The Kajaani Process - Processing the Results of the EU-Russia Expert Meeting on Culture

Ministry of Education

Publications of the Ministry of Education, Finland 2006:54

The Kajaani Process

Processing the Results of the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting on Culture

Ministry of Education • Department for Cultural, Sport and Youth Policy • 2007

Министерство образования Финляндии • Департамент по делам культуры, спорта и молодежной политики • 2007 Ministry of Education Department for Cultural, Sport and Youth Policy P.O. Box 29, FIN-00023 Government Finland

Layout: Mari Soini, Yliopistopaino Photo: Erja Kankala Printed by Helsinki University Press, 2007

ISBN 952-485-273-X (pbk.) ISBN 952-485-274-8 (PDF) ISSN 1458-8110

Publications of the Ministry of Education 2006:54 Content Содержание

1. The Continuation of the Kajaani Process, Ms Tanja Saarela, Minister of Culture, Finland 7

1. Продолжение ”процесса Каяни”, Г-жа Таня Саарела, Министр культуры, Финляндия 8

2. Developing the Kajaani Process, including the preparation of the Cooperation Action Plan, Ms Maija Lummepuro, Counsellor for Cultural Affairs, Ministry of Education, Finland 10

2. Развитие “процесса Каяни”, включая подготовку Плана действий по сотрудничеству, Г-жа Майя Луммепуро, Советник по вопросам культуры, Министерство образования Финляндии 16

3. Presidency Conclusions of the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting 23

3. Заключения председательства Совещания экспертов ЕС-Россия в Каяни 25

4. Recommendations from the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting 27

4.1. Continuation of the Kajaani process and preparation of the Cooperation Action Plan 27 4.2. Actors and policies 28 4.2.1. European Union - Programmes and Policies 28 4.2.2. Russia 29 4.2.3. Regional Councils and the Northern Dimension 31 4.2.4. Networks 32 4.2.5. NGOs 33 4.2.6. Other Actors 33 4.3. Some existing models for cooperation 34 4.4. Key ﬁ elds and forms of cooperation 35 4.5. Improving the preconditions for cooperation 37

5. Speeches from the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting 38

5. Доклады Совещания экспертов ЕС-Россия в Каяни 38

5.1. Speeches from the Opening Session of the Meeting: 5.1. Доклады Первого пленарного заседания Совещания: Welcome and Objectives of the Meeting, Ms Tanja Saarela, Minister of Culture, Finland 38 Приветствие и цели Совецания, Г-жа Таня Саарела, Министр культуры, Финляндия 46 Russia’s view on the EU-Russia Road Map on the Common Space of Research and Education, including Cultural Aspects, Mr Aleksandr Sokolov, Minister of Culture and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation 54 Дорожная карта ЕС – Россия по общему пространству в области науки и образования, включая культурные аспекты, с точки зрения России, Г-н Александр Сергеевич Соколов, Министр культуры и массовых коммуникаций Российской Федерации 58 Culture and Economy, European Identity on Global markets, Ms Paula Lehtomäki, Minister for Foreign Trade and Development, Finland 63

Cultural Cooperation between EU and Russia, Mr Vladimir Šucha, Director for Culture and Communication, Education and Culture Directorate General, European Commission 65

EU-Russia Road Map on the Common Space of Research and Education, including Cultural Aspects, Mr John Penny, Principal Administrator, External Relations Directorate General, European Commission 66

5.2. Other speeches from the Expert Meeting: 5.2. Другие доклады Совещания экспертов

Promotion of Artistic and Cultural Projects with an European Dimension, Ms Riitta Kaivosoja, Director General, Department for Cultural, Sport and Youth Policy, Ministry of Education, Finland 69

The New Northern Dimension Policy: Regional Reﬂ ections of the Common Spaces, Ms Maimo Henriksson, Head of Unit, Unit for the Northern Dimension, Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Finland 75 Новая Политика «Северного Измерения»: Региональное Выражение Общих Пространст, Г-жа Маймо Хенрикссон, начальник отдела «Северного измерения» МИД Финляндии 80

6. Putting cultural cooperation into practice: Actors, Policies and Funding 84

6.1. Actors and policies 84 6.1.1. European Union programmes 84 Culture 2007 programme 84 Media 2007 programme 87 The European Year of Intercultural Dialogue 2008 88 Citizens for Europe programme 89 Erasmus Mundus - External Cooperation Window 89 Institution Building Partnership Programme (TACIS-IBPP), a speciﬁ c call for proposals in spring 2007 90 European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI) 90 6.1.2. Regional councils 92 Arctic Council 92 Council of the Baltic Sea States 93 Ars Baltica 93 Monitoring Group on Heritage Cooperation 94 Committee on Culture of the Barents region 95 The Nordic Council of Ministers 96 6.1.3. Networks 97 European Union National Institutes for Culture - EUNIC 97 Cultural Contact Points 98 European Heritage Network (HEREIN) 100 Eurimages 100 6.1.4.Other Actors 101 Council of Europe 101 UNESCO 102

6.2. Funding 103

Appendix 1: Article 85 of the Partnership and Co-operation Agreement (PCA) between EU and Russia 105 Приложение 1: Соглашение о партнерстве и сотрудничестве, Статья 85 106

Appendix 2: Road Map for the Common Space of Research and Education, Including Cultural Aspects 107 Приложение 2: «Дорожная карта» по общему пространству науки и образования, включая культурные аспекты 108

Appendix 3: Possible Elements for inclusion in the Cooperation Action Plan 110 Приложение 3: Возможные элементы Плана действий по сотрудничеству 122

Appendix 4: List of Participants and Guests of the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting 141 Приложение 4: Список участников и гостей совещания экспертов в Каяни 144

1. The Continuation of the Kajaani Process

The relations between the European Union and countries, the Baltic Sea Region and Russia as part of Russia are among the priorities of the Finnish EU the implementation of the Cooperation Action Plan. Presidency, in terms of both the visibility of culture In my opinion, the results of the Kajaani meeting and the aims set for the EU’s external relations. In will be a great boost to culture. In EU-Russia rela- September 2006 we arranged an expert meeting on tions, culture has not played any real role up to now, EU-Russian cultural relations with a view to step- for lack of cooperation instruments − a programme ping up the implementation of the Road Map de- and a decision-making body (Permanent Partnership vised for these relations and strengthening cultural Council). Now culture has been given visibility, and contacts between EU Member States. the cultural fi eld will be better equipped to cher- Thanks to close cooperation between the Com- ish and develop our common European cultural mission, the next Presidency, Germany, and the heritage. I take this opportunity to commend our Finnish preparation team, the meeting succeeded strategic partner in the Russian Federation, Minister well in achieving its goal. According to the Conclu- of Culture and Mass Communications Alexander sions adopted, a Cooperation Action Plan will be Sokolov, for his active contribution in promoting put in place for the implementation of the Culture cultural EU-Russia cooperation. Road Map. The work on it began immediately. The The EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting launched meeting rapporteurs have been making prepara- the Kajaani process, in which the EU countries, the tions for a Joint Working Group to be set up for the Commission, the Northern Dimension partners and purpose. As Minister of Culture of the Presidency, Russia and their cultural actors will together draw I have requested the Commissioners responsible up a Cooperation Action Plan. The fi rst leg of the for EU external relations, culture and AV matters, Kajaani process will have been navigated when the the Foreign Minister of Germany and the Russian fi rst Permanent Partnership Council of ministers of Minister of Culture and Mass Communications to culture convenes. The process will go on even after appoint their representatives to the Joint Working this. The plan will be reviewed and revised, the Group, which will devise a concrete Cooperation cooperation networks will be built up, new projects Action Plan in the course of 2007, if possible. The will be put in place − all for the good of culture, Plan is projected to be adopted by the fi rst EU-Rus- which will fl ourish! sia Permanent Partnership Council of ministers of culture, which could meet during the Portuguese Presidency, if the Action Plan is completed by then. Tanja Saarela The Nordic countries are actively cooperating Minister of Culture with Russia in the fi eld of culture. In the Northern Dimension area, which also includes Norway and Iceland after the decision of the Helsinki Summit (24 Nov. 2006), stakeholders are keen to develop northern cultural partnerships between the Nordic

7 1. Продолжение ”процесса Каяни”

Отношения между Россией и Европейским Союзом партнерства России и ЕС. В случае готовности этого входят в число ключевых вопросов в период предсе- Плана заседание Совета может быть проведено в пе- дательства Финляндии в ЕС, что способствует также риод председательства Португалии в Евросоюзе. и повышению роли культурной составляющей в ходе Северные страны активно участвуют в культур- реализации внешнеполитических целей. В сентябре ном сотрудничестве с Россией. В регионе «Северно- 2006 года в финском городе Каяни состоялось сове- го измерения», который по решению Хельсинкского щание экспертов ЕС и России по реализации куль- Саммита (24.11.2006) включает теперь также Норве- турных аспектов дорожной карты четвертого обще- гию и Исландию, накоплен значительный потенци- го пространства. Целями этого мероприятия были ал для дальнейшего развития северного культурного ускорение реализации дорожной карты по культуре партнерства между Россией, Северными странами и и укрепление культурных связей между Россией и государствами Балтийского моря как части процесса странами Евросоюза. реализации Плана действий по сотрудничеству. Поставленные перед совещанием задачи были Я считаю, что результаты совещания в Каяни име- успешно выполнены благодаря плодотворному со- ют весьма важное значение с точки зрения развития трудничеству Российской Федерации, Комиссии партнерства в области культуры. Ранее в рамках со- Евросоюза, следующей страны-председателя ЕС трудничества России и Евросоюза культура не за- Германии и финских организаторов мероприятия. В нимала реально прочных позиций в связи с отсутс- заключительных документах совещания было конс- твием инструментов сотрудничества, т.е. Плана и татировано, что реализация дорожной карты в об- системы принятия решений (Постоянный совет пар- ласти культуры начнется с составления Плана дейс- тнерства). Однако теперь культуре уделяется серь - твий по сотрудничеству. К разработке этого доку- езное внимание, что расширяет ее возможности для мента стороны приступили сразу после совещания. сохранения и развития европейского культурного Начиная с октября 2006 года, рапортеры совещания наследия. В этой связи мне хотелось бы выразить занимались подготовительной работой, связанной с свою глубокую признательность стратегическому создаваемой Совместной рабочей группой. Как ми- партнеру Евросоюза – министерству культуры и нистр культуры страны, председательствующей в массовых коммуникаций Российской Федерации в этом году в ЕС, я обратилась к министру культуры лице г-на Соколова, который, со своей стороны, ак- и массовых коммуникаций Российской Федерации, тивно содействует партнерству в сфере культуры. комиссару Еврокомиссии по культуре, образованию Совещание экспертов в городе Каяни стало на- и внешним связям и министру иностранных дел чалом «процесса Каяни», в ходе которого Россия, Федеративной Республики Германии с просьбой о страны Евросоюза, Еврокомиссия, партнеры по «Се- назначении своих представителей в Рабочую группу верному измерению» и деятели культуры перечис- в качестве ее ключевых членов. Рабочая группа уже ленных сторон совместно подготовят План действий в течение следующего года могла бы приступить к по сотрудничеству. Первый этап «процесса Каяни» разработке конкретного Плана действий по сотруд- завершится первым заседанием Постоянного сове- ничеству, который планируется утвердить на пер- та партнерства России и ЕС в области культуры, на вом же предстоящем заседании Постоянного совета которое соберутся министры культуры стран-парт-

8 неров. Планируется активно продолжить «процесс Каяни» и по окончании этого заседания. Пусть об- новление Плана действий, укрепление партнерских сетей и разработка новых проектов будут служить процветанию культуры и в дальнейшем!

Танья Саарела Министр культуры Финляндии

9 2. Developing the Kajaani Process, including the preparation of the Cooperation Action Plan

Ms Maija Lummepuro, Counsellor for Cultural Affairs, Ministry of Education, Finland

Background Road Maps

In 1997 the EU and Russia concluded an extensive In the Common Spaces, strategic partnerships are Cooperation and Partnership Agreement, in which advanced by means of Road Maps adopted at the Article 85 concerns culture. The Agreement will be Moscow Summit in 2005, one of which is for cul- in force for ten years. After 2007 it will be extended ture. The Culture Road Map is concise and general for one year at a time, until it is replaced by a new by nature. It sets an aim to develop structures for legal agreement on the relations. In recent years the the expanding EU-Russia cooperation with a view EU and Russia have developed their partnership and to increasing creativity and artist mobility, access to deﬁ ned strategically important areas of action and culture, intercultural dialogue, and knowledge of common values determining the implementation of European cultural heritage and history. Another aim the new partnership. (Appendix 1) is to develop cultural industries in the EU and Rus- sia in order to enhance the impact of these economies and cultures. The Culture Road Map states Four Common Spaces that, for the purpose of achieving the aims, the EU and Russia can explore possibilities to develop an At their Summit in St Petersburg in 2003, the EU action programme for culture within the framework and Russia agreed on four Common Spaces, the of the relevant EU external relations instrument. fourth of which concerns research, education and (Appendix 2) culture. Its aim is to create a common area of education and culture with a view to strengthening people-to-people contacts, promoting common values EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting and boosting the competitiveness of the EU and and its results Russian economies. Owing to geographical proximity, Finland and Rus- sia have long-term cultural contacts, which have varied considerably for historical reasons both in quantity and in quality. In a peace treaty concluded between Sweden and Russia in 1809, Finland was

10 annexed to the Russian Empire as an autonomous tic Sea regions. The meeting also heard about im- Grand Duchy. The era of autonomy meant the portant cultural policy initiatives of the Council of burgeoning of Finland as a nation and its economy. Europe and UNESCO relating to European culture Finland also benefi ted from its proximity to the and multiculturalism. metropolis of St Petersburg. In 1917 Finland be- The meeting secretariat recorded the recommen- came independent. The cultural relations with the dations for cooperation put forward in the contribu- Soviet Union narrowed and became formalised. tions and comments and compiled them into the After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, even these Recommendations from the Kajaani Meeting, which formal contacts were severed, until cultural actors outline how EU-Russia cooperation can be further on both sides of the border began to develop cul- developed and what elements it could include. The tural interaction on a new basis in the late 1990s. Recommendations look at the promotion and im- On the strength of the experience gained and the plementation of the Kajaani Process in terms of trust evolving between Finland and Russia in recent actors and policies, regional cultural organisations, years, Finland put the development of cultural coop- networks, civic organisations, existing cooperation eration between the EU and Russia on the Finnish models, key fi elds and forms of cooperation, and EU Presidency agenda. resources available for cooperation. The Recom- Finland arranged an EU-Russia expert meting on mendations, summarising the points made in the culture in Kajaani on 18 and 19 September 2006. keynote and other addresses, can be further sup- The purpose of the meeting was to enhance the vis- plemented and used in the drafting of an EU-Russia ibility and status of culture in the EU-Russia stra- Cooperation Action Plan. tegic partnership and in the implementation of the The meeting achieved the aims set for it. The Culture Road Map. overall fi ndings were presented in the Presidency The Kajaani Meeting convened a number of sen- Conclusions, according to which EU-Russia cultural ior cultural and external relations offi cials from the cooperation must make use of existing networks and EU countries, the EU Commission and Russia and good practices and applicable funding instruments. directors of intergovernmental regional organisa- An action plan is to be drawn up for the implemen- tions and European cultural networks. There were tation of the cooperation, and a joint EU-Russia keynote and other presentations on the current state working group will be set up for the purpose. If the of EU-Russia strategic partnership and cultural co- Cooperation Action Plan is completed in time, it operation, the development of European identity, will be submitted to the fi rst Permanent Partnership and the competitiveness of culture and the creative Council (PPC) on Culture, which will adopt it dur- economy on the world market. ing 2007, if possible. The Recommendations and The meeting heard presentations of joint projects Conclusions can be accessed at the Kajaani Process in the art and culture fi eld, cooperation on cultural web site. heritage between museums, cooperation between art universities and institutes and cooperation in the audiovisual fi eld. On the second day the meeting Preparation by Rapporteurs and the discussed possibilities offered by the new Northern joint EU-Russia working group Dimension policy for implementing the Culture Road Map. There are four intergovernmental re- For the preparation of the Kajaani Meeting, Finland gional councils in the area concerned: the Arctic set up a group of Rapporteurs composed of the rep- Council, the Barents-Euro-Arctic Council, the resentatives of the Commission Directorates General Council of the Baltic Sea States and the Nordic responsible for culture and external relations, the Council of Ministers. All of these are major players next Presidency Germany, Russia and Finland. The in the development of culture in the arctic and Bal- group met three times before the Kajaani Meeting

11 to prepare the programme, defi ne cultural policy Integration of EU-Russia cultural aims and draft the conclusions. cooperation as part of European To follow up the good results achieved at the cooperation Kajaani Meeting, the Finnish Presidency convened the Rapporteurs on 12 October to launch the action The working groups subordinate to the European proposed in the Conclusions and Recommendations. Council were informed of the results and conclu- The term Cooperation Action Plan was seen to indi- sions of the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting. cate the most concrete action possible, which can be The results were discussed by Eastern Europe supplemented with new initiatives arising from the and Central Asia Working Group (COEST) and needs of the cultural fi eld and the premises of cultural by Committee on Cultural Affairs (CAC) on 21 actors. September 2006 and by the Audiovisual Working After the Kajaani Meeting, the Presidency request- Party on 17 October 2006. Russia has informed its ed the Commission’s Directorates General of Educa- Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications and tion and Culture, Information Society and Media agencies subordinate to it, its Foreign Ministry and and External Relations, the next Presidency Germany the Presidential Executive Offi ce about the Kajaani and the Russian Federation to nominate their repre- results. The Presidency presented its Conclusions at sentatives to the joint EU-Russia working group. The the Education, Youth and Culture Council on 13 group will carry on the Kajaani Process by prepar- November 2006. The results were also conveyed to ing the Cooperation Action Plan. By coordinating those preparing the 19th EU-Russia Summit, which, and implementing the plan, the group will promote convening in Helsinki on 24 November 2006, com- cultural dialogue between the EU and Russia and mended the progress made in the fi eld of cultural cooperation between cultural actors in EU countries cooperation. The European Parliament was also and Russia. informed about this development of EU-Russia cul- This Joint Working Group will be open to all tural cooperation in December 2006. EU Member States. In future, all interested Mem- Open and interactive measures are the best way ber States can nominate their representatives to the to promote the participation of new actors and the group. Every EU Presidency is hoped to make new inclusion of best practices in EU-Russia cultural input into the development of content and proce- cooperation. In future the Council and its working dures. groups and Russian offi cials will be regularly kept At their last meeting on 12 December, the Rap- up to date on the work of the Joint Working Group. porteurs noted that the Kajaani Recommendations Cultural actors can obtain information about should be used as material in the drafting of the Co- progress in the work at the Kajaani Process web site operation Action Plan. The Rapporteurs’ work will and in meetings and seminars arranged by different be carried on by the Joint Working Group, which stakeholders. will also focus on developing cultural dialogue between the EU and Russia. Preparation of EU-Russia Cooperation Action Plan

The preparation of the EU-Russia Cooperation Ac- tion Plan could be based on the following Table, which summarises the Kajaani Recommendations concerning (1) ways to carry on the Kajaani Process and the projected content of the Cooperation Action Plan; (2) cultural actors and policies as part of the Kajaani Process; (3) the role of the EU and Rus- 12 sia in European culture; (4) the regional Councils and the Northern Dimension as part of EU-Rus- Practical implementation of the sia cultural cooperation;, (5) cooperation between Kajaani Process networks; (6) cooperation between civic organisations; (7) the use of existing forms of cooperation in The preparation and implementation of the Kajaani EU-Russia cultural cooperation; (8) the inclusion of Process and the Cooperation Action Plan can be de- key fi elds and cooperation procedures in EU-Russia picted with the following Figure. The Kajaani Meet- cultural cooperation. The Table contains 42 rec- ing began the expert work leading to the Presidency ommendations made at Kajaani; their inclusion in conclusions, which in turn guide the work of the the Cooperation Action Plan has not yet been con- projected EU-Russia Joint Working Group in devis- fi rmed. The proposals were discussed by the Rap- ing an EU-Russia Cooperation Action Plan and in porteurs at their third meeting on 16 October 2006, promoting EU-Russia cultural cooperation and Eu- where 16 different stakeholders were identifi ed. It ropean cultural identity. The Kajaani Process is in- was decided that the Finnish Presidency will propose fl uenced by the general and cultural policy aims set to the Nordic Council of Ministers and the other in the fourth Common Space and the Culture Road regional Councils that they arrange seminars in Map; the cultural policies of the EU countries; the 2007 with a view to determining the basis on which EU Commission’s and Russian cultural policies and the Nordic countries and Russia, on the one hand, programmes; and a number of cultural actors and and the regional Councils and Russia, on the other, networks in EU countries and Russia. The latter are will prepare their proposals for cultural cooperation both objects and subjects: it is their cooperation that to be included in the EU-Russia Cooperation Action the Action Plan seeks to promote and the projects Plan. The idea of a seminar was supported by the generated will be carried out by them. An important Nordic Council of Ministers at its meeting in Kirk- aim is to remove obstacles to cooperation through enäs on 16 October 2006 and by the Ars Baltica better exchange of information between the EU and network at its meeting on 27-28 November 2006. Russia, increased mobility of cultural actors and The Table is intended to help the Joint Working wider access to cultural products. Measures to chart Group in implementing and following up the deci- the resource base of cultural cooperation and to sions taken on the basis of the Recommendations. improve the economic prerequisites through closer (Appendix 3) cooperation between creative fi elds and business will The projected Joint Working Group will review contribute to the competitiveness of European cul- these Recommendations, identify the actors suggest- tural products. ed and ask for their cooperation proposals, which The EU-Russia Cooperation Action Plan is pro- are then included in the Cooperation Action Plan. jected to be ready by the end of 2007. If this suc- The actors will also be encouraged to be active in ceeds, the fi rst PPC on Culture could adopt it at its proposing further action for inclusion in the Coop- fi rst meeting during the Portuguese Presidency. eration Action Plan. Active contacts with and between European cultural organisations and networks will enhance the visibility of the projected cooperation and Coopera- tion Action Plan and step up interaction between different actors. At the same time, it will increase the sharing of information between the cultural administrations and actors in EU countries and Russia. The lack of information is often cited as a barrier to cooperation.

13 KAJAANI, 18–19 SEPTEMBER 2006 EU-Russia Expert meeting on the Implementation of the Cultural Aspects of the Road Map for the Fourth Common Space

Decision-making Actors in the Presidency cultural ﬁ eld Conclusions and Cultural policies Recommendations EU programmes

EU Commission EU countries

collaboration Russia in in

Appointment of the collaboration Joint Working Group EU-Russia Joint Working Group

EU-Russia Draft Permanent Partner- Cooperation ship Council on Culture Action Plan

Cooperation Action Plan - subject to need-based updating

Unidentiﬁ ed actors and needs

Identiﬁ ed actors and needs

Structure of Cooperation Cooperation Action Plan must be reviewed and de- Action Plan veloped in response to changes in the operating environment and subjected to the approval of the PPC. The Cooperation Action Plan must be such in struc- It must be informed by the policies governing culture that it takes the Kajaani Process effi ciently for- tural life in the EU, in EU countries and in Russia wards and refl ects the key principles underpinning and take account of the fi nancing sources available the action. The Plan must accommodate the general for EU-Russia cooperation. The aim is to develop and policy aims of the Culture Road Map and indi- forms of action that remove obstacles to cooperation cate concrete measures promoting these aims. The and promote cross-sectoral cooperation. 14 Aim • The Cooperation Action Plan will contain concrete measures geared to promote the general and cultural policy aims set in the Fourth Common Space and the Culture Road Map. • To facilitate art and cultural projects, wide-range cooperation between museums on cultural heritage, cooperation between art universities and art institutes, AV cooperation.

Procedure The Kajaani Process • networks cultural actors, intensiﬁ es the exchange of information and generates projects • promotes cultural dialogue between the EU and Russian cultural administrations • The Cooperation Action Plan is not ﬁ xed but is reviewed and updated by the Joint Working Group in response to changing operating environment. • New lines of action and changes in the Cooperation Action Plan are periodically approved by the PPC on Culture

Policies and • EU-Russia Partnership and Cooperation Agreement programmes • EU-Russia Strategic Partnership governing cooperation • Northern Dimension Declaration and policy outlined in it • EU cultural programmes and external relations instruments • Other possible documents

Actors • EU countries and Russia • ND countries, incl. Iceland and Norway • Regional bodies: Arctic Council, Barents-Euro-Arctic Council, Council of the Baltic Sea States, Nordic Council of Ministers • Existing European networks on arts and culture and new ones to be created • Non-governmental organisations • Individual cultural actors

Funding • With a view to implementation, it is important, as noted in the Road Map, that the Cooperation Action Plan is jointly developed using relevant EU external relations instruments, relevant government funding instruments in Member States and Russia, contributions from other donors and civil society actors, and other available resources as appropriate.

Removing obstacles • Promotion of mobility • Increased sharing of information • Work against piratism - Enforcement

15 2. Развитие “процесса Каяни”, включая под- готовку Плана действий по сотрудничеству Г-жа Майя Луммепуро, Советник по вопросам культуры, Министерство образования Финляндии

История вопроса Дорожные карты

В 1997 году между ЕС и Россией было заключено об- На Московском 2005 года Саммите Россия-ЕС была ширное Соглашение о партнерстве и сотрудничестве согласована реализация стратегического партнерс- (СПС), статья 85 которого касается сотрудничества тва на основе «дорожных карт», из которых одна в сфере культуры. Срок действия СПС составляет является «дорожной картой» в сфере культуры. 10 лет. После 2007 года СПС будут продлеваться «Дорожная карта» по культуре является кратким до- ежегодно до заключения нового соглашения о пра- кументом общего характера, предназначенным для вовых основах сотрудничества ЕС-Россия. В 2000-е выработки и совершенствования структур расши- гг. ЕС ии Россия вел обновление своего партнерства, рившегося сотрудничества ЕС и России в области определив важнейшие стратегические направления культуры, способствующих развитию творческого деятельности и общие ценности, на основе которых потенциала, мобильности деятелей культуры, до- будет реализовываться новое стратегическое парт- ступности достижений культуры, диалога культур, нерство. См. Приложение 1. а также наследия и истории Европейской культу- ры. «Дорожная карта» нацелена на развитие знания культур ЕС и России для повышения взаимовлияния Четыре общих обеих культур и экономик. «Дорожная карта» пре- пространства дусматривает для исполнения поставленных в ней задач изучение возможности создания Плана дейс- На Санкт-Петербургском 2003 года Саммите Россия- твий в сфере культуры в рамках соответствующего ЕС были согласованы четыре Общих пространства, инструмента внешних сношений ЕС. См. Приложе- из которых четвертое касается научно-исследова- ние 2. тельской сферы, образования и культуры. Постав- лена задача посредством более тесного сотрудничес- тва создать общее пространство образования, науки и культуры, которое будет способствовать укрепле- нию прямых контактов между людьми, продвиже- нию общих ценностей и росту конкурентоспособ- ности экономики ЕС и России.

16 Совещание экспертов ЕС- ре искусства и культуры, межмузейным связям в Россия в Каяни в сфере области культурного наследия, сотрудничеству культуры и его результаты творческих вузов и учебных заведений, а также вза- имодействию в аудиовизуальной отрасли и кинема- Ввиду географической близости культурные связи тографии. Во второй день Совещания центральное Финляндии и России отличаются интенсивностью, место заняла тема возможностей сотрудничества, несмотря на значительные перепады ввиду истори- предоставляемых политикой «Северного Измере- ческих причин, как по объему, так и по качеству. ния», по региональной реализации четвертого Об- По условиям Мирного договора 1809 года между щего пространства и «дорожной карты» в сфере Швецией и Россией территория Финляндии была культуры. В регионе действует четыре межправи- присоединена в качестве автономного Великого тельственных региональных форума – Арктический княжества к России. Период автономии означал для Совет, совет Баренцева Евро-Арктического региона, Финляндии и ее экономики эпоху подъема и расцве- Баренцев региональный Комитет по культуре, Со- та, когда Финляндия пользовалась и преимущест- вет государств Балтийского моря, Совет министров вами близкого соседства с культурной метрополией Северных стран, которые все играют важную роль – С.Петербургом. В 1917 году Финляндия обрела в развитии культуры стран-членов в регионе Евро- независимость. Культурные связи с СССР отлича- пейского Севера и Балтики. На Совещании также лись более узким и формальным характером. После были освещены основные культурно-политические распада СССР произошло сужение и этих связей, по- инициативы Совета Европы и ЮНЕСКО в области ка в 90-е гг. не началось развитие культурного вза- европейской культуры и поликультурности. имодействия силами новых сторон и структур и на Секретариатом Совещания были зафиксированы новой основе. Опыт культурного сотрудничества и предложения по сотрудничеству, выдвинутые участ- доверие между Финляндией и Россией, накопленные никами, и на этой основе были составлены Рекомен- за последние годы, превратили развитие культурно- дации Совещания экспертов ЕС-Россия в Каяни. Ре- го сотрудничества между ЕС и Россией в элемент комендации содержат обзор взгляда специалистов и программы Председательства Финляндии в ЕС. экспертов на пути дальнейшего развития сотрудни- В период Председательства Финляндии в ЕС в чества между Россией и ЕС и на возможные состав- г. Каяни 18 – 19 сентября состоялось Совещание ные элементы такого сотрудничества. В рекоменда- экспертов ЕС-Россия в области культуры с целью циях отражено продвижение и реализация “процес- повышения статуса и роли культуры в реализации са Каяни” с точки зрения важнейших европейских стратегического партнерства ЕС-Россия, а также со- структур и политических направлений, региональ- действия реализации четвертой «дорожной карты», ных организаций в сфере культуры, органов сотруд- согласованной между Россией и ЕС. ничества, общественных организаций, имеющихся В Совещании приняли участие ряд высоких офи- моделей сотрудничества, ключевых областей и форм циальных лиц культурных и внешнеполитических сотрудничества, а также условий, поддерживающих органов, руководителей межправительственных реги- сотрудничество и содействующих его осуществле- ональных организаций и европейских структур куль- нию. Рекомендации, составленные из предложений, турного сотрудничества стран ЕС, КЕС и России. На прозвучавших на встрече в выступлениях экспертов Совещании были представлены перспективы страте- и специалистов, в дальнейшем могут быть дополне- гического партнерства и культурного сотрудничества ны и использованы при разработке Плана действий России и ЕС, а также развития культуры, творческих по сотрудничеству ЕС-Россия. сфер экономики, европейского самосознания и конку- Совещание экспертов в сфере культуры вполне рентоспособности в глобальном мире. оправдала поставленные перед ним задачи. Резуль- В программе Совещания состоялись сообщения таты Совещания были представлены в форме заклю- специалистов по проектам сотрудничества в сфе- чений страны-председателя, в котором констатируется

17 целесообразность использования в культурном со- После проведения совещания Финляндия в качес- трудничестве ЕС и России существующие струк- тве страны, председательствующей в ЕС, предложи- туры, новую полезную практику сотрудничества, а ла Гендиректорату КЕС по образованию и культу- также подходящие источники финансирования со- ре, Гендиректорату КЕС по информационному об- трудничества. Для реализации «дорожной карты» ществу и СМИ, Гендиректорату КЕС по внешним следует составить Плана действий, для чего между связям, следующей стране-председателю Германии Россией и ЕС создается совместная рабочая груп- и Российской Федерации назначить своих предста- па. При условии составления такого Плана в срок, вителей в совместную рабочую группу ЕС и России. он должен быть представлен на первом отраслевом Рабочая группа должна продолжить “процесс Кая- Постоянном Совете партнерства Россия-ЕС (ПСП) в ни”, начало которому было положено на Совещании сфере культуры, который в этом случае сможет ут- экспертов ЕС-Россия в Каяни, путем подготовки вердить План в течение 2007 года. Рекомендации и Плана действий между ЕС и Россией, реализация итоги Совещания экспертов ЕС-Россия в Каяни раз- и координирование которого позволит обеспечить мещены на Интернет-сайте “процесса Каяни”. продвижение диалога между культурными ведомс- твами ЕС и России, а также сотрудничества между деятелями, сторонами и организациями культурной Подготовительная работа сферы. рапортеров и формирова- Рабочая группа будет открыта для участия в ней ние совместной рабочей всех стран ЕС. А в дальнейшем все заинтересованные группы в сотрудничестве страны ЕС могут заявлять о жела- нии назначить своего представителя в состав рабочей Для подготовки Совещания экспертов ЕС-Россия в группы. Каждая последующая страна, председатель- Каяни Финляндией была созвана группа рапортеров, ствующая в ЕС, должна внести свой новый вклад в в которую помимо представителей Финляндии бы- развитие содержания и форм сотрудничества. ли приглашены и представители от Гендиректора- На последнем собрании группы рапортеров 12 та КЕС по культуре и внешним связям, следующей декабря 2006 года констатировали, что рекоменда- страны-председателя ЕС – Германии и от России. ции Совещания экспертов ЕС-Россия в Каяни могут До Совещания экспертов ЕС-Россия в Каяни группа быть использованы в качестве базового материала рапортеров провела три совещания для подготовки при подготовке Плана действий ЕС-Россия. Работу программы, культурно-политических задач и итого- рапортеров продолжит совместная рабочая группа, вых документов Совещания экспертов ЕС-Россия в которая начнет свою работу в начале 2007 года и Каяни. внесет свой вклад также в развитие диалога в сфере Учитывая позитивные результаты Совещания культуры между ЕС и Россией. экспертов ЕС-Россия в Каяни, Финляндия приня- ла решение о созыве 12 октября 2006 г. совещания рапортеров в целях запуска сотрудничества в соот- ветствии с итогами и рекомендациями Совещания экспертов ЕС-Россия в Каяни. План действий, как следует и из самого наименования, - рассматрива- ется как документ, направленный на максимально конкретные меры, который, будучи по типу «Дина- мичной Программой сотрудничества» можно будет затем дополнять новыми инициативами, исходящи- ми из потребностей сферы культуры и интересов самих участников этой сферы.

18 Интеграция культурного Подготовка Плана сотрудничества между ЕС действий ЕС-Россия и Россией в европейское культурное сотрудничество В основу подготовки Плана может быть взята табли- ца, составленная исходя из рекомендаций сотрудни- Финляндия, будучи председателем в ЕС, сразу по за- чества, выработанных на Совещании экспертов ЕС- вершении Совещания экспертов ЕС-Россия в Каяни Россия в Каяни, в которую сведены самые основные довела результаты и решения до сведения рабочих предложения по следующим вопросам: 1) продолже- групп Совета ЕС. Результаты встречи рассматрива- ние ”процесса Каяни” и разработка Плана действий; лись на совещании Рабочей группы по Восточной 2) стороны, структуры и политические направления в Европе и Центральной Азии (COEST) и Комитета по сфере культуры; 3) роль ЕС и России в сфере европей- делам культуры (САС) 21 сентября 2006 г., а также ской культуры; 4) региональные форумы и «Северное Рабочей группы по аудиовизуальной сфере. Российс- Измерение» как составные культурного сотрудничес- кая сторона проинформировала о результатах встре- тва между ЕС и Россией; 5) сотрудничество струк- чи Министерство культуры и массовых коммуника- тур взаимодействия и контактов; 6) использование ций РФ и подведомственные ему подразделения, существующих моделей сотрудничества между ЕС и занимающиеся культурой, МИД РФ и Админист- Россией; 7) включение в культурное сотрудничество рацию Президента РФ. Страна-председатель так- ЕС-Россия основных сфер и форм сотрудничества. В же представила свое резюме в Совете ЕС по делам таблице содержится в общем предложениясчете 42 , образования, молодежи и культуры на заседании 13 выдвинутых на Совещании экспертов ЕС-Россия в ноября 2006 г. Результаты Совещания были также Каяни, включение которых в состав Плана действий переданы сторонам, занимавшимся подготовкой пока не утверждено. Рассмотрение предложений на- Саммита Россия-ЕС, состоявшегося в Хельсинки 24 чато 16 октября 2006 г. на совещании рапортеров с оп- ноября 2006 г., на котором ходу развития сотрудни- ределения 16 различных задействованных сторон. На чества в сфере культуры дана позитивная оценка. В совещании также принято решение о том, что стра- период председательства Финляндии информация о на, председательствующая в ЕС, - Финляндия внесет развитии культурного сотрудничества между ЕС и предложение в Совет министров Северных стран и в Россией передавалась также и в Европарламент. региональные форумы о проведении в 2007 году се- Вовлечению в культурное сотрудничество ЕС- минаров, по результатам которых Северные страны и Россия новых участников, сторон и структур наибо- Россия, а также региональные форумы и Россия под- лее эффективно содействует открытый и взаимный готовят свои предложения по сотрудничеству в сфе- формат деятельности. Информация о деятельности ре культуры для включения в состав Плана действий совместной Рабочей группы будет регулярно дово- ЕС-Россия. Предложение Финляндии о проведении диться до сведения Совета ЕС и его рабочих групп, семинаров получило поддержку на совещании СМСС а также органов власти Российской Федерации. От- в Киркенесе, состоявшемся 16 октября 2006 г. Под- раслевые СМИ могут получать информацию о ходе держка проведению семинаров также поступила от “процесса Каяни” на его Интернет-сайте, а также на организации «Арс Балтика» на встрече 27 – 28 ноября мероприятиях, проводимых различными вовлечен- 2006 г. с готовностью прислать своих представителей ными в процесс сторонами. на эти мероприятия. Таблица обеспечивает реализа- цию и контроль принимаемых на основе предложе- ний решений на последующих совещаниях совмест- ной Рабочей группы. См. Приложение 3.

