ELEM INDIAN COLONY Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine Superfund Site

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

ELEM INDIAN COLONY Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine Superfund Site ^^^^^^^^^^dyrherjertj^ 'etuedtujer ELEM INDIAN COLONY Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine Superfund Site OU1 OU2 OU2 Elem AESE, Inc. Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine OU2 OU1 AESE, Inc. The Area Launch Google Earth AESE, Inc. The carrying capacity clearly required Lake resources and surrounding lands to sustain the Tribe OU1 OU2 OU2 Elem Roundhouse AESE, Inc. AESE, Inc. AESE, Inc. AESE, Inc. AESE, Inc. 1. Indian Reservations are lands set aside or reserved by the U.S. for the benefit of the a Tribe and are designed to provide all the necessary sustenance for the subject Tribe 2. Reservation can be conceptualized as an Island with Finite Resources 3. Each Acre Lost to Contamination (or Stigma Associated with Contamination) or Development Results In: Spokane Reservation • Reduction of the Carrying-Capacity of the Land (Number of Members Able to Practice Traditional Cultural Lifeways) • Members Currently Practicing Traditional Lifeways Must Relinquish Some Uses to Other Members 4. A Reservation is the only place on earth where Tribes can practice self- governance Bottom Line: ALL Land is Highly Valuable to the Tribe and therefore must be Preserved for All Future Uses (PAFU) AESE, Inc. Simplified Concept of a Suburban Exposure Scenario Air release Little environmental contact. Few exposure pathways. Groundwater release Some environmental recreation AESE, Inc A Traditional Environmental Knowledge-based Scenario MONTANE AIR AND DUST RESOURCES INHALATION RIPARIAN CULTURAL ACTIVITIES RESOURCES PROCESSING GAME DIRECT SOIL EXPOSURE GARDEN PRODUCE GAME MEAT IRRIGATION WETLANDS GROUNDWATER RESOURCES AQUATIC FOODS GATHERED FOODS SURFACE SEDIMENT DESERT RESOURCES WATER USE EXPOSURE AESE, Inc EPA (Omernick) Ecoregions Swinomish Spokane Ojibwe Maine Tribes Umatilla Sho-Bans Elem Pomo Washoe Santa Clara Pueblo Quapaw Currently Underway Completed Traditional Tribal Subsistence Exposure Scenario Elem (Pomo) Scenario 61 and Risk Assessment Guidance Manual Elem (Pomo) Human Health Risk Assessment kukletlt6ltl Exposure Scenario 67o6 t7o6 5i35ri35ei3ei 57i57i57it krtktu Clear Lake1 tuktuktr gjkrt yjklyl Clear Lake Pomo Hunter on a Title Raft2 Three Rivers. Idaho (Courtesy of Barbara Harper) Principal Investigator: Barbara L. Harper, Oregon State University Department of Public Health and Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation Co-investigators: 1 Photos by Charles Webber, posted at http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cqi/iiTrq quervTwhere- Anna K. Harding, Oregon State University Department of Public Health qenre=Landscape&query src=photos landscape index&rel-location=like&where- location=clear+lake&rel-plant comm=like&where-plant comm=&where-continent=anv&where- Therese Waterhous, Oregon State University Department of Nutrition and countrv=anv&where-state=California+%282716%29&rel-county=eq&where-countv=ariv&\vhere- Exercise Sciences collectn=anv8,rel-photoqrapher=eq&where-photoqrapher=any&rel-kwid=equals&where-kwid= Stuart G. Harris, Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation : CURTIS. Edward Sheriff, The Hunter—Lake Pomo; http:/\vvvwdonaldheald com/browse 18.html AESE, Inc. Sulphur Bank Rancheria AESE, Inc. Sulphur Bank Rancheria AESE, Inc. Sulphur