Christmas, 1920 The Crisis

ONE DOLLAR AND A HALF A YEAR FIFTEEN CENTS A COPY DO YOU KNOW

that the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People sent James Wcldon Johnson, its Acting Secretary, to Haiti last spring to investigate and report on conditions there under American occupation— that his articles in The Nation and THE CRISIS told for the first time of the murder, rapine and exploitation of the Haitians by Americans— that the shocking of the American nation and government into making an investigation which will lead to the eventual (and probably im­ mediate) ending of the horrible regime in Haiti is directly due to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People's expose— that the eyes of the civilized world have been directed to the treatment of colored people in Haiti and in America by the United States gov­ ernment?

No one can tell what the final results will be. Certain it is that there will be immediate and far-reaching changes. That is what The NATIONAL ASSOCIATION for The ADVANCEMENT of COLORED PEOPLE can and will do with your support. Every new member, every new branch means greater power to light unceasingly for a square deal for colored people in America and elsewhere. ARE YOU A MEMBER? HAVE YOU A BRANCH IN YOUR CITY?

If not, write today to The National Association for The Advancement of Colored People 70 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. for information.

National Officers Executive Officers

President MARY WHITE OVINGTON MOORFIELD STOREY Chairman of the Beard Vice-Presidents JAMES WELD ON JOHNSON' ARCHIBALD H. GRIMKE Acting Secretary REV. JOHN 1IAYNES HOLMES WALTER F. WHITE BISHOP JOHN HURST Assistant Secretary J. E. SPINGARX ARTHUR "R. SPIXGARN Treasu ret OSWALT) GARRISON VILLARD DR. W. E. P,. DLI BOIS, Director of Publications and Research WILLIAM PICKENS. Associate Field Secretary THE CRISIS A RECORD OF THE DARKER RACES

PUBLISHED MONTHLY AND COPYRIGHTED BY THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOB THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE, AT 70 FIFTH AVENUE. NEW YORK CITY. CON­ DUCTED BY W. E. BURGHARDT DU BOI8; JESSIE REDMON FAUSET, LITERARY EDITOR; AUGUSTUS GRANVILLE DILL, BUSINESS MANAGER.

Vol. 21-No. 2 DECEMBER, 1920 Whole No. 122

PICTURES Page COVER. "DARK WOMANHOOD UNREDEEMED." After the painting by J. H. Caines. THE INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL OF WOMEN, NORWAY 59 RUINS OF CHRISTOPHE'S PALACE, HAITI 63 MEN OF THE MONTH 77

ARTICLES THE INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL OF WOMEN 57 MARCUS GARVEY. W. E. B. Du BoU 58 THE HOUSING CRISIS IN NEW YORK CITY. Victor R. Daly 61 THREE BOOKS 62 JOSEPH AND MARY COME TO BETHLEHEM. Translated from an old French chanson by Jessie Fauset. Decorated 72-73 THREE POEMS. Charles Bertram Johnson 75 DEPARTMENTS OPINION 53 NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE 65 THE LOOKING GLASS 69 MEN OF THE MONTH 75 THE HORIZON 78 THE JANUARY CRISIS

The January CRISIS will conclude ihe article on Marcus Garvey. There will be an excellent short story and articles on community houses. Our 1921 Calendar cf Xegro authors is a remarkable document.

FIFTEEN CENTS A COPY; ONE DOLLAR AND A HALF A YEAR

FOREIGN SUBSCRIPTIONS TWENTY-FIVE CENTS EXTRA

RENEWALS: The date of expiration of each subscription is printed on the wrapper. When the subscription is due, a blue renewal blank is enclosed. CHANGE OF ADDRESS: The address of a subscriber can be changed as often as desired. In ordering a change of address, both the old and the new address must be given. Two weeks' notice is required. MANUSCRIPTS and drawings relating to colored people are desired. They must be accom­ panied by return postage. If found unavailable they will be returned. Entered as second class matter November 2, 1910, at the post office at New York, New York, under the Act of March 3, 1879. So THE CRISIS ADVERTISER

National Training School

DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA A School for the Training of Colored Young Men and Women for Service

Though it is young in history, the Institution feels a just pride in the work thus far accomplished, for its graduates are already filling many responsible positions, thus demonstrating the aim of the school to train men and women for useful citizenship.

DEPARTMENTS ALREADY ESTABLISHED

The Grammar School The Teacher Training Department The Academy The Divinity School The School of Arts and Science* The Commercial Department The Department of Music The Department of Home Economics The Department of Social Service

TERM OPENED SEPTEMBER 21, 1920

For farther information and Catalog, address President James E. Shepard, Durham, North Carolina

STATE OF NEW JERSEY Lincoln University Ranked in Class 1 among colleges for colored students MANUAL TRAINING & by the American Medical Association INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL College and Theological Seminary FOR COLORED YOUTH opened Sept. 21, 1920 BORDENTOWN, N. J. Address:

A high institution for the training of President, John B. Rendall, D.D. colored youth. Excellent equipment, Lincoln University, thorough instruction, wholesome sur­ Chester County, Pa. roundings. Academic training for all students. Courses in carpentry, agriculture and The Cheyney Training School trades for boys, including auto re­ for Teachers pairing. Cheyney, Pa. Courses in domestic science and do­ Made in 1920 an accredited State Normal School, mestic art for girls. offering in addition to the regular Normal course A new trades building, thoroughly of two years professional three year courses in Home equipped. Economics and Manual Training. A diploma from any of these courses makes a graduate eligible to teach New girls' dormitory thoroughly and in^ the public schools of Pennsylvania. A three-year modernly equipped. High School Course is offered to all who have com­ pleted the eighth grammar grade. Terms reasonable. Board and Tuition $153.00 Fall term opened September, 1920. 1st Semester, September 13, 1920 For information address 2nd Semester, January 26, 1921 W. R. VALENTINE, Principal For further pailiculars and catalog, write— LESLIE PINCKNEY HILL, Principal, CHEYNEY, PA.

Mention T HE CRISIS. THE CRISIS ADVERTISER

MOREHOUSE COLLEGE Atlanta University (Formerly Atlanta Baptist College) Is beautifully located in the City of Atlanta, ATLANTA, GA Ga. The courses of study include High School, College, Academy, Divinity School Normal School mid College. Special emphasis, is laid upon the training of teachers. Students An institution famous within recent years come from all parts of the South. Graduates for its emphasis on all sides of manly develop­ have a fine record for successful work. For further information address ment—the only institution in the far South devoted solely to the education of Negro President Edward T. Ware young men. Atlanta* Ga. Graduates given high ranking by greatest

^liJttllllUJUllUIIIUJJUtlllUitlOlllla^UJUIUllJJIIIIllllJUIIIUJIIJiUILIIiUUIIJIJiLlllllitMllllllIllllllJilUliailllJItttlJJJTn^ northern universities. Debating, Y. M. C. A., athletics, all live features. For information, address I KNOXVILLE COLLEGE I JOHN HOPE, President. Beautiful Situation. Healthful Location. Best Moral and Spiritual Environment. Splendid Intellectual Atmosphere. Noted tor Honest and Thorough Work. FISK UNIVERSITY Institution offers full courses in the fol­ lowing departments: College, Normal, High NASHVILLE, TENN. School, Grammar School, Domestic Science, Founded 1866 Nurse Training and Industrial. Good water, steam heat, electric lights, Thorough Literary, Scientific, Educational, natural drainage, splendid dormitories, Ex­ Musical and Social Science Courses. Pioneer penses very reasonable. in Negro music. Special study in Negro life. Began September IS, 1920. Ideal and sanitary buildings and grounds. For catalog and other information address § Well-equipped Science building. PRESIDENT J. KELLY GIFFEN Christian home life. KnoulUe, Tenn. 1 iiTTTiruijiiiiimiiiiiiiimfriTniiniiiniHiiFiiiiiFniirmimttnnuTiiiiiiiirniii High standard of independent manhood and womanhood. For literature, etc., write 1870 CLARK UNIVERSITY 1920 FAYETTE AVERY McKENZIE, President ATLANTA, GEORGIA Over 100 acres of beautiful campus. Twelve buildings with new $100,000 administration building with modem chapel and gymnasium under construction. Strong facul­ ty—Religious atmosphere—Athletics—Co-educational. Ad­ mission only by application. BIDDLE UNIVERSITY RE-ARRANGED COURSES OF STUDY Junior High School—7th and 8th Grades and 1st and CHARLOTTE. N. C. 2nd Year^' High School Courses, with Certificate. Blddle University, ei-eratrii index the sasslces or Junior College—3rd and 4th Year High School with the Northern Presbyterian Church, has (our Depart­ • Freshman and Sophomore years of College work, with ment*—High School, Arts ud Sciences Theological Diploma. and Industrial, The completion of a Grammar School College—Four years above High School, or two years course is the requirement, for entrance to the first Tear above Junior College Course, with degree of A.B. of the High School. Domestic Science—Commerce—Normal— The School of Arts and Sciences offer* two courses uf study, the Classical and the Scientific m the Pre-medical Course scientific, German )• substituted for Greek or Latin. 51st year nf nine months opened September 22. 1920. The entrance requirement for the Freshman Claes 1* $16.00 per month pays tuition, board, room and laundry. 16 units of High School work. HARRY ANDREWS KING, President The Theological Department offers two courses, each consisting of three years. The first is purely Cngllsh. Greek and Hebrew are taught In the others. All students In the High School Dept. axe reqmlretl tu take trades In the Industrial Dept. Fsr further information, tddrttt President H. L. MtCreray, &fjt Jflortba Agricultural Charlotte, N. C. anb ifflecfjamcal College

Offers courses leading to certificates, diplomas and degrees. Morris Brown University Atlanta. Ga.

Nathan B. Young, President Co-Educational The largest institution of learning in the South Tallahassee, Florida owned and controlled by Negroes. Faculty of special­ ists, trained in some of the best universities in the North and in the South. Noted for high standard of scholarship; industrial emphasis and positive Chris­ tian influence. Well equipped dormitories; sane STATE UNIVERSITY, Louisville, Ky. athletics under faculty supervision. Expenses rea­ Founded 1879. sonable. Location central and healthful. The only Institution In the State baring for Its object Departments: Theology, College, High School, Nor­ Collegiate. Ministerial. Medical, and Legal training for Col­ mal, Commercial, Musical, Domestic Science, Sewing, ored citizens In Kentucky. Printing and Tailoring. Special training In Insurance, Social Service, Nursing and First Semester began September, 1920. Hospital Work. , Normal, Commercial, Music, Domestic Science, Missionary For further information address training class. JOHN H. LEWIS, President Evening classes, correspondence course. Degrees offered. President C. H. Parrish BISHOP J. S. FLIPPER, Chairman Trustee Board. Mention THE CRISIS. 52 THE CRISIS ADVERTISER

Talladega College Wiley University Talladega, Alabama Marshall, Texas Founded in 1867 for the Education of Negro Leaders Recognized as a college of first class by Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas and Okla­ Beautiful and Healthful Location. homa State Boards of Education. Har­ Literary, Scientific, Educational, So­ vard, Boston University, University of cial Service, Theological, Musical, Illinois and University of Chicago repre­ Business Administration, Journalism, sented or. its faculty. One hundred Nurse Training Courses. twenty-seven in College Department, ses­ High Standards of Christian Man­ sion 1919-1920. Several new buildings, hood and Womanhood. steam heated and electric lighted. For further information address M. W. DOGAN, President F. A. SUMNER, President

MUSIC TEACHER WANTED— A well trained and experienced COLEMAN COLLEGE teacher of pianoforte and voice for a Chris­ GIBSLAND, LA. tian school. Must be devoted to her work and a good example for young women. Supported by Baptist State Woman'! Home Address—SECONDARY SCHOOL, c/o THE Mission Society of Chicago and Boston and A. B. H. Society of New York. Students CRISIS. from six different states. Graduates ex­ empted on first grade by Louisiana, Arkansas and Oklahoma. Couple would like to adopt O. L. COLEMAN, President a baby girl 14 to 16 months old. ST. MARY'S SCHOOL Write An Episcopal boarding school for girls, nnder the direction of the sisters of St. Mary. Address: THE Box 194, Ridgewood, N. J. SISTER-IN-CHAEGE. 6138 Gerraantown Avenue, Philadelphia. Pa. The Lincoln Hospital and Home TRAINING SCHOOL FOR NURSES Both of Us Lose, Young Man in the city of New York offers to young colored women a three If you fail to study the supe­ years' course of instruction in nursing. rior advantages North Carolina Capacity of hospital—420 beds. offers you through The Agri­ Post Graduate Course of six months to graduates of accredited schools. cultural and Technical College For information apply to: for securing good, practical and Superintendent of Nurses technical training. Lincoln Hospital and Home New York, N.Y. Four Strong Departments: Agricultural Academic HALE INFIRMARY AND NURSE TRAINING Mechanical Teacher-Training SCHOOL, 325 Lake Street, Montgomery, Ala. Offers to High School graduates and young women of higher education and good moral character, between the ages of 18 and 35, a Night School for those who three years' course in the profession of nurs­ desire to work in the day. ing. For further information apply to the Superintendent enclosing a stamp. Fall Term began, September 1,1920

Address: Special CRISIS Offer JAS. B. DUDLEY, President Five paid-up yearly subscriptions to tlie CRISI S sent in at one time will entitle the A. &T . College sender to a year's subscription tree. This offer holds good until midnight of December 31, Greensboro, N. C. 1920.

Mention Tn E CRISIS. THE CRISIS Vol. 21. No. 2 DECEMBER, 1920 Whole No. 122 Opinion of W. E. B. Dubois PONTIUS PILATE "See, Governor? Hear that? The PONTIUS PILATE, Federal Saturday crowds are in town and Governor of Mississippi, sat Jack is a prime favorite—you know in the Judgment seat at they're none too well disposed toward Jackson. Before him you and the Government since this stretched a table of shining gold and new usurpation of federal power." the morning sun sang through the "That's just it," answered the Gov­ eastern windows. It lighted the ernor angrily, straightening in his faces of the Chief Priest and the Eld­ chair and flashing challenging ers as they bent eagerly toward him, glances right and left: "Lawlessness and twisted itching hands. has brought Mississippi to this pass He was lingering a pile of silver and yet you want me not only to par­ money which seemed to have been don a notorious criminal, but also to tossed or thrown upon the table be­ condemn an innocent man." fore him. "Innocent?" cried several voices, "This-er-Iscariot fellow," he began but the great voice of the Bishop out- in a low, inquiring voice, while his drowned them all. eyes sought the haunting shadows of "You do not understand," he said the long, crimson curtains at his back. ominously, thrusting forward his A bishop interrupted him: a tall great bulk and towering over the ner­ and mighty bishop cassocked, ringed, vous frame of the Governor. The and jewelled: Governor stiffened but did not quail. "Just a case of uneasy conscience "You are northern born—you live far —a worthless fellow—we shall give from our problem—our fearful Prob­ this to foreign missions, shall we not, lem. Remember, Sir, in Mississippi and seek Souls for the Kingdom?" there is one Crime of Crimes, one And he gathered up and counted out beside which all crimes fade to inno­ thirty pieces— "and now to the main cence—Murder, Arson, Rape, Theft— matter." all are nothing beside the crime of "I don't see how I can pardon this Race Equality. Sir, this man, whom Barabbas," said the Governor,— we have brought before you, not only speaking with sudden vehemence. preaches openly the equality of all "He is a criminal and a drunkard— men, but (and the Bishop shuddered) he has killed men before and—" practices it!" "Now, now, Governor!" interrupt­ And then the flying words of all the ed the Judge, "Jack Barabbas is not eager, angry councilors raised and so bad—quarrelsome, to be sure, swept across the golden board and up when in liquor, and quick to defend the crimson curtains and down the his honor as every white man should open, sun-flushed windows: be. Moreover—hark f" "Do you know what he wants?"— Something floated in by the win­ "He wants equality for Everybody— dow. It was a low, but monstrous everybody, mind you"—"Turks, Jews, sound and in it lay anger and blood. Niggers, Dagoes, Chinks, Japs"—