Создаваемая совместная Рабочая группа должна

19 изучить данные предложения, определить выдвину- реплению материальных условий путем, в частнос- тые в предложениях участвующие стороны и выйти ти, более тесного взаимодействия творческой сферы на них для получения их собственных предложений и экономики позволит создавать предпосылки для о сотрудничестве, которые затем могут быть вклю- повышения конкурентоспособности европейской чены в План действий. культурной продукции. Поддержанием контакта с европейскими органи- План действий ЕС-Россия предполагается под- зациями и структурами культурной сферы обеспе- готовить в течение 2007 года. При успешном завер- чивается прозрачность разрабатываемого сотруд- шении этой работы первый СПС в сфере культуры, ничества и содействующей ему Плана действий который состоится в период председательства в ЕС ЕС-Россия, а также повышается взаимодействие Португалии, сможет утвердить План, как и предла- участников и сторон. Одновременно развивается и гается в документах Совещания экспертов ЕС-Рос- расширяется обмен информацией между культурны- сия в Каяни. ми ведомствами и сторонами ЕС и России, дефицит которой зачастую указывается как одно из основных препятствий на пути продвижения сотрудничества. Структура Плана действий сотрудничества ЕС-Россия

Практическая реализация Структура Плана действий должна обеспечивать “процесса Каяни” эффективное продвижение “процесса Каяни” и со- держать основные принципы осуществления. План “Процесс Каяни” и подготовку Плана действий действий должен содержать общие политические и можно представить в виде приведенной ниже схе- культурные цели четвертого Общего пространства и мы. Работа экспертов начата Совещанием экспертов «дорожной карты», а также конкретные меры их до- ЕС-Россия в Каяний, к результате которой возникли стижения. План действий должен оцениваться и со- заключения страны-председателя, задающее направ- вершенствоваться в соответствии с нуждами меня- ление для создаваемой совместной Рабочей группы ющихся условий и проходить утверждение с необхо- ЕС-Россия и ее работы над подготовкой Плана дейс- димыми интервалами в ПСП, состоящем из минист- твий, направленного на развитие сотрудничества ЕС ров культуры. В Плане действий следует учитывать и России в сфере культуры и европейского самосо- основные факторы направляющие политику в сфере знания. На “процесс Каяни” оказывают влияние, с культуры и имеющиеся источники финансирования одной стороны, общие и культурно-политические ЕС, стран ЕС и России. План направлен на разра- цели «дорожной карты» в области культуры и чет- ботку форм деятельности, устраняющих барьеры вертого Общего пространства, политика и програм- на пути сотрудничества, а также способствующих мы стран ЕС, КЕС и России в сфере культуры, а так- межведомственному взаимодействию. же обширное поле деятелей, структур, контактов и сторон стран ЕС и России, условия сотрудничества которых призван укреплять План действий, генери- руя новые проекты и формы работы. Важной зада- чей выступает и устранение барьеров на пути со- трудничества путем увеличения информационных обменов между ЕС и Россией, а также повышения мобильности сторон и участников, действующих в области культуры, и доступности продуктов куль- турной сферы. Продолжение работы по выявлению ресурсной базы культурного сотрудничества и ук-

20 Kaяни 18-19 сентября 2006 Встреча специалистов и экспертов ЕС- Россия по реализации культурных ас- пектов «Дорожной карты» четвертого Общего пространства ЕС-Россия

Выводы, Участники Процедура при- заключения и сферы культуры нятия решений рекомендации страны- Политика председателя ЕС Программы ЕС

КЕС взаимодей- Страны ЕС Россия ствие

взаимодействие- Формирование Совместная рабгруппы Раб группа ЕС-Россия

Проект Плана ПСП по культуре действий со- ЕС-Россия трудничества

План действий -Динамическая программа

Новые или пока невыявленные стороны и участники

Имеющиеся и выявленные стороны и участники

21 Цель • План действий должен содержать конкретные меры, направленные на реализацию общих политических и культурных задач четвертого Общего пространства и «дорожной карты» в сфере культуры • Содействовать, в частности, проектам в сфере культуры и искусства, широкого межмузейного взаимодействия по культурному наследию, сотрудничеству творческих вузов и учебных заведений, сотрудничеству в аудиовизуальной отрасли.

Модель деятельности • ”Процесс Каяни” призван объединять и развивать контакты деятелей и участников культуры, расширять информационный обмен и генерировать новые проекты • ”Процесс Каяни” будет способствовать развитию диалога в области культуры между культурными ведомствами ЕС и России • План действий – по форме – Динамическая рабочая программа, проходящая оценку и корректировку в совместной Рабочей группе с учетом изменений в условиях деятельности • Новые направления и корректировка Плана действий утверждаются с необходимой периодичностью в ПСП в составе министров культуры

Политические • СПС ЕС-Россия решения и программы, • Стратегическое партнерство ЕС-Россия направляющие • Декларация и направления «Северного измерения» деятельность • культурные программы и инструменты внешних сношений ЕС • другие документы

Участвующие стороны • страны ЕС и Россия • страны «Северного Измерения», в т.ч. Исландия и Норвегия • Региональные организации сотрудничества (Арктический Совет, СБЕР, СГБМ, СМСС) • Европейские структуры взаимодействия и контактов в сфере искусства и культуры, а также создание новых структур и контактов • Неправительственные и общественные организации • прочие участники сферы культуры

Финансирование • Для реализации Плана действий сотрудничества важно, как и отмечено в «Дорожной карте», обеспечить совместную разработку Плана с применением соответствующих инструментов внешних сношений ЕС, инструментов финансирования стран ЕС и России, других доноров и сторон гражданского общества, а также прочих доступных ресурсов.

Устранение барьеров • содействие мобильности сотрудничества • расширение информационных обменов • пресечение пиратства и пиратской продукции

22 3. Presidency Conclusions of the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting

EU-RUSSIA KAJAANI The conclusions of the meeting are the following: EXPERT MEETING 1. After the Kajaani Expert Meeting, the descriptions of Implementation of the Culture Road good practices and experiences of bilateral and mul- Map of the fourth Common Space tilateral cooperation presented at the Expert Meeting will be recorded on a list of recommendations and proposals which can be used in the preparation of on 18 and 19 September 2006 in Kajaani the action plan on cooperation between EU Member States and Russia. 2. According to the Kajaani Expert Meeting, it is necessary that cultural cooperation is carried on using The representatives of the European Union existing forms of cooperation and existing networks Member States, the European with the aim of strengthening the European dimen- Commission, Bulgaria and Romania, and the sion and identity as well as cultural diversity. 3. With a view to implementing the aims of the Culture Russian Federation convened in Road Map agreed between the EU and Russia to Kajaani on 18 and 19 September 2006 to strengthening the prerequisites of cooperation, it is deliberate the implementation of the necessary to start drawing up a cooperation action cultural aspects of the Road Maps for the plan under Article 85 of the Partnership and Coop- Fourth Common Space adopted by the eration Agreement. European Union and the Russian Federation on 4. With a view to implementing the cooperation action plan, it is important, as noted in the Road Map, that 10 May 2005. the cooperation action plan is jointly developed using relevant EU external relations instruments, Member State and Russian Government funding instruments, contributions from other donors and civil society actors, and other available resources as appropriate. 5. The recommendations of the Kajaani Expert Meeting will be further developed by a joint working group and a draft cooperation action plan will be presented to a future culture Permanent Partnership Council meeting for consideration in 2007, if possible.

23 Annex

Statements in the context of the The discussions showed also that despite the great Meeting concerning the conclusions interest in the development of cultural cooperation, by the European Commission, it is impossible to raise cultural interaction to a the Russian Federation and the higher level corresponding with the interests of Rus- Federal Republic of Germany sia and EU member countries without a systematic and structured approach, without creating a relevant The European Commission fully associates itself cooperation mechanism. with the conclusions of the Kajaani Expert Meet- The Russian Federation supports the Finnish ing. The European Commission would like to Presidency proposal to create Permanent Partnership reiterate its commitment to the follow-up process Council on Culture and prepare a corresponding initiated today in Finland. We consider also that cooperation action plan. the enhanced cooperation between Member States On behalf of the next EU Presidency, Ambassa- and Russia, via their bilateral cultural programmes, dor Schnelle welcomed the Finnish initiative aimed would contribute to the achievement of the objec- at strengthening the cultural aspects of the Fourth tives of the culture Road Map. In our view the role Common Space. The German Presidency, in of networks of the European cultural institutions is close consultation with all parties concerned, would also of great importance in reaching this goal. further explore concrete possibilities to enhance the The Russian Federation states that the EU-Rus- European dimension of the many forms of success- sia Kajaani Expert Meeting in Kajaani was con- ful bilateral culturalcooperation between EU Mem- ducted in the atmosphere full of creativity and ideas. ber States and Russia which were presented at the Russian-Finnish cooperation experience, including meeting. that within the framework of the Northern Dimen- sion, Barents Euro-Arctic region and Ars-Baltica, demonstrated the potential and perspectives of multilateral and bilateral cooperation between Russia and EU, and can be used in relationship with other EU countries.

24 3. ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЯ СТРАНЫ- ПРЕДСЕДАТЕЛЯ

СОВЕЩАНИЕ ЭКСПЕРТОВ Заключения Совещания: ЕС-РОССИЯ 1. После Совещания в Каяни, описания лучших результатов и опыта двустороннего и многосто- Исполнение ”Культурной роннего сотрудничества, представленные на Со- дорожной карты” по чет- вещании экспертов, будут перенесены в список вертому общему пространс- рекомендаций и предложений, которые, в свою тву очередь, смогут быть использованы при разра- ботке плана действий по сотрудничеству между странами ЕС и Россией. с 18 оп 19 сентября 2006 года в г. 2. Согласно Совещанию экспертов в дальнейшем Каяни сотрудничестве является необходимым исполь- зование действующих форм сотрудничества и Представители стран-членов ЕС, Евро- действующих сетей с целью укрепить как евро- пейское измерение и идентичность, так и куль- пейской комиссии, Болгарии, Румынии турное многообразие. и Российской Федерации договорились 3. Для приведения в исполнение задачи укреплять в Каяни 18-19 сентября 2006 г. о про- предпосылки для сотрудничества, как указано в движении приведения в исполнение культурной дорожной карте, согласованной меж- культурных аспектов дорожной карты ду ЕС и Россией, является чрезвычайно важным по четвертому общему пространству, составление плана действий следуя статье 85 Соглашения о партнерстве и сотрудничестве. принятую Европейским Союзом и Рос- 4. С целью приведения в исполнение плана дейс- сийской Федерацией 10 мая 2005 года. твий по сотрудничеству, важно, как указано в дорожной карте, чтобы план действий по со- трудничеству был разработан совместно, исполь- зуя релевантные инструменты финансирования внешних связей ЕС, инструменты финансирова- ния стран-членов и России, пожертвование дру- гих дарителей и деятелей гражданских обществ и прочих доступных ресурсов. 5. Рекомендации Совещания экспертов будут да- лее разработаны совместной рабочей группой и предварительный план действий по сотруд- ничеству должен быть представлен будущему заседанию Постоянного совета партнерства по культуре, в 2007 году, если возможно.

25 Приложение

Высказывания Европейской комиссии, Российской Федера- ции и Федеральной республи- ки Ге р м а н и и по поводу заклю- чений Совещания экспертов:

Европейская Комиссия полностью согласилась с интересам России и стран-членов ЕС уровень. заключениями Совещания экспертов в Каяни. Она Российская делегация поддерживает предложение выразила свою готовность усилить свой вклад в пос- финского председательства о необходимости форми- ледующий процесс, который был сегодня иницииро- рования Постоянного совета партнерства и подго- ван Финляндией. Мы единого мнения, что продви- товки соответствующего плана действий. нутое сотрудничество между странами-членами и От лица будущего председательства в ЕС, Посол Россией путем двусторонних программ по культуре Шнэлле поприветствовал инициативу Финляндии, будет служить достижению целей, поставленных в которая затрагивает культурные аспекты четвертого культурной дорожной карте. По нашему мнению, общего пространства. Германское председательство, роль сетей европейских культурных институтов яв- обсудив на заключительной беседе со всеми участ- ляется также чрезвычайно важным для достижения вующими сторонами, будет заинтересовано в конк- поставленных целей. ретных возможностях развивать различные формы Российская Федерация констатирует, что совеща- удавшегося двустороннего культурного сотрудни- ние экспертов Россия-ЕС по реализации “четвертой чества в области европейского измерения между дорожной карты” прошло в творческой, наполненной странами-членами ЕС и Россией, которые принима- идеями атмосферы. Представленный опыт сотрудни- ли участие на данном Совещании. чества, в том числе в рамках Северного измерения, БЕАР (Баренцева Евро-Арктического региона) и Арс Балтики, наглядно продемонстрировал возможности и перспективы сотрудничества между Россией и ЕС в многостороннем формате и может быть перенесен на отношения с другими странами ЕС. Вместе с тем, дискуссии показали, что несмотря на большой интерес к развитию культурного сотруд- ничества, без системного и структурированного под- хода, без создания соответствующего механизма со- трудничества невозможно поднять взаимодействие в сфере культуры на достойный, соответствующий

26 4. Recommendations from the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting

The following section consists of recommendations -In order to develop cultural cooperation and con- that the Meeting Secretariat has picked out from the tacts within the common space of culture, political speeches of the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting. dialogue and cooperation between authorities of EU The original proposals have been reworked into the and Russia should be enhanced to the same level as form of recommendations and sent to the speakers it is in other common spaces. and commentators in order to be revised and aug- mented. -Active and functioning cultural cooperation be- It should be emphasised that the list of recom- tween EU and Russia should be built on the basis of mendations is by no means complete. It is based on the Road Map for the Fourth Common Space. the speeches and interventions of the Expert Meet- ing and thus doesn’t represent the position of the -During its Presidency in the second half of 2007 Secretariat. The list doesn’t attempt to cover all the Portugal will strive to develop instruments of EU- possible ﬁ elds and forms of cooperation. Its main Russia cultural cooperation based on the ideas ad- purpose is merely to provide background material vanced by the Participants of the EU-Russia Kajaani for the preparation of the Cooperation Action Plan. Expert Meeting. To make it better serve this end the Secretariat has arranged the recommendations in thematical order. -It is essential to create a Cooperation Action Plan with operational mechanism of partnership. That kind of mechanism could be the Permanent Partner- 4.1. Continuation of the Kajaani ship Council. process and preparation of the Cooperation Action Plan -Cooperation action programme for the Russian Federation could include the promotion of sustain- -Culture should be understood broadly as a phenom- able cultural, social and economic development enon which covers economic activity as part of the through a trans-regional and trans-sectoral ap- creative industries, copyright policy, innovation poli- proach. cy, promotion of creativity and trade liberalization.

27 -Projects which increase the fl ow of information 4.2. Actors and policies about European cultural networks and give prerequisites for Russian organizations to participate in 4.2.1. European Union - these networks should be an integral part of the fu- Programmes and Policies ture Cooperation Action Plan. -The European Commission has already been involved -One of the priorities of the future Cooperation Ac- in several cooperation projects with Russian part- tion Plan should be the promotion of public-private ners. The 10th anniversary of the EU-Russia Part- projects. nership and Cooperation Agreement and the 50th anniversary of the Treaty of Rome in 2007 should -Regional organizations’ experiences of cooperation be taken into account in the cultural cooperation should be utilized in the execution of the Coopera- between EU and Russia. tion Action Plan. -Article 5.2. of the Culture 2007 programme opens -The Rapporteurs of the Kajaani Meeting should the possibility for third countries to be full part- continue their meetings as an open working group. ners of the programme, provided that they fulfi l There should be a clear timetable, clear modes of the following two conditions: there must be a legal operation and a survey of the possible sources of base for cooperation, and the countries in question fi nancing, covering the EU Member States, the Rus- must contribute to the fi nancing of the programme. sian Federation and the European Commission. This contribution consists of an entry ticket and a payment of a part of the total budget of the pro- -Member States, Russia, private foundations and gramme. Russia can take part in the projects as one business sponsorships provide important sources of partner, fi nancing its own share of the costs. funding for cultural cooperation. Cooperation Ac- tion Plan should include a part on fi nancing. -The Cultural Contact Points promote the implementation of the European Union Culture Programme -All appropriate multilateral fi nancing instruments in the national level by exchanging information and in the EU and Russia should be developed and uti- advising the cultural organisations in each country lized. Synergy between national and multinational on the application process and project planning in sources of funding should be promoted in order to general when needed. The Cultural Contact Points support cultural cooperation. also form a network, which enables them to share information and experiences of best practices in -The proposals submitted to Commissioner Figel’ different countries. The Contact Points continue by Minister Sokolov on 22.6.2006 should be closely promoting the implementation of the new EU pro- examined by experts. grammes in the period 2007-2013.

-The possibility of opening the network of Cultural Contact Points and the operators in the Member States for cultural actors from Russia should be in- vestigated, as well as the possibilities for cooperation between EU and Russia in the execution of the Cul- ture 2007 programme.

28 -It has been proposed to open the participation 4.2.2. Russia in the new EU MEDIA programme for the period -In planning the mutual projects and Cooperation 2007-2013 to a number of third countries fulﬁ lling Action Plan we should take full advantage of the certain conditions - the Russian Federation should creative, ethnocultural and ﬁ nancial potential of the determine its attitude to these conditions. Russian regions.

-The promotion of the cooperation in the Audiovis- -The Russian Federation should join the European ual fi eld is closely related to a convergence of policy Heritage Network (Herein Information System) objectives and, in this context, compatibility of rele- which helps to provide indicators for the sustainable vant policies in the media and audiovisual area with use of cultural heritage and to promote the exchange the EU policy including its international dimension, of good practices for innovative heritage strategies. is a pre-requisite. -Drawing up a plan for the management of historic -Institution Buildig Partnership Programme (TACIS- cities in Russia could be one specifi c aim for coopera- IBPP): In the spring of 2007 a specifi c call for pro- tion in the fi eld of cultural heritage. posals for cultural projects which are in line with the objectives of the Road Map covering the Fourth -The Russian Federation could ratify the Valletta Common Space will be launched for which a budget Convention on the protection of the archaeological of 2 million euros is available. The actors on the heritage and sign the Faro Framework Convention on fi eld should take advantage of this opportunity. the value of cultural heritage for society.

-European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument -The accession of the Russian Federation to the (ENPI): It is important to take advantage of the Eurimages Agreement (the Partial Agreement for the fi nancing possibilities for the common space of cul- European Support Fund for the co-production and ture offered by the new European Neighbourhood distribution of creative cinematographic and audio- and Partnership Instrument. Cooperation Action visual works) should be promoted. Plan should indicate how resources under the ENPI could be committed. -The European Commission has already been involved in several cooperation projects with Russian -Year 2008 will be the European Year of Intercultural partners. The 10th anniversary of the EU-Russia Dialogue. EU and Russia could cooperate in organ- Partnership and Cooperation Agreement and the 50th izing the events of that year, exploiting the synergy anniversary of the Treaty of Rome in 2007 should be thus found also in long-term cooperation after 2008. taken into account in the cultural cooperation between EU and Russia. -The possibilities offered by a North-South dialogue should be exploited in EU-Russia cultural coopera- -Concerning specifi c Council of Europe initiatives tion (the joint exhibition of contemporary Nordic to be implemented, the Cultural Policy Report of the design which is organized in Bulgaria in 2007 and Russian Federation could be included in the Europe- fi nancially supported by the Nordic Council of an Compendium on Cultural Policies which should Ministers could be mentioned as an example). be updated.

-The EU should present its culture in all its diversity -Russia should as adopt the Council of Europe’s not only in the capital, but also in other regions of (CoE) instruments regarding media, and notably Russia, including Kaliningrad. the European Convention on Trans-frontier television. This would be an approximation step that could

29 also enable Russia to meet one of the requirements forms of cooperation with Russia and the possibili- for the participation of third countries in the EU ties for cooperation on civil society level. support mechanisms for the audiovisual sector. The main aims of the forum were to give the NGOs -The different forms of project and network coop- a forum for bringing forward their views and creat- eration promoted by Ars Baltica aim at strengthening their own agenda concerning different issues in ing the identity and cultural diversity of the Baltic EU - Russia dialogue, to produce mutual partner- Sea region. Russian participants have been involved ship, networks and create project ideas for future in many Ars Baltica projects and the Ministry of cooperation and to produce recommendations to Culture and Mass Communications of the Russian EU about developing cooperation between NGOs as federation has promised to appoint a representative well as contacts with citizens. to the Ars Baltica organizing committee. In the future Russian participation in the cooperation should -The status of the European cultural institutes in Rus- be enhanced. sia should be clarifi ed in cooperation with Russian authorities. While preparing a report of its activities for the ministerial conference, Ars Baltica could stress the -The promotion of cooperation in the Audiovisual importance of the cooperation with Russia as well as fi e l d is closely related to a convergence of policy the additional value gained from multilateral coop- objectives and, in this context, compatibility of rele- eration. vant policies in the media and audiovisual area with the EU policy including its international dimension, -Although Russia is a member of the Council of the is a pre-requisite. Baltic Sea States, so far it has not participated in the work of the Monitoring Group. It is suggested Thus in order to facilitate the legislative diffi culties that Russia, following other member states of the connected to co-productions in fi lm and audio- Council of the Baltic Sea States, would name its visual sector, the differences between the legislations representative to the Monitoring Group and its per- in Russia and in each EU Member State should be manent working groups. clarifi ed.

-Grass-root level activities should be promoted and -Cultural tourism plays important economic role in obstacles that are hindering people- to-people coop- the development and utilization of the cultural capi- eration should be removed. tal of Russia. Cultural heritage and values should be included into new tourism programmes which -Cooperation between EU and Russia should take promote international cooperation, e.g. the future advantage of the resources offered by the NGOs. Cooperation Action Plan. The NGOs would also need more funding to ﬁ - nance their activities.

-An NGO forum titled ”Together for the future – Forum on civil society cooperation of European Un- ion and Russia” was held in Lahti, Finland, 17.-18. November 2006. It brought together NGOs and experts from EU countries to discuss together with their most important Russian partners the future

30 4.2.3. Regional Councils and the -Baltic Sea States’ Council of the Ministers of Cul- Northern Dimension ture - Ars Baltica: The different forms of project and -The Northern Dimension Policy, which is part of EU network cooperation promoted by Ars Baltica aim external policies, is being linked to the EU-Russia at strengthening the identity and cultural diversity cooperation through the Four Common Spaces. In of the Baltic Sea region. Russian participants have accordance with the guidelines, approved in Novem- been involved in many Ars Baltica projects and the ber 2005, the Northern Dimension policy will be the Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications of regional reﬂ ection of the Four Common Spaces. The the Russian federation has promised to appoint a Northern Dimension political declaration and frame- representative to the Ars Baltica organizing commit- work document, on which the new policy will be tee. In the future Russian participation in the coop- based, were adopted at a high-level Northern Dimen- eration should be enhanced. sion meeting, which was held on 24 November in Helsinki, in connection with the EU-Russia Summit. -While preparing a report of its activities for the The Northern Dimension offers an already existing ministerial conference, Ars Baltica could stress the tool for quick implementation of cooperation projects importance of the cooperation with Russia as well as especially with Nortwest Russia. the additional value gained from multilateral cooperation. One of the questions at the moment is: Could a Northern Dimension partnership in the ﬁ eld of -Ars Baltica could be one of the executors of the Road culture be useful in enhancing cultural cooperation Map. The aim should be to look for complex solu- between the EU, Russia and other countries in the tions, which would enable various existing networks region? to cooperate in order to achieve the common goals.

-Cultural actors from the Barents region make -Baltic Sea States’ Council of the Ministers of Culture northern dimension visible in the cultural sector. - Monitoring Group on Cultural Heritage: The task Culture’s role in the Northern dimension policy of the Monitoring Group on Cultural Heritage in should be strengthened, since culture has also an the Baltic Sea Region is to promote and develop the increasing economic impact. cooperation, mainly between the responsible national bodies, but also involving other actors. The -During the Russian presidency of the Arctic Council Monitoring Group has initiated four permanent culture was the priority policy fi eld. The member working groups, which cover the fi elds of Under- states’ ministers of culture met in January 2006 in water Heritage, Coastal Culture and Maritime order to promote cultural cooperation in the Arctic Heritage, Building Preservation and Maintenance in region, and an important goal for the Council is to Practice and Sustainable Historic Towns. make this summit a regular event. The projects prepared by the Monitoring Group, -Cultural cooperation between regions, governments dealing with the promotion of sustainable cultural and private actors in the Arctic region should be tourism, cultural heritage education, black archae- developed. ology, preservation of historic parks and gardens, preservation of old manor houses in the Baltic Sea -While developing the culture of the Arctic region region and the conservation of ruins and fortifi ca- as a whole, it is especially important to protect and tions, among other things, should be advanced by support the languages and cultures of the indig- common actions. enous peoples in the region.

31 -Although Russia is a member of the Council of the -The Nordic Council of Ministers has several pro- Baltic Sea States, so far it has not participated in grammes for exchange between Northwest Rus- the work of the Monitoring Group. It is suggested sia and Nordic countries. These include cultural that Russia, following other member states of the exchange for children and young people, exchange Council of the Baltic Sea States, would name its programmes for journalists, civil servants and prac- representative to the Monitoring Group and its per- titioners in cultural management as well as a travel manent working groups. grant programme for professional artists (SLEIP- NIR). -Barents’ Culture Committee: The European view- ing supposes that culture and “people to people” -The Nordic Culture Fund has funded several coop- cultural contacts are the most important factors of eration projects in the Nordic region. economical development and rise of employment level in the Barents Euro-Arctic Region today. The -Institutions in Nordic countries are very keen to movement should be realized in both directions: take part in cooperation in Kaliningrad, where large from cultural development to economical one and projects in the ﬁ eld of culture are already underway. from economical - to cultural. -The Nordic cooperation in the ﬁ eld of culture is -Collaboration in the Barents Euro-Arctic Region currently ongoing a reform. The new structure, in needs EU attention and support. place at the beginning of 2007, will work with thematic programmes which can include possibilities to -The cultural dialogue between the Barents Euro- an international cooperation. Arctic region and the rest of Europe should also be increased in order to strengthen the European cul- 4.2.4. Networks tural unity. -The Network of European Union National Institutes -More information about the everyday life in the for Culture (EUNIC) is invited to initiate a process Barents region should be available. There is already where EUNIC and its member institutes, cultural an existing Barents Cultural Portal, which is a part institutes of the EU countries in Russia and Russia’s of the common Barents portal (www.barentsinfo. cultural institutes in the EU countries will together org). Nevertheless more cooperation between jour- develop prospective forms of cooperation with Rus- nalists is needed, as well as appropriate structures to sia and, based on their experiences, make proposals support their work. for the future culture Cooperation Action Plan.

-Cultural actors from the Barents region make -The national cultural centres are important tools northern dimension visible in the cultural sector. of cultural cooperation in the national level. The Culture’s role in the Northern dimension policy EUNIC could, for example, play a central role in should be strengthened, since culture has also an coordinating bilateral cultural programmes. increasing economic impact. -The status of the European cultural institutes in -The Nordic Council of Ministers has for some time Russia should be clarifi ed in cooperation with Rus- been involved in cooperation with Northwest Rus- sian authorities. sia, including Kaliningrad. It has an offi ce in St. Petersburg and contact points in Murmansk, Arch- -The Hungarian Cultural Institute in Moscow fully angelsk and Petrozavodsk. supports the goal of enhancing cultural cooperation between EU and Russia and offers its facilities to be used for organizing events that are connected to it. 32 -The Russian Federation should join the European heritage preservation in the city of Rostov Veliky Heritage Network (Herein Information System) which selected for its symbolic value and the urgency of helps to provide indicators for the sustainable use the urban and environmental problems. of cultural heritage and to promote the exchange of good practices for innovative heritage strategies. -The following more recent initiatives have been undertaken in the context of the Russian Presidency -The fi rst meeting of the heads of the agencies in of the Council of Europe’s Committee of Ministers: the EU responsible for heritage, European Heritage the Conference “Dialogue of Cultures and Inter- Summit, was held in May 2006. The Summit will Faith Cooperation” – the Volga Forum in Nizniy continue to meet informally on annual basis as the Novgorod (September 2006) - and the Council of European Heritage Heads Forum, and also Russia Europe White Paper on intercultural dialogue as can be invited to take part in its activities. well as the launch of the European Heritage Days with an important Colloquy on the values of Eu- 4.2.5. NGOs rope’s cultural heritage (St Petersbourg, 21-22 Sep- tember 2006). -Cooperation between EU and Russia should take advantage of the resources offered by the NGOs. -As regards the future, a fi rst possibility for practi- The NGOs would also need more funding to fi - cal cooperation under the auspices of the Council nance their activities. of Europe would be the continuation of the work launched at the Volga Forum aimed at the develop- -An NGO forum titled ”Together for the future ment of intercultural dialogue between communities – Forum on civil society cooperation of European and bearing in mind both the 2006-2010 Russian Union and Russia” was held in Lahti, Finland, 17.- Plan for the preservation of the country’s multi- 18. November 2006. It brought together NGOs and ethnic cultural heritage as well as the initiatives experts from EU countries to discuss together with launched during the Russian Chairmanship of the their most important Russian partners the future Council of Europe’s Committee of Ministers con- forms of cooperation with Russia and the possibili- cerning dialogue between religious communities. ties for cooperation on civil society level. -Cooperation action programme for the Russian The main aims of the forum were to give the NGOs Federation could for instance include the following a forum for bringing forward their views and creat- objectives: ing their own agenda concerning different issues in EU - Russia dialogue, to produce mutual partner- • promoting sustainable cultural, social and economic ship, networks and create project ideas for future development through a trans-regional and trans- sectoral approach; cooperation and to produce recommendations to • providing assistance to individual participating areas EU about developing cooperation between NGOs as to adapt their institutions, policies and legislation to well as contacts with citizens. the changing society; • enhancing coordination and synergies between 4.2.6. Other Actors institutions in order to ensure the transversally and sustainability of public policies. -Since its accession to the Council of Europe’s Eu- ropean Cultural Convention in 1991, cooperation -Concerning specifi c Council of Europe initiatives has been developed with the Russian Federation for to be implemented in the coming months, the Cul- instance through the pilot project “Bridges to new tural Policy Report of the Russian Federation could partnerships for culture” (2003-2005), the Creating be included in the European Compendium on Cul- Cultural Capital Project and work on the cultural tural Policies which should be updated. 33 -The Council of Europe is ready to place its exper- Slovenia intends to support the activities of the Fo- tise in those areas in which it has recognised exper- rum and to promote the traditions of other Slavic tise at the disposal of the countries and institutions countries in the EU and the New Neighbourhood. involved and participate in any future cooperation in culture or cultural heritage. It is also in Russian interests to promote cooperation between Russia and the Slavic peoples in the EU -The EU’s Council of Ministers has adopted the countries. decision to ratify the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cul- -The existing agreement-based collaboration between tural Expressions and the objective is for the Euro- artistic universities and institutions in Russia and Es- pean Community and its Member States to jointly tonia could be used as a more general example for deposit their instruments of ratifi cation as soon as cooperation. possible. It is highly desirable that the Russian Fed- eration would also proceed to a quick ratifi cation of -For some time now France has organized national the Convention. cultural seasons, inviting foreign partners to present their national cultures. France and Russia are plan- -When both the Russian Federation and the Euro- ning to organize cross-cultural seasons with Russia pean Community and its Member States have joined in 2009 and 2010, and during the French Presiden- the UNESCO Convention on cultural diversity and cy in the second semester of 2008 a big European the Convention has entered into force, we need to cultural festival will also be carried out in France. formulate projects in the Cooperation Action Plan These examples of bilateral and multilateral cultural that will carry the Convention into effect. cooperation could also be noted in the Cooperation Action Plan.

4.3. Some existing models for -Collaboration in the Barents Euro-Arctic Region can cooperation be used as a model of multilateral cultural cooperation in building Russian-European relations. -The cultural cooperation that is already existing between EU and Russia should be better presented, -The experience of cooperation between Russia and promoted and exploited. Bulgaria should be utilized in developing cultural cooperation between EU and Russia. -The Finnish-Russian Cultural Forum offers a functioning model for the EU-Russia cultural coopera- -Good example of the kind of cooperation that tion. It could be adapted to a broader scale by devel- should be carried on is the Europa Nostra award, oping it into a more multilateral direction. which was granted to a Russian Karelian village some time ago. The organizers of the Finnish-Russian Cultural Fo- rum will arrange a possibility for other EU countries to become acquainted with the functioning and the results of the Forum in order to develop the forms of bilateral and multilateral cooperation.

-Forum of Slavic Cultures, which was created in 2004, aims at highlighting the new Slavic dimension of the EU. During its EU Presidency in 2008,

34 4.4. Key fi elds and forms of -The fi rst meeting of the heads of the agencies in cooperation the EU responsible for heritage, European Heritage Summit, was held in May 2006. The Summit will -Bilateral cooperation and people-to-people contacts continue to meet informally on annual basis as the provide the essence of cultural exchanges, and there- European Heritage Heads Forum, and also Russia fore cooperation between individuals and actors of can be invited to take part in its activities. civil society should be promoted by, for example, facilitating the work of national cultural institutes -Specifi c cooperation projects involving partners and the cooperation between them (EUNIC). in the Russian Federation and other European countries could draw inspiration from joint initia- -Cultural tourism plays important economic role in tives being carried out in South East Europe by the the development and utilization of the cultural capi- Council of Europe and the European Commission tal of Russia. Cultural heritage and values should in the area of the integrated conservation of cultural be included into new tourism programmes which heritage. promote international cooperation, e.g. the future Cooperation Action Plan. -Drawing up a plan for the management of historic cities in Russia could be one specifi c aim for coop- -Cultural heritage has direct economic value, which eration in the fi eld of cultural heritage. is partly realised through tourism but also through other means such as the re-use of buildings for new -The Russian Federation could ratify the Valletta purposes. Convention on the protection of the archaeological heritage and sign the Faro Framework Convention -Cultural heritage has also a social signifi cance. By on the value of cultural heritage for society. forming the everyday surrounding of people’s lives it affects both their well-being and identity. -More sources of funding are needed for cooperation in the heritage sphere. -There are four key areas of cooperation in the fi eld of cultural heritage: technical conservation ad- -Cooperation between EU and Russia in the fi eld vances, policy exchange, training and exchanges of of cinematography should focus on fi lm co-produc- people and infl uencing international legislation and tion. Russia and Europe should concentrate on de- funding streams. veloping common European cinematography space. Co-production and joint funds are the basis of the -In the cultural heritage sector there are many ex- future work. isting forums where participants from different EU countries could exchange views, promote good -The EU maintains the need for a special treatment practices, set guidelines and create administrative of audiovisual services in trade policy negotiations, and economical conditions for the development of in light of the fact that the audiovisual sector has an innovative projects. This would nevertheless require essential cultural dimension and the development of stronger commitment from the partaking countries. the sector cannot be left solely to market forces. These forums could also participate in the development of EU-Russia cooperation in the fi eld of cul- -The cooperation between art universities in Russia tural heritage. and the EU countries is vivid and it should be developed in different spheres of art according to the Bologna process when building the Common Euro- pean Space for Education.

35 -The collaboration could in practice include the fol- promote forms of cultural cooperation which take lowing forms: into account the youth in our countries.

• exchanges for students and teaching staff in order to -Promotion of Russian language and cultures of the study, make art and carry out research programmes Russian Federation: Russia wants to increase its • to give an access for the students and teachers to cultural presence in Europe, aiming to increase the the studios and housing for summer courses and fi eld practice popularity of Russian language and the cultures of • supervision and advanced training for the graduates the various peoples of the Russian Federation. by the teachers of the involved institutions • exchange of information about teaching methods -The youth in the EU countries should be encour- • exchange of information about the exhibitions, aged to learn Russian, and likewise festivals and other cultural events more Russians should learn languages of the EU • mutual participation of the teachers and academic staff in the conferences and seminars Member States. • organizing joint exhibitions and projects • collaboration in joint educational and research -Mobility, reciprocity and respect are important both projects and participation in international as a foundation for cooperation and as its methods. programmes and networks. Therefore they should be included in the Coopera- -In order to develop cooperation between artistic tion Action Plan. universities and institutions in EU countries and Russia, a programme like the Socrates/Erasmus/Le- -It is important to create a programme that pro- onardo programmes focusing on arts and design and motes not only government-to-government con- media education would be needed. Existing pro- nections, but also people-to-people contacts and the grammes that are open to limited Russian participa- mobility of people. tion are not suffi cient. -It is also essential to enhance student and teacher -The possibilities offered by a North-South dialogue mobility and comparability of degrees in the frame- should be exploited in EU-Russia cultural coopera- work of two tire system and to maintain the best tion (the joint exhibition of contemporary Nordic practices and know-how in education structures and design which is organized in Bulgaria in 2007 and processes e.g. in performing arts. fi nancially supported by the Nordic Council of Ministers could be mentioned as an example). Therefore a funding framework should be established for the fi nancing of teacher and student ex- -Fight against piracy is in our common interest in changes between artistic universities and institutions order to secure the economic prerequisites of culture. in Russia and in the EU countries.

-When planning the Cooperation Action Plan we should pay special attention to the intellectual property rights in order to remove barriers for cooperation.

-Cooperation involving youth in EU and Russia: Soci- eties in the Russian Federation and in the countries of the European Union are going through signiﬁ - cant changes and challenges, questioning their iden- tities and future. Therefore it appears appropriate to

36 4.5. Improving the preconditions for cooperation

-The Finnish Institute of Russian and East European Studies is willing, by virtue of its new strategy, to promote the strengthening of cultural relations between EU and Russia and to boost the partnerships of the Northern Dimension.

-The publication prepared by the Institute, “Cultural Cooperation between the European Union and the Russian Federation: Sources of Funding”, has been made available online. The EU countries should supplement this information and Russia respectively should provide information on possible sources of funding.

-In order to facilitate cultural cooperation between EU and Russia a mechanism for transparent reporting of the cooperation projects and best practices should be created.

-There should be an electronic database that could be used for partner search and the creation of partnership consortia.

-Institution Buildig Partnership Programme (TACIS- IBPP): In the spring of 2007 a speciﬁ c call for proposals for cultural projects which are in line with the objectives of the Road Map covering the Fourth Common Space will be launched for which a budget of 2 million euros is available. The actors on the ﬁ eld should take advantage of this opportunity.

-More information about the everyday life in the Barents region should be available. There is already an existing Barents Cultural Portal, which is a part of the common Barents portal (www.barentsinfo. org). Nevertheless more cooperation between journalists is needed, as well as appropriate structures to support their work.

-Speciﬁ c cooperation issue could focus on a plan for institutional capacity-building.