Bank Rancheria AESE, Inc. Tar Creek Chat Piles AESE, Inc. Sulphur Bank Rancheria AESE, Inc. Seeps, Cementation, Wind Erosion, and Receptors AESE, Inc. December 2008 esa Ecological Volume 18 No. 8 Supplement This compendium is APPLICATIONS A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA a necessary resource for anyone living in, or using natural resources from, the Clearlake Watershed. ^ ^ ^^^^ ^^^^hdheryheyeywr ujfyuiwr Mercury Cycling and Bioaccumulation in Clear Lake AESE, Inc. Ecological Applications A88 FRANCISCO J. RUEDA ET AL. Special Issue Sulphur Banks Quicksilver Mine, lake Co., Cal. gkguklteyhdtujhdtujkjkgjjg— ^^^>. PLATE 1. A photograph from an early postcard showing the Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine site ca. 1890 (courtesy of Lakeport Historic Courthouse Museum). The large complex of buildings at center right indicates the location of one of many shafts, which were active from ca. 1875 to 1902. AESE, Inc. AESE, Inc. M» MM i ^^^^ J^HC^~*^*>-^^' ^^^^^^f^^^ ^gsrhsreuyetet PLATK 2. Mercury-laden mine tailings and waste rock piles at the Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine ca. 1900. before more modern earthmoving equipment and bulldozing occurred (courtesy of Lakcport Historic Courthouse Museum). AESE, Inc. December 2008 EXCHANGE FLOW A105 3K -ti45i54i956io459568 PLATE 3. Wooden condeners at the Sulphur Bunk Mercury Mine that captured volatilized mercury from the roasting of cinnabar ore in retort furnaces, converting it into liquid quicksilver ca. 1929 (courtesy of California Geological Survey, Department of Conservation). AESE, Inc. 1920’s Mechanization AESE, Inc. Ecological Application- AI52 THOMAS H. SUCHANEK ET AL. Special Issue Open Pit Mining at Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine Begins in 1927 jfykfui jdfjkwdfyk gfjkwfy Pi_AT 4. Parrot Pit at Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine during the era of open pit mining showing steam shovel and dump trucks, ca. 1939 (courtesy of California Geological Survey. Department of Conservation). AESE, Inc. Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine OU2 OU1 AESE, Inc. Ecological Applications A260 PETER J. RICHER SON ET AL. Special Issue Lakepon I sgsgsdgwt\^ i l g1 / / ) f I "^^v^bjt Sulphur Bank C \ \ LA-03V. Mercury Mine k ^^^Cfty of Cteartake- 012345 Km So -HF FlG. 2. Locations of coring sites in. Clear Lake. Sec Suchanck eL aI. for a more detailed map of the lake and watershed. AESE, Inc. Based on OA 2000 Core, Post mining Deposition rates appear similar in upper and oaks, but slightly lower in Lower Lake y ru-irs ^r,m^ 10== ^ ** ^ ^v O 50 IUO ISO 2CU DDD (ppm) 0 .i I 0 50 100 150 200 ^B^^^^M^H^" *^0"i j l>ca-19'E ™j ^"^JPlf ^^^^^^ ^"r ==^* 2== 7 § 6o-* 90= f °= 7 Z ™J I 10°: asdgSD= ( % eo- V no| V* M= / Q aoJ J 120= f ,0O= \ ioo-j i3DI I no| > 110^ Upper Arm 1996 i40| t 1 !2r UA-°3: TolHg 160I / \ T«H 1— 1 •——-r- —-| 170^ V - I 0 12 3 4 5 y ,5»E / TotHg (ppmj i9o| t \ 200§ X 1BO % 3S0= f 2o0- 1. 230| 210| [ 340= Upper Arm 2000 Sa>= > pen- Z3D- 4- ^^^^^^H ««= ^—UA-osiTotHg _• Oaks Arm 2OO0 ^C^^^^SW I —*— (JA-03: DDD t M ml iWi mM E ^ ^ — 250 —— I 270 ^J 1 : -I = L UA-03A:TotHg PIVIB " > I..*-. r.._V.: ULJ ••••^l TotHg{ppm) Fw;. 