53 54 THE CRISIS

"everybody"—"talking, sleeping, kiss­ You simply deliver this man into our ing, marrying"—"the damned scoun­ hands; and by your pardon of Barab­ drel !"—"and do you know why he bas the crowd will be mollified and—" wants it?"—"He's nothing but a—" "And what?" asked the Governor. —"He's a Bolshevist—a Red Revolu­ "Well, there will be less likelihood tionist"—"He is going to overthrow of violence." all government—" Pilate arose agitated. "I'll have And then in a shriek—"He claims nothing to do with it," he said. "I to be God and King." wash my hands of the whole thing." Slowly, Pilate arose. The councilors bowed and turned "Bring him in," he said. to the door. The shout of the mob They swung the crimson curtains rose and rent the courtyard and the back and there in the shadows stood sunlight died: the Christ. —Lynch him! Lynch the Pontius Pilate shuddered. "Art damned—! thou King?" he whispered. For a moment Pilate hesitated with And the answer came calm and clenched hands and riven face. Then clear, "Yes!" slowly he left the chamber. The cry of the mob below shivered It was late afternoon and Pilate to a shriek, while the Chief Priest stood in the clean, cool bathroom, and the Elders stood in a silence that washing his hands. His wife hurried was ominous. in. Pilate turned. "Pontius," she said hesitatingly, "I find no fault in this man," he "have nothing to do with that just said doggedly, as his hands trembled. man—for I have suffered—" "He blasphemed against the White "There, there! It's all right," he Race," hissed the Bishop. said, chucking her under the chin. But Pilate continued: "You have "Don't meddle in politics." They both brought this man before me as a dan­ started, for they heard the mad music gerous agitator. I have examined of myriad feet, the laughter, scream­ him before you and have found no ing and cursing of men, and the shrill fault in him. I will therefore fine him babble of women's voices; and then and let him go." over the height of the hills rolled the But the council cried in one voice. far-off echo of that world-worn cry: "Away with Christ—and pardon "My God, my God! Why has Thou Barabbas!" forsaken me!" "I'll pardon Barabbas if you insist —but Christ—" THE UNREAL CAMPAIGN Again the groan of the mob rose - NEVER have the American peo­ and flooded in at the window, break­ ple endured such a Presiden­ ing the sunshine. tial campaign. It is true that Pilate stirred uneasily—"I won't in no campaign are the great punish him," he said testily. "I know issues always distinct and clear and no law." the alignments definite and under­ "Sir, we know our unwritten law. standable. But surely in no campaign The crowd below—" ha? there ever been such a lack of "I'll have no violence," cried Pilate. ali iment and such deliberate smear-

"It was just this lynching business infe of issues. One may, as one is con­ that led the federal government to stituted, regard voting as a test of interfere in Mississippi—" conscience and principle or as a prac­ • "Your Excellency, consider a mo­ tical make-shift. In the first, the land ment," interrupted the States Attor­ may easily go to the dogs while the ney. "You incur no responsibility. Dreamer walks his high and isolated OPINION 55

path. In the other case, we may too "Pure White America" excels most easily forget our dreams. lands in being able to boast an ances­ But both sorts of Voters on No­ try which includes.far more jails, asy­ vember 2, 1920, were in maddening lums and gutters and far fewer pal­ puzzlement. The League of Nations? aces than most nations. Is this her There was no real difference between shame or glory? And which was the parties; between Johnson and worse: the shrieking whispers of the Wilson there was a world of argu­ Democrats, or the vociferous denials ment ; but Taft and Holt, Hoover and of the Republicans of the taint! Taint, Cox? It was all a matter of punctua­ forsooth! what could taint America? tion and style. No man then could vote Ohio, once the home of freedom, led either the Republican or the Demo­ in Anti-Negro propaganda, egged on cratic ticket because he favored or op­ by Cox and the new white southern posed the League. And outside the immigration. "Timely warnings" to League, What? Imperialism, labor and white folk were distributed by the wage, the power of capital, the mar­ hundred thousand declaring, "Ohioans keting of farm products, the building should remember that the time has of homes, the training of children, the come when we must handle this prob­ ownership of land, the freedom of lem in somewhat the same way as the suffrage—in these and all else the ma­ South is handling it!" As a result jor parties were mere fog or reaction. many of the colored candidates for the Indeed the only real, stinging, fighting legislature were defeated, but more questions in the whole campaign were were elected than ever before and President Wilson and the Negro. many friends like Governor Davis, formerly Mayor of Cleveland, tri­ The Family Tree umphed. The allegation was that the Presi­ Third Parties dent-elect had a black man some­ where among his remote ancestors. The third parties have made a sin­ Can you conceive how real a fury this gularly spiritless campaign. As re­ query roused? How else could it be sidual legatees of all protest and un­ with our deliberate cultivation of race rest they did almost nothing to answer hate and with Pat Harrison of Mis­ the searching query of desperate sissippi heading one of the Speakers' strivers for light. Not the ultimate Bureaus ? dogma of Marxian socialism or the Suppose President Harding is col­ undigested hodge-podge of Farmer- ored—What of it? He would be but Laborers sufficed. Men asked and one of hundreds of distinguished were not answered: What is the next Americans who served their country step and how does it lead to a definite, well from the day of Alexander Ham­ clearmarked way? The great mass of ilton to that of Lew Wallace. Nefer­ laboring people, the thrifty, hard­ tari and Amenhotep, Candace and working farmers and small capital­ Terence, Askia and Tamuramaro, ists, lacked dismally here that leader­ Browning and Lafcadio Hearn—how ship which through the great Labor many of the world's heroes have party of England and the right wing shared the black blood of Africa! It Socialists of Italy are hewing, wav­ is an ancient and noble lineage; as eringly but stubbornly, a real path, high and deserving as that of any race leaving on the one side intransigeant on earth, until Ethiopia was raped communism and on the other, organ­ and murdered and despoiled by ized and reactionary theft. Not so Europe. God knows that all of us— America. We, the burden-bearers, black, white, red and yellow, are low could not even agree to disagree and enough in ancestry and service, but delivered the masses bound into the 56 THE CRISIS

hands of the Phillistines. siding elders and pastors and special And the' Black Man. He had no monies raised for mission work, chance. He was less than free and church extension and in education more than a slave. He was a machine rallies. This is a record of which any —an automatic registration mark for organization should be proud. the Republican party. He could not be otherwise. From the day Wood­ AND NOW LIBERIA row Wilson shamelessly betrayed his HE Wilson Plan of assisting black supporters of 1912 to the day Liberia has been finally re­ when the flippant Cox of Ohio built vealed in detail. Its terms, his Ohio campaign on the cheapest which include a loan of five brand of "nigger"-hatred, the black million dollars, are found to be disas­ American had but one political choice trously rigid. Worley, a white Vir­ or mission: to defeat the South-ridden ginian, as General Receiver, is the Democratic party. He could not even one prominent figure and would be think of taking an off-shot at the Mil­ the real ruler of Liberia under this lenium by voting Socialist or Farmer plan, together with his band of white Labor—he must defeat the Demo­ pensioners. He and our Secretary of crats. Legation, Bundy, sought to force the And he did his bit. plan through, but President King And so the great farce ends. The called an extra session of the Legisla­ People have spoken—and said noth­ ture to consider amendments. While ing. the Legislature was in session a cable­ gram was received from the United States, saying that no amendments THE A. M. E. CHURCH to the Plan would be accepted and 00 little has been said of the that the Plan must be signed as sub­ extraordinary accomplish­ mitted by them, "or the friendly in­ ment of the Department of terest which has heretofore existed Finance of the A. M. E. would become lessened." Church during the last quadrennium. For the first time in the history of The Liberians, however, refused to the church there has been collected be frightened and are preparing to in "dollar money" over a million dol­ eend another commission to America, lars during a quadrennium. The now that the election is over, to dis­ Financial Secretary who accomplished cuss some reasonable changes in the this is John Russell Hawkins, of proposed financial arrangements. North Carolina. The "dollar money" is a sort of federal tax upon individ­ COOPERATION ual members for the support of the HE second annual coopera­ general connection and its increase tive convention met in Cin­ since its entablishment has been as cinnati, November 11-14; follows: the "All American Farmer 1S72—1870 $95,554 1S9G—1900 $400,074 Labor Cooperative Commission" has 1876—1880 99.925 1900-1901 703.411 been organized with headquarters in 1880—^1884 1G9.3S9 1904—190S.' 605,494

1884—1SSS 199,514 190S—1912 790,OSS Washington, D. C, and Frederic C. 1888—1S92 313.341 1912—1910 S50.211 Howe is executive secretary; in New 1892—1896 351.912 1910—1920 1,033.079 York the Socialist Rand School is Thus from 1872-1920 the church giving courses on cooperation and an­ has collected $5,758,625 for general swering questions by correspondence. expenses, not including money raised Thus the movement grows. Shall for local purposes, salaries for pre­ American Negroes lag behind! INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL 57

MC SWINEY on account of the Houston riot. This HE veriest coward may die was bad enough; but in addition to for a cause in the frenzy ot this there are today languishing in battle with court martial and the United States Penitentiary at disgrace behind him and Leavenworth, Kan., 56 colored men naming medals in front. A brave sentenced to life imprisonment and 5 man may rush to his death at sudden men sentenced to imprisonment for call in time of peace. But the bravest 15 years, all for the same alleged of­ of the brave is he who without hurt fence. This shameful injustice is a or hate simply lies still and for the trumpet call to every American Negro sake of Right dies by inches through and we should never rest until these endless days. No cause with such men are pardoned and freed,— martyrs can ever die. "Lord, these are Thine who pay the MARTYRS price HREE years ago December For what a freeman's soul is 11, at 7:17 in the morning, worth,— thirteen American Negro Whose madness is their sacrifice soldiers were murdered on That what they love may live on the scaffold by the American govern­ earth! ment to satisfy the bloodlust of Texas Lord these are Thine!" THE INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL OF WOMEN

The International Council of Women southern colored women into the North for meets every five years. This year it voting purposes. Repeated efforts were met in Christiania, Norway, and for the first made to segregate the colored women in time had an accredited Negro delegate, Mrs. Italy and Switzerland. At the American Mary B. Talbert of Buffalo N. Y., and her Y. W. C. A. in Paris, where the party ar­ alternate, Dr. Mary F. Waring of Chicago. rived late in the morning after an all night The race has been represented unofficially ride, all the white delegates were welcomed twice before,—by Miss Hallie Q. Brown who and accommodated while the colored dele­ addressed the London meeting in 1899 and gates were even refused breakfast. At Ant­ by Mrs. Mary Church Terrell who spoke at werp, Mrs. Riley went to the proprietor of the Berlin meeting in 1904. the hotel and demanded segregation of the The delegates, including Mrs. Talbert and colored guests, which he refused. Mrs. Wat­ her daughter and Dr. Waring, traveled in a kins left the party at Brussels to avoid fur­ party via Italy, Switzerland, France, Bel­ ther contact. , gium, Denmark, Norway and Scotland. In Birmingham, England, at the Queen's There were five southern-born white women Hotel, Mrs. Heisey and Mrs. Riley refused in the party: Mrs. Alexander Watkins of seats at the table where Mrs. Talbert and Miuter City, Miss.; Mrs. James Riley of her daughter were sitting and left the Charlotte, N. C, former vice-president of dining-room. At Copenhagen, Denmark, the L'eneral Federation of Women's Clubs; they were entertained at the American Con­ Mrs. O. J. Chandler of Harrodsburg, Ky.; sul. -Mrs. Gould, Mrs. Chandler and Mrs. Mrs. Heisey of Great Falls, Mont.; and Mrs. Marsh, of Wyoming, refused to attend be­ Marsh of Wyoming. These women together cause the colored women were there. with Mrs. Howard Gould during the whole At the meeting of the council the colored 78 days of the journey made the life of the. women received every courtesy from the colored delegates as uncomfortable as possi­ foreign delegates and from the American ble. Mrs. Gould began the campaign on officials, Mrs. Phillip North Moore and Mrs. shipboard by repeating in a loud voice vari­ Joseph C. Merriman. During this time Mrs. ous tales of the systematic importation of Talbert published four articles on our race 58 THE CRISIS problem in two leading Christiania papers. party. At her request Mrs. Talbert sat at On the return there were several social her right and the representative of the Jew­ functions of such importance that the South­ ish women, Mrs. Nathan Harris, at her left. erners were compelled to endure in silence All the Southerners were present. Mrs. the presence of the colored delegates. For Riley sat at the right of Lord Aberdeen and instance, all the delegates were entertained Mrs. Merriman. conductor of the party, on by the King and Queen of Norway. All the the left. They were entertained at Edin­ Southerners were present. Lady Aberdeen, burgh, Scotland, by the Common Council. president of the Council, entertained the All were present. delegates and alternates at breakfast. Mrs. And so the eventful journey ended with Riley was placed opposite Dr. Waring and the colored women quietly and with dignity did not leave the table. At Hadow House, standing at their guns and the southern Aberdeen, Scotland, on the way back, Lady white women furious at the "social equal­ Aberdeen entertained _ the whole American ity!"

MARCUS GARVEY

W. E. B. Du Bois

MARCUS GARVEY was born at St. guished until at last with the increased Ann's Bay, Jamaica, about 1885. He migration from the West Indies during the was educated at the public school and then war he succeeded in establishing a strong for a short time attended the Church of nucleus in the Harlem district of New York England Grammar School, although he was City. a Roman Catholic by religion. On leaving His program now enlarged and changed school he learned the printing trade and somewhat in emphasis. He began especially followed it for many years. In Costa Rica to emphasize the commercial development he was associated with Marclam Taylor in of the Negroes and as an islander familiar publishing the Blue field's Messenger. Later with the necessities of ship traffic he he was on the staff of La Nation. He then planned the "Black Star Line". The public returned to Jamaica and worked as a print­ for a long time regarded this as simply a er, being foreman of the printing depart­ scheme of exploitation, when they were ment of P. Benjamin's Manufacturing Com­ startled by hearing that Garvey had bought pany of Kingston. Later he visited Europe a ship. This boat was a former coasting and spent some time in England and France vessel, 32 years old, but it was put into and while abroad conceived his scheme of commission with a black crew and a black organizing the Negro Improvement Society. captain and was announced as the first of a This society was launched August 1, 1914. fleet of vessels which would trade between in Jamaica, with these general objects the colored peoples of America, the West among others: Indies and Africa. With this beginning, "To establish a Universal Confraternity the popularity and reputation of Mr. Gar­ among the race"; "to promote the spirit vey and his association increased quickly. of race pride and love"; "to administer to In addition to the Yarmouth he is said to and assist the needy"; "to strengthen the have purchased two small boats, the Shady- imperialism of independent African States"; side, a small excursion steamer which made "to conduct a world-wide commercial and daily excursions up the Hudson, and a industrial intercourse". yacht which was designed to cruise among His first practical object was to be the the West Indies and collect cargo in some establishment of a farm school. Meetings central spot for the Yarmouth. He had were held and the Roman Catholic Bishop, first announced the Black Star Line as a the Mayor of Kingston, and many others Five Million Dollar corporation, but in Feb­ addressed them. Nevertheless the project ruary, 1920, he announced that it was going did not succeed and Mr. Garvey was soon in to be a Ten Million Dollar corporation with financial difficulties. He therefore prac­ shares selling at Five Dollars. To this he tically abandoned the Jamaica field and added in a few months the Negro Factories came to the United States. In the United Corporation capitalized at One Million Dol­ States his movement for many years lan­ lars with two hundred thousand one dollar PAKTIAL VIEW OF A SESSION OF THE INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL OF WOMEN, CHRIST1ANIA, NORWAY; LADY ABERDEEN PRESIDING. (The arrow showB Mrs. Talbert.)

