DOCSLIB.ORG

Diptera, Tabanidae) in Louisiana

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Diptera, Tabanidae) in Louisiana Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1963 Some Aspects of the Biology, Ecology, and Behavior of Horse Flies (Diptera, Tabanidae) in Louisiana. Bobby Horace Wilson Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Wilson, Bobby Horace, "Some Aspects of the Biology, Ecology, and Behavior of Horse Flies (Diptera, Tabanidae) in Louisiana." (1963). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 863. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/863 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been 64—166 microfilmed exactly as received WILSON, Bobby Horace, 1935- SOME ASPECTS OF THE BIOLOGY, ECOLOGY, AND BEHAVIOR OF HORSE FLIES (DIPTERA, TABANIDAE) IN LOUISIANA. Louisiana State University, Ph.D., 1963 Biology—Genetic s University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan SOME ASPECTS OF THE BIOLOGY, ECOLOGY, AND BEHAVIOR OF HORSE FLIES (DIPTERA, TABANIDAE) IN LOUISIANA A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty o£ the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Zoology, Physiology and Entomology by Bobby Horace Wilson M.S., Louisiana State University, 1960 June, 1963 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author wishes to acknowledge his indebtedness to Dr. E. C. Burns, Associate Professor of Entomology and chairman of the graduate committee under whose supervision this study was conducted, for his suggestions throughout the study and for his assistance with the preparation of the manuscript. Special thanks are due Dr. L. D. Newsom, Head of the Entomology Research Department, Mr. E. H. Floyd, Professor of Entomology, Dr. Dan F. Clower, Associate Professor Entomology, and Dr. Russell L. Miller, Associate Professor of Agronomy, for their encouragement and criticism of the manuscript. The author is grateful to Dr. L. L. Pechuman for identification of certain specimens, to Mr. Richard E. Franks for assistance with the color attraction studies and to Mr. Bruce Craven for assistance with the preparation of the graphs. The author also is grateful to Mrs. Mary Jo. Poirier for assistance with the editing of this dissertation. Many others have given help and assistance during the course of this study and the writer wishes to express his deepest thanks and appreciation to all. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..........................................................ii TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................... iii LIST OF TABLES ......................................................... vi LIST OF FIGURES....................................................... viii ABSTRACT .............................................................. xi INTRODUCTION ...................................................... 1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE ............................................. 3 MATERIALS AND METHODS ............................................. 14 Seasonal Distribution of Adults of the Composite Tabanidae Population .................................... 14 Relative Abundance and Seasonal Distribution of Species Collected............................................ 16 Comparison of Abundance and Species Composition of Adult Tabanidae Populations in a Lowland and an Upland A r e a ........................................ 18 Geographical Distribution Studies of Adult Tabanidae in Some Areas of L o u i s i a n a ............................... 19 Attraction Studies of Adult Tabanidae ...................... 22 Color of cattle in relation to attractiveness. 22 Effect of animal movement on attractiveness . 22 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ............................................. 24 Seasonal Distribution of Adults of the Composite Tabanidae Population .................................... 24 R e s u l t s ..................................................... 24 iii Page St. Landry Pariah, 1960 ........................... 24 Tensas Pariah, 1960 ............................... 26 West Baton Rouge Parish, 1 9 6 1 ..................... 26 West Baton Rouge Parish, 1962 29 St. Helena Parish, 1962 ........................... 30 D i s c u s s i o n ................................................ 33 Relative Abundance and Seasonal Distribution of Adults of Species Collected ........................... 35 R e s u l t s ..................................................... 35 St. Landry Perish, 1960 ........................... 35 Relative abundance of species .... 35 Seasonal distribution of species. 