DOCSLIB.ORG

Pdf 636.23 K

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pdf 636.23 K Genetic Layers of Tatar Cosmonyms Gulshat Raisovna Galiullina1a, Khalisa Khatipovna Kuzmina2a, Alsou Minneakhmetovna Kamalıeva3b, Zilya Munirovna Kajumova4a Abstract ARTICLE HISTORY: The article presents the results of the research of Tatar cosmonyms with regard to their origins. It is believed that Received October 2020 the lexis of any language is heterogeneous in terms of Received in Revised form December 2020 origins and consists of both aboriginal and borrowed words. Accepted December 2020 Available online January 2021 The language of the modern Tatars traces its roots to the ancient Turkic language, which was influenced by the Indo- European languages. The research revealed that all those lexical layers are reflected in the cosmonyms of the Tatar language. The smallest group is represented by ancient Turko-Tatar cosmonyms. The next group comprises cosmonyms, borrowed from Arabic. One more group is KEYWORDS: made up of cosmonyms borrowed from Russian and earlier th Cosmonyms derived from Latin and Greek. In the 20 century, many Borrowings Russian cosmonyms (astrotoponyms, for the most part) Tatar language were translated into Tatar. Lexemes of the first group are Lexis used in everyday speech. Meanwhile, Arabic and Latin Genetic layers names of celestial bodies are employed only in scientific and literary Tatar. © 2021 IJSCL. All rights reserved. 1 Professor, Email: [email protected] (Corresponding Author) Tel: +8(917)-274-11-84 2 Associate Professor, Email: [email protected] 3 Associate Professor, Email: [email protected] 4 MA, Email: [email protected] a Kazan Federal University, Russia b Bartyn University, Turkey 20 Genetic Layers of Tatar Cosmonyms 1. Introduction expressions of different cultures to understand this difference and to understand what is ow language originated has always important in each society. For example, if you occupied the minds of scientists. read Chinese terms about family, you will find Scientists have made many hypotheses H that family relationships are very valuable to about this, one of which is related to ancient the Chinese, and we can learn more about the Greece (Steels, 2007). According to this structure and characteristics of the family. theory, the first words of man were imitations Whatever culture you look at, you cannot of natural sounds; in other words, the sound of ignore its history. Understanding the history of animals or wind and rain or the collision of any culture allows you to understand why objects. Prehistoric humans used these sounds certain ideas, beliefs, and values were formed to convey the concepts that were relevant to in that culture and why certain words and them. They also speculated that the first words phrases exist in a language. If you take a closer came from jumbled cries of fear, panic, joy, or look at the science of etymology, you will find excitement. About 40 years ago, there was a that words that used to have a specific popular hypothesis that arm and hand meaning have a completely different meaning movements in early humans were accompanied today. by sounds coming out of the mouth to indicate a certain action, and thus language was created The Global Language System (GLS) is an (Huang, 2013). But none of these hypotheses intelligent model of communication between properly explain how the change in these language groups. The Dutch sociologist De sounds led to the creation of specific and Swaan (2013) presented this theory in 2001 in meaningful words and how the emergence of his book, “World Words”, entitled “The World language paved the way for the intellectual Language System”. According to the book, development of early humans and evolved multilingual communication between language speech, which is closely related to intellectual groups does not happen by chance, but on the development. The fundamental difference contrary, they form a very efficient and between humans and animals is their ability to powerful network that connects the six billion speak. Modern science attributes the beginning inhabitants of the planet. The GLS uses the of human evolution to the beginning of the theory of the world system to calculate the fourth period of geology, about 1.8 million relations between the languages of the world years ago, and equates it with the emergence and divides them into a hierarchy consisting of of two-legged primates whose soles were wide four levels: peripheral languages, central, and stuck to the ground. From the perspective super-central, and over-central (De Swaan, of anthropology, language as a technical tool 2013). According to De Swaan (2013), the and as an evolutionary perspective has played GLS has constantly been developing since the a key role in shaping the culture of society. time of “military-territorial” regimes (De This evolution has been very effective in the Swaan, 2013). Under these regimes, rulers importance and origin of the language of forced their own language, and thus the first human culture and has caused the “central” languages emerged, linking the differentiation of human language from the peripheral languages of agricultural societies system of animal language. to the language of the conquerors through bilingual speakers. Then came the formation Language is constantly changing and largely of empires, which led to the next stage of the depends on the views, values, and customs of integration of the GLS. its people. Obviously, the differences between the two cultures are well reflected in their For example, Latin first emerged from Rome. languages. Also, it should be noted that people Under the Roman Empire, which ruled a large in two countries and with two different group of countries, the use of Latin spread