59 6o THE CRISIS shares, and finally he announced the sub­ fects of temperament and training: he is scription of Five Million Dollars to free dictatorial, domineering', '"Sordinately vain Liberia and Haiti from debt. and very suspicious. He cannot get on with Early in 1920 he called a convention of his fellow-workers. His entourage has con­ Negroes to meet in New York City from the tinually changed.1 He has had endless law 1st to the 31st of August, "to outline a suits and some cases of fisticuffs with his constructive plan and program for the up­ subordinates and has even divorced the lifting of the Negroes and the redemption of young wife whom he married with great Africa". He also took title to three apart­ fanfare of trumpets about a year ago. All ment houses to be used as offices and pur­ these things militate against him and his chased the foundation of an unfinished Bap­ reputation. Nevertheless I have not found tist church which he covered over and used the slightest proof that his objects were not for meetings, calling it "Liberty Hall". In sincere or that he was consciously diverting August, 1920, his convention met with repre­ money to his own uses. The great difficulty sentatives from various parts of the United with him is that he has absolutely no busi­ States, several of the West India Islands ness sense, no flair for real organization and and the Canal Zone and a few from Africa. his general objects are so shot through with The convention carried out its plan of a bombast and exaggeration that it is diffi­ month's meetings and culminated with a cult to pin them down for careful examina­ mass meeting which filled Madison Square tion. Garden. Finally the convention adopted a On the other hand, Garvey is an extraor­ "Declaration of Independence" with 66 ar­ dinary leader of men. Thousands of people ticles, a universal anthem and colors,—red, believe in him. He is able to stir them black and green—and elected Mr. Garvey as with singular eloquence and the general run "His Excellency, the Provisional President of his thought is of a high plane. He has of Africa", together with a number of become to thousands of people a sort of various other leaders from the various religion. He allows and encourages all parts of the Negro world. This in brief is sorts of personal adulation, even printing the history of the Garvey movement. in his paper the addresses of some of the The question comes (1) Is it an honest, delegates who hailed him as "His Majesty". sincere movement? (2) Are its industrial He dons on state occasion, a costume con­ and commercial projects business like and sisting of an academic cap and gown effective? (3) Are its general objects flounced in red and green! plausible and capable of being carried out? Of Garvey's curious credulity and sus­ The central and dynamic force of the picions one example will suffice: In March,­ movement is Garvey. He has with singular 1919, he held a large mass meeting at Pal­ success capitalized and made vocal the great ace Casino which was presided ever by and long suffering grievances and spirit of Chandler Owen and addressed by himself protest among the West Indian peasantry. ?nd Phillip Randolph. Here he collected Hitherto the black peasantry of the West $204 in contributions on the plea that while Indies has been almost leaderless. Its na­ in France, W. E. B. DuBois had interfered tural leaders, both mulatto and black, have with the work of his "High Commissioner" crossed the color line and practically ob­ by "defeating" his articles in the French literated social distinction, and to some ex­ press and "repudiating" his statements as tent economic distinction, between them and' to lynching and injustice in America! The the white English world on the Islands. This truth was that Mr. DuBois never saw or has left a peasantry with only the rudi­ heard of his "High Commissioner", never ments of education and with almost no denied his nor anyone's statements of the economic chances, grovelling at the bottom. wretched American conditions, did every­ Their distress and needs gave Garvey his thing possible to arouse rather than quiet vision. the French press and would have been de­ It is a little difficult to characterize the lighted to welcome and co-operate with any man Garvey. He has been charged with colored fellow-worker. dishonesty and graft, but he seems to me essentially an honest and sincere man with 1 Of the 15 names of his fellow officers in 1914 not a single one appears in 1918; of the 18 names of officers a tremendous vision, great dynamic force, published in 1918 only 6 survive in 1919; among the small list of principal officers published in 1920 I do stubborn determination and unselfish desire not find a single name mentioned in 1919. to serve; but also he has very serious de­ (To be concluded in January) THE HOUSING CRISIS IN NEW YORK CITY

mm VICTOR R. DALY

MUC H has been said of late concerning in the most congested parts of Harlem the the acute shortage of dwelling houses rentals average $9.50 per room. in New York City. A great deal of time The population of Harlem has increased and space has been devoted to elaborating approximately from 55,000 in 1913 to on the resultant suffering and privation 150,000 today. During this time the actual that always follow in the wake of a shortage housing facilities, although they have ex­ of any commodity. The Metropolitan press, tended greatly, have by no means kept welfare organizations, housing commissions, pace with the tremendous growth of the reconstruction committees and scores of population, especially during the period fol­ like agencies, however, have been so taken lowing the war. So great is the congestion up with the problems of white people that that 5,000 new-law apartment houses could very little time has been found to devote be utilized tomorrow if they were available. to housing relief among Negroes. As is A few specific cases will serve to show usually the case, then, unless the Negro to what extent consideration of health and himself takes the initiative and attempts to sanitation has been discarded in the mad work out his own salvation by bringing his search after shelter. In one instance we case to the direct attention of those who are found a family of five, including three chil­ in position to help him, he will find himself dren, 5, 3 and 2 years old, occupying one suffering from housing troubles long after room of a five-room flat in which there the ills of others have been cured. were altogether 16 people living. On an In a recent survey of the housing condi­ average, there are 14 families living in tions in the Negro section of Harlem, the every 8 family apartment house, and 17 New York Urban League has dis­ closed some facts that have pro­ NEGRO POPULATION (AUG-^1913) . voked a great deal of attention to 58 NEGRO POPULATION INCREASE..(AUG.I9I3 -to the question of Negro housing in • 1 AUG ipao) the city. This survey shows that XSd MIXED POPULATION C ± WHITE POPULATION a housing situation exists in upper - 3 VACANT LOTS Harlem which is a menace not only E^l FACTORIES gncf WAREHOUSES. to the lives and health of the peo­ ple who reside in that particular section, but to the entire city of New York. The harder this fact can be driven home to the "powers that be," the quicker will be the relief extended to this community. The simple fact that the Negro cannot live anywhere that he may desire, by virtue of the policy of segregation, places his housing problem in a class by itself. As a result of segregation, there is an artificial restriction of the already too limited supply of dwelling houses. This accounts for the fact that Negroes are paying compara­ — r-»oc[HtfsLQKOl tively higher rents than other ra­ • 0EE0 LHtyH] cial groups in New York City. The present average monthly rent­ als for the most modern apart­ •ED DEO DED ments is about $12.50 per room. ]'D=D 033 LED DISTRIBUTION oP NEGRO POPULATION o/> Even in the oldest cold-water flats HARLEM

6l 62 THE CRISIS families occupying 10 family houses. In When houses can be secured for the white one extreme case we found 33 families oc­ families now Jiving on the outskirts of the cupying a 16 family house. colored section, these families will move With conditions like these it is no wonder away. The landlord, confronted with the that such trivial questions as health, sani­ problem of keeping his apartments occu­ tation and morals have long since been pied, will be glad to welcome colored tenancy. thrown to the winds. We found that the Within the past 18 months Negroes have infant mortality among Negro babies is been investing heavily in real property in three times that of any other sec­ Harlem. Scores of apartment houses occu­ tion of the city. As we expected, the pied by white families have been purchased spread of contagious diseases has steadily by colored investors who have been replac­ increased; 16 per cent of Negro deaths in ing the white tenants by colored people. 1914 were from tuberculosis, while in 1919 The courts have generally assisted these tuberculosis accounted for 22 per cent of new landlords. Of recent months such pro­ Negro deaths. Every week 13 Negroes die cedure has been absolutely the only relief in New York City of tuberculosis. to the overcrowded colored section. Now It is claimed that the solution of the gen­ even this is stopped. The recent anti-land­ eral housing problem in New York City lies lord legislation just passed by the Legisla­ in the building of new houses. "Stimulate ture of the State will react, unconsciously, building!" is the cry of the hour. As far to the detriment of the colored people. At as Harlem is concerned this program of­ present everybody is rejoicing over the fact fers small chance of direct relief unless that the new law makes it impossible for municipal housing is adopted. Present day the landlord to dispossess a tenant except costs of building and construction, coupled for one of the three following reasons: with the scarcity of credit and mortgages, (1) actual non-payment of rent, (2) per­ prevent Negroes themselves from erecting sonal use of the premises for the landlord, dwelling houses for their own use. Unfor­ (3) demolition of the building. Under tunately, white investors have become im­ these restrictions, how could a colored in­ bued with the erroneous idea that apart­ vestor be able to get white families out of ment house construction for Negroes is an a house that he desires to use for colored unprofitable business. Consequently the tenants? hope of relief by the method of new building Only by the personal volition of the white by private capital is out of the question. tenants themselves. . This is not likely. For a generation Negroes have been living Consequently there is scant hope for any on the left-over housing of white tenants immediate relief of the housing congestion who have moved into other districts. If in Harlem. The intent of the law was any immediate help is to come to Harlem good, doubtless, but for the Negro, it closed it will have to be in this same manner. the only open door of relief.

THREE BOOKS

The Negro Faces America. By Herbert problem in the United States. There are J. Seligmann. Harper and Brothers, New a thousand problems with which race is York. more or less connected, frequently deliber­ Rachel. By Angelina W. Grimke. The ately connected for an ulterior motive, in Cornhill Company, Boston. the absence of organic connection between race distinctions and the subject at issue." Children of the Mist. By George Madden Martin. D. Appleton and Company, New With this statement as his thesis Mr. York. Seligmann proceeds to point the connection between economic considerations and race relations which has prevailed in this coun­ A FIRST step in an attempt upon the try ever since the Civil War. Just before *• hates, distrusts and preconceptions the Chicago race riot, for instance, a clash clustered about race is to separate and ex­ arose between the interests of two real amine them. There is, in fact, no race KUINS OF CHRISTOPHE'S PALACE, SANS SOUCI, HAITI 64 THE CRISIS estate factions rather than between the from one depth of sad dreariness to another. two races. In the actual riot, the causes As a bit of writing, Miss Grimke has as lay (1) in the entrance of migrating south­ usual turned cut a fine piece of work; as ern Negroes into white residential districts; a bit of propaganda it leaves something to (2) in hostility between union whites and be desired. Undoubtedly a better effect non-union Negroes in the stockyards; (3) would be gained by having the humiliation in political enmity engendered by the fact of the colored children acted rather than that a certain city administration won its related. One lesson the play certainly election through the Negro vote. A care­ teaches: Rachel, her mother and Tom have ful survey of conditions in other cities all let their troubles make them morbid, where riots occurred shows the same type whereas John Strong is quite normal. Shall of causes. we not learn to look on color "as a state of Mr. Seligmann points out that liberty and mind" as Miss Ovington's Hertha puts it, life have to be fought for almost daily by —something mutable and transitory? every Negro,—"the patience and determina­ tion and courage which go into the struggle FIGHT stories written simply and sympa­ are values that no nation can afford to thetically by George Madden Martin spurn." Miss Sarah N. Cleghorn has said give a new concept of the Children of the something like this last, but Mr. Seligmann Mist who live in Mississippi, Louisiana, is alone, I believe, in defining the white Florida, the rice fields of the Carolinas and Southerner's penchant for colored woman. the backwoods of Kentucky. These are He works it out on a Freudian basis which people emerging from the fogs of slavery assumes "that the choice of the mate is and gazing through a glass darkly on a influenced by the characters impressed upo.i freedom promised, but as "yet denied". Mrs. the infant male as belonging to his mother." Martin has let the characters in the main Many Southerners receive their first impres­ speak for themselves so the reader must be sions from their colored nurses. The in­ touched and thrilled and saddened according ference is obvious. We find here too an to his own dictates. "The Sleeping Sick­ idea since carried out by Professor R. T. ness" is the best story of the group, though Kerlin—"A white American desirous of a almost all are good. But in this one Mrs. critical insight into the society in which he Martin aside from using a plot unique and flatters himself he lives could not do better yet inevitable, lets fall one or two gems than read carefully a number of race-con­ "It ain't de law foh my boy I'm afraid uv, scious newspapers published for and by Ne­ Mr. Tom," Angey explained to the white groes of the United States." man. "En' it ain't de thought uv de law There are many valuable suggestions for whut is mekin' de boy look ez yo' kin see intensive study on the part of the white he duz. It's de fear uv de lack uv de laiv student of race issues. Thus the author wi' both uv us." And later Angey, splendid finds what all Negroes know, that the South soul, says to the white woman whose son was the real victor in the Civil War, that she might have saved, "Lemme learn yo' the vote became a class distinction only some'n', Miss Janie. Wu'k foh de good­ when the Negro became a candidate for it, will uv de colored folks in case de time that no real scientific data can be deduced come w'en yo' gwine ter need it; it ain't no from the measurement of the intelligence of harder wu'k dan wu'kin' for dere ill-will." Negro and white school children until ra­ cial characters can be isolated from the Mrs. Martin shows an almost uncanny effect of social environment and that col­ realization of the distrust and its ramifi­ ored Americans have at last learned the cations which colored people are inevitably necessity for organization and self-defense. bound to have of their white neighbors. Thus Altogether The Negro Faces America is a the inimitable Angey makes no" complaint of book showing thought and research and having vainly trusted her grandson to the calling for still more thought and research. sheriff. But she remarks: "When yo' gits yo' hand in a lion's mouth, pat him en rub RACHEL is a play as terrible, as search­ him till yo' git it out, but don't yo' put it ing and as strong as anything produced in any mo. . . . Puttin' it anudder way, I by the continental European dramatists,— might say thet a mouse ought to be a fus'­ including the Scandinavian. Indeed one must rate han' to keep away f'om cat-tracks." think of Ibsen, for the action progresses J. F. National • Ass ociaiion - for • (he • • ­ Advancement o/^ Colored-People.

FUNDS NEEDED TO FIGHT ARKANSAS Similar action was taken in the remain CASES ing six cases upon the men being re-sen­ AL L readers of TH E CRISIS and members tenced to death. On October 11 the Su­ of the Association know of the long, preme Court of the United States refused a difficult and as yet undecided fight that the motion to carry the cases directly from the Association is making to save the lives of Arkansas State Supreme Court to the 12 Negroes sentenced to death in Arkansas United States Supreme Court, an effort and the freedom of 67 men sentenced to Ions made by Colonel Murphy to carry the cases prison terms for the alleged "massacre" immediately to the highest tribunal of the in Phillips County, Ark., in October, 1919. country. This decision was rendered on the As announced in the November issue of same day that Colonel Murphy died. The the Branch Bulletin, Colonel George W. cases will now have to be fought in the Murphy, who has been serving as chief Federal Courts in Arkansas and if the counsel of the Association in the defense of Association should meet defeat there the, 79 men and who was most vigilant and de­ cases will then go to the Court of Appeals termined in his efforts to save the lives of of the Federal Courts. If there an un­ these men, died on October 11. The cases favorable verdict is rendered then the cases of the 12 men sentenced to death, were first will go to the United States Supreme Court. appealed to the Phillips County Circuit Immediately following the trouble in Court, where motions for new trials were Arkansas, the Association had little difficulty denied. They were then appealed to the in raising funds. To date it has expended Supreme Court of the State of Arkansas over $6,000 in the defense. It is obligated where the verdict of the Phillips County at present to pay within a few weeks an Circuit Court in six of the cases was re­ additional $5,000. That sum must be raised versed and the cases remanded for new trial within a short time if the lives of the men and in the six remaining cases the verdict in Arkansas are to be saved. The Associa­ of death was affirmed. The first six cases tion is therefore making an appeal to every on being re-tried, were re-sentenced to death person who wishes to see justice done in the by the Phillips County Court. In the mean­ cases of these men to contribute immedi­ time in the latter six cases a motion was ately in as large measure as possible to the filed in the Federal Court of the Eastern Defense Fund. It makes this appeal to all District of Arkansas for trial there on a persons whether they contributed to the writ of certiorari. original fund or not. Action must be taken

HAITIAN ARTICLES IN PAMPHLET FORM

The four article.? by James Weldon Johnson which appeared in The Nation, to­ •* gether with official documents secured by Mr. Johnson in Haiti last spring, and which have caused so great an upheaval in the United States during the past three months, have been combined and published in pamphlet form. The price is twenty-five cents a copy, which can be obtained by writing to the National Office* There is only a limited supply on hand. Persons desiring copies should write atl once for them. The investigation and the report thereon form one of the most damning indictments of imperialism ever published and should be included in the library of every person who wishes to read and keep a record of what has been done in the Negro republic of Haiti by the United States government and the National City Bank of New York.

65 66 THE CRISIS

immediately as the Association is dependent not guilty of the crime charged and, second, upon its friends and supporters to aid it in that if Hill was returned to Arkansas his this critical period. The men are guilty of life would not be safe. He thereupon re­ no crime save that of protesting in a legal fused extradition. and legitimate fashion against vicious eco­ The State of Arkansas then attempted to nomic exploitation. The fight must be made secure Hill's extradition through the State to prevent their being legally lynched. Courts of Kansas. Upon this proving un­ availing they attempted to use the Federal VICTORY IN ROBERT L. HILL CASE Courts. The first charge against Hill was ROBERT L. HILL, the alleged leader of that he had "impersonated a Federal of­ -*-*-the "massacre" in Phillips County, Ark., ficer." Finding that they would not be able in 1919, has been entirely absolved of all to substantiate such a charge, the Arkansas blame by the Attorney-General of the authorities shifted ground to a new charge United States and both Federal charges of "conspiring with one V. E. Powell to im­ against him dismissed. Thus victoriously personate a Federal officer." Judge Pollock ends one of the most dramatic legal battles of the Federal Court of Kansas set April in the United States since pre-Civil War 8 for a hearing on the Federal indictment. days, when fugitive slaves sought asylum In the meantime, Walter F. White, of tha in northern states from oppressions in the National Office, was sent to Washington, South. The Federal Government has gone where he held a conference with Assistant on record as recognizing that a Negro ac­ Attorney-General William C. Herron and cused of a crime against a white man in a presented evidence to show, first, that the southern state cannot receive a fair and State of Arkansas was attempting to use unbiased trial. the Federal Courts solely to get Hill back A brief history of the rapidly developing within the jurisdiction of the State Courts chain of events in this case will be of in­ and, second, that since Mr. U. S. Bratton, a terest. On January 22 Mr. Hill was ar­ white attorney of Little Rock, who had rested in Topeka, Kansas, and Governor prosecuted a number of white planters for Brough asked for his extradition. The N. A. robbing Negro share croppers, had beJanuary 27 the hearing on the ex­ extradition papers and Judge Pollock re­ tradition proceedings was held before Gov­ leased Hill under a $2,000 bond for a hear­ ernor Allen. In spite of the protest of At­ ing at the October term of Court at Leaven­ torney-General Arbuckle, a continuance was worth, Kansas. granted to permit the securing of sworn On October 2 Mr. White was again sent testimony showing that Hill was not tt,e to Washington for a conference with the leader of the insurrection. Department of Justice. The Department Finally, on March 23, after several hear­ had given the United States Attorney at ings and the presentation of much evidence, Little Rock the opportunity of saving his Governor Allen decided, first, that Hill was face by allowing him to voluntarily dismiss N. A. A. C. P. 67 the two charges against Hill. This he To meet our various expenses we are de­ refused to do, whereupon the Attorney-Gen­ pending upon the branches. Since the fun­ eral ordered both cases in the Federal damental purpose of the Association is the Court against Hill to be dismissed. "Advancement of Colored People," colored Thus ends one of the most dramatic legal people ought to support it to the best of fights the Association has ever undertaken their ability. Some branches are doing their and one which is undoubtedly to have a most full share, others are doing less, and still far-reaching effect. Special credit is due others are doing nothing. Simply to keep a Mr. Fisher, who, in spite of a very large branch on record costs the Association annu­ law practice and his official duties as County ally $9.30. The National Office apportioned Attorney, fought unceasingly for Mr. Hill's among the various branches, according to the release and who refused not only to accept colored population of the community, the a fee, but would not even allow the Na­ amount necessary to insure the carrying out tional Office to reimburse him for personal of Jhe program for 1920. This was pub­ expenditures made in connection with the lished in THE CRISIS for August. We are case. quite confident that these amounts were not Much credit is also due Messrs. James H. impossible sums if the officers and the exec­ Guy, Elisha Scott and A. M. Thomas, col­ utive committees took their work and the re­ ored attorneys of Topeka, who loyally sup­ sponsibility connected with it* seriously. It ported and aided Mr. Fisher. may be that some of them are much too busy to give adequate time to the Association. DELINQUENT BRANCHES If so, it is only fair to the branches that JIM-CROWISM, disfranchisement, segre­ they yield their places to others. gation and lynching are still with us. The National Office does not want to drop We must continue the fight against the color any branches but it does not feel that it can line. We need the moral support of every carry for another year those branches which colored citizen, but we cannot pay the law­ are doing no active work and giving no finan­ yers' bills or the expense of a Haitian in­ cial support. vestigation with moral support. It takes Below is a list of those branches from money as well as enthusiasm to do anything whom no word has been received since Jan­ worth while. uary 1, 1920. This list is published in order