35 Tensas Parish, 1960 ............................... 39 Relative abundance of species .... 39 Seasonal distribution of species. 39 West Baton Rouge Parish, 1 9 6 1 ......................42 Relative abundance of species .... 42 Seasonal distribution of species. 44 West Baton Rouge Parish, 1962 46 Relative abundance of species .... 46 Seasonal distribution of species. 49 St. Helena Parish, 1962.. .......................... 51 Relative abundance of species .... 51 Seasonal distribution of species. 51 D i s c u s s i o n .................................................56 iv Page Comparison of Abundance and Species Composition of Adult Horse Fly Populations in a Lowland and an Upland A r e a ............................................ 61 R e s u l t s ..................................................... 61 Abundance of composite populations .... 61 Species composition of populations .... 61 Discussion ..... 64 Geographical Distribution Studies of Adult Tabanidae in Some Areas of L o u i s i a n a ................................ 66 R e s u l t s ..................................................... 66 D i s c u s s i o n ................................................ 66 Attraction Studies of Adult Tabanidae ........................ 76 R e s u l t s ..................................................... 76 Color of cattle in relation to attractiveness . 76 Effect of animal movement on attractiveness . 76 Discussion ...................... ..... 79 SUMMARY.................................................................. 81 LITERATURE C I T E D ..................................................... 84 APPENDIX .............................................................. 88 VITA ................................................................. 102 v LIST OF TABLES Page I. Location and dates of 30-minute spot collections for Tabanidae in Louisiana, 1962.................. 21 II. Species composition of the Tabanidae populations in St. Helena and West Baton Rouge Parishes, Louisiana. 1962.................................... 63 III. Average number of Tabanidae attracted to a moving and non-moving animal per three minutes . 78 IV. Weekly horse fly activity as indicated by the average number of flies alighting on a black mare during 15-minute counting periods in St. Landry Parish, Louisiana. 1960.................................... 88 V. Total number of specimens of each species of Tabanidae collected per 1% hours in St. Landry Parish, Louisiana. 1960........................... 89 VI. Weekly horse fly activity as indicated by the average number of flies alighting on a black mare during 15-minute counting periods in Tensas Parish, Louisiana. 1960.......................... 90 VII. Total number of specimens of each species of Tabanidae collected per 1% hours in Tensas Parish, Louisiana. 1960. ...... 91 VIII. Weekly horse fly activity as indicated by the average number of flies alighting on a black mare during 10-minute counting periods in West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana. 1961. ...... 92 IX. Total number specimens of each species of Tabanidae collected per hour in West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana. 1961...................... .... 93 X. Weekly horse fly activity as indicated by the average number of flies alighting on a black mare during 10-mlnute counting periods in West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana. 1962........................... 94 vi Page XI. Total number of specimens of each species of Tabanidae collected per hour In West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana. 1962.................................. 95 XII. Weekly horse fly activity as indicated by the average number of flies alighting on a black mare during 10-minute counting periods in St. Helena Parish, Louisiana. 1962............................... 96 XIII. Total number of specimens of each species of Tabanidae collected per hour in St. Helena Parish, Louisiana. 1962........................................ 97 XIV. Relative attractiveness to Tabanidae of black, red, and white cattle............................................. 98 XV, Relative attractiveness to Tabanidae of a moving and non-moving animal, St. Helena Parish, Louisiana, July 25, 1962............................... 99 XVI. Relative attractiveness to Tabanidae of a moving and non-moving animal, St. Helena Parish, Louisiana, August 1, 1962 100 XVII. Relative attractiveness to Tabanidae of a moving and non-moving animal, West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, August 15, 1962 101 vii LIST OF FIGURES Page Locations at which Tabanidae collections were made for species abundance and seasonal distribution, and geographical distribution studies, 1960, 1961, and 1962 .................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ohio EPA Macroinvertebrate Taxonomic Level December 2019 1 Table 1. Current Taxonomic Keys and the Level of Taxonomy Routinely U
