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General Worldwide 12/12

■ Anthroposophical Society

General Secretaries’ Meeting: Notes from Their Work New Ways of Working and Perspectives The November 6–9 General Secretaries’ meeting at the arrived at new viewpoints and approaches. Here is a report by René Becker (France), Peter Glasby (Australia), Kristina Lucia Parmentier (Belgium) and Hartwig Schiller (Germany) along December 2012 with Paul Mackay and Bodo von Plato from the Executive Council at the Goetheanum. No. 12 ay of Working: German or English Society, School, and Applied Fields: Anthroposophical Society Wis spoken without translation. In- The threshold for membership in the So- 1 General Secretaries’ Meeting stead of the traditional shared study of ciety is seen as too high; for the School, 2 General Anthroposophical Society: a text, the third Letter to the Members as too low. For instance, anyone working Christmas Appeal served as the background for our conver- as a biodynamic represents the 3 Executive Council: Conversation sations about the tasks that lie ahead. School for Spiritual Science even if he with Sergei Prokofieff World Conversation: Helmut Goldma- or she is not a member. The earlier gen- 4 Belgium: New General Secretary nn (Austria) discussed threshold experi- eration represented anthroposophy by Kristina Lucia Parmentier ences in light of the first three leading founding, lecturing, and publishing, but 9 Members Who Have Died thoughts. Reports from New Zealand the newer generation finds anthroposo- and Japan illustrated their precarious phy already here on the earth. For it, an- Goetheanum situation as a threshold experience. Such throposophy lives in human capacities. 2 Building Appeal: experiences are a challenge in daily life, How can the initiatives find a connection Financial Report but more freeing on the path of school- to the Society and the School? 6 Goetheanum Leadership: ing. Critical help comes from a spiritual Co-option of Joan Sleigh: Awareness Prelude to Assignment community, in conversation. of this led to Joan Sleigh’s nomination 8 Goetheanum Stage: Anthroposophical Society: The theme to the Executive Council (Anthroposophy Music for ’s for 2012/13 (“Identity of the Anthropo- Worldwide No. 7–8/2012). If confirmed Mystery Dramas sophical Society”) continues as “On the by the membership she will be the first to 10 Location of the Sculpture Group in Being and Life of the Anthroposophical bring an experience of motherhood and the Second Goetheanum Society,” the theme for 2013/14. Hartwig the Southern Hemisphere to the Execu- Schiller: “With this theme we look at tive Council. School for Spiritual Science what we experience as reality and at our Seija Zimmermann: Seija Zimmer- 6 Section for and Deme- inner impulses.” Paul Mackay: “Initiative mann’s first seven years on the Goethea- ter International: in the framework of the Society does not num Executive Council were reviewed in Vinyard Conference mean advancing our own goals; it means light of a renewal. The General Secretar- 16 Section for Social Sciences: making room for initiatives by connect- ies’ meeting recommends to the Annual Economics Conference ing, supporting, and transforming. The General Meeting that she be confirmed quality of the Anthroposophical Society for a further seven years on the Council. comes to the fore in destiny moments.” Expanded Executive Council: The Gen- School for Spiritual Science: Marc eral Secretaries’ meeting confirmed the Desaules (Switzerland) discussed how expanded Executive Council for another pupils in the old Mystery Schools were year with members of the Goetheanum made subordinate to the Mystery truths; Executive Council, Marc Desaules (Swit- the needs of the pupil were unimport- zerland), Ron Dunselman (Holland), and ant. However, the individuality of the Hartwig Schiller (Germany). pupil is a part of the new Mysteries. The Anthroposophy Worldwide: Repre- vow became a free relationship, the pupil sentatives of Francophone countries became a member, the teacher a leader have decided to translate every issue of or a member of the leadership. The readi- Anthroposophy Worldwide (ten times a ness to represent is central. year) into French. | Sebastian Jüngel 2Position: | linkAnthroposophye obere Papierkante, Gr Worldwideöße 100% No. 12/12

Advent

Christmas Appeal 2012 rlotte Fischer Photo: Ch a Photo:

Dear Member of the tense encounter with the Goetheanum sophical Societies in Germany and in Anthroposophical Society as a spiritual center: the regular large Switzerland—in collaboration with the meetings of and the medical Rudolf Steiner Nachlassverwaltung and s your new treasurer I would like movement, and the 1,000 attendees the General Anthroposophical Society A to send warm greetings from the at the World Kindergarten Teachers (Goetheanum)—have decided to offer Goetheanum this year and personally Conference together with the 1,000 at joint basic support for the Rudolf Stein- ask for your help in the ongoing work the World Teachers Conference. The er Archive in House Duldeck as well as of the Goetheanum as the School for Goetheanum gives full expression to the documentation department at the Spiritual Science (with its Sections, what anthroposophy does in the world. Goetheanum (with its library, archive, its stage, its archive, and its building). Along with several performance and collection of paintings and sculp- Paul Mackay has passed along a well cycles of the Mystery Dramas (continu- tures). This responsibility will be met in prepared budget, and all of our c. 180 ing to summer, 2013) there was also the the form of a “Support Fund for Rudolf colleagues and every department of moving summer conference to cele- Steiner’s Cultural Legacy.” As of now it Goetheanum have worked hard during brate (now 100 years young). will not support new editions in the col- 2012 to keep strictly within it. Now—at What a colorful coming and going and lected works or other important proj- year’s end—the Goetheanum has two earnest seeking during the many con- ects—these would have to be financed pressing needs that you can help with: ferences and meetings in this most on a project basis—but there would be — The budget includes the donation important place where Rudolf Steiner ongoing preservation and access sup- of two million Swiss francs as undesig- worked! Most recently, 600 members of port for the Nachlass and the Dornach nated gifts. At this point we are quite a the School for Spiritual Science from 30 archive. This calls for an annual total of bit short of that goal. Can this gap still countries gathered at the Goetheanum about 750,000 francs (625,000 euros) a be filled through a combination of many during Michaelmas. year; at this point only about two thirds small gifts and a few large ones? That At the same time, financial pressures of this amount has been received. Your is the only way we can end our current during the last years have made it im- large or small gift will also support this fiscal year with a balanced budget, and possible to address some truly pressing historic new step in preserving Rudolf only then can we issues. Here, for instance, an important Steiner’s legacy. — Begin the big 2013/2014 con- task is not taken up by a Section be- Please help the Goetheanum with struction project for the maintenance, cause the means for an honorarium or your donation as it continues to further renewal, and empowerment of the part-time staff are lacking; there, the Rudolf Steiner’s work and support the Goetheanum in good conscience, and re-establishment of the Art Section or cultivation of anthroposophy around use legacies and bequests for the proj- the continuation of the Literary Arts the world through the School for Spiri- ect. We have set an initial goal of receiv- and Humanities Section needs funding, tual Science. | Justus Wittich for the ing 4.5 million Swiss francs by January, or the precious architectural plans for Goetheanum Executive Council 2013, so that we can contract for the the First Goetheanum as well as works renovation of the stage and the Norwe- of art by Rudolf Steiner’s pupils are Donations can be made: From Switzerland und non-Euro countries: gian slate roof. We are already within threatened with decay because there is Allgemeine Anthroposophische Gesellschaft, 500,000 francs of reaching that goal! no money for proper archiving. Finally, Dornach, Switzerland, Raiffeisenbank Dorn- Now—after last year’s internal and time is lost on the oft-admired exterior ach, IBAN: CH36 8093 9000 0010 0607 1, BIC: external difficulties—we have the basis of the Goetheanum when, for example, RAIFCH22. From Germany with a tax-deduction receipt: for new developments at the Goethea- it takes hours to clear gravel from the Förderstiftung Anthroposophie, GLS-Ge- num: Section leaders and Executive Goetheanum drain system merely be- meinschaftsbank, Kto.-Nr. 7001034300, BLZ: Council are working well and collegially cause we lack the 30, 000 francs for a 43060967 in the newly formed Goetheanum Lead- long-term solution. From other Euro countries: Allgemeine Anthroposophische Gesellschaft, Dornach, ership. Our pending issues can be ad- Beginning in 2013 we (as staff) and Switzerland, GLS-Gemeinschaftsbank, 44708 dressed and gradually resolved. you (as members) will face something Bochum, Germany, IBAN: DE53 4306 0967 This year it seems that the entire that is a real pleasure—but also a chal- 0000 9881 00, BIC/Swift: GENODEM1GLS anthroposophical world has entered lenge. Beginning with FY 2013 and af- inwardly and outwardly into a more in- ter many years of talks, the Anthropo- Anthroposophy Worldwide No. 12/12 | 3

■ Anthroposophical Society ■ Goetheanum

Goetheanum Executive Council Building Appeal In Conversation with Sergei Prokofieff Progress Report Between September and November three conversations were held with Sergei Proko- fieff within the Executive Council; he has been unable to take part in Executive Council he plan for financing the building business since April, 2011, because of serious illness. The conversations concerned the T project consists of three phases. By situation at the Goetheanum and the future work of the Executive Council January 30 we need to have 4.5 million francs (3.75 euros) in hand so we can make month prior to Sergei Prokofieff‘s Speaking for the Executive Council, a final decision about what can be done