37 5. Speeches from the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting

5.1. Speeches from the Opening Session of the Meeting:

Welcome and Objectives of the Meeting

Ms Tanja Saarela, Minister of Culture, Finland

EU-Russia Culture Expert Meeting Kajaani 18.9.2006

Dear colleagues, Minister Sokolov and Minister making history. Much is expected from us. Lehtomäki, Director-General Quintin, Excellencies, I would like to start by presenting to you, Ladies Ladies and Gentleman! and Gentlemen, the foreign relations context in We are here to open the ﬁ rst expert meeting on which our meeting is arranged. - Let us start at the culture between the European Union, its Member beginning. States and the Russian Federation. The founding document in the relations be- I wish you all warmly welcome to Kajaani, the tween the European Union and Russia is the capital of the old province of Kainuu. The castle Agreement on Partnership and Cooperation – PCA ruins in the middle of river Kajaani tell us about a for short – which took force in 1997. Its Article 85 history of conﬂ icts and wars, as castles and ruins relates to culture. often do. We are today here on the aborder of the eastern and western cultures of Europe with the purpose of building a cultural bridge of mutual understanding and cooperation. Our meeting is

38 Partnership and Cooperation The Finnish-Russian Cultural Agreement (PCA, 1997) Forums

Forum Year Participants Title IX - Cultural cooperation Helsinki 2000 144 Novgorod 2001 159 ARTICLE 85. Lappeenranta 2002 300 1. The Parties undertake to promote cultural St. Petersburg 2003 270 cooperation with the aim of reinforcing the existing Turku 2004 350 links between their peoples and to encourage the Vologda 2005 227 mutual knowledge of their respective languages Kajaani 2006 312 and cultures while respecting creative freedom and reciprocal access to cultural values. We have been developing the Finnish-Russian Cul- 2. Cooperation shall cover in particular the following areas: tural Forum since 2000 in order to help cultural – exchange of information and experience in the actors at the grassroots level to fi nd each other. I fi eld of conservation and protection of monuments personally have attended three Cultural Forums: and sites (architectural heritage); those in St Petersburg in 2003, in Turku in 2004, – cultural exchanges between institutions, artists and in Vologda in 2005. The enthusiasm and the and other persons working in the area of culture; atmosphere I’ve witnessed at these Forums, as well – translation of literary works. 3. The Cooperation Council may make recommenda- as the cooperation and results they produce, have tions for the implementation of this Article. convinced me of the great contribution that direct cooperation between artists, cultural institutions From the outset, then, culture was part of the co- and organisations can make to intercultural under- operation areas, but so far the Article has not been standing, tolerance, access to culture, and the mo- activated. The Cooperation Council mentioned in bility of artists and cultural products. I am similarly the Article has never convened. Nor has the key de- convinced that cultural cooperation boosts the eco- cision-making body implementing strategic EU-Rus- nomic effi ciency and market-driven growth in the sia partnership, the Permanent Partnership Council, sector as a whole. ever met in its cultural ministers composition. Cul- As Minister of Culture of an EU country, I have ture was at risk of being left by the roadside in the come to know European cultural heritage on a wide implementation of the PCA. scale and in depth, its diversifying wealth, its tem- In 2003, when I was starting my term as Minister of poral span and the richness of contemporary art. I Culture, I was already convinced that cultural coopera- have also seen glimpses of the immense cultural po- tion is a strong tool for enhancing tolerance and mu- tential of our neighbour, Russia, her multicultural- tual understanding. My work with cultural, sport and ism and the spectrum of indigenous cultures. Wit- youth policy and church matters have only consolidat- nessing this rich intellectual and cultural resource, ed this faith in the valuable contribution culture has to I have become more and more certain that the EU make to the public good. Recent times have tragically Member States and Russia have a great deal to give shown how barriers between cultures and lack of coop- to each other and a great deal to share in cultural eration skills lead to confl icts, death and devastation. terms. Together, the western and eastern cultures in When steps were being taken to build EU-Russia Europe can offer competitive products to the global cooperation on the foundation of the Four Common and rapidly growing cultural and content market. Spaces, I personally saw it important that culture, as an area of cooperation, is not overlooked in the way it had been. My view was bolstered by the proof we in Finland had of the benefi ts of cultural cooperation with Russia.

39 Road Maps for the Four Common convened to discuss the implementation of the Cul- Spaces and culture tural Aspects of the Road Map for the Fourth Com- mon Space. In the other fi elds of cooperation, implementation -2003 EU-Russia Summit in St. has made rapid strides. Petersburg - adoption of the Four In culture, the progress has been slower because Common Spaces there is no model for EU-Russia cooperation: there — Common Economic Space is no cooperation programme, no fi nancial frame- — Common Space of Freedom, Security and Justice — Common space of Cooperation in the Field of work, no bodies to prepare cooperation, no proce- External Security dure for establishing such a body. In culture, we — Common space on Research, Education and have to begin everything almost from zero. Culture Dear participants, The fact that we are right at the beginning is a wonderful opportunity to steer -2005 EU-Russia Summit in Moscow - development in the direction we want. adoption of the Road Maps for the Four The signifi cance of cultural cooperation has been Common Spaces given a seal of approval at the St Petersburg and Moscow Summits. During the preparations for the -2006 EU-Russia Expert Meeting, Finnish Presidency, I was deliberating how this po- Kajaani - promotion of the litical will could be translated into practical action. implementation of the Fourth Road Map In the course of the Presidency preparations in 2005, we were in contact with the offi cials respon- At the outset, when the EU-Russia Summit and the sible for external relations in the Commission and EU-Russia strategic partnership policy – the four in the Council. I asked Minister Sokolov for his Common Spaces – were being prepared, culture personal opinion of the matter at the Vologda Fo- was not discussed at all, but was later added to the rum in 2005. After this groundwork, in January agenda. The Federal Republic of Germany worked 2006, I discussed the matter with Commissioner especially actively for this. Figel’, who is in charge of cultural matters. All the As a means of implementing the four Common parties agreed that we need to take action in order Spaces, the parties chose Road Maps, which were to develop cultural cooperation. As a result of this later adopted at the Moscow Summit on 10 May mutual understanding, we added this Kajaani expert 2005. This Expert Meeting in Kajaani has been meeting to the Presidency programme.

40 Participants of the Kajaani Expert Meeting

Ofﬁ cials responsible for international cultural cooperation in the administration of cultural affairs of the EU Member States and Accessing Countries 26 Ofﬁ cials responsible for cultural cooperation in the foreign affairs administration of the EU Member States and Accessing countries 10 EU Member States’ and Accessing Countries’ Cultural Attachés in Moscow 12 Representatives of the EU Commission 7 Representatives of the Russian Federation 25 Other Speakers and Commentators 16 Organizers and others 40 Total 136

As participants, we invited one ofﬁ cial responsible for international cultural cooperation and one responsible for external relations in the cultural sector from every EU country and from Russia. Addition- ally, the invited experts include ofﬁ cials responsible for cultural affairs in the Moscow embassies of the EU countries, who have a vantage point into cultural cooperation between their countries and Rus- sia. Minister Sokolov leads the Russian Delegation composed of representatives of both foreign relations and cultural administration. As organisers we are delighted with the participation rate

41 The Regions of Northwest Russia

In EU-Russia cooperation, North-West Russia has I wish the Forum partners welcome to this open- quite a special role alongside the Capital City, Mos- ing session and hope that in the evenings you ac- cow. In view of this, the Russian delegation also tively share your experience with the participants of includes the ministers of culture and chairpersons of this meeting. the cultural committees of these regions, to whom I In outlining the programme, we got valuable ex- extend our cordial welcome. pert help from the Commission External Relations, This opening session gathers together not only who advised us to focus on the four cooperation all the participants of the EU-Russia meeting, but ﬁ elds mentioned in the Road Map. We have invited also around 300 participants of the seventh Finnish- experts from the EU countries and Russia to tell us Russian Forum. After the opening, the Forum will how they think cooperation should be developed in work in their own venue, where altogether 65 part- these ﬁ elds, what kind of experiences there are and ner pairs talk about their joint projects. who could be possible cooperation partners. I want Dear participants of the EU - Russia Culture to express our gratitude to all the speakers who ac- Expert Meeting, At the social events in the evening, cepted our invitation to share their expertise with you will have opportunities for direct grassroots-level us as a basis of our discussions. Welcome to help us contacts. You can ask the partner pairs how their forward on our road. project negotiations are processing. Although we are otherwise working separately, the evening get-togeth- ers listed in the programme are intended both for the Forum participants and for the participants of our meeting.

42 EU and Russia The Northern Dimension

The theme of the second day looks at how different By inviting the regional councils and other inter- intergovernmental organisations - in which both governmental bodies, we wanted to underscore the the EU Commission, EU Member States and Russia fact that there are already several structures engaged participate - could contribute to the implementa- in EU-Russia cooperation. Similarly, cultural actors tion of the Culture Road Map in the northern areas. in the EU countries and in Russia already have joint The Union and Russia are currently revising their structures for collaboration. Northern Dimension policy. The starting point for I think a central aim and a major challenge for the preparations is that the Northern Dimension our meeting is to explore ways to improve condi- region will implement the Road Maps of the Four tions for the operation of these structures. It is pos- Common Spaces as applicable. Thus, the northern sible that no new structures will be needed. The cultural dimension is a reﬂ ection of the cultural as- existing instruments must be activated, by means of pects of the Fourth Common Space. the cooperation agenda outlined in the Road Map, We shall also hear the views of the Nordic Coun- to support culture. cil of Ministers, the Council of Europe and the European Parliament about cooperation prospects in the ﬁ eld of culture.

43 Participants in the rapporteurs’ meetings

Andrey Avetisyan Mission of the Russian Federation to the European Communities Bettina Beywl Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany in Moscow Sean Carroll EU Commission’s Delegation in Moscow Christine Fritz Permanent Representation of Germany to the European Union Mikhail Horev Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Russian Federation (in Kajaani) Krzysztof Kania European Commission Sergei Kazantsev Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications of Russian Kerstin Kronvall Embassy of Finland in Moscow Taneli Lahti Substitute of Mr. John Penny, Principal Administrator, Relex, European Commission Maija Lummepuro Ministry of Education of Finland John Penny European Commission Günter Rauer Permanent Representation of Germany to the European Union Rolf-Dieter Schnelle Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Germany, (in Kajaani) Sergey Shevchenko Mission of the Russian Federation to the European Communities Harri Syväsalmi Finland´s Permanent Representation, European Union Paula Tuomikoski Ministry of Education of Finland

The Presidency Conclusions for this meeting have meeting days, the Conclusions will recommend how been drafted by the Rapporteurs, who represent the the implementation of the Road Map could proceed. Commission External Relations; the Directorate- The Road Map already indicates how the work General for Education and Culture; the current and could proceed, noting that the possibility of a coop- next Presidency, Finland and Germany; and Russian eration programme will be considered. Our meet- foreign relations and cultural administrations. ing should seek answers to three questions: (1) How The Rapporteurs have prepared Draft Presidency should such a cooperation document be drawn up, Conclusions for you, dear participants, as a back- by whom, and who will decide on it? (2) What kind ground document. This draft gives the background of and whose cooperation should be given priority? of the meeting and notes that the Secretariat will and (3) How should the ﬁ nancing for cooperation compile all the cooperation ideas put forward by par- be organised? ticipants. These will be available on the web site of Our Rapporteurs have studied in advance techni- the Finnish Ministry of Education after our Meeting, cal options as regards the form of the document. and the participants are invited to supplement them. Their proposal is: it should be a cooperation action- This material will serve follow-up action. plan. As regards the substance of cooperation, today It is our intention that the Presidency will prepare we look forward to hearing your proposals, which a meeting document containing (1) the Rappor- will be recorded for further work. Likewise, I hope teurs’ summation of the meeting; (2) the measures that these two days will give us an idea of which proposed by the participants; and (3) the Presidency intergovernmental bodies are ready to promote Conclusions. In the background document handed cultural cooperation and which cultural networks out to you, the last part is still open. The Presiden- within the EU would be interested in building co- cy Conclusions will be formulated at the end of the operation with their counterparts in Russia. second day based on all the contributions and dis- As concerns ﬁ nancing, the Road Map notes that cussions. Drawing on the Rapporteurs preparatory cooperation should be considered within the rel- work and the expert views presented during the two evant external relations instruments. This naturally

44 refers to the ENPI, which is currently being developed and which is a key sources of fi nancing along with some others. We should not limit our quest solely to EU sources, there are also national instruments for fi nancing EU-Russia cultural cooperation. At the request of the Ministry of Education, the Finnish Institute for Russian and East European Studies asked each EU country whether they have fi nancing schemes that could support cultural cooperation between it and Russia. – And, yes, there are such instruments. We’ll hear more about this later. On the subject of fi nancing, I would like to point out that culture should not always be seen as an ac- tor which only expends national resources. Cultural production also has a business aspect. For culture, we must ensure conditions conducive to economic cooperation and thereby diversify its fi nancing. Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen. On behalf of the Presidency, I take great pleasure in opening this fi rst joint meeting on culture between the European Union and Russia. May it be an impetus for cooperation which seeks, to quote the Road Map: To promote a structured approach to cultural cooperation between the enlarged EU and Russia, to foster the creativity and mobility of artists, public access to culture, the dissemination of art and culture, intercultural dialogue and knowledge of the history and cultural heritage of the peoples of Europe.” To strengthen and enhance the European identity on the basis of common values, including freedom of expression, democratic functioning of the media, respect of human rights including the rights of persons belonging to minorities and promotion of cultural and linguistic diversity as a basis of vitality of civil society in Europe without dividing lines. To develop cooperation between the cultural industries of the EU and Russia in order to increase both their cultural and economic impact. Dear participant of the EU-Russia Culture Expert Meeting, I wish you all cordially welcome here to Kajaani to develop the Culture Road Map into a map leading us to practical cultural cooperation!

45 Приветствие и цели Соглащение о партнерстве Совещания и сотрудничестве

Танья Саарела, Министр культуры финляндии Раздел IX. Культурное сотрудничество

Совещание экспертов ЕС и России по сотрудничес- Статья 85 тву в области культуры 1. Стороны согласились содействовать Каяни развитию культурного сотрудничества 18.9.2006 с целью укрепления существующих связей между их народами и поощрять взаимное знание ими их соответствую- Дорогие коллеги! Уважаемый министр Соколов! щих языков и культур на основе ува- Уважаемая министр Лехтомяки! жения свободы творчества и взаимного доступа к культурным ценностям. Уважаемый генеральный директор Квинтин! 2. Сотрудничество, в частности, охваты- Ваши превосходительства! вает следующие области: обмен инфор- Дамы и господа! мацией и опытом в области сохранения Мы собрались здесь для того, чтобы открыть пер- и охраны памятников и исторических мест (архитектурное наследие); куль- вое экспертное совещание по культурному сотруд- турный обмен между учреждениями, ничеству между Европейским Союзом, странами- деятелями искусств и другими лицами, участницами ЕС и Российской Федерацией. работающими в области культуры; пе- Я рада приветствовать вас в Каяни, столице древ- ревод литературных произведений. 3. Совет сотрудничества может давать ре- ней финской провинции Кайнуу. Посредине реки комендации относительно применения Каяни, на острове, находятся развалины старинного настоящей статьи. замка. Как это обычно бывает с руинами и замками, этот пейзаж напоминает нам о войнах и конфликтах, Таким образом, с самого начала культура рассматри- которыми полна история. Сегодня мы встретились валась как одна из сфер сотрудничества, однако до на границе между восточной и западной культурны- сегодняшнего дня указанная статья так и не зарабо- ми зонами Европы. Наша цель – перекинуть через тала. Совет по сотрудничеству, о котором говорится эту границу мост, основанный на культуре, взаимо- в 85-ой статье, ни разу не созывался. Что касается понимании и сотрудничестве. Без преувеличения, Постоянного совета по партнерству (основного ор- наша встреча имеет историческое значение, и мы гана, отвечающего за политические решения по реа- должны оправдать ожидания, которые возлагают на лизации стратегического партнерства ЕС-Россия), то нас наши народы. он также ни разу не собирался на уровне министров Дамы и господа, сначала я хотела бы обратиться к культуры. Дело шло к тому, что культура останется сфере международных отношений, поскольку имен- в стороне от общих процессов, связанных с реали- но в этом контексте организована наша встреча. Да- зацией СПС. вайте начнем с самого начала. Я заняла пост министра культуры Финляндии Основополагающим документом, определяющим в 2003 году, но еще до этого во мне укрепилось отношения между Европейским Союзом и Россией, убеждение, что культурное сотрудничество имеет является Соглашение о партнерстве и сотрудничес- важнейшее значение для развития терпимости и тве (СПС), которое вступило в силу в 1997 г. Со- взаимопонимания. Моя деятельность была связана трудничеству в сфере культуры посвящена Статья с вопросами культуры и спорта, религиозными орга- 85 Соглашения. низациями и молодежной политикой, и это лишь ук- репило во мне веру в то, что культура должна внести важнейший вклад в развитие общества. Трагические события последних лет со всей очевидностью пока- 46 зали, как барьеры между культурами, неумение со- ческой эффективности и росту данного сектора за трудничать оборачиваются конфликтами, смертью счет рыночных механизмов в целом. и разрушением. Будучи министром культуры одной из стран Ев- В то время, когда шла работа по развитию сотруд- ропейского Союза, я расширила и углубила свои ничества между ЕС и Россией на основе «четырех познания в области культурного наследия Европы во общих пространств», мое личное мнение заключа- всем его многообразии и временном охвате, вклю- лось в том, что культура не должна остаться на обо- чая богатейшую палитру современного искусства. чине этого процесса – как это происходило в преды- Я также имела возможность убедиться в огромном дущие годы. Моя точка зрения лишь подтверждает- культурном потенциале нашего соседа, России, со ся теми благотворными результатами культурного всем многообразием и многогранностью культур сотрудничества с Россией, которые мы ощущаем в населяющих ее народов. Россия – богатейший ис- Финляндии. точник интеллектуальных и культурных ценностей, и я все более убеждаюсь в том, что с точки зрения культуры странам ЕС и России есть чем поделиться Финско-российские куль- друг с другом, не говоря уже о ценностях, которые турные форумы являются для них общими. Вместе, западная и вос- точная части Европы могут укрепить свои конку- рентные позиции на глобальном и быстро растущем Forum Year Participants рынке культурных ценностей. Helsinki 2000 144 Novgorod 2001 159 Lappeenranta 2002 300 St. Petersburg 2003 270 Дорожные карты по четы- Turku 2004 350 рем общим пространствам Vologda 2005 227 и культура Kajaani 2006 312

-2003 Саммит ЕС-Россия в Санкт-Пе- Начиная с 2000 года, мы работаем над развитием тербурге - договор о четырех общих нашего сотрудничества в рамках Финляндско-Рос- пространствах сийского культурного форума, который был создан — Общее экономическое пространство для того, чтобы деятели культуры, в самом широком — Общее пространство по свободе, безопасности смысле этого слова, могли найти друг друга. Я лич- и праву но участвовала в работе трех Культурных форумов: в — Общее пространство по сотрудничеству в 2003 г. в Санкт-Петербурге, в 2004 в Турку и в 2005 сфере внешней безопасности — Общее пространство по исследованию, г. в Вологде. Атмосфера этих встреч, энтузиазм, дух образованию и культуре сотрудничества и результаты, к которым они привели – все это убедило меня в том, что прямые контакты и -2005 Саммит ЕС-Россия в Москве взаимодействие между творческой интеллигенцией, - соглашение о Дoрожных картах художниками, учреждениями культуры и организа- по четырем общим пространствам циями, действующими в этой сфере, в огромной сте- пени способствуют межкультурному взаимопонима- -2006 Собрание экспертов ЕС-Рoс- нию и терпимости, открывают доступ к культурным сия в Каяни - продвижение приве- дения в исполнение четвертого об- ценностям и вносят элемент мобильности в жизнь ху- щего пространства дожников и сферу создания культурных ценностей. Я в равной мере убеждена и в том, что культурное Сначала, на первой стадии подготовки Саммита ЕС- сотрудничество способствует повышению экономи- Россия и разработки политики стратегического пар-

47 тнерства ЕС-Россия в рамках «четырех общих про- Дорогие участники! странств» вопросы культуры не обсуждались вовсе, То, что мы находимся с вами в самом начале пути, хотя позднее они были добавлены в повестку дня, на самом деле дает нам прекрасную возможность в первую очередь благодаря усилиям Федеративной определять развитие нашего сотрудничества в том Республики Германии. направлении, которое нам представляется наиболее Для реализации концепции четырех общих про- правильным. странств требовались соответствующие механизмы, Значение сотрудничества в области культуры в качестве которых стороны выбрали «дорожные было подтверждено на Санкт-Петербургском и Мос- карты» – они были приняты на Московском саммите ковском саммитах. В то время, когда мы в Финлян- 10 мая 2005 г. Экспертное совещание в Каяни, кото- дии готовились к председательству нашей страны в рое мы открываем сегодня, созвано для обсуждения Евросоюзе, я много думала о том, как в данном слу- того, как будут реализованы культурные аспекты чае политическая воля может быть преобразована в дорожной карты в рамках концепции четырех об- практические действия. щих пространств. В ходе подготовки к председательству в ЕС в 2005 Реализация данной концепции по другим направ- году, мы активно взаимодействовали с официальны- лениям сотрудничества идет весьма успешно. Что ми лицами, занимающимися в Европейской Комис- же касается культуры, то здесь заметно отставание, сии и Европейском Совете внешними связями. На и это объясняется отсутствием модели, на которой Вологодском форуме (2005 г.) я попросила министра бы в этой сфере основывалось сотрудничество меж- Соколова поделиться со мной своим личным мне- ду ЕС и Россией – нет программы взаимодействия, нием относительно путей нашего сотрудничества. финансовой системы, нет органов, которые бы зани- Это была, так сказать, предварительная работа, а в мались разработкой программы сотрудничества, и январе 2006 года я обсуждала эти вопросы с Комис- не описаны процедуры, в соответствии с которыми саром Фигелем, который отвечает в Еврокомиссии такой орган мог бы быть создан. Иными словами, в за сферу культуры. Все, кого я сейчас назвала, были области культуры нам приходится начинать почти с согласны с тем, что нам пора приступать к активным чистого листа. действиям, направленным на развитие культурного сотрудничества. Исходя из этого, мы и включили нынешнее экспертное совещание в Каяни в програм- му председательства Финляндии в ЕС.

48 Участники Совещания экспертов в Каяни

Чиновники, ответственные за международное культурное сотрудничество из администраций по культурным делам стран ЕС и вступающих стран 26 Чиновники, ответственные за культурное сотрудничество из администраций по внешним делам стран ЕС и вступающих стран 10 Культурные атташе стран ЕС и вступающих стран в Москве 12 Представители Еврокомиссии 7 Представители Российской Федерации 25 Другие докладчики и комментаторы 16 Организаторы и другие 40 Итого 136

В качестве участников от каждой страны ЕС и Рос- сии мы пригласили по одному официальному лицу, отвечающему за развитие международного культур- ного сотрудничества, и по одному, отвечающему за внешние связи в сфере культуры. Кроме того, мы пригласили на это совещание экспертов, в числе ко- торых – сотрудники посольств стран ЕС в Москве, имеющие непосредственный опыт работы в сфере культурного сотрудничества между их странами и Россией. Министр Соколов возглавляет российс- кую делегацию, в которую входят и представители внешнеполитических ведомств, и представители органов управления культурой. Мы, организаторы, очень довольны уровнем представительства на на- шем совещании.

49 Северо-западные регионы России

Наравне с Москвой, Северо-Западный регион России участников Форума, и для участников нашего сове- играет особую роль в сотрудничестве между ЕС и щания. Российской Федерацией, поэтому в российскую деле- Я приветствую делегатов Форума, находящихся гацию также входят министры культуры и председа- сейчас вместе с нами, и надеюсь на то, что во время тели комитетов культуры северо-западных областей вечерних мероприятий мы услышим от вас много России. Уважаемые господа, я сердечно приветствую интересного. вас от имени организаторов совещания. При подготовке нашей программы мы получили Наша церемония открытия собрала не только ценную помощь от экспертов Директората Евроко- участников совещания ЕС-Россия, но и около трех- миссии по внешним связям, которые посоветовали сот делегатов Седьмого Финляндско-российского нам сконцентрироваться на четырех направлениях форума. После завершения настоящей церемонии сотрудничества, определенных дорожной картой. Форум продолжит свою работу в другом здании, где Мы попросили экспертов из стран ЕС и России рас- в общей сложности 65 пар партнеров будут обсуж- сказать нам, как они видят развитие сотрудничества дать свои совместные проекты. по этим направлениям, какой в этом отношении су- Уважаемые участники экспертного совещания ществует ценный опыт и кто может быть партнера- ЕС-Россия! Во время наших вечерних мероприя- ми в рамках такого сотрудничества. Я хочу выразить тий у вас будет возможность встретиться со своими благодарность всем нашим участникам, которые коллегами и завязать полезные контакты с ними. согласились выступить на совещании с докладами Вы сможете поинтересоваться у партнерских пар, и поделиться с нами своим опытом и пониманием как идут переговоры относительно их проектов. стоящих перед нами задач. Я полагаю, что это пос- Хотя, в общем, мы работаем отдельно друг от дру- лужит хорошей основой для дальнейших дискуссий. га, вечерние приемы и иные вечерние мероприятия, Господа, большое вам спасибо за эту помощь. указанные в нашей программе, организуются и для

50 ЕС и Россия Северное измерение

Второй день нашего совещания будет посвящен туры и организации культуры в странах ЕС и России анализу того, как различные межправительствен- уже сейчас имеют совместные структуры, на осно- ные организации (в которых участвуют и Комиссия ве которых может осуществляться сотрудничество. ЕС, и отдельные страны-члены ЕС, и Россия) могут Я считаю, что основная задача нашего совещания способствовать реализации «культурной» дорожной заключается в том, чтобы проложить путь к улуч- карты в северных регионах Европы. В настоящее шению предпосылок для развития этих структур. время Европейский Союз и Россия пересматрива- Возможно, никаких новых структур нам больше не ют направления политики Северного измерения. В понадобится. Следует эффективно задействовать этом контексте отправной точкой в подготовитель- уже имеющиеся механизмы в поддержку культур- ной работе будет реализация в регионе Северного ного сотрудничества – на основе программы сотруд- измерения дорожных карт по четырем общим про- ничества, определенной в дорожной карте. странствам в соответствии с изложенной в них кон- цепцией. Таким образом, «культурное северное из- мерение» отражает культурные аспекты четвертого общего пространства. Мы также выслушаем точку зрения Совета ми- нистров Северных стран, Совета Европы и Европей- ского Парламента относительно перспектив сотруд- ничества в области культуры. Приглашая на наше совещание представителей региональных советов и других межправительс- твенных организаций, мы хотели подчеркнуть, что в сотрудничестве ЕС- Россия уже сейчас участвует ряд структур. Подобным же образом, деятели куль-

51 Участники группы рапортеров

Андрей Аветисян Постоянное Представительство Российской Федерации при ЕС Беттина Бейвл Посольство Федеральной Республики Германии в Москве Шон Каррол Делегация Еврокомиссии в Москве Кристине Фритц Постоянное Представительство Германии при ЕС Михаил Хорев МИД Российской Федерации (в Каяни) Кржистоф Каниа Европейская комиссия Сергей Казанцев Министерство культуры и массовых коммуникаций РФ Керстин Кронвалл Посольство Финляндии в Москве Танели Лахти Заместитель первого администратора, RELEX, Европейская комиссия Майя Луммепуро Министерство образования Финляндии Джон Пенни Европейская комиссия Гюнтэр Рауэр Постоянное Представительство Германии при ЕС Ролф-Дитэр Шнэлле Министр иностранных дел Германии (в Каяни) Сергей Шевченко Постоянное Представительство России при ЕС Харри Сювясалми Постоянное Представительство Финляндии при ЕС Паула Туомикоски Министерство образования Финляндии

Заключение страны-председателя к настоящему со- предложенные участниками, и (3) заключение стра- вещанию было подготовлено рапортерами, которые ны-председателя. В базовом аналитическом доку- представляют Директорат по внешним связям и Ге- менте, копию которого получил каждый из вас, пос- неральный Директорат по образованию и культуре, ледняя часть остается незаполненной – заключение а также нынешнего и следующего председателей ЕС страны-председателя будет оформлено по окончании (т. е. Финляндию и Германию) и соответствующие второго дня совещания, исходя из всего комплекса российские ведомства, отвечающие за внешние свя- высказанных мнений и суждений. На основе подго- зи и культуру. товительной работы, проведенной рапортерами, и Выводы страны-председателя, подготовленные экспертных оценок, представленных за два рабочих для вас рапортерами, являются базовым аналити- дня, это заключение будет содержать рекомендации ческим документом, в котором представлена исто- относительно того , как будет претворяться в жизнь рия вопроса, а также обозначены пункты, которые дорожная карта. будут детально описаны после того, как Секретариат Собственно говоря, в дорожной карте уже гово- проанализирует все предложения по сотрудничест- рится о том, как может проходить дальнейшая ра- ву, с которыми выступят участники совещания. По бота. В ней также учитывается возможность того, окончании нашего совещания эти материалы будут что будет разработана программа сотрудничества. размещены на сайте Министерства образования На нашем совещании мы должны ответить на три Финляндии, и все участники смогут дополнить их вопроса: (1) Как должен быть разработан такой своими замечаниями. Такой ресурс станет хорошим документ по сотрудничеству, кем он должен быть подспорьем в нашей дальнейшей работе. разработан и кем он будет утверждаться? (2) Какие Мы планируем, что страна-председатель подго- направления сотрудничества и между каким сто- товит общий документ по данному совещанию. В ронами должны стать приоритетными? и (3) Как него войдут: (1) краткий обзор результатов совеща- должно быть организовано финансирование такого ния, подготовленный рапортерами, (2) мероприятия, сотрудничества?

52 Наши рапортеры заранее постарались разобрать- созданием таких условий, когда сотрудничество в ся в том, какие могут быть практические варианты сфере культуры было бы эффективным и с экономи- подготовки такого документа. Их мнение: это дол- ческой точки зрения, что позволит нам серьезно ди- жен быть план действий по сотрудничеству. Что ка- версифицировать источники его финансирования. сается его содержательной стороны, то мы надеемся Уважаемые дамы и господа! Ваши превосходи- на ваши предложения, которые будут должным об- тельства! От имени Финляндии, председательству- разом записаны и использованы в дальнейшей рабо- ющей в настоящее время в Европейском Союзе, я те. Я также полагаю, что за эти два дня мы сможем поздравляю вас с открытием первого совместного определить свою позицию по следующим вопросам: совещания по культурному сотрудничеству между какие межправительственные органы уже готовы ЕС и Россией и хочу процитировать дорожную кар- подключиться к работе по развитию культурного ту в той ее части, где говорится о целях сотрудни- сотрудничества и какие сетевые организации, ра- чества в области культуры: ботающие внутри ЕС в области культуры, были бы Продвигать структурированный подход к куль- заинтересованы в развитии сотрудничества с парт- турному сотрудничеству между Россией и расши- нерами в России. ренным Евросоюзом, содействовать творчеству и Что касается финансирования, в дорожной карте мобильности деятелей культуры, повышению до- указывается, что программы сотрудничества долж- ступности культуры для населения, распростра- ны рассматриваться в рамках соответствующих нению искусства и культуры, межкультурному механизмов, относящихся к сфере внешних связей. диалогу, углублению знания истории и культурного Очевидно, что речь в основном идет о програм- наследия народов Европы. ме «Европейское добрососедство и партнерство» Укреплять и усиливать европейскую идентич- (ENPI), которая сейчас разрабатывается и которая ность на основе общих ценностей, включая свободу является одним из основных инструментов финан- выражения, демократическое функционирование сирования, наряду с несколькими другими. Вместе СМИ, соблюдение прав человека, включая права лиц, с тем, в поисках решения мы не можем ограничи- принадлежащих к меньшинствам, и продвижение вать себя только источниками финансирования со культурного и языкового многообразия как основы стороны ЕС, поскольку существуют также меха- жизнеспособности гражданского общества в Евро- низмы финансирования на национальном уровне, и пе без разделительных линий. они тоже могут быть использованы для поддержки Развивать сотрудничество между сферами куль- культурного сотрудничества между ЕС и Россией. туры России и ЕС в целях увеличения их культурного По поручению Министерства образования Институт и экономического значения. российских и восточно-европейских исследований Уважаемые участники экспертного совещания по (Финляндия) обратился к каждой стране ЕС с воп- вопросам культурного сотрудничества между ЕС и росом: имеются ли в вашей стране финансовые ме- Россией! Я очень рада, что мы смогли собраться се- ханизмы, которые могли бы быть использованы для годня в Каяни и надеюсь, что общими усилиями мы развития культурного сотрудничества между вашей сможем превратить «культурную дорожную карту» страной и Россией? Да, такие механизмы есть, и о в карту, ведущую наши страны к практическому со- них мы поговорим чуть позднее. трудничеству в области культуры. Продолжая тему финансирования, я хочу вам на- помнить, что финансирование культуры не всегда и не обязательно должно осуществляться за счет госу- дарственных ресурсов. Если говорить о рыночных механизмах и бизнесе, то они также имеют отноше- ние к культуре, произведениям искусства и культур- ным ценностям, поэтому мы должны работать над

53 EU-Russia Road Map on the Background and key approaches Common Space of Research and Education, including Cultural Looking back to the inception of an unusual inter- Aspects: Russia’s View national partnership programme such as the Road Map, we should single out two historic events. One Mr Aleksandr Sokolov, Minister of Culture and was the May 2003 St. Petersburg Summit that Mass Communications of the Russian Federation sealed an understanding between the parties concerned as to the need to strengthen their partner- Kajaani, Finland ship in nurturing a common space for research and 18 September 2006 education, including cultural aspects. The second milestone was passed on 10 May 2005 in Moscow, Dear Minister Saarela, Dear Minister Lehtomäki, where the Road Map was approved by the President Dear Colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen, Let me of Russia Vladimir Putin, Prime Minister of Lux- greet you all on behalf of the Ministry of Culture embourg J.-C. Junker, Chairman of the European and Mass Communications of the Russian Federa- Commission J.M. Durao Barroso, and EU Foreign tion and the Russian delegation. Policy Chief Javier Solana. Russia and the EU fol- We came to Kajaani on the hospitable Finnish lowed up with concerted action to promote a struc- soil with a profound feeling of gratitude to the hosts tured policy on cultural partnership between Russia and initiators of this forum, intended to lay down and the larger EU along the lines of greater mobility the groundwork for a multilateral partnership be- for cultural fi gures and artists, making culture more tween the EU and Russia. accessible to citizens, fostering wider and more sub- I would like to express my special gratitude to stantial dissemination of culture and the arts across Finland for its presidency in the European Union, the global environment, forging cross-cultural dia- and to our Finnish hosts – for organising this meet- logue, and promoting deeper insight into the history ing so well. and cultural heritage of European nations. At this juncture, formation of a fourth common One of the positive achievements with serious space in research, education and culture is very im- worldwide political implications in the formative portant for Russia, as this is where the intellectual process of the partnership programme within the capacity is built that will determine whether the framework of the appropriate EU foreign policy nation will be able to compete successfully in a glo- instrument was the parties’ concerted effort in balised international economy. strengthening and consolidating the defi nition of One of the immediate priorities Russia sees for “European identity,” based on common values such itself is to tap its existing scientifi c, educational and as freedom of expression, free media, respect for hu- cultural potential to the maximum in order to give man rights, including the rights of minorities and an innovation impetus to its national economy. In ethnic groups, and conservation of cultural and lin- this, Russia’s strategic vision and goals have much in guistic diversity as a foundation for the continuity of common with those of the EU. civil society in Europe across borders. The formation of a worldwide research, educa- Among the abovementioned aspects of partner- tion, cultural and informational space in line with ship between Russia and the EU, I would like to the Road Map will pool the resources that have re- note in particular those areas of cultural interaction mained isolated until now, and make them serve one that directly relate to the activity of the Ministry of the foremost global causes – the cause of fostering of Culture and Mass Communications of Russia, a knowledge- and innovation-driven global economy namely: that draws on achievements in culture and the arts.

54 - promoting art and cultural projects in the Europe- The proposals also focused on the agenda pertaining an dimension: festivals, master classes, exhibitions, to broader mutual information exchange relevant to new artworks in different genres, excursions, trans- the state and evolution of cinematography in Russia lations of fi ction, scientifi c and art history literature, and EU members nations. conferences, etc.; The proposed activities constantly involve a va- - promoting short- medium- and long-term pro- riety of international organisations that have, over grammes and projects involving direct partnership be- the years, accumulated substantial hands-on experi- tween museums as a way to strengthen cultural ties, ence in international partnership, and have their conserve and study the common European heritage; own interesting ideas and innovations to offer. The - promoting cultural and educational projects on situation today appears to be highly conducive to the basis of broader partnership between art colleges developing workable mechanisms to power further and universities, focused on generating new cultural progress in cultural cohesion between Russia and resources; the EU as a single organism thriving on diverse cul- - professional training for audiovisual arts, promo- tural traditions and forms of expression. tion and dissemination and cinematographic works Cultural exchanges between Russia and EU and audiovisual programmes, support for fi lm festi- members are sometimes confi ned to individual vals, fi lm forums and other events promoting the art projects, e.g. tours by selective groups of artists, but of cinematography; they also occur when Russia contributes to interna- - facilitating closer approximation to European tional cultural highlights in Europe, e.g. festivals, broadcasting standards; shows, exhibitions, etc. - mutual consultations and incentives for collabora- Another partnership format is represented by tive work at international forums in relevant fi elds, events following up on intergovernmental or interde- in order to advance common goals and conserve partmental agreements, memoranda or programmes cultural diversity, in particular, by implementing the that envisage reciprocal national culture Years or UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Pro- Days, participation in international festivals or com- motion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions. petitions, and other more specialised projects. This partnership format was exemplifi ed by the Present status of collaboration international Europalia Russia festival, the largest recent event of its kind having taken place in 2005 Reviewing the current state of the Russia-EU cul- and 2006. The festival introduced European art tural partnership in light of common achievements lovers to the entire palette of modern Russian art, in such fi elds as education and science, it should be including performances by the Bolshoi and Mari- noted that despite the late accession to Road Map, insky Theatres, Peter Fomenko’s Studio, theatre caused by a number of different reasons, by Russian companies from Ekaterinburg, Novosibirsk, Che- institutions and authorities overseeing culture, cer- liabinsk and Khakassia; concerts by the Russian tain positive outputs have nevertheless been achieved National Orchestra and Symphony Orchestra of the in a rather short time. Moscow National Philharmonic, Soloists of Moscow When the content of the Road Map was in the chamber orchestra, and V. Popov’s choir from Mos- process of shaping up, the Ministry of Culture cow, not to mention a poetry festival, a fi lm festival and Mass Communications of Russia proposed 42 showing 10 Russian fi lms, and an animation retro- events, among them 37 in the fi eld of culture, and 5 spective. in archival research. Some other 2006 highlights bringing modern All the events focus on conserving the cultural Russian art to the EU were the events in Strasbourg heritage, expanding professional networking and celebrating Russian representation in the Council intensifying specialist exchange in art education. of Europe, the New Russian Art in London festival,

55 the Russian Winter project in Trafalgar Square, a The picture would be incomplete without at Russian art festival in Cannes, a series of concerts least a brief mention of the Moscow International celebrating Russia Day in Germany, international Modern Art Biennale, which attracts a lot of artistic events to celebrate the 100th anniversary of Dmitry talent from Europe. The fi rst Moscow Modern Art Shostakovich, the Russian Season culture festival Biennale, titled Dialectics of Hope, featuring nu- in the Czech Republic, a Russian culture festival in merous peripheral art exhibits, was held in January Macedonia, and events timed to coincide with the 2005, and was attended by artists from Austria, the 100th anniversary of H. Ibsen. UK, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Italy, Po- Russian artists have successfully participated in land, Portugal, France and Sweden. some high-profi le international projects in the EU in The Moscow Biennale showed how much the 2006, such as the Viennese Biennale, Avignon Festi- creative communities in Russia and the EU want to val, and Russian art festival in Marseilles. network, how much they want Russia and the EU Reciprocally, Russia has hosted many EU artists to be partners, setting a good example of profes- at its traditional, prestigious art festivals, to which sional and human cohesion between visual artists EU artists have contributed a great number of excit- representing many different ethnicities, schools and ing music and theatre projects that were very well styles. At least as surprising – and highly commend- received by Russian viewers and fans of modern able – was the fact that this time, EU offi cials were Western art. exceptionally unanimous in their support for the The 6th international Anton Chekhov Theatre participants of the Moscow Biennale. Festival featured theatre companies from the UK, A project of such magnitude would not have been France and Switzerland. The Chekhov Festival, possible without grants from the Austrian Cultural which has been successfully held for many years, Forum, the British Council (London-Moscow), always includes forums for Russian theatre profes- Goethe Institute (Munich-Moscow), Manifesta (the sionals and their international colleagues, as well as European Biennial of Contemporary Art), the Insti- roundtables for theatre critics and journalists. tute of Foreign Affairs (IFA, Berlin), Pete Mondrian Stars of the White Nights is another international Fund (Amsterdam), European Cultural Founda- music highlight worth a mention. The 14th interna- tion (ECF, Amsterdam), French Association for Art tional Stars of the White Nights festival, held from Projects (AFFA, Paris), and some other grantors. 10 May to 19 July 2006, brought together a constel- The 2nd Moscow Modern Art Biennale, sched- lation of eminent conductors, soloists and directors uled for February 2007, is expected to explore much from the EU. broader cultural horizons. Its guests of honour will The Dmitry Shostakovich Symphonies pro- include some celebrated European masters of the gramme featured Esa-Pekka Salonen (Finland), stage from Switzerland, Austria, Germany, the UK Anika Vavic (Germany), Paavo Järvi (Estonia), and and a few other EU nations. Maris Jansons (Finland). Other 2006 events with EU participation include The Italian Opera Masterpieces programme the 1st Presidential Music Festival, an international listed such names as Elijah Moshinski (Germany), festival of symphony orchestras, an international Gianandrea Noseda (Italy), Isabel Parcio-Pierre festival of European national theatres in Moscow (France), Rene Pape (France, Germany), Alain Mar- to celebrate the 250th anniversary since Russia fi rst atrat (France) and Ian Judge (UK). devised a national policy on theatre arts, the Rose The Philharmonic of the Nations Orchestra of Peace international youth festival, and Territoriya programme featured Justus Frantz (Germany) and modern art festival. Michael Hutler (Germany). I believe that the EU-Russia cultural partnership Moshe Leiser and Patrice Caurier (France) took facts I have named convincingly prove that our part- part in the Russian Opera Masterpieces programme. nership is real, viable, and has a lot of potential.