    Ohio EPA Macroinvertebrate Taxonomic Level December 2019 Table 1. Current taxonomic keys and the level of taxonomy routinely used by the Ohio EPA in streams and rivers for various macroinvertebrate taxonomic classifications. Genera that are reasonably considered to be monotypic in Ohio are also listed. Taxon Subtaxon Taxonomic Level Taxonomic Key(ies) Species Pennak 1989, Thorp & Rogers 2016 Porifera If no gemmules are present identify to family (Spongillidae). Genus Thorp & Rogers 2016 Cnidaria monotypic genera: Cordylophora caspia and Craspedacusta sowerbii Platyhelminthes Class (Turbellaria) Thorp & Rogers 2016 Nemertea Phylum (Nemertea) Thorp & Rogers 2016 Phylum (Nematomorpha) Thorp & Rogers 2016 Nematomorpha Paragordius varius monotypic genus Thorp & Rogers 2016 Genus Thorp & Rogers 2016 Ectoprocta monotypic genera: Cristatella mucedo, Hyalinella punctata, Lophopodella carteri, Paludicella articulata, Pectinatella magnifica, Pottsiella erecta Entoprocta Urnatella gracilis monotypic genus Thorp & Rogers 2016 Polychaeta Class (Polychaeta) Thorp & Rogers 2016 Annelida Oligochaeta Subclass (Oligochaeta) Thorp & Rogers 2016 Hirudinida Species Klemm 1982, Klemm et al. 2015 Anostraca Species Thorp & Rogers 2016 Species (Lynceus Laevicaudata Thorp & Rogers 2016 brachyurus) Spinicaudata Genus Thorp & Rogers 2016 Williams 1972, Thorp & Rogers Isopoda Genus 2016 Holsinger 1972, Thorp & Rogers Amphipoda Genus 2016 Gammaridae: Gammarus Species Holsinger 1972 Crustacea monotypic genera: Apocorophium lacustre, Echinogammarus ischnus, Synurella dentata Species (Taphromysis Mysida Thorp & Rogers 2016 louisianae) Crocker & Barr 1968; Jezerinac 1993, 1995; Jezerinac & Thoma 1984; Taylor 2000; Thoma et al. Cambaridae Species 2005; Thoma & Stocker 2009; Crandall & De Grave 2017; Glon et al. 2018 Species (Palaemon Pennak 1989, Palaemonidae kadiakensis) Thorp & Rogers 2016 1 Ohio EPA Macroinvertebrate Taxonomic Level December 2019 Taxon Subtaxon Taxonomic Level Taxonomic Key(ies) Informal grouping of the Arachnida Hydrachnidia Smith 2001 water mites Genus Morse et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Nomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names
    Nomenclatural studies toward a world list of Diptera genus-group names. Part V Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart Evenhuis, Neal L.; Pape, Thomas; Pont, Adrian C. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 Publication date: 2016 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY Citation for published version (APA): Evenhuis, N. L., Pape, T., & Pont, A. C. (2016). Nomenclatural studies toward a world list of Diptera genus- group names. Part V: Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart. Magnolia Press. Zootaxa Vol. 4172 No. 1 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 Download date: 02. Oct. 2021 Zootaxa 4172 (1): 001–211 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:22128906-32FA-4A80-85D6-10F114E81A7B ZOOTAXA 4172 Nomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names. Part V: Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart NEAL L. EVENHUIS1, THOMAS PAPE2 & ADRIAN C. PONT3 1 J. Linsley Gressitt Center for Entomological Research, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817-2704, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. E-mail: [email protected] 3Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PW, UK. E-mail: [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by D. Whitmore: 15 Aug. 2016; published: 30 Sept. 2016 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 NEAL L.
    [Show full text]
  • ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects
    NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000).
    [Show full text]
  • The Bioacoustics of Tabanidae (Diptera)