A illness the members present at the Paul Mackay described the difficulty and then sign contracts for construction Phase 3 2011 Annual General Meeting gave him that arose because he had felt bound and materials. Ideally, we would have to a resounding vote of confidence for his by the agreement reached with Sergei have a second 4.5 million francs when continued work as a member of the Ex- Prokofieff to keep him informed in writ- the work begins on October 1, 2013, ecutive Council. On the way to recovery, ing during his illness and recovery, but to and the third 4.5 million by the festive but still 90% convalescent, he continued spare him all the manifold inquiries, dis- re-opening of the stage at Michaelmas, his writing this cussions, and con- 2014. Thanks to our reserve funds (2.5 year, and gave The will versations in the million francs), gifts and construction a lecture during Executive Council. notes to date (1.5 million), and including the 2012 Annual to continue working Thus since April, a large donation from Switzerland, our

General meeting with Sergei Prokofieff 2011, Paul Mackay progress barometer now stands at 4 mil- Phase 2 in remembrance in the Executive Council had remained in lion francs (see the graphic on the right of Rudolf Stein- —after his recovery— contact with him indicating the situation as of November er’s death day. only through the 15, 2012). In his lecture, he has been clearly stated… agreed-upon con- The General Secretaries’ meeting at expressed con- tact person, Seija the Goetheanum (p. 1) was given a tour cern about the Zimmermann. This to see the damage in the concrete and present course of the Goetheanum, and was why there had been no further ex- the , and the state of the stage. this (together with a talk by ) changes during the last year and a half. One thing became clear: the Goethea- led to a number of conversations among The will to continue working with num needs our help with this project.

the members. Since then, the two lec- Sergei Prokofieff in the Executive Coun- English, French, and Hungarian versions Phase 1 tures have been published. cil—after his recovery—has been clearly of the building appeal are underway, in stated by all who were present at the India the appeal for Australia is being Different Views October 30 expanded Executive Council printed in color, and other efforts are be- On October 30 we were able to have a meeting and also those at the General ing planned. | Justus Wittich, Paul Mackay conversation with Sergei Prokofieff and Secretaries’ meeting at the beginning of Peter Selg within the Executive Coun- November. All six members of the Execu- Anthroposophy Worldwide appears ten cil—expanded to include General Secre- tive Council share the goal of “more an- times a year, is distributed by the national taries Marc Desaules (Switzerland), Ron throposophy” as the main thrust in the Anthroposophical Societies, and appears as Dunselman (Holland) and Hartwig Schil- future work of the Goetheanum. How- a supplement to the weekly Das Goethea- ler (Germany). ever, there are varying approaches and num. • Publisher: General Anthroposophical The meeting began with Sergei Proko- views about how to achieve the desired Society, represented by Bodo von Plato.• Editorial staff: Sebastian Jüngel, Cornelia fieff and Peter Selg describing the con- changes and about what steps need to Friedrich, Wolfgang Held, Jonas von der Ga- cerns they had expressed on March 30, be taken if we are to reach this goal. then, Philipp Tok. Translator for this English 2012 during the Annual General Meet- edition: Dr. Douglas Miller. ing at the Goetheanum. The serious and Development of the Goetheanum We seek your active support and collabora- frank discussion that ensued made clear This means that now and in the near tion. To contact the editors: Wochenschrift that the intention of “more anthroposo- future we—as the carriers of responsibil- Das Goetheanum, Postfach, CH–4143 Dorn- phy and esotericism” and loyalty to Ru- ity in the narrower and the wider sense; ach 1, Switzerland; fax +41 (0)61 706 44 65; dolf Steiner was a common aim, but that today this includes every member—will [email protected]. To receive An- the approaches to this were quite varied. have the special task of reaching a clear throposophy Worldwide, apply to the An- throposophical Society in your country, or There was also a critical look at our work perception of how we wish to cultivate subscriptions are available for CHF 30.– (€ together in the Executive Council over the development of the Goetheanum 25.–) a year from the address above. An e- the last ten years. We could no longer during the years to come. The currently mail version is available to members of the assume a shared picture—also among active members of the Executive Coun- Anthroposophical Society only at: www. members worldwide—of the task of the cil will make every effort to accomplish goetheanum.org/630.html?L=1. Goetheanum, the School, and the Execu- this task and work to include the various © 2012 General Anthroposophical Society, tive Council. This picture needs to be de- points of view. | Justus Wittich for the ex- Dornach, Switzerland. veloped out of our work together. panded Goetheanum Executive Council 4 | Anthroposophy Worldwide No. 12/12

■ Anthroposophical Society

Belgium: New General Secretary Kristina Lucia Parmentier “I found eurythmy pleasantly easy” Kristina Lucia Parmentier found her way to anthroposophy through work in the office of a Belgian Waldorf School as well as introductory courses. There she came to know about eurythmy—which would become her profession. She credits becoming the di- rector of the Steiner School for a year to her university degree—in Chinese studies.

Sebastian Jüngel: Many European coun- French in her school. At the retirement tries are known for their chocolate—in- home where I work the Flemish women cluding Belgium. How did Belgium hap- speak French, of course—but with a Wal- pen upon the cocoa bean? loon they always speak Flemish. Kristina Lucia Parmentier: I don’t know. This distinction goes unnoted in our The area once known as the Congo was private lives where people can choose a Belgian colony until 1960—but I don’t their language. The schools in each area think that has anything to do with cocoa. speak the language of the area; the oth- In any case, Belgians love to eat choco- er national language is not taught until late, although probably not as much as grade 5. In a Wallonian region in eastern the French. On the other hand, we Bel- Belgium there is still a small German- gians claim that the Dutch aren’t very speaking area that Germany was forced Working with others as the basis for receiving the gifts of the spiritual world: Kristina Lucia Parmentier good cooks... to cede after World War II. work in Brussels. However, the EU com- Walloons and Flemings Attentive to Social Moods munity and its staff—who earn far more Jüngel: What can you tell us about the Jüngel: How big are the differences and than “normal” Belgians—form their own Walloons and Flemings? similarities in these neighboring areas? community and they seem like a foreign Parmentier: Today’s northern France, Parmentier: Walloons and Flemings live country. Holland, and Belgium were ruled earlier like fraternal twins. Travelling abroad, Jüngel: Are Belgians proud of EU in Brus- by various kings. During the Reforma- you notice your Belgian character more. sels? tion, the Protestants migrated to the Compared to the Dutch, French, or Ger- Parmentier: Well, yes. But neither Flem- Netherlands while the Catholics re- mans, our use of language is not as el- ings nor Walloons would cede Brussels. mained in Flanders. This is evident in our egant. For instance, although Flemings Jüngel: To me, Belgians seem melanchol- languages even today: Dutch and Flem- share a language with the Dutch and ic. Do you share this impression? ish are similar—but differ in the way Walloons share a language with the Parmentier: (Laughing) Melancholic— British and American English do. Flemish French, I am always amazed by how perhaps it stems from the fact that the can be seen as a kind of older Dutch (only beautifully thoughts can be expressed weather is bad and it rains a lot. My the Dutch in the earlier African colonies in these other languages. The Dutch are youngest brother emigrated to Spain for is older). Flemish is somewhere between also verbally stronger. Often we Belgians this very reason...In Belgium we live more English and German—so German is eas- have to consider how we want to react in our feelings than the Dutch or the Ger- ier for us to learn than for the Walloons. and what we want to say; thus we are mans, and joy is found there as well. Admittedly there are some pitfalls. In reserved in our speech (and we tend to Germany you say a dog “bellt” [barks]; be rather quiet on a train or in a hotel). I Mediator between Polarities for us “bellt” is what bells in a tower do. notice an enormously forceful language Jüngel: What spiritual tasks do you see Jüngel: What about the reserved atti- and a zest for philosophizing among edu- for Belgium? tude towards Germans? cated Germans. When I was in the Youth Parmentier: In Belgium there are either Parmentier: This reserve is still appar- Section at the Goetheanum in 1985/86, Catholics or the non-religious (in a con- ent among those who lived through the I knew hardly any German but marveled fessional sense). A third independent Second World War. But there are even at the intensely theoretical way people direction is gradually emerging. The task older reservations. The consolidation of spoke about a text by Rudolf Steiner. I for us as anthroposophists, in my view, is Belgium and the Netherlands after the was more interested in observing social to position ourselves in this third stream. defeat of Napoleon in 1815 lasted only moods. I had to overcome a large degree I see the spiritual task of Belgium as re- until 1830 when Belgium asserted its of antipathy in order to read the Philoso- newing the Catholic element through independence from the Netherlands. At phy of Freedom, for example. the new Christianity that anthroposo- the time, the elite class spoke French; Jüngel: Brussels, the European Union‘s phy helps to reveal. For me, Herman von the normal people, the peasants, spoke “capital city” seems far away for many. Rompuy, the first full-time president of Flemish. This is one source for the con- What role does the presence of the EU the European Council, represents a fur- tinuing conflict between the Flemings play for Belgians? ther spiritual quality: humility. Belgium and Walloons. My mother, who grew up Parmentier: The EU seems far way to can thus be a mediator between po- in the Flemish part, had to speak only Belgian citizens as well. Many Belgians larities and help in understanding every Anthroposophy Worldwide No. 12/12 | 5