COLORED REFT/GEES AFTER A SOUTHERN FIRE 68 THE CRISIS to give the officers and members of these NOMINATING COMMITTEE branches an opportunity to revive them and THE Nominating Committee for members to prevent the revocation of their charters. of the Board of Directors of the Na­ Charters of delinquent branches will be re­ tional Association for the Advancement of voked at the January meeting of the Board Colored People reports these nominees for of Directors unless some report is received terms expiring December 31, 1923: from them prior to that date. If the officers Dr. J. Max Barber, Philadelphia. of these branches will take no action, we are Prof. George W. Cook, Washington, D. C. inviting the members to write to the Nation­ Mr. Harry E. Davis, Cleveland. al Office if they wish to keep their branch Mr. A. H. Grimke, Washington, D. C. alive. Rev. John Haynes Holmes, New York. Dr. V. Morton Jones, New York. ALABAMA NORTH CAROLINA Mr. John E. Milholland, New York. Klocton Fayetteville Ensley Lexington Mr. J. E. Spingarn, New York. ARIZONA Raleigh Bisbee Wilmington Mr. Moorfield Storey, Boston. Tucson WinstonSalem Mr. William English Walling, New York. ARKANSAS OHIO Edmondscm Miami County The Nominating Committee: Jonesboro Zaneaville HARRY H . PACE, Chairman. Pine Bluff OKLAHOMA CONNECTICUT McAlester ROBERT R. CHURCH, Stamford Muskogee FLORIDA OREGON CHARLES H. STUDIN. Palatka Portland St. Augustine PENNSYLVANIA THE NEW SECRETARY Tampa Carlisle GEORGIA Ilarrisburg A T the December meeting of the Board of Albany West Chester Directors, James Weldon Johnson, Act­ Columbus York Dublin SOUTH CAROLINA ing Secretary of the N. A. A. C. P., was Hawkinsvillc Beaufort elected Secretary. Macon TEXAS Savannah Austin Mr. Johnson was born in Jacksonville, Thomasville Bailey ville Valdosta Ben Jiley Fla., in 1871. He was educated at Atlanta Waycross Fort Worth and Columbia Universities, and has acted as IDAHO Gonzales Boise Greenville United States Consul in Venezuela and ILLINOIS Hearne Nicaragua. He joined the National Asso­ Evan st on High ban* Joliet Leggett ciation as Field Secretary in 1917. He is a Madison Marlin well-known author and poet. Maywood Marshall Quincy Mum ford INDIANA Oran ge South Bend Palestine KENTUCKY Seguin Earlington Silsbee Owensboro Temple Paducah Waco MICHIGAN Waelder Bay City Whartort Saginaw VIRGINIA Charlottesville MISSOURI Louisa County Springfield WEST VIRGINIA NEW JERSEY Blucfield Paterson Morgantovvn NEW MEXICO CANADA Albuquerque Windsor

ANNUAL MEETING r THE Annual Meeting of the National As­ sociation for the Advancement of Col­ ored People will be held in the East Room of the Sage Foundation, 130 East Twenty- second Street, New York City, on the after­ noon of Monday, January 3, at two o'clock. There will be reports from officers and branches and the nominations for Directors will be voted upon. JAMES WELDON JOHNSON The Looking Glass

LITERATURE man of Africa, for he has at least proved himself a man. We in England owe our THE time draws near the birth of Christ; Negro brother-subject a great debt of grati­ The moon is hid, the night is still • tude for all he has done for our beloved Em­ A single church below the hill pire. Many a native of Nigeria has trekked Is pealing, folded in the mist. x his last trek and fought his lasc fight far away from his own land for the sake of that Ring out false pride in place and blood, Empire which has given him freedom, justice The civic slander and the spite; and all that makes life worth living. Rus­ Ring in the love of truth and right, kin once said that war was an injustice of Ring in the common love of good. the ignoblest kind at once to God and Man, Tennyson: In Memoriam. which must be stemmed for the sake of them * * * both. This story has been written for the express purpose of letting the outside world John H. Harris writes us concerning his know how nobly the West African soldier forthcoming book, Africa—Slave or Free? has helped to stem this tide of injustice to This is now about to be published in the civilization." United States by Messrs. Dutton. I pre­ The narrative abounds in acts of heroism pared this little book with the single object performed by Nigerian soldiers, in remain­ of giving a bird's-eye view of Africa and the ing with wounded officers under heavy fire African today — economically, politically, or shielding them with their own bodies. Of ethically, religiously. The book" has been Sergeant-Major Belo Akure, the hero of a warmly received here [London-], and is being dozen fights, Captain Downes says: widely adopted by students and organiza­ "I can honestly state I have never seen a tions, as a text-book, and I can safely say braver man. His one idea is that his officers that no one can peruse this book without must on no account run into unnecessary having at their fingers' ends the A B C of danger; on no account will he let an officer the African situation. I know there is no go in front of him on a road. Any cover such book on the market anywhere. that is handy must be reserved to conceal * * * the officers, even if he himself must lie down The New York CaU says: in the open. I have seen him deliberately Darkwater, W. E. B. DuBois' intense get in front of a European so that if any and moving study of the position of the one should be hit it would be himself." darker races in the modern world, is soon to * * * appear in a French translation. The pub­ Important periodical literature on the Ne­ lishers, Harcourt, Brace & Howe, announce that a third printing of the book has been gro during the current year: found necessary here. America's Ireland—Haiti, Santo Domingo. * * * Nation, February 21, '20. Negro Problem in South Africa. Nation, An Englishman, Captain W. D. Downes, March 13, '20. M. C, has written With the Nigerians in Prince of Abyssinia Makes History. W. German East Africa. (Methuen, London.) A. Anderson. Travel, March, '20. Problem of Egypt. Review of Reviews, The Spectator says: April* '20. Captain Downes writes throughout as one Politics vs. Progress in South Africa. C. who felt it an honor to go through this cam­ Dawborn. Living Age, June 19, '20. paign with the W. A. F. F., as one "who Our Debt to Negro Sculpture. Literary suffered and laughed, fought and trekked, Digest, July 17, '20. worked and rested, starved and fed with Are We Going to Act Justly in Africa? this gallant band of black volunteers from S. Olivier. Contemporary Review, August, Nigeria, for it must be remembered that '20. every Nigerian soldier that went to German Self-Determining Haiti. James Weldon East Africa volunteered his services for Johnson. Nation, August 28, '20. that campaign. I am sure that if those pio­ neers of Nigeria, Glover and Freeman, could have seen the regiment, of which they were THREE INDIANS the founders, at Mahiwa, they would have MUNSEY'S MAGAZINE speaks of three seen something of which they would have Indians, particularly of Bal Gangadar been justly proud. ... I hope that when my readers have read this account, Tilak: poorly told as it is by an amateur writer, Probably no two men have been more in­ they will in future respect the fighting black fluential in modern India than G. K. Gokhale

69 70 THE CRISIS and B. G. Tilak. In spirit and method these sponding to tetanus in human beings. When two Indian leaders represent opposite types he went on to assert that plants could give —the one a distinguished statesman and or­ response to electric impulse, members of the ator, the other having neither eloquence nor society declared that electric response as de­ instinct for public affairs, but wielding great scribed in the paper was absolutely impossi­ influence through his two newspapers pub­ ble. Bose took up the challenge, and within lished at Poona, the Mahratta, in English, a year had proved his point to the satisfac­ and the Kesari, in Mahrati. Tilak's stormy tion of the Royal Society itself. career has just come to an end, to the great Bose's great success in this line of re­ grief of nationalist India. He had extra­ search is the result of his marvelous skill ordinary personal gifts and the power of in the construction of micro-apparatus for inspiring fanatical devotion, and for forty detecting the smallest movements in plants. years he has been at the head of the nation­ Several years ago he perfected a mechanism alist movement. In India his name is one that magnified one hundred thousand times, with which to work magic or terror. He enabling him to record growth at the rata was either adored or passionately opposed. of a hundred-thousandth part of an inch per Bal Gangadar Tilak was sixty-five years second. "Man is never satisfied," said Bose, of age when he died. He was a Mahratta and now he has succeeded in constructing by race, a Brahman by caste, a lawyer by an apparatus that magnifies a million times. profession, and a journalist by choice. When To realize what this means, the professor yet a young man, he was prosecuted by the points out that if the snail's pace could be government for defaming a native ruler, the so magnified, it would race forty times Diwan of Kolhapur, whom he accused of around the earth in twenty-four hours. In cruelty. He served his sentence of a hun­ this apparatus the slightest movement up­ dred days in prison, and came out resolved sets a very delicately balanced magnetic sys­ to free his country from bureaucracy. The tem, with a mirror deflecting a ray of light nationalist movement that he started in the to the extremity of an arc of any desired early eighties at Poona was the foundation magnitude. of the Young India party, which swept the whole peninsula. Year after year found him EDUCATION IN SOUTH in difficulties with the government. Finally, in 1907, the extremists, of whom he was Lhe CAROLINA leader, broke up the National Congress at IN Greenville, S. C., one Dave Traxler Surat, bombs were hurled in Bombay, and urges the citizens not to refuse Federal Tilak was again arrested. educational aid (as provided for under the His long-drawn out trial before a Parsee Smith-Hughes law) in the fear that Uncle judge and jury was a sensation. Tilak con­ ducted his own defense, and his address to Sam will insist on the attendance of white the court lasted six days. He was convicted and black at the same schools, or the em­ and sentenced to six years' imprisonment in ployment of Negro teachers, for white pu­ the fortress at Mandalay, from which he pils. He has proof positive not only that was released only a few weeks before the outbreak of the great war. Visitors to Lon­ such will not be the case, but that colored don last year, during the debates on the bill citizens will not even secure their share of which has made radical changes in the gov­ such an appropriation. Take, for instance, ernment of India, might have seen him, a conspicuous figure wearing the magenta this interesting letter appearing in the turban of his race, at every session of the Greenville Piedmont: House of Commons and in the committee- LAURENS, S. C. room of the House of Lords, where he ap­ Hon. D. B. Traxler, Greenville, S. C.: peared as a delegate of the National Con­ gress of India. Dear Sir— I shall gladly give you the facts referred Sanskrit students who knew Bal Gangadar to in your inquiry some days ago. I shall Tilak hold that; if his life had not been devoted to politics, he would have been in itemize these facts separately: the front rank of orientalists. He is the Total expenditures for white author of a curious, widely discussed book, school $143,482.70 "The Arctic Home of the Vedas," written Total expenditures for Negro during his prison terms, and designed to school 14,057.00 prove by astronomical and other evidence Total number white teachers . . 171 that the great Aryan migration began from Total number Negro teachers.. 80 a region within the Arctic circle. Total number of white schools. 71 Total number of Negro schools. 74 The third Indian is a physiologist: Total white enrollment 5,907 An Indian scientist, Professor Jagadis C. Total Negro enrollment 6,180 Bose, is one of the most talked-of physiolo­ The teaching of Vocational Agriculture gists of Europe. Nearly twenty years ago under the Smith-Hughes Law has been satis­ he read a paper in London, before the Royal factory at Gray Court and at Laurens in Society, showing that tin could be tired and this county. iron could suffer from an affection corre­ Under this law the Federal Government THE LOOKING GLASS 71

pays one-half of the salary; the State one- Eight years later (a period to which the fourth and the local community the other. folk-songs often refer), Napoleon's soldiers In the plan here at Laurens the communi­ threatened the West Indies. A large number ties of Prospect, Copeland, Trinity Ridge of whites and mulatto refugees with their and Laurens received the full time of a slaves had escaped in the St. Domingan in­ teacher and a community worker for the surrection and fled to Cuba. They were now sum of $440.00. The same was the case at by the war between France and Spain, again Gray Court-Owings where the service of a forced to become exiles, and within three full-time teacher was received for one-fourth summer months of 1809, over five thousand of his salary, the national government and persons, white, free mulattoes, and black state government paying the other three- slaves, came to New Orleans from Cuba. fourths. They continued to emigrate from Cuba, Very truly, Guadeloupe and other French West Indies, R. T. WILSON. until about ten thousand persons, two thou­ Superintendent of Education, Laurens Coun­ sand of whom were free people of color, took refuge in New Orleans. ty, South Carolina. * * * Another letter reads: By 1788 the Louisiana province contained 1,701 free men and 21,465 slaves amidst the GREENVILLE, S. C, August 16, 1920. French and Spanish settlers. The Carmelite Mr. D. B. Traxler, Greenville, S. C: Convent played its part in these early days, My Dear Sir— as an educational centre. Here attended Under the terms of the Smith-Hughes act, both white and free colored children; many passed by Congress in 1917, there has been of the latter class had wealthy parents who spent in Greenville county during the last paid a high price for their tuition. Chil­ school year, ending July 1, 1920, the sum of dren of the wealthy were sent to Paris to $3,265.00, which amount was appropriated complete their education. In fact, says an by the Federal government for the teaching old Creole neighbor and friend of my grand­ of agriculture and other subjects in the sev­ mother, Mons. Victor, who came to New Or­ eral schools so aided. None of the money leans from Martinique in 1847, "Many of the so contributed was used for the teaching of women and children did not know whether Negroes or was used to hire Negro teach­ they were Creoles or white, nor could the ers, and the spending of the funds so appro­ whites themselves tell who was white and priated was left absolutely in the hands of who was Creole, so generally was the popu­ the State authorities. lation mixed, while the city was largely French in manners and life." With kind regards and good wishes, I am, Yours very truly, The town of St. Martinsville on the Bayou Teche, was nicknamed "Le petit Paris," and M. C. BARTON, here it was that King Louis Phillipe (when Superintendent of Education, County of Duke of Orleans) was entertained. Greenville, S. C. "The streets, banquetts, we should say, were bright with color, the nights filled with CREOLES song and laughter. Through the scene the MAUD CUNEY HARE writes in the people of color add the spice of color in the life; they add the zest of romance." With ; * Musical Observer: the French spirit greatly predominating, The history of the Creole folk-song of from this mingling of races sprang the Cre­ America is interwoven with the history of ole, and in this environment, the Creole song. the southwest section of the country and Who are the Creoles? The word itself is particularly that of the State of Louisiana. used in Europe as well as in the French In August, 1779, in the war of American West Indies and in the South-West section Independence, a little army of 1,430 men of this country. "Creole" as used to denote composed of Creoles, two companies of which race is a term that is continually being mis­ were free men of color, and 160 Indians, understood and warmly argued. The word marched under Galvez to defend themselves "Creole" is from the Spanish "Criollo" and against the British. For 16 years Louis­ the French verb "creer" to create—a created iana, which had been founded by French race. immigrants under Iberville, had been a Spanish possession—a gift of King Louis Of the Spanish Creoles, Calderon in X V to his Spanish cousin, Charles III of "Latin America" says, the three races, Ibe­ Spain. "* rian, Indian and African, united by blood, from the population of Spanish America, while Arthur R. Gray in "The New World" In 1791, Negroes of Santo Domingo rose says, the European established in America in rebellion and a few refugees found their becomes a Creole; his is a new race, the way to Louisiana. Skilled in sugar-making, final product of secular unions. If all the they revived this prosperous industry which races of the new world were finally to unite, had long remained dormant, although sugar­ the Creole would be the real American. cane had been introduced 40 years previous by the Jesuits of St. Domingo. (Continued on page 74) joseph and mary come to bethlehem

AT last we've reached the town where in a bygone year Prince David saw the light,—that king without a peer. "Take courage, Mary mine; beside yon climbing spire Nestles a little inn, 'tis there we shall retire." The watchman in the tower Cries, "Seven is now the hour." "Ah! sir, within your house may we not shelter find— Some little quiet nook? For heaven's sake be kind!" "Your plea is all in vain; you two must further fare; My house is filled with folk; seek lodgings otherwhere." The watchman in the tower Calls, "Seven is still the hour." "We'll seek another place; see that house opposite, All bright with light and cheer,—'tis there we'll sup and sit." I "Joseph, your arm! Dear God! I find myself so weak . I cannot travel more, or other -lodgings seek." The watchman in the tower Warns, "Eight is now the hour." "Ho! Host of the Three Crowns, tell me, you must have room Some little hole for two. We'll not mind dust or gloom!" "I take but noble folk who pay a handsome meed. Begone you beggars! Go! I hate your lowly breed!" "Ah! sir, upon my knees, for great Jehovah's sake, I pray you scorn us not; we have so much at stake!" "Away, poor carpenter, some other shelter find, My house was never meant for people of your kind!" The watchman in the tower Sighs, "Nine is now the hour." "Ah! Madame auburn-haired, for God's sake give to me Some shelter, some retreat within your hostelry!" "Why I've no bed myself; tonight all comfortless Upon a bed of straw, I'll shiver in distress!" "Oh, Madame!" Mary begs in tears and on her knees, "You realize my plight: compassion, if you please!"