    THE BIOACOUSTICS OF TABANIDAE (DIPTERA) DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Bastiaan Meijer Drees. B.A., M.S. * * * * * The Ohio State University 1980 Reading Committee: Approved By Dr. Donald E. Johnston Dr. Glen R. Needham Dr. Donald J. Borror ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This investigation could not have been undertaken without the help and support of many individuals. I am deeply grateful to my adviser, Professor Donald E. Johnston, for encouragement and guidance throughout my studies, and to my father, Mr. Jan Meijer Drees, for providing technical assistance for the aerodynamic aspects of insect flight. I am also indebted to Professor Donald J. Borror for the time and effort he gave in teaching me the fundamentals and techniques of bioacoustics, and to Dr. l. L. Pechuman of Cornell University for his continued assistance with the difficult dipterous family, Tabanidae. Special thanks must also be given to Professor linda Butler of West Virginia University for giYing me a broad base of entomological knowledge and the enthusiasm to pursue my interests. I have enjoyed working with my examination committee members, Dr. Glen R. Needham and Professor Willard C. Myser and I thank them for undertaking a project which was slightly out of the ordinary. Other members of The Ohio State University faculty who have had a profound influence on my years as a doctorate candidate include, Or. D. J. Horn, Dr . G. Ekis, Dr. D. L. Denlinger, Dr. C. A. Triplehorn, Dr. G. W. Wharton, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Diptera) in East Africa
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 769: 117–144Morphological (2018) re-description and molecular identification of Tabanidae... 117 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.769.21144 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Morphological re-description and molecular identification of Tabanidae (Diptera) in East Africa Claire M. Mugasa1,2, Jandouwe Villinger1, Joseph Gitau1, Nelly Ndungu1,3, Marc Ciosi1,4, Daniel Masiga1 1 International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Nairobi, Kenya 2 School of Biosecurity Biotechnical Laboratory Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity (COVAB), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda 3 Social Insects Research Group, Department of Zoology and Entomo- logy, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, 0028 Pretoria, South Africa 4 Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK Corresponding author: Daniel Masiga ([email protected]) Academic editor: T. Dikow | Received 19 October 2017 | Accepted 9 April 2018 | Published 26 June 2018 http://zoobank.org/AB4EED07-0C95-4020-B4BB-E6EEE5AC8D02 Citation: Mugasa CM, Villinger J, Gitau J, Ndungu N, Ciosi M, Masiga D (2018) Morphological re-description and molecular identification of Tabanidae (Diptera) in East Africa. ZooKeys 769: 117–144.https://doi.org/10.3897/ zookeys.769.21144 Abstract Biting flies of the family Tabanidae are important vectors of human and animal diseases across conti- nents. However, records of Africa tabanids are fragmentary and mostly cursory. To improve identification, documentation and description of Tabanidae in East Africa, a baseline survey for the identification and description of Tabanidae in three eastern African countries was conducted. Tabanids from various loca- tions in Uganda (Wakiso District), Tanzania (Tarangire National Park) and Kenya (Shimba Hills National Reserve, Muhaka, Nguruman) were collected.
    [Show full text]
  • Studies on Vision and Visual Attraction of the Salt Marsh Horse Fly, Tabanus Nigrovittatus Macquart
    University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 1-1-1984 Studies on vision and visual attraction of the salt marsh horse fly, Tabanus nigrovittatus Macquart. Sandra Anne Allan University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1 Recommended Citation Allan, Sandra Anne, "Studies on vision and visual attraction of the salt marsh horse fly, Tabanus nigrovittatus Macquart." (1984). Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014. 5625. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1/5625 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDIES ON VISION AND VISUAL ATTRACTION OF THE SALT MARSH HORSE FLY, TABANUS NIGROVITTATUS MACQUART A Dissertation Presented By SANDRA ANNE ALLAN Submittted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY February 1984 Department of Entomology *> Sandra Anne Allan All Rights Reserved ii STUDIES ON VISION AND VISUAL ATTRACTION OF THE SALT MARSH HORSE FLY, TABANUS NIGROVITTATUS MACQUART A Dissertation Presented By SANDRA ANNE ALLAN Approved as to style and content by: iii DEDICATION In memory of my grandparents who have provided inspiration ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express my most sincere appreciation to my advisor. Dr. John G. Stoffolano, Jr. for his guidance, constructive criticism and suggestions. I would also like to thank him for allowing me to pursue my research with a great deal of independence which has allowed me to develop as a scientist and as a person.
