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The California Column AZ 973.7 PSlc ., HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF NEW MEXICO. No. 11. THE CALIFORNIA COLUMN. Its Campaigns and Services in New Mexico, Ari­ zona and Texas, During the Civil War, with Sketches of Brigadier General James H. Carleton, It's Commander, and Other Officers and Soldiers . ANTA FE, N. M. NEW l\I~JXH'A PRIN'l'1N<; CoMPA:- Y, 100 . NIJMB~R 9 .3 P..:"EIVED SEF C<.9 OFFICERS OF THE HI,STORICAL SOCIETY QF NEW MEXICO. 1908. President ................... Hon. L. Bradford Prince, LL. D. Vice President . .' ..... ................. Hon. William J. Mills Recording Secretary ...................... William M. Berger Corresponding Secretary .......... ...... Ernest A. Johnston 'l'ceasurer ....... .. ................................ Max. Frost Curator. : ......................... .......... Henry Woodruff LIFE MEMBERS. 1881 1890 William G. Ritch.* Charles H. Gildersleeve. 1883 Mariano Barela.* L. Bradford Prince, LL. D. C. H. Dane. 1885 Walter C. Hadley.* William W. Griffin:ll- 1891 1887 H. B. Fergu?son. Francisco A. Manzanar~e. ➔~ Charles B. Eddy. 1889 Abram Staab. L. P. Browne.* w. A. Hawkins. ,Jefferson Raynolds. Mrs. Louisa Bristol. Ruel M. Johnson.-,:­ Frank Springer, William A. Vincent. Rufus J. Palen. Wilson Waddingham.-,:­ 1892 Ma.riauo S. Otero.-,:­ William T. Thornton. Nicolas T. Armijo.-x· Richard Manefield White. Angus A. Grant.* . 1895 Joshua S. Raynolds, Thomas Lowthian.* Wm. C. Hazeldine.* 1896 N uma Reymond. Antonio Joseph. .H,ussell M arc.v. l!'elipe Chaves.* 1890 Henry C. Carter. Pedro Y. Jaramillo.-,:- 1902 •Jose E. Chaves. William M. Berger . Samuel P. Foster.* Solomon Spiegelberg. Gustav Dilling.* 1907 Eutimio Montoya. Felix Martinez. Thomas B. Catron . Solomon Luna. .J. Pablo Gallegoe.* Neetor Armijo. *Deceased. PUBLICATIONS OF THE SOCIETY. No. 1. ---1 81- Inaugural Address of Hon. W. G. Ritch. No. 2. - 18 2- "Kin and Clan," by Adolph F. Ban­ delier. No. 3. - 1 96- '·The Stone Idols of New Mexico.'' (Illus trate<l.) No. 4. - 1903- "The Stone Lions uf Cochiti, ,. by Hon. L Brad ford Prince. No. 5. - 190-4- Biennial Report; English. No. 6. - 1904- Biennial Report. Spanish. No. 7. - 1906- "The Franciscan Martyrs of 1680." No. 8. - 1906--The Defeat of the Comanches in 1715. No. 9. -- 1907- Biennial R port. No. 10. - 1907- .Journal of New Mexico Convention of S2ptem ber, 1 -!9. No. 11.- HlO -- The California Column. THE CALIFORNIA COLUMN. Personal Reminiscences of its narch From California to the Rio Grande and its Services in Arizona, New nexico and Texas, During the Civil War by Brevet Captain Geo. H. Pettis, 1st Lieutenant 1st (:.alifornia Volunteer Infantry, who served from - 1861 , to February 15 , 1865. ~ 11 Tm mediately after the first battle of Bull Run, July ·(Hh, 1861, Governor John G. Downey, of California, re­ cGived from the Secretary of War, Simon Cameron, a com­ munication which said : "The War Department accepts, for three years, one regiment o:E infantry and five com­ panies of cavalry, to guard the Overland Mail Route, from Carson Val1ey to Salt Lake City and Fort Laramie." This was the first official action towards organizing troops in California, ancl it required but a short time to raise the required nurn ber of men, and as fast as the companies were mustered in, at the Presidio, near San Francisco, they were tran ported across the bay, to Camp Downey, nrnr where are now located the railroad shops, eastward of the Mole. In the meantime the government at Wash­ ington had an insane idea o:E preparing an army, on the Pacific, to be composed principally of regulars, then stationed on the coast, and under the command of General E. V. Sumner, who was in command of the Department of California, then ship them down the coa.st, to Mazatlan, where they were to disembark, and proceed overland, "to western Texas, and regain the public property in that state, and draw oO: insurgent troops from Arkansas, Mis­ souri, etc." This movement was not to General Sum­ ner's taste, although the governor ha<l. been directed to organize four more regiments of infantry, ancl one of cav­ alry, to take the place of the rngular troops tliat were to go on the Texas mid. 6 THE CALIFORNIA COLUMN. I rrbe Fir t Infantry, with the battalion-five companies of the First Cavalry- were being well drilled and disci­ plined at Camp Downey, when news was received at De­ partment Headquarters, that the Secessionists in the south part of the state were becoming turbulent, and more out­ spoken and on September 17th, General Sumner ordered Colonel Carleton's command to Southern California. The 1Texa.s raid was countermanded by the