56 Why do we need the Road Map? What we expect from Kajaani Road Maps have worked really well in some other In our view, today’s meeting could lay the foundation areas, where partnership mechanisms are in place, for multiparty networking in the fi eld of culture. and experts meet on a regular basis. We believe that to this end, we need to formulate At the same time, cultural ties between Russia an action plan and set up a workable partnership and the EU are still not as strong as political ties mechanism. This could be a Permanent Partnership and networking in other areas, due to a number of Council (PPC) under whose auspices the ministers reasons. of culture of Russia and EU members could discuss First of all, cultural ties tend to be bilateral, so joint programmes and projects. fi nancing for cultural projects comes from mutual It is clear that we cannot hope to go beyond very arrangements. The funding opportunities of multi- tentative cooperation outlines today. The task of fi ll- lateral, e.g. EU-wide, cultural partnership are rarely, ing the Road Map with solid content will be up to if ever, invoked. joint workgroups. Secondly, information exchange between the Rus- It is also imperative that we defi ne funding sources sian and European stakeholders is not yet adequate. for our joint programmes and projects, and compile More often than not, Russia has no match for non- an appropriate cache of information on the prospec- government institutions and cooperation networks tive stakeholders from the Russian and EU sides. existing and operating in the EU. This could be In this regard, I would like to stress that we are the reason why both Russian and EU institutions now closer than we have ever been to devising effi - sometimes fail to fi nd the counterparts they need for cient joint funding solutions for our individual col- partnership. Furthermore, cultural fi gures and art- laborative projects and whole programs. ists in Russia and Europe are poorly aware of partnership opportunities. Conclusion Thirdly, for the same reason many Russian institutions are not members or participants of existing By way of conclusion, I would like once again to European partnership networks. thank our Finnish colleagues and express the hope And fi nally, certain gaps in national legislation, that the good start we have had thanks to Finland’s specifi cally, in the area of copyright protection, pre- presidency will be bolstered and further enhanced clude the parties from fully enjoying the available during Germany’s presidency in 2007. partnership opportunities. All this goes to show that we need the Road Map today more than ever before. As you probably know, we submitted Russia’s implementation proposals for the 4th Road Map in culture to Jan Figel’, EU Commissioner for Re- search, Education, Culture and Linguistic Support, last June. It is, therefore, very fortunate that we can discuss those proposals today and identify projects that will form the core of our action plan in implementing the Road Map. I know that Finnish experts have already reviewed our proposals, and think highly of them. On the other hand, we are yet to be presented with the ideas or proposals of our prospective networking partners, and, in this sense, the Kajaani meeting is special. 57 Дорожная карта ЕС – Рос- целями и задачами стратегии Евросоюза. сия по общему пространс- Построение общемирового научно-образователь- тву в области науки и об- ного и культурно-информационного пространства разования, включая куль- в рамках реализации «дорожной карты» позволит турные аспекты, с точки объединить разрозненный пока еще потенциал для зрения России реализации одной из наиболее важных для мирового сообщества целей – становления мировой экономи- Г-н Александр Сергеевич Соколов, Министр ки, базирующейся на знаниях и инновациях, вклю- культуры и массовых коммуникаций чая достижения в области культуры и искусства. Российской Федерации Краткая история. Основные подходы г.Каяни, Если вернуться к истокам создания столь неорди- 18 сентября 2006 г. нарной программы международного сотрудничест- ва, каковой является «дорожная карта», то здесь сле- дует выделить два исторически значимых события. Уважаемая Министр Саарела! Уважаемая Министр Это, во-первых, саммит в Санкт-Петербурге в мае Лехтомяки! Уважаемые дамы и господа! Уважаемые 2003 года, на котором была достигнута договорен- коллеги! ность об укреплении сотрудничества в целях со- здания пространства науки и образования, включая Позвольте поприветствовать вас от имени Минис- культурные аспекты. И, во-вторых, утверждение терства культуры и массовых коммуникаций Рос- «дорожной карты» 10 мая 2005 года в Москве Пре- сийской Федерации и всей российской делегации. зидентом России В.В.Путиным, Премьер-министром Мы приехали в Кайани, на гостеприимную финс- Люксембурга Ж.-К.Юнкером, Председателем Комис- кую землю с глубоким чувством благодарности ор- сии Европейских сообществ Ж.М.Дурау-Баррозу и ганизаторам и инициаторам этого мероприятия, ведь Верховным представителем ЕС по внешней полити- здесь, в эти дни будут закладываться основы много- ке и безопасности Х.Саланой. стороннего сотрудничества между Россией и ЕС. Последующее совместные действия России и ЕС Особую признательность хотел бы выразить фин- были направлены на продвижение структурирован- скому председательству в Евросоюзе и нашим финс- ного подхода к культурному сотрудничеству между ким коллегам, которые столь блестяще организовали Россией и расширенным Евросоюзом в плане содейс- нынешнюю встречу. твия творческой мобильности деятелей культуры и На современном этапе формирование четвертого искусства, повышению доступности культуры для общего пространства в области науки, образования населения, более широкому и качественно обосно- и культуры имеет важное значение для России, так ванному распространению искусства и культуры в как именно в этой сфере сегодня происходит нара- мировом пространстве, налаживанию межкультур- щивание интеллектуального потенциала, определя- ного диалога, углублению знания истории и куль- ющего уровень конкурентоспособности страны в турного наследия народов Европы. условиях глобализации мировой экономики. К числу позитивных моментов формирования Одной из первоочередных задач, которые ставит в программы сотрудничества в рамках соответствую- настоящее время перед собой Россия, является мак- щего инструмента ЕС по внешним связям, имеющих симальное использование имеющегося научного, серьезный политический резонанс в мире, следует, образовательного и культурного потенциала в инте- прежде всего, отнести общие усилия по укреплению ресах обеспечения инновационного развития наци- и более четкому определению европейской идентич- ональной экономики. И здесь цели и стратегические ности на основе общих ценностей, включая свободу задачи России в значительной степени совпадают с выражения, демократическое функционирование

58 СМИ, соблюдение прав человека, в том числе права Общее состояние сотрудничества на современном этапе лиц, принадлежащих к меньшинствам и этническим сообществам, сохранение культурного и языкового Анализируя состояние культурного сотрудничества многообразия как основы жизнеспособности граж- России и Евросоюза на данный период в контексте данского общества в Европе без разделительных общих достижений в таких сферах, как образование линий. и наука, следует особо подчеркнуть, что с учетом В ряду вышеперечисленных аспектов взаимо- более позднего подключения - в силу самых разных действия России и ЕС, хотелось бы также назвать те обстоятельств - российских учреждений и ведомств, направления культурного сотрудничества, которые курирующих вопросы культуры, к работе над «до- имеют непосредственное отношение к деятельности рожной картой», тем не менее , можно говорить об оп- Министерства культуры и массовых коммуникаций ределенных положительных конкретных результатах, Российской Федерации: достигнутых за сравнительно небольшой отрезок. - продвижение художественных и культурных про- Так, в процессе формирования содержательной ектов европейского измерения (фестивали, мастер- части «дорожной карты» Министерством культуры классы, выставки, создание новых произведений и массовых коммуникаций Российской Федерации искусств в различных жанрах, экскурсии, переводы было предложено 42 перспективных мероприятия, из художественной, научной и справочно-искусство- них 37 – в сфере культуры и 5 – по архивному делу. ведческой литературы, конференции); Данные мероприятия нацелены на сохранение - продвижение кратко-, средне- и долгосрочных про- культурного наследия, расширение профессиональ- грамм и проектов прямого сотрудничества между ного взаимодействия и активизацию обменов спе- музеями в целях укрепления культурных связей, со- циалистами в сфере художественного образования. хранения и изучения общеевропейского наследия; В число предложений также входит проблематика, - продвижение культурно-образовательных проек- связанная с расширением взаимного информацион- тов на базе расширения сотрудничества между ху- ного обмена относительно состояния и развития ки- дожественными институтами и университетами для нематографии в России и странах Евросоюза. создания новых культурных ресурсов; В этих целях постоянно используются различ- - подготовка профессиональных кадров в аудиови- ные международные организации, накопившие за зуальной области, продвижение и распространение время своей деятельности значительный практи- кинематографических произведений и аудиовизу- ческий опыт межгосударственного сотрудничества, альных программ, оказание поддержки проведению а также обладающие интересными собственными кинофестивалей, кинофорумов и иных мероприя- разработками и инновациями. Все это позволяет тий, пропагандирующих кинематографическое ис- использовать сегодня уникальную возможность со- кусство; здания действенных механизмов, способствующих - содействие сближению с европейскими стандарта- дальнейшему развитию культурного взаимодейс- ми вещания; твия России со странами Евросоюза как единого - проведение консультаций и развитие сотрудничес- организма с использованием разнообразных форм и тва в рамках соответствующих международных фо- культурных традиций. румов для защиты общих целей и сохранения куль- Культурные обмены между Россией и страна- турного многообразия, в особенности путем реали- ми-членами ЕС происходят как в рамках самостоя- зации Конвенции ЮНЕСКО о защите разнообразия тельных проектов (например, гастролей отдельных культурного содержания и форм художественного художественных коллективов), так и в ходе участия выражения. российской стороны в наиболее значимых между- народных проектах, реализуемых в странах Европы (фестивалях, выставках, смотрах и т.п.).

59 Другим видом взаимодействия являются мероп- в России, то здесь можно обнаружить большое ко- риятия, проводимые в рамках подписанных меж- личество интересных театральных и музыкальных правительственных или межведомственных согла- проектов из стран Европы, востребованных россий- шений, протоколов, программ, предусматривающих скими зрителями и приверженцами современного проведение национальных обменных годов, дней западного искусства. культуры, участие в международных фестивалях и Так, в VI Международном театральном фестивале конкурсах, а также иных специальных проектах. имени А.П.Чехова были представлены театральные К такому виду мероприятий относится крупней- постановки из Великобритании, Франции и Швей- шая за последние годы акция – международный царии. В рамках этого многолетнего весьма успеш- фестиваль «Европалия – Россия», проходивший в ного театрального проекта постоянно организуются 2005-2006 годах. В рамках фестиваля европейскому профессиональные встречи с российскими и зару- зрителю был представлен весь спектр российского бежными деятелями театра, а также круглые столы искусства. Показаны спектакли Большого и Мари- с участием театральных критиков и журналистов. инского театров, Мастерской Петра Фоменко, теат- Заслуживает внимания и такой международный ров из Екатеринбурга, Новосибирска, Челябинска, музыкальный проект, как фестиваль «Звезды белых Хакасии. Состоялись концерты Российского Нацио- ночей». Так, в рамках ХIV Международного фести- нального оркестра и Симфонического оркестра Мос- валя «Звезды белых ночей», проходившего с 10 мая ковской государственной филармонии, камерного по 19 июля 2006 года, был представлен целый ряд оркестра «Солисты Москвы», Московского хора п/у блестящих дирижеров, солистов и постановщиков В.Попова. Прошел также поэтический фестиваль. из стран ЕС. Состоялся показ 10 российских фильмов и ретрос- В программе «Исполнение симфоний пективный показ анимационных фильмов. Д.Д.Шостаковича» с успехом выступили Эса Пека К крупным знаковым проектам 2006 года, пред- Салонен (Финляндия), Аника Вавич (Германия), Па- ставляющим современное российское искусство в аво Ярви (Эстония), Марис Янсонс (Финляндия). странах Евросоюза, следует отнести мероприятия В программе «Шедевры итальянской оперы» - в Страсбурге в рамках представительства России в Элайджа Мошински (Германия), Джанандреа Нозеда Совете Европы, фестиваль «Новое русское искусст- (Италия), Изабель Парсьо-Пьерри (Франция), Рене во в Лондоне», проект «Русская зима» на Трафаль- Папе (Франция-Германия), Ален Маратра (Франция), гарской площади, фестиваль российского искусства Иан Джадж (Великобритания). в Каннах, концертная программа празднования Дня В программе «Оркестр «Филармония наций» - России в ФРГ, организация международных акций в Юстус Франтц (Германия), Михаэль Гютлер (Гер- рамках празднования 100-летия Д.Д.Шостаковича, мания). фестиваль российской культуры в Чехии «Русский В программе « Шедевры русской оперы» - Моше сезон», Фестиваль российской культуры в Македо- Ляйзер, Патрис Корье (Франция). нии и мероприятия в рамках празднования 100-ле- Позволю себе также хотя бы вкратце охарактери- тия Г.Ибсена. зовать основные параметры Московской междуна- Успешно прошло участие российских коллекти- родной биеннале современного искусства, поскольку вов и в наиболее значимых международных проек- данный проект оказался довольно притягательным тах, проводимых в странах Евросоюза в 2006 году, для художников из стран Европы. Первая московс- таких, как международная выставка «Венецианская кая биеннале современного искусства «Диалектика биеннале», международный Авиньонский фести- надежды», которая включала дополнительные мно- валь, фестиваль русского искусства в Марселе. гочисленные специальные выставочные проекты, со- Что же касается сотрудничества со странами ЕС стоялась в январе 2005 года, в ней приняли участие в рамках наиболее престижных международных художники из Австрии, Великобритании, Германии, фестивалей искусства, традиционно проходящих Голландии, Испании, Италии, Польши, Португалии, Франции и Швеции. 60 Именно реализация этого проекта продемонс- Почему нам нужна «дорожная карта»? трировала огромную заинтересованность предста- Можно констатировать, что «дорожные карты» в вителей культуры в творческих контактах, в тесном других сферах деятельности достаточно успешно сотрудничестве России и стран Европы, а также реализуются, созданы и функционируют механиз- профессиональную и человеческую солидарность мы сотрудничества, регулярно проводятся встречи мастеров изобразительного искусства разных на- экспертов. циональностей, разных школ и стилей. Не менее Вместе с тем, следует отметить, что уровень куль- удивительно и одновременно похвально, что так на- турного связей России и ЕС отстает от уровня раз- зываемое сословие европейских чиновников прояви- вития политических контактов и взаимодействия в ло потрясающее единодушие в оказании всяческой других областях сотрудничества. И это происходит поддержки участникам Московской биеннале. по ряду причин. Реализация такого крупного проекта стала воз- Во-первых, как известно, культурные связи пре- можной благодаря грантам Австрийского Культур- имущественно развиваются на двусторонней осно- ного Форума, Британского совета (Лондон-Москва), ве. Соответственно, и финансирование культурных Гете-института (Мюнхен-Москва), Европейской би- проектов реализуется на основе взаимных догово- еннале современного искусства «Манифеста», Ин- ренностей. Здесь практически не задействуются ме- ститута международных отношений (IFA, Берлин), ханизмы финансирования многостороннего куль- Фонда Пита Мондриана (Амстердам), European турного сотрудничества, в том числе в рамках ЕС. Cultural Foundation (ECF, Амстердам), Французской Во-вторых, между российскими и европейски- ассоциации художественных проектов (AFFA, Па- ми участниками отсутствует обмен информацией риж) и некоторых других. в должной степени. Надо признать, что в России Вторая Московская биеннале современного ис- зачастую нет аналогов тем общественным струк- кусства, намеченная на февраль 2007 года, к слову, турам и сетям сотрудничества, которые созданы и значительно расширяет свои культурные парамет- функционируют в Евросоюзе. Видимо, поэтому как ры и планирует пригласить в качестве специальных российские, так и европейские учреждения и ор- гостей крупнейших мастеров европейской сцены из ганизации не всегда могут найти себе достойных Швейцарии, Австрии, Германии, Великобритании и партнеров. Следует признать, что деятели культуры ряда других стран. как в России, так и в Европе слабо информированы Кроме того, в 2006 году успешно реализуются та- о возможностях сотрудничества. кие мероприятия с участием представителей стран В-третьих, видимо, по этой же причине многие Евросоюза, как Первый международный фестиваль российские организации не являются членами или симфонических оркестров «Президентский музы- не входят в существующие европейские структуры кальный фестиваль», Международный фестиваль сотрудничества. национальных театров Европы в Москве в рамках В-четвертых, различия в законодательствах, осо- празднования 250-летия начала государственной бенно в части защиты интеллектуальной собствен- политики в области театрального искусства России, ности, не позволяют в полной мере реализовать име- международный молодежный фестиваль «Роза мира», ющиеся возможности сотрудничества. фестиваль современного искусства «Территория». Все это приводит нас к мысли о том, что «дорож- Таким образом, думаю, приведенные здесь, в мо- ная карта» нужна нам сегодня как никогда. ем выступлении, факты культурного сотрудничес- Многие из вас должно быть знают, что в июне тва России и стран-членов ЕС вполне убедительно этого года мы передали предложения Российской свидетельствуют о реальности, жизнеспособности и Федерации по реализации четвертой «дорожной перспективности нашего сотрудничества. карты» в сфере культуры Комиссару ЕС по науке, образованию, культуре и лингвистическому обеспе- чению Яну Фигелю. И я рад, что сегодня мы можем

61 обсудить их и наметить те проекты, которые лягут в основу «плана действий» по реализации «дорожной карты». Я знаю, что финские эксперты уже изучили наши предложения и по достоинству их оценили. Вместе с тем, мы пока еще не ознакомлены с воз- можными предложениями наших потенциальных партнеров по сотрудничеству. И этом смысле встре- ча в Кайани имеет особое значение.

Что мы ожидаем от встречи в Каяни? Нам представляется, что сегодняшняя встреча могла бы заложить основы многостороннего сотрудничес- тва в сфере культуры. Для этого, по нашему мнению, необходимо сфор- мировать «план действий» и создать действенный механизм партнерства. Им мог бы стать Постоянный совет партнерства (ПСП), в рамках которого минис- тры культуры России и стран-членов ЕС могли бы обсуждать совместные проекты и программы. Понятно, что сегодня мы только наметим общие контуры сотрудничества. Дальнейшую работу по наполнению дорожной карты должны осуществить совместные рабочие группы. Необходимо также определить источники финан- сирования совместных программ и проектов и со- здать соответствующий банк данных о возможных участниках со стороны России и стран-членов Ев- росоюза. В этой связи хочу подчеркнуть, что сегодня мы как никогда прежде близки к тому, чтобы совместно финансировать отдельные проекты и программы в рамках нашего сотрудничества.

Заключение И в заключение позвольте еще раз поблагодарить финских коллег и выразить надежду, что хороший старт, состоявшийся благодаря финскому председа- тельству, будет подхвачен и развит во время немец- кого председательства в 2007 году.

62 Culture and Economy, European From the perspective of global economic policy Identity on Global markets and the regulation of international trade, the increased relevance of the creative, “intangible” Ms Paula Lehtomäki, Minister for Foreign Trade component in economic production has important and Development, Finland consequences. The most obvious of these concerns is the international regulation of intellectual property. Ladies and gentlemen, Minister Sokolov, it is my This means things like patents and trademarks. pleasure to address you at this conference. I am proud The WTO’s TRIPS agreement (Agreement on of this event, organised by Finnish Ministry of Educa- the Trade-Related aspects of Intellectual Property tion, to be part of the Finnish EU-Presidency. Promot- rights), concluded in the mid 1990’s, can be seen as ing fresh, concrete steps on the dialogue between EU having marked the beginning of the true globalisa- and Russia is an honour for Finland. tion of intellectual property questions. By linking Culture is vital part of national policies and iden- the regulation of intellectual property to the WTO, tities in every country. Despite the overwhelming the TRIPS reaches all states that are members of the nature of globalisation, local, regional and national multilateral trading system. Currently many region- special characteristics are still very strong. Economic al and bilateral trade agreements contain elements of globalisation has not demolished culture, but it has IPR cooperation, too. given also culture many opportunities. The importance of creative content in global The economic and industrial signifi cance of crea- production is also illustrated by the fact that many tivity has been growing rapidly in recent years and current and impending international trade disputes the “creative industries” or the “creative economy” are directly related to IPR questions. In many cases account for an ever-increasing proportion of the glo- disputes arise because of piratism, or the perceived bal economy. Ideas and knowledge are an important incapacity of authorities to control this activity. Music part of trade. recordings, movies and software are diffi cult to create Many national economies have gradually become -- but very easy to copy. This problem was much less so effi cient at producing physical goods that most signifi cant in the pre-digital era. This one example of their workforce have been freed up to provide shows, how new technology can bring new opportu- services or to produce abstract goods such as data, nities but also unwanted sides at the same time. software, news, entertainment, design or advertising. In addition to intellectual property questions, Economic growth is less and less reliant on tradi- states are paying more and more attention to in- tional factors of production. ternational cooperation that aims at generating This transformation has been supported by tech- favourable conditions for creativity and innovation. nological developments, digitalisation and deregula- Indeed, innovation is a theme that tends to fi gure, tion which have both multiplied the distribution in one way or another, on the agenda of most high- channels available for creative content, and boosted level meetings between economic policymakers these the demand for such content at a global level. days. Innovation and creativity are so to say, on eve- And the phenomenon is not limited to “creative rybody’s lips today. industries” only. Creativity is increasingly being seen Ladies and gentlemen, as mentioned already at as the strategy that all businesses must adopt to take the beginning, globalisation has not narrowed the on the challenges of globalisation. It represents a key spectrum of culture. Globalisation has still chal- policy area because it is a process that is fundamen- lenged also the regulation of products of creative tal to knowledge-based societies. Therefore it is our industries. common challenge to understand the word culture International regulation of abstract, intangible very broadly - even though the very fi rst associations elements of production such as knowledge or intel- often refer to a pretty traditional concept. lectual property is more complex than the regula-

63 tion of concrete, traditional phenomena such as the I am sure that the fi ght against piracy is in our com- cross-border movement of physical goods. mon interest in all sectors including culture. As a result, the role and infl uence of international From a European perspective, the current trans- institutions working in this area - such as the WTO formations and structural changes in the global - area are often misunderstood, unfortunately. It is economy present particular challenges. The pro- argued, for example, that economic integration and duction practices of multinational companies have the implementation of multilateral trade rules will undergone a major change, and industrial produc- destroy the distinctiveness of national cultures, or at tion has increasingly shifted towards the emerging least signifi cantly limit the choices available to gov- economies, particularly to Asia. At the same time, ernments in protecting these local characteristics. European leaders are faced with an ageing popula- Viewed against our experience so far, this argu- tion and other structural problems. ment is mostly false. In many areas relating to for- In Russia the situation is not entirely different. eign trade, the WTO agreements establish certain Although the structures of European and Russian minimum standards for national regulatory regimes economies are currently quite divergent, they both and try to ensure that these do not unnecessarily function in a similar global setting and are obliged discriminate against foreign economic operators. to adapt to the logic of globalise production. Moderate regulatory convergence, however, does not In this situation, growth in economic productiv- necessarily mean cultural convergence, and multilat- ity can no longer rest upon traditional industries or eral trade cooperation is not synonymous to the ho- production only. Instead, we must increasingly build mogenisation of local values, traditions and habits. upon the creative skills of our individuals, networks In fact, it is important not to lose sight of the and organisations. Creative industries are quickly benefi ts that international trade rules can provide to becoming one of the key sectors for maintaining the cultural industries and to the creative economy international competitiveness in the changing world. as a whole. The liberalisation of international trade Also from this point of view I am sure, dialogue enhances competition, thus bolstering innovation between EU and Russia, can help both of us. and creativity within the sectors of economy subject Ladies and gentlemen, culture as such is of course to that liberalisation. Culture thrives in open, inno- valuable in itself. Culture can serve also economical vative societies – not in the ones artifi cially sheltered and political aims. I am personally a living example, from foreign infl uence or competition. how culture can arouse interest towards a foreign Creative industries also stand to benefi t from the culture, Russia in my case. Being born only some international regulatory regime that promotes the kilometres away from Russian border, I often visited implementation of intellectual property rights. Theft Russian city called Kostamus with a child choir. of intellectual property is often lethal to innovation, These cultural activities among children and youth and detrimental to the long-term economic viability were crucial in creating my ambition to learn Rus- of the sectors plagued by it. Piracy also tends to di- sian language and to learn understanding Russian minish the diversity of cultural production by push- society. I wish you all most successful conference. ing small entrepreneurs out of business. May your stay in the Kainuu -region be full of Russia has the largest pirate music market in the fruitful discussions and also good pieces of Finnish world after China and is the source of millions il- culture. This area is known for its strong regional legal discs that have been seized in almost 30 coun- identity, so it should provide you a very good atmos- tries around the world. On a global scale we also phere to discuss cultural aspects of the EU-Russia know that piratism affects a growing number of -dialogue. economic sectors. In addition to recordings, movies, software and like, it extends to highly sophisticated consumer products, and the business is growing fast.

64 Cultural Cooperation between EU uniting us and which are going beyond individualistic and Russia approaches. Let me highlight here at this moment this dualistic Mr Vladimir Šucha, Director for Culture approach and mention, as it was mentioned by Min- and Communication, Education and Culture ister Sokolov as well, the UNESCO Convention on Directorate General, European Commission Cultural Diversity. We still need to keep this in mind, and I think that the Convention is an excellent ex- Dear Minister, Honourable Minister of the Rus- ample of joint work of European Union, of individual sian Federation, Ladies and Gentlemen, it’s my Member States in European Communities, as well as great pleasure to be here and represent in this forum with a great support from Russian Federation. This is Commissioner Figel’ and particularly Mrs Quintin, a good example of joint common approach of Euro- Director General of the DG Education and Culture, pean Union, hand in hand with other partners from who planned even on Friday to come, but the latest most of the countries in the world. And of course the development did not allow her to participate in this Russian Federation was and is still an important part- Meeting. Let me express deepest appreciation to the ner in this process. It was successfully completed, but Finnish Presidency for organizing this particularly it’s not completed entirely. Still we have ratifi cation important and very interesting Meeting in this par- process ahead of us. Let me express the wish of Com- ticular place with signifi cance, as we just heard from missioner and the European Commission for the rati- Finish minister here in Kainuu Province. I think it’s fi cation of the Unesco Convention as soon as possible. a very signifi cant place to discuss this intercultural We would be very happy if Russian Federation along cooperation between Russian Federation and Euro- with European Union, European Communities, is pean Union and European Communities. amongst the fi rst 30 countries ratifying and deposit- I would like at the beginning to highlight and un- ing instruments of ratifi cation. derline the work of Rapporteurs, because we are not This intercultural diversity leads to intercultural at the very starting point at this stage. They are all of- dialogue, which is something extremely important. fi cials, administrators at different levels from the Rus- As the Finnish minister mentioned, we are facing sian Federation, the German Presidency, the Finnish globalization, and many aspects of globalization are Presidency and the European Commission. They are leading to fear. I fully agree that it’s not a threat, it’s working together to prepare the fi nal document for a challenge, but not always fully understood, so that the cooperation in this respect. we need to work on this in this direction. For this we Let me now move to culture as such, as it was al- need intercultural dialogue, frank and deep mutual ready mentioned by Minister Sokolov and Minister understanding of our values, and the looking for a Lehtomäki. They presented different points of view common space in that fi eld. on what culture is, and we always need to stress this That leads to an initiative of the European Union dual character of culture. Culture is very local, very to establish year 2008 as the year of intercultural particular, very regional, very national, connected dialogue. The process of establishing it is not fi nished to national identity. But on the other side, culture yet, but hopefully it will be completed within a cou- goes beyond the borders, culture is uniting, culture ple of weeks. We are at the moment already working is about values. And always when talking about cul- on it, and there’s an online-consultation with stake- ture we need to keep this in our minds. Culture can holders and institutions from European Union on the be misused, and it was misused couple of times for possible and most important initiatives. This is also a particular national or sometimes nationalistic aspects good opportunity to co-operate with Russian Federa- and targets. But what we are going to do here, and tion and to fi nd common and joint activities and ac- why we are meeting here in Kainuu under the Finn- tions with high visibility. ish Presidency, is to fi nd common values which are

65 As it was mentioned a couple of times, we may feel EU-Russia Road Map on the that we are at the beginning of the process of estab- Common Space of Research lishing cooperation with Russian Federation and Eu- and Education, including Cultural ropean Union. I think that from some point of view Aspects we are at the beginning, but at the same time it’s not really just a starting point. As it was mentioned Mr John Penny, Principal Administrator, and highlighted by minister Sokolov, we have quite External Relations Directorate General, European a lot of common activities which have already been Commission organized in the past. I would like to bring your attention to an excellent initiative of the organizers of Minister Saarela, Minister Sokolov, ladies and gen- this Meeting to put together all information available tlemen, colleagues, it is a great pleasure to be here to the brochure. I think that this brochure is giving today in Kajaani to take part in this important very good examples of the diversity of cooperation, initiative by the Finnish Presidency of the EU. The which is ongoing at different levels, at the European European Commission very much welcomes the level, but also at the bilateral level between individual chance to take forward cooperation with Russia in Member States and Russian Federation. the area of culture and sees the opportunity to sig- Let me highlight from the Commission’s point of nifi cantly raise the level of cooperation to the mu- view a couple of initiatives which were co-fi nanced tual benefi t of the people of the EU and of Russia. and co-organized by the European Commission and I want to say a few words about: the Russian Federation. A very good example is the European Union prize for cultural heritage, Europa • Relations between the EU and Russia and where the Nostra award, which was awarded just couple of Road Map on cultural cooperation fi ts in; • What the Commission has done, is doing, and can months ago to Russian Karelian village, Kanajärvi, do in the future; and for the preservation of cultural heritage. Also we can • How we see the way forward. go back a couple of years to St. Petersburg event, which was a very good example, and I think that we 1. Relations between the EU and Russia can date to that event the beginning of a real cultural and where the Road Map on cultural common space in common cooperation. I will come cooperation fi ts in. to some other examples at the presentation which I will have in the afternoon concerning the Culture The Roadmap was agreed in May 2005 with a programme 2000 and Culture programme 2007. view to the implementation of the Common Spaces We are here to discuss the way forward. What we agreed in 2003 at the St. Petersburg Summit. The can do, what we should do, what our possibilities Roadmap aims to: “ reinforce cooperation with a and challenges are. We have two days ahead of us, view to creating a space of research and education, two days of discussions and exchange of views on including cultural aspects. This should reinforce different aspects. But at the same time the coopera- people-to-people contacts, promote common values tion is reality. In two days I hope most of you will and contribute to increase the competitiveness of the come over to St. Petersburg, which is not far from EU and Russian economies.” here, to open European Heritage Days. It ´s very signifi cant that this opening is organized under the The Objective was to: Russian presidency of the Council of Europe. -To capitalize on the strong EU and Russian intel- So then let’s see this opportunity of having this lectual heritage and knowledge capital and in the Meeting as the challenge of drafting a real Road process promote economic growth involving civil so- Map, a real Action Plan for further cooperation. I ciety of the EU and Russia and strengthen the com- wish you all the success, and I wish us all the success petitiveness of the Russian and the EU economies. in this work. Thank you very much. 66 -To intensify links and exchanges in the fi elds of These occasions will also be marked by special education, youth and culture and to promote the events. identifi cation and adoption of best practices. Several other projects will be announced shortly -To promote a structured approach to cultural coop- when the selection procedure from this year’s Insti- eration between the enlarged EU and Russia, tution Building Partnership Programme (IBPP) -To foster the creativity and mobility of artists, pub- call for proposals is completed. lic access to culture, the dissemination of art and This programme, managed by the Commission’s culture, inter-cultural dialogue and knowledge of Delegation in Moscow, includes the promotion of the history and cultural heritage of the peoples of projects in the cultural fi eld. The programme pro- Europe. vides grants to NGOs (non governmental organisations) and local & regional authorities. 2. What the Commission has done, is The main objective is to stimulate citizens´ doing, and can do in the future initiative and to strengthen the capacity of eligible organizations. The European Commission has been working with A basic prerequisite is the setting-up of an inter- Russian partners on projects in the cultural fi eld for national partnership (between at least two organisa- a number of years, very often in close collaboration tions from at least one Tacis country and from at with the EU Member States. These projects have least one EU Member State). included art exhibitions, fi lm weeks bringing the In the spring of 2007 a specifi c call for proposals best of European fi lm to Russian audiences, both in for cultural projects which are in line with the ob- Moscow and in the regions including Kaliningrad., jectives of the Roadmap covering the Fourth Com- presentations, and a wide range of other events. mon Space will be launched for which a budget of 2 Two projects currently under way deserve men- million euros is available. Grants are up to 400 000 tion: one in Kaliningrad aimed at capacity build- Euros each. The objectives are: ing for cultural institutions, and one at ‘Yasnaya Polyana’ the former home of Tolstoy, which aims to — to promote a structured approach to cultural provide training for Russian teachers and experts in cooperation between the enlarged EU and Russia; to foster the creativity and mobility of artists; cultural tourism development. — to improve public access to culture; In May 2006, 6000 visitors came to an EU ‘fair’ — to disseminate art and culture; on Red Square to get to know the different Mem- — to promote inter-cultural dialogue and knowledge of ber States of the EU. This event was a partnership the history and cultural heritage of the peoples of between the EU, the Moscow Students Centre and Europe. the city authorities including folk groups, national dance troupes, and round table discussions aimed at My colleague from our Moscow Delegation Juana bringing the EU a little closer to the concerns and Mera is here today and I am sure will be pleased to realities of the general public. advise you further if you are interested. In the Spring and Summer of 2007 the Euro- In the future, fi nancial cooperation with Russia pean Commission and the EU Member States, in will be through a new regulation (replacing the ex- partnership with the National Tretyakov Gallery is isting Tacis Programme). known as the ‘European staging a major exhibition of artwork from Russia Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument’. and the EU celebrating the 150th anniversary of This Instrument will make 15 million euros avail- the Tretyakov. able for the Four Common Spaces with perhaps 2-3 More anniversaries are coming up in 2007: 10 million for Common Space 4. years of the EU-Russia Partnership and Cooperation Agreement and 50 years since the Treaty of Rome.

67 3. So what is the way forward? The wealth of both Russia and the EU in terms of cultural heritage is obviously enormous and the potential for exploiting this wealth in order to bring people closer together and promote better mutual understanding unquestionable. The Commission is only one player. The Mem- ber States bilateral programmes are very important. Russia’s own resources are signiﬁ cant. Civil society, voluntary organizations and the business community all have a vital role to play. These actors must all be fully associated with moving cultural cooperation between the EU and Russia onto a higher level. Vice President of the European Commission Jacques Barrot, Commissioner for Transport, said two weeks ago in Finland at a meeting with his Rus- sian counterpart that he observed a convergence of views between the EU and Russia in most areas of policy. This is certainly the case today with regard to cultural cooperation. We must use the opportunity we now have to make a difference.

In conclusion:

One of the means of following up the recommendations which I hope will come out of today’s meeting is a Permanent Partnership Council ( PPC ) meeting. This is a high level meeting between the Minister of Culture of Russia, the EU Presidency, and the Commissioner responsible for cultural affairs in the European Commission. Such a PPC should be supported by a Working Group which should meet from time to time to pursue the implementation of a Cooperation Action Plan. We already have a list of proposals from the Russia Min- istry of Culture which can be the basis for further discussion. The momentum must be maintained and the opportunity grasped to do much more in the cultural ﬁ eld than we are doing at present. The Commission will do everything it can to support this objective and I look forward to playing my own part in this process. Thank you for your attention!

68 and its sub-programmes, Finland’s own scheme for 5.2. Other speeches from the cooperation with adjacent regions, and the like. Expert Meeting: 2. For historical reasons, cultural cooperation between Finland and Russia had been faltering during the Promotion of Artistic and Cultural 20th century, whereas in the 19th century, Finnish culture had beneﬁ ted from its proximity to St Pe- Projects with an European tersburg. The route from this city to Europe went Dimension through Helsinki, and different continental ensembles often stopped in Helsinki on their way to St Peters- burg. - Now we had to rebuild cooperation struc- Ms Riitta Kaivosoja, Director General, tures. Department for Cultural, Sport and Youth Policy, The focus of the Forum was grassroots level ac- Ministry of Education, Finland tion. There was interest in cooperation in both countries, but how to ﬁ nd a partner interested in EU-Russia Culture Expert Meeting cooperation around the same theme? How to make Kajaani sure that the partner is the right one? 18.9.2006 What, then, is the Forum procedure?

