. The italics are .mine in ·au quotations. I might go outside of matters _strictly connected . with this The di-vision engineer, in his indorsement disappro-ving of Rouge Ri\er improvement and state that Mr. Ford's attorneys the imprq-vement by the. United States, stated as follows: retained by him privately are, in connection with his other As stated in my indorsement on the preliminary examination re- activities, now engaged in moving heaven and earth assisting byport, local widening, interests straightening, and planned and ana deepe~ing estimated of Roul?efor m Ri>er,the dtstnct .as ~lesired offi- the Government in the prosecution of those indictments. The cer's sun-ev r('port. would practically convert the river into an arti- case itself is managed, advised, and the principal motions are ficial slip, ·and obv'iously would be, as shown o~ the map, pri1nU?-ily made through the advice of l\lr. Ford's private counsel. IE in tlie inte,·ests of one company. they do not appear in person, their mouthpiece is visible in the · This company is 'Yholly the private property of one per ·on. flesh at the trial table, and through him or them they make It provides a cheaper way of opening up water communication theit· conduct and their wishes known. with tlle Detroit River for Mr. Ford.,'giving access to the 2,000 So, it not onJy reaches to the perversion of the power of the acres of land on which he held an option before this appro- Government to condemn proper'ty for Mr. Ford's private benetit priation anu its - ~ast powe~s were placed at his disposal. but it extends to the extent of l\lr. Ford's private hired lawyers Pursuant to these· powers .that are proYlded by public legis- assisting in the prosecution of a criminal case in the name of lation yery kindly for essentially private purposes, three suits public justice. A more infamous prostitution of the powers of haYe been instituted by the United States in the district court Government to serve private ends has not been known. for the eastern district of Michigan, the southern division. Of all the pre\erts of the age, of all the moral morons of those These are the usual petitions for condemnation of land, and who have appeared as the beneficiaries of superfluous and putres cover all of the riparian O\vnership on the Rouge Rh-er essen- cent wealth, Mr. Ford is a type as void of a sense of right and tial to improvement from its mouth_ up to anQ. including all the wrong as a beast in the jungle. Anything that opposes him is frontage .o~ the Ford PI:operty. . wrong. He possesses worldly infallibility, and, coupled with his The ongmal act proVIded that before any condemnatiOn pro- enormous financial strength, he proposes to enforce that infalli ceedi!lgs hould be institut~d an effort shoul? be ma~e to p~n·- bility. He proposes to crush· and destroy all who raise their chase the land from the pl'lvate owners. It 1s found m section voice against him. · 9, on page 19, of the act already referred to of August 8, 1917, as I Personally, I somewhat regret that he did not get his seat follows: without the formality of a contest. It "\-VOuld do l\.Ir. Ford good to SEc. $). ';['hat · w.h<'n.ev('r any State, .or any reclamation, flood con- 1 sit in· this body, be the season ever so brief. A greater refriger trol or dramage distr1ct, or other public agency created by any Stat.e, ator for his world-embracin(J' effervescent brain could not be in- shall undertake to. secure any land or easement therein, n('eded 1n £ • 0 ' • • • • connection w1th a work of river and harbor improvement duly au- vented by mortal Wit. If he were seized with a dtvrne afflatus tho.rized by Congt·e s, for the purpose of conveying the same to tJ;le of speech making, there is nothing to reduce the enlargement of Umted States free of cost, and s~all be unabl.e for any reason to obtam the cerebral cavity like speaking to empty benches It would the same by purchase and acqurre a valid title thereto, the Secretary ...... · _ . of War may, in his di cretion, cause pr.oceedings to be instltl!ted in the effect e-ven rn a colossal egomaniac of his descrwtwn possibly a name of. the Uni-ted Sta!es for the acqmrement by condemnation of said permanent cure. Janel or easement, and. It shall be the duty of the Attorney General of Then the Chief of En!!ineers u ,...ain ar)I)ears with a report the United States to mstitute and conduct such proceedings upon the o • o • request of the Secretary of War : Pro-t;ided, That all <'xpens('s of said He says: proceeding;s and any award !hat may be made th.ereuJ!der sha.ll be paid The Ford Motor Co. is now erecting a large plant just below this road lJy Ruch ~~ate, or reclamation\ flood control or dramage district, or which will give employment to about 15,000 persons- otll('r pubhc agency as aforesaid, to secure which payment the S('cre- . tary of War may require such State, or reclamation, flood control or And recommends that It be done. Plan A was finally adoptetl. dra'inage district, or other public agency ae aforesaid, to exe~ute a by those in favor of the improvement. They asked that the Sec prop.er bon? in such _amount as he may deem necessary before sa1d pro- retary of War be given discretion to use Plan B if the rig~t to ceedmgs are com.menced. . . use the short-cut canal could be Obtained. Evidently it was not None ?f t~e m_tervemng agencies were e~ployed. Ther:fore, then proposed to obtain the right to go through the shor:t-cut these smts n~>oke the power of the _Governme':t for PUI~oses canal by eminent-domain proceedings. That was to be used only of con?emnat!on. ~h~re was no ~ffor t m.ade, _With .. but a s~gle to take from the riparian owners through the agency of the Gov exc~pb~n t~a- I no" t~all, to pmchase from the pnvate OViners ernment the private rights they had. In .·pite of this, however, for mshtutmg tb~se s~uts. . Henry Ford through the Secretary of Wnr ~1as caused these con- It furth~r proYJd~ m _se~twn 0 that-_ _ . . . demnation proceeuings to be institutell in the name of the United Before su1t. R-b;lll bl' mstltuted bonds shall be g1vcn to mdemmfy the States purporting to pass upon ::md eomlemn lands alon" the Gon•rnl?ent m ! ·... CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 19· 3116 ' The attorneys of record I have read.· The firm of whic"4 Mr. think .that that was across the line in Illinois. Chicago is full van Auken is a. member is Lucking, Murphy, Helfman, Lucking of gentleJllen whose time can not be taken from billiard halls & Hanlon, who have at all times and places in recent years been for any such pa."ltry sums as $50 a week. All the gentlemen Mr. Ford's attorneys, both in public and private subjects. who have constant visits to make to headquarters of all political Alfred J. Murphy originally appeared as of counsel for the parties asking for remuneration are unknown to Mr. Ford. He petitioner of recOTd. On objection that he was simply a Ford can have Mr. Lucking come to Washington and secure nearly attorney, too, he had himself appointed as special assistant to half a million dollars for the improvement of his private prop the Attorney General of the United States. There is no doubt erty. He knows about that. But an organization representing that ills compensation comes from Henry Ford. Mr. Murphy the party from which he received his nomination and on whose is not usually found performing legal services from purely chari ticket he was running can not spend a dollar and he have any table motives. It is only when fees commensurate with those to knowledge of it. which he is accustomed are forthcoming that 1\lr. Murphy's ac He has no· more idea of politics than he has of morality as tivities are aroused. No mere paltry stipend that the Govern applied to public affairs. 1Vhenever money is expended: by a ment could pay out of the Attorney General's office and tolerated Republican State committee against him it is the subject matter by public opinion would have been satisfactory to 1\lr. Murphy's for indictment. It is an effort by this administration to terrorize instinct for liberal fees. It is only private business successful and reduce to servitude and instant obedience everybody to as Mr. Ford's is that is able to pay to Mr. Murphy enoug4 to whom orders are issued. It is similar to the effort made by the enlist his services. It only adds to the general sordid com prostitution of the war powers in the hands of the administra plexion of the whole mercenary undertaking that private attor tion to jail everybody who criticizes the conduct of the adminis neys are employed and pose as assistants of the Attorney Gen tration, if it is done outside of Congress. Men have been ar eral of the United States, while private interests are to be served, rested by deputy marshals and secret-service agents, incarcerated private profit to be promoted, the power of the Government used, in Jail, and put under heavy bail for reasons that no American its sovereign powey of eminent domain to be perverted to Henry citizen ought for a moment to justify or attempt to justify, much Ford's purposes, and $490,000 gone out of the Treasury purely less a public officer. for the purpose of improving Mr. Ford's property. If others For instance, an employee in a. Chicago department store, who incidentally have some of the drippings from the altar of Mr. had been in service overseas, who had served in the trenches 'Ford's industrial sanctuary it will be merely incidental, not under fire, had returned and casually remarked one day, when intended,_ but unavoidable. somebody brought the subject up, that he did not thillk very There was a further condition that no funds should be ex much of the behavior of the Red Cross in the sector where he was pended until local interests were given satisfactory guaranties employed. He said their agents, as it appeared to him, were a of thei.l· assumption of the cost of right of way, alteration for parcel of grafters. The specific complaint was that cigarettes bridges, and incidental charges. and other supplies given to the Red Cross by charitable people / The three condemnation suits that I have referred to, to in this country were by the Red Cross sold to the soldie~: when condemn the land and property in question, have been started he wanted them, and the money was taken by the Red Cross and in the district court in pursuance of this power. They were used for other purposes. Practically it is admitted by Red Cross started, however, in June, 1919, but there was no bond or guar authorities that that was done in similar instances. anty provided until October, 1919, and then it was executed A pair of socks was bought by a soldier at a station of this through the Sec:vetary of War in order to commence the proceed organization. He opened them and found inside--unknown ings, or, rather, to sustain them. probably by anybody who had handled them after they left the He was .required to make a large number of certificates and original owner or maker-that they were donated by so-and-so, there were a. number of requests to appoint special assistants. giving the name and address, which I shall forbear to give. Henry Ford made no effort to buy the land. There are several The soldier bought them at the station at the regular price ; he affidavits on file to this effect in the district court where the paid out of his small earnings of $30 a month the price for a suits are pending. No offer to purchase was made, and no nego good pair of socks. Such instances were the basis of the sol tiatiollS leading to that end were entered into by Henry Ford, dier's criticism of the Red Cross. Some sleuth heard it, arrested' by his assistants, or by anyone else representing 1\Ir. Ford or him under the espionage. act, and took him to jail. He was the Government or any agency interested in the petition to con- out under bail the last heard from him. Some of his friends , demn . . The special attorneys, or Ford's assistants, which would of small means pooled their resources and furnished the bond be a more accurate description probably, claim that they proved so that he could get out of jail and go back to work. He had e:x parte to the Secretary of War that they tried to purchase been put in jail for criticizing the Red Cross concerning mat land and that the determination of the Secretary of War that ters for which they can be convicted any day in the year before they' were unable to purchase it is conclusive, so that the land a committee of the Senate. They are, however, to be exempt c;>wners may not now go back of this determination to show that from criticism. - no efforts to purchase were actually made. I have lying in my office a statement from a reputable gentle The special assistants, or Ford's attorneys, state that they man in Athens, Greece. He was stationed there or made recur made a certain bone fide offer, and this is the only one that they rent trips to Athens, covering the territory in the line of his have been able to prove up to this time, so far as any evidence business. His report is not flattering to certain features of the I have been able to ascertain shows, to purchase the Michigan Red Cross. . Carbon Works, a considerable strip of land several hundred feet I do not offer it to discredit this organization but to Sllggest in length on which is a water filter, which it would cost a con either a · voluntary improvement of their methods or, failing, siderable 'amount of money to change. This bona fide offer made that legislation be resorted to to protect a charity-contributing by Henry Ford was the munificent sum of $1. If he had been public. . sellincr it there would have been a difference. There is a great A certain sum of money, aggregating about $2,000,000 in nine differ~nc~ between the buying price of 1\Ir. Ford and the selling months, was allotted for the Red Cross service in Greece. He P.rice. He thinks $178,000 spent in a Michigan elec~on is evi says it is admitted by the employees paid out of this fund that dence of the gros est. and most abandoned corruption. That when they wrote three letters a day they thought they ha . . . 1920. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. ·3117 words, he was a guide; a mere conductor of what, in common The-difficulty with the Red Cross is that it has on its pay roll parlance, we in Washington would cal.l a ''rubberneck wagon." emissaries of socialistic propaganda all over this country. \Vill He was paid out of the donations to the Red Cross fund -that ingly or unwillingly, it is lending the charities of the country to every charitably inclined person in the- country has contributed promote vicious doctrines either in the ballot box or the more to for some years-a guide to sate the curiosity of visiting Amer- _open violation by revolutionary force aimed at the traditions of icans, whether in Congress or otherwi~e does not appear. our country. The Red Cross is too often found in bad company. I am prepared to accept the outside statement, until I ha'\"'e It is not to be condemned for that reason, but it is to be purified • better proof, that out of every dollar donated in this country ·and purged of the undesirable elements which have attached for Red Cross purposes ·40 per cent is absorbed in salaries and themselves to it. traveling and other expenses of those who direct the applica- The like statement can be made concerning the uni'\"'ersities. tion of the other 60 per cent. If I had any money lo give to a university, I would give with The Red Cross is a great organization; ·it has done a world express conditions that such doctrines as those to which I hav~ of good, and it will continue to du so. -But, like other unregu- referred should not be taught within the walls of the institution. lated activities of that kind, with vast sums of money under That is the cause of one half of the trouble in this country; their control, it needs inspection. There ought to be somebody the other half may be charged to ignorant aliens let in by a to exercise the powers of visitation on the authorities in control loose administration of immigration laws or by none at all in of this charity, to see where the money goes and how it is the earlier clays. It takes the average university man 10 years expended. Of course, anyone who raises his voice in criticism to unlearn the utter economic imbecility that is crowded into the of any act of the Red Cross is likely to be misunderstood and four or five years of university training. It is usually that long charged with having disavowed the faith, and be relegated to a time before he learns there is a difference between the air the outer limbo of eternal darkness by certain uplifters who castles of the university professor and the actual affairs of are drawing their support from the Red Cross pay roll. Others human beings dealing with each other in this transitory and having the good of this great charity at heart will commend my mortal life. A university training is no advantage to a person efforts. · unless he has good horse sense to begin with. For instance, in last Sunday's New York Sun and Herald Col. Ingersoll was approximately right when he said that there appeared a review of a book written by a gentleman who universities were places where "pebbles were polished and thinks he ought to be in the limelight all the time. His book diamonds were dimmed." It does not hurt if the character, the rose to the dignity of being reviewed in the paper referred to. mentality, and the fiber of the man are right; but if it is On the page where the review of the book is printed is the soft metal when it goes in, it will be untempered met.a.I when -figure of the author. TO- all appearances the cut shows a man it comes out; there is nothing short of a miracle from the of the physical proportions of a Goliath. He is wearing, ap- Author of our Being on high that will change it. parently, the uniform of the United States, for it is difficult It is such as those who are attempting to manage the affairs - sometimes in the haze to distinguish that uniform from the Red of this country, to subvert constitutional government, to deride Cross uniform. He stands valiantly for the reading public to law, to make a new rule of economics, to escape the inevitable observe. His chest expansion would indicate a military train- laws that have attended· us and our ancestors for a thousand ing, he has a bosom like an ancient West Pointer; everywhere years. They war with immutable- conditions and exhaust them is the look and port of military genius. Held off at a distance selves in repealing the unchangeable. it bears a strong resemblance to the sturdy figure of Hinden- Why did Ford not buy land down on the Detroit RiYer? burg before his late collapse; but when I draw near and look That is a pertinent inquiry. It costs more. The Detroit River nnd read, I find it is the gentleman who in private life under on either side,- in the United States or Canada, still has banks the shadow of our homes is known as Raymond Robins, late and riparian rights that are not occupied. Why did he not go private self-appointed ambassador to Trotski and Lenin, repre- down where the Government would _not be called upon to use senting the Red Cross charities, and in that country engaged its power of eminent domain or to put in half a million dol in giving relief to the suffering proletariat. lars out of the Treasury, which is a mere beginning? It is He has written a book about it, and the Lord lmows it was because if be went where the land is improved, a way from the only due to remarkable self-restraint that he did not write it farming section, he would have paid more for his options :sooner. Charles Edward Russell, who went to Russia upon and for the purchase price for the 2,000 acres o·f land required some commission for the purpose of. investigating Russia before for his industrial plant. At all times be is a thrifty soul. the tragic exit of the Czar, did not wait until he touched the mar- Nobody ever accused him of not looking out for the main ginal waters of his native land until he was emitting words at chance. He did not propose, not for an instant, to go anywhere the rate of 10,000 per hour; a perfect Niagara of language where his land would cost him anything compared with what it poured from him, and he is continuing the cataract without ceas- would cost if he bought it along some sparsely settled part of ing. The public is disposed to let him go ; he is perfectly harm- the Detroit River. His sole purpose was to buy it cheaply less so lung as he is in active eruption. It is only when confined and make it dear in value when he held it benefited hy the that the "pent up Utica" explodes and great elemental disturb- powers of the Government of eminent domain and of half a ances occur. million dollars of public expenditure which is purely for priYate Both these gentlemen are distinguished Red Cross pay rollers. purposes. . The art of the photographer has many sins to answer for, and Of course, if Mr. Ford were to go into the middle of a cornfield this is one of them. I never saw Raymond Robins at any time or a wheatfield in Minnesota and start-a plant, the land around it when he was such an awe-inspiring looking personage; in fact, would increase in value; it would be a public benefit, providing he is quite inoffensive, and when close ·to him I would regard his machinery is a benefit to anybody, and he would be hailed as him as undersized ; I would speak of him, if I were outside of an alleged benefactor in the State wherever he went. It is sup this Chamber, as a physical runt. - But thus it is that art can posed that that justifies the use of public funds to promote his supply what nature denies. private fortunes. So he went up nearly 4-! miles from the mouth He is a great uplifter, and so long as he is paid a salary to of the Rouge River and took options, and subsequently, up to the relie,~e suffering humanity lle, like Mr. Ford, will go right last information I had, he has bought at least 1,000 acres of it, merrily along. Mr. Ford's method of relieving suffering human- and conveyances have been made to him.