3. Dit:nLorodipncnyLd.it:hLor(>tLnant: fDDD) (triangles) plocced as a functio2TO=] n o1—f dept, h , in ,representative— ^ Upper Arm cores fin 1998 and. 2000) andan Oaks Arm core (in 2000}. The DDD peak sb ouLd t: orresponO d to20 the 4yea0 r 6of0 maximumao 10 0applicatio 120 n to the Lake, ta. 1954. TOTAL mercury *(TolHg;small dots) is also pLoLLed, along wiLh a horizon Lint LhaTotHL rtp gres (ppmt nt* )Lbt : beginning of opcn-pil mining ca_ 1927. AESE, Inc. December 2008 MERCURY IN CLEAR LAKE'S ABIOTIC MATRICES A153 Milling/Smelting Infrastructure Dramatically Increased ^^^^^ ^^^^7^5^, z^r^^^^^»iHHr fsdhsafhshqwehs• ^ * ^^^^^ PLATE 5. Sulphur Bunk Mercury Mine operations during large-scale production, with massive tailings pile on left, shortly before the end of the mining era ca. 1946 (courtesy of Lakcport Historic Courthouse Museum). AESE, Inc. December 2008 MERCURY IN OSPREY AND GREBES A235 hadfhads^^^^^^^^^^^^^ PLATE 7. Mercury retort furnace and processing facility at the Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine ca. 1947 (photo credit: Worthcn Bradley; courtesy of California Geological Survey, Department of Conservation). AESE, Inc. Western Cut Spring AESE, Inc. AESE, Inc. AESE, Inc. DIVISION OF MINES journal vol 18 fl 4 ggfsdisafgsdfjklasgl shdfgiosgsuilshiostw 4. .Ill i it) i; J4l\):, i \KK» u » 'i % u lh»KS'u AESE, Inc. AESE, Inc. AESE, Inc. December 2008 ANTHROPOGENIC STRESSOR EVIDENCE IN CORES A265 hklfsdntgolywr jrosdlt7iry iluyswtipryt sdgghsa sfhsfdh fsdhsdfh hedth here PLATE 8. Sulphur Bunk Mercury Mine showing steeply sloped waste rock piles that comprise the waste rock dam with overflow channel into dear Lake (on right side of dam) before the 1992 slope remediation by U.S. EPA. Note 30 m deep Herman Pit ipH—3) in background. Clear Lake is in the foreground. (Courtesy of Charles Chambcrlin. Humboldt Stale University: photo taken in 1987. before waste rock pile remediation in 1992). AESE, Inc. Indian Reservations are lands set aside or reserved by the U.S. for the benefit of the a Tribe and are designed to provide all the necessary sustenance for the subject Tribe at the time the lands were reserved and in perpetuity. This means that the Tribe has the right to resources that are safe for traditional uses even though these lands cannot support these uses today, due to past inappropriate management practices. AESE, Inc. Since human health risk for those living close to the land are driven by traditional consumption rates occurring during traditional activities, Traditional, pre- contamination consumptions rates are employed to calculate how clean the resources must be. It is our experience working with tribes on superfund issues throughout the U.S., that because tribes rely heavily on natural resources, in many instances, their sole source of sustenance, these resources have to be free of site contamination. AESE, Inc. Since CERCLA cannot require a PRP to cleanup to conditions that are cleaner than pre-contaminated conditions, this means that Cleanups must focus on pre- contaminated conditions and not excess risk. In Summary, drawing this conclusion early in the process enables the focus of work to shift from estimating risk and back-calculating PRG/RAOs, to determining pre- contamination baseline and mapping the nature and extent of contamination. This early realization will result in saving large sums of time and money, makes EPA to appear more credible to the public, speeds the cleanup process while not costing the responsible parties additional sums, and more rapidly brings closure to the RI/FS and NRDA processes. AESE, Inc. The National Contingency Plan (NCP) prescribes the approach for selecting a CERCLA remedy. 40 CFR § 300.430. All alternatives considered by EPA, except 42 U.S.C. § 9601, et seq.