■ Anthroposophical Society

these parts—in fact, the Walloons have Jüngel: What led you to China? little interest in the Flemish paper, and Parmentier: My studies were in Sinology the Flemings have essentially no interest and I wanted to visit the country. After in the Wallonian edition... two futile attempts to get a stipend to visit China–or Japan—the funding fi- Turning The Philosophy of Freedom into nally came through in 1982. I was able Spiritual Experience to study in Shanghai. This was a signifi- Jüngel: What do you consider the most cant experience for me. I had never been important tasks for the Anthroposophi- in a poor and communist country, and I cal Society? experienced how thoroughly the old cul- Parmentier: It should be open to spiritu- ture of China was being eradicated. All ally seeking people—also to those who the families I came to know in China had are clairvoyant—and take initiative to lost members in the cultural revolution. come into contact with these people. For When I returned to Belgium I was once me it therefore involves interest in the again shocked by the range of consumer paths taken by others—without aban- goods available in Belgium: there wasn’t doning anthroposophy in the process. just one kind of juice, chips, jam—there Another important task is the Philosophy were many! Photo: Supplied Photo: of Freedom. We should not just approach Working with others as the basis for receiving the gifts of the spiritual world: Kristina Lucia Parmentier it intellectually, knowing its content; it From Karate to Eurythmy should become a spiritual experience. Jüngel: How did you come to eurythmy? point of view, to seeking out the mid- I find this lacking among us as anthro- Parmentier: That is a long story. I had point between polarities. posophists. thought that if I ever had children I Jüngel: How did the office of General Sec- would send them to a Steiner school. No Home of its Own for the Society retary come your way? When I returned from China I lived with Jüngel: How does anthroposophy live in Parmentier: I was asked to become a a boyfriend at the time and he had a Belgium? member of the Council in April. There three-year-old daughter. It was then that Parmentier: Steiner Schools are repre- had been a crisis and only one member I became interested in the background of sented strongly by about 15 schools, remained from before. Two years ago I the Steiner school and found work there mostly in Flanders; one is in Brussels, had already resolved that I would want in the office. I attended courses on -an one in Wallonia. In Flanders there are to participate on the Council if asked— throposophy along with the parents. In four curative education homes but none even though it seemed to me at the time 1984 I encountered eurythmy during the in the south. There are biodynamic that it was all very bureaucratic, and for very first of these courses. Compared in both parts of the country, but the fo- a while I had very little interest in the to karate (which I had practiced for six cus is in the south. Flanders has 4 or 5 Anthroposophical Society. And then I years during my student days) I found eu- doctors. My work—I have been a curative was actually asked! There were others rythmy pleasantly easy. Four years later eurythmist since last year—is not recog- who had declined because they did not I was studying eurythmy in the Hague. nized by health insurers. Thus I ask clinics have the time for it. Of the three women In 1987 the Steiner school was official- whether they can use my services as a remaining I had the most time to offer— ly recognized and it needed a director. movement therapist. I don’t have a family and am employed Since I had a university degree I accepted Unlike other countries, Belgium has al- part-time—and, among the three, my this office on an interim basis until the most no branch life—the phrase hardly German was the best. actual candidate became available. I was exists. (Rudolf Steiner gave just one Jüngel: What are your plans? his assistant until I began my eurythmy lecture in Belgium, in Brussels). In the Parmentier: Since this had not been part studies in 1989. At the same time, I was south there are 2 or 3 groups; Ghent has of my own interest earlier—I was fo- the eurythmy teacher in the upper school an active group. But we have 500 mem- cused primarily on eurythmy—I would for seven years—but that became too bers. About 50 people attend our Annual like to work with my Council colleagues much. I had a crisis in 2001 and wanted Meeting with an additional 70 votes rep- to familiarize myself with all the an- nothing more to do with anthroposophy. resented by proxy so that about a quarter throposophical initiatives in Belgium, Exactly one month later the director of a of the membership is represented. One and build contacts. I have also phoned retirement home asked me if I would be challenge we face is that the Anthropo- the members who no longer contribute interested in doing eurythmy with the sophical Society in Belgium doesn’t have dues; I want to learn whether they wish residents there. I actually didn’t want to a home of its own; it rents a small studio to remain as members (and why). The do this, but I let myself to be talked into for its administrative offices. Thus our Council also wants to invite new mem- it. Since then I have been at this retire- newsletter is a vital means of connec- bers to meet and speak with us every ment home one day a week as a euryth- tion. A few years ago it was divided with year. I do not know what lies ahead in mist, and I spend an additional day in the a Wallonian and a Flemish edition. The the international realm—the task is still garden there—work I know from when I new General Council wants to reunite so new. trained as a eurythmist. ■ 6 | Anthroposophy Worldwide No. 12/12

■ Goetheanum ■ School for Spiritual Science

Goetheanum Leadership Section for Agriculture: Conference on “New Ways to Regenerate the Grape” Prelude Deepening Sensory Experience to Assignment The Section for Agriculture and held an international confer- ence on wine growing. Jean-Michel Florin and Ueli Hurter from the Section’s leader- The Goetheanum Leadership (members ship discuss the grape’s importance for humanity, the interest shown in biodynamics of the Executive Council and Section by wine growers, and the relationship to alcohol. leaders) is looking at in-house areas of responsibility with a view to giving out Sebastian Jüngel: How are the grapes? and wine as the substances of the Last assignments (Anthroposophy Worldwide, Jean-Michel Florin: Not well. To under- Supper. Wine has a connection to the Nr. 11/2012, p. 10). The process will be stand this you need to know that wild Dionysian element, grain to the Apollo- ended in December—here, a glimpse grapes are meant to grow at the edge nian. Wheat is a highly condensed sub- into the ongoing discussions. of the forest—half in shade and in hu- stance with a tendency to over-condense here are three realms of responsi- mus. The cultivated grape is limited to so that the Apollonian turns into the Ah- T bility at the Goetheanum: a realm a height of one or two meters, stands rimanic (stones instead of bread). The where the work is visible to the public in full sun, and is often planted on the grape is a fruit that is in danger of ex- (building administration, reception and meager soil of a slope. The wild grape aggerating its appearance and giving an events, Goetheanum stage); depart- also lives in a highly diverse milieu of illusion of aroma, shape, and color that is ments that service the infrastructure plants and animals, while the cultivated not at all real—a Luciferic tendency. With (e.g., data processing and personnel), grape grows in a . Greeks grain we need to add the quality of light and staff positions that report directly and Romans planted grapes with olive in how we cultivate it, grow it, and pre- to a member of the Executive Council at trees and grain; the grapes could climb pare it by baking. The point with fruit is The earthly reaches for the heavens: the wine grape the Goetheanum (those responsible for up the trees, as they still can today in to make it “real.” privacy protection and safety). Portugal. By the mid-19th century the Florin: The lily has a cosmic relationship The process of assigning responsibility cultivated grape had been so weakened and grain is connected to that with its will not alter the tasks for these realms. that practically every vineyard in Europe gesture of ears devoted to the sun. But However, according to the spokespeople was decimated by a phylloxera that at- in watery fruits (Rosaceae and grapes) for the Goetheanum Leadership (Seija tacked the roots. So-called rootstocks the gesture goes upward from earth: Zimmermann and Ueli Hurter) all the from the USA were planted and the vitis The earthly reaches for the heavens. The participants in the Goetheanum Lead- vinifera was grafted to it. This produced grape has a strong relationship to the soil ership are motivated to find the right a basic conflict: The rootstock has much it grows in; you can smell, see, and taste realm for each task, and to do so in a more life force than the graft—new dis- it in a product like wine. A connoisseur transparent way; in the process it will be eases were the result, especially fungus can taste the place, slope and year— important to keep in mind the realistic and wood necrosis. The outcome: copper e.g., “chalk, southwest slope, 2006.” This limitations imposed by time. “Our hope,” and sulfur were used, and—since World earthly differentiation is not so strong says Hurter, “is that our common will can War II—synthetic pesticides. Fruit trees with grain. also become socially concrete through and grapes are among the most stressed the process of assignment. Every assign- plants, far more than wheat or corn. Amid the Contradictions of the Age ment nourishes the will.” Jüngel: What makes it more attractive to Two departments at the Goethea- Anchored to a Location produce wine from grapes rather than num—the Goetheanum archive and Jüngel: What is special about the grape? fruit or grape juice? communications (public relations, the Florin: In the workers’ lectures Rudolf Hurter: A bottle of wine simply has a weekly Das Goetheanum, and Anthro- Steiner said that walnut and linden trees higher net worth than a bottle of juice posophy Worldwide)—are currently un- in a landscape affect the astral body while or a package of fruit. Also, the quality der discussion. Both are outwardly di- the grape affects the ego (GA 353, p. 17f). of type, place, and vintage really does rected, and thus they should form their Thus plants play an important role as a not become evident until fermentation. own area or be assigned to an area. This balancing agent. If we look at the image Grape juice tends to be too sweet as a will be resolved by the time the Goethea- of the grape, it tries to grow upward, but drink; the sweet-sour balance is better num Leadership holds its retreat in De- cannot do so alone—it needs our help. maintained in apple juice. cember. Assignments will be made then. Many homeopathic and anthroposophic Florin: We also need to remember that Administrative tasks are assigned for remedies (e.g. Hepatodoron) are made a hectare of vineyard worth a million three years, projects for the term of the with grapes, alcohol, tartar, or wine vin- euros (in Champagne) will bring in too project. There is also the issue of wheth- egar (see Der Merkurstab, No. 2/2010, p. little if it is used as a meadow—maybe a er one or two people will be responsible. 112–122). Grape sugar brings warmth thousand euros. According to the guidelines, inquiries can and its vital forces invigorate. Jüngel: The use of the biodynamic meth- be made and problems addressed via the Jüngel: What does the grape mean for od in producing Demeter-quality wine Goetheanum spokespeople during the humanity as compared to grain? (and thus, alcohol) is always “justified” current process. | Sebastian Jüngel Ueli Hurter: Of course we know bread by pointing to the element of freedom. Anthroposophy Worldwide No. 12/12 | 7