languages grow up with completely different along the Mediterranean coast, the southern values and beliefs. You need to prepare half of Europe, and rarely to the north and then yourself to understand and accept these to the Germanic and Celtic lands. Thus, Latin differences. Differences in values and beliefs became the main language in Europe from 27 can manifest themselves in different situations. BC to 476 AD. Second, due to the unification It is enough to look at the slang terms and of China in 221 BC by Qin Shi Huang, there G. R. Galiullina et al./ International Journal of Society, Culture & Language, 8(3), 2020 ISSN 2329-2210 21 was widespread use of the pre-classical Han purpose of forecasting the further development Chinese version in contemporary China. Third, of the language. the Sanskrit language in South Asia is popularized by the widespread teaching of All of these determine the relevance of this Hinduism and Buddhism in South Asian work. Studying names of celestial bodies in countries. Fourth, the expansion of the Arab the framework of onomastics is quite a new Empire also led to an increase in the use of and unexplored field in Tatar linguistics. In Arabic as a language in the African-Eurasian Russian onomastics, the question of whether landmass. this field should be termed as cosmonymics or astronymics is under discussion; the problem The military defeats of centuries in the past has not been resolved so far. In this article, the generally regulate the distribution of languages term cosmonymics is utilized. today. The super central languages are spread by sea and land. Land-based languages spread Certain aspects of studying cosmonyms and through marching empires: Chinese, German, their functioning were presented in the works Hindi, Russian, Japanese, and Arabic. by Superanskaya (1973), Karpenko (1981), Rut However, when the conquerors were defeated (1987), Galiullina, Kadirova, Khadieva, Kuzmina, and forced out of the realm, the spread of and Kajumova (2018), Khadieva, Galiullina, languages slowed. On the other hand, the and Kuzmina (2019), Kajumova, Galiullina, maritime languages spread by the conquests and Khadieva (2016), Abdrakhmanova, abroad: English, Spanish, French, and Galiullina, and Khadieva (2016), and others. Portuguese. As a result, these languages Considering that the issues of studying became popular in areas inhabited by cosmonyms are allied to analyzing the European colonizers, forcing indigenous development of the standard language and peoples and their languages into peripheral literature in its entirety (folk literature, in situations. particular), the works by Kuzmina, Khadieva, Galiullina, and Akhunzhyanova (2019) served The core of the language system, transmitted us as the basis for studying the names of to succeeding generations, represents the celestial bodies. lexical riches of any language, which create knowledge of the world around – the The purpose of this paper is to determine the worldview of native speakers; that is why historical genetic layers of Tatar cosmonyms, studying a word and its meaning started long to reveal the earliest appellations, and to ago. From ancient times to the present day, the demonstrate the specificity in the Tatar sky of stars and celestial bodies have attracted cosmonymy formation. We have studied the humans’ attention, so the process of their linguistic characteristics of cosmonyms naming is of special interest to both linguists functioning in the Tatar language and revealed and the public at large. The names of celestial that linguistic, extralinguistic, and ethnocultural bodies keep some data of the sky structure in features promote the use of cosmonyms in the ancient times when the language originated, of Tatar standard and everyday language. positions of the stars and the solar system planets regarding the Earth. In the epoch
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Globalization and Language Policies of Multilingual Societies
    Globalization and Language Policies of Multilingual Societies: Some Case Studies of South East Asia Globalização e políticas linguísticas em sociedades multilíngues: Estudos de caso do sudeste da Asia Navin Kumar Singh* Northern Arizona University Flagstaff / USA Shaoan Zhang** University of Nevada Las Vegas / USA Parwez Besmel*** Northern Arizona University Flagstaff / USA ABSTRACT: Over the past few decades, significant economic and political changes have taken place around the world. These changes also have put a significant mark on language teaching and learning practices across the globe. There is a clear movement towards multilingual practices in the world, which is also evident in the title of UNESCO 2003 education position paper, “Education in a multilingual world.” Given the long-standing history of multilingual contexts of the Himalayan region and the emergence of the two major global economic power centers of 21st century, China and India, language policies and practices of the region have become a great matter of interests for linguists and policy makers around the world. This paper uses case studies to investigate how globalization influences language education policies and practices in multilingual countries. The case studies that we have drawn from the four nations of South East Asia – Afghanistan, China, India, and Nepal offer insights for other multilingual nations of the world, as they portray the influences of globalization on language policies and practices of multilingual countries. This paper suggests more research on comparative studies of multilingual education across multilingual nations in the world. KEYWORDS: Language maintenance, globalization, multilingualism, Asian societies. * [email protected] ** [email protected] *** [email protected] RBLA, Belo Horizonte, v.