Recommended publications
  • Rattlesnakeisland2.Pdf Description of Island and History Of
    NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 1 Rattlesnake Island Lake County, CA Introduction Rattlesnake Island is the largest Island in Clear Lake encompassing ~56 acres and located in the eastern arm of Clear Lake. It lies ~800 feet off shore of the Sulphur Bank Rancheria, present-day home to the Elem Indian Colony. The island contains 6 recorded archaeological sites ranging in age from ~5,000 years old to the recent historic period. The largest of the 6 recorded sites is CA-LAK-89/H, which represents the ethno-historic village of Elem. All 6 sites contain prehistoric artifacts and features and many contain historic materials that represent the Mexican period (1834-1849), Overseas Chinese period (1850-1900), and recent historical events that have shaped the Elem people. Rattlesnake Island is recognized by the Elem Community of Southeastern Pomo as their place of origin as well as their political and religious center. At the time of the most recent archaeological and historical inspection (1978-81) the cultural sites on the island retained integrity with many original rock alignments and house depressions noted. Rock and brick foundations were found with associated historic cultural materials. The fact that the district is located on an island, coupled with its close proximity to the contemporary mainland location of the Elem Indian Colony have served Looking east at Rattlesnake Island, present Elem to protect the cultural resources it community is on mainland closest to the island.
    [Show full text]
  • A Microhistory of Massacre Memory in Clear Lake, California
    Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal Volume 9 Issue 2 Time, Movement, and Space: Genocide Article 8 Studies and Indigenous Peoples 10-2015 ‘Reclamation Road’: A Microhistory of Massacre Memory in Clear Lake, California Jeremiah J. Garsha University of Cambridge Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp Recommended Citation Garsha, Jeremiah J. (2015) "‘Reclamation Road’: A Microhistory of Massacre Memory in Clear Lake, California," Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal: Vol. 9: Iss. 2: 61-75. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/1911-9933.9.2.1292 Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp/vol9/iss2/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Access Journals at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ‘Reclamation Road’: A Microhistory of Massacre Memory in Clear Lake, California Acknowledgements The author is grateful to the two anonymous reviewers who strengthened this paper with their careful reading and accurate critiques, to Benjamin Madley who offered valuable feedback on an earlier draft of this paper, and to Jamie Lynnae for her nuanced edits and suggestions. This article is available in Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp/vol9/iss2/8 ‘Reclamation Road’: A Microhistory of Massacre Memory in Clear Lake, California Jeremiah J. Garsha University of Cambridge Cambridge, United Kingdom Abstract: This article is a microhistory of not only the massacre of the indigenous Pomo people in Clear Lake, California, but also the memorialization of this event.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Composition and Condition of the Boreas Tract
    ECOLOGICAL COMPOSITION AND CONDITION OF THE BOREAS PONDS TRACT Wildlife Conservation Society Adirondack Program Technical Paper No. 7 Michale J. Glennon April 2016 ECOLOGICAL COMPOSITION AND CONDITION OF THE BOREAS PONDS TRACT By Michale J. Glennon April 2016 iii ©Wildlife Conservation Society Suggested Citation Technical Paper Glennon, M.J. 2016. Ecological composition and condition of the Boreas Ponds Tract. Wildlife Conservation Society, Adirondack Program Technical Paper #7 Photo credit: Carl Heilman Wildlife Conservation Society Adirondack Program 132 Bloomingdale Ave Saranac Lake, NY 12983 (518) 891-8872 www.wcsnorthamerica.org [email protected] iv Acknowledgements This project was made possible through support provided by the Adirondack Council. I would also gratefully like to acknowledge the funders and creators of the many datasets I have made use of in the creation of this report. Among them, I very much appreciate the efforts of the North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative, the Eastern Regional Science office of The Nature Conservancy, and the Designing Sustainable Landscapes project at the University of Massachusetts. Finally, I am very grateful for the support and insight of the Wildlife Conservation Society’s Adirondack and North America Program staff and the extensive help from Adirondack Program director Zoë Smith in preparing this document. v Foreword New York State is poised to augment its Forest Preserve holdings with the transition of the Boreas Ponds tract to state ownership. The Boreas tract is a 20,578 acre parcel recently purchased in the town of North Hudson on the edge of the High Peaks wilderness. It is the last of a multi-year process of transition to New York State ownership of 69,000 acres of the former Finch Pruyn lands.
