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Central Eurasia 2008 CENTRAL EURASIA 2008 Analytical ANNUAL Published since 2005 CA&CC Press® SWEDEN 2009 1 CENTRAL EURASIAFOUNDED 2008 AND PUBLISHED AnalyticalBY Annual INSTITUTE INSTITUTE O OR CENTRAL ASIAN AND STRATEGIC STUDIES O CAUCASIAN STUDIES THE CAUCASUS Registration number: 620720-0459 Registration number: M-770 State Administration for Ministry of Justice of Patents and Registration of Sweden Azerbaijan Republic PUBLISHING HOUSE CA&CC Press®. SWEDEN Registration number: 556699-5964 S c i e n t i f i c E d i t o r i a l B o a r d Eldar ISMAILOV C h a i r m a n Tel./fax: (994-12) 497 12 22 E-mail: [email protected] Murad ESENOV D e p u t y C h a i r m a n Tel./fax: (46) 920 62016 E-mail: [email protected] Jannatkhan EYVAZOV E x e c u t i v e S e c r e t a ry Tel./fax: (994-12) 499 11 73 E-mail: [email protected] Abbas MALEKI Doctor, Director General, International Institute for Caspian Studies (Iran) Ainura ELEBAEVA Doctor of Philosophy, professor, director of the Research Institute of Ethnology, International University of Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyz Republic) Ariel COHEN Doctor, leading analyst, The Heritage Foundation, U.S.A. (U.S.A.) Vitaly NAUMKIN Doctor of History, professor, Director, Center for Strategic and International Studies of RF (Russian Federation) 2 Vladimer PAPAVA Doctor of Economics, professor, Senior Fellow, Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies (Georgia), Fulbright Fellow, Central Asia-Caucasus Institute, The Nitze School-SAIS, Johns Hopkins University (U.S.) S. Neil MACFARLANE Professor, Director, Center for International Studies, The University of Oxford (Great Britain) Roger N. McDERMOTT Honorary Senior Research Fellow, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Kent at Canterbury (U.K.) Lena JONSON Doctor, Senior Fellow, Swedish Institute of International Affairs (Sweden) Timur SHAIMERGENOV Member of the Secretariat of the Kazakhstan Parliament Majilis (Republic of Kazakhstan) S. Frederick STARR Professor, Chairman, The Central Asia-Caucasus Institute, The Johns Hopkins University (U.S.A.) Bülent ARAS Doctor, Chair, Department of International Relations, Fatih University (Turkey) Xing GUANGCHENG Doctor of Political Sciences, professor, Deputy Director of the Institute for East European, Russian and Central Asian Studies, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (China) The views in the Analytical Annual do not necessarily reflect those of the Scientific Editorial Board Editorial Office: CA&CC Press AB Hubertusstigen 9. 97455 Luleå SWEDEN WEB ADDRESS: http://www.ca-c.org © Central Eurasia 2008. Analytical Annual, 2009 © CA&CC3 Press®, 2009 CENTRAL EURASIA 2008 Analytical Annual CENTRAL EURASIA 2008 Analytical Annual CONTENTS AFGHANISTAN Viktor Korgun GENERAL OVERVIEW .................................................................. 10 Viktor Korgun POLITICS ........................................................................................ 13 Ubaid Okimbekov ECONOMY ...................................................................................... 18 Taj Muhammad RELIGION ....................................................................................... 23 Makhmud Shinvari INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS ........................................................... 29 REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA Sergey Minasian GENERAL OVERVIEW ................................................................... 36 Manvel Sarkisian POLITICS ........................................................................................ 38 Haroutiun Khachatrian ECONOMY ...................................................................................... 48 Granush Kharatian RELIGION ....................................................................................... 55 Sergey Minasian INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS ........................................................... 63 AZERBAIJAN REPUBLIC Nazim Muzaffarli GENERAL OVERVIEW ................................................................. 72 Kenan Allahverdiev POLITICS ...................................................................................... 76 4 Contents Rasim Gasanov ECONOMY .................................................................................... 83 Elmir Guliev RELIGION ...................................................................................... 92 Jannatkhan Eyvazov INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS .......................................................... 100 REPUBLIC OF BELARUS Sergey Nikoliuk GENERAL OVERVIEW ................................................................ 108 Sergey Nikoliuk POLITICS ...................................................................................... 111 Alexander Sosnov ECONOMY .................................................................................... 118 Vladimir Matskevich RELIGION ...................................................................................... 125 Viacheslav Pozdniak INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS ......................................................... 130 GEORGIA Teymuraz Beridze GENERAL OVERVIEW ................................................................ 141 Gia Jorjoliani POLITICS ...................................................................................... 144 Nodar Khaduri ECONOMY .................................................................................... 151 Zaza Piralishvili RELIGION ...................................................................................... 158 Thornike Gordadze INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS ......................................................... 164 REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN Timur Shaymergenov GENERAL OVERVIEW ................................................................. 173 Sergey Konovalov POLITICS ...................................................................................... 176 Sergey Reviakin ECONOMY .................................................................................... 182 Marian Abisheva RELIGION ...................................................................................... 203 Timur Shaymergenov INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS .......................................................... 208 5 CENTRAL EURASIA 2008 Analytical Annual KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Noor Omarov GENERAL OVERVIEW ................................................................. 217 Noor Omarov POLITICS ...................................................................................... 219 Lyudmila Baum ECONOMY ................................................................................... 224 Ikbalzhan Mirsaiitov RELIGION .................................................................................... 236 Muratbek Imanaliev, Erlan Abdyldaev, Radislav Safin INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS ........................................................ 246 REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA Svetlana Pynzar GENERAL OVERVIEW ................................................................. 254 Marius Tãrîþã POLITICS .................................................................................... 256 Lyudmila Golovataya ECONOMY ................................................................................. 263 Marius Tãrîþã RELIGION .................................................................................. 277 Svetlana Pynzar INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS ........................................................ 280 REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN Jamila Majidova GENERAL OVERVIEW ................................................................. 290 Parviz Mullojanov POLITICS ..................................................................................... 292 Habib Gaibullaev ECONOMY .................................................................................... 298 Lola Khalikjanova RELIGION ................................................................................ 306 Rashid Abdullo INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS .......................................................... 312 TURKMENISTAN Azhdar Kurtov GENERAL OVERVIEW ................................................................. 324 Igor Proklov POLITICS ..................................................................................... 327 6 Contents Igor Proklov ECONOMY .................................................................................... 332 Islam Palvanov RELIGION ...................................................................................... 338 Azhdar Kurtov INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS .......................................................... 344 UKRAINE Rustem Zhanguzhin GENERAL OVERVIEW ................................................................ 351 Sergey Tolstov POLITICS ..................................................................................... 354 Tamara Panfilova ECONOMY ................................................................................... 362 Viktor Budkin RELIGION ..................................................................................... 374 Sergey Tolstov INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS .......................................................... 382 REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN Farkhad Tolipov GENERAL OVERVIEW ................................................................ 393 Nikolai Borisov POLITICS ..................................................................................... 395 Lola Sultanova, Albina Gaisina ECONOMY ................................................................................... 400 Kamoliddin Rabbimov RELIGION ..................................................................................... 412 Evgeni Abdullaev INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS .........................................................
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