    [Show full text]
  • In Search of Esperanto
    Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems 13(2), 182-192, 2015 INTRODUCTION: IN SEARCH OF ESPERANTO Humphrey Tonkin* University of Hartford West Hartford, USA DOI: 10.7906/indecs.13.2.12 Regular article ABSTRACT After almost one hundred years of continuous use, Esperanto has achieved the status and character of a fully-fledged language, functioning much as any other language does. Research on Esperanto is hampered because knowledge of the subject is often regarded, ipso facto, as evidence of a lack of objectivity, and also because Esperanto, as largely an L2, is elusive, and its speakers hard to quantify. The problem is compounded by the rapid shift in its community from membership-based organizations to decentralized, informal web-based communication. Also shifting are the community’s ideological underpinnings: it began as a response to lack of communication across languages but is now often perceived by its users as an alternative, more equitable means of communication than the increasingly ubiquitous English. Underlying these changes is a flourishing cultural base, including an extensive literature and periodical press. There is a need for more research – linguistic, sociolinguistic, and in the history of ideas. In intellectual history, Esperanto and related ideas have played a larger role than is generally recognized, intersecting with, and influencing, such movements as modernization in Japan, the development of international organizations, socialism in many parts of the world, and, in our own day, machine translation. KEY WORDS Esperanto, Esperanto community, interlinguistic research, language ideology CLASSIFICATION JEL: O20 *Corresponding author, : [email protected]; +1 860 768 4448; *Mortensen Library, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT 06117, USA Introduction: in search of Esperanto INTRODUCTION In an influential essay some years ago, the late Richard Wood described Esperanto as “a voluntary, non-ethnic, non-territorial speech community” [1].
    [Show full text]
  • ARTICLE FUNCTIONAL-SEMANTICMUTUAL SUBSTITUTION of CASES in the TURKIC-SPEAKING LITERARY MONUMENTS of the GOLDEN HORDE PERIOD Gulnara R
    ISSN: 0976-3104 ISSUE: Multidisciplinary Social Science & Management ARTICLE FUNCTIONAL-SEMANTICMUTUAL SUBSTITUTION OF CASES IN THE TURKIC-SPEAKING LITERARY MONUMENTS OF THE GOLDEN HORDE PERIOD Gulnara R. Shakirova*, Gulnaz F. Gaynullina, Liliya M. Giniyatullina, Muslima M. Shakurova, Department of General Management, Kazan Federal University, Leo Tolstoy Institute of Philology and Intercultural Communication, Kazan, RUSSIA ABSTRACT The XIIIth – XIVth centuries were played the most important role of the development of the history and culture of Turkic nations and in the formation of the medieval Tatar ethnos. This period in the history of the Turkic literary language is marked, on the one hand, the beginning of kypchakizatsiya language monuments; on the other hand, Tatar literary language of a later period (XV – XVIII centuries) in its traditions goes directly to the literary language of the Golden Horde period that is to the written literary language of XIII – XIV centuries and Turkic-speaking monuments of this period are of direct relevance to the history of the Tatar language. This article attempts to analyze the functional-semantic mutual substitution cases in the Turkiс-speaking literary monuments of the Golden Horde period. And the Turkic-speaking monuments of this period are directly related to the history of the Tatar language. Turkological science has achieved significant success in the linguistic study of Turkish written monuments, which has the great importance both for tracing the evolution of the cultural and historical process of individual nations, and for recreating the history of Turkic languages. Despite this, written monuments of the history of the Tartar literary language of the earlier period (XIII – XIV centuries) have not been studied sufficiently.