■ School for Spiritual Science Read German? Florin: You must also know that some of You would enjoy today’s most famous wine makers are working biodynamically, and this rep- resents a wonderful public recognition Das Goetheanum for the biodynamic approach. In view of The German-Language the major environmental stress created Anthroposophical Weekly by conventional wine growing, we are happy whenever a wine maker converts to biodynamics; then the earth is helped Newly redesigned and a space is created for plants, ani- Anthroposophical authors mals, and human beings to live in. Timely themes

Wine as an Educator of Taste Hurter: I also believe that the monocul- ture of the grape represents a bigger problem than the alcohol. The vineyard does not present the picture of a wholis- tically structured organism. This is one concern of our conference,; another concern is finding the best way to ap-

Photo: Jean Baltenweck Photo: ply biodynamic preparations. And do The earthly reaches for the heavens: the wine grape not forget: Rudolf Steiner’s indications about alcohol refer to people who have What would happen if we produced co- consciously set out on a path of school- DieDie SterneSteterne 20122012 caine and other drugs that had a biody- ing. They are not as relevant for people

namic quality? who have not chosen to do so. Demeter WOCHENSCHRIFT FÜR ANTHROPOSOPHIE DAS GOETHEANUM 7.7. JANUARJ ANUAR 2012 | NR. 1 ˜ 2 | CHF 4.50/€ 33.50.50 Hurter: Here we enter into a legal area International is more and more coming Therefore cocaine would be impos- to the conclusion that nutrition is be- sible,—but tobacco would be. At the coming increasingly individualized, and moment, the Demeter movement is dis- that individuals must make these deci- cussing what we should do about whisky sions for themselves. I would like to subscribe to (meantime, the first Demeter grain is Florin: Alcohol is also naturally present Das Goetheanum being matured into whisky in Scottish in the stomach, in juices, and it is also One year € 108 barrels). Here we need to be aware of used as a preservative in anthroposophi- the following distinction: The Agricul- cal remedies. I do not mean to underes- Name ...... tural Section provides the knowledge timate the problem of alcoholism. We base; the Demeter movement makes its have an important job to do in making Address (Including postal code) decisions in response to inquiries and information available and offering a needs. For instance, a glass of whisky is very exact description of alcohol’s effect ...... embedded in the culture of Great Brit- when it enters directly into the blood- ain. If someone wants to drink Demeter stream where it will weaken the ego...... whisky, it is probably better than if the Alcohol is certainly not a food; as wine, whisky were not produced with biody- for instance, it is a luxury and a means of ...... namic grain. Another example: There pursuing pleasure. are many mothers who cannot nurse or But there is something that seems more Country ...... do not wish to nurse; they need to find important to me: Jean-Pierre Frick sees . . . a substitute for their children. These wine more as a stimulus for the senses substitutes are highly processed and are than as a beverage. You can taste the Date ...... required by law to contain vitamins (the wine rather than drinking it. The finer resulting product has no relation at all the wine’s quality of taste, the finer the Signature ...... to milk.) Demeter International thinks possibility of schooling the senses. If this situation is not ideal, but believes it this capacity were also to be applied to Please send to: is better if the child receives a Demeter- “real” food we would have achieved a lot Wochenschrift Das Goetheanum quality substitute nourishment rather for bread or cheese (for example). I see Postfach, CH– 4143 Dornach, than something else. As a biodynamic it as a problem that Demeter products Switzerland movement we stand in the world. In the are often simply ingested without being Fax +41 61 706 44 65 case of the grape, it is the wine maker consciously eaten. Wine could help us who comes to us. deepen our sensory experience. ■ 8 | Anthroposophy Worldwide No. 12/12

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Goetheanum Stage: Music for Rudolf Steiner’s Mystery Dramas ing with their sound character. What meaning does the sound of the soul have “Carried Through and Through by Hearing” for you in melody, for instance, or the In 2009 Elmar Lampson was asked to compose music for the new production of Rudolf sound of matter in the noise element? Steiner’s Mystery Dramas at the Goetheanum. It has been available on CD since mid- Lampson: There is a basic difference be- September in a performance by soloists from the International Mahler Orchestra. The tween melody and noise: noise is part of composition will again be played live at the Goetheanum’s Christmas conference our day-to-day world. The fundamental element of melody is the musical tone, and this is already from another world. The musical tone is carried through and through by hearing; in the tone the sound releases itself from the mundane rela- tionship of noise. In listening, the musi- cal consciousness of tone can also en- counter the world of noise, or “sounding” as Heiner Ruland calls it. The sound then separates from the mundane context of noise and—like the musical tone—it be- comes the purely temporal phenomenon of musical listening. Thus the inner world of musical tone acquires a kind of min-

ollmer eral outer world, but without losing the temporal quality of musical conscious- ness. A rich interplay, interpenetration,

n K Torste Photo: and sharp contrasts can arise among the Listening to the dramas—aware of the echo: Elmar Lampson musical tones, the intervals, the melo- dies, and this temporal forming of mate- Sebastian Jüngel: When I listened to or beauty—like loving devotion. rial sounds freed of their relation to the your music for Rudolf Steiner’s Mystery Lampson: This music does not have a everyday world. Dramas on CD I heard the inner connec- simple beauty since it is subtly centered The Mystery scenes take place in this col- tion between the individual pieces more and yet diffuse, stable and unstable at orful, musical world of time. The sound clearly than I did during the performance. the same time; one type of listening and intonation in my pieces are alien- You must have had this inner connection changes to another; transient forms ated and expanded in their inner con- in mind from the beginning. What was arise. If you listen more closely to what nection with the dramas—for example, your experience when you first heard the is in the music, you can experience the when the breathing of time is disrupted pieces in context? inner ordeal produced by the encounter by the “creaking” noise of the strings Elmar Lampson: I began by trying hard in beauty with the element of maya. in the scenes that take place in the ice- to listen to what was in the texts. The cold, deceptive world of Ahriman. Or—at language was strange to me at first, Levels of Listening Consciousness the beginning of the eighth scene in The but I soon noticed that these texts left Jüngel: You had the constraint of writing Soul’s Awakening—when the Egyptian an echo or afterimage in my feeling. program music. You work quite “conven- woman stands before the closed walls of There were delicate moods, very rever- tionally” there: the soul element is me- the Egyptian temple and thinks with care ent moods like the echoes of something lodic and carried by the flute; disruption and sorrow of the “neophyte” awaiting wonderful, ineffable, something that is noisier, with percussion. his initiation ritual in the temple; the speaks in the way a glance speaks. The Lampson: I did not think the Mystery Dra- old Egyptian mood of fifths sounds in a music then arose from these echoes. mas were a “programmatic constraint.” I pentatonic flute melody above a cluster During the production on the stage a was interested in an inner agreement be- of notes that then changes into a dark new element comes into being involving tween the music and the dramas, and a G sharp minor chord in the temple. The the different art forms. The effect this concentration of the music as a law unto ancient “temple scales” develop from context had surprised me more than the itself; I experience the musical element this chord, these scales were discovered concert version of the suite because the as its own world, a world with a shim- by Kathleen Schlesinger and further re- purely musical element was there from mering play of colors, aroma, fragrance, searched by Heiner Ruland who placed the very beginning. light, air, warmth, and cold—and erup- them into the development of human tions of natural forces, and the abysses consciousness. The archaic sound of Musical Elements— of the human soul. That has nothing to these old “Mystery scales” breaks off a Law unto Themselves do with a “conventional” approach. suddenly and turns into a jubilant major Jüngel: The sounds and motifs seem to Jüngel: And yet you use traditional in- key when the neophyte gives expres- come from a realm of innocence, purity, struments that must be played in keep- sion to the feelings in his own soul and Anthroposophy Worldwide No. 12/12 | 9

