VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT Republic of the Province of Barangay Pudoc West VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT REPORT

Supported by: EPIC DRR project

“Empowering the Philippine Red Cross (PRC) and their chapters, communities and government institutions to consolidate and replicate inclusive community based disaster risk reduction in seven provinces in the Philippines”

Philippine Red Cross – Ilocos Sur Chapter

November 2017

1 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT i. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This document is developed with the efforts of the Philippine Red Cross and the German Red Cross and Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), Germany through the EPIC DRR Project. The VCA Team would like to express their deepest gratitude to the Holy God for the guidance during the whole process of the Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment conducted at Barangay Pudoc West, Tagudin, Ilocos Sur.

The VCA Team would also like to have this opportunity to express their deepest gratitude to all the Community Members of Barangay Pudoc West for actively participating to all the tools especially to the Barangay Officials headed by Barangay Chairman Miguel Manzo. Their full support and time made the activity a success.

The VCA Team would also like to thank the Barangay Officials for the time and effort they have given in conducting the actual data gathering and analysis of the data, sharing their expertise, genuine guidance and endless encouragement to the people of the barangay during the VCA Process.

Moreover, the team would also like to offer sincere thanks to the Local Government unit of Tagudin, Barangay Local Government Unit of Pudoc West, for providing the team with all the necessary facilities and data which was used for the Analysis Tools.

Lastly, the VCA Team would like to extend the deepest gratitude to the Philippine Red Cross – Ilocos Sur Chapter Officer in Charge, Mr. Raymund Chan, and the whole PRC-Ilocos Sur Chapter Family, for their endless support, time and understanding to make the activity and the project always a success.

Thank you very much!

2 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT ii. GLOSSARY

BDRRMP – Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan BDRRMC - Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Committee CSOs – Civil Society Organizations GRC – German Red Cross LGU – Local Government Unit MRF – Material Recovery Facility NGO – Non-Government Organization PRC – Philippine Red Cross VCA – Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment DepEd – Department of Education DSWD – De2partment of Social Welfare and Development IRA – Internal Revenue Allotment DA – Department of Agriculture DPWH – Department of Public Works and Highways

3 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT Contents

1. INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE ...... 5 2. PLACE AND TIME OF THE VCA...... 5 3. BACKGROUND INFORMATION / COMMUNITY PROFILE...... 6 4. GENERAL CLIMATE CONDITIONS...... 9 5. GENERAL SOCIO- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE LAST 5 YEARS...... 9 6. INFRASTRUCTURES, BASIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES ...... 10 7. GOVERNANCE...... 10 8. OBJECTIVES OF THE VCA ...... 11 9. VCA PROCESS ...... 12 10. FINDINGS...... 15 11. GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS...... 25 12. ATTACHMENTS...... 26

4 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT 1. INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE

Vulnerability-Capacity Assessment (VCA) is a method of investigation into the risks that people face in their locality, their vulnerability to those risks and their capacity to cope with and recover from disasters. Its purpose is to increase community members’ awareness of risk and help them to plan activities for reducing vulnerability and increasing capacity before a disaster.

VCA is a tool that enables local priorities to be identified and leads to the design of actions that contribute to disaster reduction. Thus, VCA is an integral part (but not the only part) of disaster risk reduction that can contribute to the creation of Community-based disaster preparedness programmes. For this, VCA should result in actions that community members can undertake and lead themselves.

VCA is conducted using participatory approach, which facilitate to gather information and evaluate which can be used in decision making of the community to be able to respond or recover from disaster. This can also be used for recommendation purposes for the community to ask for assistance in small scale mitigation project for the barangay. It is expected the Government and non-government partners to use this to work together to strengthen Disaster Risk Reduction in every community.

This Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) was conducted in Barangay Pudoc West during the month of November. More than 40 people participated from the barangay. All those participants represent various groups including senior citizens, barangay officials, 4Ps, religious groups and youth and they were able to identify their risks posed by various hazards and means of mitigating those risks.

This report presents the main outputs of the Vulnerability Capacity Assessment of the community, its possible solutions through action plan.