Ladies and gentlemen, It is a great pleasure for me Finnish-Russian Cultural forums to share with you the experiences we have gained and project proposals over the years from cultural cooperation with Rus- sia. I have followed its development from its new Forum Year Project proposals beginning. By a new beginning I mean 1999 when Helsinki 2000 38 the preparations for the Finnish-Russian Cultural Novgorod 2001 91 Lappeenranta 2002 69 Forum began. During the 1990s Russia underwent St. Petersburg 2003 106 a major internal change, which also infl uenced her Turku 2004 80 foreign relations, including cultural ones. After Vologda 2005 154 1992, the structures of cultural cooperation between Kajaani 2006 102 our countries had to be rebuilt. For various reasons, new doers were not found on either side of the bor- The fi rst Finnish-Russian Cultural Forum was ar- der. After Finland joined the European Union in ranged in Helsinki in 2000. The organisers received 1995, Finnish cultural actors were focusing on EU notifi cation of some 50 different project concepts cooperation; interest in the eastern major power of conceived by Finnish cultural actors looking for culture waned for a while. Russian partners. They could not, however, specify Like science and scholarship, culture is a self-cor- who, from what region would be the right partner recting system. The cultural wealth of Russia, her for their project. creative and rapidly renewing art life began to inter- The Helsinki Forum was attended by a partner est Finns again. The problem was lack of coopera- from North-West Russia for each Finnish project tion structures and fi nancing. It was to this end that concept with a view to negotiations. The party of- we launched the Finnish-Russian Cultural Forum. fering a project concept and the prospective partner The rationale behind the Forum was two-fold: are called a partner pair in the Forum. Each pair had access to an interpreter and could thus explore 1. The role of culture in the national economy is grow- the feasibility of the Finnish proposal for a project. ing. This is why we thought that the cultural sector In this way they found out if the project concept should be taken into account in the allocation of aid had support on both sides and could discuss ways to for the promotion of business and civil society from various sources. What we particularly had in mind carry out the project. were the EU structural funds, the Tacis programme

69 The expectation in the Forum is not that each their turn. In 2002 the Forum was held in Lap- partner pair should actually come up with a con- peenranta and in 2003 in St Petersburg, when the crete project. Finding out that a given project is city celebrated its 300th anniversary. The ﬁ fth anni- not feasible is also considered a good result. This versary Forum was held in Turku, the sixth in Vo- prevents money and effort to be squandered on an logda. The project proposals at this seventh Forum unfeasible undertaking. here in Kajaani are put forward by the Finnish side. The next Forum was held in the historic city of We have been expecting a gradual decrease in the Veliky Novgorod in 2001. This Forum in turn need for these Forums − that all prospective partners discussed Russian proposals. Finland brought Finn- in Finland have found their Russian partners and ish partners for the Russian organisations seeking vice versa, which would have meant that the Forum partners. With the help of interpreters, these partner had fulﬁ lled its purpose. This has not happened. pairs discussed the feasibility of implementing the Interest in cooperation seems to be growing. Russian project proposals. What are the suggested projects like, then? And so the process went on. Cultural actors on both sides offered proposals for consideration in

Field Number of projects 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Management training 10 8 11 9 0 2 3

General exchange in the ﬁ elds of education, culture and 32 4 13 experiences (also student exchange and language training)

Art education 52

Libraries/literature 46129102011

Visual arts education 046 31 6

Visual arts 0 6 10 10 12 12 22

Tourism 4 8 6 10 16 6

Music/teaching, research 16313715

Music/orchestras, sound art 4185 91413

Museums 167828 6

Circus 111100

Industrial art/handicraft 354638 5

Dance, theatre 34495123

Cinema, photography 270451

Folklore and general cultural exchange 5120 8223

War history 6 3

Cross-cultural projects 175

Virtual, internet and multimedia projects 1

Total 38 91 69 106 80 154 100

70 The project concepts cover the whole spectrum of This exchange has generated new partnerships and culture: from pottery to opera; from student orches- new projects, as well as enriched and expanded the tras to symphony orchestras; from festivals to library original ideas. cooperation. One important fi eld of development has The conclusion one could draw in terms of the been cultural tourism. We have made an important EU-Russian cooperation programme is that it is observation concerning the art-specifi c and thematic important to offer an opportunity for those seri- partner projects. There can be several prospective ously looking for partners to meet and discuss in an partner pairs wishing to discuss cooperation i relating organised setting, not cultural or art matters in gen- to cultural heritage. So, we have started to arrange eral, but concrete projects. thematic discussions, where all the pairs interested in But let’s return to the Forum. How did we fi nd heritage cooperation present their ideas to each other. out who wanted to cooperate? Who looked for and found partners in each country?

Forum working groups

Russian working group Chairman Aleksander Sergeevich Sokolov, Minister for Culture and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation Vice-chairman Yuri Aleksandrovich Shubin, Director of Cultural Department, Ministry for Culture and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation

Finnish working group Chairman Tanja Saarela, Minister of Culture

Vice-chairman Riitta Kaivosoja, Director General, Department for Cultural, Sport and Youth Policy, Ministry of Education

Both countries set up a working group responsible for steering matters relating to the Forum. At present the Russian working group is chaired by Minister Alexander Sergejevich Sokolov and the Finnish one by our Minister of Culture Tanja Saare- la. The vice-chair of the Russian group is one of the Forum pioneers, Mr J.A. Shubin, former chair of the Novgorod Oblast cultural committee and of the umbrella organisation for the 12 regions in North- West Russia. Currently, Juri Aleksandrovich directs the Cultural Department of the Russian Federation Ministry of Culture and Mass Communication. I am the vice-chair of the Finnish working group.

71 Russian working group

Members

Vladimir Borisovich Bogush, Chairman of the Cultural Committee of the Leningrad Oblast Irina Viktorovna Gubina, Chairman of the Cultural Committee of the Arkhangelsk Oblast Viktor Vladimirovich Ostrenko, Chairman of the Cultural Committee of the Pskov Oblast Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Bobrova, Minister of Culture of the Republic of Komi Mihail Anatolevich Andreyev, Head of the Cultural Department of the Kaliningrad Oblast Galina Toivovna Brun, Minister of Culture of the Republic of Karelia Nikolai Mihailovich Volokitin, Chairman of the Cultural Committee of the Tver Oblast Valentina Vasilyevna Ratsko, Chairman of the Cultural Department of the Vologda Oblast Sergey Borisovich Yershov, Chairman of the Cultural and Arts Committee of the Murmansk Oblast Natalya Vasilyevna Grigoryeva, Chairman of the Committee of Culture, Cinema and Tourism of the Novgorod Oblast Nikolai Vitalyevich Burov, Chairman of the Cultural Committee of St. Petersburg Marina Yurievna Smarovoz, Head of the Cultural Administration of the Nenets National Territory

The Russian working group is composed of the minsters of culture and chairpersons of the cultural committees in the 12 subjects in North-West Russia. It is currently chaired by Mr Vladimir Borisovich Bogush, who is the chair of the Leningrad Oblast cultural committee.

Finnish working group

Members

Pirjo Ala-Kapee, Governor of Eastern Finland Anneli Taina, Governor of Southern Finland Hannele Pokka, Governor of Lapland Eino Siuruainen, Governor of Oulu province Rauno Saari, Governor of Western Finland Merja Hannus, Secretary General of the Finland-Russia Friendship Society Olli Saarela, Director of Youth division, Department for Cultural, sport and Youth Policy, Ministry of Education Maija Lummepuro, Counsellor for Cultural Affairs, Ministry of Education; Secretary of the Working group Paula Tuomikoski, Head of Cultural Export Division, Ministry of Education; Finnish main coordinator of the Cultural forum

72 The Finnish working group is composed of fi ve gov- cultural actors in other EU Member States and Rus- ernors, some offi cials and the Secretary General of the sia. The Moscow Summit, which adopted the Road Finland-Russia Friendship Society. Maps, was such an expression of political will. It At fi rst sight, this might look like really old-fash- requires a cooperation action plan to translate the ioned bureaucracy, but it is not. The role of these stated policy into concrete action and to specify the working groups has been to deliver political support forms and structures of cooperation. and the necessary administrative and fi nancial as- In Finland the governors and their staffs − with sistance in order to make the grassroots-level action valuable help from regional art councils − have possible. looked for Finns that have designed projects and are The Forum has shown that the cultural fi eld seeking Russian partners and for Russians seeking needs a politically approved concept of action which Finnish partners. On the other side of the border, commits the authorities in both countries to giving the cultural authorities in North-West Russia have their assistance and support to the grassroots level. done the same. I believe the same applies to cooperation between

The organizers of the Cultural Forum

Finland-Russia Friendship Society Finnish main organizer of the Cultural Forums since 2004 Finnish Ministry of Education Steers and funds Cultural Forum activities in Finland Novgorod Oblast cultural committee Russian main organizer of the Cultural Forums since 2000 Ministry of Culture and Mass Communi- cations of the Russian Federation Steers and funds Cultural Forum activities in Russia Finnish-Russian Joint Working Group Steers and coordinates activities relating to the Cultural Forum

The quest for Forum partners is a year-long process Translating the partner projects from one lan- led by two nerve centres. The Finnish one used to guage to the other is a major undertaking. This be at the Ministry of Education, but is now at the year, for instance, one hundred project forms have Finland-Russia Friendship Society. In North-West already been translated. Interpretation in general Russia, the body responsible for gathering partner and for the partner pairs in particular is a huge item pairs is the Novgorod Oblast cultural committee. of expenditure. This Kajaani Forum has a total of From the outset, the action has been very trans- 26 Finnish-Russian interpreters. parent. The names of prospective partners and the In translation and the Forum arrangements, requests for partners are accessible on the web site. we have relied on the help of our universities. At The Russian pages are maintained by a webmaster the Ministry of Education and the Finland-Rus- in Novgorod and the Finnish ones by the Finland- sia Friendship Society, we have annually three to Russia Friendship Society six civil service trainees, who are higher education The ministries of culture in both countries, pro- students doing three-month traineeships. The inter- vide the ﬁ nancing for the general Forum framework. preters for the partner pairs are frequently trainees, Each country ﬁ nances year-round activities in its more often than not native speakers of Russian who nerve centre. The cost of the Forum event mainly have been trained for the job by their university. accrues from interpretation (equipment rental, technical staff and interpreters).

73 For some trainees, the traineeship has been a 5. In my fi fth point, I want to return to a matter I have springboard to success. I have been happy to greet already mentioned: those cooperating in a given cul- and welcome these fl edglings, who have to tackle de- tural sector must be given opportunities to meet. In manding matters straight away and who grow with the EU countries there are several fi eld-specifi c net- their tasks. Some young people who worked for us works. The members and the whole networks would no doubt be very interested in and capable of coop- during the fi rst Forums are now employed by the erating with corresponding cultural actors in Russia. foreign offi ce. We need to provide a framework for such coopera- What kind of experiences, then, the Forum gives tion. This kind of cooperation in a specifi c art form for development of cultural cooperation between the or cultural sector should be encouraged. We have EU and Russia. learned that several European networks have offered As I noted earlier, for cooperation we need: cooperation to their Russian counterparts, but have found no takers. More active participation is a challenge for Russia as well. 1. Political will which obliges the administration to develop favourable conditions for cooperation. − This Ladies and Gentlemen, I hope, that our Finnish- will has been expressed by the EU and Russia in the Russian Cultural Forum experience will be useful in Culture Road Map. 2. A cooperation programme, as stated in the Road developing cooperation structures and content be- Map, a cooperation action plan as proposed be tween the EU and Russia. From our point of view, it Rapporteurs which specifi es what kind of coopera- really pays to promote cooperation. tion we want to promote. − According to the Road It pays economically, because the role of culture Map, the creation of such a document will be consid- in the national economies is constantly growing, as ered, and this expert meeting has been convened to cultural consumption increases. It pays in cultural explore this matter. How this cooperation document will be drawn up, and by whom, is a question waiting terms, because Russian culture and the cultures for an answer. of the EU countries have the same cultural roots. 3. Cooperation-promoting structures at the political- Consolidating this common heritage will strengthen administrative level like the Forum working groups in our identity, guarantee access to culture for citizens Finland and Russia. The potential EU-Russia cooper- and consolidate civil society overall. ation body, the cultural partnership council provided for by the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement has not yet convened even once. 4. Joint advisory structures, which would in practice promote cooperation. In our Forum framework, these are the nerve centres in Helsinki and Veliky Novgorod. They provide technical assistance to partners for fi nding each other, that is, they chan- nel the interest in cooperation. The rest is in the hands of cultural actors. But not quite. - Carrying out projects requires fi nancing. The Finnish-Russian Forums do not directly fi nance projects. The project partners acquire their fi nancing from different sources. But over these six-seven years it has become clear that they need advice in fi nding possible sources of fi nancing. There are many sources, but those working with culture are not always able to make use of them. This is why we arrage fi nancing clinics for them. This is something that has also been seen necessary in the Culture 2000 programme. Accordingly, there are Cultural Contact Points to help EU projects to fi nd both partners and fi nancing. I am sure that the same need exists in EU-Russia cooperation. We need similar advisory points of some kind.

74 The New Northern Dimension Lipponen in 1997. The speech by Lipponen started Policy: Regional Refl ections of the a lobbying process. We got some results already in Common Spaces 1997-98. The fi nal breakthrough was made in 1999 during the German and Finnish EU Presidencies. Ms Maimo Henriksson, Head of Unit, Unit for One can say that in December 1999 the Northern the Northern Dimension, Ministry for Foreign Dimension became a part of the EU external policy, Affairs, Finland as the Commission was given the task to work out the fi rst action plan for this policy. EU-Russia Culture Expert Meeting The Commission did the work it had been asked Kajaani to do. Later on the fi rst action plan was followed by 19.9.2006 the second action plan, which we have at the moment as it covers the years 2004-2006. In this sec- Honoured guests from the EU Member States and ond action plan there are fi ve priority areas, and one from the different EU institutions, Director Gen- of them is called Culture, Education and Health. eral, Honoured guests from Russia, Mr Minister, So culture is already now one of the priorities of the Thank you very much for the opportunity to give Northern Dimension policy. a speech here at this seminar, which is an important Then some more basic facts: who are those who element of the whole EU-Russia agenda of the Finn- act under the Northern Dimension policy? We ish Presidency this autumn. Thank you also already have today as a kind of inner circle the EU Member at this stage to the organizers for the enormous job States and the Commission, and then we have the that you have done, both for compiling the sub- partners, Russia, Norway and Iceland. This is in stance of this seminar and for all the practical ar- fact a point where we are achieving some changes in rangements. these very days. The role of Russia, Norway and Ice- My theme today is the New Northern Dimen- land will be changed, as they will become members sion Policy. I would like to use my slot to fi rst give of the inner circle: I will return to this later. And we you a view of what the Northern Dimension policy have, and will have in the future, USA and Canada is today and then I would shortly like to, as exam- as observers, which form the transatlantic link. ples, introduce the current two partnerships of the The Northern Dimension meetings, though, are Northern Dimension. Then I will move over to the very special, and I would myself see that this is one very topical issue of what we are doing right now, of its strengths. When a Northern Dimension meet- “we” meaning the EU, Russia, Norway and Iceland ing takes place, whether it is on the civil servant together, in renewing the Northern Dimension level or on the ministers’ level, we have at the table policy. We are aiming at some results in these very not only the EU Member States, the Commission, days and later on this autumn. Finally, I will reach Russia, Norway and Iceland, but also international out to the question: What could be offered in the fi nancing institutions, such as the European Invest- fi eld of culture concerning cooperation between the ment Bank, the EBRD and the Nordic Investment EU and Russia? Bank. We also have at the meeting table the north- Let us fi rst take the basic facts. The Northern ern regional councils, that is the Arctic Council, the Dimension in a nutshell, what is it? The history goes Barents Euro-Arctic Council, the Council of the back to the 1990s, in fact to the time when Finland Baltic Sea States and the Nordic Council of Minis- and Sweden prepared to join the European Union. ters. And we have some other EU institutions, as for Then for the fi rst time the term Northern Dimen- instance the Parliament. So there are about 40 del- sion can be found in political speeches. But the ini- egations at the table. This has been one means to see tiative, as we have it today as a part of the EU exter- that everybody is informed about what each other is nal policies, was launched by then Prime Minister doing in Northern Europe.

75 Those were the basic facts. Now I would like to whole of EU to the importance of cooperation be- dwell a moment at the real essence of the Northern tween EU and Russia, and notably between EU and Dimension. What is it really about? Is it only politi- North-West Russia. That is the policy, which can be cal speeches or do we also have some concreteness? found in political speeches. This question was posed quite often in the Finn- But the Northern Dimension is not only a policy; ish press a year or two ago, but not so often today it also exists on the micro-level, on the concrete, anymore as we have tried to spread information also practical level. What do we have there? We have, about the concrete achievements. fi rst of all, as core activities the established partner- I now try to give you a defi nition of the Northern ships. As I mentioned, there are two of them: the Dimension. We must look at it as something that environmental partnership and the partnership on exists on two levels: we have fi rst of all the macro- health and social issues. Above that you can say that level, which means that the Northern Dimension is all project activities that take place in the Northern a policy, a political concept, with the aim of getting Dimension region can be called Northern Dimen- the attention of the whole of the EU to Northern sion activities. Europe, and also of getting the attention of the

Source: http://ec.europa.eu/comm/external_relations/north_dim/

76 The Northern Dimension region covers North- fund, the main bulk of fi nancing comes from Russia West Russia, the whole Baltic Sea region and itself. This is something that I have noticed is not stretches far out into the arctic areas, to Greenland very well known because sometimes I’m asked why in the West and the Urals in the East. You can say Russia itself doesn’t put money into the projects, that the Northern Dimension covers all the practi- while in fact it puts in the main share of the money. cal activities that take place in this region, which is Today we have 16 projects in the pipeline, the of course a very broad defi nition. If you want to be fi rst one being fi nished. This is the St. Petersburg precise, you can then add that, of course, many of waste-water treatment plant that was festively in- the things that happen in this region would happen augurated last autumn in the presence of president also without the existence of the Northern Dimen- Putin, president Halonen and Prime Minister Pers- sion policy. But, on the other hand, many of the son. Some of these 16 projects are in the construc- things that happen do result from it ether directly or tion process, and some are in the planning process. indirectly. So this is what I would consider to be an Six additional projects have been suggested and en- honest defi nition of the Northern Dimension: mac- dorsed by the steering group, and fi ve more project ro-level policy, micro-level partnerships and around suggestions are in “the waiting room”. This part- it everything else that happens in this region. nership has been organized so that there is a small Let us now have a short look at the partnerships steering group preparing the decisions and a con- in order to give you some ideas on how a partner- tributors’ assembly that makes the decisions on the ship can be structured, keeping of course the cul- projects The 225 million of seed-money gives two tural fi eld in our minds. The fi rst partnership is the billion of total fi nancing because of the leverage-ef- partnership in environmental issues. It is the older fect: small input, big output. At the moment we are one. It was established in 2001, and a support fund thus fulfi lling projects to the value of about two bil- for it was created at the EBRD a year later. Several lion euros. These projects are enormously important countries have joined the partnership. We now have both for the EU and for Russia. as partners in this partnership a big number of EU What I have described above is one model of Member States, the partner countries Russia and partnership, built up around a fund and its steer- Norway and the observer country Canada. The ing body and with big fi nancial output. Under the main focus of this partnership is to tackle problems Northern Dimension also another partnership has of waste water, solid waste, air pollution, energy been established, the Partnership in Public Health effi ciency and nuclear waste in a broad area that and Social Well-being, which is quite different com- includes the whole of North-West Russia as well as pared to the Environmental Partnership. Here we do Kaliningrad. not have such big fi nancial inputs and outputs, but This partnership is built up on a seed-money the sector focus is equally important. The partner- thinking, which could also be called leverage-effect. ship is aiming at tackling problems of communica- Today we have as seed-money 225 million euros in ble diseases, such as HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis, the support fund that comes from the Commission and also at infl uencing lifestyle-related diseases. This and those countries that have joined the partnership. partnership has from the beginning concentrated But this fund money is only a small share of the more on the need of transferring information and fi nancing, it is the seed money for each project. In coordinating activities, but it also aims at having a fact the main bulk of all projects is being fi nanced project pipeline. In fact we have started a bit already by loans that mainly the Russian partners take up with an HIV/AIDS-project within the Barents co- from the international fi nancing institutions. The operation, which now has been taken over by this partner can be for instance the city of St. Petersburg partnership and can thus be implemented in an area or some corporation or enterprise consortium. So that is much bigger than the Barents area. the small seed money comes from the partnership

77 This partnership is organized around expert Another important result of this ministerial meet- groups; for instance on HIV/AIDS there is one ing was to link the Northern Dimension to the EU- expert group. There is also a committee of senior Russia Common Spaces, with the addition of spe- representatives, a ministers’ meeting which meets cifi c questions of the North and with the addition once a year and a small secretariat composed of 2-3 of Norway and Iceland as participants. This means persons. Here we do not have a fund. Why? Because that the Common Space of Research, Education and the fi nancing institutions do not have an interest to Culture at the same time became substance of the fi nance this type of projects that do not pay back in future Northern Dimension Policy. So here we have fi nancial terms. There will instead be a project-based the policy link between the Common Spaces and fi nancing. the new Northern Dimension policy. So this is quite a different model of partnership. What we are aiming at this autumn is to have Both are partnerships under the Northern Dimen- decisions on a new Northern Dimension policy. The sion. One could be called a “hard” partnership, with fi nal deadline is a high level Northern Dimension big money involved, the other one is “soft”, with not meeting that is planned to take place back-to-back that big money, but equally important concerning with the EU-Russia Summit in Helsinki on Novem- the focus. I described the partnerships in detail in ber 24. We hope that the result of this meeting will order to give you some idea of how we have organ- be an endorsed political declaration and a frame- ized things under the Northern Dimension policy. work document on a new Northern Dimension Now I would like to move over to the third part policy to enter into force in the beginning of Janu- of my presentation: What are we doing right now, ary 2007. renewing the Northern Dimension policy? The Finally, I promised an outlook concerning the background is the following. In Finland we knew in fi eld of culture. What can be the implications of autumn 2004 that the current second action plan the new Northern Dimension policy for the fi eld of would expire at the end of this year. We also knew culture? First of all can be stated that the Northern that we would have the EU Presidency this autumn. Dimension offers an already existing tool for the im- So in fact we “had it on a tray” to decide what we plementation of the Common Spaces in the region shall do with the Northern Dimension policy in the of North-West Russia. We can start pilot activities future. We had a very thorough brainstorming proc- in North-West Russia maybe quicker than in other ess within our government, the achievements were parts of Russia. This is a possibility that should be analyzed. The government took the decision that used. All activities that are mentioned in the Road it is in the interests not only of Finland but of the Map for the cultural cooperation are such that they whole of the EU to continue the Northern Dimen- can be done on the regional level. The activities are sion policy. How could this be done? This could for instance exchanges between museums, universi- be done by strengthening the position of the main ties, cultural projects, festivals, exchange of profes- partner actors, Russia, Norway and Iceland. This sionals and so on. All this can be done between the was a key change that was in fact achieved already EU and North-West Russia. at the Foreign Ministers’ meeting last November There are of course many questions and chal- in Brussels. This meeting managed to agree on a lenges involved. How fi nd the right track? How guidelines paper, which set principles for the new fi nd the fi nancing? What can the neighbourhood Northern Dimension policy. The main result of this programmes offer? We have the partnership-model: meeting was that EU, Russia, Norway and Iceland Could culture be a fi eld in which a cultural partner- became equal partners under the Northern Dimen- ship of the Northern Dimension would be estab- sion Policy. lished? A Northern Dimension seminar was held in

78 Tallinn in June this year and Foreign Minister Erkki Tuomioja gave a speech there. In his speech he mentioned many of the immediate goals of Finland concerning the Northern Dimension policy, but he also had some visions reaching further into the future. One of those visions was that notably the ﬁ eld of culture could offer good opportunities for cooperation between the whole of EU and North-West Rus- sia. Could the partnership-model be useful in this context? This question I leave to you to elaborate on and to discuss later on today and in the months to come. Thank you very much.

79 Новая Политика «Север- мя премьер-министром Финляндии. С выступления ного Измерения»: Регио- Липпонена начался процесс лоббирования. Кое-ка- нальное Выражение Общих кие результаты были получены уже в 1997-1998 гг., Пространст но окончательный прорыв был сделан в 1999 году во время периодов председательства в ЕС Германии и Г-жа Маймо Хенрикссон, начальник отдела Финляндии. Можно сказать, что «Северное измере- «Северного измерения» МИД Финляндии ние» стало частью политики внешних сношений ЕС в декабре 1999 года, когда Еврокомиссии было пору- транскрипция выступления 19 сентября 2006 года чено подготовить первый План действий по СИ. Комиссия Евросоюза выполнила порученную Уважаемые гости из стран ЕС и институтов Евро- ей задачу. Потом первый План действий сменился союза, госпожа генеральный директор, уважаемые вторым, текущим, который охватывает период 2004- гости из России, господин министр! 2006 гг. Во втором Плане действий предусмотрены Благодарю за возможность выступить на этом се- пять приоритетных направлений, причем одно из минаре, который является важной составной частью них обозначено как «культура, образование и здо- повестки дня вопросов взаимоотношений ЕС-России ровье». Таким образом, культура входит уже сейчас во время председательства Финляндии в ЕС этой в число приоритетов политики СИ. осенью. Хочу уже сейчас выразить признательность Еще несколько базовых фактов: кто является всем организаторам за их огромный труд, как по участниками «Северного измерения»? В данный подготовке субстантивной части семинара, так и по момент у нас существует некий внутренний круг его практической организации. в составе стран Евросоюза и Еврокомиссии, затем Моя тема сегодня – новая политика «Северного – страны-партнеры: Россия, Норвегия и Исландия. измерения». Предоставленное мне время я хотела Именно здесь у нас будут определенные изменения бы использовать на то, чтобы рассказать, во-первых, буквально в ближайшие дни. Роль России, Норве- что представляет собой политика «Северного изме- гии и Исландии изменится, так как они войдут в рения» сегодня, и, во-вторых, представить коротко состав внутреннего круга. Вернусь к этому позже. в качестве примеров два действующих партнерства Как и сейчас, так и далее, в качестве наблюдателей СИ. Потом я перейду к весьма актуальному вопросу будут задействованы США и Канада, формирующие о наших шагах в плане обновления политики «Се- трансатлантическое связующее звено. верного измерения», подразумевая под словом «мы» Встречи «Северного измерения» имеют очень – ЕС, Россию, Норвегию и Исландию. Определенных специфический характер, и я лично хотела бы ви- результатов мы стремимся достичь буквально в эти деть в этом одну из его сильных сторон. Дело в том, дни и позже - этой осенью. В заключение я затрону что на встречах «Северного измерения» – будь вопрос: что можно предложить в области культуры это на уровне должностных лиц или на уровне ми- в контексте сотрудничества ЕС-Россия? нистров – за столом представлены не только госу- Давайте остановимся вначале на основных фак- дарства-члены ЕС, Еврокомиссия, Россия, Норве- тах. В чем, выражая в сжатом виде, заключается суть гия и Исландия, но и международные финансовые «Северного измерения»? Его история уходит корня- структуры, такие как Европейский инвестиционный ми в 1990-е годы, фактически в те времена, когда банк, Европейский банк реконструкции и развития Финляндия и Швеция готовились к вступлению в и Северный инвестиционный банк. За столом сидят Европейский союз. Тогда термин «Северное измере- также представители северных региональных орга- ние» стало появляться впервые в политических ре- низаций: Арктического совета, Совета Баренцева/ чах. Инициатива о том, что сейчас составляет часть Евро-арктического региона, Совета государств ре- политики внешних сношений EC, была выдвинута в гиона Балтийского моря и Совета министров Север- 1997 году господином Пааво Липпоненом, в то вре- ных стран. Там представлены и некоторые другие

80 институты ЕС, в том числе Европарламент. Так, в определением «Северного измерения» я бы считала общей сложности за столом около 40 делегаций. Это следующее: это – политика макроуровня, партнерс- один из способов заботы о том, чтобы все на Севере тва микроуровня, и вокруг них все остальное, что Европы знали о работе друг друга. происходит в этом регионе. Вот это были основные факты. Теперь я хотела Давайте сейчас коротко остановимся на парт- бы остановиться на минуту на вопросе о сути «Се- нерствах, чтобы дать какое-то представление о том, верного измерения». Что именно оно представляет каким образом партнерство может быть структу- собой? Это – только речи политиков, или же есть и рировано, имея в виду, конечно, область культуры. какая-нибудь конкретика? Года два тому назад этот Первое и старшее из двух партнерств – природоох- вопрос задавался финской прессой довольно часто, ранное партнерство, которое было сформировано но теперь уже не так часто, так как мы попытались в 2001 году. Соответствующий Фонд поддержки донести информацию о конкретных результатах. при Европейском банке реконструкции и развития Сейчас я постараюсь дать вам определение «Се- был создан один год спустя. К этому партнерству верного измерения». Мы должны видеть «Северное присоединилось много стран. В данный момент его измерение» чем-то, что существует на двух уровнях. участниками являются многие страны Евросоюза, Есть, во-первых, макроуровень. Это значит, что «Се- страны-партнеры Россия и Норвегия, страна-наблю- верное измерение» является политикой или полити- датель Канада. Партнерство сфокусировано, в основ- ческой концепцией, нацеленной на привлечение вни- ном, на таких проблемах как очистка сточных вод мания всей Европы к ее северной части и к важности и утилизация твердых отходов, загрязнение атмос- сотрудничества между ЕС и Россией, в особенности ферного воздуха, энергоэффективность, управление между ЕС и Северо-западом России. Это то, что на- ядерными отходами на территории, охватывающей ходит свое выражение в политических речах. весь Северо-запад России и Калининград. Но «Северное измерение» – это не только поли- Природоохранное партнерство построено на при- тика; оно существует и на микроуровне, на конк- нципе «посеянного финансирования», или, по-дру- ретном, практическом уровне. Что у нас здесь? Во- гому, «эффекта рычага». В данный момент в Фонд первых, как ядро деятельности – партнерства. Как поддержки партнерства вложено Еврокомиссией и я уже упомянула раньше, их два: природоохранное присоединившимися к Партнерству странами 225 партнерство и партнерство в области здравоохране- млн. евро для использования в качестве «посеянных ния и социального обеспечения. Можно добавить, денег». Однако средства Фонда составляют лишь не- что всю проектную деятельность, происходящую большую часть финансирования, а именно началь- на территории СИ, можно называть деятельностью ные инвестиции для отдельных проектов. Факти- «Северного измерения». чески главная часть всех проектов финансируется Территория «Северного измерения» охватывает за счет кредитов, взятых, в основном, российскими Северо-запад России и весь регион Балтийского мо- партнерами в международных финансовых струк- ря, простираясь далеко в арктические области, до турах. Партнерами могут быть, к примеру, город Гренландии на Западе и Урала на Востоке. Можно Санкт-Петербург, какая-либо корпорация или кон- сказать, что «Северное измерение» охватывает все сорциум предприятий. Так, небольшие «посеянные практические действия в этом регионе – что явля- деньги» выделяет Фонд партнерства, а основную ется, конечно, весьма грубым определением. Чтобы часть финансирования – российская сторона. Я за- быть более точными можно добавить, что несомнен- метила, что об этом факте как-то не очень широко но многое из того, что происходит в этом регионе, известно, так как иногда меня спрашивают, почему происходило бы и без политики СИ. Но, с другой Россия сама не вкладывает средства в проекты – хо- стороны, многое из того, что происходит здесь, тя она, в самом деле, предоставляет основную часть действительно является результатом этой политики финансирования. либо непосредственно, либо косвенно. Так, честным

81 Сегодня в процессе реализации или разработки таким образом, реализоваться на гораздо большей находится 16 проектов, причем первый из них уже территории, чем Баренц-регион. завершен. Это – Юго-западные очистные сооруже- Партнерство в области здравоохранения и соци- ния в Санкт-Петербурге, торжественное открытие альной защиты организовано на базе экспертных которых состоялось прошлой осенью в присутствии групп: к примеру, одна экспертная группа создана президентов Путина и Халонен и премьер-минист- для решения проблем ВИЧ/СПИД. Существует так- ра Персона. Одни из этих 16 проектов находятся на же комитет старших должностных лиц и неболь- стадии строительства, а другие – в стадии проекти- шой секретариат в составе 2-3 лиц. Конференции рования. Дополнительно 6 проектов предложены и на уровне министров проходят один раз в год. Здесь одобрены руководящей группой, а еще 5 проектных нет фонда. Почему? Потому что финансовые инсти- предложений находятся «в комнате ожидания». Что туты не заинтересованы в финансировании такого касается организационной структуры Партнерства, типа проектов, которые не дают отдачи в финансо- то подготовку решений выполняет небольшая руко- вом плане. Финансирование будет организовано от- водящая группа, а сами решения о проектах прини- дельно по конкретным проектам. мает Ассамблея доноров. Благодаря эффекту рычага, Значит, здесь речь идет о совершенно иной мо- «посеянные деньги» в объеме 225 млн. евро дают дели партнерства. Но и то и другое являются пар- в конечном итоге общее финансирование в сумме тнерствами СИ. Одно из них можно назвать «жес- 2 млрд. – то есть небольшой начальный вклад дает тким» партнерством, с большими деньгами, в том большую отдачу. Так, в настоящее время общая сто- время как другое из них – «мягкое», с не столь круп- имость проектов приближается к 2 млн. евро. Они ными деньгами, но с одинаково важным фокусом. имеют огромное значение, как для ЕС, так и для Я рассказала об этих партнерствах в деталях для России. того, чтобы дать вам какое-то представление о том, То, что я описала здесь – это одна из моделей пар- как организована деятельность в рамках «Северного тнерства, которое в данном случае создано на ос- измерения». нове фонда с соответствующей руководящей груп- Сейчас я хотела бы перейти к третьей части сво- пой и которое дает большую финансовую отдачу. В ей презентации: что мы делаем сейчас в плане об- рамках «Северного измерения» действует и другое новления политики «Северного измерения»? Исто- партнерство – Партнерство в обеспечении обще- рия вопроса – следующая. Осенью 2004 года мы в ственного здоровья и социального благополучия» Финляндии знали, что находящийся в силе второй – весьма сильно отличающееся от Природоохран- План действий истечет в конце этого года. Было ного партнерства. В нем отсутствуют столь крупные также известно, что этой осенью Финляндия пред- финансовые вклады и отдачи, но сектор, на котором седательствует в ЕС. Так что фактически задача о оно сфокусировано, имеет одинаково большое зна- будущей политике «Северного измерения» была нам чение. Партнерство нацелено на борьбу с инфекци- «подана на блюдце”. Совместно с Правительством онными заболеваниями, такими как ВИЧ/СПИД и мы провели «мозговую атаку», проанализировав то, туберкулез, а также заболеваниями, связанными с что достигнуто. Правительство решило, что продол- образом жизни. В рамках этого Партнерства внима- жение политики «Северного измерения» – в интере- ние концентрируется с самого начала и прежде всего сах не только Финляндии, но и ЕС в целом. А как на передаче информации и координации действий, это сделать? Это можно сделать, укрепляя позиции но одновременно оно нацелено и на разработку и основных партнеров – России, Норвегии и Ислан- реализацию проектов. Фактически уже начаты кое- дии. Это ключевое изменение, решение о котором какие работы по проекту ВИЧ/СПИД, запущенному было фактически достигнуто уже на министерской в рамках сотрудничества Баренц-региона. Теперь встрече в ноябре прошлого года в Брюсселе. На той этот проект перешел в рамки Партнерства и может, встрече удалось согласовать руководящий документ,

82 определяющий принципы для новой политики «Се- мировать культурное партнерство «Северного изме- верного измерения». Главным результатом встречи рения»? В июне этого года в Таллинне прошел семи- стало закрепление равноправного характера парт- нар по вопросам «Северного измерения», где высту- нерства Евросоюза, России, Норвегии и Исландии в пил и Министр иностранных дел Финляндии Эркки рамках политики «Северного измерения». Туомиоя . В своем выступлении он назвал ряд непос- Вторым важным результатом министерской редственных целей Финляндии в отношении поли- встречи было то, что «Северное измерение» привя- тики «Северного измерения», но наряду с этим из- зали к общим пространствам ЕС-Россия, учитывая ложил и взгляды на дальнюю перспективу. Согласно специфические вопросы Севера и участия Норвегии одному из них, именно область культуры могла бы и Исландии. Это значит, что общее пространство предоставить хорошие перспективы для сотрудни- исследований, образования и культуры стало суб- чества между ЕС в целом и Северо-западом России. стантивной частью будущей политики СИ. Таким Может ли внедрение модели партнерства оказаться образом, здесь мы имеем взаимосвязь между общи- полезным в этом контексте? Этот вопрос я оставлю ми пространствами и новой политикой СИ. перед вами для обдумывания и обсуждения как се- Мы стремимся к принятию решений по новой годня, так и течение будущих месяцев. политике «Северного измерения» уже этой осенью. Благодарю за внимание. Предельным сроком является встреча на высоком уровне, приуроченная к саммиту ЕС-Россия 24 но- ября с.г. Мы надеемся, что результатом этой встре- чи будут утвержденная политическая декларация и рамочный документ по новой политике «Северного измерения» со вступлением в силу в начале января 2007 года. В заключение, я обещала изложить виды на бу- дущее в отношении культуры. Каким может быть значение новой политики для культурного сектора? Во-первых, можно констатировать, что «Северное измерение» может служить существующим инс- трументом для реализации общих пространств на Северо-западе России. Там мы, может быть, способ- ны начать пилотную работу быстрее, чем в других частях России. Этой возможностью надо воспользо- ваться. Все действия, упомянутые в дорожной карте для культурного сотрудничества, осуществимы на региональном уровне. Это, например, обмены между музеями и университетами, культурные проекты и фестивали, обмен профессионалами и т.д. Все это может быть сделано между ЕС и Северо-западом России. Есть, конечно, много вопросов и вызовов. Как найти правильный курс? Как привлечь финансиро- вание? Что могут дать программы соседства? Мы имеем модель сотрудничества в виде партнерств: может ли культура стать сектором, где можно сфор-

83 6. Putting cultural cooperation into practice: Actors, Policies and Funding

The following section includes basic informa- 6.1. Actors and policies tion on European Union programmes, various networks, regional organisations and other bodies 6.1.1. European Union programmes that play an important role in cultural cooperation between the EU and Russia. The aim is to give Culture 2007 programme an overview of the different actors on the ﬁ eld, to present the cooperation already being carried out Culture 2000 programme, EU’s ﬁ rst framework pro- and also to shed some light on the future perspec- gramme for supporting culture, came to an end in tives and possibilities for further developing cul- 2006. It is followed by a new programme, Culture tural cooperation with Russia. 2007, which covers the years 2007-2013. The Euro- The information presented here has been col- pean Commission’s proposal regarding the culture lected from the web sites of the various organisations 2007 has not yet (by December 2006) been formal- and programmes as well as from the speeches made ly adopted by the EU legislature. The programme is at the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting. The lat- therefore presented here in its current form, which is ter were an especially valuable source for presenting still open to changes. the views and future goals of the various actors concerning EU-Russia cultural cooperation. For this “The general objective of the Programme is to help reason, a number of quotations from the speeches enhance the cultural area shared by Europeans, the have been used in the text. The speakers and com- foundations for which lie in their common cultural mentators have given permission for the publications heritage, through the development of cultural coopera- of the speeches, which are available at the web site of tion between artists, stakeholders and cultural institu- the Expert Meeting. tions in the countries taking part in the Programme, The material for this section has been compiled with a view to encouraging the emergence of European and edited by Mikko Lipsanen for the Ministry of citizenship.” CULTURE PROGRAMME (2007- Education, Finland. 2013), Conditional call for proposals

84 More specifi c objectives of the Culture 2007 In the case of Russia, the fi rst condition is ful- programme are to promote the transnational mo- fi lled. There is an existing partner agreement, the bility of people working in the cultural sector, to EU-Russia Partnership and Cooperation Agreement encourage the transnational circulation of artistic (PCA), which contains a cultural clause (Article and cultural works and products and to encourage 85). Russian participation in the Culture 2007 intercultural dialogue. programme as a full partner would, however, also The total budget of the programme for the period require the conclusion of a second international 2007-2013 is approximately 400 million euro. The agreement or, which is less likely, a Memorandum programme has three funding strands. Support is of Understanding between European Communi- given for cultural actions, for bodies active at Euro- ties and Russia. This would determine Russia’s pean level in the fi eld of culture (e.g. European cul- fi nancial contribution to this internal Community tural networks), for analyses and the collection and programme. According to Krzysztof Kania, Policy dissemination of information as well as for activities developer at the DG Education and Culture, this maximising the impact of projects in the fi eld of Eu- condition is outstanding as of now and its eventual ropean cultural cooperation and European cultural legal nature will have to be determined at a certain policy developments. The Culture 2007 programme, point in time. There are, however, other possibilities in contrast to Culture 2000, has no separate strands enabling third countries to participate in the pro- for different cultural sectors: projects can either fo- gramme on non-funding or self-funding bases. cus on one cultural sector or be cross-sectoral. The Culture 2007 programme is open for cultur- “If there is no full partnership in the programme, there al operators from the EU Member States, the candi- is no chance to get fi nancing from the programme date countries and the EEA countries. Under certain budget. But there are quite a lot of possibilities to look conditions cultural actors from other third countries around and fi nd some other sources for fi nancing, and can also participate in the cooperation: at the same time be a partner in the project and the project consortia.” Vladimir Šucha, Director for Cul- “There is an Article 5.2, which is opening the possibil- ture and Communication, Education and Culture ity for third countries to participate in the programme. Directorate General, European Commission That means that couple of requirements must be fulfi lled. First of all, it’s a partner agreement, and the Cultural operators from Russia may participate in cultural clauses must be existing and in force. There the programme as associated partners, without be- must be a legal base, and it’s not clear at the moment ing eligible for Community fi nancing (they may not whether this is a memorandum of understanding, but be project leaders or co-organisers). This is already most probably for the third countries not listed in the the case of some cultural operators from Russia proposal itself it will be association agreement and all and does not require the complicated procedure de- the process of adopting this document. Then there must scribed above. be a calculation of the entry ticket and payment of a part of the total budget of the programme. Then the partner country can fully participate in the programme of the European Communities.“ Vladimir Šucha, Di- rector for Culture and Communication, Education and Culture Directorate General, European Com- mission

85 Current stage of the programme: In order to enable potential beneﬁ ciaries of Com- munity grants to prepare their proposals as soon as possible, the European Commission has decided to publish conditional call for proposals for the Culture 2007 programme. The deadline is set at February 2, 2007. Until the European Commis- sion proposal relating to the Culture programme is formally adopted by the EU legislator, however, this call for proposals does not legally bind the Euro- pean Commission. Under the conditional call for proposals support can be granted to projects that ﬁ t in to the following categories:

Multi-annual cooperation projects: This support is intended to assist projects in their start-up and structuring phase or in their geographical extension phase. The aim is to encourage them to establish sustainable foundations and achieve ﬁ nancial autonomy. Its purpose is to bring together a variety of operators (at least six operators from six different eligible countries) from one or more sectors for various multi- annual activities, which may be sectoral or cross- sectoral in nature but which must pursue a common objective. Each cooperation project is intended to carry out a number of structured, multi-annual cultural activities. These activities are to be implemented throughout the duration of the project. Financial support from the EU shall be granted for a period of three to ﬁ ve years. It can not be more than 500 000 euro per year for all activities of the cooperation projects.

