doi:10.12741/ebrasilis.v7i2.424 e-ISSN 1983-0572 Publicação do Projeto Entomologistas do Brasil www.ebras.bio.br Distribuído através da Creative Commons Licence v3.0 (BY-NC-ND) Copyright © EntomoBrasilis Copyright © do(s) Autor(es)
Current Knowledge of the Social Wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in the State of Piauí, Brazil
Agda Alves da Rocha¹ & Orlando Tobias Silveira²
1. Universidade Federal da Bahia, e-mail: [email protected] (Autor para correspondência). 2. Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, e-mail: [email protected]. ______
EntomoBrasilis 7 (2): 167-170 (2014)
Abstract. New records of social wasps in the State of Piauí are presented, contributing to an increased knowledge of this group in this poorly studied region. This study documents new occurrence records for 12 social wasp species and extends their distribution.
Keywords: Caatinga; Distribution; Inventory; Northeast Region; Polistinae.
Atualização do Conhecimento Sobre Vespas Sociais (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) no Estado do Piauí, Brasil
Resumo. São apresentados novos registros da fauna de vespas sociais em localidades do Piauí, contribuindo para o aumento do conhecimento desse grupo de organismos na região. Este estudo registra a ocorrência de 12 novos registros de vespas sociais, ampliando suas distribuições.
Palavras-chave: Caatinga; Distribuição; Inventário; Região Nordeste; Polistinae.
______
any areas of Brazil lack the most basic biodiversity The municipality of Dom Expedito Lopes is located 288 km from studies, particularly in the case of invertebrates. In Teresina, in the southeastern corner of Piauí and Canto do Buriti order to develop any effective conservation proposals, is located in the southwest, 405 km from the capital (IBGE 2014a, it is first of all necessary to acquire knowledge of the species that b). Wasp inventories were conducted as part of the activities of occur in a particular area (Me l o et al. 2005). This taxonomic the Grupo de Estudo do Ecótono Caatinga-Cerrado (GEECACE) baseline is obtained by conducting biodiversity inventories. and the research project “Entomofauna of Priority Areas for Conservation of the State of Piauí,” funded by Fundação de Amparo In Brazil the wasp family Vespidae is represented by the à Pesquisa do Estado do Piauí (FAPEPI N. 20203.0822/2009). subfamily Polistinae, which has 21 described genera and more In Dom Expedito Lopes, the inventories took place in a property than 300 species (Ca r p e n t e r & Ma r q u e s 2001; Si l v e i r a 2010). of the Água Mineral Manaíra company (6º56’32”S, 41º41’46”W) According to Ca r p e n t e r (1993) this subfamily has three tribes in and in Canto do Buriti the inventory took place in properties Brazil: Mischocyttarini (made up of the genus Mischocyttarus), located 8 km from the town center (08º09’63”S, 042º55’50”W). Polistini (consisting of the genus Polistes) and Epiponini (with All data were collected in the dry season. Surveys were conducted 19 genera) (Ca r p e n t e r 2004). Wasps are ideal models for in October 2009 in Dom Expedito Lopes (14th, 15th, 16th and 17th) Comunicação Cinetífica studying the evolution of social behavior, as different species of and in October 2010 (10th, 11th and 12th) in Canto do Buriti. Each this family exhibit varying degrees of sociality, from solitary to area was inspected from 6:00 A.M. to 6:00 P.M. by two collectors. eusocial species. This diversity in sociality means that wasps can Collectors captured insects in flight or on the vegetation, using be studied to develop an understanding of key issues about the entomological nets and vials containing ethyl acetate. In Canto evolution of social behavior (It ô 1993). do Buriti two collectors searched for nests during two days using the Active Search Method along trails in the vegetation. Nests The State of Piauí is one of the least studied Brazilian States. were collected using protective beekeeper clothing. Among the areas defined by the Ministry of the Environment, the municipalities of Canto do Buriti and São João do Piauí were The collected insects were mounted, labeled and deposited in examples of those with insufficient knowledge. Canto do Buriti the Invertebrate Collection of the Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi and Serra das Confusões/ Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara (MPEG). complex were considered priority areas for research (MMA 2002). There is a clear need to conduct more comprehensive One hundred and eighty seven individuals of social wasps belonging inventories that can contribute to increasing knowledge of this to 12 species in six genera were collected: Agelaia, Brachygastra, group of insects and support future studies of behavior and Polistes, Polybia, Protonectarina and Protopolybia (Table 1). biology. The aim of this study was to provide new information on the occurrence of social wasps in parts of the State of Piauí. Of these, Polistes canadensis canadensis (Linnaeus),
Data were collected from two municipalities in Piauí: Dom Agência(s) de Financiamento: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Expedito Lopes and Canto do Buriti (Figure 1). Estado do Piauí.