· That done, his agent, .ity is entirely different from that Of my beloved friend Robins. M.r. Lucking; hies him to Washington, before the committee, and Probably in his philanthropic efforts Ford has caused more sur- obtains the legislation to which I have referred for the purpose fering to humanity, intended to be relieved, by the interminable of digging and deepening and widening the Rouge River until, jolting of his light-weight machines than he has ever caused as the engineers say, it makes practically a water slip from the pleasure in the use of them. My dear friend Robins belongs to Detroit River up to the 3,000-foot front of his plant. the same tribe of uplifters as Henry Ford and Charles Edward There never was so plain a case of the prostitution of govern Russell, with George Creel, John B. Densmore, and Frederick mental power for private benefit. It would be possible under no C. Howe. other condition than the reign of terrorism that the Government . Time admonishes me not to call the roll further, because they · ·has instituted in Michigan for the purpose of promoting Mi·. ForcL are typical of all of them; tl1ey are all of a kind, and so long as 1\Ir. Ford is the author in Michigan of that process of terrorism. they can attach themselves to the Government pay roll or to the . It serves his purposes. It is like his practices to tolerate no pay roll of anybody else humanity is bound to be relieved. So opposition and to recei\e no cri~icism without regarding the the Red Cross gets them; that is to be expected; they are cheer- critic as his enemy. . ful volunteers; but I respectfully suggest to the Red Cross and Since I introduced the resolution which has been sent by the - those having authority, the executive heads thereof, that some Appropriations Committee to the Committee on Commerce, as day the great conhibuting public will rise up and ask th~t they· _having more properly jurisdiction than the Appropriations Com purge their expense items and give a be.tter account of the mittee, an engineer, 1\lr. Markham, stationed at Detroit, takes money they are allowed to collect from that public. the present occupant" of the floor to task _for having introduce, ~3118 CONGRESSIONAL 'RECORD- SENA:TE. FE. BRUARY 19, 1______~------~r------~------the . resolutio~ It is similar to the resolution _passed by the ~~unt. ""Each ·of these bonds guarantees the Government harmless village 'Council of River Rouge and the one referred (o on -uester- ~t .any ·of the costs which ..are -required by .the project document " Clt-ed to be assumed by "local interests." . 'day in Oakwood, in which it is said that private malice is at the . Ac~ordingly, following the -receipt and acceptance of the bonds just bottom of such a resolution. Those distinguished ·mind -readers . -Gescnbed, the F.ederal .Government is proceeding in -the customary mg.n are_at liberty to draw any ·cunclusions they see fit. It is a mat- ~ ne! to the acq~ement by condemnation of s.uch lands as ·c.oula -not be ter of no concern io me. 'I nave no malicP< against 1\"'r ..For·d, but . pnvat~y acqmred except at -excessive IU'ices, and anticipates that its '>" .Lu 1 ~penqitur.es -related to the Rou~ River improvement will be confine(] ,J do have criticisms and o_pposition to anybody who ~claims such ·exclusiVely ~o ·survey 'York . and physical excavation, and that an in-fallibility and universal knowledge as Mr. Ford or anybody · cha;rges haVIng to do w1t~ .rights of ·way, altel'!lti?ns of bridges, and ·else. I JmO\V t'hnt essenti"ally at heart such a man ..;"' ·a pi·e- Jncidental damages, as adJuQ.ged by the proper JUdicial agencies, shall J.Ul ._., be met by the bonds of Mr. Henry Ford, above stated to be in hand. tender. · E. M. .MARKHAM, Thei'e -aTe no such people. 'Whenever I Tun across a mro -who Lieutenant Colonel, Oorps of Engineers, -claims .to be one of tbem I instinctively brand .him as ·a hum- United ·states A-1"'71W. bug. 'The strength of such a type consists in that _part of the DETROIT, Jan'ltMY 14, 1!120 • .American population referred to by Barnum in the days when · Mr. SHERMAN. I also call attention to the resolution u'f he was a great showman, that the American people like to be the Detroit Common 'Council, aoopted January 20, 1920, the 'humbugged, and th~y are getting a liberal' dose of ·it from ' same day, and also the resolutions of ·the suburban village of many, many sources. They will be gorged to repletion, judging Oakwood, heretofore referred to, on January 20, 1920. .All by the supply that is forthcoming. .In time they will turn upon three dates seem ·to j)ossess a sequence of time. Pr6bably it · _the ones pmcticing the infallibility and the imposition. That was actually the same moment, the -same hour; but one would ,time has not yet come. Indications appear ·here and there that . think that all of it happening on the -same-evening, January 20, . thel'e is an awakening, but the gentleman that comes along with 192Q, was a remarkable coincidence. It lutd its inspiration in an infallible specific to CUl'e every human ill yet finds credence all _probability, at the number on the left-hand corner .of 'the , in some quarters. No man who is informed on public or pri- envelope o"f ·this multitudinous and ever-active ·a1'l'ay of 'Henry i.vate affairs believes :it for a moment; but there are a number . Ford's attorneys. They all acted at the same time. They all of the .other kind born every second, and they are a perennial denounce in the same way. There are ~ slight changes in -verbi 1field for the exercise of the talents of the infallible ones. age, it is true, because it would not ·do -to 'have them reaa So Col. Markham writes .a letter which his counsel ·had the -precisely the same way; but every one of those reso1titions was goodness to send me,. being published in one of the Detroit cpreparea in the office of ~enry Ford's counsel in the Fora /papers. ·n is sent in an envelope on which this letterhead Building, Detroit. 1 appears on the .upper left-band corner: ·one would think ·that there was nobody in Detroit but Henry 1 Lucking, Mu1·phy, Hel~, L~cking & Hanlon, attorneys and coun- . ~ord.. There ~ are at least some other concerns in the city of !selors, Ford J3ullding, "Detroit, 'Mich. .Detroit that have an equal number or more men on their pay I will not read it. I will insert it in the RECORD later, when rolls, and pay equal or better ·wages, and whose output and 'I conclude my ·r.emarks; but I take care here to remark that market ·is equal to 1\fr. :Ford's, and nobody ever hears of them -~ ~ Mr. E. M. Markham attaches, just below llis signature, "Lieu- ~ excep~ by -re~ding a ~ade journal. ·The difference ~s tha~ Mr. · , tenant Colonel." Ford .IS a philanthropist, and the others are conductmg-:pr1vate · · It would be incomplete if he did not attach his title. "' re- businesses. It -makes all _the differenc-e in the world. It -pay-s iferred to the hankering for military titles that the most of these ~_to "be a philanthropist. Why, Mr. Robins found that out a distinguishoo interna:I fresh-water arChitects have. It is a long time ago. Re went to Russia as a philanthropist on the 1 ,wonder that -they ao not assume naval titles. There ought to J)ay roll of the'Red·Cross. ~r. Ford is·aphilanthropist. He has 'be commodores .and rear admirals,· so _that Grayson would have made ·a:n auto that anybody can buy. He has literally ex more com_pany. He is a fresh-water admiral, and why not terminated the mnle everywhere ·except in MissoUl'i, where the extend it to some of these gentlemen who sail the raging main ·Ozark 'knobs are not favorable to jitney navigation. He ·has of the Mississippi? "Colonel, lieutenant colonel, Corps of En~- _practically invented, he says, a 'farm -tractor. "'He knows a way ineers, U. S. A."__:__they are all attached to the u. s . .A.-and he of getting ·good roads. He will buy enough land in 'Michigan ;takes me ·to task very much. to sell to every employee a 20-acre traet where he can raise '\ :I do not care to do more than to refer :to 1\Ir. ·Markham. "His celery, cabbages, ·and pe.aches. 1: am quotfug now from a state -reasons are not more conv.incing than those of the averaO'e .ment of his in· a magazine some months ago. :' river and harbor engineer, which is a libelous statement -right He CU? live off. the ·20 acres. He will b~ paid a ~ miniiD:um ,at the beginning, and if :I were outside of the Senate ~Chaniber wage of $6 a day m the Ford 'Works. Re Will have a machme, I ought to be sued for making it. ~finally;that will only cost $125, and will cost 1.0 cents a day ·to I .ask that the envelope and the communication .from " lieu- ·run. He can live out on the 20-acre ·peach orchard and come to :tenant colonel Corps of .EnO'ine.ers u. s . .A.." dated Detroit .thefactory every night andiDorning, with the. 6 minimum wage. "Mich., January 1.4, 1920 be p;'inted in the BEC~D without xea.d~ 1\1r. -"Ford's entire plant is well ventilated, with plenty of 1ight, ing. ' · ana purely philanthropic, to benefit mankind. His own welfare The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. -HENDERSON in the .chair"). and benefit. ~ave nothing to do wit~ it. He has ·solved -the Without objection, the regnest is granted. :Problem, and he actually says there .J.S no reason ~for any man 'The matter referred to Js a-s follows: to work more than 2llours ·a day ! What will we do with .the rest of 'the time? I have dismal [Envelope:] .Lucking, Murphy, Helfman, Lucking & Hanlon, attorneys fO'rebodings that there will be strange eruptions in the State •and couns~lors, Ford Building, Detroit, Mich. 'Detroit, Mich., Jan. 15, '11 a. m., 1920. [Stamp.] Hon. LA-wRENCE Y. SHER"MAN, Senate Office ·when a man only 'has to work 2 hours 11. day :in this blessetl ·~Jdg., Washington, .D. 'C. country of ours and has the·other 22 hours Lto eat, sleep, and Jook "ENGI~ER 'REPLIES TO ROUGE CHARGES-RIVER !?.ll'ROVEMENT ·REQUIRE after tbe •affairs,of his neighbors. l:t ·will be a splendecl way af ::MENTS MET, SAYS COL• .MARKHAM. keeping up a healthful circulation of ·family s.ecrets. Of course, ;[From i::he Detroit Rree Press of Jan. '1.5, 1:920.1. it is a ·good tbing that the country ·went ·ctry. Imagine the .' To the. Editor: My .attention has been caJ?ed to a Washington dis 'horrors of 2 hours out or 24 at work, and beer halls as ailing us jPiltch which appeared •m the !Free Press, captioned, "Stop River Rouge ,job, Senate .asked," alleging certain charges by lJnited States Senator on every hand for the other-22 hours when ·we are awake! 'Ve iSHERMAN -to ~the -effect -that the requirements of the legislation authol' must do -something, and those of us who are not inclined to a tizing ~d appropriating'for the Rouge,River -~provement 1\fr. 'SHERMAN. w ::ny, certainly. ; llfN, of Illinois, :to discontinue WOEk 'on .ar-eilging ·and :widening the ]t;Jr WOLCOTT [ -want to ·set ·the s ·erra-tor · str"'=~ht _Tlle ' River Rouge. The capacity of the council chamber was insufficient to • • • • (.1..1.£,- • • :accommodate the large :crowd asseml>le:d .and an o-ver.ftow :meeti:ng -was Senator from Delaware never protested agamst e-xposrng the i 'held lin front ·of the council Chambers. The lllleeting was resolution· to withhold funds lawfully appropriated for this great enter- the value of the part taken or for any i.njury -to the part not taken, prise. , · · · : · .' shall take into consideration by way of reducing the amount of compen "I believe that no man, especi.ally a Senator, should lend his votce sation or damages any special and direct benefits to the remainder aris and position to • pull chestnuts out of the fire' for some one else, Qr ing from the lmprovement, and shall render their award Qr verdict lend his position as representative of the people to further a personal accordingly. ..., grudge or· spite agalnst an opponent. No such representative bas the right to barter the public Qr a community interest for any s~ch pur- 1\Ir. SHERMAN. I also ask to have inserted in the RECORD section 9 of the act of August 8, 1917, showing that some effort po~eNot all men in our Congress are like Senator SHERMAN; there are · many big men there, and it is these men to whom we must look at to purchase is required before condemnation proceeping · at·e this critical hour ln the history of down-river development to see that instituted. this resolution is defeated. I take it that all the Senators and Congress The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is ·o or men from Michigan will uphold the honor and traditions or this great Commonwealth, for they know what the defeat of this project would dered. mean ; but that nothing may be left undone to kill this resolution, let The section referred to is as follows : us here, all assembled, by letter or telegraph, instruct the Senators and SEc. 9. That whenever any State, or any reclamation, flood-control. Congressmen to use their best efforts to defeat this pernicious resolution. or drainage district, or other public agency creat~d by any State, shall . " If the Senators and Congressmen from other States who are to undertake to .secure any land or easement therem, needed in connec pass on this resolution would spend a little time in visiting the great . tion with a work of river and harbor improvement duly authorized by centers of industry and trade, if .they would come to this locality and Congress, for the purpose of conveying the same to the United Statrs see the great buildings and smoking furnaces, there would be no ques ·free of cost, and shall be unable for any reason to obtain the same by tion as to its outcome, but as they will not come, it is for us to carry purchase and acquire a valid title thereto, the Secretary of War may, the message to them. in his discretion, cause proceedings to be instituted in the name of the "I can not believe that this resolution will carry, and with the aid United States for the acquirement by condemnation of said land or ease of our representatives in Congress and the earnest cooperation of all of ment, and it shall be the duty Qf the Attorney General of the United us, it must not." States . to institute and conduct such proceedings upon the request of the Secretary of War: Proviaed, That all expenses of said {.>roceedings Resolution of Detroit Common Council, adopted january 20, 1920, oppos and any award that may be made thereunder shall be patd by s uch . ing withdrawal of Rouge appropriation.-Hy Councilman Simons. State, or reclamation, flood-control, or drainage district, or other fuhlic Whereas Senator SHERMAN, of Illinois, on January 13, 1920, introduced agency as aforesaid, to secure which payment the Secretary o Wa r a resolution in the United Statei Senate a serting thnt the improve may require such State, or reclamation, tlood-control, or drainage dis ment of the River Rouge by the United States Government " is solely trict, or other public agency as aforesaid, to execute a proper bond in for the benefit of Henry Ford and the Ford Motor Co.," and that such amount as he may deem necessary before said proceedings aL·e H enry Ford "is using the name and sovereign rights of the United commenced. Rtates and the powers Qf the Secretary of War for his own private benefit," and calling for the suspension of further work upon said 1\lr. SHERMAN. It therefore seems, from the act and from improvement: Therefore the proceedings since, that this item wa inserted in the river Resolt•ea by the common council of Detroit, That these statements are and harbor bill in 1!>17 for the sole purpose of promoting the enoneous; that said improvement is primarily for the benefit of the · whole city of Detroit and the villages on the southwesterly banks of private fortunes of Henry Ford and of the Ford Motor Co. the.Rouge and Qr the citizens of said municipalities, and is of an imme· These resolutions, it is true, show that other improvement..:; are diate and direct benefit to large numbers of owners of frontage on either contemplated and that it will be a great public benefit. So it side of said river and of. considerable numbers of existing industries in the line of the improvement and of prospective industries about to be would be, as I have indicated, if it were taken to any place in created thereon, as well as of many thousands of employees already the United States and money spent to promote a private under employed and to be employed therein, and that said improvement, when taking of tllis kind. Undoubtedly it would attrnct other enter completed, will "be of incalculable benefit to this entire great community. prises and the price of land or the value of real estate in the Whereas vast expenditures have . already been incurred by individuals · and companies and various municipalities and railroads along the line urban centers would increase material1y by the location of suclJ of the imp·rovement on the faith of the completion thereof ; an enterprise in their vicinity. Whereas the )>oard of supervisors of the county of Wayne unanim(lusly I can regard this item aud this authorlty conferred by the act d~cided that this was an improvement of great importance and voted their approval of an issuance of $1,GOO,OOO of bonds for br·idges at of 1917 and subsequent acts only as the very grosse t per1"crsion West Jefferson Avenue-and West Fort Street, in contemplation of such of the powers of the Government. They are u ed to enrich a . improvement : per ·on already po sessed of much affluence, one who has ueen Resolred, That it would be a most unjust and unwise thing to suspend successful in his manufacturing affair . I think, therefore, or defer or interfere in any way with the completion of ,such work ; Resoh:cd, That we urge United States- Senators NEWBERRY and TowN- that the resolution in the Committee on Commerce ought to be . SEND, and Congressmen NiiCHOLS, DOREMUS, KELLEY, CRAMTON, and acted upon and that the authorities representing the Govern MlCIU:NEn to exert all their efforts and influence to defeat said resolu ment in charge of these condemnation suit rrnd this alleged tion and to avert such threatenable calamity and also to aid actively in every_way the early completion of such work. improvement for private uenefit ought to be directed to cease · ·Adopted as follows: Yeas-Councilmen Br·adley, Castator, Kronk, Lit their activities until some investigation can be had and ·the tlefield, Nagel, Simons, Vernor, and the president, 8; nays-none. whole enterpi·ise exposed. I ha'\"e only been able in the time · Mr. SHERMAN. I al~· o ask to have printed 1n the RECORD a here that I feel I ought in justice to take to gi'\"e the very barest resolution of the village council of River Rouge, l\lich. outline of the undertaking. . The PRESIDING OFFICER Without objection, it i so If Senators wish to conceal from the public the draft record ordered. of Eu el Ford, beginning with the original proceeding in The resolution referred to is as follows: local board No. 21, a I remember now, in the city of Detroit, ~esolution of the village council of River Rouge, Mich., passed January going througll the district board, until it reached the Wat 20, 1920. Department, together with the action of the Chief Magistrate Whereas Senator SHERM.1:s-, of Illinois, has introduced a resolution to upon that particular ubject; if Senators wish to shield the hold up further work on the improvement of River Rouge because of _ alleged private benefit thereof: Therefore be it beneficiary and those concerned from the pitiless publicity, Jet Resolved by the village council of River Rouge, That this work is or them do so. I wisll, however, to fix the responsibility-let it the utmost public importance and of the greatest value and interest to be known >vllere it belongs. If any Senators feel sensitive upon the village of River Rouge and all the neighboring villages and the that subject, they can voice their frame of mind by .their vote city of Detroit, and that such work will be of the greatest public service and of immedtate financial benefit to large numbers of our people and and their conduct in this Chambet·. They have a right to do f;O. industries; that great sums have been :v.aid out and incurred by munici Further, if 2-!,000,000 registmnts have a record that might be palities individuals, companies, and railroads on the faith of this work e:A'POsed to the prying, envious eyes of 531 Members of Congres , and that it would be a disaster to the community to stop such work. Resolved, That our village president· communicate with Qur United it is only by adopting the yery low estimate of the per onnel States Senators and Members of Congress and send them a copy of this of the moral chamcteristics of a Member of Congress to sup resolution, requesting them to actively oppose such resolution and ln pose that that right would be abused. Members of Congress every way to aid the early completion of such work by lending their help to every effort and requirement of the Government in that behalf. are elected by their constituents. They are not appointed in n THO;\l'A.S J. BRESNAHAN, uepartment to hold office. They are responsible before the forum Village President. of public opinion for the proper exercise of their legislative [SEAL. ] RAYMOXD J. PETEBS, Village Clerk. powers. including the procedure on an affair of this kind. I Mr. SHERl\IAN. 1\lr. President, I have about concluded my think the average· Member of Congress does not abuse his powers. _ remarks on the documentary factors of this matter. It is fur It is said that pressure would be brought to bear by either ther provided here in section G of the act of July 18, 1918, on intere ted per on or by those pos essing great influence, by the right of eminent domain, as follow -and I ask to insert that wealth or otherwise, I suppose, it is intimated, to secure the in the RECORD without reading. draft record of some of the registrants for improper purposes. · The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it !s so 'Vho is to be the judge of that? 