Cooperation measures: Support is given for sectoral or cross-sectoral cultural cooperation actions between European cultural operators. Priority is given to creativity and innovation, and projects which explore avenues for cooperation in order to develop them over the longer term are particularly encouraged. Applicant project must bring together at least three cultural operators in three different participating countries. Support shall be granted for a maximum of 24 months, and it can not exceed 50% of the project budget. It may not be less than 50 000 euro nor more than 200 000 euro for the whole of the project. For more information about the Culture 2007 programme, please visit the ofﬁ cial European Commis- sion Culture 2007 website at http://eacea.cec.eu.int/static/en/culture/call092006/ index.htm

86 Media 2007 programme “In the same vein, we also encourage the adoption of the Council of Europe’s (CoE) instruments regard- The new MEDIA 2007 programme will replace the ing media, and notably the European Convention on existing MEDIA PLUS and MEDIA TRAINING Trans-frontier Television (which is the sister Conven- programmes for the period 2007-2013. tion to the EU Television Without Frontiers Directive), The programme’s objectives are connected to which we regard as essential steps towards the sharing the socio-cultural value and the economic potential of common views and values in the audiovisual policy of the audiovisual sector. The global objectives of area. This may actually represent an approximation the MEDIA 2007 programme are to preserve and step also in the sense of favouring, under certain condi- enhance European cultural diversity and its cin- tions, a possible participation of the countries concerned ematographic and audiovisual heritage, to increase in the EU support mechanisms for the audiovisual sec- the circulation of European audiovisual works inside tor.” Gianpaolo Scacco, International Relations Of- and outside the EU, and to strengthen the competi- fi cer for Audiovisual and Media Policies, Directorate tiveness of the European audiovisual sector in the General for Information Society and Media, Euro- framework of an open and competitive market. pean Commission The programme supports audiovisual production in pre-production and post-production stages. Current stage of the programme: Specifi c aim in the pre-production stage is to sup- On 15th of November the European Parliament and the Council adopted the MEDIA 2007 programme. port the acquisition and refi ning of audiovisual skills The budget will be 755 million euro over the seven as well as the development of production projects year programme period (2007-13). The fi rst call for submitted by independent production companies. proposals for the new programme has already been In post-production stage the programme focuses on organised by the Commission. supporting the distribution of audiovisual works, More information on the MEDIA 2007 programme promoting their circulation and encouraging inno- is available at http://europa.eu/scadplus/leg/en/lvb/ l24224a.htm and http://ec.europa.eu/information_so- vation by means of pilot projects. ciety/media/overview/2007/index_en.htm

“I would like to underline the fact that we have pro- Progress made after the EU-Russia Kajaani posed to open the participation in the MEDIA 2007 Expert Meeting: programme to a number of third countries fulfi lling Following a suggestion made by the Finnish Presi- certain conditions.” Gianpaolo Scacco, International dency at the fourth Meeting of the Rapporteurs of the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting (Brussels, Relations Offi cer for Audiovisual and Media Poli- October 12, 2006), it was decided that the Educa- cies, Directorate General for Information Society tion and Culture Directorate General will analyze the and Media, European Commission cultural programmes and negotiate with the Informa- tion Society and Media Directorate General on how This group of third countries includes fi rst of all the AV programmes could be analyzed from the point the EFTA countries which are members of the Eu- of view of EU-Russia cooperation. ropean Economic Area (EEA), the Accession Coun- tries and the Western Balkan countries. In addition states which are signatories to the Council of Europe Convention on Transfrontier Television as well as other third countries which have concluded association and cooperation agreements with the EU incor- porating clauses on the audiovisual sector are able to participate the programme.

87 The European Year of Intercultural The importance of intercultural dialogue was also Dialogue 2008 recognised by the speakers of the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting. The European Year of Intercultural “Inter-cultural dialogue is crucial in today’s world in Dialogue was seen as a good opportunity to cooper- developing understanding between people of different ate with the Russian Federation in organising activi- cultures, beliefs and backgrounds.” Sir David Green, ties around this theme. It was also noted that inter- President of the European Union National Institutes cultural dialogue could be one of the central themes for Culture (EUNIC), Director General of British in future EU-Russia cultural cooperation. Council “Mutual intercultural understanding is a problem The growing global importance of intercultural and question not only for the European Union and its’ dialogue led the European Commission in 2005 to Member States, but it’s a global problem and I’m pret- propose that 2008 be declared the European Year ty sure that it’s a question that is quite important also of Intercultural Dialogue. The general aim of the for the Russian Federation. We are very open and we project is to promote intercultural dialogue as an in- are now in the process of defi ning the key elements and strument to assist European citizens in dealing with key actions of this year. We may easily fi nd cooperation the ever-increasing cultural diversity of our societies, on this fi eld just to have as much synergy as possible in as well as to raise their awareness of the importance co-organising the events in EU and in Russia at the of developing active European citizenship which is same time.” Vladimir Šucha, Director for Culture open to the world, respectful of cultural diversity and Communication, Education and Culture direc- and based on common values. torate General, European Commission The European Year of Intercultural Dialogue has been allocated a budget of 10 million euro. This is For more information about the European Year of to be used in funding an information campaign pro- Intercultural Dialogue, please see the Commission moting the general objectives of the Year, supporting web site at http://ec.europa.eu/culture/eac/dialogue/ actions at Community level as well as co-fi nancing year2008_en.html actions at national level. The emphasis is placed on the fi elds of culture, education, youth, sport and Progress made after the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting: citizenship. The Finnish Presidency proposed that DG Education and Culture of the European Commission could ana- “What I need to emphasise is that what we are aim- lyze the possible contribution of the European Year ing at is not to have year 2008 as a one year event of Intercultural Dialogue 2008 to the Cooperation on multicultural dialogue, but to make it a basis for Action Plan. At the fourth meeting of the Rappor- creating a real policy and emphasising best practices teurs of the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting it was decided to follow this proposal. and building up for future in order to have long term objectives in this fi eld. And of course if there is will and decision to establish a joint foundation, like is the case with Mediterranean cooperation, then DG Education and Culture will give political support for this kind of initiative.” Vladimir Šucha, Director for Culture and Communication, Education and Culture directorate General, European Commission

88 Citizens for Europe programme Erasmus Mundus - External Cooperation Window The new Citizens for Europe programme for the period 2007-2013 aims at bridging the gap between The Erasmus Mundus External Cooperation Win- citizens and the European institutions. This is to dow, opened in autumn 2006, aims at promoting be done by improving the citizens’ participation in mutual enrichment and better understanding be- the construction of Europe and by encouraging co- tween the European Union and Third-Countries operation between citizens and their organisations through the exchange of persons, knowledge and from different countries. Intercultural dialogue is also skills at higher education level. It will be imple- central to the Citizens for Europe programme which mented complementary to and in synergy with the aims at increasing the Europeans’ mutual understand- Erasmus Mundus Programme. ing, solidarity and the feeling of belonging to Europe. The mobility scheme ﬁ nances both student and academic staff exchanges between European univer- The programme comprises three different actions: sities holding an Erasmus Charter and Third country universities. The European Commission will Action 1, “Active citizens for Europe”, will focus on contribute to funding projects from mixed consortia involving citizens directly, either through activities of European and third-country universities (and as- linked to town-twinning or through other kinds of citizens’ projects. sociations and networks of universities) with a grant covering the costs of the organisation of mobility of Action 2, “Active civil society for Europe”, is targeted higher education students and academic staff and to Europe-wide civil society organisations, which will the costs of the implementation of individual mobil- receive either structural support on the basis of their ity. The grants awarded to individual projects will work programme or support to transnational projects. fall between 1 and 6 million euro. Action 3, “Together for Europe”, will support high Russia is among the 24 third-countries targeted visibility events, studies and information tools, which by the 2006 call for proposals which covers mobil- will address the widest possible audience across ity activities starting at the latest in April 2008. The frontiers and strive to make Europe more tangible for deadline for applications is February 28, 2007. its citizens. More information on the Erasmus Mundus – External Cooperation Window is available at Further information on the Citizens for Europe pro- http://eacea.cec.eu.int/static/en/mundus/extcoop/ gramme is available at call/index.htm http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/activecit- izenship/new_programme_en.htm Progress made after the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting: The need to further promote student and teacher mobility between artistic universities in Russia and the EU countries was brought up at the EU-Russia Ka- jaani Expert Meeting. As a consequence, the Finnish Presidency proposed the participants of the fourth Meeting of the Rapporteurs of the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting (Brussels, October 12, 2006) that the European Commission, the Russian Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications and the Federal Agency of Culture and Cinematography could deﬁ ne how student and teacher mobility could be increased in the framework of the EU Programmes and Russian national or other programmes.

89 Institution Building Partnership Programme “This programme, managed by the Commission’s Del- (TACIS-IBPP), a specifi c call for proposals in egation in Moscow, includes the promotion of projects spring 2007 in the cultural fi eld....In the spring of 2007 a specifi c call for proposals for cultural projects which are in line The Tacis Institution Building Partnership Pro- with the objectives of the Roadmap covering the Fourth gramme is a European Commission programme Common Space will be launched for which a budget of that supports the development of non-profi t or- 2 million euros is available. Grants are up to 400 000 ganisations from civil society, local and regional Euros each.” John Penny, Principal administrator, authorities and public institutions in the New External Relations Directorate General, European Independent States (NIS) and Mongolia. The pro- Commission gramme covers altogether 13 countries, including the Russian Federation. More information on the Institution Building Partnership Programme is available at “Civil society, voluntary organisations and the business http://ec.europa.eu/comm/europeaid/projects/ community all have a vital role to play. These actors ibpp/index_en.htm must all be fully associated with moving cultural cooperation between the EU and Russia onto a higher level.” John Penny, Principal administrator, External Rela- European Neighbourhood and Partnership tions Directorate General, European Commission Instrument (ENPI) The development of the European Neighbourhood In the framework of the Tacis-IBPP support is Policy (ENP) is closely connected to the EU’s en- provided for partnerships between public institu- largement in 2004. The policy aims at strengthen- tions as well as between civil society organisations. ing stability, security and well-being in the Union’s “Support to Civil Society and Local Initiatives” is neighbour countries by offering them a privileged a programme which aims at supporting institution relationship. It is founded on a mutual commitment building process, the reinforcement of democracy to common values, which include democracy and and civil society and the establishment of the rule human rights, rule of law, good governance, market of law in the participating countries. This is done economy principles and sustainable development. by setting up international partnerships between at The ENP aims at promoting political and eco- least two organisations from at least one Tacis coun- nomic reforms in the participating countries with try and from at least one EU Member State. the help of bilateral Action Plans. They are indi- The partnership can be formed either between vidually drawn up with each country, defi ning an non-governmental organisations, non-profi t profes- agenda of political and economic reforms by means sional organisations or local and regional authorities. of short and medium-term priorities. Although the The main criteria for the applicant projects is that EU’s relations with Russia are developed through a they should contain a mix of activities that together Strategic Partnership instead of the ENP, with the have a sustainable institution building effect. Taking end of the TACIS programme the Strategic Partner- this precondition into account, culture can also be ship with Russia will also be funded from the ENP one of the themes supported by the programme. funding instrument (ENPI).

90 “In the future, ﬁ nancial cooperation with Russia will be through a new regulation (replacing the existing Tacis Programme) known as the ‘European Neighbour- hood and Partnership Instrument’. This Instrument will make 15 million euros available for the Four Common Spaces with perhaps 2-3 million for Com- mon Space 4.” John Penny, Principal administrator, External Relations Directorate General, European Commission

From 2007 onwards the geographically based MEDA and TACIS funding programmes will be replaced by a single ﬁ nancing instrument, the Eu- ropean Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI). The ENPI, then, supports priorities set in the ENP Action Plans as well as in the strategic Partnership with Russia, with a budget of approximately 12 billion euro for the period 2007-2013, an increase of 36% from the previous budgetary period. As John Penny pointed out at the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting, part of this money is also delegated for cultural cooperation between the EU and Russia. For more information about the European Neigh- bourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI), please visit the website for the European Neighbour- hood Policy at http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/index_en.htm and the homepage of the European Commission Delega- tion to Russia at http://www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/index.htm

91 6.1.2. Regional councils The priorities of the Council during the Russian Presidency were sustainable development in the Arc- Arctic Council tic region, cooperation within the region to prevent “The Arctic Council is a unique forum that opens up disasters, the development of indigenous peoples, possibilities for cooperation between the countries, peo- environmental protection and culture. ples and cultures in the Arctic region.” Mihail Horev, Deputy Director General, Department for Humani- “I would also like to emphasise that we are doing our tarian Cooperation and Human Rights, Ministry of best to promote activities in the Arctic Region and we Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation have prioritised culture. Thus for the fi rst time culture is a priority in the Arctic Council. The Russian Fed- The Arctic Council was founded in Ottawa, eration emphasises that a focus on the cultural fi eld Canada, in September 1996, as an intergovernmen- will promote development in the whole region, and it is tal forum for addressing the common concerns faced very important for us to support culture in developing by the states in the Arctic Region. Its membership economy.” Mihail Horev, Deputy Director General, consists of the Arctic states; Canada, Denmark (in- Department for Humanitarian Cooperation and cluding Greenland and the Faroe Islands), Finland, Human Rights, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Iceland, Norway, the Russian Federation, Sweden Russian Federation and the United States. Many of the indigenous peoples of the Arctic region are also participating A meeting of the Ministers of Culture of the Arc- the work of Arctic Council through six organisa- tic States was held in January 2006 in Hanti-Man- tions that have the status of Permanent Partici- sijsk, and the representatives of the Arctic Council pants. The observers to the Arctic Council include States supported the Russian proposal for convening European non-arctic countries, international or- a regular summit of cultural ministers within the ganisations and NGOs. Council’s framework. Thus the Arctic Council can The Council was established as a high-level inter- have an important role in promoting cultural coop- national forum: there is a ministerial meeting every eration between EU and Russia in the Arctic region. two years, and the Council has also established a Committee of Senior Arctic Offi cials that adminis- For more information about the Arctic Council, ters the operation of the Council between the min- please visit the Council’s offi cial website at isterial meetings. The chairmanship of the Council http://www.arctic-council.org/ and accompanying Secretariat rotates among member states. Norway is holding the chairmanship of Progress made after the EU-Russia Kajaani the Arctic Council for the period 2006-2008. Expert Meeting: The regional organisations in the Nordic and Baltic From the beginning the activities of the Arctic Sea regions could have a signifi cant role in prepar- Council have covered sustainable development in ing proposals for the Cooperation Action Plan and the Arctic region, environmental monitoring and its implementation in the framework of the Northern assessment being key elements in its agenda. At Dimension. Therefore at the Fourth Rapporteurs’ the Arctic Council Ministerial Meeting in Barrow, Meeting (Brussels, October 12, 2006) the Presi- Alaska in 2000, a strategy concerning sustainable dency proposed that the cultural organs of the Arctic Council, the Barents Euro Arctic Council, the Baltic development was drafted for the Arctic region and a Sea States’ Council and the Nordic Council of Minis- conservation programme for the Arctic environment ters could be invited to a meeting in Kajaani in 2007 was adopted. Since then the Council has included in to jointly propose action for the CAP. its defi nition also the economic, social and cultural aspects of sustainable development.

92 Council of the Baltic Sea States The network’s aim is to initiate and support multilateral cooperation especially between small and Ars Baltica medium-sized projects in the Baltic Sea region and to help those projects to develop into permanent “Ars Baltica network is a forum for multilateral politi- networks. One of the main goals of Ars Baltica is to cal cooperation with an emphasis on common projects include in the network events covering various fi elds within the Baltic Sea region. The initiative’s intention of art. The promotion of cultural diversity as well as is to enhance cultural identity in the Baltic Sea region high artistic quality are among the criteria for Ars and also to realise projects of European signifi cance.” Baltica projects. Rolandas Kvietkauskas, Chairperson of Ars Baltica Steering Committee, Baltic Sea States’ Council “Today our goal is a new quality of Ars Baltica, which is created for artists, managers, cultural operators and Ars Baltica is a non-institutional network and a for the communities of the countries around the Baltic non-funding body as well. It has the form of a com- Sea. It could be achieved by supporting good tradi- mittee with representatives from each member state, tional ideas, inviting new partners and sharing our with rotating secretariat and chairmanship. The expertise of working together.” Rolandas Kvietkauskas, members are Denmark, Estonia, Germany, Finland, Chairperson of Ars Baltica Steering Committee, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Russian Federa- Baltic Sea States’ Council tion and Sweden. The Ars Baltica network functions under the More than one hundred multilateral projects have umbrella of the Conference of Culture Ministers of already been implemented under the logo of the net- the Baltic Sea States, which takes place every second work. They have covered all the possible varieties of year. Its activities are coordinated by a secretariat artistic projects with participants from all the member that is moved by rotation from one member state to states, including Russia. At the EU-Russia Kajaani another for extendible three-year periods. Expert Meeting Rolandas Kvietkauskas, Chairperson Ars Baltica does not have a budget which would of the Ars Baltica Steering Committee, praised the allow it to participate in the fi nancing of the high artistic quality of many of the projects with Rus- projects. One of the tasks of the Ars Baltica Com- sian partners, but he also noted a certain lack of inter- mittee, however, is to give advise concerning fi nanc- est that has hindered cooperation. ing and also to search for joint funding for the various projects that have been accepted to the network. “I have to mention that unfortunately last few years there was some kind of lack of interest from our col- “Being part of a network gives possibility to fi nd right leagues from Russian side to the activities of the Com- partners, to increase quality, to get publicity and mittee, but now we have assurance already from the to have an additional argument when applying for Minister of Culture and Mass Communications of Rus- funding.” Rolandas Kvietkauskas, Chairperson of sia about the appointment of representatives, and we Ars Baltica Steering Committee, Baltic Sea States’ are looking forward for future cooperation.” Rolandas Council Kvietkauskas, Chairperson of Ars Baltica Steering Committee, Baltic Sea States’ Council

93 As a part of the future development of the net- “The task of the Monitoring Group is to promote and work, Ars Baltica aims at further enhancing mul- further develop the cooperation. This is done by exchang- tilateral cooperation between various existing net- ing and spreading information on cultural heritage to the works and funding bodies. national bodies, by identifying fi elds where Baltic Sea cooperation is needed, by initiating and supporting net- “In 2008 Ars Baltica should prepare a report for the works, by organising seminars and writing reports and by ministerial conference about future developments of the providing information on cultural heritage cooperation network. I think that we can benefi t from this forum on the web, as well as by cooperating with other Baltic and discussion, creating a new path for multilateral Sea organisations, for example with Ars Baltica.” Helena cooperation in the Baltic Sea region.” Rolandas Kviet- Edgren, Chairperson of the Monitoring Group on kauskas, Chairperson of Ars Baltica Steering Com- Heritage Cooperation, Baltic Sea States’ Council mittee, Baltic Sea States’ Council To execute the work, the Monitoring Group has More information on Ars Baltica is available at initiated four permanent Working Groups, which http://www.ars-baltica.net/ cover the fi elds of Underwater Heritage, Coastal Cul- ture and Maritime Heritage, Building Preservation Progress made after the EU-Russia Kajaani and Maintenance in Practice, and Sustainable Histor- Expert Meeting: ic Towns. The four groups work rather independently The Ars Baltica meeting on 27.-28.11.2006 support- under their own chairman, but report to the Monitor- ed the idea of organising a common seminar for the regional councils and the Nordic Council of Ministers ing Group at common meetings. with the aim of discussing their contribution to the Since 2003 the Monitoring Group has also organ- future EU-Russia Culture Cooperation Action Plan. ised Cultural Heritage Forums on various acute issues in the heritage fi eld. Some central themes in the Monitoring Group on Heritage Cooperation on-going and future cooperation are cultural tourism, cultural heritage education, black archaeology and the Cultural heritage cooperation in the Baltic Sea region preservation of historic parks and gardens. was initiated by the Ministers of Culture of the Baltic Sea states in 1997. Ten countries participate in the ac- “The experiences of cultural heritage cooperation so far tivities of the Monitoring Group: Denmark, Estonia, are extremely positive, and many of the topics taken up Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Po- by the Monitoring Group seem to be of great interest even land, Russia and Sweden. In the beginning of 2006 for Russia...We therefore sincerely believe that it would be Iceland also joined the cooperation. a great benefi t for all parties if Russian participation in The main body of the Monitoring Group is a the cultural heritage cooperation could be secured in the working group of senior heritage experts. It is com- future.” Helena Edgren, Chairperson of the Monitor- posed of one or two representatives from each member ing Group on Heritage Cooperation, Baltic Sea States’ state, coming mainly from national heritage boards Council and museums. The Monitoring Group meets three to four times a year, and the chairmanship rotates be- The Monitoring Group on Cultural Heritage could tween the member states. It has no permanent secre- function as an important forum of heritage coopera- tariat nor a budget of its own. The Monitoring Group tion between Russia and other Baltic Sea states. This, reports about the progress of its work to the Ministers however, would require active Russian participation in of Culture at their common meetings. the future.

For more information on Baltic Sea heritage cooperation, please see the website for Baltic Sea Heritage Cooperation at http://balticheritage.raa.se/index.html 94 Committee on Culture of the Barents region Cultural cooperation in the framework of the Cooperation in the Barents region was initiated action plan aims at promoting both multilateral in 1993, when the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of and bilateral projects as well as enhancing peo- Norway, Denmark, Iceland, the Russian Federa- ple-to-people contacts between different cultural tion, Sweden and the representatives of the Euro- actors in the region. One important achievement pean Commission signed the Kirkenes Declaration, has been the establishment of the Barents Cultur- a cooperation agreement establishing the Barents al Portal, which is integrated into the Barents Por- Euro-Arctic Region (BEAR). The cooperation is tal at www.barentsinfo.org. The portal provides coordinated by the Barents Council, a ministe- extensive information about cultural activities in rial level body which assembles annually. Regional the region and information about multilateral and Council, on the other hand, brings together the bilateral cooperation that takes place in the fi eld representatives of 13 northern counties of Russia, of culture. Norway, Sweden and Finland. The working group According to Sergey Yershov, the Chairperson of indigenous people consists of the representatives of the Barents Euro-Arctic Region Cultural Com- of the Saami, Nenets and Vepsian people and it has mittee, the cooperation in the Barents Euro-Arctic an advisory role in questions concerning the coop- Region could be used as a model for building multi- eration with indigenous people to both the Barents lateral cultural cooperation between EU and Russia. Council and the Regional Council. He thinks, however, that cultural cooperation in the The primary goal of BEAC is to promote sus- Barents Euro-Arctic region needs more attention tainable economic and social development in the and support from the European Union. One prob- Barents Region. The priority fi elds set in 1993 were lem, as Kari Laine noted in his speech, is the lack of environment and public health, economy, educa- visibility (and knowledge) of Barents culture outside tion, transport, trade, science and culture. During the region. the past few years culture has become a central fi eld of cooperation in the Barents Euro-Arctic Region. “The Barents Euro-Arctic region is not a fenced area; it This was refl ected in the programme “Voices in the is open to all directions. There are, however, some dif- Barents Region”, an action plan on cultural coopera- fi culties to market Barents culture outside the region. It tion in the Barents region for the period 2003-2006. is known that many public maps of Europe in Central Since 1993 cultural cooperation has been led by the and South Europe, even in mass media, fi nish on the Barents Cultural Committee comprising representa- level of Stockholm or Helsinki. It means that so far tives from all the participating regions. Barents culture is coming ‘ from nowhere’.” Kari Laine, Secretary General, Arts Council of Lapland “In the culture of the Barents region the objective is that the role of culture should be more comprehensive For more information concerning cultural coopera- than it has been considered before. It also means that tion in the Barents Euro-Arctic Region, please see culture is not only for decoration, it must become a real http://www.beac.st/ (Barents Euro-Arctic Council), factor in local and regional development.” Kari Laine, http://www.barentsinfo.org/ (Barents Portal), Secretary General, Arts Council of Lapland http://www.barentsculture.ru/ (Barents Culture Por- tal), http://formin.fi nland.fi /public/default.aspx?nod eid=34708&contentlan=2&culture=en-US (Finnish Chairmanship of the BEAC)

95 The Nordic Council of Ministers The Nordic Council of Ministers has had an offi ce The Nordic Council of Ministers was founded in in St. Petersburg since 1995, and since then smaller 1971 as a forum for Nordic governmental coopera- information points have been opened in Archangel, tion. It brings together ministers from Norway, Murmansk and Petrozavodsk. In 2006 an informa- Denmark, Finland, Iceland and Sweden, as well as tion offi ce was opened also in Kaliningrad. the autonomous territories of Greenland, the Faroe The offi ces have important role in the practical Islands and Åland Islands for joint actions. cooperation. Their tasks consist of, for example, The Nordic parliamentarians have their coopera- identifying Russian partners for cooperation, build- tion within the organisation called Nordic Council. ing networks with national authorities, NGOs and One of the fi rst initiatives of the parliamentarians other actors and increasing awareness about the was to establish the Nordic Culture Fund already in possibilities of cultural cooperation with the Nordic 1966. Culture has from the very beginning played countries. an important role in the Nordic cooperation. Cultural cooperation between Russia and the Each of the fi ve Nordic countries holds the presi- Nordic countries has also been promoted through dency in turn for a year. The overall budget for the Nordic Council of Ministers’ exchange pro- Nordic cooperation is approximately 125 million grammes which include cultural exchange for euro and approximately 20 million euro is used for children and young people as well as exchange pro- cooperation in Russia and the Baltic Sea region. grammes for journalist, civil servants and practition- ers in cultural management. “The overall principle is that cooperation between the What comes to instruments for fi nancing coop- Nordic Council of Ministers and neighbouring coun- eration with Russia, the Nordic Culture Fund has tries is complementary to bilateral cooperation between awarded grants also for projects which involve the individual Nordic Countries and their neighbours.” Nordic region and Northwest Russia. In addition Riitta Heinämaa, Senior Advisor, Nordic Council of the mobility of artists has been enhanced through Ministers the travel grant programme SLEIPNIR. The Nordic Council of Ministers’ cooperation The geographical focus of Nordic cultural coop- with Russia is based on the Russia Programme cov- eration with Russia is in those parts of Northwest ering the years 2006-2008. In the cultural fi eld the Russia which have a natural border with either a cooperation will be developed further in 2007, when Nordic or Baltic country. These include Murmansk a concrete action plan for cultural cooperation with oblast, Republic of Karelia, Leningrad oblast, Russia will be implemented. Arkhangelsk, St. Petersburg and Kaliningrad. Among other things the cooperation aims at sup- For more information on the Nordic Council of porting mobility, building networks, facilitating Ministers and its cooperation with Russia, please see dialogue and strengthening mutual understanding. the Council’s website at http://www.norden.org/ These goals are put into practice through various web/NMR/sk/index.asp?lang=6 channels.

“The main strength of the future cooperation with Northwest Russia lies in the fact that Nordic Council of Ministers has enjoyed a presence in the area for the last decade” Riitta Heinämaa, Senior Advisor, Nordic Council of Ministers

96 Progress made after the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting: At a culture seminar organised by the Nordic Council of Ministers and the Norwegian Barents Secretariat in Kirkenes and Nikel on 15 and 16 November, the Finnish Presidency proposed that the Council’s St Petersburg information ofﬁ ce organise a meeting where the Nordic countries and Russia could together deliberate the content of the Cooperation Action Plan. The Committee of Senior Ofﬁ cials for Nordic Cultural Cooperation discussed the proposal at their meeting on 5 December 2006 and accepted it as the basis of further preparations.

6.1.3. Networks

European Union National Institutes for Culture - EUNIC

“The increasing inter-dependence of European countries and the shared challenges that we all face - both in Europe and globally - mean that the work we do to improve cross-cultural understanding is much better done in cooperation with each other, rather than alone.“ Sir David Green, President of the European Union National Institutes for Culture

This realisation of the advantages of cooperation led to the founding of the network of European Union national institutes for culture (EUNIC) in 2005. Its membership consists currently of 18 national institutes for culture which represent 19 of the 25 Member States. The participants are national bodies, engaged in activities beyond their national borders and have a degree of autonomy from government. The aim, as expressed by Sir David Green, is that eventually representatives of all the Member States would become members of EUNIC.

“The purpose of EUNIC is to create effective partnerships and networks between the participating organisations, to improve and promote cultural diversity and understanding between European societies, and to strengthen international dialogue and cultural cooperation with countries outside Europe.” Sir David Green, President of the European Union National Institutes for Culture

There are a number of ways to achieve this, Progress made after the EU-Russia Kajaani notably discussing issues of common interest, con- Expert Meeting: At the fourth Meeting of the Rapporteurs of the EU- tributing to the defi nition and implementation of Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting (Brussels, October European cultural policy and collaborating on joint 12, 2006), the Finnish Presidency suggested that projects. Many of the on-going projects deal with a joint seminar where the parties could discuss such issues as intercultural dialogue and multicul- concrete cooperation paradigms, organised by the turalism, immigration and integration in the West EUNIC Berlin unit, could be arranged during the Balkans, which are also prioritised by the European German Presidency. However the Presidency was informed that the EUNIC Offi ce in Berlin will not be Commission. able to arrange a meeting during the German Presi- dency and that Germany will fi nd another solution. “We would like to engage with the cultural changes The representative of the Finnish Cultural and Aca- that are taking place in Russia and Europe today and demic Institutes’ Society participated the EUNIC make them the focus of our dialogue… We would like meeting in Lisbon on 2.-3.11.2006 and brought to set up mechanisms for transparent reporting of the the issue up at the meeting. Following an invitation by the EUNIC meeting the Presidency has sent mutual benefi ts of our work and the operating princi- 15.12.2006 a formal request to EUNIC to organise ples that might guide our work in developing cultural a joint meeting that could deliberate the content of relations with Russia, with Russian institutions, and the Cooperation Action Plan and identify European with Russian individuals.“ Sir David Green, President cooperation networks and their possible partners in of the European Union National Institutes for Culture Russia that could be the actors implementing the Cooperation Action Plan. The different national cultural institutes are already involved in various cultural cooperation projects in Russia. The role of EUNIC in the plan- Cultural Contact Points ning and implementation of the future Cooperation “To reach the cultural operators in each country and Action Plan is also being discussed. Besides Europe- to facilitate the participation in the EU culture pro- an cultural institutes in Russia, also the existing and gramme there is a network of Cultural Contact Points, planned Russian cultural institutes in EU Member established with the start of the Culture 2000 pro- States could have an important role in the future gramme.” Outi Haapanen, Senior Programme Coor- EU-Russia cultural cooperation. dinator, Centre for International Mobility (CIMO)

“Our task is to provide the framework to facilitate co- There are currently 30 Cultural Contact Points operation between individuals and actors of civil soci- across Europe, covering all the Member States, the ety. This can mean in concrete terms, e.g. to facilitate Accession States, the Applicant State Croatia as well the work of national cultural institutes and cooperation as Iceland and Norway. between them.” Ambassador Rolf-Dieter Schnelle, The Cultural Contact Points act as links between Deputy Director General, Directorate-General for the Commission’s Culture programme and the op- Cultural Relations and Education Policy, Federal erators in the ﬁ eld. The Contact Points promote the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Germany programme and advise the cultural organisations in each country on the application process and project “The European cultural institutes working in Russia planning in general when needed. are the main instrument that member states can use to Apart from acting as links in the programme it- deliver the cultural aspects of the Road Map.” Sir David self, the Cultural Contact Points, operating on the Green, President of the European Union National national level, ensure exchange of information with Institutes for Culture national cultural institutions. They advise applicants on possible sources of national funding for projects

98 and encourage them to develop local, regional and national collaboration for the benefi t of their projects. Cultural operators are also encouraged to be more active in joining, and thereby benefi ting from, the existing cultural networks on the Euro- pean level and making use of other Community programmes in the fi eld of culture.

“We are heading to continue to develop our work in order to facilitate opportunities for cultural operators to participate in the new Culture programme – together with them, in each country and in joint effort on the European level.” Outi Haapanen, Senior Programme Coordinator, Centre for International Mobility (CIMO)

The Cultural Contact Points are also potential actors in the EU-Russia cultural cooperation. In his ﬁ nal intervention in the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting, Director Vladimir Šucha from the Euro- pean Commission’s DG Education and Culture proposed that the Culture Contact points could open their network for Russian participants. The Contact Points are discussing this proposal as well as their role in the implementation of the future Coopera- tion Action Plan.

More information and a list of the Cultural Contact Points is available at http://ec.europa.eu/culture/eac/culture2000/contacts/national_pts_en.html

Progress made after the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting: In the fourth Rapporteurs’ Meeting it was decided that the Presidency would inquire the organisers of the informal CCP meeting (in Helsinki, November 30 - December 1. 2006) how Director Šucha’s proposal could be implemented by the Cultural Contact Points. Consequently the Presidency proposed the organisers that the Helsinki meeting, which is also attended by Director Šucha, could discuss the role of the CCPs in the implementation of the Coopera- tion Action Plan.

99 European Heritage Network (HEREIN) Progress made after the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting: The European Heritage Network is a permanent At the ﬁ fth meeting of the Rapporteurs of the EU- information system gathering governmental services Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting (Brussels, December in charge of heritage protection within the Council 12, 2006) Russia was asked to give a review at the next meeting of how and when its accession to the of Europe. The Network’s focus is on cultural herit- European Heritage Network could be realised. age, particularly on architectural and archaeological heritage.