    [Show full text]
  • Wildland Interface Communities Within the Vicinity of Federal Lands That Are at High Risk from Wildfire; Notice
    Friday, August 17, 2001 Part III Department of Agriculture Forest Service Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs Bureau of Land Management Fish and Wildlife Service National Park Service Urban Wildland Interface Communities Within the Vicinity of Federal Lands That Are at High Risk From Wildfire; Notice VerDate 11<MAY>2000 17:38 Aug 16, 2001 Jkt 194001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\17AUN2.SGM pfrm07 PsN: 17AUN2 43384 Federal Register / Vol. 66, No. 160 / Friday, August 17, 2001 / Notices DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Tribes and was prepared for publication opportunities. Although this State-level by the Secretaries of Agriculture and the flexibility has resulted in some variance Forest Service Interior. The information in the updated among State submissions, the list set out at the end of this notice was Secretaries feel the application of a DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR compiled at the State and/or Tribal level standardized process has resulted in by collaborative interagency groups. As greater nationwide consistency for the Bureau of Indian Affairs a result of this collaborative effort, the revised lists. Secretaries have prepared a more The information contained in the list Bureau of Land Management complete list that better reflects the set out at the end of this notice will be relationship between Federal lands and used by interagency groups of land Fish and Wildlife Service the urban wildland interface problem in managers at the State and/or Tribal level the United States. This annotated list to collaboratively identify priority areas National Park Service supersedes the list published in the within their jurisdictions that would Federal Register on January 4, 2001 (66 benefit from hazard reduction activity.
    [Show full text]
  • Tahoe's Seven Summits
    Birds return to Lake Tahoe, page 4 Summer 2014 Drought offers TAHOE’S SEVEN SUMMITS good news, bad By Jeff Cowen news for Lake Tahoe In Depth By Jim Sloan The Lake may be this Region’s Tahoe In Depth most famous geographic feature, but it is Tahoe’s peaks that define our From the shoreline, a long-term landscapes and, at times, the course or severe drought seems to put of our lives. Daily, we glimpse them Lake Tahoe in dire straits. The water towering over our tedium, indelible recedes, streams dry up and the reminders of nature’s greatness and our shoreline beaches expand to expose own impermanence. Succumbing to a bathtub ring along the 72-mile their power, we climb them. shoreline. Some climbers are peak collectors, But from the water, things don’t “bagging” the major summits one by always look so bad. During a one. Others climb on a lark, impulsively drought, many of the pollutants joining friends and unprepared for the that affect Lake Tahoe’s clarity can’t Photo © Steve Dunleavy experience ahead. Regardless of our Pyramid Peak rises above the fog-choked Tahoe Basin. find their way to the Lake. Droughts paths, once we reach their summits, we slow down the rate of urban runoff, feel at once tiny and expansive, earth and rodents. Trees become shorter and neighborhoods. reducing erosion and the flow of fine and time stretching in all directions wider, until they disappear entirely. Our Climbers of even our most benign sediment and other water-clouding below us, the experience undeniably bodies change too.
    [Show full text]
  • The Wild Side of Clear Lake
    baynature.org—your portal to nature nearby APRIL–JUNE 2013 BayNaturAN EXPLORATION OF NATURE IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY e AREA The Wild Side of Clear Lake Tune in to Nature Sounds The Art and Science of Tracking Kids Help Study Climate Change Pedro Point Transformed $5.95 on the trail the on on the trail While you’re watching the grebes, keep an eye out for osprey and bald eagles. The eagles prey on grebes and other waterbirds, so watch for them perched in the trees in the grebe nesting areas, looking for an easy meal. Ospreys don’t prey on birds, but they’ve learned that where there are grebes, there are abundant fish. At the county park, look for the huge osprey nest, where you can often see a pair tending to their young. A family of river otters also lives nearby, and white pelicans are a common sight on the lake at the mouth of Adobe Creek. The Water Trails “Things have changed a lot up at Clear Lake. I’ve noticed things about kayaking, wildlife areas. None of that existed when I was there madesonphotography.com before.” Julie Donnelly-Nolan taking a dip in clear lake (above) Clear Lake at dawn, from Lakeside County Park in Lakeport. Mount Konocti is on the right, and the mountains looking birds is on the water from Long usgs geologist who mapped beyond mark Mendocino National Forest’s southern end. Tule Point to Adobe Creek, where several the area in the 1970s and 80s IN THE CLEAR (below) Mating grebes engage in the “weed dance,” where thousand of them nest in spring and early they present each other with nest-building materials.