'Vho is the guardian? Who ordered: builds up the barrier between the record and publicity? Shalt The section referred to is as follows: it be the appointed officer in n department? Is he the sole SEC. G. That in all cases where private property shall be taken by the United States for the public use in ·connection with any improve custodian of the proprieties in this country? ment of rivers, harbors, canals, or waterw!lYS of the United .states, and . He is far removed from public opinion. I said something yes in all condemnation proceedings by the Unrted States to acqmre lands or terday afternoon upon the subject of how little the head of a easements (or such improvements, where a part only of any such parcel, department or the head of a bureau sitting at a desk cares for lot · 'Or ·tract of land shall-be takerl, ·the jury or other tribunal o.wardlng th~ just compensation or assessing the damages to the o~ner, whether for public opinion, not enough even to. comment further upon. The 1920. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-BENATE. 31211 Members of the House, however, go through the ballot box every But we are going along here, happily or unhappily, with all two years. They are as safe custodians of the performance of kinds of schemes coming up, $20,000,000 here, $40,000,000 yon !Jublic duties, they are as safe to guard any proper cases of der, $68,000,000 further on, with all kinds of increases of sa.l record of registrants, as any other public authority in the coun arie·s cOming on, and the high cost ·of living with us. The head try. I resent the imputation that a Member of Congress can of the appra~sers' office· at one of the United States ports, be not be trusted in such a matter, that he will abuse the power. fore a comnnttee the other day, said, "Our inspector gets $4 a Where· do we abuse our other powers? Who abuses his power dar and a ~ouse ~arpenter gets $15 a day ; the inequality is so in the Senate or in-the House to serve priv·ate purposes? . If we great that rt must be remedied by Congress by raising Gov do., our constituents are the judges and visit upon us merited ernment salaries., rebuke for our·conduct. I am content to leave the matter with I have considerable correspondence in my office to the same his unworthy suspicions where the Senator from Delaware .[Mr. effect from various parts- of the United States. There is no WoLCOTT] has placed it. h?~se carpenter in the United States worth, under healthy con I do not know what the Committee on Privileges and Elections ditions, $15 a day. They may get it, but they are not worth it. will do, whether they will regard it as Of importance or not; but We can remedy by legislation, that will come before this body if they should issue a subprena duces tecum upon the proper soon·er or later, these vast expenditures. I might just as well· head of the department or upon the subordinate having the cus in the c~osing words that I have, refer to it now. When thes~ tody of records material to the election contest pending in this / bills appear the person who opposes them will receive probably: body and now before that coinmittee, whether such subG'rdinate short shrift and no sympathy o~tside. There ought to be every~ or hea·d will r~fuse compliance with it I know not. It would be thing .consistent with industrial conditions allowed, but i~ entirely in keeping ' with their conduct upon other matters if we adJust salaries in this body for the public service on the they entirely ignored it and treated with a proper degree of basis of privately paid employees outside in various industrial contempt any process of Congress, as is customary in the depart and skilled labor lines we will reach a point where more than ments. Whether we will ever see it or not I ·do not know. I $1,000,000,000 of increases in salaries alone by accurate computa only know that much legislation of this body bas been ignored tion will be called for by appropriations before we reach the and.nnllified by the departments. . end of the session. ~ When salaries are once fixed they will · This is not a republican form of government ; it is a Govern never come down, the schedule will never be reduced. What ment of departments. It is not a Government of law; it is a ever may happen outside in: private enterprise, whatever re Government of unbridled discretion. We are not governed to ductions may come with readjustments, when our between three day by fixed rules of conduct. We have no municipal law in our billion and four billion dollars of Federal reserve notes are country that prescribes what is right and prohibits what is called in or reduced to a safe volume, when we return more 'Wrong, so that any Citizen walking in the broad daylight can nearly to a specie basis, when war bonds have settled down tell what his duties or obligations may be. That depends ·en until permanent values are found, when prices fall, as they will tirely upon the discretion of a department. some time, we will face an entirely different world in our part Every fifth taxpayer in the United States a year ag9 this of the globe. spring paid"illegal t~es. In some ilistances, even if the t.tmount was large, it was thought better to pay it than to engage in liti Prices must fall. Our' exports are reduced. Europe will be gation. In many instances the amount was comparatively gin to support herself. When she finds th~t no longer are mil· small, less than it would take to go into court, employ an attor lions available by way of charity or loans to take care of her, ney, and contest it, so the amounts were collected. The depart when no longer cargoes of food go across the sea to be distrib ment itself has practically admitted that $40,000,000 of illegally uted, when she finds she must. take care of herself, she will do collected taxes are now held by the Treasury. The rulings this so. The people of Europe never will reach this conclusion tmtil year tha:t certain securities are exempt from taxation are an that conviction dawns upon them by the stoppage of supplies. entire reversal of the rulings of last year. Of course, we would When that time comes our exports will fall off. Indeed, it has not expect uniformity at an times upon a new law, but we would come · now. Out meat exports are falling off; our exports of expect .that taxes illegally collected would at least have some manufactures are falling off. Europe is beginning to recover move made to be refunded. That will not be' dane. herself; to supply her own wants. The United Kingdom is The age of government by departmental discretion will con shipping from her colonial dependencies and from South ·Amer tinue so long as Congress is in the habit of passing blanket ap i-ca.. She has great shipping facilities; she operates at a: mini propriations. Literally millions of dollars go out of this Cham mum cost. She is feeding her own people now· more nearly her to departments about which the Senators have no detailed than at any time since the war. She is, in a large measure' knowledge, much less some of the members of the principal com relieved from. the necessity of depending upon us for her food mittees, the Committee on Appropriations among others. I see supplies. With the coming crop years, with cattie, sheep, and now no tl.:attering prospect in this Chamber for reducing ap hogs growing in her colonial dependencies, with every 30 days propriations and taxes. I do not know what the majority side approaching nearer the condition where they may be ma11]\eted here will do finally. The responsibility ultimately is upon them. for meat supplies, the time is not far distant when our colossal There are bills enough pending now to increase the civilian exports will be reduced by 50 per cent at least. In that time. appropriations by ovel' $1,000,000,000. Who is talking retrench products will begin to accumulate in the domestic markets; ment· or reduction in this body? A ~omparatively few, and so and as the supply accumulates prices inevitably will fall. We far they have aroused no favorable response. are approaching that period. - ' I have remarked many times upon the unpopularity of re Consequently there will not be such demand on the ·pay ducing appropriations in the Senate. Nothing is so· unpopular in ron for everybody, skilled and unskilled. There is a time Washington. The motto of everybody here is, "Everyone for coming-and it is- not a disaster, either-when prices will be himself and the Treasury for us all." It is like the corrupt reduced: Members of Congress are still.living on $7,500 a year. reign of George III reaching over into that of George IV. They belong to the " new poor " class that has begun to con When the Crown could not control the House of Common.s, he sider itself in London and the principal manufacturing to'wns increased his civil list and got appropriations of sufficient of Great Britain. It is true we -were not at the starvation point pounds sterling to infiuenc~ the members he needed by giving when the rise in prices began; but we are facing a period of them patronage. readjustment in both private and public life. · There is only one thing popular in Washington and that is to Why, then, when matters are in this condition, is that e-ver shout lustily for the old :flag and liberal appropriations; That lasting pressure apparent here, and the yielding by Members of is in order all the time, and noble patriots are bursting with Congress, to raise the compensation of public employees up to heroic rage every day because we do not further loot the Treas the level which private employees are paid? Of course,. a great ury with all kinds of schemes that constantly appear. You can numbe!-" are insisting on it; a great number of Federal employees start to reform appropriation bills and budget bills; you can are in an association. I think that is what they call it; they, kiss them into the committee, and then, after being ·kissed in, do not call it a union, but, nevertheless, the purposes are the they are ki-cked out with their · author. That is the universal same. It was contemplated here for a time that the teachers experience of those who have tri-ed to protect the taxpayer. We in a certain public school should quit their occupations. The meet with ridicule and the comment, "Oh, yes; the taxpayer, truth is whenever an employee in this country on the Govern you always refer to the taxpayer. · The taxpayer does not care. ment pay roll does not like his pay or the kind of work he is He gets part of it back,himself." You never-heard Mr. Ford doing, he is at perfect liberty to quit; there is no antistrike talking for economy because he is getting the big part of it clause applying to resignations, and there is not likely to he. back. He is getting more back than he pays. He profits by The vice in all these proposals is not only the matter of ex every turn in the :road. Of course, Mr. Ford believes even now,_ pense, whkh ought to appeal to Congress, but the ·vice is that after mature reflection, in the old flag and appropriations for the' occupation or the job must be fitted to the man. the Rouge River half a million ·uollars.- Itt is a- very commend- - I have exactly the opposite creed_;_tb.at th~,man must fit him· able enterprise for it helps him along. · · self for the job. Whenever I have disliked my occupation· I have 3122 CON·GRESSIONAL -RECORD-SENATE: FEBRUARY ~19; changed it, and I think that must be the ruie· of ~ction . in t~is guilt or innocence of the Senator from Mi-chigan. I know nothing ~ountry aU the time. Anything e-lse spells decay. Th~ l;>est rqle of the merits of that case. _I accept without question :the benefi ~s that of individual merit; the incentive to do the best ther~ i~ cent mandate, the b~n!gn prin<;iple of_tl;le_law, that every ma.rUs in one. That is now studiously ignored in both public and private presumed, notwithstapf;ling' an inclictment, to· be ·innocent until life in all these claims for remaining on the inflate;4. war le.v~l. his guilt is established beyopd a .reasonable.doubt and by Jl com It is apparent, too, in the effort to increase salaries or compensa- petent tribunal. I do not mean to imply that the Senator from tion in all departments of the public service. .· Michigan is guilty Of an_y offense. What I do know, and the I shall await with some interest what_the action o.f the Sen~te Senator from Illinois knoyvs, and the whole country knows is will be upon all such proposals that will coq1e h~re . . Th~ t•espon• that this Senator stands ~dieted, charged with high crimes anu sibility primarily for appropriations in the public mind will rest misde~.eanors. He kno_w_s, and I know, that that qq,estion is upon the' majority side of this Chamber. We can not escape it if now being determined by a court of competent jurisdiction and we would. ·whether we have the votes or not, the responsibility by a jury sworn to do its duty without f~ar and without favor. will be fixe-d on us . . I trnow there are some Senators on the Is it conceivable, is it possible, that any mortal man wou~u minority side of the Chamber who will join us in redhcin~ ex shield himself behind the sacred privilege of this body to do penditures to the l()west possible limit, but the question is that which is critn4lal ~lsewhere? Is it possible that the dignity whe-ther or not all such will be in a majority. of a Senator or the franking privilege of Congress is now to be Mr. STANLEY obtained the floor. used for the purpose of snatching an accused from justice? Was Mr. DIAL. Mr. President-- it intended to affect the discretion of Senators upon the other The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. KING in the chair). Does side of the Chamber? the ~ Senator from Kentu~ky yield to the Senator ft·om South God forbid! I do not lJelieYe it. I have· served too long in the Carolina? Honse and in the S~nate. I do not .believe that any constituency ·1\fr. STANLEY. I yield, 1\fr. President. under the flag has ever commissioned a Senator lu;;re so mean, · 1\fi·. DIAL. I suggest the absence of a quorum. - so narrow, so parti ·an, as to induce him to blacken his soul lJY. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The absence of a quorum being perjury; after he. bad swor,n _to do his duty, and to seat h.e-re a suggested, the Secretary will call the roll. man reeking with crimes, with perjmy, with bribery, with all of -'The roll was called, and the following Senators answered to which he is charge9, because he feared-- the loss of a vote. It is their names : not creditable to. Members of the other side of the Chnmber Ashw·st Gronna Lenroot Shields that one of their own colleagues should hold so .poor an estimate Ball Harding Lodge Smith, Ga. of their sense of justice and propriety. Beckham Harris McKellar Smoot What is .this offense? Brandegee Harrison McLean Spencer Capper Henderson McNary Stanley Mr. Preside-nt, it is recounted that when Rome bad reached Chamberlain Hitchcock Moses Sterling her last stage_of de-gradation and unspeakable infamy, after the Colt .Johnson, Calif. New Sutherland evil m~mories of Tibetius and Caracalla and Nero, after _fratri Culberson. .Johnson, S. Dak. Norris Thomas Curtis .Jones, N.Mex. Nugent Townsend cide and murder and violence_and chicanet:Y and brutality .had Dial .Jones, Wash. Overman Trammell all dishonored the Roman purple, at last a shameless and aspir Dillingham . Kellogg Page Walsh, Mass. ing millionaire bought the diadem from the Pretorian guard, from Elkins Kendrick Phelan Walsh, Mont. F ernald Kenyon Phipps Warren the ramparts of a camp, and the brutal, debased Ronian sol Fletcher Keyes Pomerene Watson diery, in shame and in horror- over their crime against the France King Robinson WillJams dignity of a decadent empire, arose and butchered the wretch Glass Kirby Sheppard . Wolcott Gor.e Knox Sherman who dared to buy that lofty place. Th~ Senator from Michigan, whe-ther guilty or innocent, wears The PRESIDING OFFICER. Sixty-seven Senators have an a toga more honorable and more honored than the purple pf any swered to their names. A quorum is present. Roman emperor, than .the ~iadem of any ancient conqueror or ·Mr. STANLEY. -Mr. Preside-nt, I hold no brief for Henry king. He is charged with having bought it-bought it from Ford. · It is more than prol;>ably true that this thrifty, ingenious the ramparts of the camp. He is charged with the prostitution mechanic abundantly demonstrated his lack .of vision, of wis of the electorate and with the deliberate fabrication of a padded dom, and experience, his utter unfitness for a place in tllis account. He is charged with bribery and perjury. If he is august body long prior to the diatribe of the Senator from Illi convicted by a jury of his peers under the instruction of a court nois. It may be true, for all I know, that this scion of the house of his own party, if he. comes here undel' that shadow, will a of Ford, this heir presumptive to "the chevalier ·of all the jit Senator from the other side rise in his place and say that to neys in the world," was lacking in courage-and in patriotism; refuse to admit him is a mock heroic virtue? it-may be true, for all I know, that he escaped by falsehood or Mr. ~,>resident, we are at present with dangers encompassecl by favor; but that is not a question at issue now be{ore this round. There never was a time when conservative men looked body. or before any court or tribunal hnving jurisdiction of the into the future with more concern, when brave men thought of facts and the subject matter. Heriry Ford is not a candidate the morrow with more- apprehension, when wise men studied for the Senate nor is he contesting the seat of the Senator from Qroble-ms of state with more diligence; and yet I ·ay to you Michigan. There is no legislation pending. to which this gratui there is a greater danger to the ship of state, to the honor of tous tirade is pertinent or germane. Why this attack and why our country, andto the perpetuity of these institutions from the this astounding and unprecedented