“... the Council of Europe’s HEREIN project...has Eurimages proven to be incredibly useful as an exercise to produce Eurimages is the Council of Europe fund for the co- the information, as a network of individuals and agen- production, distribution and exhibition of European cies, and as an insight into the management of the cul- cinematographic works. It was founded in 1988 and tural heritage by individual member states.” Alexandra has currently 32 member states. Coxen, Senior International Policy Advisor, English Eurimages has two basic aims. The cultural ob- Heritage jective is to support works which refl ect the many facets of European society founded on common The Network’s aim is to encourage and facilitate cultural roots. From an economic point of view, the starting of projects and partnerships. It is an Eurimages invests in fi lm industry that aims both international catalyst for initiatives and a meeting to make fi nancial profi t and to defend the status of place for the heritage family and a number of profes- cinema as an art form. sions and persons active in this sphere and awaiting The objectives are put into practice through three ways of improving their cooperation. funding programmes: Assistance for co-production, Assistance for distribution and Assistance for “The use of the HEREIN information system, which cinema. Almost 90% of the Fund’s resources are constitutes a strong potential for the work of deci- directed to the fi rst programme: since 1989, Eurim- sion-makers and professionals, in which the Russian ages has supported the co-production of more than Federation should be involved, could help provide 900 full-length feature fi lms and documentaries. indicators for the sustainable use of heritage topics and Most of the Fund’s resources come from member the exchange of good practice for innovative heritage states’ contributions. strategies as part of comprehensive local development policies.” Daniel Thérond, Head of Department, “I was happy to hear that there are discussions going Council of Europe on between Russia and Eurimages, because Eurim- ages represents one of the important practical forums of In the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting it was working together in European fi lm.” Petri Kemppinen, noted that the European Heritage Network could Production consultant, Finnish Film Foundation also be an important instrument in advancing EU- Russia cultural cooperation. Many of the speakers and commentators in the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting considered For more information, please see the homepage of Eurimages to be an important forum for coopera- HEREIN at tion in the fi eld of cinematography, and it was hoped http://www.european-heritage.net/sdx/herein/ that in the future Russia could fully participate in its activities.

For more information on Eurimages, please see http://www.coe.int/T/E/Cultural_Cooperation/ Eurimages/ 100 Progress made after the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting: “...a discussion should be organised between the Rus- As an initiative for developing EU-Russia cooperation sian authorities and our Secretariat to identify the in the audiovisual sector, the Finnish Film Founda- priorities for a specifi c Action Plan of the Council of tion has expressed its willingness to convene the Europe for Russia. This should take into account new fi rst meeting of the fi lm institutes of the EU Member States and GosKino. The aim would be to explore the trends in the Russian Federation which have been need for cooperation in the fi eld of cinema and to put introduced for instance by the Culture of Russia Plan forward proposals for the Cooperation Action Plan. 2006-2010 which explicitly target the preservation of At the fourth Meeting of the Rapporteurs of the EU- the country’s multi-ethnic cultural heritage.” Daniel Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting (Brussels, October Thérond, Head of Department, Council of Europe 12, 2006) it was noted that actions in the audiovisual sector require the backing of DG Information Society and Media. It was agreed that DG Education In his speech at the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert and Culture will send a proposal concerning the fi lm Meeting, Daniel Thérond identifi ed three sectors institutes to the DG Information Society and Media. that could form the focus of the future cultural cooperation with Russia: intercultural dialogue, 6.1.4. Other Actors capacity building and specifi c cooperation projects. Mr Thérond also expressed the need for a Council Council of Europe of Europe Action Plan for Russia, which could take The Council of Europe is a pan-European organisa- inspiration from other regional cooperation pro- tion that focuses on defending human rights and grammes prepared in the Council. promoting democracy and cohesion between States The Council of Europe’s goals concerning cul- and between European citizens. Founded in 1946, tural cooperation with Russia are to a large extent the Council groups together 46 countries, the Rus- in line with the aims set in the Road Map for the sian Federation being a member since 1996. Fourth Common Space. Therefore dialogue and The Council of Europe is, and has been, active cooperation between the Council of Europe and the in promoting cultural cooperation with Russia. It European Commission is important in planning and has for example initiated projects focusing on the implementing future cultural cooperation projects training of cultural managers and cultural capac- with Russia. ity building (The Pilot Project “bridges to new partnerships for culture” in 2003-2005), the set- “I would like also to stress the keenness of the Council ting up of local development agencies in the fi eld of of Europe to work with key interests and players in the culture (the Pilot Project “Creating Cultural Capital Russian Federation as a member state of our Organi- (CCC)” in 2004-2006) and the promotion of cul- sation and our wish to continue discussions with the tural heritage management (The Pilot Project for European Commission when it comes to the implemen- the creation of a strategic implementation plan for tation of future initiatives.” Daniel Thérond, Head of the rehabilitation and the revitalisation of the city of Department, Council of Europe Rostov Veliky). During the 2006 Russian Presidency of the For more information, please see the Council of Eu- Council of Europe’s Committee of Ministers, two rope homepage at http://www.coe.int/ major events in the fi eld of culture were organised in Russia: the international conference “Dialogue Progress made after the EU-Russia Kajaani of Cultures and Inter-Faith Cooperation” (Volga Expert Meeting: At the fourth Meeting of the Rapporteurs of the EU- Forum) which took place in Nizhnii Novgorod, and Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting (Brussels, October the launch of the European Heritage Days - a joint 12, 2006) it was decided that because of institu- action between the Council of Europe and the Eu- tional reasons the cooperation won’t be expanded ropean Commission - in St Petersburg. beyond the EU-Russia context at this stage.

101 UNESCO even under the threat of virtual extinction, provid- The United Nations Educational, Scientifi c and ing for measures to be taken to ensure that cultural Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) was founded in expressions will not die out. 1945. It aims at promoting international cooperation among its 191 Member States and six Associate “As regards the promotion of cultural diversity, there Members in the fi elds of education, science, culture are provisions saying that the governments should try and communication. to create conditions and an environment conducive to creativity and also information sharing, as well as “UNESCO is working to create the conditions for number of provisions concerning cooperative actions genuine dialogue based upon respect for shared val- by the parties. The most important is the Article con- ues and the dignity of each civilisation and culture.” cerning the establishment of an international fund for UNESCO homepage cultural diversity.” Kimmo Aulake, Deputy Head of Division, Cultural Export Division, Ministry of In the fi eld of culture UNESCO has three pri- Education, Finland ority spheres: the promotion of cultural diversity, with special emphasis on the tangible and intangible The Convention, however, has not yet (by De- heritage, cultural policies as well as intercultural and cember 2006) entered into force. This will happen interfaith dialogue and understanding and cultural only three months after the thirtieth instrument industries and artistic expressions. The importance of ratifi cation, acceptance, approval or accession of the promotion of cultural diversity in EU-Russia has been deposited with the Director-General of cultural cooperation was especially emphasised by UNESCO. At the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meet- the speakers of the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meet- ing Russia was strongly encouraged to join the ing. A major initiative concerning cultural diversity Convention and to participate, together with the EU has been the UNESCO Convention on the Protec- Member states, in its implementation. tion and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions. “Let me express the wish of Commissioner and the Eu- ropean Commission for the ratifi cation of the Unesco “The Convention is actually a historic thing, because it Convention as soon as possible. We would be very is the fi rst multilateral legal instrument in the fi eld of happy if Russian Federation along with European cultural policy. Its main thrust is to reaffi rm the right Union, European Communities, is amongst the fi rst of the parties to the Convention for their cultural policy 30 countries ratifying and depositing instruments of measures. That is a really signifi cant step.” Kimmo ratifi cation.” Vladimir Šucha, Director for Culture Aulake, Deputy Head of Division, Cultural Export and Communication, Education and Culture Direc- Division, Ministry of Education, Finland torate General, European Commission

The Diversity Convention was adopted by the For more information on UNESCO and the Con- UNESCO General Conference in October 2005. Its vention on the Protection and Promotion of the Di- goals are to create conditions for cultures to fl our- versity of Cultural Expressions, please see UNESCO ish and to interact freely, to give recognition to the homepage at http://www.unesco.org specifi city of cultural goods and services as vehicles of identity, values and meaning and, importantly, to reaffi rm the right of states to their cultural policies. The Convention also covers situations where cultural expressions may be under specifi c threat or

102 Progress made after the EU-Russia Kajaani Chairperson of Ars Baltica steering Committee, Expert Meeting: Baltic Sea States’ Council At the fi fth Meeting of the Rapporteurs of the EU- Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting (Brussels, Decem- “This programme (Institution Building Partnership ber 12, 2006) Russia was requested to give an update at the next meeting concerning the current Programme (TACIS-IBPP)), managed by the Com- state of the ratifi cation of the Convention on the mission’s Delegation in Moscow, includes the promo- Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cul- tion of projects in the cultural fi eld. The programme tural Expressions. provides grants to NGOs (non governmental organi- The Finnish Presidency also proposed that an sations) and local & regional authorities.... In the expert meeting discussing the ways that the Coop- spring of 2007 a specifi c call for proposals for cultur- eration Action Plan could promote the implementation of the Culture Convention could be organised al projects which are in line with the objectives of the between UNESCO, the European Commission and Roadmap covering the Fourth Common Space will the Russian Federation. be launched for which a budget of 2 million euros is available. Grants are up to 400 000 Euros each.

6.2. Funding In the future, ﬁ nancial cooperation with Russia will be through a new regulation (replacing the existing At the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting, several Tacis Programme) known as the ‘European Neigh- possible sources of funding for EU-Russia cultural bourhood and Partnership Instrument’. This Instru- cooperation were identified. The speakers and ment will make 15 million euros available for the commentators also pointed out specific fields and Four Common Spaces with perhaps 2-3 million for projects that lack the necessary resources. The Common Space 4.” John Penny, Principal Admin- following is a collection of comments made at the istrator, External Relations Directorate General, Meeting speciﬁ cally about the funding. European Commission

“We should develop and take full advantage of all “The publication prepared by the Finnish Institute of appropriate multilateral fi nancing instruments in Russian and East European Studies, the EU and Russia.” Alexander Sokolov, Minister “Cultural Cooperation between the European Union of Culture and Mass Communication of Russian and the Russian Federation: Sources of Funding”, Federation has been made available online. The EU countries should supplement this information and Russia re- “...I think that now it’s clear that if we really want spectively should provide information on possible to cooperate in this fi eld we need to have clear ac- sources of funding.” Seppo Lallukka, Director, The tions with a clear timetable and possible sources of Finnish Institute of Russian and East European fi nancing from the Member States, Russian Federa- Studies tion and, if possible, contribution of the Commission as well.“ Vladimir Šucha, Director for Culture and “I am aware that the funding of certain Member Communication, DG education and Culture, Eu- States is much more signifi cant and that funding ropean Commission from private foundations and business sponsorship can also be very important. “So exchange of information, communication and cooperation between existing networks, frameworks The booklet prepared by the Finnish Institute on and funding bodies is a key way how to solve and funding sources is very useful but will need to be enhance multilateral cooperation between EU coun- updated regularly. tries and Russia as well.” Rolandas Kvietkauskas,

103 The planned preparation of an Action Plan by the “The idea is to have NGOs from EU and Russia to get Working Party can constitute a bid for resources and together. We have had some kind of NGO meetings could aim to spell out how resources under the Com- between EU and Russia, but basically we don’t even mission’s new Neighbourhood and Partnership Instru- know which NGOs in different EU countries deal with ment could be committed.” John Penny, Principal Russia... Naturally there is also a ﬁ nancial question in- administrator, External Relations Directorate Gen- volved. Many NGOs lack resources to work effectively eral, European Commission or even to participate in this kind of forums. Basically I think that it helps if the bureaucracy provides some “The overall budget for Nordic cooperation is approxi- resources without putting any conditions on their use.” mately 125 mill. and approximately 20 mill. is used Heikki Talvitie, Chairman, The Finnish-Russian to cooperation in Russia and Baltic Sea region...In this Society expert meeting many of the speakers have addressed how important it is to have knowledge of funding possibilities. The Nordic Culture Fund has played a central Quotations: role in cultural cooperation within the Nordic region. But recently projects involving the Nordic region and Unless otherwise stated, the quotations used in this Northwest Russia - or other parts of Europe - have also section are taken from the keynote and comment been awarded grants.” Riitta Heinämaa, Senior Advi- speeches made at the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert sor, Nordic Council of Ministers Meeting on the Implementation of the Cultural Aspects of the Road Map for the Fourth Common “...as in most cases within the cultural heritage sector, Space (18 and 19 September in Kajaani, Finland). resources, even for our core mandated functions, are They are available online at the homepage of the limited. I was also encouraged in this area by the sur- Meeting at vey done on sources of funding that was just presented http://www.minedu.ﬁ /OPM/ by Mr Lallukka. A lack of disposable resources is one of Tapahtumakalenteri/2006/09/EU-Russia_meeting_ the principle reasons for not taking part in a collabora- culture_roadmap.html tive project.” Alexandra Coxen, Senior International Policy Advisor, English Heritage

“It seems that many art schools both in Europe and Russia are ready to cooperate with one another, but the major obstacle is the shortage of money. Europe has worked out its Lisbon strategy and found remark- able funds to develop the universities of sciences and technology. That is deﬁ nitely a right thing to do. But it would not be fair to leave art education without support, when with relatively little sums of money great humane, social, economical and political results could be achieved. EU, its member states but also Russia should create special funds to support cooperation of art universities.” Jaak Kangilaski, Professor Emeritus, University of Tartu, Estonia

104 Appendix 1: Article 85 of the Partnership and Co-operation Agreement (PCA) between EU and Russia

Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA, 1997)

Title IX - Cultural cooperation

Article 85. 1. The Parties undertake to promote cultural cooperation with the aim of reinforcing the existing links between their peoples and to encourage the mutual knowledge of their respective languages and cultures while respecting creative freedom and reciprocal access to cultural values. 2. Cooperation shall cover in particular the following areas: – exchange of information and experience in the ﬁ eld of conservation and protection of monuments and sites (architectural heritage); – cultural exchanges between institutions, artists and other persons working in the area of culture; – translation of literary works. 3. The Cooperation Council may make recommendations for the implementation of this Article.

105 Приложение 1: Соглашение о партнерстве и сотрудни- честве, Статья 85

Соглашение о партнерстве и сотрудничестве (СПС, 1997)

Раздел IX. Культурное сотрудничество

Статья 85 1. Стороны согласились содействовать развитию культурного сотрудничества с целью укрепле- ния существующих связей между их народами и поощрять взаимное знание ими их соответс- твующих языков и культур на основе уважения свободы творчества и взаимного доступа к куль- турным ценностям. 2. Сотрудничество, в частности, охватывает следу- ющие области: − обмен информацией и опытом в области сохра- нения и охраны памятников и исторических мест (архитектурное наследие); − культурный обмен между учреждениями, деяте- лями искусств и другими лицами, работающими в области культуры; − перевод литературных произведений. 3. Совет сотрудничества может давать рекоменда- ции относительно применения настоящей статьи.

106 Appendix 2: Road Map for the 3. Culture Common Space of Research and Education, Including Cultural Aspects Objectives: • To promote a structured approach to cultural cooperation between the enlarged EU and Russia, Road map, fi nal 10.5.2005 to foster the creativity and mobility of artists, public access to culture, the dissemination of art and The St. Petersburg Summit of May 2003 agreed culture, inter-cultural dialogue and knowledge of to reinforce co-operation with a view to creating a the history and cultural heritage of the peoples of space of research and education, including cultural Europe. aspects. This should reinforce people-to-people • To strengthen and enhance the European identity on the basis of common values, including freedom contacts, promote common values and contribute to of expression, democratic functioning of the media, increase the competitiveness of the EU and Russian respect of human rights including the rights of economies. persons belonging to minorities and promotion of The EU and Russia have fostered good co-opera- cultural and linguistic diversity as a basis of vitality of tion on research, with the renewal of the Science civil society in Europe without dividing lines. and Technology co-operation agreement in 2003 • To develop cooperation between the cultural industries of the EU and Russia in order to increase and the adoption, in 2002, of the Action Plan to both their cultural and economic impact. In order to enhance Science and Technology co-operation be- pursue this overall objective, the following activities tween the European Commission and Russia. Op- are regarded as prospective: portunities for the participation of Russian scientists and researchers in EU-funded activities have been Assessing the possibility of developing a cooperation extended via the 6th R&D Framework Programme. programme within the framework of the relevant In the fi eld of education Russia has already initi- EU external relations instrument. This programme ated the integration into European Higher Educa- could include inter alia: tion Area via its recent accession to the Bologna — the promotion of artistic and cultural projects with process and participation in the EU Tempus Pro- a European dimension (festivals, master classes, gramme. The recent creation of the EU Erasmus exhibitions, new productions, tours, translations and Mundus Programme opens the way for increased conferences); the promotion of short-, medium-, and long-term cooperation between museums to cooperation. There are also Russian participants in enhance cultural ties, conservation and research of the EU Youth programme promoting exchanges and common European heritage; intercultural dialogue between young people, youth — the promotion of the links between artistic leaders and youth organisations. universities and institutions in order to create new cultural resources; Objective: — the training of professionals in the audiovisual sector, promotion and distribution of cinematographic works and audiovisual programmes and support for fi lm Capitalize on the strong EU and Russian intellectual festivals heritage and knowledge capital to promote economic growth involving civil society of the EU and Russia Fostering the convergence with European stand- and strengthening of competitiveness of economies ards in the broadcasting fi eld. Consultation and in Russia and the EU. cooperation in relevant international fora, such as Intensify links and exchanges in the fi elds of edu- UNESCO, in order to defend common objectives cation, youth and culture and promote the identifi - and promote cultural diversity especially through cation and adoption of best practices. the negotiation of an international convention on the protection of the diversity of cultural contents and artistic expressions. 107 Приложение 2: «Дорож- Активизировать связи и обмены в сфере обра- ная карта» по общему про- зования и культуры, среди молодежи, а также спо- странству науки и образо- собствовать выявлению и применению наилучшей вания, включая культурные практики в этих областях. аспекты

На саммите в Санкт-Петербурге в мае 2003 года 3. Культура была достигнута договоренность об укреплении со- трудничества в целях создания пространства науки Цель: и образования, включая культурные аспекты. Это • Продвигать структурированный подход к куль- должно способствовать развитию контактов между турному сотрудничеству между Россией и расши- людьми, продвижению общих ценностей и внести ренным Евросоюзом, содействовать творчеству вклад в повышение конкурентоспособности эконо- и мобильности деятелей культуры, повышению мик России и ЕС. доступности культуры для населения, распро- Россия и ЕС содействовали развитию плодотвор- странению искусства и культуры, межкультурно- ного сотрудничества в области научных исследова- му диалогу, углублению знания истории и куль- турного наследия народов Европы. ний, возобновив в 2003г. Соглашение о сотрудничес- • Укреплять и усиливать европейскую идентич- тве в области науки и технологий и приняв в 2002г. ность на основе общих ценностей, включая сво- план действий по активизации сотрудничества Рос- боду выражения, демократическое функциониро- сии и Европейской комиссии в области науки и тех- вание СМИ, соблюдение прав человека, включая нологий. Для российских ученых и исследователей права лиц, принадлежащих к меньшинствам, и расширились возможности участвовать в финан- продвижение культурного и языкового многооб- разия как основы жизнеспособности граждан- сируемых ЕС мероприятиях путем использования ского общества в Европе без разделительных инструментов 6-й Рамочной программы по исследо- линий. ваниям и технологическому развитию. • Развивать сотрудничество между сферами куль- В образовательной сфере Россия уже начала ин- туры России и ЕС в целях увеличения их куль- тегрироваться в Европейское пространство высшего турного и экономического значения. образования, присоединившись недавно к Болонско- Для реализации этой общей цели следующие мероп- му процессу и участвуя в реализации программы ЕС риятия рассматриваются как перспективные: «Темпус». Сформированная недавно программа ЕС Оценка возможности разработки программы со- «Эразмус-Мундус» открывает путь к расширению трудничества в рамках соответствующего инстру- сотрудничества. Российские участники также за- мента ЕС по внешним связям. Эта программа может действованы в Программе ЕС «Молодежь», которая включать, помимо прочего: содействует развитию обменов и межкультурному • продвижение художественных и культурных диалогу между молодыми людьми, молодежными проектов европейского измерения (фестивали, лидерами и молодежными организациями. мастер-классы, выставки, новые произведения искусства, экскурсии, переводы, конференции); Цель: • продвижение кратко-, средне- и долгосрочного сотрудничества между музеями в целях укрепле- Использовать богатое интеллектуальное наследство ния культурных связей, сохранения и изучения и накопленные знания России и ЕС в целях содейс- общего наследия Европы; твия экономическому росту с участием гражданс- • продвижение культурных связей между худо- кого общества в России и ЕС и повышению уровня жественными университетами и институтами для конкурентоспособности экономик России и Евросо- создания новых культурных ресурсов; юза.

108 • подготовка профессиональных кадров в аудио- визуальной области, продвижение и распростра- нение кинематографических произведений и ау- диовизуальных программ и оказание поддержки проведению фестивалей фильмов. • содействие сближению с Европейскими стандар- тами вещания.

проведение консультаций и развитие сотрудничес- тва в рамках соответствующих международных форумов, таких как ЮНЕСКО, для защиты общих целей и продвижения культурного многообразия, в особенности путем проведения переговоров по международной Конвенции о защите разнообразия культурного содержания и форм художественного выражения.

109 ACTION TAKEN ACTION before the 1st EU-Russia Joint Group Meeting Working ACTION TAKEN ACTION before the 1st EU-Russia Joint Group Meeting Working DECISION 12 Oct 2006 / 12 Dec. 2006 The possible inclusion of these The and similar events should be Cooperation discussed. The Action Plan should be structured as a plan that can be easily updated. The work towards charting work towards charting The the various sources for funding EU-Russia cultural cooperation will continue with the Commission’s support. As part of its Presidency will startprogramme, Portugal to draft the Cooperation Action Plan and prepare the meeting Partnership of the Permanent Council on Culture. HOW , 7 EU-Russia Partnership and Cooperation Agreement and the 50th anniversary of the should of Rome in 2007 Treaty be taken into account in cultural cooperation between the EU and Russia. Russia, private foundations and business sponsorships provide important sources of funding for cultural cooperation. The Cooperation Action Plan should include a section on nancing. ﬁ Portugal will seek to develop Portugal instruments of EU-Russia cultural cooperation based on the ideas put forward at the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting MEASURE the second half of 200 Appendix 3:Appendix Possible Elements for inclusion in the Cooperation Action Plan DEVELOPING THE KAJAANI PROCESS Creating the EU-Russia Cooperation Action Plan 3 10th anniversary The of the 2 EU The Member States, 1. Continuation of the Kajaani process and preparation Cooperation Action Plan 1 During its Presidency in

110 The Presidency conclusions were The discussed by the COEST on 21 on 21 Sep. Sep., by the CAC and by the Audiovisual Working Presidency Oct. The Party on 17 presented the Presidency Conclusions in the Education, and Culture Council on 13 Youth Nov. The Presidency has proposed to The the organisers that issue be cial CCP discussed at the unofﬁ and 1 Dec. meeting on 30 Nov. It was decided, as proposed, that DG RELEX will inform the colleagues preparing ENPI and the Head of EU delegation in Moscow about the nancing needs of EU-Russia ﬁ cultural cooperation. It was decided that the EAC will analyse the cultural programmes and discuss with INFSO the applicability of programmes to EU-RussiaAV cooperation. It was decided that the EAC will analyse the possible contribution of the European Year of Intercultural Dialogue 2008 programme. In order to keep all the Member States up-to-date and thus facilitate their participation in the preparation of the Cooperation Action Plan, it was decided that they will be regularly informed about the Kajaani process. It was decided that the Presidency will inquire the organisers of the informal CCP meeting how Director Šucha’s proposal could be implemented by the Cultural Contact Points. and the Audiovisual DG External Relations (RELEX) will undertake the necessary analysis and draft the text of Cooperation Action Plan. DG Education and Culture and DG(EAC) Information Society and Media (INFSO) will analyse the programmes and draft the relevant text for Cooperation Action Plan. could analyse the EAC The possible contribution of the of Intercultural European Year Dialogue 2008 programme to Cooperation Action Plan. the Rapporteurs When have received the proposal concerning the Cooperation Action Plan, the matter will the be discussed in the CAC, COEST Party and in the organs Working of the Russian Federation. The Finnish Cultural ContactThe could be asked to Point convene the contact points to discuss their possible role in implementing the Cooperation Action Plan. 7 arting in 200 programmes starting in 2007 programmes starting in 2007 and ascertaining how the EU countries can implement the Cooperation Action Plan with their help Dialogue 2008 Party will Audiovisual Working take up the EU-Russia in CAP culture at their meetings. programmes st and ascertaining how the EU countries can implement the Cooperation Action Plan with their help countries and in Russia 5 Examining cultural and AV 6 of Intercultural European Year 7 and the the CAC COEST, The 2. Actors and policies 2.1. EU 4 Examining external relations 8 Advice for cultural actors in EU

111 ACTION TAKEN ACTION before the 1st EU-Russia Group Meeting Joint Working At its meeting on 27-28 Nov., Nov., At its meeting on 27-28 Ars Baltica supported the idea of a joint seminar the regional councils and the Nordic Council of Ministers, where Ars Baltica will also be represented. Ars Baltica considers cooperation with Russia an important part of its activities. ACTION TAKEN before the 1st EU-Russia Joint Group Meeting Working DECISION 12 Oct 2006 / 12 Dec. 2006 Russia could give an update at Group the next Joint Working meeting concerning the current situation as regards these conventions. Russia could give an update at the next Joint Working Group meeting concerning the current situation as regards its participation. Russia could give an update at Group the next Joint Working meeting concerning the current cation process. state of the ratiﬁ Russia could give an overview Group at the next Joint Working meeting of how and when this accession can be realised. Russia could give an overview Group at the next Joint Working meeting of how and when this accession can be realised. HOW

ESCO ESCO age Network by the Russian involved in many Ars Baltica projects and Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications of the has promised Russian Federation to nominate a representative to the Ars Baltica organising committee. In future, Russian participation in the cooperation should be enhanced. ratify the Valletta Convention ratify the Valletta on the protection of heritagearchaeological and sign the Faro Framework Convention on the value of cultural heritage for society. Convention by the Russian Federation Agreement by the Russian Federation Federation MEASURE Herit 13 Russian participants have been 12 could Russian Federation The 11cation of the UN Ratiﬁ 10 Accession to the Eurimages 2.2. Russia 9 Accession to the European

112 It was agreed to follow the proposal. Russia should be asked if it has nominated a representative to the Monitoring Group. Russia could give an update concerning the present status of the European cultural institutes in Russia. Russian Ministry of Culture The and Mass Communication of will analyse the feedback the Finnish experts on proposals and suggest action to be included in the CAP. cultural institutes in Russia should ed in cooperation with be clariﬁ Russian authorities. cultural cooperation (submitted to Commissioner Figel’ on 22 June 2006) of the Council Baltic Sea States, so far it has not participated in the work of Monitoring Group on Cultural Heritage. It is suggested that Russia nominate its representative to the Monitoring Group and its permanent working groups. 15 status The of the European 16 Minister Sokolov’s document on 14 Although Russia is a member

113 The proposalThe for a joint seminar was supported by the Kirkenäs meeting. A representative of the Norwegian Presidency of the NCM suggested that the issue be put on the agenda of the meeting of Committee cials for Nordic of Senior Offi Cultural Cooperation on 5 deputy director of Dec. The ce the NCM Information Offi supported in St. Petersburg the proposal. time for Possible White the seminar is May (The in St. Petersburg) Nights Festival or September (Nordic culinary seminar will carry on event). The the Kajaani Process by proposing the Nordic ways in which countries and their cooperation with Russia could be included in the Cooperation Action Plan. ACTION TAKEN ACTION before the 1st EU-Russia Group Meeting Joint Working The proposalThe was supported at NCMthe Kirkenäs meeting. The cials Committee of Senior Offi for Nordic Cultural Cooperation met on 5 Dec. 2006 to discuss the proposal. proposed The Kajaani meeting would carry on the Kajaani Process by the proposing ways in which regional councils in the Northern Dimension and their cooperation with Russia could be included in the Cooperation Action Plan. At the Kirkenäs Meeting, it was proposed that the St Petersburg ce organise a information offi seminar for the Nordic countries and Russia on the Cooperation Action Plan. ACTION TAKEN before the 1st EU-Russia Joint Group Meeting Working At their meeting on 25 Oct., the Finnish organisers of the Northern Dimension Summit supported the idea and it was decided that the councils will be convened Kirkenäs The in Kajaani 2007. was informed meeting on 16 Nov. NDabout this. The meeting will also be discussed at the Ars Nov. Baltica Event on 27-28 The proposalThe was accepted. DECISION 12 Oct 2006 / 12 Dec. 2006 It was decided that the Presidency will inquire the organisers of the Northern Dimension Summit about the possibility to convene the cultural bodies of the regional councils within the framework of Northern Dimension to prepare proposals for the content and implementation of the Cooperation Action Plan. Ms Paula Tuomikoski was Ms Paula Tuomikoski ndings invited to present the fi of the Kajaani Meeting to NCM meeting in Kirkenäs. As agreed by the Rapporteurs, she was to propose the NCM to convene a seminar (organised by the St Petersburg ce) where the information offi Nordic countries and Russia could together deliberate the content of the Cooperation Action Plan. HOW The cultural organs of the Artic The Council, the Barents Euro Arctic Council, the Baltic Sea Council, the Nordic Council of Ministers could be convened in to jointly propose action 2007 for the CAP. M) and C cultural partnership MEASURE part of the implementation of the Northern Dimension policy Council of Ministers (N 18 Northern cultural partnership as 2.3. Regional councils and the Northern Dimension 17 Russia programme of the Nordic

114 meeting the Presidency Following an invitationFollowing by the EUNIC has sent 15.12.2006 a formal a organise to request to EUNIC joint meeting that could deliberate the content of Cooperation Action Plan and identify European cooperation networks and their possible partners in Russia that could be the actors implementing the Cooperation Action Plan. The Ars BalticaThe meeting on 2006 supported the Nov. 27-28 idea of a common seminar for the regional councils and NCM, where Ars Baltica will also be represented. Ars Baltica considers cooperation with Russia an important part of its activities. 1. The Presidency was informed 1. The be not will ce Offi that the EUNIC able to arrange a meeting during the German Presidency and nd another that Germany will fi solution. 2. A representative of the association of Finnish cultural c institutes abroad and scientifi attended the EUNIC meeting in Lisbon and mentioned this issue Presidency at the meeting. 3. The is invited to send a formal request to EUNIC to organise a joint meeting on these issues. organise a seminar in January 2007. It was noted that the next meeting of EUNIC will be in Lisbon on 2-3 2006. representatives The of Nov. and Portugal Germany (Ms Wolf) nd out if this (Ms Pincarilho) will fi meeting could also discuss EU- Russia cooperation. The proposalThe was accepted. Northern art academies will Berlin Offi ce, during Berlin Offi Ars Baltica will be invited to the meeting of the regional councils to be held in autumn 2007. A joint seminar could be arranged, possibly by the EUNIC the German Presidency to discuss concrete cooperation participants paradigms. The would primarily be networks in the EU countries supported by the Commission (EAC) and Russian networks, to ed by the Ministry be identifi of Culture and Mass Communications. The next Presidency should The survey the existing cultural networks open to Russian participation. Finnish art academies that The cooperate in arts management project, St. Petersburg) (Tacis could be invited to assemble an innovation network of northern work could art academies. The which start with a seminar, could generate proposals for the Cooperation Action Plan. preparation of the Cooperation Action Plan networks and their partners in Russia that are potential actors in the Cooperation Action Plan organisations to participate in the European cultural networks should be an integral part of the future Cooperation Action Plan institutions in the northern areas 19 Ars Baltica’s participation in the 2.4. Networks 20 Identifying European cooperation 21 enable Russian Projects which 22 Links between art universities and

115 ACTION TAKEN ACTION before the 1st EU-Russia Group Meeting Joint Working ACTION TAKEN before the 1st EU-Russia Joint Group Meeting Working The cultural counsellors of the The EU countries in Moscow were asked by the Presidency to make a short list of the key issues and problems they have experienced. 06 At their meeting on 21 Nov. the Counsellors decided make list and deliver it to the EU-Russia Group. Joint Working DECISION 12 Oct 2006 / 12 Dec. 2006 The proposalThe was accepted. It was decided to invite the Russian Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications to participate in the work. HOW An online forum should be created to support NGOs in developing their projects and networks to the forum is being Follow-up planned; the Russian side has expressed its willingness to host the following forum, possibly in Moscow 2008. of the Lahti forum chairman The also suggested a small-scale think-tank, to be organised in one of the EU countries during 2007. cials in EU cultural offi The countries’ embassies will discuss the progress in preparation of the Cooperation Action Plan and put forward proposals for its content. MEASURE cooperation in the fi eld of culture cooperation in the fi on civil for the future – Forum society cooperation of European Union and Russia” was held in November Lahti, Finland, 17-18 2006 as an opportunity for the NGOs to bring forward their views and create their own agenda of EU-Russia dialogue, to create mutual partnerships and networks, to generate ideas for future cooperation projects and to make recommendations to EU for developing cooperation between NGOs and contacts with citizens. cials in the embassies of offi the EU countries and the EU representation in Moscow 2.5. NGOs 23 of developing NGO Possibilities 24 An NGO forum titled ”Together 2.6. Embassies 25 Cooperation between cultural

116 organisers of the Cultural Forum organisers of the Cultural Forum that there will be a seminar for the EU Member States at the Tver in September 2007. Forum The Russian ambassadorsThe to the EU Member States will convene in Brussels December 2006. will takeMinister Avetisyan up the issue in this context. It was decided on institutional grounds that the cooperation will not be expanded beyond the EU- Russia context at this stage. proposalThe was accepted. It has been agreed with the ESCO, ESCO, Cultural experts in Russian embassies and in Russian c institutes cultural and scientifi abroad will convene to explore and ways to implement the CAP suggest content for it. Group could Joint Working The invite the Council of Europe to make proposals for the Cooperation Action Plan. An expert meeting discussing how the Cooperation Action Plan could promote the implementation of the Cultural Diversity Convention should be organised between UN the European Commission and the Russian Federation. Finland could convene representatives of interested EU countries to a special seminar to be held in connection with the next Finnish-Russian Cultural Forum Sep. 2007, on 27-29 in Tver concept and where the Forum the experience gained so far will be presented. After the seminar the participants can attend and see its work in the Forum action. ESCO ESCO Federation and the European Federation Community and its Member States have joined the UN Convention on cultural diversity and the Convention has entered into force, projects need to be formulated in the Cooperation Action Plan that will put the Convention into effect. Finnish-Russian Cultural Forum offi cials in the Russian offi embassies in the EUFederation’s countries and its representation at the EU 2.7. Other Actors 2.7. 27 Council of Europe 28 both the Russian When 3. Some existing models for cooperation 29 Experience gained within the 26 Cooperation between cultural

117 ACTION TAKEN ACTION before the 1st EU-Russia Group Meeting Joint Working ACTION TAKEN before the 1st EU-Russia Joint Group Meeting Working DECISION 12 Oct 2006 / 12 Dec. 2006 HOW A seminar could be arranged to discuss the existing forms of artistic and cultural cooperation between EU countries and Russia and to explore how experiences gained in bilateral cooperation could be utilised in the EU-Russia context. Slovenia could be asked to suggest how the forum could be incorporated in the Cooperation Action Plan. Group could Joint Working The nd out if DG for Enterprise fi & Industry (DG ENT) thinks that cultural tourism should be included in the Cooperation Action Plan. DG ENT could also be asked how it could contribute to the drafting of Cooperation Action Plan. possibility for the EUThe and Russia to organise joint cultural elds export projects in different fi of culture could be discussed. heads of the heritageThe agencies in the EU countries could be asked to assess if they nd this an interesting topic for fi project cooperation. MEASURE bilateral and multilateral cultural cooperation (e.g. the national cultural seasons in France) could be noted in the which Cooperation Action Plan. 2008, Slovenia intends to support of the activities of Forum Slavic Cultures and promote the traditions of other Slavic countries in the EU and the New Neighbourhood. component element in the Cooperation Action Plan projects should be one of the priorities in the Cooperation Action Plan. management of historic cities c in Russia could be one specifi aim for cooperation on cultural heritage. 30 are many forms of There 31 During its EU Presidency in elds and forms of cooperation fi 4. Key 32 Cultural tourism as possible 33 Promotion of public-private 34 Drawing up a plan for the

118 It was noted that actions in the of sector require the backing AV DG INFSO. It was agreed that will send a proposalthe EAC lm institutes to concerning the fi INFSO. DG The European Commission, The the Russian Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications Agency of and the Federal Culture and Cinematography should determine how student mobility could be and teacher increased in the framework of the EU, Russian national and other programmes. Commission could be The requested to determine how exibly the EU’s culture and fl education programmes can be used in the implementation of cross-sectoral projects. Finnish Film Foundation The is prepared to invite, if seen rst meeting the fi necessary, lm institutes of the EU of the fi Member States and GosKino with a view to exploring the need for cooperation in the eld and putting forward lm fi fi proposals content. for the CAP meeting could identify The the relevant authorities and networks in the EU and Russia. Cooperation with relevant bodies in the EU and Russia. between art universities and institutes in EU countries and Russia, a programme on art and design and media education similar to Socrates/Erasmus/ Leonardo is needed. Existing programmes open to limited Russian participation are not enough. the audiovisual sector Action Plan special attention should be paid to the intellectual property rights in order to remove barriers for cooperation. ght against piracy concerned to fi nancial in order to secure the fi basis of culture. mobility in art universities 36 In order to develop cooperation 37 Development of cooperation in 38 In the planning of Cooperation 39 It is in the interests of all those 35 Promotion of student and teacher

119 The representative The of Portugal stated is preparing that Portugal actions in a positive spirit and that it will present concrete proposals at the next joint working group meeting. Russia could suggest how the promotion of Russian language and culture could be included in the Cooperation Action Plan Commission could The clarify what possibilities the EU programmes give for the implementation of projects involving young people and youth culture as part of the Cooperation Action Plan. is Future Presidency Portugal sounded out as to its interest in convening a meeting for the preparation of the Cooperation Action Plan. the EU and Russia should be included in the Cooperation Action Plan. Russia cooperation and culture in the EU 41 Cooperation involving youth in 42 “Southern dimension” in EU- 40 Promotion of Russian language

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мероприятий действий

мотреть своей сотрудничеству

План который вносить скользящий Необходимо расс сотрудничеству может собой По по План иных в включения возможности

между

области в

Россией партнерстве . Римского ходе

юбилейные и летие о необходимо

. г наступающие ЕС

году Россией летие - 10-

сотрудничестве 2007 соглашения и между и 50- Договора даты В ЕС культуры учесть этом сотрудничества 3

123

России - группы

МЕРЫ

ЕС

заседания

го 1-

ПРИНЯТЫЕ до совместной экспертов

России - группы

МЕРЫ

ЕС

заседания

го 1- ПРИНЯТЫЕ до

совместной экспертов

. ЕС ./

ЕС главу

, провести

принято

соседства

2006 г 2006 2006 г 2006 согласовать финансовых RELEX RELEX том точки и .