    [Show full text]
  • Employment Brochure
    CA299Health.org Crater Lake WHERE National Park Klamath Falls Tulelake Butte Valley Brookings Health Center Health Center Goose Lake Clear Lake Reservoir Klamath Wildlife 395 Refuges Canby Family Lava Beds Practice Clinic Big Sage Reservoir 299 Medicine Lake Mt. Shasta Ash Creek Pit Surprise Valley Hot Springs River Browns Lake Wildlife Refuge Modoc McCloud Falls Medical Center Lake Britton Burney Falls Big Valley Health Center Crystal Lake Mayers Memorial Shasta Lake 299 Hospital District Fall River Valley Burney Health Center The CA299 Health Collaborative is a regional network Redding Health Center Eagle Lake of community health centers and 2 hospitals in Northeast Whiskeytown Lake Lassen Peak Lassen Volcanic California. The four member collaborative covers part of National Park Lassen, Modoc, Shasta, and Siskiyou Counties. Reno 128 Boreal Mountain Resort Lake Tahoe Sacramento Heavenly Mountain Resort Santa Rosa Sierra Nevada Let’s take a closer look. Hop in! Let’s take a closer look. Hop in! San Francisco Let’s take a closer look. Hop in! These are only the highlights - there is a lot LIFE HERE... more to explore, right after work! HIKING, FISHING, & HUNTING SNOW ACTIVITIES McArthur-Burney Falls State Park – Home of ‘Burney Falls’, a cascading waterfall Crystal and Baum Lakes – A paradise for those who’d like to snowshoe through that’s a sight to behold - a short, easy hike gets you there! the twilight, or perhaps during the daytime, to experience vista points that include Fly Fishing – Visit the Pit River for serene views, trout, and crisp, clear water from both Shasta & Burney Mountains. Birdwatchers will also find beauty here, in the the Cascades.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecosystem Threats 0( -*0./$1$/$ .- '/ /*0-)) "-$0'/0-' 1 '*+( )/+*
    *!(%*-/-$0/-$ .;' T;V$.+'4./# *((*)1 " //$*)/4+ .8+')/.8/- .8"-.. .8 (-.#+')/.)2 .!*0)$) & *0)/4; ' C6E & */).3 $..#,. ,$-.$- " ..$*) *((*) *((*) *((*) , -#. , *((*) 3+ - ').- , - ,-- - ,-#+').- - -0.# #($. *) -*. *!/# .. 0' . /-/#$./' $) *)$! - )5)$/ *0"'.A!$- $'/ 0.# . -2 -2** )*/#0. '$!*-)$'& $'"- - 3 $' ) & *- ./. & &A-.. -0& $!$ $+"0/-*( //$'. 0)/0- 1$) -*) - .#/ - *4*) )4*) $1 ))0''*1 - 4-$'' -.# & ))0'-.. #)))(%')"#)$'*!)*'/$!$#('+)$#'+1$!*'+.$ $*#)./!$'#19A@A Ecosystem Threats 0( -*0./$1$/$ .- '/ /*0-))"-$0'/0-' 1 '*+( )/+*. +*/ )/$'# '/# /#- /./*' -'& =.-$##$//.; " //$*)- (*1')!$- +- 1 )/$*)/$1$/$ .- (*1 -$/$'.+ $ .!-*(#$// *.4./ (.+*/ )/$''4' $)"/* -*.$*)) +' /$*)*!#$// )0/-$ )/.; -0-4($)$)"$)/# - "$*)#.' /*#$"#*)/($)/$*)' 1 '.