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insists on inner independence instead of We have been informed that the following forty-six members have crossed the threshold of following the instructions of the priest. death. In their remembrance we are providing this information for their friends. | Goethea- The Elemental World in Music num Membership Office Jüngel: If you were to characterize the el- Frank Werner Bad Krozingen (DE) December 14, 2010 emental world of the gnomes and sylphs, Hanni Fretz Basel (CH) January 6, 2012 for instance, what would you find there? Julia Hellmich Reutlingen (DE) February 10, 2012 Irmgard Mancke Hersdorf (DE) February 13, 2012 Lampson: Before beginning with the Mihaela Mârs¸ anu Bucharest (RO) in March 2012 music I lived intimately with the various Remus Reaboiu Iasi (RO) in March 2012 passages of text in the Dramas. Than I Irmingard Bähre Hildesheim (DE) July 6, 2012 worked exclusively with the music. I do Paul Schneider Åkersberga Runi-Norri (SE) July 14, 2012 not understand the musical realities that Robert Straubinger Munich (DE) August 14, 2012 arose to be images or projections of pre- Maaike Louter Vlaardingen (NL) August 24, 2012 vious experiences, but as realities sound- Rösli Bardorf Hombrechtikon (CH) August 29, 2012 Irina Fedorowa Saint Petersburg (RU) August 30, 2012 ing out of the elemental world. The Hilde Eichelroth Birkenau (DE) September 11, 2012 crushing and splitting of the sounds, the Lucien Picariello Clohars-Carnoet (FR) September 20, 2012 rhythmic attacks that change quick as Maria Smilda Zeist (NL) September 25, 2012 lightning—these things release natural Gregor Barnum Moretown (US) September 26, 2012 forces, but they do not destroy; instead, Gina-Maria Schönstädt Bielefeld (DE) September 29, 2012 they “harden” and “impel the glimmer- Ruth Perrenoud Wettingen (CH) October 1, 2012 ing dust of matter” as it says in those C. Rotermundt Zeist (NL) October 1, 2012 Ortwin Pennemann Bad Fallingbostel (DE) October 2, 2012 scenes. And the columns of triads that Eugenia Pop Cluj-Napoca (RO) October 4, 2012 expand into the higher tones of nature Gertrude Burchard Prien (DE) October 12, 2012 bring a gleam that lacks any element of Elisabeth Kuven Strasbourg (FR) October 13, 2012 temptation, either from the human soul Philipp White Luxembourg (LU) October 13, 2012 or from Lucifer. It makes the reality of the Arthur Beeler Buchs (CH) October 14, 2012 sounding ether and the weaving light Johannes Heim Malsburg-Marzell (DE) October 15, 2012 something you can experience. Marlies Knopfli St. Gallen (CH) October 17, 2012 Bernhard Baumgärtner Stuttgart (DE) October 18, 2012 Changing Levels of Reality Günter Steiner Hamburg (DE) October 18, 2012 Francis Knowles Northshore City (NZ) October 20, 2012 Jüngel: What did you learn about new Alexandr Demidow Moskau (RU) October 23, 2012 ways to develop your music from your Peter Affolter Hefenhofen (CH) October 24, 2012 work with the Mystery Dramas? Or, put Lukas Dobers Erfurt (DE) October 24, 2012 differently: Is your musical work on the Doris Nixdorff Kleinmachnow (DE) October 24,2012 Mystery Dramas now a closed chapter Gisela Gaede Göttingen (DE) October 28, 2012 Herta Jilg Krumpendorf (AT) October 28, 2012 for you? Dietgard Hilgard Niefern-Öschelbronn (DE) October 29, 2012 Lampson: There is nothing I would rath- Elisabeth Rutishauser Schaffhausen (CH) October 31, 2012 er do than go on writing music for other Mathilde von Eiff Stuttgart (DE) November 1, 2012 scenes! Gioia Falk and Christian Peter Liston Bateson Auckland (NZ) November 2, 2012 followed the principle of inserting music Irmlind Wunderlin Schönenbuch (CH) November 2, 2012 when levels of reality change, i.e., at the Annelore Lieder Stuttgart (DE) November 3, 2012 transitions among the physical world, Erich Peyer Schleitheim (CH) November 4, 2012 Margaret Proctor Kaikoura (NZ) November 5, 2012 the soul world, and the spiritual world. John Wells Kings Langley (GB) November 8, 2012 There is much more to develop further! Kristina Broström Bromma (SE) November 10, 2012 We might be able to elicit every detail in the drama and raise it to a new level. We could bring out every scene and work on Correction: Christhilde Kraamwinkel died on June 24, 2012 ever-new nuances in the language, the not G. J. Kraamwinkel eurythmy, the light, the music, and all the other realms of the theater. ■

CD: Elmar Lampson: Mystery Scenes, Soloist ensemble of the International Mahler Orchestra, Director: Yoel Gamzou, From October 16 to November 12, 2012, Col legno contemporary Nr. WWE 1CD the General Anthroposophical Society welcomed 20407. 95 new members and noted 77 resignations Info: www.mysterienszenen.de 10 | Anthroposophy Worldwide No. 12/12

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Location of the Sculpture Group in the Second Goetheanum From Rudolf Steiner’s Ideas to the Present

In view of the technical renovation of the stage planned for 2013/14, the issue of where the sculpture group should stand in the Goetheanum has once again come to the fore. In 2008 the Executive Council and Collegium had decided to keep the question open, although it was not a part of the short-term planning. This study by Uwe Werner shows the development of Rudolf Steiner’s view of the issue; it is based on a critical reading of the traditional sources that can be given serious weight. The Executive Council and Collegium asked for this report in 2008. It is be- ing made available here as a basis for further research and conversation.

I. After the Fire at the First Goetheanum worked on the group until shortly before At the Anthroposophical Society’s his death on March 30, 1925. He had also delegates’ meeting in Dornach on July been able to finish a few initial sketches 20–23, 1923, Rudolf Steiner set two con- of the second Goetheanum’s interior. ditions for refounding an international And we have a small number of reliable Anthroposophical Society (which was reports about his statements on how he planned for Christmas, 1923): This So- wanted the second Goetheanum to be ciety was to accept the task of rebuild- finished and where he wished the sculp- ing the Goetheanum, and Rudolf Steiner ture to be placed. himself was to given full freedom in de- signing the building.1 II. Chronology of the Three Statements In comparing the first and second by Rudolf Steiner on the Placement of Goetheanums, we might imagine the the Group in the Second Goetheanum astonishment of the anthroposophists who saw Rudolf Steiner’s just-complet- April 13, 1924 ed model (March, 1924) of the proposed After seeing the model of the second second building. They carried a vivid im- building, Ernst Aisenpreis4 asked Rudolf age in their hearts of the building they Steiner about the future position of the had so recently lost, and they awaited group; he noted his questions (F) and Ru- a “rebuilding” in the same style. What dolf Steiner’s answers (A): they saw was not at all like what they “F: Where will the group be finished? expected. Guenther Wachsmuth2 spoke A: Not in one of the eight rooms. for the uncertain mood on the hill when F: Where is the group finally to stand in he asked Rudolf Steiner: “Where are the the building? columns and architraves and other fea- A: On the east side of the stage. But the tures?” Rudolf Steiner answered: “Well, Dr. still needs to plan something for that, I’ve learned something!”3 and it will not be easy to fit the group At the end of September, 1924, a into the concrete building.”5 sickbed was set up for Rudolf Steiner Comment: Rudolf Steiner did not say Doc. 1: Facsimile notes made on April 13, 1924 by Ernst Aisenpreis in his atelier—next to the unfinished more about his plans; it may have been wooden sculpture of the Representative unnecessary since his later statements of Humanity saved from the flames. He ran in a different direction.

1. See GA 259, p. 557ff. This decision was ini- countries also adopted this resolution. In 3. Rex Raab: Offenbare Geheimnisse. Vom tially reached at the annual general meeting his concluding remarks, Rudolf Steiner Ursprung der Goetheanum-Bauten (Dorn- of the Anthroposophical Society in Switzer- emphasized that this would certainly be a ach, 2011), p. 189. Rex Raab (1914–2004). An land on June 10, 1923. It reads: “It is the wish meeting to remember if the construction architect, he played a leading role in shap- of today’s assembly of the Anthroposophi- of the new Goetheanum would be the out- ing and finishing the interior of the second cal Society in Switzerland that Dr. Steiner come. Sources cited: GA 259, pp. 561 and 569. Goetheanum. should take up the task of rebuilding the Guenther Wachsmuth: Abbreviated report 4. Ernst Aisenpreis (1884–1949). Leading ar- Goetheanum in Dornach. As the leading ar- on the delegates’ meeting held in Dornach chitect for the first and second Goetheanum. tistic figure he is to be given full authority on July 20 to 23, 1923. Documentation at the 5. Excerpted from: Ernst Aisenpreis: Note- in every respect (including the use of funds Goetheanum. book No. 1, p. 2. Documentation at the designated for the purpose, and the choice 2. Guenther Wachsmuth (1883–1963) served Goetheanum. These notebooks were as- of personnel) to complete the building in on the Executive Council of the General An- signed numbers by the Archive at the the way and form he thinks best without throposophical Society and as leader of the Goetheanum for ease of reference; it was interference from the membership.” On Natural Science Section at the Goetheanum not always possible to arrange them chron- July 22, 1923 the delegates from the other from 1924 to 1963. ologically. See document 1. Anthroposophy Worldwide No. 12/12 | 11

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Ernst Aisenpreis’ notes are repro- duced here (document 1). His many note- books are among the rare authentic and contemporary sources for the building’s history. Some notes (including the one cited here) were given to the Art Section by his son, Markus Aisenpreis. Another part were probably kept in the building office after Aisenpreis’ death in 1949 and came to the Goetheanum Archive at the end of 1990’s. Today both are in the doc- umentation at the Goetheanum. A final notebook with notes for the period rele- vant to this discussion (January to March 1925) was not discovered until the Glass House was renovated in 2006/7—it had slipped into a partition.