Washjngton authori­ ties, ancl an order was issued for all the regulars to be sent by steamer to New York, as soon as ·they could be relieved by the volunteers, which movement was imme­ diately undertaken. The First California Infantry, under Colonel James H. Carleton, and the First California Cavalry, u,nder Lieutenant Colonel Benjamin F. Davis, of the First U. S. Dragoons, had arrived at San Pedro, the sea-port of Los Angeles, and had marched some eighteen miles north oi that village, and Jaid out a camp for :fifteen companies, near a small creek, about three miles east of where Santa Monica now is, and called it "Camp Latham," in honor of one of the senators from the state. When the order came for the relief of the regular troops, Major Edwin A. Riggs, of the FiTst California Infantry, was sent with several companies, to Fort Yuma. Some of the regulars were at Lo Angeles, ( at which point Captain Winfield 1cott Hancock, afterwards Major General, was on duty as Captain and \.ssistant Quartermaster), some of the regulars were at San Bernardino, ancl other were at San Diego. They were, however, aJl soon relieved, ancl Tendezvoused at San Pedro for shipment to New York. The secession element in Southern California, upon the arrival of the volunteers, became less violent, anc1 the effect o.E their arrival was salutary. On the 20th of October, General E. V. Sumner wasi relieved of the com­ mand of the Department of California, by Colonel George Wright, of the Twelfth U. S. Infantry. Colonel Sumner was lost on the steamer Brother Jonathan, en route to Oregon. Some weeks later Colonel Wright was anxious for authority t,) throw troops into the State of Sonora, and indited sev­ eral Jetter to the War Department for this purpose. No- THl◄i CALIFORNIA COLUMN. 7 vember 20th, Colonel Carleton wa call cl to San Francisco for the purpose of proceeding to and taking command of the troops on the overland route via Salt Lake City. "\Yhi]c there, ne·w, was received of the inva ion of New Mexi o ancl Arizona, by G neral . H. > ible>r, with Texas troop . Wrio-ht ancl Carleton con 11ltecl on a pJan to pro­ ceed with a commam1 through Arizona, and attack Sib1cy on hi flank anc1 rear. G neral Wright macle thi matter a . nbject of a comnrnnication to tbe War Department, m1Mr un.te of D emb r 9th, 1861, in whic11 he m 0 ·ecl the im­ portance of the movement and its fca, ibilit:r and at the . amc time, he rniteratecl the nece ity of putting troop, into onorn. The latter propo ition n ver rereived an>' support from the authoritie at Wa hington, but, the mov - ment thr ugh Arizona wa immediately approved, and authorize l b,v General McClellan, aH . oon a it wa submit­ ted to him. About thi, time, a number of prnrninent seces­ sionists who were anxious to go ea, t, ancl show their devo­ tion to the ca11 e of the rebellion. organized a party in , outhern Californi,1, and with one "Dan. > howalter" at , their heac.l, attempt L1 to get out of the , tate, hut were aptured h_Y a cleta hment of th Fir t Infantry and were taken, bag and bao-gao-e, and lanclrcl in Fort Y11111a. Al­ though thi made a o-reat deal of tall- and noi e at the tim , the per,_ons in ._ ympathy with the rehellion throughout 1 thr > tate announcing that it was an infrino-ern nt on th const:iitntional right. of thr citiz n to mole. t them when ther were quietly proceeding along the highway,, hut th . f ello-ws were caught in the "chapparell ," :a. long wa~r from the roa<1 or trail, wh re the~· wrrr trying to a-rnicl the troop, . 'l1hrir incarceration wa , apprm ec1 h,v ih war department. rrhe rno,·ement again t the rebel., under , 1 jblr~-, hav­ ing b en apprn-v ll, Fort Yuma was made the staTting point of thr exp <lition, ancl troop. were forwarned to that -plac with all promptitude.:>, an intcrmec1iatc camp havino- be n made at Warn r'. Ranch, ( a point about half way betwe n Lo. .\nge]e, am1 Fort Ynma), which was namecl " amp Wright,'' in honor of the General com­ mancfo1µ: thr l) p,1.rt.rnent. , npplics wt>re heing rapicU,v p11, hr<l fonnrnl. linth hy trnrn. a ros. tl1 oloraclo De..serl, 8 THE CALIFORNIA COLUMN. as well as by water up the Gulf of California and the Colo­ rado River. The "California Column" originally consisted of the First California Infantry, ten companies, under the com­ mand of Colonel James H. Carleton; First California Cav­ alry, five companies, under command oE Lieutenant Colo­ nel E. E. Eyre, focutenant Colonel Davis having resignecl. and gone ea. t, and who was killed at Beverly Forcl, Vir­ ginia, June 9th, 1863; Light Battery A, Thitrcl U. S. Ar­ tillery, under the command oE Ljeutenant John B.
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