*!( -0-4) -. )$$)'0./-$) 82 /'))-$+-$)#$//.; )1.$1 .+ $ .$)/-*0 /*#$//.) &$''*!!)/$1 .+ $ .)) "/$1 '4'/ -*(+' 3 *.4./ (.; )' - & 8)*)A)/$1 ..8 -+)/!$.#+- 4*))/$1 #$/#8.+ $ . $)"+ /$/$*) !*- ))" - .//0.;*/*- */.)- - /$*)'/$1$/4*)/# & $./#*0"#//*$.-0+/)$.*0-" "- .!-*( ) ./$)"; ). /$$ .8+ ./$$ .8! -/$'$5 -.8))$('*-#0()2./ ) /*3$/* -/$) .+ $ .; ' -'& ) -'')&"-*0) +*-/ #+/ -TA*). -1/$*) $"/, C6=E' , & . ,-# " ..$*) !' #)'))'( #"#)!#/:898 ' -'& ) -'')&"-*0) +*-/ #+/ -TA*). -1/$*) Endangered Plants and Wildlife ' .T;NM)T;NN$ )/$!4 ))" - +')/)2$''$! .+ $ .$)' -'& )/# $- ))" -( )/.//0.; ' C6=<))" , ').+ $ -$)$.3*!' ,'& /,)., *((*)( $ ).$!$( ../- *# *(*)0//*) ' -4 '.#*"$#()# ))" - 0-& =."*'!$ ' ()# ))" - & *0)/4./*) -*+ !!!$'% ))" - 2!'*2 - )1-- /$ +'')!*$%! #- / ) )4!'*2
    [Show full text]
  • Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine Superfund Site
    SULPHUR BANK MERCURY MINE SUPERFUND SITE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION A GENCY $ REGION 9 $ SAN FRANCISCO, CA $ FEBRUARY 2007 CLEANUP PROGRESS UPDATE Elem Indian Colony Mine Waste Removal Action Clearlake Oaks, California This fact sheet provides an update on the progress of the Elem Indian Colony Mine Waste Removal Action and is designed to inform and address questions that the community may have regarding the project. As the mine waste removal action is nearing completion, this fact sheet provides an update on the progress of the following project goals: # Protection of Elem Pomo Tribal Human Health Through Removal of Contaminated Mine Waste # Temporary Transitional Housing Program to Assure the Safety of Tribal Members During the Cleanup # Return of Elem Tribal Households to Their Tribal Lands # Protection of Elem Pomo Cultural Re­ sources and Religious Practices # Infrastructure Reconstruction and Im­ provement at the Elem Indian Colony Location of the Elem Indian Colony Mine Waste Removal # Elem Pomo Tribal Workforce Enhance­ Action ment REMOVAL ACTION PROJECT If you have any questions, please contact Pui Man Wong at the toll-free hotline (800) 231-3075 or What is the Elem Indian Colony Mine email [email protected]. Waste Removal Action? After reviewing all of the possible cleanup alternatives, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the Elem Pomo Tribe selected the full removal of all the contaminated mine wastes from the Elem Indian Colony as the project cleanup goal. The U.S. EPA excavated approximately 28,000 cubic yards of contaminated soil (1,400 dump truck loads) over a 4 month period from the Elem Indian Colony residential area.