    [Show full text]
  • Deer Flies, Yellow Flies and Horse Flies, Chrysops, Diachlorus, and Tabanus Spp
    EENY-028 Deer Flies, Yellow Flies and Horse Flies, Chrysops, Diachlorus, and Tabanus spp. (Insecta: Diptera: Tabanidae)1 J. M. Squitier 2 Introduction Distribution The family Tabanidae, commonly known as horse flies and Horse flies and deer flies are world wide in distribution. deer flies, contains pests of cattle, horses, and humans. In They are, however, unreported in Hawaii, Greenland, and Florida there are 35 species of Tabanidae that are consid- Iceland. In the United States, Florida produces a large ered economically important. Horse flies are in the genus population of tabanids because of the availability of suitable Tabanus and deer flies are in the genusChrysops . The yellow habitat. Florida’s mild climate and large, permanently wet fly, Diachlorus ferrugatus (Fabricius), is known in Florida and undeveloped areas provide good breeding areas. as a fierce biter. Like mosquitoes, it is the female fly that is responsible for inflicting a bite. The males are mainly pollen Description and nectar feeders. Tabanids are most likely encountered in hot summer and early fall weather. They are active during Eggs daylight hours. Eggs are laid in masses ranging from 100 to 1000 eggs. Eggs are laid in layers on a vertical surface, such as overhanging foliage, projecting rocks, sticks, and aquatic vegetation. Aquatic vegetation is preferred. A shiny or chalky secre- tion, which aids in water protection, often covers eggs. The vertical surfaces on which the eggs are deposited are always directly over water and wet ground favorable to the development of larvae. The female will not deposit egg masses on vegetation that is too dense.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity and Seasonality of Horse Flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) in Uruguay 2 Martín Lucasab; Tiago K
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/794479; this version posted October 7, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Diversity and seasonality of horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) in Uruguay 2 Martín Lucasab; Tiago K. Krolowc; Franklin Riet-Correaa; Antonio Thadeu M. Barrosd; 3 Rodrigo F. Krügere; Anderson Saraviaa; Cecilia Miraballesa* 4 5 a Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Plataforma de Salud Animal, 6 Estación Experimental INIA Tacuarembó, Ruta 5 km 386, Tacuarembó, Uruguay, CP 7 45000. 8 b Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Alberto Lasplaces 1550, 9 Montevideo, Uruguay, CP 11600. 10 c Universidade Federal do Tocantins – UFT, Rua 03, Qd 17, S/N, Bairro Jardim dos 11 Ipês, Porto Nacional, TO, Brazil. 12 d Embrapa Gado de Corte, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. 13 eUniversidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia 14 e Parasitologia, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, s/nº, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. 15 ⁎ Corresponding author at: Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), 16 Plataforma de Salud Animal, Estación Experimental INIA Tacuarembó, Ruta 5 17 km 386, Tacuarembó, CP 45000, Uruguay. E-mail address: [email protected] (C. 18 Miraballes). 19 20 Abstract 21 Horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) are hematophagous insects that cause direct and 22 indirect losses in livestock production and are important vectors of pathogens. The aim 23 of this study was to determine the diversity and seasonality of horse fly species at an 24 experimental farm in Tacuarembó and the diversity of species in different departments 25 of Uruguay.
    [Show full text]
  • Tabanidae: Horseflies & Deerflies
    Tabanidae: Horseflies & Deerflies Ian Brown Georgia Southwestern State University Importance of Tabanids 4300 spp, 335 US, Chrysops 83, Tabanus 107, Hybomitra 55 Transmission of Disease Humans Tularemia, Anthrax & Lyme?? Loiasis, Livestock & wild - Surra & other Trypanosoma spp. various viral, protozoan, rickettsial, filarid nematodes Animal Stress - painful bites Weight loss & hide damage Milk loss Recreation & Tourism >10 bites/min - bad for business Agricultural workers Egg (1-3mm long) Hatch in 2-3 days Larvae drop into soil or water Generalized Tabanid Adults Emerge in late spring- summer Lifecycle (species dependent). Deerfly small species Feed on nectar & mate. upto 2-3 generations/year Females feed on blood to develop eggs. Horsefly very large species Adult lifespan 30 to 60 days. 2-3 years/ year Larvae Horsefly Predaceous, Deerfly- scavengers?? Final instar overwinters, Pupa pupates in early spring Pupal stage completed in 1-3 weeks Found in upper 2in of drier soil Based on Summarized life cycle of deer flies Scott Charlesworth, Purdue University & Pechuman, L.L. and H.J. Teskey, 1981, IN: Manual of Nearctic Diptera, Volume 1 Deer fly, Chrysops cincticornis, Eggs laying eggs photo J Butler Single or 2-4 layered clusters (100- 1000 eggs) laid on vertical substrates above water or damp soil. Laid white & darken in several hrs. Hatch in 2 –14 days between 70-95F depending on species and weather conditions, Egg mass on cattail Open Aquatic vegetation i.e. Cattails & sedges with vertical foliage is preferred. Larvae Identification