statement from the Senator shameless, wanton, corrupt, unblushing use of millions than from Illinois? _ from the narrowness of the fanatic or the violence of the . Mr. President, y·ou may go back to the time when the first anarchist. That which ·will carry us · through, will support ambassadors from the first States assembled in this augq.st and sustain us, will guide and guard us now, is the disinter presence until now, and I defy you to dig from foolish or from ested and patriotic citize-n, sitting in his cane-bottom chait· by any shameless utterances anything so indefensible, anything evi his fireside; with an open Bible on his knees, stqdying reverently dencing a more brazen disregard of the honor of .cour~s •. tb,e pro the Constitution of his country and the precepts of his religion. prieties of this place, or a decent regard for public opmwn, than It is that simple, devout, incorruptible lover of his country tha.t this remarkable· utterance. protects us in time of peace, as his heroic sons defend us in Says the Senator from Illinois: time of war. It is upon the virtue of the electorate that the We on this side of the Chamber are either headed to lose one vote. or country must depend at this crucial hour. · we must stand together a great deal better than we have been doing_ Whenever the populace of America, like the populace of I somewhat resent the superior virtue implied by voting on all matters with the minority. I can do some of that· myself; I have alre.ady done Rome, seek only bread an~ the circus; whenever they are ready so a time or two, as a timely warning, and I will do a great deal more to follow, like a hungry pack, debased and shamele-ss, the hand of it before my term expires unless there ·is a change of behavior on this that feeds them most, then neither armies nor armaments, side of the Chamber. -I have dwelt within party lines since 1880-40 years last -November-and I think_I can not fairly be accused or being neither the wisdom of sages nor the courage of heroes, ""ill too liberal in matters of partisan policy; but if the Senator now on save US . from the same deserved ruin that has OYercome all trial in this body before the Committee on Privileges and Elections shall other corrupt nations of the world. Said the King ·of Kings, be uns~ted, one mor(! vote will turn the minority of this Chamber to. the other side of the aisle, and I have that one vote. Unless Mr.' NEw '·'.They who rule not righteously shall perish _from the earth " ; BERRY is saved, the vote in this Chamber will be for a. while · untjl the and he w:ho goes out with his dirty millions to plp.y upon the o-overnor of Michigan shall act, a tie, in the event a smgle Republican. weaknesses or the n·ecessities of his countrymen destroy that ;otes with the minority. '.rhis mock heroic. virtue ~ust ~se~ - Mr: President. I serve ~ timely notice ·upon Senators ~pon this s1de of the righteousness. The disinterestedness of the citizen in the Chamber that they must be Republican _Ol' there Will be divers Senators sacredfunction of casting his ballot is to him what honor is to he're who will refuse to do anything. _ . , a W{>mUJ!; an!} t~ere J.s a;S li~t~e dependence -to be put in -the What does it mean? '_ro whom is it directed? Against F.ord? pat~i_otisn1 o.f t];le qt.an ~h~ bul:s and ~he man who sells · a No. Were I the humblest citizen_ in the land, I wquld not, within vote as there is in the womanliness of the scarlet wr~tch who the hearing of-cQurt or jury, express an opinion touching the makes a commodity of her virtue. 1920 . .. -- CONGRESSIONAL REC_ORD-- SENATE~· 3123. It is charged that "barrels" were opened. · it is .- charged Mr. STANLEY. 1\fr. President-- . . that the press was corrupted; that every avenue of publicity, Mr. TOWNSEND. I · r~ognize that1the Senator s~id in the every means of information, was polluted and debauched, and beginning that he presumed a man :was innocent until he was ~n7 that those_who could not be deceived were debased and prosti victed, and then the b::llance of his speech was on the assumption tuted; and that this thing covered a whole State, against the of guilt. . .. dignity of the laws of the Commonwealth of Michigan and the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from lllichi-: peace and honor of the United: States of America. gan yield _to the Senator from Kentucky? While that tremendous crime is being investigated by a Mr. TOWNSEND. I yield. court of competent jurisdiction, a Senator in this body . rises in Mr. STANLEY. I do not wish to be interrupting the Senator his place and says, " If you dare_to express an honest indigna from l\Iichigan, but I know him too well to believe that he woulu tion at the commission of that colossal crime, I will cease to intentionally misquote me. be a Republican." . God forbid that he or any other should enter Mr. TO\VNSEND. I would not. the portals of Democracy through such a door oc from such a Mr. STANLEY. I have stated that I not only accepted the cause! doch·ine that he is presumed to be innocent, but that I knew 1\Ir. TOWNSEND. Mr. President, I do not know what the nothing of the merits of the case, and I meant not to prejudge it Senator from Illinoi$ [Mr. SHERMAN] said yesterday, as I was in any way. I based my whole argmnent upon the fact that the not present, but I do think I understand fully what is the intent indictment was pending in the courts, and in the event of a con: of the remarks of the Senator from Kentucky [Mr. STAJS"LEY]. viction I then asked what the Senator from illinois [Mr. SHER I ·can assure the Senator, however, that his words ~ill not carry MAN] would do. In the event of his acquittal it is perfectly mani far enough to interfere with or .prejudice in the least the !rial fest what ought to be done. that is going on in Michigan at this time. Mr. TOWNSEND. Mr. President, I have nothing further to I have been very well pleased with the attitude of Senators say upon the subject than to repeat that the case is being tried in regard to this matter, because they have been content to allow and the facts will be disclosed. If the Senate through its proper the truth to be determined by means which no one for the prose committee wishes to proceed further when the trial is concluded, cution questions. I think it was quite gratuitous for the Sena there will not be an obstacle placed in the way. The mattet· is tor from Kentucky to advise the Senate as to its duty or even to before the courts now, and I submit that Senators ought to be suggest that Senators might be persuaded into doing what they willing to abide the outcome of that proceeding before they under ought not to do. I believe in determining election contests in a ·take to discuss the case on this floor. lawful manner and that charges of corruption against Senators l\Ir. WOLCOTT. Mr. President, the last sentence uttered by which are on trial in court should not be influenced by discussion the Senator from Michigan [Mr. "TowNSEND] I think very here, although I am sure that what has been said will fail in correctly expresses what ought to be the conduct of Senators exerting influence upon the court. on this floor with respect to the so-called NewbeiTy case. The Mr. President, I want to have the truth known as to the last case is in the court, and I entirely agree with the Senator from senatorial election in 1\Iichigan, and I would like to have the Michigan that it is a gross abuse of privilege, though he has truth made known as to the election in Kentucky. I remember not phrased it exactly that way, for Senators on this floor to the discussion which occurred among Senators and the state express an opinion concerning that case. ments in the press in reference to election frauds and corrupt In making that statement, Mr. President, I accompany it methods in Kentucky. But I have never felt that it was wise with the further _statement that I heartily indorse every word to try the case on this floor before it was in order here. I have uttered by the junior Senator from Kentucky [Mr. STA.NLEY]. felt that it was proper for the Senate to proceed through its The Senator from Michigan evidently did not hear all the Committee on Privileges and Elections and the court to proceed remarks of the Senator from Kentucky. If I understood him through the methods provided by law to determine guilt, and correctly, the Senator from Kentucky was protesting against when the question comes before the Senate- the breach of a proper rule of conduct by the Senator from 1\fr. STANLEY. 1\Ir. President-- Illinois [Mr. SHERMAN]. I 1\ir. TOWNSEND. The Senator from Kentucky can be as I desire to advise the Senator from ~lichigan just what suretl that other Senators hold quite as high a notion of duty, happened in this Chamber yesterday. The Senator from loyalty, and patriotism as does he. Illinois [Mr. SHERMAN] offered a . little amendment to the The PRESIDING O~FICER (1\lr. KIRBY in the chair). Does pending deficiency bill, which amendment, if enacted into law, the Senator from Michigan yield to the Senator from Kentucky? would impose upon The Adjutant General of the Army the Mr. TOWNSEND. I yield. duty of supplying a copy of any individual record of any 1\It•. STANLEY. Mr. President, I a sume that the Senator registrant under the draft law to any Member of Congress refers to some statement published by some irresponsible cor from the State of which the registrant was a citizen. There respondent at the time of my election to this body. I saw that was objection to the passage of that amendment, and in the statement. I went before the Committee on Privileges and Elec course of the discussion some one saJd, I believe it was myself, tions. I asked the chairman for any tangible proof. I went that the real purpose of the amendment was to supply the Sen before the leaders on the other side and I said : " I covet, I ator from Illinois with the draft· record of Edsel Ford. court, the most thorough investigation. If there is anything in The amendment was very properly beaten. Regardless of the conduct of that election and in my conduct as governor of the interests of Edsel Ford, the amendment ought to have been Kentuck-y that authorizes the questioning of my 1·ight to a beaten. The Senator from Illinois thereupon took the floor seat in this body, then I am ready to face it here and now in and launched forth into this Ford controversy, and in the this place." course of his remarks expressed on this floor his opinion con More than that, I told them that if they would investigate I cerning the case pending in the court in Michigan. would agree that no witnesses should be brought from Kentucky With all due respect to the Senator from Illinois, he addressed except those of the opposite political faith, and that I was will the jury in the Newberry case; and if I am not mistaken, . I ing to allow a Republican committee, after hearing Republican venture the assertion that the newspapers in Michigan of the witnesses, to pass upon my right to a seat in this body. proper political persuasion have the speech of the Senator from l\ft·. TOWNSEND. Mr. President, the position of the junior Illinois given them to-day or will have it to-morrow, so that the Senator from :Michigan [Mr. NEwBERRY] is like that of the jur,ors sitting in that case can read it. Let me quote to the Senator from Kentucky [M:r. STANLEY]. It is.. not impossible Senator from Michigan what was said by the Senator from that the junior Senator from Michigan is an object of the Illinois yesterday in the course of his remarks. He said : same malign influences as those admitted by the Senator from It is charged that $178,000 was spent in the campaign in Michigan by the Republican candidate. Probably the truth when known upon a Kentucky. The Senate has already authorized an investigation hearing of the evidence will disclose that the money was spent by the of the Michigan senatorial election. That investigation will be Republican State central committee of the State of Michigan. It was pro::;ecuted. The junior Senator from Michigan denies that he a legitimate expenditure. I have a.s much right- is guilty of the crimes charged, the same as the Senator from Said the Senator from Illinois-· · Kentucky denies that he was guilty of the offenses charged to pass upon that question here as has Judge Sessions, who is presiding agwnst him. What the facts may be in the former case will in the trial of the indictment in which the same question is involved.. be disclosed, and no Senator is more willing than am I that It is within my jurisdiction- those facts shall govern the action of Senators. But I submit Said the Senator from Illinois- that it ill becomes the Senator from ·Kentucky at this time to as the trial of the indictment is within his. make a speech practically assuming that the junior Senator To-day on this floor again, the Senator from Illinois still, asj from Michigan is a criminal, that a crime has been committed I think, addressing the jury in the Newberry case, stated thaf, against the electorate of Michigan, when the case is on trial the indictment now pending agnin.St 123 defendants in Michigan.' aod not _an of even the prosecution's evidence is yet submitted. including a Senator of this--body, supplied but another instaneel LIX--197 • ' 3124 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 19, of Federal benevolence in behalf of Mr. Ford, and that Ford's or about to be brought before such court, to which action the applicant are scouring ali over l\Ilchigan runrung the prosecution is a party, that proof of such facts, matter~ and things is necessary to ag·ents the due administration of justice. and that t.ne1 disclosure of this portion of the Federal Government, and·'Ford's attorneys are sitting in of the contents of said questionnaire will not be detrimental to the with the attorneys of the United States Government to per- estate or interests of the deceased registrant, his widow, heirs at law, or ·pen·ate this outrage-that is the substance of his remarks-upon legall~presentative, provided such certificate is accompanied by the <.'On sent in writing to the disclosure of such information of the legal repre innocent men·. · · · - · sentative of the deceased registrant, it there be one, otherwise Qf any It may be that these are innocent men. I decline to express one of the following persons, to wit ; The widow, father, mother, adult an opinion upon their guilt or innocence. I assume them to be s.on daughter, brother, or sister of the deceased registrant, each Qf whom shall, while living, successively in the order named. have the exclusive ltlnocent until they are proven otherwise. The thing about tight and option to give or to withhold suc.b consent. which I am complaining and the thing about which I under "Any person connected with the administra.'ti<>n of the selective stood the junior Senator from Kentucky {Mr. STli • 1920. GONGRESSIONAL REGORD-- SENAT-E-. 3125 now whether that bill. extended ·to the park-men here-as well in t-he general appropriation· bill, which provides-, for th~ - Army_~-,_,_ ·- ·-· · as the pollee force; but if so, it was b~au e of prior legislat;ion and the Signal Corps SJ)eeifi.cally and takes care of all condi- which made these park men policemen as well; that is; gave tions up untH the 30th of June of the present fiscal year, ther~ them ·police authority. was a large appropriation carried for the Signal Service Corps. ·' All the employees in the District of Columbia are being _re -That bill contemplated the retention and use of most, if not an. viewed by the .. Reclassification Commission and they will be of existing camps. It seems to me that there should have been taken care of at some time in the future. Their pay is provided a diminution or a reduction in the appropriation, and that out of for in the legislative, executive, and judicJal appropriation· bill, the appropriation made, in view of the fact that we are abandon· which has been reported to the House and which carries the ing some of the camps; there would have been a portion of it annual appropriation for all these matters, District of Colum to have been returned to the Treasury. bia and others. · Mr. WARREN. Mr. President, will the Senator permit me to l\lr. BORAH. In other words, if -I should desire to undertake interrupt him? to equalize the pay of the Rock Creek Park men or of the park The PRESIDINU OFFICER. Does the Senator from Utah men.. in the city, I would have to do it.in connection- with the yield to the Senator from W-yoming? , legislative, judicial, and executive appropriation bill?· 1\Ir. KING. I am very glad to yield. Mr. WARREN. It should be dQne in that bill. Mr. W ARRE..'N. Let me read an extract from the testimony l\lr. BORAH. This is merely a deficiency appropriation bill? of Capt. Arnold, who is one of the witnesses appearing before Mr. WARREN. Let me say that it is not only a deficiency the committee. _I asked him what had been done with some but it is an urgent deficiency bill. One will follow that, of other appropriations, and here is what he said: ' t course, which will be a general deficiency bill. The item to Capt. ARNoLD. Yes, sir; but the Signal Corps, out or its $150,000,000 which the Senator alludes with reference to the Metropolitan for 1919, covered into the Treasury a larger percentage than any other_ department, and did It promptly, and it was taken away from us before police is simply to cover a defect in a prior bill, where they we had terminated our contracts, and we made some big savings along made appropriations for the District men and did not attend that line; because if we had gone on and ·completed contracts as other to it that one-half should be paid by the District and one-half corps did, we would have used up a great deal more of the money and ·bad much less to turn into the Treasury, and we would have been put _by the United States Government. to a good deal more expense for commercial telephone service ; if we had l\lr. SMOOT. Mr. President, in addition to what the Senator gone on and continued work on these contracts instead of chopping them from 'Vyoming said, I will say that the policemen in the Zoologi right square and cutting off all further expenditure. cal Park are. not members of the Metropolitan police force. That is only one paragraph of Capt. Arnold's testimony, but They are appropriated for in a different bill from the policemen the entire testimony pro,-es that they had been frugal. · They · of the city. have turned the money back into the Treasury. From the 1\lr. WARREN. I spoke only of the other parks in the city. previous appropriation we simply allow them $500,000 now in They are park policemen. order to enable them to go on and complete the contracts and 1\:lr. SMOOT. I am coming to the point I wanted the Senator do necessary work. They are in some cases operating over theit· to understand. They are appropriated for in the legislative ap own lines, but where they are paying out rentals we allow them to propriation bill. finish up the contracts. . 1\lr. BORAH. That is, the Rock Creek Park men? l\fr. KING. The Senator will bear in mind the fact that for 1\lr. SMOOT. The Rock Creek Park policemen. · Under that some time after we entered the war the Signal Corps had charge bill they get the $240 bonus. That applied to all the policemen of aircraft production. The two services operated together. in the park, but it is true that the amended bill, incr~~sing the Gen. Squiers, the Chief Signal Officer, had control of the aircraft Metropolitan police, did not apply to the policemen in the Rock produrtion, and there was a large amount expended for the Signal Creek Park. Corps activities. . 1\lr. BORAH. The place where we may settle that properly Mr. WARREN. w ·hen the Signal Corps was divided the money wilt be on the legislative appropriation bill? _ that had been appropriated for the Signal Corps was diverted 1\le. SMOOT. Yes; and that is before the House of Repre largely to the aircraft branch of the service, and there was only sentatives now. enough left to carry on the operations of the Signal Service. Mr. BORAH. I hope the Committee on Appropriations of the l\fr. Sl\IOOT. Mr. President-- - Senate will bear that in mind when it is before the committee. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from 'Vyo so that it will take less time when it conies into the Senate if it ming yield to the Senator from Utal1? comes out of the committee. 