    [Show full text]
  • Features of the Language of Tatars Living in China
    Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 17 (2): 168-172, 2013 ISSN 1990-9233 © IDOSI Publications, 2013 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2013.17.02.12181 Features of the Language of Tatars Living in China Alfiya Shavketovna Yusupova, Ilvira Nikolaevna Denmukhametova, Guzel Amirovna Nabiullina and Gulnaz Rinatovna Mugtasimova Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia Abstract: This study is focused on linguistic (phonetic, lexical and grammatical) features of speech of the Tatar diaspora living in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (People’s Republic of China). The language of the Tatars living in this area has undergone certain changes due to its interactions with the contacting Turkic (Uyghur and Kazakh) languages. Due to the historical events, this language has been evolving in isolation from the modern Tatar-speaking population in the Chinese-speaking environment. For this very reason, archaic elements typical of the Old Tatar language have been preserved in it. On the other hand, the close territorial contacts, as well as national and cultural ties with the Uyghurs and Kazakhs have been establishing good conditions for penetration of Chinese words into the language of Tatars living in China. Studying the lexical and grammatical features of the language of the Tatar diaspora in the People’s Republic of China plays a significant role for solving individual problems related to the history and dialectology of the Modern Tatar and other Turkic languages (in particular, Uyghur and Kazakh ones). Key words: Tatar language Diaspora Lexical and grammatical features Borrowings Dialect INTRODUCTION Chinese cities of Kulja, Ürümqi and Tacheng were the centers of Tatar communities abroad.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstracts English
    International Symposium: Interaction of Turkic Languages and Cultures Abstracts Saule Tazhibayeva & Nevskaya Irina Turkish Diaspora of Kazakhstan: Language Peculiarities Kazakhstan is a multiethnic and multi-religious state, where live more than 126 representatives of different ethnic groups (Sulejmenova E., Shajmerdenova N., Akanova D. 2007). One-third of the population is Turkic ethnic groups speaking 25 Turkic languages and presenting a unique model of the Turkic world (www.stat.gov.kz, Nevsakya, Tazhibayeva, 2014). One of the most numerous groups are Turks deported from Georgia to Kazakhstan in 1944. The analysis of the language, culture and history of the modern Turkic peoples, including sub-ethnic groups of the Turkish diaspora up to the present time has been carried out inconsistently. Kazakh researchers studied history (Toqtabay, 2006), ethno-political processes (Galiyeva, 2010), ethnic and cultural development of Turkish diaspora in Kazakhstan (Ibrashaeva, 2010). Foreign researchers devoted their studies to ethnic peculiarities of Kazakhstan (see Bhavna Dave, 2007). Peculiar features of Akhiska Turks living in the US are presented in the article of Omer Avci (www.nova.edu./ssss/QR/QR17/avci/PDF). Features of the language and culture of the Turkish Diaspora in Kazakhstan were not subjected to special investigation. There have been no studies of the features of the Turkish language, with its sub- ethnic dialects, documentation of a corpus of endangered variants of Turkish language. The data of the pre-sociological surveys show that the Kazakh Turks self-identify themselves as Turks Akhiska, Turks Hemshilli, Turks Laz, Turks Terekeme. Unable to return to their home country to Georgia Akhiska, Hemshilli, Laz Turks, Terekeme were scattered in many countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Neutrality of International Languages*
    Haitao Liu 37 Journal of Universal Language 7 September 2006, 37-64 Neutrality of International Languages* Haitao Liu Communication University of China Abstract This paper focuses on the neutrality of international languages. First, a derivation of the concept of “neutral language” from “inter- national communicative act” is provided; it is argued that an acceptable neutral language for international communication can only be an artificial language. Certain characterizations of consciously created languages are discussed. The paper distinguishes two types of neutrality: communicative neutrality and linguistic neutrality. All planned languages are communicatively neutral, but their linguistic neutrality varies, reflecting the diversity of language design principles. Given that absolute linguistic neutrality unattainable, it becomes reasonable to construct a language based on certain control languages plus linguistic universals. We introduce the term “deneutralization” to designate a process whereby a neutral language changes into an ordinary language. The paper also shows that Esperanto has not become deneutralized. Keywords: international language, neutrality, deneutralization, artificial language, planned language, universal language, Esperanto * I am grateful to Detlev Blanke for insightful discussion. I’d also like to thank Probal Dasgupta for providing detailed comments and correcting my English. 38 Neutrality of International Languages 1. Introduction Today English is already a global language (Crystal 1997), but many people still consider that it is not an ideal solution for international communication. Wright (2000: 246-247) mentions one reason for this in her book on the role of language in nation-state building and European integration: “They [artificial languages] are ideally suited to the role [of lingua franca] since they are not the languages of European nations of states.