72 translated by jessie Fauset

"Yes, Mother-soon-to-be, your plight is very clear; Your time is imminent—it must not happen here." The watchman in the tower Moans, "Ten is now the hour." "At least until I find some shelter, some retreat, You'll let her linger here, upon that vacant seat?" "Of course she may, poor child. 'Tis plain she needs to rest. Quick, try the White Horse Inn or else the Magpie's Nest." "You chattering, foolish wife!" a shrill voice cries in scorn, "You'll linger at the door till night turns into morn?" "Hush, that's my husband! Go! We'll have to separate! Farewell, farewell, good folk; God's mercy be your fate!" One wails within the tower— "Eleven is the hour now." Poor Joseph in despair and utterly unable To find a lodging fit, espies a little stable. Within this lowly home, as prophesied Isaiah, The little Christ is born, the Lord, the world's Messiah. The watchman in the tower Chants, "Midnight is the hour." Noel! Noel! Noel! Chimes out each happy bell. Bring frankincense and myrrh! Play pipe and dulcimer! Ring bells with silvery voice! The Christ is born, rejoice! The Christ, so long foretold By prophets new and old, The Christ for whom we've yearned, To us at last hath turned. Play pipe! Play dulcimer! All things that ever were The happy chorus swell,— —An old French Chanson rendered

Noel! Noel! Noel! by Yvette Guilbert.

73 74 THE CRISIS

AFRICANS, ASIATICS AND oppressing the colored races, backed by the power and influence of cvilization. Japan ANGLO-SAXONS was the only country strongly opposing THE Anti-Slavery and Aborigines Pro­ white oppression, M. Osako asserted, and tection Society presents the case of the therefore had incurred the hatred of the Americans. expropriation of the Mashona and Matabele In his address to the Provincial Governors territory in Africa: yesterday, Premier Hara said the situation The cardinal fact of the land situation was of the world never was more- strained than that the ownership of the entire lands of at present. Hitherto, he declared, Japan's Southern Rhodesia was declared by the problems had been confined to the Orient, Chartered Company to be vested in them as but international competition had arisen, re­ a commercial asset, that is to say, that the sulting in a marked increase in Japan's re­ lands practically belonged not to the native sponsibility to the world and the expansion inhabitants but to private persons in this of her national expenditure. country who happened to be shareholders in the company. This contention carried with BLACK JEWS it the logical sequence that the natives of DR. JACQUES FAITLOVITCH, of Ge­ these territories had (and have) lost all ownership rights to their lands—that no neva, tells of the existence of black single Mashona or Matabele owned or owns, Jews in Abyssinia. He writes in the Amer­ either by tribal or individual right, the ican Jewish Year Book: ground on which his hut is erected, the In Abyssinia, in the vast empire of the gardens he tills, or what every student of Negus, exist Jews called "Falashas." Their Africa knows, or should know, is dearer skin of a light black color and the regular and more sacred to him even than to the and finely cut features which characterize European, the burial grounds of his family. them speak of a non-African race. Their It cannot be too clearly understood that the name "Falasha," a surname given to them expropriation of the land ownership rights by the natives, signifying exiled immigrants, of the 800,000 natives of Southern Rhodesia proves that they are strangers who came is absolute in degree, and applies to every from abroad to establish themselves in Ethi­ native from the family of Lobengula to opia. They called themselves Beta Israel every private individual in the territory— ("The House of Israel"), and with great not a vestige of native ownership remains. pride state that they are the offspring of the * * * stock of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. Cer­ Here is the much vaunted British justice: tainly no historical documents exist in writ­ The total costs incidental to the native ing, but theirl oral traditions, faithfully case have been about £7,000, which sum the transmitted from father to son, sustain Anti-Slavery and Aborigines Protection So­ their claim as Jews. They maintain ciety advanced for the natives. The Chart­ even to this day, as they have maintained ered Company refuses, and the British Gov­ throughout the centuries in this remote cor­ ernment, though it can do so, will not insist ner of the Dark Continent, the assertion of upon the application of the resolution of the descent from our ancestors, and this sincere Legislative Council to the costs of the native claim, next to their religious hope, is their case. This attitude obviously implies that most cherished heirloom. When evils befall the Mashona and Matabele people are not them, it constitutes their strength and their to be deemed part of the "inhabitants and consolation. They always show themselves people" of Southern Rhodesia—except, of worthy sons of our people, and in the past course, for purposes of taxation! they have many times demonstrated that * * * they possess the characteristics of our race, the vivifying force of the existence of Israel. Japan has no notion of sitting quiet under This quality distinguishes them from their American racial distinction. An Associate compatriots, all of whom. Christians, Mus­ Press dispatch tells us: lims and Pagans, bear witness to the rela­ The Japanese Government, as a result of tionship of the Falashas to the Jewish race yesterday's meeting of the Cabinet, will, in and religion. the first place, vigorously pursue the nego­ tiations concerning American anti-Japanese Among the Falashas there exist no differ­ legislation, and, in the second place, will ences of religion nor any distinction of class. push firmly the question of racial equality All profess the same faith, practise the same in the League of Nations conferences, ac­ customs, and live on a basis of equality. cording to the Hochi Shimbun today. These The priests and the Dabteras [learned men] decisions will be considered further at to­ follow trades, and work like everybody else day's meeting of the Diplomatic Advisory to provide for their needs. Only in the Council, the newspaper says. matter of headgear are they distinguished from the others; they wear turbans of white A graduate of Columbia University, New cloth, while the other Falashas, like all York, M. Osako, who followed Representa­ Abyssinians, go bare-headed by day and by tive Kodama, attributed the anti-Japanese night, indoors as well as out of doors. sentiment in the United States to racial dif­ ferences. He declared that the whites were Their occupation, originally that of mili­ MEN OF THE MONTH 75 tary mercenary service under the different reported to the police last night that she had sovereigns, and later trade on the banks of a pocketbook containing $16.50 and some the Nile and on the littoral of the Red Sea, car tokens snatched by an unidentified Negro is mainly agriculture and manual labor. as she was crossing a lot near Blair road They are in their country almost the only and Rittenhouse road on her way home. people who are able to follow, with any skill, Miss Barnes is a telephone operator, and the trades which are practiced in Abyssinia, told the police last night that she has noticed and thanks to their skill they are on good a Negro loitering about several times. The terms with their non-Jewish compatriots. case was investigated by policemen from the Abyssinia needs the Falashas who furnish Tenth Precinct and Detectives Thompson the articles indispensable for the mainten­ and Embrey, of headquarters. ance of the country. * * * But the retraction carefully refrains from stating the truth until the very end of the PUBLICITY AS USUAL paragraph so that he who runs may not The publicity methods of the Washing­ read: ton, D. C, Post with regard to Negroes Helen M. Barnes, 17 years old, who re­ speak for themselves: ported to the police of the Tenth Precinct SNATCHES GIRL'S PURSE last Saturday night that she had been at­ tacked by a Negro and robbed of a purse Unidentified Negro Takes $16.50 From Tel­ containing $16.50, signed a statement at po­ ephone Operator lice headquarters yesterday to the effect that Helen Barnes, 17 years old, living on she had not been robbed of any money or Sligo Mill road, near Blair road northeast, attacked by a Negro. THREE POEMS

CHARLES BERTRAM JOHNSON

II SHADOWS RACE DREAMS WHEREVER turn I will or may, THE chance here to be nobler men— • * They fall across my. onward way; Filled with the conscious breath of God— But what I yield not heart to see, Whether free in the city's din, I know can never master me. Or delving wisely in the sod.

III SNOW All day the clouds *• Grow cold and fall, And soft the white fleece shrouds Field, hill and wall; And now I know Why comes the snow: The bare black places lie Too near the sky. Men of the month DR. E. M. BRAWLEY has retired from congregation presented Dr. Brawley with a the pulpit at White Rock Baptist silver loving cup. Church, Durham, N. C , after 8 years' Dr. Brawley was horn in 1851 at Charles­ service. During this period the debt on the ton, S. C. He was the first student in the church has been reduced from $20,000 to school of theology at Howard University. $7,000, all current expenses have been met In 1875 he was graduated from Bucknell and a parsonage has been purchased. The University. Dr. Brawley has organized 76 THE CRISIS

Baptist churches, Sunday schools and con­ Mr. Layton has as his collaborator Mr. ventions throughout the South and is the Henry S. Creamer. Mr. Creamer was born author of a "Commentary on Mark", a text­ in Richmond, Va., June 21, 1879, the son book on Evangelism, a number of tracts of the Rev. Henry Creamer. He attended and pamphlets, and editor of The Evangel, the public and high schools of New York a monthly pamphlet. He was president of City. For many years he was an instructor Selma University for 4 years and in 1908 and demonstrator of stage dancing, the first founded Morris College at Sumter, S. C. dramatic critic for the Amsterdam News, The well-known Benjamin G. Brawley, the and a founder of the Clef Club. Among author and historian, is his son. Mr. Creamer's works are the lyrics for "Too Much Isaacs", "Dandy Dixie Min­ strels", the late Ernest Hogan's "Oyster­ AT Trinidad, B. W. I., Emanuel Mzumbo man", S. H. Dudley's "Smart Set", Roger Lazare has been appointed as the first and Creamer's "Old Man's Boy", and the Negro member of the Legislative Council following songs: "Dear Old Moonlight". by Lord Milner, to succeed Norman La­ "Why Do You Wait for Tomorrow", "Dear­ mont. The Hon. Mr. Lazare was born at est Memories", "I've Got the Finest Man", New Town, Port of Spain, Trinidad, on De­ "Droop Dem Eyes", "Clef Club Chant", cember 24, 1864. In 1891 he married Vir­ "Twenty Years", "I'm Wild About Moon­ ginia Noelize Swoard, who recently died. shine" and "Show Me How." Mr. Lazare was the first Negro to pass the examination of the Law Society, Inc., of The complete musical score of Mr. and England; in 1888 he succeeded in having Mrs. Coburn's Broadway production, "Three the Governor, Sir William Robinson, de­ Showers", which played in New York City clare a public holiday in celebration of the at the Harris Theatre, was written by jubilee of Negro emancipation; as a Lieu­ Messrs. Layton and Creamer, who also have tenant, in 1897, he was one of the officers succeeded in having over thirty composi­ of the military contingent at the Diamond tions recorded with the Victor, Columbia Jubilee celebration of Queen Victoria. He and Emerson phonograph companies. serves on the Ground Provisions Committee and is a member of the Agricultural So­ JOSHUA HENRY JONES, JR., the son of ciety of Trinidad and Tobago, an advisory Bishop J. H. Jones of the A. M. E. member of the Trinidad Workingmen's As­ Church, was born at Orangeburg, S. C, sociation and the only Negro member of November 22, 1876. While in Central High the Board of Agriculture; sketches of his School, at Columbus, he contributed verse life with photographs have appeared in The to the Ohio Sunday State Journal and to Graphic, The Sketch, Black and White, and the high school paper, of which he was a Army and Navy, all popular English papers. founder. In his senior year he won the The Grenada says of Mr. Lazare: "He prize for the class song for which there stands up in his manhood as a full blooded were 135 contestants. He attended Ohio Negro with no apology for his existence." State and Yale Universities and was grad­ uated from Brown University in 1903. He T TURNER LAYTON was born in secured a position with the Providence •* • Washington, D. C, where he attended News as sports editor and after three years, the public schools and Howard University. was made head of the Labor Department of He is the son of the late Professor John T. the paper and later founded the Union Ad­ Layton, from whom he received most of vocate, a weekly publication devoted to his musical training. For the popular song union news. He has served as head of the field Mr. Layton has written "Sweet Ema­ sports department of the Worcester Evening lina My Gal", "Sweet and Pretty", "Every­ Post; assistant city and news editor oi the body's Crazy 'Bout the Doggone Blues", Lawrence Sun-American; city editor of the "Good-Bye Alexander", "Cute Little Wig­ Boston Daily Advertiser with a staff of glin' Dance", "After You're Gone"; he has from 25 to 30 men; and a member of the written restricted songs for such vaude­ editorial staff of the Boston Post. ville headliners as Bert Williams, Nora Mr. Jones has published through the Bayes, Eddie Leonard, Stella Mayhew, Stratford Company, Boston, a volume of Blanche Ring, Emma Carus, Al Jolson, poems, "The Heart of the World", a book Eddie Cantor, Eva Tanguay, Van and of elegant style, noble thought and deep Schenk and Belle Baker. sentiment. J. TURNER LAYTON HENRY S. CREAMER BE. E. M. BRAWLEY JOSHUA H. JONES, JE. EMANUEL M, LAZARE 77 The Horizon

COMPILED BY MADELINE G - ALLISON

MUSIC AND ART ored singers that would pack the largest ' I ""HE St. Louis Post Dispatch, a white auditorium in the city with music lovers daily, has reproduced in its rotogravure of all races and colors." section a bust of the late Mme. C. J. Wal­ C The Dudley-Murray United Theatre ker made by E. C. Gaither, a Negro sculp­ Corporation has been organized at Wash­ tor. ington, D. C , with an authorized capital C George W. Lattimore, colored proprietor of $500,000. It will erect The Douglass of the American Southern Syncopated Or­ Theatre at 1333-41 You Street, N. W., on chestra and Singers, has leased Philhar­ a lot 117 by 145 feet. monic Hall in London, England, for 2 G A collection of six Creole folk-songs ar­ years at a rental of $50,000 per year. ranged by Maud Cuney Hare is to be pub­ C Ground has been broken for the Doug­ lished by Carl Fischer, New York. Philip lass Theatre in Baltimore; it will be erected Hale says in the New Music Review: "One by the Quality Amusement Corporation at awaits eagerly the book of Creole songs a cost of $400,000. that Mrs. Maud Cuney Hare is editing. C J. W. F. Leman, Director of the Steel Mrs. Hare, by birth and early environment, Pier Orchestra at Atlantic City, N. J... has " is well qualified to edit and annotate these consented to engage for the next season songs." Edward Stello, a Negro soloist. This will G West Virginia Collegiate Institute has be the first appearance of a colored soloist presented Kemper Harreld in a violin reci­ on the Steel Pier. tal; Mrs. Clarice J. Michaels was accom­ (I The H. W. Gray Company has published panist. Mr. Paul C. Bolin's "Communion Service C Hazel Harrison, pianist, has begun her in G". This work is dedicated to St. Phil­ fall concert tour with a piano recital in lip's Protestant Episcopal Church of New Detroit, Mich. York City, of which Mr. Bolin is organist C A Community Service Orchestra of 60 and choirmaster. members has been organized in Chicago by C An active branch of the National Asso­ Charles Elgar. ciation of Negro Musicians is the Indianapo­ G At Orchestra Hall, Chicago, James A. lis Music Promoters' Club, of which Ella V. Mundy has presented soloists and a chorus Thomas, pianist, is president and Adelaide in concert. Mary E. Jones was the so­ Thornton, Supervisor of Music in the Col­ prano soloist and ored Schools, is secretary. The club has Cleo Dickerson the pian­ instituted a monthly Community Program, ist. a series of three artists' recitals and the G Marie Peck Johnson, T. Theodore Tay­ maintenance of a piano quartette. lor and George Johnson—known as The d Marie Ford of Los Angeles, CaL, has Johnson-Taylor-Johnson Trio, are touring accepted the position of Director of Music the East and South in concert. Mrs. John­ at Lincoln Institute, Jefferson City, Mo. son is the soprano soloist, Mr. Taylor the (I Mme. E. Azalia Hackley has given her pianist and Mr. Johnson the tenor. second folk-song festival in Detroit. On G The Williams Singers have appeared in the program were compositions by Bur­ a two-day concert in Louisville, Ky.~ leigh, Cook, Dett, Johnson and Diton. Among the artists were Cleota Collins, Ber­ EDUCATION tha Hansbury and L. D. Collins. Ralph IOTA CHAPTER, a graduate chapter of Holmes says in the Detroit Journal: "There the Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, has been is no reason why every season should not organized in Atlantic City, N. J.. George see a concert by the pick of the local col­ E. Brice is basileus.

