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Ep 0815857 B1 Europäisches Patentamt *EP000815857B1* (19) European Patent Office Office européen des brevets (11) EP 0 815 857 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.7: A61K 31/35, A61K 35/78, of the grant of the patent: A23L 1/307, A23K 1/16, 29.09.2004 Bulletin 2004/40 C12N 9/99, C07D 311/62 (21) Application number: 96943298.8 (86) International application number: PCT/JP1996/003810 (22) Date of filing: 26.12.1996 (87) International publication number: WO 1997/023210 (03.07.1997 Gazette 1997/29) (54) ANTIOBESTIC AGENT CONTAINING PROCYANIDIN AS THE ACTIVE INGREDIENT PROCYANIDIN ALS DEN AKTIVEN BESTANDTEIL ENTHALTENDE MITTEL GEGEN FETTLEIBIGKEIT AGENT ANTI-OBESITE DONT LE PRINCIPE ACTIF EST LA PROCYANIDINE (84) Designated Contracting States: • TAKANORI TSUDA ET AL: "ANTIOXIDATIVE AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU NL COMPONENTS ISOLATED FROM THE SEED OF PT SE TAMARIND (TAMARINDUS INDICA L.)" JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD (30) Priority: 26.12.1995 JP 33849395 CHEMISTRY,US,AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. WASHINGTON, vol. 42, no. 12, 1 (43) Date of publication of application: December 1994 (1994-12-01), pages 2671-2674, 07.01.1998 Bulletin 1998/02 XP000480151 ISSN: 0021-8561 • SERGIO, W: "A Natural Food, the Malabar (73) Proprietor: SUNTORY LIMITED Tamarind, May Be Effective in the Treatment of Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka 530 (JP) Obesity" MEDICAL HYPOTHESES, vol. 27, no. 1, September 1988 (1988-09), pages 39-40, (72) Inventors: XP002158138 • NAKAHARA, Koichi • BR. J. NUTR., 67(1), (1992), p. 57-65, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka 560 (JP) XP002942000. • NAKAI, Masaaki • CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, 120, (1994), Abstract Suita-shi, Osaka 565 (JP) No. 76086z, XP002943854 & POLYPHENOLIC • TAMURA, Yukiyoshi PHENOM., (1993), p. 187-197. Mitsugi-gun, Hiroshima 722 (JP) • KHIM.-FARM. ZH., 23(9), (1989), p. 1111-1115, XP000957645. (74) Representative: • YAOXUE XUEBAO, 21(10), (1986), p. 721-724. Hansen, Bernd, Dr. Dipl.-Chem. et al • TETRAHEDRON LETT., (26), (1967), p. Hoffmann Eitle, 2441-2446, XP002941974. Patent- und Rechtsanwälte, • CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, 106, (1987), Abstract Arabellastrasse 4 No. 188679n, XP002943855 & MED. ZH. UZB., 81925 München (DE) (12), (1986), p. 45-48. • PROC.-INDIAN ACAD. SCI., PLANT SCI., 93(1), (56) References cited: (1984), p. 1-5, XP002941999. EP-A- 0 713 706 WO-A-94/06809 • CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, 71, (1969), Abstract WO-A-95/30427 US-A- 4 166 861 No. 19523k, XP002943831 & INDIAN J. CHEM., US-A- 4 698 360 US-A- 4 797 421 7(2), (1969), p. 123-124. Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). EP 0 815 857 B1 Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) EP 0 815 857 B1 Description Technical Field 5 [0001] This invention relates to the use of an antiobestic agent containing as the active ingredient tamarind seed coat extract (procyanidin). Background Art 10 [0002] With the recent tendency toward westernized eating habits, obesity caused by hypernutrition, etc. continues to increase. Similarly, there is observed a continuous increase in obese pet animals. Namely, there arises a serious problem of obesity which is one of the risk factors for arteriosclerosis and relates also to diabetes and hypertension. Obesity means a state where fat is excessively accumulated in the body. The accumulation of fat in the body is caused by the excessive intake of saccharide (carbohydrates) or fat. 15 [0003] The mechanism of obesity caused by the excessive intake of carbohydrates is as follows. Carbohydrates contained in foods or beverages are digested into monosaccharides and absorbed into the body through the small intestine. The blood sugar level thus elevated induces the secretion of insulin which acts on fat cells. As a result, the monosaccharides in the blood are incorporated into the fat cells and converted into fat. [0004] On the other hand, fat (triglycerides) with the highest caloric content among food components is digested by 20 pancreatic lipase and absorbed through the small intestine. Excessive calory intake brings about an increase in reserve calories. That is, the excessive fat intake results in an increase in reserve calories and, in turn, obesity. [0005] Accordingly, studies have been made on various antiobestic agents for inhibiting some of these pathways toward obesity to thereby achieve an antiobestic effect. Namely, it is assumed that obesity can be prevented or relieved by the carbohydrase inhibitory effect, blood sugar increase inhibitory effect or monosaccharide absorption inhibitory 25 effect, by which