August 4, 1924 In 2008 Erika von Baravalle, the wife of architect Albert von Baravalle,6 de- scribed the following from a 1969 con- versation between Albert von Baravalle and Rex Raab; she had also been present during the conversation: “A part of the four-person architec- tural team since 1924, Albert von Bara- Doc. 2: Rex Raab memorandum (end of 1969/beginning of 1970) on December 14, 1969 discussion valle had naturally followed discussions [about fire safety for the sculpture—Uwe Werner]. The construction office was in thorities in the Glass House on August placed on the stage. This was why Guen- the large central room of the Glass House 4, 1924. Albert von Baravalle told Rex ther Wachsmuth asked Rudolf Steiner and conversations were easily overheard Raab about this on December 14, 1969. about the matter, as Emil Estermann10 because of the thin wooden walls. One Rex Raab thought the conversation so reported in 1982: “This probably sealed day, back in the room and busy drawing, important that he recorded it in a mem- the fact that the group could not be on he heard an important conversation in orandum, but did not publish it.8 He the stage. Thus Dr. Wachsmuth asked the next room between Solothurn build- did mention it in his Eloquent Concrete Rudolf Steiner about the placement of ing officials and Rudolf Steiner. He could (1972), but dated it to June 1924 instead the ‘group.’ Ernst Aisenpreis, who told hear every word without trying: One of- of August 4.9 Here Rudolf Steiner does me about this, reports what Dr. Steiner ficial asked: ‘Doctor, will you use wood not explicitly speak of the stage as the described to Dr. Wachsmuth: ‘A room again in the new building?’ After a short future display space for the group. should be created in the east part of the pause, Rudolf Steiner answered: ‘No! At building where the group can be placed most, in the room where the group stat- December 1924/January 1925 so that it faces west.’”11 ue is displayed.’”7 The technical drawings for the stage Comment: Emil Estermann’s state- Comment: Rudolf Steiner showed the had arrived on December 28, 1924, and it ment (published in 1982 in Art Section model for the second building to the au- became clear that the group could not be newsletters, ed. Hagen Biesantz12) rep-

6. Albert von Baravalle (1902–1983). Begin- Hermann Ranzenberger had not been pres- ited Rudolf Steiner (drawing archive of the ning in 1924 he played an important role as ent, either. And the officials represented the Goetheanum Building administration and an architect in the building of the second Canton, not the town. This was why Raab Christof Lindenberg: Eine Chronik, Stutt- Goetheanum. did not publish the note, although he kept gart, 1988, p. 535. Rex Raab, Arne Klingborg, 7. Erika von Baravalle: “Ergänzung I”. in: Rudolf Steiner’s statement in his book. Since Åke Fant (ed.), Sprechender Beton. Wie Rudolf Nachrichten für Mitglieder No. 46/2008, p. 2. other important details are also addressed Steiner den Stahlbeton verwendete, Dornach, 8. Cf. Document 2. Erika von Baravalle an- (like Marie Steiner’s role in placement issue), 1972, p. 64. swered an inquiry from the Archive about we are publishing the memorandum here 10. Emil Estermann (1902–1998). From 1929 why these notes were not published at the for the first time (with Erika von Baravalle’s in the Building Administration; its director time, although they are important for an agreement). The memorandum is in the from 1949 to 1982. objective understanding: Rex Raab sent the documentation at the Goetheanum. On the 11. Cf. Document 3 memorandum to Albert von Baravalle for central point—the placement of the group— 12. Hagen Biesantz (1924–1996). From 1966 checking. The latter was not happy that he both depictions are in general agreement. a member of the Executive Council of the had been portrayed as an “eavesdropper,” 9. According to the records, August 4 is the General Anthroposophical Society and also since he had not intended to listen. Architect date the government representatives vis- leader of the Art Section. 12 | Anthroposophy Worldwide No. 12/12

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resents an important source.13 It clearly strengthens and confirms what the Au- gust, 1924, statement by Rudolf Steiner indicates: A special room was planned for the sculpture. Now, at the end of December, 1924/beginning of January, 1925, Rudolf Steiner speaks more pre- cisely about the position of the room in the Goetheanum and where the sculp- ture was to be placed in it. His view of the placement was not fixed—it developed as planning for the building evolved.

III. Progress of Construction and Plan- ning between January and March 1925 How is the issue of placing the Group reflected in the building’s planning up to Rudolf Steiner’s death? There is every reason to believe that Rudolf Steiner was quite involved in the practical develop- ment and detail planning for the build- ing until the end of his life, and that his views were followed by his colleagues. Ernst Aisenpreis’ notebook found in 2007 (see above) covers the period from June, 1924, to March, 1925. They show that the final large demolition of the old concrete base was on Whitsunday, June 7, 1924. Then Aisenpreis states: “Started pouring concrete on January 7, 1925.” Excavation, formwork, and con- crete for the basement and foundations followed in the next months. On March 17, 1925: “Strain on the rehearsal stage with stage construction” and “Prepara- tions since March 13, 1925 for disman- Doc. 3: The relevant passage from Emil Estermann’s description in 1982 tling the Group in the atelier;” on March 24: “Excavation for foundations of the stage floor on the east (in order to permit of the south part of the building—with rehearsal stage south pillars,” “Rehearsal placement of the Group on the stage) a sketch of the group. Here it becomes stage north pillar foundations poured,” was part of the planning at first. How- clear how much effort was entailed in and again on March 25: “rehearsal stage ever, during Rudolf Steiner’s lifetime the building a support structure to display south pillars excavated.” These notes building was arranged to provide a place the tonnage of the heavy, multi-level show that the building had progressed for the Group in its current location (as work of art.15 The provision for a special only to the basement and the founda- shown in the February 19, 1925 foun- load on the stage, however, was already tions, and say nothing about the future dation drawings that were delivered on gone in March, 1925.16 placement of the Group. “Dismantling March 4, 1925). There is also an architec- These results reveal that at the time the Group” refers to the 1:1 model in tural drawing dated April 20, 1925 that of Rudolf Steiner’s unexpected death the the upper atelier—Rudolf Steiner planed shows the Group room in a cross-section plans for the Group had moved from the to use the space for work on an interior model of the Hall and the stage. This was 13. Cf. Emil Estermann, “Über den Standort and second Goetheanum. Reprinted again 14 der ‘Gruppe’,” in Goetheanum. School for (with drawings) in: Christiaan Stuten, Ru- the progress shown in these notes. Spiritual Science. Art Section, 10th newslet- dolf Steiners künstlerische Entwicklung vom What do the plans tell us? Kurt Re- ter, Christmas 1982, p. 33 (with drawings). ersten zum zweiten Goetheanumbau, Dorn- mund, director of the Goetheanum It was reprinted in 1993 in Stil but without ach, 2001, pp. 75–82. the drawings. Stil, vol. XV, Issue 1, Easter 14. See Document 4. Building Administration from 2002 to 1993/94, p. 9–10. The note was reprinted 15. See Document 5. 2005, looked at this question using ma- without any commentary or expression of 16. All these plans are in the drawing ar- terial from the design archive. The plans views by those authors who participated in chives at the Goetheanum. discussions about the connection between 17 . Assya Turgenieff: Was ist mit dem changed in accord with Rudolf Steiner’s the architecture of the first Goetheanum Goetheanumbau geschehen?, Basel 1957, p. developing view. Strengthening the Anthroposophy Worldwide No. 12/12 | 13

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Doc. 4: Facsimile notes by Ernst Aisenpreis from February 26 to March 30, 1925

stage to the current location. However, ing and the current “Group Room;” the lections, there is also a contemporary, the east floor of the stage was also re- danger of fire in the Carpentry Building dated note by Guenther Wachsmuth inforced, as you can see today; it is cur- made it advisable to move the statue to about what had been decided at the rently unknown who decided that. the concrete structure As Assya Turg- time.18 On an extended 1926 trip in Ger- enieff17 remembered in 1957 (30 years many he visited Anthroposophical Soci- IV. From Rudolf Steiner’s Death to the later), Ernst Aisenpreis mentioned only ety branches to describe the construc- Group’s Removal to the Goetheanum that Rudolf Steiner had first thought of tion progress and further plans, and to The Executive Council and their col- placing the Group at the end of the stage solicit financial support. In this connec- leagues did not fully address the issue (as in the first building), but then wanted tion he also spoke about the Group and a of the Group’s placement until construc- to consider other possibilities. carved wood paneling for the room that tion had progressed on the new build- Along with fragmentary later recol- was being planned at the time; its effect