о с

о также области . EAC EAC

решение программ

возможности

занимающихся сотрудничества культурных а в

, Ге н е р а л ьн ы й Россия декабря октября

основе

- льтуры партнерства Москве зрения ЕС с INFSO аудиовизуальных искусств анализа программ поручить анализ Принято директорат проинформирует коллег Россия что потребностях сотрудничества (ENPI), поступившего предложения решение подготовкой Европейского инструмента и Представительства в На 12 РЕШЕНИЕ 12 ку

по

по . по

анализ

ЕК ЕК ЕК подготовят в для

проект

(EAC)

и анализ связям (INFSO) (INFSO)

проведет действий РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ

действий

екторат екторат развитию образованию

составит Ге н е р а л ьн ы й культуре сотрудничеству План необходимые материалы включения Плана и программ сотрудничеству Ге н е р а л ьн ы й дир и по необходимый директорат информационного общества проведут дир Ге н е р а л ьн ы й внешним (RELEX) и по

ПУТИ

в их их

лиз лиз с с

подходы наметить

внешних в ана ана наметить ЕС ЕС и и

, культуры и начинающихся .,

г действий действий , .,

г реализации реализации

сотрудничеству сотрудничеству овести

аудиовизуальных Плана по странами и пути помощью искусств начинающихся помощью 2007 Плана по странами пути программ связей программ области Провести Пр в 2007 ЗАДАЧА ЕС Участники 4 5 2.1. 2.1. 2. 2.

124

на

13 на группы сентября

итоги по , на

совещании также

молодежной а на ,

, CAC 21 культуре Совета Рабочей

представит .

председательства

октября Председательствующая . В /

образованию ноября совещании политике COEST сентября 21 совещаниях А председательства подводились и 17 страна Итоги совещании ”.

по

Каяни

года

членов сторон

подготовке EAC EAC решение обеспечения решение в возможность

-2008.

действий процесса

бходимости действенного ”

целью их нео мероприятий программы Европейского межкультурного диалога использования изучить поручить Принято постоянного информирования государств и участия Плана сотрудничеству принято о С ходе регулярного информирования указанных

на

ЕС

(

к года с по

ссмотреть

вопрос

и . одном ка

поступят проведения

ра

В ), ,

/ РФ по области

Плана А

-2008 или в

того рассматриваться

может последующих

распоряжение После межкультурного диалога мероприятиями сотрудничества Россия культуры EAC EAC Европейского возможности интеграции мероприятий программы соответствующими органами CAC, COEST, Рабочей COEST, CAC, группой в совещаний будет из Рапортеров предложения данном проекту действий сотрудничеству

своих между по ЕС

Азии

Европе на

. обсудят

уппа Европейский группа гр

. - мероприятий г Россией

межкультурного очая

и культурному Восточной

Центральной совещаниях Раб ЕС сотрудничеству искусствам по аудиовизуальным План (COEST), CAC и Рабочая и по диалога год 7 62008 62008

125

России - группы

МЕРЫ

ЕС

заседания

го 1-

ПРИНЯТЫЕ до совместной экспертов

КПК

ноября действий действий

вопрос

роль 30 30 России

за

- группы Возможно

МЕРЫ Плана

ЕС Плана .

КПК

предложение

данный адрес

заседания

неофициального обсудить

го декабря стороны сотрудничеству сотрудничеству 1-

ходе тветственных Со председательствующей страны ПРИНЯТЫЕ до о обсудить в реализации по поступило совещания по подготовку совместной экспертов также и 1

. ./

ном пунктами - ,

г 2006 г 2006 2006 г 2006 культуре , Контактных

решение по

обсудить

. реализации

декабря октября организаторами пути Контактными предложения представленного директором Шухой пунктов неформального совещания 12 РЕШЕНИЕ 12

поручить председательствующей стране с Принято .

, ,

быть .

по

может

. ходе

того того

поручить о

. пунктов это это

Россия Россия Россия может

культуре

ратификации

совещание по

реализации

действий представить представить предоставить РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ

когда когда

жность в реализовано соображения соображения

обсуждения и и

следующем следующем следующем возможной

змо овещании овещании овещании быть относительно как вхождение реализовано относительно как присоединение На На с На с с Существует во

финляндскому Контактному пункту созвать Контактных их роли процесса для может может может информацию свои свои ПУТИ Плана сотрудничеству

ЕС

Сеть

ссией

в для

наследия

Ро

” культурного РФ странах ЮНЕСКО

соглашению

РФ к

исоединение в Евроимидж Пр Ратификация Вхождение Конвенции европейского “ Рекомендации участников процесса и ЗАДАЧА РФ Россия 10 11 2.2. 2.2. 9 8

126

ноября семинара участием

Россией с Арс с

советов

Балтика 27-28 27-28 поддержали

высоко стран

министров Арс

. совместного

Балтика собрании

Совета На представителей Балтика оценивает сотрудничество Серерных и региональных идею Арс

к .

Россия Россия в

назначен , Конвенциям

предоставить предоставить .

процесса

участия

следующем следующем российский участии яснить

овещании овещании На Необходимо вы На Мониторинговой представитель для группе сотрудничестве с с данным может ходе присоединения может ли информацию информацию об

не . не

Арс

группы Совета

. должно “

РФ

работе

. пор

охране тем назначить

конвенции

”.

, в программы

участие подписание массовых Балтийского России

об участия еном России

культурному

назначить

ратификация сих оекты

для и и культурного

. реализуются

групп чл Валлеттской

”

пр по Европы Мониторинговой до представителя

представителей Россия ,

расширено Балтика постоянных ,

участия

Рамочной

перспективе ее участием ногие

Арс сотрудничестве быть российское В “ Оргкомитет своего обязалось Являясь коммуникаций для Мониторинговой и рабочих предлагается культуры Министерство ценности наследия общества наследию своих с Совета работе группы Балтика государств моря ею археологического наследия принимает Возможна менее конвенции Россией М 14 12 13

127

России - группы

МЕРЫ

ЕС

заседания

го 1- ПРИНЯТЫЕ до совместной экспертов

России - группы

МЕРЫ

ЕС

заседания

го 1-

ПРИНЯТЫЕ до совместной экспертов . ./

. 2006 г 2006 2006 г 2006 решение данное

декабря октября принять предложение Принято 12 РЕШЕНИЕ 12

отзывы

в по .

РФ

институтов стороной массовых

длагается статусе

и е экспертов

пр

РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ

действий

. включения

ьтуры предложит представленных РФ сотрудничеству Министерство кул План и финских российской предложениях мероприятия проанализирует для России о коммуникаций

в предоставить информацию нынешнем европейских культурных ПУТИ

22 ,

прояснить институтов .

Соколовым

г Фигелю

о власти

культуры

европейских

2006 . взаимодействии

РФ российскими культурных статус в июня необходимо представленный Министром Комиссару органами ЗАДАЧА сотрудничестве области Документ Во с 16 15

128

в на

, стран стран

старших

семинар

Совета получило сентябре ,

Северных если включить их декабря по по

Россией

повестку фестиваль .- совещании интеграции

и также ”,

с 5

С ( в

оно семинар .

страны в

на об лиц и или

данное

сотрудничеству директора продолжением

”

мае , Представитель

кулинарного предложение

), Северных

Комитета . как Каяни Северных сформулированы в стран стран

, действий вопрос

ночи министров

предложил

стать Туомикоски

, Петербурге будут

.- жет нный Киркенесе С Плане Белые процесса фестиваль Петербургский в стран да в поддержал Предположительно искусства предложение поддержку Норвегии председательствующей Совете Заместитель информационного представительства министров состоится “ Петербурге ( в сотрудничеству представила Северных сотрудничества Паула культурному Северных должностных заседания мо ” нем предложения

СМСС

действий

. могли г

внесено

в совещания доработать

об

Петербургским

Плана

Северные

или будет Россия

совместно совещании сотрудничеству котором

едложение

Киркенес На бы содержание по страны на информационным организации представительством семинара пр

было

. принято Предложение ”

по

. семинар Каяни

в быть через Совету измерение

содержание Северные

в ,

итоги Северных

совместно Россия

действий Туомикоски бы может

петербургское согласии

котором едложено

Северное Пауле доработать Плана сотрудничеству страны могли свое на информационное организовать стран предложено представительство пр Киркенесе представить совещания Рапортеров министров При и “

советы

Россией с

” Совета культурное Северных

их и

ссийская ограмма Ро партнерство стран министров пр Региональные 17 “ 2.3. 2.3.

129

их г

процесс

позиция области по вопросу СМСС

Россией

” 5 в с назначено

включении

России . . советов совещании На - семинар получило г

о элементов лиц

котором группы

МЕРЫ совещания

и ЕС

на

йствий ” на стран старших

Северного выработает данному

де заседания 20 ”

и продолжит по определена ”

го

Киркенес сотрудничеству 1- .

Плане г сотрудничества в региональных региона измерения в предложения поддержку культуры будет СМСС Каяни Планируемый Каяни Предложение декабря по Северных проведение Комитета должностных сотрудничеству ПРИНЯТЫЕ до совместной экспертов

”

на

Арс для и

, . ”

идею в “ ,

Арс

элемент

Балтика ”

. Арс .

своих

“ Арс Вопрос министров октября проведения для

идею .

г . “ Арс стороны России Киркенес

советов - Саммита ” 25 .

пригласить

Плана группы г

2006

сотрудничеству эту МЕРЫ обсуждаться важный совместного

измерения ЕС совещания

программы

стран котором Совета совещании

региональных по

совещании сотрудничества рассматривает направит поддержали

в 2007 как в в заседания и Вопросы ” ” ” 27-28 ноября ” 27-28 ”

мероприятия . будут участия деятельности

рассматриваться ноября

решено

го

стия сией совещании своем 1-

Каяни ходе подготовке финляндской Северного . уча представителей вышеназванных региональных поддержали было развитие Рос Балтика представителей с Северных участия Балтика “ организаторы На советов Балтика в проведения семинара также Балтика указанного ноября также в действий совещании ПРИНЯТЫЕ до На 27-28 участники будет г совместной экспертов своей

”

. ./ о

его

по

рамках по

созыва

2006 г 2006 2006 г 2006 вопрос

измерения . органов

” Северного указанных

решение выработки “

выяснить действий

ерения декабря октября организаторов целью Северного предложить председательствующей стране у Саммита Принято сотрудничеству реализации региональных организаций с предложений Плану культуры “ возможности совещания 12 РЕШЕНИЕ 12

изм

стран

Арс

. в осень по .

“

советов

быть

совете целью моря на для

на

выработки

едставители с

стран об совещании

будут пр Совете культуры в могут ” . ,

министров Баренцева г а

РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ .

действий г идет

07 включения

20 Совете Северных региона Евроарктического Балтийского Совете Арктическом В сотрудничеству Речь План Балтик совместной для совещание мероприятий приглашены Представители

2007 намеченном органов соответствующих советов приглашены участия региональных ПУТИ

”

” ка

по

Балти Северных

политики измерения

часть

Арс действий как

подготовке Северного реализации “ стран Участие “ Плана в сотрудничеству Культурное партнерство ЗАДАЧА 19 18

130

для

письмо в

ние действий

могли .

для 15.12.2006 по европейских и

партнеров

содержания Плана совеща участие

организовать

которые предложению

, направила действий официальное

сотрудничества

принять сотрудничеству возможных

России просьбой совместное Согласно Председательствующая страна EUNIC с их в бы реализации по обсуждения идентификации сетей Плана сотрудничеству

во

с . 3. . 3.

сможет

, анская совещании

данных

иную в Общества

академических встречу письмо герм

Финляндии . 2. и

совещание

совещании берлинское но данный EUNIC EUNIC EUNIC не EUNIC организовать

, . найдет Лиссабоне

на предложено проинформирована

председательства что

, обсуждения

Председательствующая том совместное для вопросов официальное просьбой направить Председательствующей стране участвовавший EUNIC поднимал вопрос культурных учреждений возможность Представитель сторона Германии отделение страна о организовать время 1.

) , этого -

ЕС

) г . Вольф ( выяснить

вопросов - совещание

. 2006 г

отмечено

повестку ( в ло состоится

бы Лиссабоне ноября

Пинкарильо

в Португалии . Как

очередное EUNIC 2-3 г Представителям Германии Россия совещания и сотрудничества жа предложено возможность включения

) .

РФ

отделению

семинара участия обзор

формы семинара

ЕАС массовых стороны

Основную

( для и возможно составить

стран

определит

Европейский должна обсудить поручить

бы

культурной участников

учреждений

Участников дседательствующая котором . едседательства

ходе российской

коммуникаций ЕС Министерство культуры берлинскому могли представители поддерживаемых Комиссией структур с стороны направленности российского открытых EUNIC ( союз часть можно культуры проведение смогут существующих сетей Организацию на конкретные сотрудничества страна подготовить В совместного Ге р м а н и и проведение пр Следующая пре

по

для

структур сетях в

культуры

партнеров реализации

создающие российских стать ,

будущего

действий действий

возможных

тью сотрудничеству ределение

их потенциальных вропейских Неотъемлемой час проекты по должны Оп - участников Плана е Плана сотрудничеству предпосылки участия организаций и российских европейских учреждений сотрудничества Структуры 21 2.4. 2.4. 20

131

России - группы

МЕРЫ

ЕС

заседания

го 1- ПРИНЯТЫЕ до совместной экспертов

России - группы

МЕРЫ

ЕС

заседания

го 1-

ПРИНЯТЫЕ до совместной экспертов . ./

было

2006 г 2006 2006 г 2006 . декабря октября Предложение принято

12 РЕШЕНИЕ 12 и

с ,

НПО в

по

), в .

усств

Эту

начать

Tacis всего

. .

семинара

ис ,

между выработка регионов форум

поручить - создать управления развития

, кроме можно проект которого

действий РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ

, (

академий Петербурге

инновационной

.- содержанию проектами тернет

ходе С целью предложений по Плана сотрудничеству в возможна проведения деятельности Следует Академиям для прочего формирование северных работу их сети в Ин

Финляндии занимающимся сотрудничеством области деятельностью художественной можно сфере с контактов ПУТИ

НПО

азвития р вузами

северных

культуры между

учреждениями сфере регионов и культуры сотрудничества Связи ЗАДАЧА Перспективы НПО . . 2.5 22 23

132

- . может

что

, .

Он ЕС

этой Москве . форума

научно сторона с в

одном

готовность проведения следующий

в группу

себя

. Председатель г у сформировать

форумов

. продолжена

тика государств ак

Предполагается пр выразила провести форум таких будет Российская состояться 2008 небольшую исследовательскую рабочую целью в 2007 лахтинского из предложил

”.

,” по .

между ,

, для общества

по

дать

под России городе

2006 Россия

форум

механизмы Вместе - задачами

вопросам

граждан

“ -

свое определить аработки ЕС

н было “ и

перспективным

некоммерческих взаимодействия выработать состоялся

, развитию ноября

возможность и

финском по проблемам уровне

в будущее . различным приоритетные направления деятельности диалога мнение партнерства взаимодействия создать НПО выразить выработать на НПО форума новым рекомендации ЕС сотрудничества г Основными организаций форум программам сотрудничества также сотрудничества институтов гражданского по в Евросоюза названием Лахти 24 17-18

133

России - группы

МЕРЫ

ЕС

заседания

го 1-

ПРИНЯТЫЕ до совместной экспертов

, в

атташе

к ЕС

основных

России . - сталкиваются

группы

МЕРЫ стран

ЕС

трудностей

список они и

предложением

заседания работе с

обратилась

го культуре 1-

своей Председательствующая страна по

в составить вопросов которыми ПРИНЯТЫЕ до Москве

совместной экспертов

ЕС

. ./

этой

за в

в .

что не г .

РФ ,

было между

2006 г 2006 2006 г 2006 массовых послов Аветисян

по данном

пройдет Полномочный и

. 2006 . проработкой

Также форме предложить приемлемой

решение . в участие

выходить

связей что ЕС

отмечено принято

себя

декабря октября нтексте Россией том декабре принять работе для принято коммуникаций вопроса и Предложение было решение институциональным причинам сотрудничество рамки Министерству культуры о займется должно Было совещание стран Принято в Брюсселе посланник 12 РЕШЕНИЕ 12 ко

по

при

ЕС

ая

РФ его

ьтуре

по по

и .

чтобы ьтуре по , бы Совету

кул

свои стран подготовки

рабоч

. соберутся культурных

учреждениях кул наметить

по

просьбой

ход с по

могла предложения

действий действий действий

РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ

реализации

посольствах содержанию

сотрудничеству содержанию совещание рубежом

выработать научных Атташе его Эксперты Плана сотрудничеству внесут пути Плана за на совместно Плана по и предложения по сотрудничеству предложения содержанию обсудят российских и группа обратиться Европы представить Совместная посольствах при ПУТИ

ЕС ЕС в

жду жду

стран ме ме

ЕС

культуре культуре

опы участники по по

Евр

странах московском посольствах посольствах

в и

сольства

вет российском представительстве ЕС представительстве Взаимодействие и РФ при при атташе атташе Взаимодействие ЗАДАЧА Со По Прочие 26 2.7. 2.7. 2.6. 2.6. 25 27

134

ЕС

на

Форума

который 27-29 27-29 . , г стран

специального

Твери для согласие

2007 в

форума

организаторов

рамках семинара проведение пройдет сентября получено От

было

принято Предложение

. , в г

сам каким

в форума стран а ,

. форум

г Форум комиссии

и . .

котором

Российско форуме

совещание того

могл

форума

специальный в участники сотрудничества Евро совместное

27-29 27-29

). на

рамках состоится 2007 ознакомиться реализация ,

, РФ и В действий способствовать Конвенции

посетить представлена После

. работой

(

следует

оится заинтересованных пригласить сотрудничеству предмет следующий

накопленный РФ культурном участии его модели

сост с форум Твери могут непосредственно разнообразии образом Плана будет концепция и опыт семинара на по может достижению целей который о провести экспертное ЮНЕСКО семинар на состоится организовать в и ЕС финляндском культурном Финляндия бы представителей сентября Тверь

по

к .

по

включить

ществующие форума положений и

и ЮНЕСКО вступит ,

су действий

Российско

РФ Евросоюза необходимо

накопленный и , сформулировать

, План проектов

культурном силу рамках которые сотрудничеству разнообразии реализации Конвенции их Конвенция ряд в Опыт в финляндского культурного присоединятся Конвенции Когда о страны будет Не 3. 3. 29 28

135

России - группы

МЕРЫ

ЕС

заседания

го 1- ПРИНЯТЫЕ до совместной экспертов

России - группы

МЕРЫ

ЕС

заседания

го 1- ПРИНЯТЫЕ до совместной экспертов . ./ 2006 г 2006 2006 г 2006 декабря октября

12 РЕШЕНИЕ 12

над

ЕС по

форм

опыта Россия

обсудить -

форум области изучению искусств

низовать образом

ЕС в подумать и

по

предложить орга семинара странами интегрировать также действий РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ

использования каким

, ходе Россией ловении

Можно сотрудничеству Можно контексте тем Плане двустороннего сотрудничества накопленного пути С

можно Славянский В можно ПУТИ семинар существующих сотрудничества между и культуры

”

ЕС

”.

по

формы

. и культур

Форума

рамках также отражение Сезоны культур

в )

поддержку

традиции соседства

намерена , “

своего

. -

г действий

славянских

мя найти

вре Франции Нового

Плане в 2008 например и “ других государств развивать Словения оказывать деятельности славянских сотрудничеству в - председательства Многочисленные существующие двустороннего ( могут многостороннего сотрудничества ЗАДАЧА Во национальных во 30 31

136

ей

DG DG

. по

на

и им

. по

орган

)

запросом туризма

рабоч ЕС

ЕК

мотреть

различных

каким стран мнение культурного культуры в

органов

этот также актуальность направления совместных действий

проектов рекомендуется содействовать обратиться расс

действий

Ге н е р а л ьн ы й бы предложив

сотрудничеству сохранению ,

разработке Плане главам Можно Можно уровне Совместной проектов экспорта данного Плана в сотрудничеству сотрудничества мог областях Россией оценить возможность образом реализации письменным ЕС группе предпринимательской деятельности относительно включения культурного в по Следует поинтересоваться ENT, у DG к по культурного наследия выяснить ENT ( ENT директорат сотрудничества

, .

формы по бы рамках

ценность ризм

городами

ту иоритетных

нкретных

проектов

сохранения могла пр ко

партнерств

стать сферы

из из действий действий управления

сотрудничества

разработка

возможная

сотрудничеству

льтурный области российскими представляющими историческую плана стать выполняемых частных государственно культурного задач в наследия как составляющая Плана сотрудничеству поддержка направлений Плана по должна Ку Одной Одним Основные 32 34 33 4.

137

России - группы

МЕРЫ

ЕС

заседания

го 1- ПРИНЯТЫЕ до совместной экспертов

России - группы

МЕРЫ

ЕС

заседания

го 1- ПРИНЯТЫЕ до совместной экспертов . ./ 2006 г 2006 2006 г 2006 декабря октября

12 РЕШЕНИЕ 12

РФ

и в

и РФ

иных ,

бходимо

культуре могут

, и массовых насколько

по , рамках нео ЕС и

. определить в

культуры РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ терству существующие

повышения программы

кинематографии Федеральному реализации ЕС программ следует пути мобильности состава студенческого преподавательского программ национальных российских Комиссии и и агентству межсекторных проектов использоваться в Минис Еврокомиссии коммуникаций образования

культуры прояснить гибко в сфере ПУТИ

не

на

”

между ЕС

сферы где бы

студентов

программу

”, программ участие сфере

. Эразм допускающих дизайна в учреждениями стран ,

, вузов ”, “

и культуры

Существующих азвития делался необходимо

р .

примеру Леонардо

РФ преподавательского Сократ и “ “ обучение упор по разработать искусств СМИ Для программ ограниченное российское и искусств достаточно сферы вузами культуры сотрудничества Повышение мобильности ЗАДАЧА состава и 36 35

138

. что сфере ,

INFSO. в C C

INFSO ГД

EA ГД требуют

решение

что отмечено , предложение

институтам

том о Принято поддержки Было мероприятия аудиовизуальных искусств

по кинематографии

свое направит

в и

ЕС

, по

в в

можно в

в лиц .

. готов

Го с к и н о

первую и тречи

организаций институтов

сфере

необходимости вс

уместными определения кинематографии

. действий

ЕС

определить

кинематографии

России

соответствующих

ду ляндии и содержанию

ходе выработки

и предложений по Плана сотрудничеству данной сфере целью потребностей сотрудничестве встречу совместную кинематографии стран ЕС сетевых Сотрудничество меж провести будет круг должностных Фонд Фин случае России организациями В ,

это

уделить барьеры

интересам

вопросам

нашим пиратством . преодолеть

прав с

действий

азработке р утверждает сотрудничества

сотрудничеству и

области Борьба Пр ибо экономическую приоритетность культуры обоюдным отвечает Развитие сотрудничества в аудиовизуальных искусств по необходимо Плана первоочередное внимание защиты интеллектуальной возможные собственности для поможет 39 38 37

139

России - группы

МЕРЫ

ЕС

заседания

го 1- ПРИНЯТЫЕ до совместной экспертов

России - группы

МЕРЫ

ЕС

заседания

го 1-

ПРИНЯТЫЕ до совместной экспертов

. ./

на

2006 г 2006 Г уже 2006 г 2006 совещании конкретные

занимается

сообщила

Пинкарильо декабря октября

следующем предложения подготовкой соответствующих мероприятий представит 12 РЕШЕНИЕ 12 активно Как представитель Португалии жа Португалия

. в

по по в с

емя

. . действий ЕС

бходимо

вр - насколько

русского встречи образом

какие ,

можно , нео

молодежи культурного задачи

председатель

возможности

культуры редложить

Плана представить п

действий действий как РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ и

соображения ,

реализации

подготовке сотрудничеству

ссии настоящее том программах Португалия

сотрудничеству Плане пропаганды языка Комиссии наилучшим отразить Можно о свои В Ро

выясняется прояснить ПУТИ Плана проведении по сотрудничеству по будущий - заинтересована рамках имеются в для проектов сотрудничества участием

с в

. ”

по между должно

русского ементов Россией

и эл молодежи

ЕС измерение культуры

из ЕС действий е и

сотрудничество

Россией и

Южно Одним участием странах Плана сотрудничеству между стать языка сотрудничестве ЕС Пропаганда ЗАДАЧА 41 40 42 “

140 Appendix 4: List of Participants and Guests of the EU-Russia Kajaani Expert Meeting

Aalto Sirpa Ministry of Education Finland Ala-Kapee Pirjo Finnish Working Group for Forum Finland Aulake Kimmo Ministry of Education Finland Andreyev Mihail Russian Working Group for Forum Russia Athanassoulis Dimitrios Ministry of Culture Greece Avetisyan Andrei Russian Mission to the European Communities Russia Barinov Alexey Embassy of the Russian Federation in Helsinki Russia Beywl Bettina Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany in Moscow Germany Bijlsma Alfred Embassy of the Netherlands in Moscow the Netherlands Bobrova Nadezhda Russian Working Group for Forum Russia Bodea Dorina Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs Romania Bogush Vladimir Russian Working Group for Forum Russia Brix Emil Federal Ministry for Foreign Affairs Austria Brun Galina Russian Working Group for Forum Russia Burin des Roziers Laurent Ministry of Foreign Affairs France Cassiers Nathalie Embassy of Belgium in Finland Belgium Carroll Sean Matthew European Commission Delegation to Russia Coxen Alexandra The English Heritage Head Ofﬁ ce the United Kingdom Danailova Deiana Ministry of Culture Bulgaria Dapšiene Daiva Ministry of Culture Lithuania Dockendorf Guy Ministry of Culture Luxembourg Doussineau Clara Ministry of Culture France Dyer Anthony Department for Culture, Media and Sport the United Kingdom Edgren Helena Baltic Sea States’ Council Ekqvist Pia Ministry of Education Finland Gouveia Margarida Embassy of Portugal in Moscow Portugal Grachev Andrey Embassy of the Russian Federation in Helsinki Russia Green David European Union National Institutes for Culture (EUNIC) Gubina Irina Russian Working Group for Forum Russia Haapanen Outi Centre for International Mobility (Cimo) Finland Hannus Merja Finnish Working Group for Forum Finland Hanse Pascal Embassy of France in Finland France Heino Timo Ministry for Foreign Affairs Finland Heinämaa Riitta Nordic Council of Ministers Henriksson Maimo Ministry for Foreign Affairs Finland Hitka Branislav Ministry of Foreign Affairs the Slovac Republic Horev Mihail Ministry of Foreign Affairs Russia Huovio Ilkka University of Art and Design Finland Järv Madis Ministry of Culture Estonia Kaikkonen Vesa Town Council of Kajaani Finland

141 Kaivosoja Riitta Ministry of Education Finland Kangilaski Jaak University of Tartu Estonia Kania Krzysztof European Comission Kankala Erja Ministry of Education Finland Kazantsev Sergey Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications Russia Kemppainen Hannu S. Town Government of Kajaani Finland Kemppinen Petri Finnish Film Foundation Finland Kennedy James British Council the United Kingdom Kezbere Maira Embassy of the Republic of Latvia in Moscow Latvia Kiss Ilona Embassy of Hungary in Moscow Hungary Koivunen Hannele Ministry of Education Finland Kopilevic Dina Ministry of Foreign Affairs Lithuania Krieger Carlo Embassy of Luxembourg in Moscow Luxembourg Kronvall Kerstin Embassy of Finland in Moscow Finland Kvietkauskas Rolandas Baltic Sea States’ Council Lahtein Kristen Ministry of Foreign Affairs Estonia Laine Kari Arts Council of Lapland Finland Lallukka Seppo Finnish Institute of Russian and East European Studies Finland Lalu-Toivio Helena Ministry of Education Finland Lazaruk Sergey Federal Agency for Culture and Cinematography Russia Lehtomäki Paula Ministry for Foreign Affairs Finland Leivo Kairi Embassy of Estonia in Finland Estonia Lielpeters Uldis Ministry of Culture Latvia Liimatainen Heikki Ministry of Education Finland Lipsanen Mikko Ministry of Education Finland Lummepuro Maija Ministry of Education Finland Mayarovskaya Galina Federal Agency for Culture and Cinematography Russia Mera-Cabello Juana European Commission Delegation to Russia Mizerová Jaromíra Ministry of Culture the Czech Republic Mustakallio Emilia Ministry of Education Finland MzykovaAlice Ministry of Foreign Affairs the Czech Republic Mäki Anastasija Ministry of Education Finland Ohnemüller Matthias Federal Government Commissioner for Culture and the Media Germany Ojakoski Markus Ministry of Education Finland Ojala Anneli Finnish Institute for Russian and East European Studies Finland Olendzki Krzysztof Ministry of Culture Poland Pankratov Vasiliy Russian Working Group for Forum Russia Pap Eva Hungarian Culture and Scientiﬁ c Center in Helsinki Hungary Pawlikowska Iwona Ministry of Culture and National Heritage Poland Pecan Tjasa Embassy of the Republic of Slovenia in Moscow Slovenia Penny John European Commission Petrichenko Konstantin President Administration Russia Pokka Hannele Finnish Working Group for Forum Finland

142 Policar Joze Ministry of Foreign Affairs Slovenia Polyanskiy Dmitry Ministry of Foreign Affairs Russia Popp Adriana Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs Romania PozdnyakovIvan Príhoda Zdenek Ministry of Culture the Czech Republic Purhonen Paula National Boards of Antiquities Finland Päkkilä Anne Ministry of Education Finland Rajcoková Zuzana Ministry of Culture the Slovac Republic Ratsko Valentina Russian Working Group for Forum Russia Rodriguez Martel Tenesor Embassy of Spain in Moscow Spain Rohde Andrea Permanent Secretariat of the Conference of Ministers of Cultural Affairs of German Federal States Germany Rumyantsev Aleksander Embassy of the Russian Federation in Helsinki Russia Saarela Olli Finnish Working Group for Forum Finland Salmi Eija University of Art and Design Finland Scacco Gianpaolo European Commission Schnelle Rolf-Dieter Ministry for Foreign Affairs Germany Schultz Mikael Ministry of Education Sweden Shubin Yuri Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications Russia Simova Nina Ministry for Foreign Affairs Bulgaria Siuruainen Eino Finnish Working Group for Forum Finland Sokolov Aleksandr Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications Russia Stanina Svetlana Ministry of Foreign Affairs Russia Syväsalmi Harri Finnish Permanent Representation to the EU Finland Šucha Vladimír European Commission Taina Anneli Finnish Working Group for Forum Finland Thérond Daniel Council of Europe Tuomikoski Paula Ministry of Education Finland Tzanakis Dimitris Ministry for Foreign Affairs Greece Vanamo Michaël Ministry of Education Finland Voetmann Per Ministry of Culture Denmark Volokitin Nikolay Russian Working Group for Forum Russia Wessman Sari Ministry of Education Finland Wölfer Klaus Federal Chancellery Austria Yershov Sergey Russian Working Group for Forum Russia Zavolokin Aleksandr Federal Agency for Culture and Cinematography Russia Zeches Barbara Ministry of Culture Luxembourg

Interpreters

Lammi Kirsi Intertext Finland Mäntyranta Heli Intertext Finland Sharoff Lena Verbum-Rossica Oy Finland Tolonen Tarja Intertext Finland Tupin Toivo Finland

143 Приложение 4: Список участников и гостей Совещания экспертов

Аалто Сирпа Министерство образования Финляндия Аветисян Андрей Представительство РФ при Европейских сообществах Россия Ала-Капее Пирьо Финляндская рабочая группа Форума Финляндия Андреев Михаил Российская рабочая группа Форума Россия Атанассоулис Димитриос Министерство культуры Греция Аулаке Киммо Министерство образования Финляндия Баринов Алексей Посольство Российской Федерации в Хельсинки Россия Бейвл Беттина Посольство Федеративной республики Германии в Москве Германия Бейлсма Альфред Посольство Нидерландов в Москве Нидерланды Боброва Надежда Российская рабочая группа Форума Россия Богуш Владимир Российская рабочая группа Форума Россия Бодеа Дорина Министерство культуры и по делам религий Румыния Брикс Эмил Федеральное министерство иностранных дел Австрия Брун Галина Российская рабочая группа Форума Россия Бюрен де Розье Лоран Министерство иностранных дел Франция Ванамо Микаэль Министерство образования Финляндия Вессман Сари Министерство образования Финляндия Волокитин Николай Российская рабочая группа Форума Россия Вольфер Клаус Федеральная канцелярия Австрия Воэтманн Пер Министерство культуры Дания Грачев Андрей Посольство Российской Федерации в Хельсинки Россия Грин Дэвид Европейский союз национальных учреждений культуры (EUNIC) Губина Ирина Российская рабочая группа Форума Россия Гувейа Маргарида Посольство Португалии в Москве Португалия Дайэр Энтони Министерство культуры, СМИ и спорта Великобритания Данаилова Деяна Министерство культуры Болгария Дапшиене Дайва Министерство культуры Литва Докендорф Ги Министерство культуры Люксембург Дуссино Клара Министерство культуры Франция Ершов Сергей Российская рабочая группа Форума Россия Заволокин Александр Федеральное агентство по культуре и кинематографии Россия Зехес Барбара Министерство культуры Люксембург Казанцев Сергей Министерство культуры и массовых коммуникаций Россия Кайвосоя Риитта Министерство образования Финляндия Кайкконен Веса Городской совет Каяни Финляндия Кангиласки Яак Тартуский университет Эстония Кания Кшиштоф Европейская Комиссия Канкала Эрья Министерство образования Финляндия Касье Натали Посольство Бельгии в Финляндии Бельгия Квиеткаускас Роландас Совет государств Балтийского моря Кезбере Майра Посольство Латвии в Москве Латвия Кемппайнен Ханну С. Администрация города Каяни Финляндия

144 Кемппинен Петри Фонд кинематографии Финляндии Финляндия Кеннеди Джеймс Британский Совет Великобритания Кисс Илона Посольство Венгрии в Москве Венгрия Койвунен Ханнеле Министерство образования Финляндия Коксен Александра Главное управление по делам культурного наследия Англии Великобритания Копилевич Дина Министерство иностранных дел Литва Кригер Карло Посольство Люксембурга в Москве Люксембург Кронвалл Керстин Посольство Финляндии в Москве Финляндия Кэррол Шон Мэттью Представительство Европейской Комиссии в России Лазарук Сергей Федеральное агентство по культуре и кинематографии Россия Лайне Кари Художественный Совет Лапландии Финляндия Лаллукка Сеппо Институт российских и восточноевропейских Исследований Финляндия Лалу-Тойвио Хелена Министерство образования Финляндия Лахтейн Кристен Министерство иностранных дел Финляндия Лейво Кайри Посольство Эстонии в Финляндии Эстония Лехтомяки Паула Министерство иностранных дел Финляндия Лиелпетерс Улдис Министерство культуры Латвия Лииматайнен Хейкки Министерство образования Финляндия Липсанен Микко Министерство образования Финляндия Луммепуро Майя Министерство образования Финляндия Маяровская Галина Федеральное агентство по культуре и кинематографии Россия Мера-Кабелло Хуана Представительство Европейской Комиссии в России Мзикова Элис Министерство иностранных дел Чехия Мизерова Яромира Министерство культуры Чехия Мустакаллио Эмилия Министерство образования Финляндия Мяки Анастасия Министерство образования Финляндия Олендзки Кшиштоф Министерство культуры Польша Онемюллер Матиас Комиссар Федерального правительства по культуре и СМИ Германия Оякоски Маркус Министерство образования Финляндия Ояла Аннели Институт российских и восточноевропейских Исследований Финляндия Павликовска Ивона Министерство культуры и национального наследия Польша Панкратов Василий Российская рабочая группа Форума Россия Пап Эва Венгерский центр культуры и науки в Хельсинки Венгрия Пекан Тьяса Посольство Республики Словения в Москве Словения Пенни Джон Европейская Комиссия Петриченко Константин Администрация президента Россия Поздняков Иван Покка Ханнеле Финляндская рабочая группа Форума Финляндия Поликар Йозе Министерство иностранных дел Словения Полянский Дмитрий Министерство иностранных дел Россия Попп Адриана Министерство культуры и по делам религий Румыния Прихода Зденек Министерство культуры Чехия Пурхонен Паула Национальный совет по культурному наследию Финляндия Пяккиля Анне Министерство образования Финляндия Райцокова Зузана Министерство культуры Словакия

145 Рацко Валентина Российская рабочая группа Форума Россия Роде Андреа федеральных земель Германии Германия Родригес Мартел Тенезор Посольство Испании в Москве Испания Румянцев Александр осольство Российской Федерации в Хельсинки Россия Саарела Олли Финляндская рабочая группа Форума Финляндия Салми Эйя Университет искусств и дизайна Финляндия Симова Нина Министерство иностранных дел Болгария Скакко Джанпаоло Европейская Комиссия Соколов Александр Министерство культуры и массовых коммуникаций Россия Станина Светлана Министерство иностранных дел Россия Сьюруайнен Эйно Финляндская рабочая группа Форума Финляндия Тайна Аннели Финляндская рабочая группа Форума Финляндия Теронд Даниэль Совет Европы Тзанакис Димитрис Министерство иностранных дел Греция Туомикоски Паула Министерство образования Финляндия Хаапанен Оути Центр международной мобильности (CIMO) Финляндия Ханзе Паскаль Посольство Франции в Финляндии Франция Ханнус Мерья Финляндская рабочая группа Форума Финляндия Хейно Тимо Министерство иностранных дел Финляндия Хейнямаа Риитта Совет министров Северных стран Финляндия Хенрикссон Маймо Министерство иностранных дел Финляндия Хитка Бранислав Министерство иностранных дел Словакия Хорев Михаил Министерство иностранных дел Россия Хуовио Илкка Университет искусств и дизайна Финляндия Шнелле Рольф-Дитер Министерство иностранных дел Германия Шубин Юрий Министерство культуры и массовых коммуникаций Россия Шульц Микаэль Министерство образования Швеция Шуха Владимир Европейская Комиссия Эдгрен Хелена Совет государств Балтийского моря Финляндия Эквист Пия Министерство образования Финляндия Ярв Мадис Министерство культуры Эстония

Переводчики Ламми Кирси Компания «Intertext» Мянтюранта Хели Компания «Intertext» Толонен Тарья Компания «Intertext» Тупин Тойво Шарофф Лена Компания «Verbum-Rossica Oy»

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