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Fishery Activities Assessment in Montenegro: Case Study of Five Selected Parts of Montenegrin Coast

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Fishery Activities Assessment in Montenegro: Case Study of Five Selected Parts of Montenegrin Coast FISHERY ACTIVITIES ASSESSMENT IN MONTENEGRO: CASE STUDY OF FIVE SELECTED PARTS OF MONTENEGRIN COAST 1 The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP/MAP-RAC/SPA concerning the legal status of any State, Territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of their frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of UNEP/MAP-RAC/SPA. Published by: RAC/SPA Copyright: © 2015 - RAC/SPA Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. For bibliographic purposes, this volume may be cited as: RAC/SPA - UNEP/MAP, 2013. Fishery activities assessment in Montenegro : case study of five selected parts of Montenegrin coast. By Mirko Djurović and Olivera Marković. Ed. RAC/SPA - MedMPAnet Project, Tunis: 39p. Layout: Tesnim Amri, Asma KHERIJI and Zine El Abidine MAHJOUB. Cover photo credit: Mirko Djurović and Olivera Marković. Photos credits: Mirko Djurović and Olivera Marković. This document has been elaborated within the framework of the Regional Project for the ‘Development of a Mediterranean Marine and Coastal Protected Areas (MPAs) Network through the boosting of Mediterranean MPAs Creation and Management (MedMPAnet Project)’. The MedMPAnet Project is implemented in the framework of the UNEP/MAP-GEF MedPartnership, with the financial support of EC, AECID and FFEM. FISHERY ACTIVITIES ASSESSMENT IN MONTENEGRO : CASE STUDY OF FIVE SELECTED PARTS OF MONTENEGRIN COAST Regional Project for the Development of a Mediterranean Marine and Coastal Protected Areas (MPAs) Network through the boosting of MPA creation and management Study required and financed by: Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas (RAC/SPA) Boulevard du Leader Yasser Arafat B.P. 337 1080 Tunis Cedex – Tunisia In charge of the study: Daniel CEBRIAN, SAP BIO Programme Officer, RAC/SPA Scientific responsibles of the study: Mirko Djurović, National fisheries expert (Montenegro) Olivera Marković, National fisheries expert (Montenegro) Reference of the study: MoU N° 08/MedMPAnet/2011 Table of contents 1. INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................................5 2. STUDY AREA...........................................................................................................................................................9 2.1. CAPE PLATAMUNI-ŽUKOVICA.........................................................................................................................9 2.1.1. SPRING........................................................................................................................................11 2.1.2. SUMMER.....................................................................................................................................11 2.1.3. AUTUMN......................................................................................................................................12 2.1.4. WINTER.......................................................................................................................................13 2.2. PETROVAC-BULJARICA..................................................................................................................................13 2.2.1. SPRING.........................................................................................................................................16 2.2.2. SUMMER.....................................................................................................................................17 2.2.3. AUTUMN.....................................................................................................................................18 2.2.4. WINTER.......................................................................................................................................19 2.3. ISLAND OLD ULCINJ.......................................................................................................................................19 2.3.1. SPRING........................................................................................................................................21 2.3.2. SUMMER.....................................................................................................................................22 2.3.3. AUTUMN.....................................................................................................................................23 2.3.4. WINTER.......................................................................................................................................23 2.4. ISLAND MAMULA..........................................................................................................................................24 2.4.1. SPRING........................................................................................................................................26 2.4.2. SUMMER.....................................................................................................................................27 2.4.3. AUTUMN......................................................................................................................................28 2.4.4. WINTER........................................................................................................................................28 2.5. ORAHOVAC-BOKA KOTORSKA BAY.................................................................................................................29 2.6. BIOMASS ESTIMATION AND STATE OF RESOURCES IN THE INVESTIGATED AREA.........................................33 3. GENERAL CONCLUSIONS.......................................................................................................................................38 3 1. INTRODUCTION The Montenegro has a coastline of 294 km long, of which auction markets and fish is sold usually in market stalls about two-thirds face the open sea, and one-third forms and in restaurants. All of these ports are home ports for the Boka Kotorska Bay (105.7 km). The Montenegrin coast trawlers and seiners, as well as for boats of the small-scale is a part of the Southern Adriatic, which is the oldest and coastal fishing. deepest part of the Adriatic Sea. The Southern Adriatic has a relatively narrow continental shelf and a marked, steep slope; it reaches the maximum depth of 1223 m. Generally, the Adriatic Sea is shallow, because most of the bottom is on the continental shelf and a significantly smaller portion belongs to the continental slope (sea bottom at > 200 m depth). So, the major part of the Adriatic Sea belongs to the circalittoral zone. Muddy and sandy sediments cover almost the entire southern Adriatic Sea and they are present on the largest part of the continental shelf. The benthic biocoenoses of the Adriatic correspond in general to those of the Mediterranean. Three main types of biocenoses in the Boka Kotorska Bay and the open Montenegrin waters are: biocenoses of coastal terrigenous muds, biocenoses of detritic bottoms, and one of the most important benthic biocenoses in the Adriatic Sea is biocenoses of muddy bottoms Nephrops norvegicus–Thenea muricata. According to Gamulin-Brida (1967) the biocenosis of the coastal terrigenous mud is well established along almost the entire south-eastern Adriatic, and is particularly well established in areas with relatively weak bottom currents (Fig. 1). Along the Montenegro coastline there are three main fishing ports: Bar, Budva and Herceg Novi and one small port in Kotor important only for small-scale fisheries (Fig. 2). They are not fishing ports in the true sense of Figure 1. Main types of benthos biocenoses in the the word, as there are no organised landing sites or fish Montenegrin waters Figure 2. Fishing ports in Montenegro 5 According to the Law on Marine Fishery and Mariculture Also important, but somewhat less, are the common squid (Official Gazette of Montenegro 56/09) «the fishery sea (Loligo vulgaris), shortfin squid (Illex coindetii), octopus of Montenegro includes marine and submarine area of (Octopus vulgaris and Eledone spp.) and the Norway internal seawaters, territorial sea and epi-continental area lobster (Nephrops norvegicus). of Montenegro as defined by the Law governing the sea». Small-scale coastal fishing is done on the territory of Fishing activities may be: the Boka Kotorska bay and in the whole coastal area of Montenegro territorial sea. Small boats and a large number • commercial (large-scale commercial fishing and small- of various gears are used in this fishery (gillnets, trammel scale commercial fishing) ; nets, traps for fish and crustaceans, floating (surface) • sports-recreational ; and bottom long-lines, harpoons, angles for squids). One layer gillnets and three layer trammel nets are probably • fishing for scientific-research purposes. the most commonly used fishing gear along the coastal The Montenegrin fisheries can be broken down into three eastern Adriatic. main categories: trawling, seining and small-scale fisheries The fishing activities of small-scale fisheries, in
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