www.periodico.ebras.bio.br 168 tts Bha n Caá (R Ceará and Bahia States: northeast two from recorded been only have but Brazil, across and o hs rcre fo Piauí: from recorded those to (Olivier), pallipes Agelaia * DomExpeditoLopes-PI**CantodoBuriti(F):Collectedin flightoronvegetation,(N):Collectedinthenest. Oiir ae iey itiue ars Bai ad throughout and (R Brazil region northeast the across distributed widely are (Olivier) (Haliday), lecheguana Brachygastra Table 1.DiversityofSocialWasps(Hymenoptera,Vespidae)attwositesintheStatePiauí,Brazil. Figure 1.LandscapeofthestudyareainstatePiauí:CantodoBuriti–Piauí(Picture:A.Rocha). recently and (Ducke) rne o ot (R Norte do Grande Rio and Bahia Ceará, Gerais, Minas Grosso, Mato of States the 2014). hs pce hs lo eety en eodd rm h Sae of State São Paulo( the from recorded been recently also has species This R i Current KnowledgeAbouttheSocialWasps(Hymenoptera:… c s d r a h Epiponini Susr) r wdl distributed widely are (Saussure) exigua Protopolybia Polistini Polybia ruficeps xanthops ruficeps Polybia Tribe 17) eodd h ocrec of occurrence the recorded (1978) A a n e d n G oyi paulista Polybia o m Fbiis i Paí More Piauí. in (Fabricius) virginea Synoeca s e & C & &N r e t n e p r a i c l l o s d r a h Protopolybia exigua(Saussure) Protonectarina sylveirae(Saussure) Polistes canadensis (Linnaeus) Polistes Agelaia pallipes(Olivier) Polybia ignobilis Brachygastra lecheguana Polybia Polybia paulista(Ihering) Polybia Polybia ruficepsxanthopsRichards Polybia sericea i c 2009; s d r a h Protonectarina sylveirae Protonectarina 1978; (Latreille), i (2014) added another two species species two another added (2014) c Ieig and (Ihering) s d r a h 1978; (group) (group) (group) canadensis sp. Fbiis and (Fabricius) pallens Apoica T a k a n a Richards has been recorded in recorded been has Richards 1978; A A a n e d n (Olivier) a n e d n -J occidentalis sp.2 occidentalis sp.1 (Haliday) r o i n u C & A & C & a n e d n oyi ignobilis Polybia &N oyi depressa Polybia oyi sericea Polybia r e t n e p r a r e t n e p r a (Latreille) Specie C & l l o (Saussure) 2011 r e t n e p r a 2014). 2014). ).