1\Ir. WARREN. I yield. The next amendment was, on page 17, after line 19, to insert: 1\Ir. SMOOT. l\Iy colleague the junior Senator from Utah RIVER AND HARBOR WORK. [:Mr. KING] will remember that there were about $27,000,000,000 For payment of claims adjusted and settled under section 4 - of the appropriated for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1920. river and harbor appropriation act approved June 2;), 1910, and certi fied to Congress during the present session in Senate Document No. 1\ir. KING. And $9,000,000,000 was for the War Depart 214, $956.63. ment. The amendment was agreed to. Mr. SMOOT. About $9,000,000,000 was for the War Depart· , · The next amendment was, under the head" ~lilitary Establish ment. However, after the signing of the armistice there was an ' ment," on page 18, after line 1_, to insert: act of Congress takirig from those appropriations-how much, I will ask the Senator from Wyoming? - SIGNAL SERVICE OF THE AU:\IY, · Mr. WARREN.· About eight or nine billion dollars iii the Telegraph and telephone systems : For the same purposes as specified under this title in the act entitled "An act making appropriations for different departments. the support of the Army for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1920, and Mr. SMOOT. I am now speaking of the Army. for other purposes," approved July 11, 1919, the sum of $500,000 is hereby made available until June 30, 1920, from the appropriation 1\Ir. WARREN. I will give the exact amount to the Senator "Signal Service of the Army " for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1919 : from Utah in a moment. Provided, That not to exceed $3,000 may be expended from the appro Mr. SMOOT. In round numbers, I will say between three ·pTia tion for " Signal Service of the Army " for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1920, for tuition{ laboratory fees, etc., for Signal Corps officers billion and four billion -dollars. The Signal Service, among detailed to civilian techn cal schools for the purpose of pursuing tech other services, was &.ffected by that legislation. The Signal nical courses of instruction along Signal Corps lines. ~ervice now finds there was too great an amount repealed from 1\lr. KING. 1\-Ir. President, I sliould like to inquire of the the appropriation and is now asking for $500,000 for the chairman of the committee what the purpose of this amendment appropriation that has already been turned back into the Trea:J is and what its effect will be. As I remember, the general ap- ury of the United States. That expression, Mr. President, is propriation bill for the present fiscal year carrie a very con- not altogether accurate; under that legislation they were not siderable appropriation for the Signal Service. · allowed to expend the entire appropriation theretofore made, Mr. WARREN. The Senator will notice that this is Q;Ot an and now they are asking for $500,000 to meet expenses which appropriation, but is merely a permission to use that much of they have incurred and are now asked to meet over and above -the original appropriation, and it is used not only for the con that which was allowed them by the legislation which was struction of new lines but also for tlle rental of lin-es which the passed revoking the previous appropriation. I was not present Government does not own but is compelled to use at the Yarious at the time the hearings were held, and I can not speak as to cantonments and places that are not yet abandoned and where the details of this appropriation; but I take it for granted that in many cases they have troops. the hearings will disclose all the facts. They asked for nine hundred and odd thousand dollars, but Mr. WARREN. Mr. President, in connection with what tbe after a severe grueling of the witnesses the committee was senior Senator from Utah [~Ir. SMOOT] has just stated, I desire entil·ely satisfied that they ought to have at least $500,000, and to say that-the amount turned back from the Military EstabHsh- · ~ that amount was allowed. _ _ ment was $6,85(?,835,124.35, $334,000,000 of which was for the - Mr. KING. 1\fr. President, I confess that I 3126 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 19, Mr. KING. The Senator from Wyoming, of course, means Mr. KING. Mr. President, I should like an explanation of the from the various appropriations which were made for all pur- item of $1,500,000 for the Medical Department. poses. _. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair will suggest that it Mr. 'VARREN. I said from the appropriations which were has been agreed that the committee amendments shall be first made for the Military Establishment. considered, and the item referred to by the Senator is not a Mr. Kll~G. I understand; I recall the law very well, and I committee .amendment. remember the representations which were made as to the un_. Mr. KING. I appreciate the fact that it is not, but I thought, expended balances of the various appropriations which· had been perhaps, in the interest of economy of time, we might consider made for the various departments, especially for the War and these items as we proceed. · Navy Departments; but I also recall very distinctly-though I The reading of the bill was resumed. . am not a member of the Military Affairs Committee or the Appro The next amendment of the Committee on Appropriations was, priations Committee, and-of course therefore labor at a very on page 19, after line 6, to insert: great disadvantage oYer those Senators who are members--that MISCELLANEOUS. there was a very liberal appropriation made for the Signal Serv For bridge across the Missouri ·River connecting the two tracts ot ice Corps,- I think a full and ample appropriation, particularly- land composing the military reservation at Fort Leavenworth, Kans., . Mr. WA.RREN rose. $35,000. . • ' Mr. KING. Let me complete the sentence-in view of the The .amendment was agreed to. ; / 1920. .GQ~ctRESSION AL RECORD-SENATE. - 3127 ' Resolved, That the storing of high explosives on the milit~ ran~e pri.ation bills as to compel the turning back into the Treasury at Camp Robinson is a great menace to Sparta and surrounding tern If tory and we the undersigned do urgently. petition the War Department at the end of the fiscal year of all unexpended balances. 'to discontinue the storage of high explosives at_ ~amp Robinson and additional appropriations are required to complete unfinished for the removal of explosives now stored on the military range at Camp projects, Congress, which is in session almost continuously, with Ro~~~dnthis 7th day of February and signed: F. KERN. the generosit"y and, indeed, prodigality which it exhibits toward meritorious-and too frequently unmeritorious--claim's, will The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on agreeing to provide ample additional appropriations. the amendment of the committee as amended. If a rule will not meet the situation referred to, I shall offer The amenilment' as amended was agreed to. a bill which will require the departments and governmental The reading of the bill was resumed and continued to the end agencies to cover into the Treasury all unexpended appropria of line 3 on page 21, the last item read being as follows : tions at the end of each fiscal year. Naval Records of the Rebellion: Not exceeding $15,500 of the unex The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Secretary will continue pended balance of the appropriation for the contJ:luation for the fis~al the reading of the bill. years 1913 and 1914 of the publication of an edition of 111000 copies of the official records of the Union and Confederate Nav}eS, in th:e The reading of the bill was resumed. _ War of the Rebellion, which were continued and made available unhl The next amendment of the Committee on Appropriations June '30, 1918, by the act appr?ved September 8, 1916, are further con was, under the head of "Naval Establishment," subhead "Pub tinued and made available until June 30, 1921. lic works, Bureau of Yards and Docks," on page 22, after line 1. 1\ir. KING. 1\!r. President, I do not intend to attack this to strike out : item, but, for information, I inquire of the chairman of ,the Norfolk, Va., Navy Yard : For dry dock and accessories, to complete. committee if it is not the practice to turn back into the Treasury exclusive of any profit to the contractor, $451,047.30. at the end of each fiscal year all unexpended balances? It The amendment was agreed to. seems to me that that would be the proper policy; it is the only The next amendment was, on page 22, after line 6, to insert: way that a proper system of bookkeeping can be maintained; For expenditures incident to the construction of the Pearl Harber and then, if there is further work to be done, an appropriation Dry Dock, as set forth in Senate Document No. 210, Sixty-sixth Con to cover the work could be made. But to carry appropriations gress, second session, $128,260.60. along as apparently has been done in the case of this particular The amendment was agreed to. _ item 'from the year 1913-14, and make it available year after The next amendment was, under the head of" Department of year' because it is unexpended, instead of converting it into the the Interior," subhead "National-park service," on page 24. Treasury, and then ma-king reappropriations, will lead to con after line 3, to insert : fusion and to extravagance and waste and will permit the con For the construction of a log crib dam necessary for the protection cealment of appropriations for an indefinite period of time. If of bridge over the Elk Fork of the Shoshone River on the Cody'approach that policy is pursued, it seems to me it ought to call for con road to Yellowstone National Park, $3,000. ldemnation and lead the Appropriations Committee to a com The amendment was agreed to. plete abolition of it. The next amendment was, under the subhead " Patent Office," Mr. SMOOT. ~fr. President, this particular item has been on page 24, line 9, after the word "from," to strike out "Feb running since 1913, having been extended from year to year ruary" and insert "March," and in line 19, after the words since that time. This bill extends it until June 30, 1921, but it "in all," to strike out "$28,083.33" and insert "$22,466.67," so has been stated positively that this is the last request which as to make the clause read : - will be made for the extension of this appropriation. Whether For additional eiDJ.)loyees from March 1 to June 30, 1920, inclusive, that will prove to be correct or not, I can not say; but Con at annual rates of compensation as follows: Examiners-1 principal at $2,700, 2 first assistants at $2,400 each, 2 second assistants at gress will, have to determine whether or not it will be extended $2,100 each, 2 third assistants at $1,800 each, 2 · fourth assistants beyond the period mentioned in the bill. It seems to me that at $1,500 each; examiners of trade-marks and designs-1 second assist eight years is ample, and, so far as I am personally concerned, ant at $2,100; 2 third assistants at $1,800 each; 2 fourth assistants at $1,500 each; clerks-1 of class 4 (versed in business administration), if tliis appropriation is not expended for the purposes named in 4 of class 4, 8 of class 3, 10 of class 2; draftsmen-! at $1,600; 1 at the paragraph by June 30, 1921, I shall -oppose any further $1,400; translator <>f languages, $1,600; ip all, $22,466.67. extension. Mr. Sl\IOOT. Mr. President, I rose for the purpose of calling Mr. WARREN. Mr. President, the reason this appropriation the attention of the Senator from Nebraska [Mr. NoRRIS] to was not expended was because of the war and the lessening of this item. A bill has been introduced increasing the number the number of men who were engaged in it because of war serv of employees in the Patent Office, and I wanted the Senator ice with the consequence that the work could not well be canied from Nebraska, who is chairman of the Patents Committee, to on 'until the war was over. In the last bill the item providing for know that the increase of employees is taken care ·of in this carrying forward of this work went out in conference, I believe, bill. I will say to the Senator that really it ought to be taken because of a misunderstanding. This appropriation will enable care of at this time, if at any time. The Patent Office has been the work to be finished. So far· there have been completed a short of employees for a long time, and they are away behind great many volumes, and this appropriation will enable the maps in their work. If we are going to give them any extra em and indices, and so forth, to· be prepared, which is an exceed ployees, it ought to be done at this time rather than later. ingly important part of ·the work, and unless it is done all that Mr. KING. Will they be permanent employees? has gone before is of little use. Mr. SMOOT. They will, unless Congress reduces their Mr. KING. If the Senator will permit me-- number. These are regular statutory salaries, and when the 1\I.r. WARREN. This item is peculiar. I do not care to take legislative appropriation bill comes before the Senate the addi4 the time to relate the peculiarities ; but the Senator. is right that tiona! employees provided for in this paragraph will be added unexpended balances should be turned back into the Treasury. to it, and this appropriation will be carried on for the fiscal .Of course, the Senator is aware that the Constitution itself pro year ending June 30, 1921. This only goes to June 30, 1920. :vides that for the Military Establishment Congress can only ap Mr. KING. I should like to ask my colleague whether the propriate money two years ahead, but we oftentimes make ap investigations made by the committee demonstrate the neces propriations available for that length of time. sity of a permanent increase in the personnel of this depart4 1\Ir. KING. Mr. President, it is a very fortunate thing that ment? - the Constitution contains that prohibition, because if that Mr. SMOOT. Yes, they do, and this is one of the depart were not there I am afraid that with the lax methods which ments of the Government that more than pays its way. As long seem to have been pursued-and I do not say that by way of as the business is there, and as long as the extra employees bring any criticism-we would be carrying these appropriations for into the department more than sufficient returns to pay their an indefinite period. Like Mahomet's coffin, they would be sus compensation,. I am perfectly willing that Congress sh(}uld pended 'twixt heaven and earth. The money would not be in appropriate funds for that kind of a service. the Treasury; it would not be out of the Treasury. It would The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the be carried in some suspended account, and it would be difficult amendment of the committee. for persons attempting to get an accurate statement of the The amendment was agreed to. financial affairs of the Government to understand whether it The reading of the bill was resumed. was an asset or whether it was a liability. The next amendment of the Committee on Appropriations Mr. WARREN. I shall have to say, however, that we are out was, under the subhead u Public buildings,'' on page 26, after of order in discussing this matter at this time. line 1, to insert : 1\Ir. KING. Let me say in-all kindness to the Senator that Old Land Office Building: For labor and material required in the if the Committee on Appropriations fails to secure a reform in installation of a new ash tank and for a vacuum cleaner for water-tube this respect I shall feel constrained to offer an amendment to boilers in the power plant located in the Old Land Office Building, Sev the rules, if that method of procedure will reach the matter, enth and E Streets NW., $10,000. requiring the Committee on Appropriations to so frame appro- The amendment was agreed to. ' 3128 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SE: ~ ®. FEBRUARY 19, The next runendment was, under tbe subhead " St. Eliz.abeths terrogations with respe-ct to such items as the bill is read, instead Hospital," on page 26, line 23, before the . word "accounting," of coming back again after concluding the reading of the bill, be to strike out " The" and insert " Hereafter the," so as to make cause when the matter is taken up again the notes of the re the clause read: porters and the RECORD would not show the provisions of the Hereafter the accounting officers of the Treasury are authorized to item under discussion. If the interrogation followed the reading cr edit the accounts of the special disbursing agent of St. E!izabeths of the item, then it would be intelligible. Ho pital with such amounts as be has or may here~fter pay m car.ry ing out the provision of the sundry civil act of July 19, 1919, relatmg I ask unanimous consent that amendments may be offered or to the r eadjustment of salarie~ at the hospital, and the ~chedule of questions propounded with respect to the text of the bill as we salaries and allowances for mamtenance, where the latter 1s not pro vided by the hospital, approved by the Secretary of the Interior August proceed without first disposing of all of the comn1ittee amend 1 and November 25, 1919, respectively, or as may be modified hereafter ments. lty him, notwithstanding the act of April 6, 1914, or section 4839, Mr. WARREN. We can not, of course, give unanimous con HHised Statutes, United States, as ·amended. sent to change the unanimous-consent agreement already made. Mr. Sl\JOOT. :Mr. President, was any real reason given for l\ir. KING. I did not know that that had been done. changing the woFd " The " to " Hereafter the "? That means, Mr. WARREN. Unanimous consent was asked, immediately of course, that hereafter-- upon starting the consideration of the bill, to consider the bill :Mr. W ARUEN. I know just what it means, and 1t was duly for amendment, the committee amendments to be first consid considered by the subcommittee, and very carefu lly cousidered. ered. 1t is in relation to the employees at the Government Hospital Mr. KING. Of course,- then, I ~hall not ask to have the roll for the In ane. 'Ve opened that up by allowing the payment to called in order to secure a quorum to ask for unanimous consent employees out of lump-sum appropriations of such sums. as to alter that agreement. were favorably passed upon by the Secretary of the Interior, the Mr. 'VARREN. Of course, the Senator can make any obser superintendent of the insane hospital, and, I believe, one other vations he wishes to, but we must follow the rule. official, with a provision that they should not exceed the salalies '.rhe VICE PRESIDENT. The Secretary will continue the that the same class of employees receive at other places in the reading of the bill. same line of business. In order to retain those employees tbey The reading of the bill was resumed. ·have to know that the salary of the place is not going up and Tlle next amendment of the Committee on Appropriations was, down. If we do not put in here the word " hereafter " to carry under the head of "Department of Justice," on page 29, after it along until we make some other provision, the superintendent line 6, to insert : of the insane asylum will be very much emb;;trrassed. CONTI NGE~ T EXPENSES. :Mr. Sl\100T. The only thing I bad in mind was that when For miscellaneous expenditures, inclu ding telegraphing, fuel, lights, ever we pass a law saying that hereafter it shall be the law, foreign postage, labor, repairs of buildings, care of grounds, books of it never appears in future appropriation bills ; and unless reference, periodicals, typewriters and adding machines and exchange of same, street car fares not exceeding $200, and other necessaries; tli- somebody goes and digs out appropriations of that class and rectly ordered by the Attorney General, $5,000. - calls attention to them, they will remain forever and the same For stationery for department and its several bureaus, $5,000. For furniture and repairs, including carpets, file holders, and ca es, provisions will apply, no matter what changed conditions may $5,000. _ come about. Mr. WARREN. The Senator is giving a different shade to The amendment was agreed to. this from that intended. Of course what he says is true of such The next amendment was, under the subhead " Detection andj appropriations that have been, I think unfortunately, made prosecution of crime," on page 29, line 24, after the word "not in bills-for instance, for vocational education ahd for farm withstanding," to insert " Pr ovided {1trthe1·, That the sum of matters, where exact sums are provided for every succeeding $75,000, in addition to that now provided by law, shall be avail year, and are so provided in the original laws-but this is able for the compensation of necessa1;y employees serving at the simply a matter of providing from year to year, and there are seat of government," so as to make the clause read: two or three checks on it. The first is the check that in order Appropriations under the Department of Justice for the fiscal year 1920 for detection nnd prosecution of crimes shall be available for ad to be expended it has to have the approval of the committee, vances made by the disbursing clerk of said department, when authorized composed, as I said, of the Secretary of the Interior and _the and approved by the Attorney General, the provisions of section 3648 of. others whom I have named; and then we have reports, and then the Revised Statutes to the contrary notwithstanding: Provided turthe1·, That the sum of $75,000, in addition to tha t now provided by law, shall we have to appropriate the sum nece~sary to cover. I do not be available for the compensation of necessary employees serving at the believe we are taking any chance, because we can repeal it seat of government. at any time. I think the Senator from Utah will agree witb 1\fr. KING. Mr. President, I suggest that the word "further," me that we have a very able superintendent in Dr. White. on line 25, page 29, be stricken out as unnecessary. Mr. SMOOT. Oh, Mr. President, there is no doubt about Mr. 