    [Show full text]
  • Official Visitors Guide
    VISITORS GUIDE Birding & Boardwalks Food & Family Fun Nightlife & Nature Spas & Salons Seafood & Spirits Shopping & Space Exploration Better Waves & Water Sports are cations ay B Kemah | League City | Nassau Bay | Seabrook Plan your Baycation at www.visitbayareahouston.com Welcome! Baycations are in fact better! Nowhere else in the world can you explore deep space, test your nerves on a wooden roller coaster by the sea, follow a path of colorful and quirky pelicans, and capture the pink-tinged feathers and distinctive beak of the roseate spoonbill in your binoculars all within the same 24 hours? Only in Bay Area Houston. As the mayors of the four cities that make up Bay Area Houston—Kemah, League City, Nassau Contents Bay and Seabrook—let us be the first to welcome you to our little slice of Texas Heaven. Whether Breeze into Kemah . 2 you’re here for a weekend or a week, for work or Live it up in League City . 3 a much-needed getaway, once you’re here, you’ll Come Play in Nassau Bay . 4 understand why we say, “Baycations are better.” Enjoy Sun & Fun in Seabrook . 5 Before you set off on your adventure, be sure to Baycations are Better . stop by the Bay Area Houston Visitors Center at 604 Bradford in Kemah for discount tickets, maps on the Water . 6 and insider tips. on Land . 8 Don’t miss out on all the fun events happening in the Air . 9 in Bay Area Houston. Stop by our website, with a Rod and Reel . 9 visitbayareahouston.com, or follow us on in a Museum .
    [Show full text]
  • Human Influences to Clear Lake, California a 20 Century History
    Human Influences to Clear Lake, California A 20th Century History Gregory A. Giusti University of California Cooperative Extension March 2009 1 Human Influences to Clear Lake, California - A 20th Century History Clear Lake is a large shallow, eutrophic (nutrient heavy), polymictic (well mixed) lake in the central Coast Range of northern California. Clear Lake is one of California’s oldest lakes and the largest natural lake (177 km2) existing entirely within California. It is also believed to be the oldest natural lake in North America, with continuous lake sediments dating to the early Pleistocene, yielding age estimates of 1.8–3.0 million years old. As part of a larger effort to collect and document biological and other pertinent information for this unique Lake, it’s important to document how 20th century human activity has affected present day Clear Lake. The intent of this paper is not to pass judgment on bygone decisions but to simply provide a history of these actions in context with the many current discussions that deal with water, invasive species and lakebed management. PEOPLE OF THE LAKE The Clear Lake basin is home to one of the oldest documented North American ‘‘early man’’ sites with paleo-Indian occupation going back almost 10,000 years. While the area was occupied by Native Americans since their initial settlement, the Lake, shoreline, and watershed have undergone extensive modification since European settlement in the mid-1800s (Fig. 1). Having lost an estimated 85% of its original natural wetlands, Clear Lake’s nutrient balance (nitrogen and phosphorus cycling) has been dramatically altered, resulting in frequent blue-green (cyanobacterial) algal blooms.
    [Show full text]
  • Of I Wo Iiaternary from , California
    ofp rr-iI wo iiaternary from , California U.S. GEOLOGICAL SUHVEY PROFESSIONAL PARER 1363 AVAILABILITY OF BOOKS AND MAPS OF THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Instructions on ordering publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, along with prices of the last offerings, are given in the cur­ rent-year issues of the monthly catalog "New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey." Prices of available U.S. Geological Sur­ vey publications released prior to the current year are listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List" Publications that are listed in various U.S. Geological Survey catalogs (see back inside cover) but not listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List" are no longer available. Prices of reports released to the open files are given in the listing "U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports," updated month­ ly, which is for sale in microfiche from the U.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports Section, Federal Center, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225. Reports released through the NTIS may be obtained by writing to the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, VA 22161; please include NTIS report number with inquiry. Order U.S. Geological Survey publications by mail or over the counter from the offices given below. BY MAIL OVER THE COUNTER Books Books Professional Papers, Bulletins, Water-Supply Papers, Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Circulars, publications of general in­ Books of the U.S. Geological Survey are available over the terest (such as leaflets, pamphlets, booklets), single copies of Earthquakes counter at the following Geological Survey Public Inquiries Offices, all & Volcanoes, Preliminary Determination of Epicenters, and some mis­ of which are authorized agents of the Superintendent of Documents: cellaneous reports, including some of the foregoing series that have gone out of print at the Superintendent of Documents, are obtainable by mail from WASHINGTON, D.C.-Main Interior Bldg., 2600 corridor, 18th and CSts.,NW.
    [Show full text]