78 THE HORIZON 79

C. Francis C. Sumner, Ph. D., Clark Uni­ College, is football coach. versity '20, has been appointed Professor d In Texas 113 colored high schools report of Psychology and Philosophy at Wilber- an enrollment of 30,000; 34 have 4-year force University. courses; 37 have 3-year courses; 19 have C. Emily C. Charlton of Brooklyn, N. Y„ 2-year courses; 23 have one-year courses; has been graduated from First Institute of 62 of the schools have libraries, with 15,000 Podiatry as an honor student; she has volumes. passed, the State Board of Medical Ex­ G A Department of Commerce has been aminers. opened at Clark University under Prof. C. At the last session of the Mississippi George Griswold, a graduate of Albion Col­ Legislature the Board of Supervisors of lege. The course requires 2 years and is Sunflower County had a special law passed open to high school graduates who wish to allowing them to levy a 1 mill tax for Delta become stenographers, accountants, secre­ Industrial Institute, Inc., instead of the taries and business managers. annual appropriation of $2,000; the new C Carnegie Hall has been dedicated at Mor­ law gives the school an income of $22,500 gan College, Baltimore. Its cost is $95,000. a year. William F. Reden, a graduate of The late Mr. Carnegie gave $50,000 of this the State University of Iowa, is principal. sum. C One hundred colored students have en­ (I Fannie Cobb Carter, for 9 years a mem­ tered Ohio State University for the present ber of the faculty of West Virginia Col­ semester; they are distributed in all de­ legiate Institute, has resigned. partments. C Fifty Negro students, 35 men and 15 G. The Democratic school board at Wil­ women, are enrolled at the University of mington, Del., dismissed Mrs. Alice Dunbar- Iowa; at Iowa Agricultural College, 25 Ne­ Nelson, a teacher of English in Howard groes are enrolled, the largest number in High School, because she attended a politi­ the history of the school. cal meeting in the home of Senator Hard­ d Dr. Walter B. Jerrick, a graduate of ing against the wishes of her principal, Ray Lincoln University '13, and the University Woo ten. of Pennsylvania Medical School '18, has C During the past 10 years the number of gone to Scotland to pursue a post-graduate white school children in South Carolina has course in medicine at the University of risen from 156,051 to 226,065, an increase Edinburgh. of 70,014; the number of colored school POLITICS children during this period increased from AT Cleveland, Tenn., the Negro nominee 184,364 to 251,980, an increase of 67,616. for Alderman, Dr. T. E. Stevens was (L The State of Kentucky has fixed a mini­ elected over his white opponent by a 107-76 mum wage of $75 a month for school teach­ vote. While at Jellico, Tenn., Dr. Stevens ers, white and colored.. served as a member of the city Board of C At the colored Wendell Phillips High Health. School, Chicago, a course of study in Negro C. John C. Hawkins, a Negro in New York history and literature has been installed City, has been elected to the Assembly for with Willis N. Huggins as instructor. his third term on the Republican ticket. G. An institute on venereal disease control C In St. Louis, Mo., 18,000 Negro men and and social hygiene will be held in Wash­ 12,378 Negro women registered, a total of ington, D. C, November 22-December 4, and 30,378. In 1910 the Negro population was an All-America conference, December 44,541; it is now approximately 90,000. 6-11. Information as to courses, etc., will (I Mrs. Mary Seymour, a colored woman be gladly furnished by the United States at Hartford, Conn., was a candidate for Public Health Service, Washington, D. C. Congress on the Farmer-Labor ticket. C. At Howard University, Dwight O. W. C The following Negroes were elected mem­ Holmes has been elected Dean of the bers of the Legislature: Walthall M. Moore, Teachers' College, succeeding Mr. L. B. Republican, St. Louis, Mo.; and Dr. W. G. Moore; Dudley D. Woodward, Dean of the Alexander, Republican, Orange, N. J. Senior College, succeeding Carter G. Wood­ son; Dr. St. Elmo Brady is head of the MEETINGS Department of Chemistry and O. C. Thorn­ A PUBLIC reception has been tendered ton, instructor in the School of Finance; to Bishops Robert E. Jones and Mat­ Dr. W. E. Morrison, a graduate of Tufts thew W. Clair at the Academy of Music, 80 THE CRISIS

Philadelphia. Bishops Jones and Clair are (L The Mechanics and Farmers' Bank at the first Negroes to attain the rank of Durham, N. C, reports $17,038 cash in bishops in the Methodist Episcopal Church. vault; furniture and fixtures, $3,017; real There have been several colored Missionary estate, $537; capital stock paid in, $45,097; Bishops. deposits (savings) $96,283; deposits (sub­ C Hattie B. Marble, ject to check) $148,757. Doctor of Pharmacy at C A strike of 11,000 mine workers in Ala­ Yazoo City, Miss., has bama has been in progress 6 months. John been elected for her L. Lewis, International President of the second term as First United Mine Workers of America, has Vice - President of the telegraphed to President Wilson urging that colored National Med­ the Department of Justice institute legal ical Association, which proceedings to compel observance of the has 2,000 members. principle of collective bargaining and the MISS MARBLE Miss Marble is the only protection of the civil rights. Many of the woman who has presid­ miners are colored. ed at a meeting of the organization. C. The Modern Savings and Trust Com­ C. The 17th annual conference of the pany has been organized at Pittsburgh, Pa., Rhode Island Union of Colored Women's with a subscribed capital stock of $125,000. Clubs has convened at Union Congregational (I The Commercial Bank and Trust Com­ Church, Newport. Mrs. J. J, Robinson was pany has been opened at Richmond, Va., as elected president; Miss Mary Jackson and a $250,000 enterprise. Mr. Joseph Mat­ Mrs. Henrietta Armstrong were elected thews is director and Mr. T. C. Erwin, first and second honorary presidents. president. (I The 26th annual meeting of the Afro- (I Allie Williams, a Negro at Sioux City, American Presbyterian Council has been Iowa, raises guinea pigs for the medical held at Capital Street Church, Harrisburg, profession. He receives orders throughout Pa., of which the Rev. B. M. Ward is the country. pastor. The Rev. L. F. Ellerson of 13th Avenue Church, Newark, N. J., was elected president, succeeding the Rev. C. B. Allen THE CHURCH of Pittsburg. IN a membership drive at First Congrega­ tional Church, Augusta, Ga., Mrs. S. S. d The National Beauty Hair Cultun'sts Johnson reported 154 new members in 60 League has held its first annual convention days. The Rev. C. S. Ledbetter is pastor. at Philadelphia. Mme. Estelle of New ([ El''°r W. H. Green reports 6000 colored York is president. members of the Seventh Day Adventist

INDUSTRY Church; during 1918-19 they raised $400,­ A T Chapel Hill, N. C , the Progressive 000. Elder Green is secretary of the North Manufacturing Company has been or­ American Negro Department with head­ ganized with an authorized capital stock of quarters at Detroit, Mich, $50,000. The Rev. L. H. Hackney is presi­ il Mt. Zion M. E. Church at Georgetown, dent of the board of directors. D. C., has celebrated its 104th anniversary. d The entire stock of the colored First The Rev. Albert Mitchell is pastor. Standard Bank, Louisville, Ky., represent­ ing a capital and surplus of $110,000, has CRIME been sold in less than 5 months. THE following lynchings have taken (I Mr. J. T. Jackson, a real estate broker place since our last record: at Germantown, Pa., recently handled $84,­ Greenville, Ala., Oct. 14—Select Reid, 000 worth of business in one week. shot; wounding foreman. (I Among achievements of Negroes at Fremont, N. C , October 19—Norman Columbus, Ohio, are the purchase of a $50,­ Artis; peeping into woman's room while 000 theatre and a $40,000 hospital. hired by the husband to do detective work. (I Tidewater Bank and Trust Company, C Mr. P. H. Robinson of Jacksonville, Fla., Norfolk, Va., reports a paid-in capital stock informs us that THE CRISIS' record of the of $100,000; surplus fund and undivided lynching of Hosey Poole at Pensacola, Fla., profits, $21,647; furniture and fixtures, August 13, is an error; that Hosey killed $16,705; cash in vault and due from banks, his brother, was arrested, tried and con­ $137,003; deposits, $437,178. victed of first degree murder and hanged. THE HORIZON 8i

SOCIAL PROGRESS G Robert S. Lockett is the first Negro in ALICE WARD SMITH has been ap­ New York to be appointed a mounted pa­ •* *• pointed a policewoman at Washington, trolman. D. C. Miss Smith is a colored graduate of G William E. Parsons, a Negro at Santa the University of Washington, Seattle; she Fe., N. M., won second place in a statewide has served as headworker for Lincoln subscription contest for the Daily Neiv House, Glen Cove, L. I., and a special Mexican, a white paper, and was awarded a worker for the Henry Street Settlement in $1,200 Overland touring car. New York. G Catherine B. Allen, daughter of Mr. and C W. L. Houston, a Negro at Fort Scott, Mrs. W. F. Trotman of Brooklyn, N. Y., Kan., has been retained as attorney for the is the first colored woman to be appointed Order of Railroad Station Agents, a white Assistant Librarian in the New York Pub­ organization. He is the first colored at­ lic Library. Miss Allen received her library torney to appear before the Interstate training at Howard University and has Commerce Commission. been assistant librarian at Tuskegee Insti­ C In the competitive examination for tute. nurses in the Department of Health, New G Mrs. Powhatan Bagnall, a colored wo­ York City, Miss Lavenia Moore headed the man of Boston, Mass., has been appointed list of 100 applicants. The Misses Mar­ Field Worker for the United States inter­ garet Harris and Nellie Mosely were also departmental Social Hygiene Board. successful competitors. G From January 14-July 20 the Citizens' G Mayme D. Turner at Philadelphia has Defense Fund of Little Rock, Ark., raised been appointed Assistant Inspector of $10,426 to defend the 12 Negroes convicted Housing and Sanitation in the Bureau of in connection with the riot at Elaine. Of Health at a salary of $1300 per year. Miss this sum $6,100 has been spent in attorney Turner with an average of 80% stood first fees and the remainder in cost and at­ on the list of 7 candidates, including 5 men, tendant expenses. This money was in addi­ and is the first colored woman appointee. tion to the expenditures of the N. A. A. C. P. C Since 1910 Mississippi's population of Mr. J. G. Thornton is chairman of the com­ 1,789,182 has been decreased by 7,932 or 4%. mission. This is attributed to the migration of Ne­ G Mr. Sol T. Plaatje, author of "Native groes. Life in South Africa" and editor of a news­ G J.Williams Clifford, formerly a Lieutenant paper, has sailed for Montreal, Canada, in of the 367th Infantry, 92nd Division A. E. connection with the work of the World F., has resigned his position as Special Brotherhood Congress; he will visit the Representative of colored soldiers and sail­ United States. ors in the Bureau of War Risk Insurance, "because of continual limitations of my C Members of the Sulgrave Institute have official duties by prejudiced southern white visited Hampton Institute as a part of their superiors." itinerary arranged in celebration of the C Markers Carter, after 20 years' active first American Legislative Assembly, which service, has been transferred from Chief was held at Jamestown, in July, 1619. Lord Gunner's Mate, U. S. N , to the Fleet Naval Rathcreedan, the spokesman, paid warm Reserve. The captain in commending Mr. tribute to Hampton. Carter, who is a Negro, said: "Your rec­ G Secretary Daniels has appointed a Court ord shows that you have committed no of­ of Inquiry to investigate in Haiti charges fense against law and discipline or failed made in connection with the American Oc­ to perform any duty assigned in a most cupation. efficient manner." C The Negro Commission of Missouri ap­ G At Pine Bluff, Ark., 500 Negroes have pointed by Governor Gardner for the bet­ been made homeless as a result of a fire. terment of industrial, educational, housing, The damage is estimated at $300,000. home life, health and living conditions, has G The Bar at Fort Smith, Ark., has ad­ offices in the State Capital. Mr. R. S. mitted its first Negro lawyer, in the person Cobb is secretary of the Commission. of Attorney Edward D. Dobbins. G Twenty colored women have been called G At Cleveland League Park, Ohio, Harry from various parts of the country to attend J. Walker, a Negro, was Official Announcer the third Extension Training Course for for the World Series baseball games. colored Y. W. C. A. secretaries. 82 THE CRISIS

G At St. Louis, Mo., two colored city de­ NATIONAL URBAN LEAGUE tectives, Addison Logan and William SIXTY-SEVEN organizations,representing Crockett, have been awarded bronze medals 29 of the largest cities, were represented tor honorable service. at the National Urban League's Annual C The following awards have been made in Conference held in Newark, October 20-23. the N. A. A. C. P. lynching essay contest: Urban League executives from 25 cities were First prize, $50—Arthur Williams of Lin­ in attendance. The reports indicate: Perm­ coln University; second prize, $30—Lorimer anent general improvement in health among Milton of Brown University; third prize, Negroes; that the industrial position of the $20—Donald B. Goodloe of Howard Uni­ Negro worker while serious on account of versity. increased migration from Europe and slow­ PERSONAL ing up in certain industries shows no cause THE marriage is announced of Miss Eva for alarm as concerns the Negro; that racial V. Clay, teacher of child hygiene for co-operation which developed during the war the Board of Health at Newark, N. J., to is on the increase; that southern Negroes Mr. George H. Faulk, State Superintendent are steadily coming northward, of the American Workmen's Insurance d The Industrial Department of the New Company of Washington, D. C. Miss Clay Jersey Urban League placed last month a served as a Red Cross nurse at Camp Grant, gang of colored workmen under their own 111., and is a graduate of Freedmen's Hos­ foreman with the Standard Oil Company at pital. Rahway, N. J. d Mr. and Mrs. Joseph M. Abbott of d The New York Urban League provided Spout Springs, Appomattox County, Va., convalescence and fresh air outings for 305 have been married 45 years; they are the persons last summer. The pre-natal clinic parents of 15 children. opened in Harlem in July has advised in 876 cases of expectant mothers. The League was instrumental in securing to colored dining car employees a wage increase as al­ lotted to other railroad employees by the U. S. Wage and Adjustment Board. New open­ ings for employment were made with the United Chemical Company and the Schles­ inger Toy Factory. d The Cleveland organization's report for the fiscal year ending October 1, shows the placing of six personnel workers in plants and the employment of eight colored foremen who had been trained in the school for fore­ MR. AND MRS. JOSEPH M. ABBOTT men inaugurated by William Conners, Ex­ G Mrs. Anna Pitts Clifton at Atlanta, Ga., ecutive Secretary. In co-operation with the has given birth to her 24th child; 8 of the Cuyahoga Farm Bureau and the Farm De­ children are alive. Mrs. Clifton is 54 years partment of the city, Negroes are being of age and her husband, Charles Clifton, placed on farms as workers, tenants and 57. owners. Surplus labor is being distributed in nearby towns. Four thousand workers C Dr. J. Hee'.ey Barber, a graduate of were placed with 992 in skilled positions. Meharry Medical College, is dead at At­ The Department of Economics shows 2,162 lanta, Ga., where he had practised for the families visited and 164 new bank accounts past 14 years. opened. C The remains of the late Sergeant Peter Defour who died at Brest, as a member of d The League during the past nine years the Medical Detachment A. E. F., has ar­ has made 64,452 placements of Negro work­ rived at Trinidad, B. W. I., his home, where ers in positions not before held by them, a military burial was held, d Frayser T. Lane, of the Chicago Urban d Mrs. Anna Tubman at Philadelphia, Pa., League, and Assistant Director of the Com­ is the mother of 18 living children. Mrs. munity Service, has been appointed Execu­ Tubman, who is 43 years of age, has been tive Secretary of the newly organized Kan­ married 29 years. sas City Urban League. TH E CRISIS ADVERTISER 83

CI Maurice Moss, 1920 Fellow of the Nation­ al Urban League at the New York School of Social Work, has been appointed Director of the Frederick Douglass Boys' Club of To­ PARENTS ledo, Ohio. 0 Fellowships for the year 1920-1921 have and been granted by the National Urban League to William A. Daniels at the Graduate School TEACHERS of Social Administration, Chicago Univers­ ity; Ruth W. Howard at the School for So­ Is it a CHRISTMAS Gift to Your cial Workers, Boston, Mass.; and Phila A. Children ? Then why not a Year's McGillery at the Pennsylvania School of So­ Subscription to cial Service, Philadelphia.