'VARREN. Certainly. ~ It is the only proviso in that para that; but we do not know how long Dr. White will be there. graph. Mr. WARREN. This is the only thing he asked the com Mr. KING. But what I rose for primarily was this: Does the 1 mittee for, and he asked for it with a great deal of earnest Senator know what this $75,000 is for? And is he very clear ness. I could, of course, read into the RECORD his testimony. that this is not available from some appropriation heretofore Ur. SMOOT. I shall content myself by saying that this made? . · class of legislation ought to be stopped, and stopped quickly. Mr. WARREN. This does not appropriate. 'Ve have already The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the appropriated the money and prescribed the amount which could amendment of the committee. - be expended within the _District, and they want to expend the The amendment was agreed to. sum already appropriated and $75,000 more on account of the The ~ading of the bill was resumed. extra work occasioned by this raid on Bolsheviks and others, The next amendment of the Committee on Appropriations and, of course, to arrange for the guarding of whisky and other was, on page 27, after line 9, to insert: matters that have loaded more work on the District than it for The Secretary of the Interior is authorized to make regulations governing the disposal of articles produced by patients of St. Eliza merly had. beths IIospital in the course of their curative treatment, either by Mr. KING. It is for the payment, then, of employees in the allowing the patient to retain same or by selling the articles and District? depositing the money received to the credit of the appropriation from $100,000 which the materials for making the articles were purchased. Mr. WARREN. All of it. They asked for privilege, and we told them we could give them only $75,000, after agreeing The amendment was agreed to. . that the ·money was really necessary, and they will try to get The reading of the bill was resumed and continued to line 24, through on it. page 27, the last paragraph being as follows : ~.fr. SMOOT. Mr. President, this simply means tbat t11ere POST OFFICE DEPARTME~T. will be employees additional in the District of Columbia sufficient CONTINGE~T EXPENSES. to consume the $75,000. The Department of Justice has been li'or miscellaneous items, including the same objects specified under adding to the number of employees for months past. It does this head tn tbe legislative, executive, and judicial appropriation act for the fiscal year 19~0. $15,000, of which sum not to exceed $6,500 may be seem to me that some time or other a halt must be called. l<'or expended for telephone service and not to exceed $150 may be expended months past I have received no report with reference to the for street car fares. number of employees in the different departments of the Gov Mr. KING. Mr. President, of course I understand the rule is ernment that did not show additional employees in the Depart that where amendments are tendered by the committee they shall ment of Justice in the District. I can understand that there be disposed of before suggestions are made or amendments of would have to be more employees in that department out in the fered with respect to other parts of the bilJ. It seems to me, field, but I fail to see how -a.ny Bolsheviki can be detected by though, in the interest of the economy of time, that where per a lot of employees in the District of Columbia, and I fail to see hap , after an explanation, an amendment would not be offered where the detection of crime is going to be made by having a lot to the general text_of the bill, it would be best to make the in- more employees brought into the District. ' - J-920. . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 3129 It seems to me that the amount is- asked to be inserted simply Mr~ SMOOT. Really, Mr. President, I think it ought to go because the amount of money already appropriated .will not be out. I do not think we ought to have any more employees in expended, and they want to take the $75,000 to put more em the District of Columbia than we have at the present time. · If ployees into the District. the Senator from Wyoming has no objection, I think it should I think from this time on I shill place in the RECORD the go out. report furnished me every month as to the number of employees The amendment was rejected. in the District of Columbia in every department of the Govern The next amendment was, on page 30, after line 2, to insert: ment,. and I hope that Senators and Representatives will note UNlTliD STATES COURTS. the increase that is going on in a great many of the departments. The appropriation contained in the legislative, executive, and judicial \Vhen will it cease? Never as long as there is a dollar to pay appropriation act of March 1, 1919, for salaries of district judges, shall them. This only gives $75,000 more to bring more employees be available for the salaries of all United States district judges law into .the District of Columbia. fully entitled thereto for the fiscal year 1920, or any portion thereof. 1\lr. KING. Mr. President, unless the committee are satisfied The amendment was agreed to. with this item, I think it ought to be disallowed. The Senator The next amendment was, under the subhead " Coast and from Wyoming made a statement with regard to the enforcement Geodetic Survey," on page 33, after line 4, to insert :' of the law which provides for the deportation of certain aliens. For making alterations to vessela transferred from the Navy Depart Senators are familiar with the action of the Government in caus ment, $20,500, to continue available during the fi.scal year 1921. ing the arrest of a large number of aliens who were subject to :Mr. KING. Mr. President, in connection with this item and deportation from the United States. I rise merely !or the pur ·the other i:tems under the head of " Coast and Geodetic Survey,'' pose of stating that I have observed in the press recently that I wish to ask the Senator if the various items, $140,100, $22,370, out of the large number arrested for deportation many of them $68,000, and 20,500 are deemed necessary? The Senator will have been discharged or released on bail. remember that the Coast and Geodetic Survey had a very liberal We have beard a great deal about raids made upon Bolsheviki appropriation in the last general appropriation bilL The other and anarchists and others subject to deportation from the United day we placed the Coast and Geodetic Survey officers in a bill States. Several hundred were deported to Russia some tiwe which increased their compensation 31 per cent. Complaint was ago, but if the reports appearing in the press are true many made that they could not keep men in !:be service, and that a who, under the provisions of the act of Congress of October, large number of them had resigned. 1918, are subject to deportation are being released on bail, and It would seem, if that were true, that instead of there being a no present purpose seems to exist to speedily send them._ out deficit-because we made a very liberal appropriation-there of the United States. Several weeks ago I introduced a bill ought to be some money available to be turned into the Treasury transferring from the Department of Labor to the Department of the United States. But it would appear that the more men of Justice the administration of the laws with respect to the leave the service of the Government the larger the appropria deportation of aliens. It would seem that some agency of the tion and the greater the deficit. Government is delinquent in enforcing the law against those I do not understand, in view of the very extensive appropria who are seeking the overthrow of this Government by force and tion which we made, and in view of the slowing down of the violence and who come within the terms of the act of October, activities of the Coast and Geodetic Surrey, instead of there 1918. If there were ample grounds for the arrest of hundreds being a deficit there ought to be money available to be turned into recently "'gathered in by the Government," and I think there the Treasu~y of the United States. were in most instances, they ought to be :promptly deported. Will the Senator tell us why these deficits exist and why it ' Recently some ministers were very much agitated because we is necessary, just before we are to pass a general appropriation were deporting aliens, and sought to have officers of the law bill for the co:fuing :Qscai year, that we should make these large nullify its provisions. I fancy that some of those ministers appropriations? My inquiry, of course, would not apply so much would do better service for their country and for the cause of to the pending amendment for making alterations to vessels humanity if they would preach a little more of Christ and Him transferred from the Navy Department, $20,500. · crucified and mix a little less in affairs with which they are Mr. WARREN. That stands by itself, I will say to the Sena unfamiliar. tor, and is for a vessel turned over to it which is unseaworthy. There was a demand well-nigh universal in this Nation that The Navy, complaining of not having su:fficient funds to repair the anarchists and the communists and those who followed the its ships, turned this ship over, and it was believed right for ' proclamations of the third international at Moscow be deported the sur>ey to have money to repair it, as there was no money not only because their doctrines were inimical to the·perpet:ui:ty available for that purpose. of free institutions but because the program of the Moscow con On the other hand, last year we appropriated $115,000, and ference demanded the destruction by force and violence, by revo they want $51,300 to carry the matter through. The House be lution and bloodshed, of this Nation and other nations. The lieved they were right in putting in $37,000. We made examina Bolsheviki of Russia called the Moscow conference for the pur tions accordingly and felt that they should have it, because there . pose of devising methods· of carrying on a world-wide revolu has been a great demand for the work of the Coast and Geo tion and the destruction of all law and order and all govern detic Survey, because of the great number of ships built,. not ments, and at that international conference declared war upon only for the war, but we are putting out many more for the all nations and the overthrow of the present social structure merchant ma~ine and thos-e engaged in shipping. AU these have and the rule of a tyrannous, cruel, barbarous despotism ·called a right to ask for charts from the Government and are asking the dictatorship of the proletariat. Lenin and Trotski had their so numerously that the business done before the war along that disciples here seeking to execute this wicked and diabolical line is not comparable at all with the amount of business that is policy. Lenin and Trotski, profess-ing, as they are doing now, exacted of the department now. friendship for other nations in order to lift the blockade and The committee of the Senate believed that the work had to be seduce this Nation and other nations- into some sort of a treaty finished sooner or later, and now is the t:i.nle to go on and finish • with them, are aiming at the destruction of all government, and it. We believe that the amount the House put in sho-uld be they are sending their spies and their representatives and their 1·etained. criminal agents to propagandize this and other nations and to Going on to the other amendment, where they had $250,000 undermine law and order and to destroy the governments of the and wanted $106,000, they are given $57,000. .Another place world. Hundreds of their followers are in the United States. where they had $400,000 and asked for $84,000 they got $68,000. Hundreds of them were arrested. They ought to be deported Mr. KING. Does. the Senator believe that the amount should instead of being released. The Department of Labor~ that has be appropriated now in view of the fact that the- general appro to do with the enforcement of the law, ought to carry out the priation bill will take care of this agency as it will all · other terms of the statutes or it ought to c-onfess its utter inability departments and agencies of the Government? - to discharge the duties required by law, in which event we could 1\1r. WARREN. That is for next year, however. transfer to some other department the administration of the Mr. KING. That is for the fiscal year commencing July 1. statutes of the United States which provide for the deportation Mr. WARREN. :Mr. President, I do believe that, if we are of anarchists and certain other classes of undesirable. aliens. going to continue to support the Coast and Geodetic , Survey, Mr. WARREN. I understand the. amendment is no.t agree now is the time to be liberal with them, and then we can cut able to the Senator. I am perfectly willing to strih.-.oe it out. down in the future, hecanse there is more ar less of the work Mr. KING. I do not know enough about it. The Senator that is, I will not say temporary, but is in the nature of a fiow knows what the s-ituation is. that exceeds the call heretofore, and it must., of course,. lessen ~Ir. WARREN. The information that we had was such that before long. I thought it ought to go rn and go to conference. I do not want to go into the matter of the uncharted seas, but Mr. KING. I do not know enough about it to justify a re the Senator knows that there. is a great deal of work to. do. Up quest for its rejection. in the Alask.an waters every now and tben ·a . ship goes down, i 3130 CONGRESSIONAL ~ RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 19, and many people and cargoes are lost because of rocks unknown I think, a Ford, and the property clerk, who comes and goes and theretofore unseen. and has a great deal to do, has a car. I think, however, it is The amendment was agreed to. his own. But these were old cars when they were taken. These The next amendment was, under the head of "Legislative," Sergeant at Arms officers are not asking for new cars, but that on page 39, after line 15, to insert : those which they have shall be kept up. I think one or tvi'o of SENATE. them are, probably, out of commission. · To pay Lucy Day Martin and Thomas Staples Martin, · jr., heirs at Mr. KING. I should like to ask the Senator whether this law of Hon. Thomas S. Martin, late a Senator from the State of Vir is the first time that an automobile has been furnished to the ginia, $7,500. Secretary of the Senate? The amendment was agreed to. Mr. WARREN. I am inclined to think that one was fur The next amendment was, on page 40. after line 19, to insert: nished to the Secretary of the Senate four or five years ago. For the purchase of a motor-propelled passenger-carrying vehicle for Mr. KING. Did Mr. Baker, the predecessor of the present the official use of the office of the Secretary of the Senate, $3,000, or so Secretary of the Senate, have a car? much thereof as may be necessary. Mr. WARREN. I think he did, and a very fine one. Mr. KING obtained the floor. Mr. KING. Was it paid for by the Government? Mr. KENYON. Mr. President-- Mr. 'VARREN. It was. Mr. KING. I yield to the Senator from Iowa. Mr. KING. All I can say is that it was a very unwise and Mr. KENYON. I was going to inquire the necessity for the improper expenditure, in my opinion. item which has just been read. It seems to be for the purchas Mr. 'VARREN. How I came to know that it was a fine car ing of an automobile for the use of the Secretary of the Senate, is that I, with others, happened to be summoned to the White and the amendment following that seems to be for the purchase House once or twice and was carried down in that car. Is the of " motor vehicles for carrying the mails and for official use of Senator from Utah inquiring as to the former Secretary of the the offices of the Secretary and Sergeant at Arms, $5,000." Is Senate or the former Sergeant at Arms? · this an appropriation to purchase an automobile for the use of Mr. KING. I am inquiring as to the former Secretary of the the Secretary of the Senate? Senate. Mr. WARREN. It is. The Senator desires some information. Mr. WARREN. The car of which I spoke was that of the I also desired information and received it. former Sergeant at Arms, but the former Secretary of the Sen- The Sergeant at Arms and Secretary of the Senate receive a ate also had one. - given salary and formerly a certain amount was provided for Mr. KING. Furnished by the Government? teams-horses and carriages, harness and equipment, and so Mr. WARREN. Oh, yes. Not only that, but before the e forth. Of course, that has been done away with, and now motor officers had cars they had, as I have said, hor es and wagons vehicles are used. Most of the cars now in use are some that and equipage. They had those for some time. were taken from the War Department. They had been long in • J\1.r. KING. Under the economies, Mr. President, of the Fed use. The Secretary of the Senate received one Hudson car, eral Government, of course it has become necessary that we which is now in the repair shop. He has no conveyance pro should furnish cars for a large number of employees of the Gov vided, except as we may provide one for him. We all draw our ernment. I notice upon the streets every morning as I come money at the Secretary's office ·here, so do all the employees, on to the Senate scores and, indeed, hundreds of cars used by the the 15th and at the end of each month. Large amounts of money War Department; and I am advised that these cars are used are required to meet the payments, so that two employees go by the families of officers. That may be proper; it may be that every day to the Treasury, and usually twice a day, and some it is a proper application of the money which is wrung from times several times in a day, to transact business of a financial the taxpayers of the United States to furnish cars for the offi nature. In this work expedition is required, and it is also neces cers of the Army and the Navy who in such great abundance sary to guard against attack. The Secretary himself may be such rich abundance-inhabit the city of Washington. called upon suddenly to go almost anywhere. Mr. WARREN. As the Senator from Utah has said, there Now, as to the Sergeant at Arms, whether right or wropg, are a good many cars that officers of the Army are using. 