tlctau clpooos et wih r sakd with stalked are which numerous combs ( nests stems. calyptodomous of to presence secured stelocyttarus the fully without is nest substrate the the i.e. nests phragmocyttarus have hs atv nss eogd o or pce o wih he (B. three Polybia which lecheguana, of wasp species four social to belonged one nests active active. These twenty were which of of 14 Buriti, do total Canto in located a were nests period study the During six speciesandfourgenera. Canto do Buriti, 85 individuals were recorded, distributed among individuals In genera. 102 five on the and species 11 of among distributed recorded, total were a and Lopes, flight Expedito Dom in in both vegetation collected, insects the Considering social waspsrepresent3%ofthefaunainnortheasternBrazil. Brachygastra scutellaris R i c (group) s d r a h (Fabricius). According to these authors DEL* &R F F F F F F F F F F F - . sericea ) P. and 1 sp. occidentalis i c s d r a h Locality 1951)(Figure2). e-ISSN 1983-0572 Rocha &Silveira has exigua P. CB** F, N F, N F, N N F F F - - - - - Maio - Agosto 2014 - www.periodico.ebras.bio.br EntomoBrasilis 7 (2)
A B
D
C E Figure 2. Nests of social wasps collected in Canto do Buriti – Piauí: A) Protopolybia exigua (Saussure) on a leaf of Ziziphus joazeiro Mart. (Rhamnaceae); B) Protopolybia exigua (Saussure) on a leaf of Musa sp. (Musaceae); C) Polybia (group) occidentalis sp. 1 on a fence post; D) Polybia (group) occidentalis sp. 1 in Cereus jamacaru DC (Cactaceae); E) Brachygastra lecheguana (Latreille). (Picture: A. A. Rocha).
This study presents new occurrences of 12 social wasp species in REFERENCES Piauí. Our findings extend the species distributions and increase the number of species recorded in Piauí to 16. This increase may Andena, S.R. & J.M. Carpenter, 2014. Checklist das espécies de be an indication that the richness is probably higher in the regions Polistinae (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) do semiárido brasileiro, studied and that Piauí may well contain a number of additional p. 169-180. In: Bravo, F. & A. Calor (Eds.). Artrópodes do (as yet unrecorded) social wasp species. More comprehensive Semiárido: biodiversidade e conservação. Feira de Santana, studies are needed in order to increase the knowledge of wasp Printmídia, 298p. species in Piauí, contributing to increased knowledge of the Carpenter, J.M., 1993. Biogeographic patterns in the Vespidae diversity in northeastern Brazil. (Hymenoptera): Two views of Africa and South America, p. 139-155. In: Goldblatt, P. (Ed.). Biological relationshipes ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS between Africa and Africa and South America. New Haven, Yale University Press, 630p. 169 The authors thank the students R. Nascimento, A. Soares, M. E. Carpenter, J.M., 2004. Synonymy of the genus Marimbonda Brito and D. Carvalho for their help during the field activities. Richards, 1978, with Leipomeles Moebius, 1856 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae), and a new key to the
e-ISSN 1983-0572 Maio - Agosto 2014 - www.periodico.ebras.bio.br EntomoBrasilis 7 (2)
genera of paper wasps of the new world. Americam Museum MMA, 2002. Ministério do Meio Ambiente, dos Recursos Hídricos Novitates, 3456: 1-16. e da Amazônia Legal. Avaliação e Ações Prioritárias para a Carpenter, J.M. & O.M. Marques, 2001. Contribuição ao Conservação da Biodiversidade da Caatinga. Universidade Estudo dos Vespídeos do Brasil. Série Publicações Digitais, Federal de Pernambuco. Brasília, Conservation International Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, do Brasil e Fundação Biodiversitas, 404p. 3, CD-ROM. Richards, O.W., 1978. The social wasps of the Americas excluding Gomes, B. & F.B. Noll, 2009. Diversity of social wasps the Vespinae. London, British Museum (Natural History), (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) in three fragments of 580p. semideciduous seasonal forest in the northwest of São Paulo Richards, O.W. & M.J. Richards, 1951. Observations on the State, Brazil Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 53: 428– social wasps of South America (Hymenoptera; Vespidae). 431. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society London, IBGE, 2014a. IBGE Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. 102: 1-170. Dom Expedito Lopes. Accessible at:
Como citar este artigo:
Rocha, A.A. & O.T. Silveira, 2014. Current Knowledge of the Social Wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in the State of Piauí, Brazil. EntomoBrasilis, 7 (2): 167-170. Acessível em: doi:10.12741/ebrasilis.v7i2.424 170
e-ISSN 1983-0572