FOREIGN THE Conference of Africans from British THE BROWNIES'BOOK dependencies has met and sent a depu­ tation to London. Resolutions passed by A monthly magazine designed es­ the conference are: "That this conference pecially for our children which at­ views with great disfavor the propaganda of tempts to bring to them : the Empire Resources Development Commit­ /. The best in pictures and stories tee with respect to the British West Afri­ of Negro life. can Colonies, and is strongly of the opinion 2. The life and deeds of famous that the natural resources of the British men and women of the Negro West African dependencies are not for the race. exploitation of concessionaries under State J. The current events of the world control." Other resolutions passed dealt told in beautiful language which with the palm kernels export duty, which children can understand. the conference pledged itself to endeavor to repeal; with judicial reforms, particularly THE BROWNIES' BOOK has ap­ deploring the modifications in British West peared monthly since the January, 1920, issue. Its circulation is still less than Africa of the right to trial by jury, and 5,000 copies per month. In order to keep protesting against the denial of the right the magazine at its present high stand­ to representation by Counsel in the Pro­ ard—as wc are determined to do—we vincial Courts; with the flogging of women, must have at once 12,000 subscribers. Won't you help us now to reach that which the conference wholly condemned as figure? a barbarous practice for any offence what­ ever. If each person reading this page will (I The Building Workers' International send us just one paid-up yearly sub­ scription to THE BROWNIES' BOOK Union in East London, South Africa, has —or tzvo subscriptions if you prefer— opposed the introduction of a rate of 1 shil­ the future of the magazine is secure. ling 3 pence for colored workers and 1 shil­ ling 9 pence for white workers, and demand­ SPECIAL OFFER: Five paid-up vearly subscriptions to the BROWNIES' ed a flat rate of 1 shilling 6 pence for all BOOK sent in at one time will entitle workers. the sender to a year's subscription free. C Lord Sinha, Indian Under-Secretary for This offer holds good until midnight of India, has resigned at London, England, December 31, 1920. and been succeeded by the white Earl of 15 Cents per copy $1.50 per year Lytton. Lord Sinha and other Indian lead­ ers insisted upon the appointment of Secre­ Agents Wanted Subscribers Wanted tary Montagne as Viceroy of India because Sample copies sent on request. of his firm stand in condemning the Amrit­ sar massacre and other repressive measures in India; the appointment was refused. DuBois and Dill, Publishers C A law dated March 17, 1920, provides for the organization in Paris in 1925 of an 2 West 13th St. Interallied Colonial Exposition and for the NEW YORK, N. Y. building of a permanent colonial museum. 84 THE CRISIS ADVERTISER

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Mention TH E Cum THE CRISIS ADVERTISER 85 1920 The Southern Aid Society of Va., Inc., has striven during 1920, as always heretofore, to render to its policyholders a superior service during sick­ ness, accidents and the dark hour of death. As a result of its efforts to keep faith with the people, the society has done a larger and more satisfactory business during 1920 than ever before. Therefore at this joyous sea­ son of the year we first give thanks to Him from whom Com­ eth all good things; then to the good people who have so will­ ingly and consistently entrust­ ed to our care and keeping the sacred duty of protecting their firesides in the time of sickness, accidents and death; and last, but not least, to that band of ever faithful co-workers—our officers, superintendents, agents and clerks—for their loyal devotion to the interests of both the policyholders and the Society.

The success of 1920 inspires and prepares us for bigger and better service during 1921. If you live in Virginia—you should have the superior pro­ tection provided only by the unmatched policy of the SOUTHERN AID SOCIETY OF VA., INC. Home Office: 520 N. Second Street RICHMOND, VA. District Offices and Agencies Throughout the State

OFFICERS AND EOARD OF DIRECTORS A. D. PRICE, Pres. B. A. CEPHAS, 3rd Vicc- EDW. STEWART, 1st A. WASHINGTON Pres. Vice-Pres. C. N. JACKSON W. E. BAKER, Treas. B. L. JORDAN, Sec. JAS. T. CARTER, 2nd W. E. RANDOLPH Vice-Pres. & Atty. W. A. JORDAN, Asst. Sec.

Mention TH E CRISIS. 86 THE CRISIS ADVERTISER

soothing the after-smart of shaving N~

Madam C.J. Walkers Witch Hazel Jelly

35 centi of Agents and Druggists

Made by the Mme.C. J.Walker Mfe. Co. 640NorthWest St.. Indianapolis. Ind

Mention T HE CRISIS . THE CRISIS ADVERTISER 87

The R. G. Doggett Amusement Corporation, Inc. will present The Bramhall Players and a superb cast of black and white players in "JUSTICE" A Drama of Race, Love and Law IN THREE ACTS and "THE FATHER'S SONS" A Peace of Killing Both by BUTLER DAVENPORT at the LAFAYETTE THEATRE 7th Avenue, between 131st and 132c! Streets, New York, N. Y. THE WEEK OF NOVEMBER 29

"Justice" is a big, powerful, virile drama of tolerance toward the individual, appealing to every lover of humanity.

"Uncle Tom's Cabin" went far to free the Negro's body from bond­ age; "Justice" will go far to liberate the white man's mind from prejudice.

"I think, my friends, you are guilty of a great wrong against God and humanity. This Negro question is still to be settled." These words are as true today as when spoken by John Brown—and this drama of "Justice" shows the way to solve this problem of the color line.

:-: Comments :-: "Justice" is a great play. It is ten years ahead of its time.—Lee Shubert, Manager. "Justice" is the most panoramic play I have heard. It seemed as if I saw the people as you read it. It is five years ahead of its time.— Henry Miller, Actor-Manager and Co-Star with Blanche Bates in "The Famous Mrs. Fair." "Justice" is a great play. It should be played at once, but won't be in the condition our theatre is in today.—Emma Goldman, Author- Lecturer.

The Corporation has arranged also to present Mr. Davenport in readings from "Justice" and other plays for Clubs and Literary Societies. For information regarding the above attractions, address— R. G. DOGGETT 302 West 137th Street New York, N. Y.

MENTION T HE CRISIS . 88 THE CRISIS ADVERTISER

MISS MADELINE ALLISON SHOPPER r^r^r; • Would you not like to do your Christmas shopping in New York City? Miss Allison is a colored business woman, horn in New York and thoroughly familiar with its shops. If you will write her of your wants, she will send you descriptions and prices by return mail. Meantime, here are a few suggestions: Stationery- Assorted colors, white, pink, blue, lavender; high grade linen finished stock; ribbon tied; 46 envelopes, 24 sheets of paper and 24 cor­ respondence cards . . . 8Q cents per box and up. White linen cloth finished paper; _ 84 sheets of paper and 84 envelopes; ribbon tied. $4.68 per box.

FOUNTAIN PENS Made of pure para rubber; 14 karat solid gold diamond point pen; full chased barrel, 88 cents each and up. Sterling Silver filigree pen; the silver is inlaid over the vulcanite; space is re­ served on barrel for engraving name of owner, $6,17 each. WATCH FOBS Attractive silk watch fob with gold plated charm, 60 cents each and up. All metal fob 14 karat gold plated, braided links witb C1AST> gUir^-nont which holds chain in position; ornamented with buckle and charm that can be , engraved, $2.54 each.

Toilet and Manicure Sets 3 piece French ivory toilet set in hinged case, sateen lined; contains hand mirror with 4J^ inch beveled glass, flat back hair brush with 9 rows of bristles and a dressing comb. $7,47 per set and up. 7 piece combination toilet set of grained ivory in lined cabinet; contains nail file, cuticle pusher, 3 inch handle dressing comb, hair brush. 9 rows of bristles, mirror with llA inch beveled glass, nail buffer, glass salve jar. $6.96 per set and up.

Gold plated eutt links Cuff Links with stone settings; finely embossed strong post, lever Hand Bags ends. 56 cents per pair and up. Solid Chiffon velvet hand bags gold cuff links, set with silk chenille tas­ with diamonds; good, sel; silver polish frame; heavy weight; Ro­ man finish. $5.00 per silver chain handle, fan­ pair. Combination set cy liuingr extra inside —gold plated scarf frame pocket; hanging pin and sleeve button set, stone settings, mirror; colors — navy, 64 cents per set and taupe arid brown. $3.32 up. each and up. MISS MADELINE ALLISON Room 622, 70 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK, N. Y. (Refers by permission to the Editor of the Crisis.)

Mention TH E CBISIB. THE CRISIS ADVERTISER 89 MUSIC IN THE HOME PUTS SUNSHINE IN THE HEART

Standard Songs Which Should be in Every Repertoire

THE ROUGH, ROCKY ROAD ("MBBiTO Bv W. C. HANDY A beautiful spiritual with a heart-throb in every note, with a new arrangement "by one of America's foremost composers. PRICE 40c. THINKING OF THEE A LITTLE SONG Hy HARRY II. PACE PRICE 20c. For little tots and school children. PRICE 30c. A ballad par-excellent. Just what the name implies. PICKANINNY ROSE PRICE 30c. A wonderfully melodious mother croon. A Lullaby. The sweetest song on Broadway. AFRO-AMERICAN HYMN SPHINX By li\ C. HANDY flv J. BERN I BARBOUR A soul-stirring, martial hymn of beauty. Special PRICE 30c. An Egyptian,. Intermezzo. Prices in lots to Choirs and Schools.

WE CAN SUPPLY YOU WITH ALL THE LATEST SHEET MUSIC

WHY DID YOU MAKE A PLAYTHING OF ME? By J. BERN1 BARBOUR PRICE 15c. A "Good Bye" appeal of a lover. Beautiful lyrics and wonderful music. A master­ piece of musical composition. LONG GONE ST. LOUIS BLUES PRICE 15c. Another 'Casey Jones" or "Steam­ PRICE 30c. Sung by Marion Harris on Colum­ boat Bill". Sung by Marion Harris on Columbia bia Record. It's great. Record. THAT THING CALLED LOVE PRICE 30c. Sung by Mamie Smith on Okeh Record. The first colored girl to make a record of a popular song, and it's a wonderful record. Two Great Columbia Records by BEALE ST. BLUES BERT WILLIAMS PRICE 30c. Always a favorite. On all Player Rolls and Phonograph Records. "IT'S YOUR MOVE NOW" u„d "O DEATH, WHERE IS THY STING V' THINK OF ME LITTLE DADDY By MISS ALUl.i'

PACE & HANDY MUSIC CO., Inc. ' PACE h HANDY BUILDING) 232 W. 46th Street Dept. C New York, N, Y.

Mention THE CRISIS. 90 THE CRISIS ADVERTISER

Cleota J. Collins LUC DORSINVILLE & CO. Lyric Soprano MANUFACTURERS' AGENTS IMPORTERS AND EXPORTERS ''Judging from the appear­ ance of a large number of PORT AU PRINCE, HAITI music lovers, her sweet lyric EXPORT: IMPORT: voice held them spellbound. She was applauded again and COFFEE FLOUR again after each number."— COCOA SOAP CASTOR BEANS Boston Chronicle. HARDWARE LIGNUM VITAE MAHOGANY DRY GOODS Address: LOG WOOD COTTON FABRICS 156 HAMILTON AVENUE, COTTON FURNITURE PAINTS COLUMBUS, OHIO COCOANUT Colored American business men desiring to trans­ act business between Haiti and the United States of America, are cordially invited to communi­ cate with us. LULA ROBINSON-JONES Soprano WANTED WANTED Available for Concerts Live Agents At Once To Sell Telephone 6393 Morningiide DUDLEY'S FAMOUS AUTO POLISH 174 W. 136th Street New York, N. Y. for furniture, pianos, church pews, hard­ wood floors and hundreds of other things that have a varnished surface. Makes them look like new. Agents can make $50.00 to JOSEPHINE A. JUNIUS $75.00 per week selling Dudley's Polish to furniture dealers, drug stores, hardware CONTRALTO stores, churches, housekeepers, automobile "Miss Junius is the possessor of a Contralto stores, paint stores and grocery stores. voice, lovely in quality, which she uses artis­ Special Offer: For 90 days we will ship to tically."—Oscar Saenger. all new agents $10.00 worth of Dudley's Polish for $5.00. Take advantage of this Address special offer at once. 74 W. 142d ST. NEW YORK, N. Y. Dudley & Porter Manufacturing Co. 11S South Main St., Muskogee, Okla. Clarence Cameron White

Violinist Tmlephonm, Baring T7$4 Recitals, Concerts, Instruction ISADORE MARTIN Studio: 616 Columbus Avenue Boston, Mass. Real Estate and Insurance Notary Public Mortgage* E. ALDAMA JACKSON 6 North 42nd Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Graduate of Institute of Musical Art Organist-Director of Music of St. Marks M. E. Church; Concert Accompanist; Piano, Voice, Tel. 6487 Fort Hill Cable Address, Epben Theory, Instruction, Conducting, Coaching. Harmony taught from beginning to com­ EDGAR P BENJAMIN pletion. Private or correspondence. ATTOBNEY AND COUNSELLOR-AT-LAW Geothius system. 34 School Street Boston, Mass. Studio: 250 W. 138th St., New York, N. Y. Telephone Morningside 1708. LIVE IN CALIFORNIA The Colored Teachers'Bureau Colored People, Attention! $50.00 cash will start you owning a home in Will Help You Get a Better Paying Position. Southern California. No Jim-Crowism—no REGISTER NOW SEASONABLE TERMS separate schools—an opportunity to live as a man. Write today for FREE INFORMATION. Address: Colored Teachers' Bureau BOOKERTEE INVESTMENT CO. Box 22, Wilberforce, 0. 1718 W. Jefferson St., Los Angeles, Cal.

Alf^T €\\\tf*HL Snapupthisprofitsmoshing Zr^f* M bargain now. SEND NO ™ O N «« 3uBt your name, address, size and color. We will send you delivery charges paid. 6 pairs of tneewellest heavy weight brown or blaok genuine Badges, Banners, Lodge Regalia duc-web mens' silk socks, worth $1.00 eaoh. For all Lodge and Church Societies SEND NO MONEY CENTRAL REGALIA CO. |Yo nPair pays S3.1 o!9 Sil onk arrivalSock,s deliver — Guary chat-pe. $6 a Valupaid,e Don't wait. Goatt FOOTS today. Limited quantity left. Only 6- pai...lirna to a customer. Money cheer-, JOS. L. JONES, Pr... fully refunded if you can match them for S6. N. E. Car. 8th and Plum Su., Cineioniti, Obi* BERNARD, HEWITT & CO. Dept. L 344 CHICAGO

Mention TH E CRISIS. THE CRISIS ADVERTISER 91

THE MOST ATTRACTIVE LOT OFFER EVER MADE! Excellent Lots, Developed Under New Plan, with Fruit Trees Planted on them, in Beautiful ORCHARDVILLE FOR ON VERY ONLY $56 EASY TERMS PEOPLE FROM ALL OVER THE COUNTRY shed, etc., besides the room taken up by the fruit ARE SECURING THESE LOTS AND THE DE­ trees. MAND FOR THEM IS INCREASING BY EACH LOT IS GUARANTEED TO BE HIGH LEAPS AND BOUNDS. If you want any you AND DRY UNDER A MONEY-BACK GUAR­ must ACT QUICKLY: ANTEE, and the title to the property is absolutely Orchardville is located in a high grade fruit clear. growing region and is to be developed into a The price of the lots is only $56, as stated above, BEAUTIFUL FRUIT CITY. Each lot will have and the terms are only $3.00 a month. Smaller FIVE HIGH GRADE FRUIT TREES PLANT­ terms when more than one lot is purchased. NO ED ON IT, also a beautiful shade tree, which INTEREST. will be cultivated and taken care of by us for FOUR YEARS WITHOUT EXTRA COST TO We have a beautiful booklet that gives all the YOU. When the fruit trees come into commer­ particulars of this offer, and that explains how cial bearing they should earn you EXCELLENT to secure your lots. Send for one TODAY. YEARLY RETURNS ON YOUR INVEST­ Simply write your name and address on the cou­ MENT WITHOUT ANY EFFORT ON YOUR pon attached below and mail it to us RIGHT PART. AWAY. The number of lots is LIMITED and The lots are sized 30 x 14 4 feet, and have plen­ they are GOING FAST, which makes it a case ty of room for a house, garden, chicken yard, of FIRST COME—FIRST SERVED.

Arenson Realty Development Corporation 19 S. La Salle Street CHICAGO, ILL.