1 the Sergeant at Arms has, I think, four or more cars or auto have not been fortunate enough lately to see ladies riding in mobiles, if you can call "flivers" automobiles. He himself any of them, but at one time here, as the Senator will probably has a good one, I think. recall, it was almost a law in this District that he with his car What causes the expenditure of the $5,000 is that the Senate, or I with mine if we passed a lady in the street who was a in its wisdom through its Committee on Contingent Expenses war worker we should pick her up and take her to her destina of which I have no control, not being a member and not having tion. In that case Army automobiles were probably used the been so for years-authorized the employment of some four or same as ours were. . five so-called chauffeurs, to be paid from the contingent fund Mr. KING. I hope the Senator from Wyoming is not attempt of the Senate. Then there come naturally the repairs of the ing to justify that which everybody knows is an improper use · motor engines, and so forth, that must be paid for. by the War Department of automobiles in this District. Mr. KENYON. For what are these different automobiles Mr. WARREN. On the contrary, we have under a provision used? of law, in the enactment of which I participated, placarded Mr. WARREN. They are not only used for the carriage of them all, so that we shall know that they belong to the Govern mail but for the transportation of commodities of any kind ment; and under the rules and restrictions we have imposed it which have. to be carried. Of course, sometimes late at night is positively forbidden that they shall be used for any but some of them are used for Senators to take them home from late official purposes. Senate sessions, but not very often; that occurs only occasionally. Mr. KING. Attention has been called upon a number of occa I think the Senator will notice ·that cars are passing very often sions to the improper use of Government vehicles by officials of which are marked "Senate," with loads or partial loads of the ,War Department and various employees of the Government. • various kinds. J\fillions of dollars have been expended for this purpose. I think Mr. KENYON. Mr. President, it may be that it is necessary it is a good time now to draw the line and call a halt. to furnish an automobile for the Secretary of the Senate-- If anyone is entitled to a vehicle, I am sure the present efficient Mr. wARREN. I think it is highly necessary to provide and competent Secretary of the Senate is, and I should dislike to transportation for the conduct of the business; it ·has been so single him out for the purpose of enforcing a rule of economy; considered since I have been in the Senate, and was so con but I think we ought to begin somewhere, and I suggest to the sidered many years before that. committee if it would not be wise now to cut out this item and Mr, KENYON. , Then the motor-propelled car is used for the begin pruning with respect to the use of vehicles by so many of purpose of carrying -on the business of the office of the Secre the employees of the Government. tary of the Senate and not in any event for the personal use Mr. WARREN. Mr. President, I consider this provision of the Secretary of the Senate? necessary to the convenience of the Senate, and I am not pre l\Ir. WARREN. It is not used in that way. It is for the use pared to advocate that it be eliminated. I hope the item may of the Senate, and it is in daily use for that purpose. be sustained. Mr. KING. May I inquire of the Senator if the cars which Mr. HITCHCOCK. Mr. President, nohvithstanding the state are used by the Sergeant at Arms-some four or five of them, as ment of the chairman of the Committee on Appropriations, I am I understand the Senator-might not be employed for the same very doubtful whether this item has ever before appeared in any purposes as that for which the Secretary of the Senate employs appropriation bill. Certainly I have never seen it, and if I had cars? seen it I would have objec1:ed to it. As the Senator from Utah Mr. WARREN. They are used for similar purposes; they are has said, it is now one of the serious e~ils in the District of used, as I have stated, for mll;il and other purposes. The Columbia that probably hundreds of public officials are riding in Sergeant at Arms and the Assistant Sergeant at Arms have, automobiles provided by the GoYernment and are usirig them for 1920. CONGRESSIOX itL RECORD-SENATE. 31311 private and ocial purposes. If the Senate sets this example of l\lr. WARREN. It bas been here right along. It is not the giving to its Secretary an automobile, which the chairman of the fault of the Committee on Appropriations that the Senator has committee admits he may use for his per~nal and individual not seen it. purposes, the Senate will be in no position-- Mr. HITCHCOCK. Does the Senator state now that the Sec 1\Ir. WARREN. I do not admit anything of the kind. retary has an automobile? l\Ir. HITCHCOCK. The Senator did a few minutes ago. l\1r. WARREN. He has what remains of aHudson automobile Mr. WARREN. I made no such statement. that was turned over to him that came from the War Depart Mr. HITCHCOCK. The Senator said a few moments ago that . ment, and he states that it is unfit for use and can not be used of course the Secretary would use it for his personal purposes, now because it is worn out. although it was for official use. Mr. HITCHCOCK. Can the Senator state how it happened to 1\Ir. \V ARREN. So far as the facts are concerned, I never come from ·the War Department? · knew of his using it for anything of a personal purpose. Does the Mr. WARREN. Because the War Department, at one time or Senator think that when, as sometimes happens, $100,000 has to another, have delivered automobiles quite lavishly to other de be brought up to the Capitol from the Treasury that some clerk partments. In fact, we legislated that they should turn them should go to the department and bring it back on foot? over. Not only that, but they have turned over thousands of l\Ir. HITCHCOCK. I think the Senate possesses automobiles them to the Post Office Department for road making and other that can be used for that purpose. The Sergeant at Arms has a purposes. number of automobiles, mail-carrying automobiles, and others, Mr. HITCHCOCK. The Senator has assured us th·at we and I have not any doubt that that can be provided for without have been putting items in appropriation bills for the purchase assigning an automobile to the Secretary. of an automobile for the Secretary. This seems a small matter in its relation to one public official, l\Ir. WARREN. Yes. but it is a bad example to set to the District and to the other Mr. HITCHCOCK. Now, he states that the .Secretary is departments of the Government; and we as a legislative body are using one that he acquired from the War Department, a second, in no position to criticize administrative officers if we provide for hand car. employees of the Senate automobiles which they may use. If Mr. WARREN. Yes. the automobile is purchased as necessary for the use of the Sen l\Ir. HITCHCOCK. Those statements hardly comport. Which ate, it ought to be for the use of the Senate and not for the use of is true? Have we been furnishing the Secretary with an auto any official of the Senate; there ought not to be any possibility mobile heretofore? that an official of the Senate can use it for personal or inilivld:oal Mr. WARREN. 'Ve have; and I said to the Senator, and I purposes. '"ill say it again, that we heretofore provided transportation Mr. WARREN. It is nearly 30 years since I first came to the for the office of the Secretary who preceded the present one, Senate, and, although I may be wrong about this, I do not re and we provided one for the Secretary before that. We have member any appropriation bill that contained an appropriation provided, as I say, all these years for a conveyance that has for automobiles for the Army or other branch of the Govern been considered necessary, and we have always appropriated ment that has not been discussed here aRd the extravagance to maintain-that vehicle, wliether it be a horse and buggy, or oenounce 1\Ir. HITCHCOCK. I thought the Senator had sent for the general public, perhaps it is sufficient to say that the general notes. public do not know anything about it. l\Ir. WARREN. I do not know whether they are here or not. If it is designed to give employment to a few more em The Senator's charge was that I said that this car was for the ployees-and that is about what it amounts to-then the sooner Secretary's personal purposes. it is dispensed with the better. Mr. HITCHCOCK. No. I have an office on the same floor, and consequently I pass Mr. WARREN. I ask whether that is true or not. the restaurant eve1~y day. Sometimes th-ere are people in there. Mr. illTCHCOCK. No; my inquiry was addressed to the Sen- engaged in satisfying the wants of the inner man, and some- ator from Wyoming as to whether the Secretary might use the times not. Now, this i-s a small item, and, of course, it is car for his private or personal benefit, and I understood the hardly worth the time that I am occupying in calling the atten Senator from Wyoming to state that he could. tion of the Senate to it~ but I do not know. We say we must 1\Ir. wARREN. I remember no such statement; quite to the find some point somewhere as an economic start from which we contrary, because I never had that idea. I bave been fighting can proceed, with the intention expressed by both parties in all here for years to bring about just what the Senator is fighting their national platforms, to economize in the public administra for, but I believe in fighting over something larger than one tion. I have ,endea-vored. to find that particular starting point automobile for a servant of the Senate. here on many occa~ons, but in vain. Now, I want to see if we Mr. HITCHCOCK. Then, the position of the Senator, I take can not start with the restaurant in the Senate Office Building,. it, is that this ear, if purchased, could not be used for personal because I am satisfied that once we can get a send-off we may or social or private purposes, but only for official use? be able to make a record. Mr. WARREN. That will be with the honor of the Secre- Mr. KNOX. Mr. President-- tary; but the appropriation certainly provides for its use only The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Colorado for official purposes. yield to the Senator from Pennsylvania? Mr. HITCHCOCK. Does the Senator answer the question in Mr. THOMAS. I yield. that way-that it could not be used properly for personal and 1\fr. KNOX. I think I can give the Senator from Colorado social purposes? some information on the restaurant in the Senate Office Build· Mr. WARREN. It could not be used properly under this ap- ing. propriation for purely personal purposes ; no. The building as originally constructed provided for that res- l\1r. SHERl\fAN. Mr. President, I should like to ask the taurant, and it was condacted up until about a year ago and ranking member of the Foreign Relations Committee if he then abandoned. There was a great deal of complaint made on knows how many automobiles were kept at the Hotel Crillon behalf of the employees of Senators in the Senate Office Build· during the peace conference in PUJ!'is, and if he has any definite ing of being deprived of the opportunity of going in the building information of the eost eha-rged to and paid out of the Presi- to some place where •they could get a light luncheon;· so that dent's eivil list? the Committee on Rules, after giving the matter full considera- Mr. IDfl'CHCOCK. 1\Ir. President, I might reply to the Sena- tion, concluded that in a limited way, and at a reduced cost and tor by suggesting to him that in view of his statement yesterday a reduced service, .they would establish a buffet lunch in the that he might abandon his Republican associates if they did , :room that had been originally provided for that purpose. There not save the Senator from Michigan from expulsion from the was another reason, and it was quite an important reason. It Senate, he should, in view of his intention, treat the Democratic relieved the congestion at the noon hour in the main Senate res side with a little more consideration at this time and not embar- taurant; and we have found that while it is not operated at a rass us by any questions that might be difficult to answer. profit-neither is the larger restaurant operated at a profit-it Mr. SHERMAN. There will be no embarrassment at all; is a very great convenience to the young women and young m~n but I want the information and I have not got it. in the Senate Office Building, and many persons employed in the 1\fr. HITCHCOCK. We like to view the Senator as· a possible Capitol go over there, on account of the luncheons being served recruit over here. more cheaply than they are in the main restaurant That was The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair~s understanding was the reason why the Committee on Rules decided to reestablish that the Senator's inquiry was addressed to the Senator from it in a modest way. • Massachusetts [Mr. LoDGEJ. Mr. THOMAS. 1\ir. President, the Senator from Pennsyl· l\1r. WARREN. Mr. President, if there is any subject on vania has deprived me of the comfort of finding a starting point earth that has not been discussed while this bill has been before of economy in the Senate restaurant. I knew some one would the Senate I hope it may now be trotted out and fought out on blight my rising hopes and direct my efforts to some other item the floor. of this or some other bill, where, I suppose, I shall meet with Mr. SHERMAN. I thought I would complete the circuit. I the same conclusion. Of course, the item is small; and if my Th~ VICE PR'E;SIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the distinguished friend aBSU.r"es me th;:tt it is neces ary, in the amendment of the committee. opinion of the present Committee on Rules, I shall endeavor to The amendment was agreed to. conceal my disappoinqnent by directing attention to the next The reading of the bill was resumed. item. The next amendment of the Committee on Appropriations was,. Mr. WARREN. .Mr. President, let me comfort the Senntor 'On paove 40, after line 22, to insert: a little. This bill, as reported, contained between two and three For maintaining, exchanging, and equippiri.g motor vehicles for carry- million dollars less than the bill that came from the Hou e. . tug the mails, and for ofiicial use of the o.ffiees of tlle Secretary and 1\fr. THOMAS. Yes; I noticed that in the Senator's report. Serg-eant at Arms, $5,000, or so- much thereof as me..y be necessary. 1\Ir. WARREN. The Senator knows how seldom that haH The amendment was agreed to. e-ver occurred, if in his life he ever saw it occur before, in this The next amendment was, at the top of page 41, to insert: kind of a bill. For fuel, oil, cotton waste, aml advertising, exclusive of labor, $'1,000. 1\lr. THOl\fAS. I have known it to occur once or twice before, The amendment was agreed to. but not on the same scale. However, the bill is not through the The next amendment wa.s, on page 1, after line , to insert: committee of conference yet, and I am not going to bark until 4 2 I get out of the woods. I am satisfied that the Senator has For the Capitol: For repairs, improvements, equipment, and supplies done his best; but inasmuch as the House vociferously pledged tor Senate kitchens and· restaurants, Capitol Building and Senate Office )3uilding, including personal and other services, to be expended by the itself to economy, I very much fear that a conSlderable part of Superintendent of the Capitol Building and Grounds, under the super- this $2,000,000 saving will disappear in the compromise. vision of the Committee on Rules, United States Senate,. fis~al year Now, Mr. President, without occupying any more of the time of 1919, $4,966·79· . the Senate than is absolutely necessary, I want to call attention 1\Ir. THOl\fAS. 1\!r. President, the amendment just read to the next amendment, which I will relieve the Secretary makes an appropriation that is applicable to the Senate kitchens who has been hard at work all day-by reading my elf: and restaurants, both in the Capitol Building and in the Senate Senate- Office Building: Fol' secu.ring plans for the con truction of Office Building. an additional section to the Senate Office Building to be placed along If there is a civil establishment in the city more needless and Firstapp.roaehes Str-eet toeast, the and entire for preparationbuilding, including cf drawings pers onalfor thservices interior in andthe less profitable than the restaurant in the Senate Office Building, District o:t Columbia and elsewhere, labor an ·96 men and their aids, and it is about as large as-the House along with one room, the very fact that they are able to do it ·building, which is constructed for the use of 435 men and their indicates that we are somewhat extravagant in insisting -qpon _aids. I think there is as much waste space in the Senate Office three rooms apiece for each Member of this body. ' Building as in any public building in this country-huge rooms Mr. LODGE. Mr. President-- that are sometimes, but seldom, used; one magnificent room that Mr. THOMAS. I yield to the Senator from Massachusetts. never has been used, as I am informed, except on one occasion, Mr: LODGE. The Senator speaks in a large way of four and that was for the drawing of numbers for the draft in 1917 or five great rooms that are never used. I know of but one. and 1918. Now, what possible need is tl.J.ere at this time for even Mr. THOMAS. I said " never used " ; I mean used only going to the extent of drawing plans for a section of a .building occasionally. where 96 men have an a\erage of two and a half rooms apiece, Mr. LODGE. 'Vhat other rooms are never used? with a good many rooms on one floor, I understand, th.at are still Mr. THOMAS. They are occasionally used. available? Mr. LODGE. I think they are all used. I think they are Mr. WARREN. Mr. President, may I interrupt the Senator? all attached to some committee. Mr. THOMAS. Yes; certainly. Mr. THOMAS. Take the room marked "Conference of the Mr. WARREN. This expenditure, to really complete what was minority." That is used very seldom. The present minority intended in the first place-that is, complete the office building has its conference room in the Capitol Building. It is used, does not indicate any early expenditure in constructing the addi of course, for various investigations. We can not carry on 60 tional wing. The Senator himself remembers that he took the investigations at the same time without occasionally using some committee to task at one time; perhaps I ought not to say that, of those rooms. but he said that the building ought to be finished and some Mr. LODGE. I think they are all in use except the great stairways put in at once where they had not yet been put in. room the Senator spoke of, the minority conference room. Mr. THOMAS. Yes; I remember that. Mr. THOMAS. It may be that in the sense that they are Mr. WARREN. I remember the very proper suggestion I re used occasionally, that is true. ceived once from the Vice President, that something ought to be done. There was a building committee that was appointed Mr. LODGE. The minority conference room we occupied until 1'1. year ago, and now the minority has the-conference room we originally to go on and complete the building. Of course, the had, and the majority has none. members of the original committee have passed away. The pres Mr. THOMAS. If the Senator plans to allow the majority ent chairman of that committee is the chairman of the Commit to get .along without a room, we will try to get along without - tee on Appropriations, and the other two members are members a ro,om, too. of the Committee on Rules. It is considered necessary to have these plans ready to proceed so far as finishing the building up Mr. LODGE. I do not think there is a great deal of space to these little matters of steps and stairs to which the Senator there that can be cut up. Of course, there are rooms there has alluded and to have the plans if we ever want to complete that can be cut up, but we must have some large rooms where the building. hear:ings can be held. There are none in the Ca_pitol that are Mr. THOMAS. Mr. President, if I understand the logic of fit for the purpose. my genial friend from Wyoming, it amounts to this: Because I Mr. THOMAS. I would not sacrifice them all, but I think complained that the stairs and steps and some other deficiencies additional space can be had there. ought to be added to the building for its completion, be pro Mr. WARREN. May I call the Senator's attention, following poses to provide plai\,S for the building of an entirely new sec what the Senator from Massachusetts has said, to the fact that tion. If my efforts at accomplishing something are to bear the House Members mostly serve on one committee, and only that sort of fruit, the sooner I get out of the Senate or, at best, one if it is an important committee. They have less clerks and take my seat, the better off the taxpayers will be. less business and less people calling their attention to various I might say that 1f plans for the purpose of constructing the matters, so that they can better endure the crowded offices and steps needed for the entranee of the building nearest the Union the lesser number of clerks than can Senators. Station can not be furnished otherwise, I can draw them myself, Mr. THOMAS. Mr. President, I think this is no time for the and I will not charge the Government a cent. Senate to increase its