the pathway from the excessive intake of carbohydrates to obesity can be inhibited, or the cholic acid adsorptive excretion promoting effect, cholesterol lowering effect, blood triglyceride lowering effect or lipase inhibitory effect by which the pathway from the excessive intake of fat to obesity can be inhibited. Thus a number of studies have been carried out on drug ingredients having these effects. [0006] First, illustration will be made of the carbohydrase inhibitory effect, monosaccharide absorption inhibitory 30 effect and blood sugar increase inhibitory effect by which the pathway of the excessive intake of carbohydrates to obesity can be inhibited. [0007] The term "carbohydrase" as used herein means digestive enzymes capable of degrading disaccharides (su- crose, maltose, isomaltose, lactose, trehalose, etc.) into monosaccharides (glucose, galactose, etc.) and involves α- glucosidase, β-glucosidase, sucrase, maltase, isomaltase, lactase, trehalase, etc. Carbohydrase inhibitors inhibit car- 35 bohydrases capable of degrading disaccharides into monosaccharides and thus retard the digestion of orally taken carbohydrates. As a result, a rapid increase in blood sugar level after a meal is retarded. As digestion is inhibited, disaccharides are slowly degraded into monosaccharides and the absorption of the monosaccharides into the intestinal tract is retarded. Then the increase in the blood sugar is suppressed. As a result, it is assumed that the synthesis of fat from carbohydrates is suppressed and the accumu-lation of somatic fat is thus inhibited. 40 [0008] It is considered that a rapid increase in blood sugar level after a meal due to the excessive intake of carbo- hydrates (saccharides) and excessive insulin secretion caused thereby will accelerate not only obesity but also diabetes or hyperlipemia [Yakuri to Chiryo (Pharmacology and Therapy), vol. 19, NO. 10 Oct. 284 (1991)]. It is therefore assumed that diabetes or hyperlipemia can be prevented or relieved by inhibiting carbohydrases. Moreover, the prevention of hyperlipemia is an efficacious methods for preventing arteriosclerosis [Saishin Igaku Daijiten (The Newest Medical 45 Dictionary), Ishiyaku-Shuppan, K.K., 1019 (1987)]. [0009] Accordingly, carbohydrase inhibitors, monosaccharide absorption inhibitors or blood sugar increase inhibitors are seemingly useful as antidiabetic agents, antihyperlipemic agents or antiarteriosclerotic agents. [0010] Carbohydrase inhibitors commercially available at the present time include Acarbose (manufactured by Bayer AG) which is an α-glucosidase inhibitor and Voglibose (manufactured by Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd.) which is a 50 drug for ameliorating abnormally elevated blood sugar levels arising after a meal. As a results of animal and clinical tests, it is confirmed that these drugs inhibit an increase in blood sugar level after a meal. Also, it is reported that they are efficacious against obesity and diabetes [Res. Exp. Med., vol. 175, 87 (1979); J. Japan. Agr. Chem., vol. 63, 217 (1989); and New Current, vol. 6, 2 (1995)]. [0011] Next, the cholic acid adsorptive excretion promoting effect, cholesterol lowering effect, blood triglyceride low- 55 ering effect and lipase inhibitory effect will be illustrated. These effects inhibit the pathway from fat (triglyceride) intake to obesity. [0012] Fat (triglycerides) is degraded by pancreatic lipase and absorbed through the small intestine. It is, therefore, estimated that the inhibition of lipase results in a decrease in the blood triglyceride level and, in its turn, contributes to 2 EP 0 815 857 B1 the prevention of obesity. By suppressing the absorption of fat through the intestinal tract, furthermore, the serum lipid level can be lowered and thus hyperlipemia can be prevented. [0013] A cholic acid (bile acid) adsorptive excretion promoter would bind to cholic acid in the intestinal tract and increase the excretion into the feces, thus inhibiting the exogenous cholesterol absorption. To compensate for the 5 decrease in cholic acid due to the increase in the excreted cholic acid, the catabolism of cholesterol into cholic acid is accelerated in the liver. It is estimated that the blood cholesterol level is lowered thereby. That is to say, it is considered that a cholic acid adsorptive excretion promoter is useful as an antiobestic agent, since it accelerates the catabolism of cholesterol into cholic acid and, as a result, the cholesterol is consumed and the degradation of fat, which supplies cholesterol, is promoted. 10 [0014] As a drug having a cholic acid adsorptive excretion promoting effect, colestyramine which is a remedy for hypercholesterolemia may be cited. It is an anion exchange resin. When orally
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