    [Show full text]
  • Butterflies of North America
    Insects of Western North America 7. Survey of Selected Arthropod Taxa of Fort Sill, Comanche County, Oklahoma. 4. Hexapoda: Selected Coleoptera and Diptera with cumulative list of Arthropoda and additional taxa Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1177 2 Insects of Western North America. 7. Survey of Selected Arthropod Taxa of Fort Sill, Comanche County, Oklahoma. 4. Hexapoda: Selected Coleoptera and Diptera with cumulative list of Arthropoda and additional taxa by Boris C. Kondratieff, Luke Myers, and Whitney S. Cranshaw C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 August 22, 2011 Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity. Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1177 3 Cover Photo Credits: Whitney S. Cranshaw. Females of the blow fly Cochliomyia macellaria (Fab.) laying eggs on an animal carcass on Fort Sill, Oklahoma. ISBN 1084-8819 This publication and others in the series may be ordered from the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity, Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523-1177. Copyrighted 2011 4 Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................7 SUMMARY AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS
    [Show full text]
  • The Tabanidae Associated with White-Tailed Deer
    THE TABANIDAE ASSOCIATED WITH WHITE-TAILED DEER IN DIFFERENT HABITATS OF OKLAHOMA AND THE PREVALENCE OF TRYPANOSOMES RESEMBLING TRYPANOSOMA THEILER! LAVERAN IN SELECTED SPECIES By RICHARD KENT WHITTLE., Bachelor of Science Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 1975 Master of Science Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 1979 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May, 1984 -rv~il) 198L/ 0 \ ~· '11-v """' ·="' '1 1 t. Co.p.~ THE TABANIDAE ASSOCIATED WITH WHITE-TAILED DEER IN DIFFERENT HABITATS OF OKLAHOMA AND THE PREVALENCE OF TRYPANOSOMES RESEMBLING TRYPANOSOMA THEILER! LAVERAN IN SELECTED SPECIES Thesis Approved: ii 1200611 ' ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study would be incomplete without extending my sincere gratitude to the people who provided advice, assistance and encourage­ ment throughout its duration. I thank Dr. Russell E. Wright who provided guidance and criticism as my committee chairman, and as a friend. I thank Drs. William A. Drew, Robert W. Barker, J. Carl Fox and A. Alan Kocan who provided their expertise and laboratory facil­ ities while serving as committee members. I also thank Dr. Drew for the encouragement and stimulation he provided in the classroom as both my instructor and my superviser. Dr. Newton Kingston and Ms. Linda McHolland at the University of Wyoming, Larimie, warrant my special appreciation for providing trypanosome inoculums and advice for their culture. Dr. Kimberly McKenzie also provided invaluable advice and assistance for try­ panosome culture. I thank Ms. Jill Dotson of the Oklahoma Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory for advice on cell culture techniques.
    [Show full text]
  • Neotropical Diptera 16: 1-199 (April 15, 2009) Depto
    Coscarón & Papavero Neotropical Diptera Neotropical Diptera 16: 1-199 (April 15, 2009) Depto. de Biologia - FFCLRP ISSN 1982-7121 Universidade de São Paulo www.neotropicaldiptera.org Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil Catalogue of Neotropical Diptera. Tabanidae1 Sixto Coscarón Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque, 1900 La Plata, República Argentina Pesquisador Visitante do Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil e-mail: [email protected] & Nelson Papavero Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil Pesquisador Visitante do Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil Introduction This catalogue includes 1082 nominal species, distributed as in the table below (plus 34 unrecognized ones), 28 nomina nuda and 809 references. Subfamily Tribe Genus Subgenus Number of species CHRYSOPSINAE 88 Bouvieromyiini 3 Pseudotabanus Coracella 3 Chrysopsini 93 Chrysops 75 Silvius 9 Assipala 5 Griseosilvius 3 Silvius 1 Rhinomyzini 1 Betrequia 1 PANGONIINAE 315 Mycteromyiini 16 Mycteromyia 3 Promycteromyia 9 Silvestriellus 4 1 This project was supported by FAPESP grants # 2003/10.274-9, 2007/50877-5, and 2007/50878-1. Neotropical Diptera 16 1 Catalogue of the Neotropical Diptera. Tabanidae Pangoniini 129 Apatolestes 5 Apotolestes 4 Lanellus 1 Archeomyotes 1 Austromyans 1 Boliviamyia 1 Brennania 1 Chaetopalpus 1 Esenbeckia
    [Show full text]