office accommoda~ons or to go to the ex Mr. KNOX. Mr. President-- tent of taking preliminary steps in that direction. The need Mr. THOMAS. And if it be necessary to extend my archi for public buildings and. of repairs to public buildings in other tectural efforts a little further, I think I can supply a few doors sections of the country is much more insistent than any such that may be needed. I had no idea when I suggested those addi need here. For example, the old customhouse in the city of tions that the committee was going to take advantage of it and Denver can be converted into an excellent office building at an propose to build an entire new section of the building. I yield expense of not to exceed $25,000 and save the Government in to the Senator from Pennsylvania. rents a good deal more than that during the first two years after Mr. KNOX. I do not wish to thwart the Senator from Colo completion. rado in his admirable endeavors to economize, but if he knew Mr. WARREN. Are Government officials in Denver paying anything about the trials and tribulations of the room clerk of rent? the Senate, the position which I happen to occupy, he would Mr. THOMAS. They are. _ . know that there is a real demand for the completion of the Mr. WARREN. Is the Federal building in Denver the one building. Congress is in practically continuous session. It is that occupies a whole block, overrun? ' true that the House of Representatives has only a building that Mr. THOMAS. The Federal building is badly overrun-that is, perhaps, one-fourth larger than the Senate Office Building, is, the old Federal building. and it is an outrage that Members of the House shall be prac Mr. WARREN. What about the new public building as well tically limited to one room. as the old Federal building? . ' Three rooms are really essential to the work of a Senator. Mr. THOMAS. I am talking about the old one. I am in There are 32 Senators who have but two rooms. There is formed by the custodian that he can save more than $25,000 if scarcely a Senator who does not have to crowd into one of those he can get that amount of money for the purpose of cuttina up rooms two or three clerks, and it is almost impossible for a the spaces occupied by the postal department and conve1~tlng Senator to transact the business in his office under those cir those spaces into office rooms. They are badly needed. Of cumstances. course we all know that the Government bureau service is con· As the Senator from 'Vyoming said, it is not contemplated stantly expanding in the larger places throughout the country that the. building shall be immediately finished, but that there and particularly in the public-domain States. ' shall be some preliminary steps taken looking toward its final Mr. WARREN. To finish my inquiry, I know something, of completion. I understand that the House contemplates asking course, of the Federal buildings in Denver, Colo., and the for another building, probably of the same size as the existing mint-- building; and if it does, it ought to have it. That would not 1\Ir. THOMAS. Yes; Denver is indebted to the Senator very give them more than an average of two rooms apiece. largely for the last building. I sincerely hope that we may be able to take this preliminary Mr. WARREN. It seems to me that any one who is ac step. · , quainted with the public buildings in Denver and the number Mr. THOMAS. 1\Ir. President, continuing my references to of men employed in them, the -amount of space which they my own architectural capabilities, I am satisfied that I could occupy, would desire very much to increase the facilities of supply the needed extra rooms in the present structure by pro Senators and Representatives here, because, by comparison, viding for partitions in four or five of the enormous rooms in they are very much better provided for in those public buildings that building which are never used. 'Vhile my sympathies go than we are here in the way of public buildings for Members of out to the poor Members of the House wh~ are obliged to get Congress. ' 3134 .CONG-REBSIONAL RECORD--SENATE. FEBRUARY 19, Mr. THOMAS. I do not agree with the Senator. "I think ·we not be paid until the Attorney General shall have certified to the Secre· tary of the Treasury that there exist no grounds sufficient, in his opin· are not anywhere nearly so well provided for out in the sections ion, to support a motion for a new trial or an appeal of said cau e. to which I refer as we are here. · Th~ above judgment -shall not be paid until ·the right of appeal shall Since the enactment of the prohibition act, which is being bave .expired. -enforced, of course, throughout the country, since the widely The amendment was agreed to. extended responsibilities of the Commissioner of Internal Rev The next amendment was, in section 2, under the head of enue consequent upon the revenue act, the demand for space has "Audited clainls," subhead " Claims allowed by the Auditor for increased, I think, out of all proportion to the·demand for space the Treasury Department," on page 47, line 12, after the word by Senators and Representatives. We are saving at th-e spigot "officers," to strike out "$25,665.15" and insert "except the and wasting at the bunghole by refusing to consider appropria claim of Miller & Lux (Inc.), $20,917.51," so -as to make the tions for repairs of that kind, and at the same time presenting clause read : the spectacle to the country of spending money for our own com For payment of judgments .against internal-revenue officers, except fort and convenience when that would seem under all the cir the claim of Miller & Lux (Inc.), $20,917.51. - -cumstances to be ample at present. I therefore respectfully submit to the Senate that the appro The amendme11t was agreed to. priation ·Of $2,500 to which I have called attention should be The next amendment was, under the subhead " Claims al stricken from the bill. lowed by the Auditor fm· the Post Office Department," on page The VICE PRESIDENT. The question first is on the amend .57~ line 17, after "section 2," to strike out "$1,004.,G93.G4" and ment on page 41, lines 3 to 9. insert "$999,946," so as to make the clause xead : The amendment was agreed to. 'Total audited claims, section 2, $999,946. The VICE PRESIDENT. The question now is on the amend- The amendment was agreed to. ment on page 41, lines 10 to 18. 1\Ir. KING obtained the floor. The amendment was agreed to. Mr. WARREN. Will the Senator from Utah -yield to me for The reading of the bill was resumed. a moment? · The next amendment was, under the head of " Government 1\1r. KING. I yield -to the Senator from Wyoming. Printing Office," on page 43, line 19, after "1920," to strike out :Mr. WARREN. There are some committee amendments yet " $1,000,000 " and insert " $800,000," so as to .make the clause to be offered to the bill, and I am informed that there -are read: other amendments to be offered oy Senators. It is now half For public printing, public binding, and paper for public printing and binding, including the same objects specified under this head in the past 5 o'clock, and I move, Mr. President-- sund.ry civil appropriation act for the fiscal year 1920, $800,(1 ~ ''. 1\Ir. FRELINGHUYSEN. Will the Senator allow me to inter The amendment was agreed to. rupt him for a moment? The next amendment was, on page 43, after line 19, to insert: l\lr. WARREN. The Senator from Utah [1\fr. KINa] has the floor. · Hereafter enrolled bills and resolutions ot either House ot Congress shall be printed on parchment or paper of suitable quality as shall be 1.\.lr. KING. I desire to say to the Senator from Wyoming determined by the .Joint Committee on Printing. .that I have about 20 amendments to the bill, which I desire to The amendment was agreed io. · offer. '.Ehe next amendment was, on page 44, line 3, after the .words Mr. WARREN. I am about to move .a recess 11Dtil to-morrow. 'Interior Department," to strike out "$25,000 "' and insert Mr. Kll~G. Very well; I yield. "$15,000," so as to make the clause read: Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Will the Senator from Wyoming For printing and binding for the Interior Department, $15,000. withhold 'his motion long enough to act upon an amendment The amendment ·was agreed to. which I desire to offer? I must .attend a committee meeting The next amendment was, on page 44, line 5, ·after the words to-morrow, and it will be im_possible for me to be present in the "Department of Labor;" to strike out "$50,000" and insert Senate. If the Senator will consent-- "$25,000," so as to make the clause read: 1\I.r. WARREN. If the Senator from New 'Jersey will not For printing and binding for the Department of Labor, .$25,000. talk any longer and will offer the amendment, 'I will consent. .Mr. KING. I yield to the Senator from New Jersey in order ·The amendment was agreed to. that .he m&y offer his amendment. The next amendment was, on page 44, line 9, after the words Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. I offer the amendment which I "'Treasury Department," to strike out "$25,000" and insert send to the desk, and move its adoption. . " $20,000,'' so .as to make the clause read : The VICE PRESIDENT. The amendment is not in ord.eT For printing and binding for the Treasury Department, $20,000. -without unanimous consent. The amendment was agreed to. 1\Ir. FRELINGHUYSEN. I ask unanimous consent. The next amendment was, under the head" Judgments, Court Mr. KING. I think there is no objection. of Claims," on page 45, line 5, before the word " namely," to The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection? The Chair insert "and Senate Document No. 219," so as to make the clause hear:s none. read: 1\fr. KING. I do .not mean -by my remark to assure the Sena For payment of the judgments :rendered by the Court of Claims and tor from New Jersey that there will be no objection to the reported to Congress during the present session in .House .Document No. adoption of the amendment, because we shall object to it. 601 and Senate Document No. 219, namely. • The VICE PRESIDENT. The amendment proposed by the The amendment was agreed to. i Senator from New Jersey will be stated. The next amendment was, on page 45, line 8, after t'he words , .The READING Or.ERK. On page 23, after line J.6, it is -pt·o_posed "Navy Department," to strike out "$188.88" and · insert to insert: "$451.24," so as to make the clause read: BUREAU OF MINES. Under the Na-vy Department, $4.51.24. Tunnel investigations: For investigations of conditions dangerous to .health and safety in tunnels, s.bafts, and similar confined places, caused The amendment ·was agreed to. by deleterious gases, or arising during t.be construction of tunnels, The next ..amendment was, on page 45, line 9, after the words shrlts, and similar engineering works, with a view to improving such " in all," to strike out " $1,89~51 " and insert ·"$5,156.87," 'SO as conditions by determining the most efficient means of protection from to make the total read : these dangers, including all equipment, supplies, expenses of travel, subsistence, and all other expenses requisite for and incident thereto, 1n all, $5,156.87. including per-sQ,Dal services .in the District of Columbia and elsewhere, The amendment was ·agreed io. to be :;nmediately available and continue available during t.be fiscal The next amendment was, on _page 45, after .ii:ne .11, to insert : year 1921, $100,000. Mr. 'VARREN. 1\I:r. President-- JUDGMENTs IN INDIAN DEPREDATION cLAIMs. Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. I thinK I liave the floor. For payment of the judgment rendered by the 1920. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3135 Mr. li'RELL. -GHUYSE~. .A parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Presi HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. dent. Mr. W AHREN. I witllhold the point of order for a moment. THURSDAY, February 19,1920. 1\Ir. FRELINGHUYSEN. The S.enator from Wyoming sug The House met at 12 o•clock noon. gests a point of order agrunst the amendment upon several The Chaplain, Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D., offered the fol grounus, and I should like to ask him on which ground he is making the point of order? lowing prayer: The VICE PRESIDENT. On all of them. Eternal God. our Heavenly Father, we bless Thee that Thou 1\fr. W .A.RREN. I make the point of orde1· that it is general hast created man, an undeveloped being, and hast pUtced him legislation. We can settle it on that, if we wish. Then,, if in an unfinished world to multiply and develop its resources. necessary, I shall make tbe point of order against the amend- and thus develop his physical, intellectual, moral, and spiritual ment on another ground. , powers by the discovery of the raw material and molding it Mr. FHELil'IGHUYSE.N. The Senator has rese-rved his point into the finished product. of order until I make my explanation on the amendment, as I Work is therefore a blessing. Idleness invites defeat to the understand. individual and his fellows. Give us therefore the desire to 1\!r. 'VARREN. I withhold the point of order a few moments. develop ourselves and shape the unfinished world into a veritable Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. I understand that this item has Garden of Eden, where we may live in peace and harmony been estimated for. It was submitted to the committee by the with Thee and all mankind, inspired by the life, character, and Senator from New York [Mr. CALDER] and tbe Senator from precepts of the world's Great Exemplar. Amen. New J'ersey [Mr. EDGE], for v~-hom I now offer it. New Jersey The Journal of the proceedings of yesterday was read and ap • and New York have joined to build a vehicular tunnel. It is proved. very important that the question of toxic gases be investigated. There will be in that tunnel over 2,000 automobiles an hour. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. There is only one laboratory in the cormtry that can make this A message from the Senate, by l\1r. Richmond, one of its clerks, research, and that is in the Bureau of Mines. There are three announced that the Senate had agreed to the amendments of other similar tunnels in the country. I understand that the the House of Representatives to the bills of the following titles: Senator from New Jersey has submitted the amendment to the S. 2454. An act for the relief of certain members of the Flat committee and that it is in order. I ask for a ruling on the bead Nation of Indians, and for other purposes; and amendment, 1\Ir. President. S. 796. An act for furnishing water supply for miscelluneous The VICE PRESIDENT. The point of order made by the purposes in col'lnection witb reclamation projects. Senator from Wyoming against the amendment is that it is new The message also announced that the Senate had passed bill of legislation. the fallowing title, in which the concurrence of the House of Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. The Senator has made that point. Representatives was requested: The VICE PRESIDENT. That it is general legislation on an S. 3484. An act authorizing certain railroad companies, or appropriation bill. their successors in interest, to convey for public road or park Mr. W ARREL~. There are several points of order against the purposes certain parts of their rights of way. amendment; but the Senator from New Jer·sey wished me to The message also announced that the Senate had passed with :;tate one specifically. I make the point of order that it is legis out amendment the bill (H. R. 3654} to authoriz.e the governor lation increasing an appropriation in an appropriation bill; that of the Territory of Hawaii to acquire privately owned lands and lt has not been recommended by any committee and was not r-ights of way within the boundaries of Hawaiian National rntroduced as an amendment and sent at the proper time to the Park. ::ommittee. And there are other points of order I might make SL"'U.TE BILL REFERRED. tgainst the amendment. Under clause 2 of Rule XXIV, Senate bill of the following title Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. I do not know what tmderstand was taken from the Speaker's table and referred to its appro ing the Senator from New York,. who is a member of the com priate committee, as indicated below: mittee, or the Senator from New Jersey had with the chairman S. 3484. An act authorizing certain railroad companies or their of the committee. I was asked to offer this amendment. I successors in interest to convey for public road or park purposes understood it woul~ be received by the Senate and that the certain parts of their rights of way ; to the Committee on Public Senate would give it consideration. The very fact that the Lands. ._ Senator from New York, who has asked me to offer the amend ment, is a member of the committee indicates that undoubtedly ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. he knew the position in which I would be in before this body The SPEAKER announced his signature to enrolled bills of in acting for him. I do not think be would have asked me to the following titles: submit an amendment which was subject to a point of order S. 2454. An act for the relief of certain members of the Flat in this way. I am perfectly willing that the amendment shall head Nation of Indl1ms, and for other purposes; and be ruled out of order, but I simply ask for fair treatment, be S. 796.. An act for furnishing water supply for miscellaneous cause this matter very seriously affects a large project in my purposes in connection with reclamation projects. State. I hope if the Senator from Wyoming desires to adjourn Q1::'ESTION OF PERSONAL PRIVILEGE. to-night at least be will allow the amendment to lie over, in Mr. FREAR. 1\Ir. Speaker~ I rise to a que,stion of personal order that further debate may be bad upon it to-morrow. privilege. Mr. WARREN. No; Mr. President, I make the point of order The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state his question of against the amendment. I told the Senator from New York personal privilege. that the amendment could not be considered, and I told the Mr. FREAR. The Democratic national committee, Mr. secretary of the Senator from New Jersey that I should make Speaker, has sent out a statement, which has been given wide the point of order against it. publicity throughout the country, in regard to my record during The VICE PRESIDENT. The rule is very plain that- tfie war, or what purports to be that record, which is so false, no amendments shall be received to any general appropriation bill the effect of which will be to increase an appropriation already contained so unfair, and bas such a bearing upon the report of the avia in the bill, or to add a new item of appropriation, unless it be made to tion committee which has been rendered, that I fee4 in justice carry out the provisions of some existing law, or treaty stipulation, or to the committee and in justice to the House, I ought at this act, or resolution previously passed by the Senate during that session; or unless the same be moved by direction of a standing or select com time to make a statement. - mittee of the Senate, or proposed in pursuance of an estimate of the The SPEAKER. The gentleman will disclose the point in the head of some one of the departments. statement to which he objects. An amendment moved by diredion of a standing or select com Mr. FREAR. It is taken from the Washington Post of yester mittee of the Senate must be introduced and referred to the day. Committee on Appropriations at least one day before it is con Mr. B.A.ER. Mr. Speaker~ I make ~e point of order that sidered. The amendment is not general legislation within the there is no quorum present. rule, but it is an amendment which increases the appropriation, Mr. FREAR. Will not the gentleman withhold that until I and it has not been moved by the diTection of any standing or secure recognition on the question of personal privilege? select committee. So the point of order must be sustained. Mr. BAER. I will withhold it. RECESS. Mr. FREAR. The headlines are Democrats bit back at critic. Mr. WARREN. I move that the Senate take a recess -until Say FREAR, who attacks Air Service, voted against war bills. 12 o'clock to-morrow. The motion was agreed to; and (at 5 o'clock and 35 minutes And then it goes on to say : Democratic national committee headquarters last night issued a ~tate p. m.) the Senate took a recess tmtil to-morrow, 'Friday, Feb ment charging that the chairman of the House subcommittee which on ruary 20, 1920, at 12 o'clock meridian. MondaY:, issued its scathing denunciation of the aviation report was