    [Show full text]
  • Tatar National and Religious Revitalization in Post-Soviet Kazan, the Republic of Tatarstan
    TATAR NATIONAL AND RELIGIOUS REVITALIZATION IN POST-SOVIET KAZAN, THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN A Thesis Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree MASTERS OF ARTS By Liliya Nigmatullina May, 2010 Thesis Approval: Roman Cybriwsky, Thesis Advisor, Geography and Urban Studies Department Benjamin Kohl, Committee Member, Geography and Urban Studies Department Sanjoy Chakravorty, Committee Member, Geography and Urban Studies Department ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my thesis advisor, Professor Roman Cybriwsky, who showed great interest in my topic and was my guest in Kazan in summer 2010. It was an honor for me to show you Kazan. Thank you for being so helpful to me by providing your support and great ideas on how to enhance my thesis. I would like to thank my dear father and mother, who were born and raised in Kazan and witnessed both the Soviet and the post-Soviet periods. Thank you for sharing your valuable experiences and memories about the Soviet Kazan, and helping me out with some illustrations which I used for this work. I would also like to thank my husband Vladimir for being my endless source of inspiration and support. Thank you for believing in me. i TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i LIST OF TABLES iv LIST OF FIGURES v LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS vi CHAPTERS 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Thesis Objectives 2 1.3 Important Facts about Tatarstan 6 1.4 Important Facts about Kazan 10 1.5 Background Information about Tatars 13 1.6 Conclusion 18 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Vocabulary of Clothes and Jewelry in Studies of Turkic Languages (From the History of the Study of the Issue)
    ISSN 2039-2117 (online) Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol 6 No 5 S3 ISSN 2039-9340 (print) MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy September 2015 Vocabulary of Clothes and Jewelry in Studies of Turkic Languages (From the History of the Study of the Issue) Alfina Tagirovna Shamigulova Munir Idelovich Karabaev Gulfira Rifovna Abdullina Zulfiya Karimovna Ishkildina Sterlitamak branch of the Bashkir State University, Sterlitamak, Russian Federation 453103, Sterlitamak, Lenin Avenue, 47 «a»; Email: [email protected] Doi:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5s3p194 Abstract This paper analyzes the history of the study of vocabulary of clothes and jewelry in studies of Turkic languages. The vocabulary of of clothes and jewelry of every nation is closely connected with its history, culture and ethnography. Moreover, the names of clothes and jewelry are the most important historical source for the study of the nation’s origin and its development, a contact with other ethnic groups because in every historical epoch every nation has developed its own system of fashion, an important element of which is clothes and jewelry. The actual material shows that the composition of the vocabulary of clothes and jewelry consists not only of its own words, but also foreign borrowings. Therefore, having studied the vocabulary formation it is possible to find out early Turkic contacts with the rest the world. From ancient times these thematic groups of the lexical structure of the language were the subject of a research focus of scientists from different branches of science. Resources and scientific literature review on the study of culture, ethnography and language of Turkic peoples shows that lexical items, included in these thematic groups, occupy an important part of the vocabulary of Turkic languages.