2. PLACE AND TIME OF THE VCA Place Region 1

Province Ilocos Sur

Municipality/ City Tagudin City

Barangay Pudoc West

No. of sitios/puroks Four (4)

Date

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Data gathering: November 29-30, 2017

Report preparation: January to July 2018

3. BACKGROUND INFORMATION / COMMUNITY PROFILE

3.1 Geography and topography of the barangay Barangay Pudoc West is bounded on the east by Barangay Pudoc East; Barangay Pacac on the North; Bangar, on the South; and on the west is the China Sea. It has an area of 1.08431 sq. hectares. Almost all barangay roads are concrete except those going to interior areas. 1.019121 hectares of area in the barangay is for agriculture and 0.042241sq hectares for residential. 3.2 History of the barangay One of the southernmost barangays of Tagudin, Ilocos Sur is Barangay Pudoc. This barangay is no longer a single place but divided into 2 barangays namely: Pudoc West and Poduc East. There are two (2) versions on how two (2) barangays got their names. The first version is that the colonization period by the Spaniards was bountiful of a certain type of plant, which was known as “pedped”. This plant is a medicinal one. People during those days according to the folks, called the place as “kapedpedan” (a place where the plants were bountiful). As the years passed, the people who settled in the area started to cultivate and they destroyed these medicinal plants. From then on, the place was called “kapedpedan”. Then it was changed into “Pedpedec” and eventually some letters of the word were dropped and changed and became Pudoc until people got used to it and adopted the name. Pudoc is about four and a half kilometers from town of Tagudin. Before the place was divided into two (2) barangays, there were almost five hundred hectares with plentiful of fresh fishes because of its many branches of the River passing through and many ponds. The soil is very rich because of the yearly flow of loam soil from the mountains during rainy seasons when the Amburayan River flows. Some parts of its lands are planted with malunggay, corn, rice, sugarcane, camote, and other vegetables. The other version of how Pudoc got its name was about a great warrior during the pre- spanish period. It was known long ago that many traders came to the Philippines like the Chinese, the Malayans and other oriental people. It was known before the Spanish came to the Philippines; the Filipinos had already their own method of writing and had a form of education being handled by the parents. The early Filipinos were taught about their barangay laws and traditions. However, in their education, self-defense was very much emphasized because tribes fought and engaged in wars with other tribes. 6 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT Amis was taught to every male and other interested female in the tribe. Due to tribal conflicts, barangay leaders were selected not simply by their greatness in war but also in thinking or they should possess the quality of a reliable leader both in peace and at war. Barangay Pudoc was not yet known before as Pudoc but it was called “Guitan”. The Barangay of “Guitan” was composed of few families who came from the south. The place was located strategically. It was good place for fishing, farming, and at the same time, a nice place for hide out as it is located just north of the main flow of the Amburayan River along the China Sea. The place according to the old folks was not so small as today because the edge of the sea was about a kilometer from the present shoreline during those days. It was thickly forested that it was an ideal place to hide when enemies raised the area. Pirates frequently marauded the area that every time the enemies came, the people residing in the area simply ran to the thick forest to hide until the enemies were gone. Most of their huts were burned and their animals stolen. For many years, the place was a favorite marauding area by the pirates and other enemies. The people wanted to leave the place but they were reluctant to go to other places because they were already used to the place and its bountiful supply of fish. Fishing then was their main source of food. Farming was not very much done, although all of the people have their domestic animals. It was then decided by the old folks of the place to train their young ones to become warriors. The youths were trained to become expert bow and arrow shooters, very good in hand combat and aims. Aside from being trained to become good fighters, they were also trained to become warriors was intensified. They were also trained to be good hunters of deer, birds, and wild pigs. When the training was finished, a leader was selected to direct the male warriors once the barangay will be raided by the pirates. There were about thirty (30) young warriors led by the greatest among them. The group was further divided into three smaller groups, with each group led by selected leaders. One of these three leaders were Pud-od. He was supposed to be the over-all leader but he was too young so the old folks made him the leader of nine warriors. Pud-oc was about eighteen (18) years old then. He was strong and well built. He was the best in hand-to-hand combat as well as in the use of bow and arrow. Aside from his father, he was the best hunter and fisherman in the place. He was very much a favorite of both the young and the old. Pud-oc’s brother was selected as the overall leader of the warriors because he was older and had more experience in leading men. When there was a tribal conflict, the warriors engaged in war against their neighboring tribes. Pud-oc became famous dur to his greatness as a warrior and as a leader.