~~7~ I • Arenson Realty Development Corp. 1 I Chicago , 111, Date 192 I

J Gentlemen:— I a m interested i n your Orchardvill e offer an d would lik e t o receive on e of I I you r booklet s withou t obligation to me . |

I Nome Address ] I !. 7o«m State. I CRI-12-20

Mention THE CRISIS. Q 2 THE CRISIS ADVERTISER

S atrmcnt of the Ownership, Management, Circulation, HOLIDAY SUGGESTIONS etc., required by the Art of Congn ss uf August U4. .912, nf (ho CRISIS, published monthly at 70 F.ftli Avenue, The 1921 CRISIS Calendar New York, N. Y., for October 1. 1920. State of New York will be in keeping with our high standards Luunty of New York of past years, It will contain excerpts from the works of foremost Negro authors—an Before me, a Notary Publie in and for the State and county aforesaid, personally appeared Augustus artistic and valuable reminder •^lanville Dill, who, having been d..ly sworn accord­ "As the Days of the Year Go By" .ng to law, deposes and says that lie is the Business .Manager of the CRISIS and tllii, the following is, to Price 50 Cents Ready December 15 the best of h s knowledge and behef, a true statement of the ownership, management, etc., of the aforesaid publication for the date shown in he above caption, SPECIAL OFFER lequ.red by the Act, of August 24, 1912, embodied In A copy of the 1921 CRISIS Calendar will section 443, Postal Laws and Regulations: he sent free to any person sending us AT Publisher: The Nat'onal Association for the Advance­ ONE TIME three (3) paid-up yearly sub­ ment of Colored People, 70 Fifth Avenue, New York. scriptions to the CRISIS on or beforo Decem­ N. Y. ber, 24, 1920. Editor: W. E. Burghardt DuBois, 70 Fifth Ave­ SEVEN GIFT BOOKS (Postage Extra) nue, New York, N. Y. Souls ot Black Folk. (W. E. B. DuBois) $1.50 Managing Editor: W. E. Burghardt DuBois, 70 Fifth History of the Negro.

The December Issue o f Rational Living I s Out It contains^ among many other articles: Dr. Marie Stopes, of England, on Birth Control; Influenza;

Labor and Industrial Hygiene; Women in the Textile f r Industry; Food and the Child. Ol)ly fill 5 Q ° * ™ finest quality, beautiful patterns -Sent !n ^i,So3 "^f ^ regular$3.60 madras dress shirts,$7.O0value The January issue will contain a large number of inVst nnnfiPv ° J?onjy madvance, payable C. O. D. ikade of the interesting and educational articles. Here are but a Till riral! n™i°T Madras, very durable, very dressy, cut h le coa t f o, t Eof few: Fighting Disease in Soviet Russia; Fxercise, lulls finer/a r^Xff^ S \, .-.r ;S^- ' ^nch turn back Good and Bad: Water as a Remedy; Labor and d l e B trin«X* |55,S K, haXj^Kruuna-round. sizeSizlls 14 ftto ftS." 17*5. "SStat? ?e size anSd colo , "^te r e lr Renoir and Van Gogh. " 6 Guarantee !2, , e " W"; "oner In foil. If yon can match these SendnoMonev.juatyournam? #n for Jess than 13.60 40 cents a copy. $4 a year in U . S. value. Cor­ "»h«ra d « hiD 0,lce each, responding rates for shorter periods. N o free sam­ charges crewiS: 1Pay 2n"/K69 on SSit^? ° "I^ J " .»' .

Mention T h e Crisis . THE CRISIS ADVERTISER MADE to MEASURE

EXPRESS OR POSTAGE PREPAID This offer is one of the biggest, most gener­ ous ever made by any tailoring house. It's your one big opportunity to get a finely tail- ored-to-measure 2-piece suit with box back, superbly trimmed and cut in the latest city style for only $15.00.

WE'RE OUT T O BEAT

HIGH TAILORING PRICES

Your own local tailor couldn't and wouldn't make you a suit for $15.00, let alone supply the cloth, linings and trimmings. Why not save 50% on your next suit? We have such a tremendous business, buy all our materials in such large quantities and have such a perfect organi­ zation that we can make these wonderful prices—and remember we guarantee style, fit and workmanship or your money back. 5 You Save 9to$J5 This suit for $15.00 clearly proves our supremacy in the tailoring field. We offer

dozens of equally good values. Let's tell CA «nL ft..tf'.l CDCC you about them. We would rather you did |J|g odUiPlO UUlTIT Mitt not send us any money until we send our ° ~ Write us today and we will mail you absolutely FREE our beautifully illustrated pattern book showing dozens of the latest city styles and designs, also many large size cloth samples to choose from. You will be simply thunderstruck at the excep­ tional values we are offering this year. Don't delay; we urge you to act quick; today! THE PROGRESS TAILORING CO. Dept. 601 CHICAGO

Mention THE CRISIS. THE CRISIS ADVERTISER 04

OUR LATEST CATALOG WILL BE MAILED TO YOU UPON REQUEST We are positively the only Manufacturers of HUMAN HAIR GOODS who specialize and cater direct to the Colored People. Our Wigs, Switches, Transformations, Bobs and Braids are strictly hand­ made—of the finest qualities of real Human Hair Goods and manufactured under the supervision of MME. BAUM. by the most skillful artists in the a trade. e s Try Mme. Baum's Celebrated Scalp and Face Preparations which are made x < of the finest ingredients and are the most satisfying to the person using h< them* H PI o We carry the largest selection of Hair­ e •* ib Mme. Baum's Bob dressers' Tools and Accessories. O u gives the appear­ X H ance of wearing the o hair bobbed, but > S makes cutting un­ r o 5 necessary. M ad o MME. BAUM'S of strictly Supremo 0 Quality human hair, with natural MAIL ORDER HOUSE waves, sewed on Velvet Ribbon, fitted with three tuck Combs to Our Factory is Located at hold secure. In all shades. Price. $5.50. 80 FOURTH AVE. NEW YORK, N. V .

When writing, mention this paper.

AGENTS EARN S>75 00 A WEEK Selling uiir Enlarged Photo Me­ dallions, Photo Cuff Button photo Lockets, Photo Watcl Charms, Photo Breast Pins, Photo Clocks aiu

•opy from a n y Photograph and Return Your Original Photo. Ageti s" Enlargeti Samples *25c. Negro Books. Pictures and Pos Cards. Proiupi shipi cnts. mm Agcnls and Dealer; Wanted. Free Catalog. Bethel Art Co.. 97 South St.. Jamaica, N. Y. SEND NO MONEY Write quick for this amazing sock bargain. Only limited lot. Men's fine quality black or gray wool socks. Full seamless, double sole, toe and heel. Guaranteed wear-proof. PAIR OF GUARANTEED < $1.00 WOOL SOCKS « 6 Guaranteed Six Months SEND NO MONEY—writ e quick. Socks sent delivery charges paid. SendNoMoney!] Pay$3on arrival, nomore. Money back Two wonderful $4.00 shirts for only $5.25. & not more than pleased. Give size, color, fwlf^r lea™ $2.75. Everybody wearing these semi- dress Gray Flannel Shirts for business, work and sport. BERNARD, HEWITT 8 CO. Dept. X 044 Chicago Cadillac Broadcloth Flannel Shirts $ Two $4.00 Shirts for Only $5.25 K,?nl°w%e """"fy Cadillac Brnndolnth Gray Flannel, Agents 85 Weekly n ,,,.V,L ?^SV?!Bh t i.)ne '" rl?e P"''ket. '»oed sleeve« mid t tcms Cut E x , r a F u c Get a Robinson Folding Bath Tub FREE l™, SSfsK"i11? S"., - "- <"« F">nt Stylo. Big sellor. Cost little, no plumbing. Weight K™*'' ? thru-ont. Snftturndown collar with an teen h ,0 ,gn, y 16 pounds, foIdsJntoHmall roll. Kull lenirth baths, 'hStalnSSSSS?;. .T „S i ?,h ™nk. Try to mntch these fur better than tin tuba. Guaranteed 10 years. $16b> BMrta in any store at $4.00. Yet wo offer you two for only $5.25. J20 a day oasily made. Write quick f"i>rnpociul offer. Robinson Cabinet Mfg. Co., 15 Factories Dldg., Toledo, O Send No Monev Wril° *•*•»• SMrt. >n b« «t on $6 ^5 on nrriiml n„ . n ncy be"k. trane.portaii..n prepaid. Pay only withi the 2 2 "T • ?!" i"' . a t °™« ' f not moVo than pleased with tho wonderful value. Bo auro to n-ivo neck-band size. WANTED BERNARD-HEWITT S CO90. 0 w. Van Bursa St.. CHICAGO Agents for THE CRISIS, Dignified Work 70 Fifth Avenue, New York Mention The Crisis . THE CRISIS 95 Patti's XttiaS Suggestions Send $2.50 and postage for A PERFECTLY MARVELOUS SKIN TOILETTES Or $2.25 for Patti's Columbia Record Bleaching, Vanishing and Cold Cream. Also "La Traviata" Powder, 68 cents each. "Patti's Special" Perfume, $1.25 an ounce. Send 10c postage for mailing one article. 2c each additional. $5.00 for 6 Toilettes and Patti's Beauty Secrets BIG MONEY FOR AGENTS WRITE QUICK ! ! Send All Money Orders to A. A. BROWN, Manager, PATTI BEAUTY EMPORIUM Phone Kenwood 9538 4723 St. Lawrence Ave., Apt 3, CHICAGO, ILL.

Send No Money HIGH GRADE MICHIGAN FARM Snap this bargain up right now before it is too FOR SALE late. Only limited quantity. Amazing underwear Contains 160 acres, 2 good houses, large bargain. Greatest offer ever made. Two Guar­ anteed $ 4 Each, Wool Unlonsuits, $5.75 . barn, other outhuildings, and located on Sav e big: money on your underwear. Send line road, right at railroad station, in postcard or letter today — this very minute, for the famous fruit belt. Only 1 mile from these2 beautiful perfect fitting heavy weight gray Orchardvillc. 80 acres cleared, balance elasticribunionsuits . Full cut. Seams reinforced and overcast. Send No Money—pay only $5.75 pasture and timber. Good colored neigh­ on arrival, no more; we pay delivery charges. bors. This is a real bargain at $8,500.

refund vou r Worth $12,000. First payment $4,000, We Guarantee *° long time on balance. To see this farm , W WMMIMM»»V money if you can is to want it. match these 2 wonderful wool unionsuits for Send for particulars. Other good farms also. $8.00. Order this amazing bargain this minute Small or large. Tell us what vou want. Ad­ before it is too late. Just give name, address dress PAUL P. ARENSON, 10 S. La Salle and breast measure. St., Chicago, 111.

DeptBERNARD-HEWIT. V 044 900 WT . Va& n COMPANBuren, ChicagYo

SPEND YOUR VACATION AT

The moat wonderfully Ideal spot where young and old cast aside for the time all the cares and worries of their strenuous, nerve-racking routine lives and romp and play once more as children and enjoy to the full nature In all her wondrous glory. The waters of the lake and surrounding trout streams are fairly teeming with game fish of the best varieties. Do you enjoy bathing, boating, Ashing, hunting T Do you enjoy roaming through the woods picking This illustration wild flowers and wild berries T shows Parten front Do you want a place to go wbere you can build up Half Wig. Price $6.75 your health, vitality, energy and business efficiency? Do yoj enjoy mingling with the active, thinking, / progressive people of the day—people who do things? * Do you believe In progress and do you want to / have a part in one of the most progressive move- * Natural Hair Wigs This Uuutrat'o merit* of the time? Surely 1 y shows "A" wig Price SI2.50. Then you will be Interested In. and want to J* Direct from the Manufacturer own a lot of your own In Beautiful Idlewlld, jf Michigan. If you act at once you can se- ­ Made according to your measurement, cure a beautiful lot for only 135.tt each: / $6.00 cash; $1.00 per week. When your 9 either wavy or crimpy hair. Can be payments are completed the lot will bt / combed and dressed, and cannot be de­ transferred to you by an absolute ' warranty deed with abstract show- J > tected from a person's own head of Inn clear title. hair. I also make Transformations, Good live energetic / Switches, Puffs, and other articles. agents wanted Large assortment of hair nets, pincers and hairdressers' supplies. Idle wild Resort Write fnr free catalog. Company ALEX MARKS 1110 Hartford Bldg So. Dearborn Si. ,

662-C 8th Ave., at 42d St., New York, N. Y. Chicag., D. /> tf

Mention TH E CRISIS. 96 THE CRISIS ADVERTISER

NATIONAL CAPITAL CODE OF ETIQUETTE Combined with SHORT STORIES FOR COLORED PEOPLE ETIQUETTE PART i A Book absolutely in a class by itself. Interesting, instructive, handsomely illustrated. Wonderful pic­ tures of Washington's prominent colored Society leaders on the street; at the Theatre; at Church; in the Home; at Receptions, Balls. Parties, Wed­ dings, Dinners, &c, &c. The illustrations are so perfect and natural that the well bred, correctly clothed men and women almost speak to you. Learn how to dress and conduct yourself on any and all occasions; correct dress for men and women; suggestions in colors and materials for the ladies; hints as to footwear, hats, appropriate com­ binations, &c, for both sexes. What to serve your guests at breakfast, lunch or dinner. How to converse intelligently; how to know when to talk and when to remain silent; how to make friends and gain popularity. A book that will help the most prominent member of society or the most humble.

STORIES PART 2 A wonderful collection of Short Sto­ ries for Young and Old. Stories that will hold your attention from start to finish. By the most famous colored writer of Short Stories in America.

Stories of Adventure Stories of Pluck Stories of Bravery Stories of Success Stories of School Days Stories of Great Men

Stories for Father, Mother or the Chil­ dren. Funny Stories; Stories that will bring the tears to your eyes; Stories once started must be finished before laying aside the book. Handsomely il­ lustrated—pictures that seem to live throughout the story. Illustrating Table Manners A Book you will want Must have in your home Agents Wanted A most excellent Christmas Gift We are looking for 1000 hustlers, men Over fifty pages of pleasing pictures taken and women. Our offer will pay vou posi­ from best photographs. A BIG BOOK, tively $4 to $9 per day. One agent made containing over 400 pages. The people $21 the first day. Such an oppor­ are much pleased with this new publica­ tunity comes but once in a lifetime. tion and are sending thousands of orders AGENTS' SAMPLE showing specimen to us. Order today. We send by insured pages and the pictures and covers of book, parcel post; return your money if not will be mailed to you for 25 cents. It perfectly satisfied. Price ONLY $2.50. represents exactly the complete book. Write todav. Send 25 cents for agents' outfit to-dav.

AUSTIN JENKINS CO. No. 523 9th STREET, WASHINGTON, D. C.

Mention TH E CRISIS. Let us send you a suit

Made to your measure, payable after received, with the clear understanding that if the fit is not perfect, or if you are not satisfied in every way; if you are not convinced that you have received a fine, high-grade, stylish, splendid-fitting tailored suit made to your measure and have saved at least $15.00 to $20.00, you are not under the slightest obligation to keep it. Don't hesitate or feel timid, simply send the suit back, no cost to you. You are not out one penny. Any money you may have paid us is refunded at once. SEND NO MONEY— just your name. and address for FREE samples and latest styles, beautiful NEW samplebook all sent FREE — if you answer now. All Wool Suits $25.00 SAMPLES FREE Any man, young or old, interested in saving money, who wants to dress well and not feel extravagant, is invited to answer at once and get our free book of cloth samples and latest fashions, with everything explained. Simply mail the coupon, or write letter or postal today, just say, "Send me your samples" and get our whole proposition by return mail. Agents write too, we have a big NEW agency deal for you. Try it, costs you nothing—just a stamp, get the FREE SAMPLES and low prices anyway. Learn something important about dressing well and saving money. Write today. KNICKERBOCKER TAILORING CO.* Dept. 1083. CHICAGO, ILL. -TEAR OUT HERE—MAIL TODAY­ FREE SAMPLE BOOK COUPON

Knickerbocker Tailoring Company, Dept. 10S3. Chicago. 111. Gentlemen: Please send me your complete big book of Samples & Styles showing your all-wool suits as low as $25.00, and Agents big new money-making deal. Everything free and postpaid.

Name

Address ANNOUNCING A NEW POLICY

Nile For Queen Hair Prepara­ and tions Skin

"The Kashmir Way"

AN UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITY For wide-awake people in every community to become shareholders in a successful business. THE KASHMIR CHEMICAL CO. has developed one of the most progressive manufacturing enterprises of its kind among- the Race and offers to investors an opportunity to become a part of a going growing concern, whose conservative management, high class products and widespread advertising have stamped it a leader in its line.

We offer to share the big profits made yearly with in­ vestors because we want to expand our business into every town and city and to have there interested friends who will find it profitable to boost our preparations, take an interest in our affairs and help their money to double itself. If you want to be a part of a live-wire, money-making organization. "Write today for full information to Nile Queen Corpora­ tion, care of KASHMIR CHEMICAL CO. 3423 INDIANA AVE. CHICAGO, ILL.