    [Show full text]
  • Full Certainty That No Matter How Things Change in the Future, English Will Always Retain Its Beauty and Elegance and Will Keep on Conquering New Horizons
    IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 19, Issue 5, Ver. I (May. 2014), PP 109-113 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org English from Roots to Fruits 1Prof. G. Anburaj, 2Prof. G. Christopher, 3Mr. Anudish Koshal, 1,2,3(English,SSL VIT University, India,) (English,SSL,VIT University, India),(13BME0264,SMBS-VIT University, India) Abstract: In this paper we will travel through the journey of English language. Beginning from its inception we will explore how the language developed over time and its influence on the literary artists around the world and also conversely how the difference in writing style of various writers resulted in evolution of English from its old form to the one we use now. English is slowly turning into a universal language. It has become the language of all citizens. Knowing English has become an important prerequisite for almost all kinds of professions. English language has becoming a global phenomenon slowly and steadily. If every learner wants to blend in international stream in terms of profession, family then he or she needs to be fluent and well versed in the English language. Whatever wisdom and knowledge they may have, if they don’t know how to express it at any alien point, then that would be a tremendous put off to one. This paper deals with the English language how it has become a universal language why it is necessary learn this language, moreover it portrays the features of the universal language, the different medium, standardization and the concept of universalities etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Is Absolute Multilingualism Maintainable? the Language Policy of the European Parliament and the Threat of English As a Lingua Franca
    Ghent University Faculty of Arts and Philosophy Is absolute multilingualism maintainable? The language policy of the European Parliament and the threat of English as a lingua franca Supervisor: Paper submitted in partial fulfilment of the Dr. Katrijn Maryns requirements for the degree of “Master in de Taal- en Letterkunde: Nederlands - Engels” by Caroline Bogaert 2010 - 2011 Preface For two years, I have been able to immerse myself in the language systems of the European institutions. Although I knew very little about the institutions and their functioning at first, I am happy that, because of this final dissertation, I have now gained in-depth knowledge in what appears to be an effervescent and almost magical secluded world. What might seem a dull and bureaucratic system, is actually a well-oiled machine that, without a doubt, is one of the world’s most powerful democracies. How this grand system employing thousands of citizens from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds can function so effectively, gained my interest and compelled me to investigate this matter. The results of my research can be read below. The critique on Europe’s multilingual system will never fade, but that does not mean that it should be forgotten what tremendous results this language regime has yielded in the past, and will keep doing so in the future. Writing a final dissertation has not always been an easy process and in that respect, it goes without saying that I would like to thank a few people who have helped me along the way. First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisor, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Training Specialists in Rare Languages at Kazan University: with an Eye on Integral Vision
    Proceedings IFTE-2020, 2855-2867 doi:10.3897/ap.2.e2855 VI International Forum on Teacher Education Training Specialists in Rare Languages at Kazan University: With an Eye on Integral Vision Ramil T. Yuzmukhametov (a), Aida R. Fattakhova* (a), Tatiana N. Chugaeva (b) (a) Kazan Federal University, 420008, Kazan (Russia), 18 Kremlyovskaya street, [email protected] (b) Perm Federal Research Centre, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm (Russia),13a Lenin street Abstract This article describes the experience of Kazan University in teaching Swahili, Afrikaans and Indonesian. The study is essential due to the discovery of new directions in the study of rare languages at Kazan University, the need for theoretical understanding of the educational process, and the identification of students' priorities for studying languages in a rapidly changing world marked by the intensive interaction of languages and cultures. The aim of the study was the experimental justification of the theoretical model of co-studying languages and cultures based on the experience of teaching and learning rare languages at Kazan University. In the course of the study, general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach, a descriptive method, and a comparative method as a system of methods and analysis were used to identify the common and special patterns in teaching rare languages. The introduction of research results into the educational process ideally aims at the formation of integral thinking among students as a new way of understanding the world, since ‘a person as a resident on the planet must think and act in a new aspect, not only in the aspect of an individual person, family or clan, states or their unions, but also in the planetary aspect’ (Vernadsky, 1988).
    [Show full text]
  • English As a Lingua Franca in Europe: How Is Cultural Diversity Expressed in the Common Tongue?
    Master of Arts Thesis Euroculture University of Groningen Uppsala University June 2014 English as a Lingua Franca in Europe: How is Cultural Diversity Expressed in the Common Tongue? Submitted by: Mathieu Munsch Student number home university: S2395002 email: [email protected] Supervised by: Name of supervisor home university: Charlotte Gooskens Name of supervisor host university: Jérôme-Frédéric Josserand Groningen, June 1st, 2014 MA Programme Euroculture Declaration I, Mathieu Munsch hereby declare that this thesis, entitled “English as a Lingua Franca in Europe: How is Cultural Diversity Expressed in the Common Tongue?”, submitted as partial requirement for the MA Program Euroculture, is my own original work and expressed in my own words. Any use made within this text of works of other authors in any form (e.g. ideas, figures, texts, tables, etc.) are properly acknowledged in the text as well as in the bibliography. I hereby also acknowledge that I was informed about the regulations pertaining to the assessment of the MA thesis Euroculture and about the general completion rules for the Master of Arts Programme Euroculture. Signed Date June 1st, 2014 Table of contents Introduction.................................................................................................1 I) Literature Review....................................................................................3 1) Language ideologies...............................................................................................3 a) Standard-language ideology................................................................................3
    [Show full text]