7 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT His brother was killed during a raid by three barangays of pirates. The pirates were either killed or captured when Pud-oc learned the death of his brother. He became so angry that all the captured pirates were put to death. After the incident, the old folks of the tribe decided to make Pud-oc as the overall leader of the thirty warriors. Pud-oc was very Vigilant in securing the stability of Guitan. He established his camp near the seashore. He posted sentinels along the shorelines so that no surprise attacks will be made by pirates or other tribes near the sea. His camp was located near a big lake (now a pond of about two or three hectares) which was also about fifty meters from the sea. Pud-oc kept the place very peaceful and free from tribal or pirate attack. He became very famous. The neighboring tribes entered into peace agreements with him because he had already trained a big numbers of warriors. Many of the tribes establish peaceful pacts with him- written in blood in the old Ilocano method of writing. Guitan was very popular to all the neighboring barangays. Other places would even ask help from Pud-oc when their barangays were raised by enemies. Since the place was already well-secured, most of the people from the other barangays visited the place just to see the Great Warrior, Pud-oc. As the years passed, the people coming to Guitan were asked where they were going and they answered that they were going to see Pud-oc. When the great warrior Pud-oc die due to old age, the place was called “Kimpud-oc”, which means the place where Pud-oc lived. Many years had gone by and the place had been known as “Kimpud-oc” in honor of the great leader. When the Spaniards came to the country, Kimpud-oc was changed to PUDOC, removing the hyphen. Until now, the place is still called as Pudoc with Guitan being the name of the pond where Pud-oc had established his camp. Today, Pudoc is already divided into two (2) barangays. The western being called PUDOC WEST and the other as PUDOC EAST. The barangay was divided during the administration of Mayor Jose B. Bunuan of the Municipality of Tagudin, Ilocos Sur. Boundary posts were also established between Tagudin and La Union was there had been a controversy. While the boundary posts had been erected just along the old flow of the Amburayan River, most of the lands within the boundary of Ilocos Sur (which were supposed to be part of Pudoc East and West), they were registered under the ownership of Bangar, La Union since the owners of these lands were registered to Bangar, la Union. Registrations of these properties were made during the American Regime. Sometime in 1964, Pudoc was mysteriously under epidemic. Many people died of capillariasis. Foreign doctors came to study the disease and later discovered the remedy. The Disease Research Center of the Department of Health led by Dr. Ernesto Zerrudo and Dr. Tirso Banzon

8 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT discovered the disease. Through their expertise, the spread of the disease was controlled and all the residents of the two barangays returned to reside. A public primary school was established in the place (Pudoc West) in 1930’s. For so many years, no intermediate classes were offered until the 1950’s. Today, a complete elementary and highschool is fully operational. Most of the youths are still trying to attain secondary and tertiary education. The two barangays are still short of professionals. The two barangays almost have the same number of residents. They are bounded on the north by Barangay Baritao and Pacac, on the east by Barangay Bio and on the south by Narangay Alzate and Terrero, Consigra and Maria Cristina of Bangar, La Union 3.3 Demography of the barangay

Demography Barangay Pudoc West, Tagudin, Ilocos Sur Number of Families 429 Number of Household 354 Population 1822 Male 933 Femal 429 e Number of labor force 962 Male Femal e Number of unemployed 240 Male Femal e Number of Elderly (above 60 Male Femal yrs) e Ethnicity and Religion: Most of the residents are Roman Catholic although there are some from other religious sectors such Iglesia ni Cristo and Born Again. Remarks no breakdown of male and female

4. GENERAL CLIMATE CONDITIONS 4.1 Present climate The weather is hotter and the timing of dry season and raingfall have change. 4.2 Climate 30 years ago Temperature is cooler than the present. The intensity of rainfall is lighter.

5. GENERAL SOCIO- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE LAST 5 YEARS 5.1Livelihood The major income generation of the community is mainly on farming and transportation (tricycle). As for the Agricultural, their main crops are corn, rice, peanuts and calamansi. There

9 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT are some residents who plants vegetables and other crops for selling or for own consumption. There are some fish cages along the river for the fishermen. In addition to that, there are some households that have stores as another source of income. 5.2Education There is an existing integrated school (Pudoc West Integrated School) that provides primary and secondary education for the residents of the barangay. The barangay also has Day Care Center for the younger children. 5.3Health care situation (men/ women) The community has existing infrastructures and basic facilities to provide essential services. The barangay has functional Barangay Hall that serves as a venue for assemblies and meetings. It also functions as temporary evacuation center and operation center during any disaster. The barangay Hall houses the barangay health center. It is located on the ground level. It caters health concern of the community members. Most of the roads of the barangay are concrete which makes it more convenience for service delivery. Other infrastructures include Day Care Center and Chapel and ongoing water system.