26f.—Assya Turgenieff (1890–1966), for a a close working relationship with Rudolf director of Rudolf Steiner’s Mystery Dra- time, companion of the Russian writer An- Steiner were: (1884–1963), mas and Faust I and II as performed on the drei Bely (1880–1934). With Rudolf Steiner Swiss poet and painter, one of Rudolf Stein- stage of the second Goetheanum during she developed a black-and-white diagonal er’s closest colleagues; after Rudolf Steiner’s the 1930’s, married Rudolf Steiner in 1914. shading technique that she went on to use death in 1925 he served as the chair of the (1876–1943), physician, leader in creating the glass etching for the colored General Anthroposophical Society until of the Medical Section at the Goetheanum, windows of the second Goetheanum (fol- his death in 1963. Marie Steiner von Sivers worked with Rudolf Steiner on the devel- lowing themes of the first Goetheanum). (1867–1948), editor and publisher of Rudolf opment of anthroposophical medicine. 18. With Guenther Wachsmut (see above) Steiner’s works, leader of the Performing (1879–1943), leader of the the other General Anthroposophical Soci- Arts Section (including further develop- Mathematical-Astronomical Section at the ety Executive Council members who had ment of eurythmy and speech formation), Goetheanum. 14 | Anthroposophy Worldwide No. 12/12

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would be “a kind of microcosm of the time that this position might have been first Goetheanum.”19 viewed as a provisional one. The transfer to this room (called the Unlike today, one entered the room Group Room) adjacent to the southeast at the level of the sculpture. The walls wall of the stage took place on July 18, were rough, unfinished concrete like all 1927 Reports about the event by Albert the other interior walls of the building. Steffen and Jan Stuten20 demonstrate In 1935—after a room had been built for that the matter of whether to place the the urns—the walls were refinished fol- statue on the stage or in the Group Room lowing a design by Mieta Pyle-Waller24 was no longer an issue: The main point and that is how they look to this day. The was that the work of art should stand in architect for both projects was Albert the Goetheanum.21 von Baravalle.25 As Albert von Baravalle (an eyewit- ness) recalled, it was Marie Steiner who V. Summary of Steps until 1935 gave the definitive instructions about Rudolf Steiner concept of where placing the Group in its current position the Group should stand in the second Steffen would have preferred to have Goetheanum underwent change: At the group on the stage, but that was not first he envisioned the Group on the east possible because of fire regulations.22 In side of the stage (as in the first Goethea- a moving article published in 1928, Ma- num). During 1924 plans were made for rie Steiner wrote about the old Goethea- a special room on the southeast side of num and the new one, and about the po- the Goetheanum, and this was reflected sition of the Group (which she described in the architectural drawings made up as a threefold form which had been left to the time of Rudolf Steiner’s death. behind as a material image of the first The change in the drawings correlates Goetheanum). She said it was now no to the development of Rudolf Steiner’s longer possible to provide the space the view. Accordingly, the “Group Room” Group needed. “Now we had to create a was built in the two years following his special room for the great sculpture.”23 It death, and the Group was placed there is impossible to say whether the danger in 1927. In 1935 the room was given its of fire (a reason to remove it from the present form. Carpentry Building and to avoid putting it at the rear of the stage) was the de- VI. Later Developments Doc. 5: April 20, 1925 longitudinal and cross sections of the Group room. Drawing 4 from Emil Estermann’s report cisive point for the participants. In any The fact is that the three statements case, it apparently seemed natural to put attributed to Rudolf Steiner show an the Group where it stands today and we evolution in his view, but for decades the 1950’s, nor again during the second have no evidence based on statements these statements were not published to- phase in the 1990’s. Thus—to the degree by Rudolf Steiner or any other individu- gether and discussed. They were not re- it was relevant—this source was unavail- al responsible for the placement at the ferred to during work on the Great Hall in able to those who were participants in

19. His lecture manuscript was found in the enigmatic note about this. On August 3, 26. Alfred Hummel tried to make a pro- Goetheanum Archive at the end of the 90’s; 1927—the group was already in the “Group scenium stage compatible with a thrust published in Mitteilungen aus dem anthro- Room”—Steffen looked with Stuten to see if stage in his 1972 essay “Gedanken über den posophischen Leben in der Schweiz, Besin- the statue could be placed in the small hall. Standort des Holzbildwerkes 'Der Men- nung auf Guenther Wachsmuth, December When it appeared that this was not pos- schheitsrepräsentant',” in: Mensch und Bau- 6, 2000, p. 114–131; reprinted in Christiaan sible, Steffen made the following enigmatic kunst, 20:1, 1971, pp. 2–13. Hummel assumed Stuten: Die künstlerische Entwicklung Rudolf comment, «My old suggestion (which was that Rudolf Steiner wanted the Group on Steiners vom ersten zum zweiten Goethea- outvoted) is now awakening in the others.” the stage in the second Goetheanum, but num-Bau, Dornach, 2001, p. 129ff. Letter from the Albert Steffen Foundation did not make explicit reference to Aisenpre- 20. Jan Stuten (1890–1948). Musician, con- to Emil Estermann, August 1, 1980. Docu- is’ April 13, 1924 note. ductor, set designer at the Goetheanum. mentation at the Goetheanum. 27. Assya Turgenieff: Was wird mit dem 21. Albert Steffen: from Jan Stuten, “Die 22. Rex Raab memorandum of the December Goethe­anumbau geschehen, Basel, June Überführung der Holzplastik in das neue 14, 1969 conversation. Cf. document 2. 1956, und: Was ist mit dem Goetheanumbau Goetheanum,” in: Was in der Anthroposo- 23. Marie Steiner: “Das alte und das neue geschehen, Basel April 1957. See pp. 26/27 in phischen Gesellschaft vorgeht. Nachrich- Goethe­anum,” in: Was in der Anthroposo- the latter publication. The wooden back- ten für deren Mitglieder, vol. 4., No. 34, pp. phischen Gesellschaft vorgeht. Nachrichten ground for the sculpture she describes there 134/135. The July 14, 1927, Executive Council für deren Mitglieder, No. 40–41/1928, pp. is mistakenly attributed to an indication by minutes of the meeting that decided to 158/159. Rudolf Steiner preserved in these records. transfer of the Group to the building are 24. Mieta Pyle-Waller (1883–1954), euryth- As noted, this comment was made to the in the Archive at the Goetheanum, but mist, actress painter, lived with Marie Stein- building authorities on August 4, 1924, but they have no record of the discussion. Al- er von Sivers and Rudolf Steiner 1908 –1924. with no mention of the stage. Apparently bert Steffen’s diary—otherwise informa- 25. The ashes of the dead were buried in the she knew about Rudolf Steiner’s intentions tive about such things—contains only an Memorial Grove in the early 1990’s. from other sources, as did Wachsmuth who Anthroposophy Worldwide No. 12/12 | 15

■ Goetheanum

conversations about the placement of nich architect Walter Beck noted in 1992 back of the stage, but he rejected the the Group. that there was not the least indication by idea of doing so as an “act of violence.”32 Instead, these conversations repre- Rudolf Steiner about putting the group In his 1993 article on guiding principles sented varying interpretations of Rudolf on the stage—and no one disagreed (at (“Zum Saalausbau am Goetheanum”) he Steiner’s intentions about how the Sec- least not publicly).29 In his book, Rex Raab called the placement question “the most ond Goetheanum related to the first. If agreed with the current placement, but deeply intrusive into the fabric of the the second building had been designed without reference to Rudolf Steiner’s Goetheanum.” It was obvious from the with two interwoven cupolas like first, statement (published in 1982 by Ester- whole feeling of the building’s concept and with a stage for the Mystery Dramas, mann) that would have support his view. that it was oriented toward the “Group” the Group would necessarily have been But by 1972 Raab had concluded from as a spiritual center. But whether it could placed on the stage. But if Rudolf Steiner the 1969 interview with Albert von Bara- be put on the eastern part of the stage was taking a different approach with the valle that Rudolf Steiner’s opinion about depended on whether this was actually stage—more a proscenium stage, a clas- the placement must have changed. He possible and desired based on the earlier sical stage—the Group would not belong attributed this to Rudolf Steiner modi- (spiritual-physical) development of the there. Thus the issue was overshadowed fying his idea about a “Mystery stage” Goetheanum.33 by the polarization between these two into more of a proscenium stage. And Along with the explicit discussion of opposing, apparently irreconcilable posi- Raab saw this development as resulting the stage in the publication by Rex Raab, tions: a thrust stage versus a proscenium from Rudolf Steiner’s statements about Arne Klingborg, and Åke Fant, the 2001 stage.26 speech formation and drama (Septem- study by Christiaan Stuten is a compre- For instance, during the first work ber 5–23, 1923, GA 282); these state- hensive source for the idea that the spir- on the Hall in the 1950’s some planners ments would indicate a different type of itual-architectural concept of the second were told about Aisenpreis’ April 13, stage. According to Raab, Rudolf Steiner Goetheanum views the stage and place- 1924 notes. These notes were read aloud had seen the confrontation between ment of the Group differently than in the in a meeting but not discussed further actor and audience as corresponding to first Goetheanum.34 This work relies on because the meeting was specifically a soul-spiritual reality, one that could Rex Raab’s discussion of Rudolf Steiner’s about work on the Hall.27 not be realized with a thrust stage. The changed concept about the function of Later—during the second phase of publication also contains an extensive the stage in the second building (men- work on the interior of the Hall follow- analysis of the architectural differences tioned above), and explains why Albert ing the removal of asbestos—it became between the first and second Goethe- von Baravalle said Marie Steiner was the clear that a technical renovation of the anums.30 decisive voice in this issue. stage was also needed. The discussions Christian Hitsch (responsible for the More recently, after June 10, 2008 dis- held during the early 1990’s (the plan- artistic direction of the second phase cussions in the Collegium of the School Doc. 5: April 20, 1925 longitudinal and cross sections of the Group ning stage for the second phase of work of work on the Hall) was focused on the at the Goetheanum it was decided to room. Drawing 4 from Emil Estermann’s report on the Hall) can be followed in reports double space he wished to shape as an leave the Group where it is, but not make and articles in the newsletter and in the interconnected whole in memory of the it impossible to put the Group on the journal Stil.28 first Goetheanum; it was to highlight the stage when stage renovations are done. There was a wide-spread lack of motifs of the capitals and architraves in The Collegium has the documentation knowledge about Rudolf Steiner’s con- appropriate metamorphoses.31 He was presented here.35 | Uwe Werner, Dornach cept. For example, the well known Mu- also moved to include the Group at the (Switzerland)