6. INFRASTRUCTURES, BASIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES

Description Number Location

Barangay Hall 1 All are located at the ground level

Barangay Health Center 1 “

Day Care Center 1 “

Chapel 1 “

School 1 “

Barangay Road 1 “

Evacuation Center 1 “

7. GOVERNANCE 1. BARANGAY OFFICIALS Name of Officials Position/Committee on: Miguel Manzano Barangay Captain Caroling Ringor Barangay Secretary

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Jeffrey Nuto Barangay Treasurer 2. BARANGAY KAGAWAD Ma. Theresa Villanueve Barangay Kagawad Arsenia Villanueva Fernando Aguilan “ Alex Gorospe “ Henry Lorena “ Vilamor Lite “ Federico Lazaga “ 3. BARANGAY PULIS TANOD Rogelio Balbin BARANGAY TANOD Benedicto Santos “ Dominador Nuto, jr “ Zenaida Lagrana “ Jose Marie Lanuza “ Remegio Monis “ Erick Tejada, Sr “ Lito Lazaga “ Artemio Lorena “ Regie Lafuerte 4.BARANGAY NUTRITION SCHOLAR Marivic Lacasandile 5.BARANGAY HEALTH WORKER Ofelia Delos Santos Rosie Gavina Julibet Acosta Evangeline Lucero

8. OBJECTIVES OF THE VCA

8.1 Primary objectives The purpose of this assessment is to identify and address the objectives of Disaster Risk Reduction Management promoting a Disaster Resilient Community by increasing Disaster Risk awareness within the communities of Tagudin, Ilocos Sur. The purpose is to increase community members’ awareness of risk and help them to plan activities for reducing vulnerability and increasing capacity before a disaster or to cope with or recover from disaster

8.2 Specific objectives

11 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT The specific objectives of this activity are that at the end of the VCA activity: 1. To identify the different capacities of the communities and subject to improved, hazards and risk factors identified for them to minimize, mitigate or prevent 2. The disaster risk awareness of the community in Barangay Pudoc West is increased and able to aware of the health problems that may arise during disaster 3. To clearly define the roles and responsibilities of communities to prepare for, managing and respond to disasters by establishing BDRRM Committee/Council and formulating BDRRM Plan 4. The partnership between and among the LGUs, CSOs and PRC is strengthened 5. To enhance the level of awareness of the residents about the experiencing risk and challenges brought about different hazards, obstacles, needs and issues in the community. 6. To come up with the inclusive study of the community situation. 7. To help the residents produce a better development plan.

9. VCA PROCESS

9.1 Methodology The following steps were followed in the implementation of the actual Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment in the Barangay:

Different tools and method were used in specific activities following the 5 steps (for further detail on the tools used please refer to Annex). Below table summarizes the whole process Stages in the VCA Activities Tools used process Preparatory Stage  Community visits to understand To generate support the context for planning - Focus Groups and  Review of secondary data - Direct Observation commitment from  Conduct of stakeholders’ community meeting stakeholders for the  Conduct of meetings within the VCA process, and to Philippine Red Cross (PRC) prepare the work plan. chapters Data Gathering  Community meetings and To collect needed workshops - Historical Timeline information from the  Collection of secondary data - Hazard, Risk and community and from the local government unit Capacity Mapping secondary sources for (LGU) and government offices - Seasonal Calendar VCA analysis. such as the Philippines - Focus Groups