described the Group Room as paneled in 30. Rex Raab, Arne Klingborg, Åke Fant (ed.): for our understanding. The reports by Raab/ 1926 (as we have noted). Sprechender Beton. Wie Rudolf Steiner den Baravalle and Estermann are highlighted in 28. Cf. for example Thorsten Steen: “Die Stahlbeton verwendete, Dornach 1972, espe- regard to the placement issue. Because of Bedeutung der plastischen Gruppe für das cially p. 63. the decisive role played by the Estermann’s Goetheanum II”, in Stil, vol. XIV, No. 2, St. 31. Armin Husemann: “Das historische report, the author visited him before his John’s 1992/93, pp. 23–26; Manfred Ziegler: Gewissen–Uriel und der Innenausbau death. Estermann emphatically confirmed “‘Lasset vom Osten befeuern, was durch den des Zweiten Goetheanum. Zur Tagung am this description. Christiaan Stuten worked Westen sich formet’ Betrachtungen zum Goetheanum vom 19. bis 21. Juni 1992,” in at the Goetheanum as an actor and director. Innenausbau des Zweiten Goetheanum,” Was in der Anthroposophischen Gesellschaft 35. General Anthroposophical Society. Nach- in Stil, vol. XIV, No. 3, Michaelmas 1993, pp. vorgeht, August 2, 1992, p. 193. richten für Mitglieder No. 27/2008 (=An- 3–15; Walter Beck: “Gedanken zum Saalaus- 32. Was in der Anthroposophischen Gesell- throposophy Worldwide, No. 6/2008), pp. 1 bau,” in: Was in der Anthroposophischen Ge- schaft vorgeht. Nachrichten für deren Mit- and 3. Later, two statements on the June 10, sellschaft vorgeht. Nachrichten für deren Mit- glieder, No. 38/1993, p. 203. 2008 decision were published, one by Erika glieder, No. 20/1992, p. 116, and the special 33. Christian Hitsch: “Zum Saalumbau am von Baravalle, “Ergänzung I,” the second Michaelmas 1994 Stil edition on the Great Goethe­anum,” in Was in der Anthroposo- by Christian Hitsch, “Der Tempel muss ge- Hall, edited with the Art Section and the phischen Gesellschaft vorgeht. Nachrichten reinigt werden, damit er das werden kann, Goetheanum Building Administration with für deren Mitglieder, No. 3/1993, p. 9f. was er sein soll.” Both in: Nachrichten für articles by Walter Beck, Elisabeth Gergely, 34. Christiaan Stuten: Die künstlerische Ent- Mitglieder, No. 46/2008, p. 2 and pp. 35–38. Heinz-Georg Häussler, Friedwart Husemann, wicklung Rudolf Steiners vom ersten zum Paul Klaskow, Manfred Schmidt-Brabant, zweiten Goetheanumbau, Dornach 2001. Rex Raab, Torsten Steen, Christiaan Stuten, This publication is based on years of research Joachim Werner and Hella Krause-Zimmer. and it contains a comprehensive collection 29. Walter Beck:“Gedanken zum Saalausbau.” of source documents that are indispensable 16 | Anthroposophy Worldwide No. 12/12

■ SchoolAnthroposophy for Spiritual in the Science World

Social Science Section: Economics Conference lateralizing loans if it is to find stable eco- nomic ground. A second proposition on Creating a Surrounding Awareness true lending arose, also a work-in-prog- “Overcoming the Separation of the Money Market from the Goods Market”—that was ress: Once capital is there and visible as the theme for this year’s Economics Conference sponsored by the Social Science Sec- money, lend it without collateral on con- tion. It was held on September 21–24 at L’Aubier in Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and was dition that the borrower meets the needs attended by twelve participants. of others and has a financial plan. The third topic was the need to free the arc Desaules gave an overview capital currently dammed up in “land” M of Rudolf Steiner’s three lectures with only a trickle making its way to pro- on Christian Rosenkreutz (Neuchâtel: vide for human needs. A part of this dam 1911/12). Desaules used an image to is located in a seemingly strange place, illustrate the three time periods Rudolf namely, in foundations, where capital Steiner spoke of in these lectures. The comes to rest in the markets; only the in- first was in the 13th century with the ap- terest on it is used each year to support pearance of an individual who had an ini- research, education and new initiatives. tiation that united all the Mysteries, and While funding such work is highly com- thus enabled a new culture to arise in hu- mendable, the next step for foundations manity; it was the beginning of the Rosi- that will enable them to be even more crucian Mysteries. In the second (15th effective in their mission is to spend out century) this same individuality reincar- of their capital. If this is not done, this nated as Christian Rosenkreutz. This pe- capital will continue to be held back and riod is connected to the development of serve the interests of the capital markets inner and outer observation as an instru- rather than humanity at large. [See Ru- ment of perception and a strengthening dolf Steiner’s sixth economics lecture, of the Rosicrucian impulse. With the bur- “True Price” (July 29,1922)]. When foun- geoning consciousness the Renaissance Both theoretical and practical: Developing a dations begin to spend out of their capi- produced, humanity was increasingly new science of economics tal, they will be moving in the direction pulled in opposite directions—on the Rudolf Steiner indicated. one hand, toward a separation from the than inflation targeting (price stability) Our questions naturally led to looking earth represented by St. Francis of Assisi; could provide the basis for monetary to ourselves—in the Anthroposophical on the other, toward too close a connec- policy. Through this research we began Society itself—and re-envisioning how tion to the material plane represented by to formulate propositions to be used as its finances could be more directly based Copernicus. To counter this later trend, a a new practical foundation for economic on the indications from the 1923/24 third event occurred at the beginning science. [See Rudolf Steiner’s fourth eco- Christmas meeting. We looked at the of the 17th century that brought an en- nomics lecture, “Division of Labor and fixed membership fee required in the hanced capacity for peace and compas- Creation of Values” (July 27, 1922)]. An statutes, although there is total freedom sion to the will forces of all newly incar- example of this is a suggestion for money in how it is collected by each national So- nated human souls. This was how the creation we worked on during the meet- ciety and its branches. We also looked at two divergent tendencies could be held ing. A work-in-progress: Money creation the problem created when one or a few together within each human being. occurs when a request for credit (from individuals are responsible for managing Marc Desaules thus provided a back- anyone) receives a positive answer; his the receipt or distribution of large dona- drop for the remaining three days and il- inner response then leads him to act as tions. A structure is needed to help miti- lustrated the tremendous challenge fac- if he has money. gate the self-centered tendencies that ing humanity today, i.e. , how to find a naturally arise with such decisions. We true understanding of current economic Credit and Creativity considered having associations of people phenomena as a basis for an economic We then looked more deeply into the or institutions manage such decisions, science that is both theoretical and significance of lending capital without thus creating a surrounding awareness— practical. The Economics Conference is collateral or providing “personal credit” a periphery—that would serve as a way a small start in this process and encour- and the empowering effects it might of seeing one’s own consciousness. This ages involvement by anyone interested have on individual initiative. In contrast, is an aspect that will be important in in contributing toward this task. collateralized lending connects human- overcoming the separation of the money We went on to look more closely at ity too strongly with the material plane, market from the goods market. | Jesse Os- some of the key themes Rudolf Steiner uniting capital with the earth rather than mer, Arlesheim (Switzerland) presented in his Economics Course. with human creativity—capital’s true These included money creation, lending natural cover. While seemingly impos- Next Economics Conference: End of June, without collateral, and donations. We sible today, it is urgently necessary for 2013, Montreal (Canada). Information and contact: economics.goetheanum.org also touched on how true pricing rather humanity to take a step away from col-