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 Atmospheric, Geophysical, - Interviews Astronomical Services, - Transect Walk Administration (PAGASA), - Direct Observation Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PhiVolcs) and Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) Data Analysis Community meetings for - Hazard, Risk, To interpret the data presentation and validation Vulnerability, Capacity gathered to come up Assessment (HRVCA) with conclusions Matrix pertaining to the - Focus Groups vulnerability and - Pair-Wise Ranking capacity of the - Risk Matrix community. - Problem Tree Analysis Planning Meetings of the Barangay Disaster . To translate the findings Risk Reduction and Management - Pair-Wise Ranking of the VCA into Committee (BDRRMC) and - Problem Tree Analysis actionable plans of the community representatives - Objective Tree Analysis community to reduce - Venn Diagram their risks and - Prescribed BDRRM vulnerabilities. Plan Template Report Writing  PRC chapter meetings - VCA Report Template To generate a  Writing comprehensive documentation of the VCA process for submission to stakeholders. With the cooperation from the Barangay Pudoc West Officials and participation of the community residents, the Philippine Red Cross in cooperation with German Red Cross (GRC) and German Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) through its Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction Management (DRRM) Project entitled “Empowering the Philippine Red Cross (PRC) and their chapters, communities and government Institutions to consolidate and replicate inclusive community based disaster risk reduction in five provinces in the Philippines” the following steps were conducted in the implementation of the actual Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment in the Barangay from November 29-30, 2017.. a) Coordination to the Local Government Unit of Tagudin, Ilocos Sur on November, 2017. b) Coordination and meeting to the Barangay Officials on November 2017. c) Actual field data gathering using different tools on November 29, 2017. d) Validation from the field on November 30, 2017.

13 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT e) Presentation of the findings and planning to the community on March, 2018.

9.2 VCA Team composition

Sl. No Name Designation Responsibility in VCA assessment 1. Jeffrey Pamani Project Staff Facilitator

2. Rose Ann Fabila Project Staff Facilitator

3. Marivic Amistad Project Staff Facilitator

4. Reynart Reyes Project Staff Facilitator

5. Haydee Oliveros Project Staff Facilitator

6. Jerica Canosa Project Staff Facilitator

7. Jay Ann Cato Project Staff Facilitator

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10. FINDINGS

10.1 HAZARD and CAPACITY PROFILE o Natural and environmental (types of hazards/ranking of disasters as per damages/losses incurred, time of occurrence, duration, frequency) TYPHOON  There is a warning system but it cannot be heard all throughout the barangay. FLOOD/ STORM SURGE  Unfinished dike along the river cannot accommodate the large amount of flood waters raging from the river. It causes damages to crops and properties.  No seawall present at alon the sea. There are only presence of bakawan to prevent storm damaging force of storm surge or strong waves from the sea.  Insufficient drainage system because the barangay is surrounded bu rivers and sea. The only way of entering the barangay is crossing the died up river connecting to barangay Sawat.  The barangay is considered as catch basin because the water from the rivers and nearby barangays are flowing to the area. Since the barangay is surrounded by bodies of water, the flood water accommulates within the barangay.  Limited equipment to render service and response to the residents on need.

o Livelihood TYPHOON/ FLOOD  Unharvest Crops during typhoon because of the intensified typhoon.  No evacuation center for animals nad livestocks.

o Self-protection TYPHOON/ FLOOD/ FIRE  Several houses are made of light materials  Lack of prepareation by the community members because of misunderstanding of some warning informations.  Lack of awareness and sometimes the residents disregard the warnings given by the local authorities and barangay officials. o Well-being TYPHOON/FLOOD  Arise of diseases (colds, fever, dengueect.)  Arise of skin diseases (fungi, allergies eact.)

Historical Timeline (example)

Year Event/Calamities Effect/Damages and Responding Results / Lesson Learnt losses to human life, Activities- 15 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT

property, economy, Organization environment

1915 Construction of  DepEd Improvement and Pudoc Elementary  LGU development of barangay The children were School; 1st school  Brgy taught how to read in Pudoc Officials, and wright  Barangay Residents 1960- Aries of  people became  LGU people had hard time 1970 Capillariasis afraid of the  Barangay coping with the Disease barangay Concils, occurrence of Capillarisis  most of the  Foreign residents organizatio migrated to other ns places  it affected their livelihood  70% of the population died 1971 Discovered the  The affected Foreign Health People in the community cure for residents were organization became calm Capillariasis treated  The residents returned to the barangay 1980 Pudoc was divided Each barangay has  Barangay The barangay is into two separate barangay council progressing barangays Pudoc captain  LGU West and Pudoc East 1985 Construction of It served as session  LGU Additional venue to store barangay hall hall and venue for  Barangay equipment and evacuation gatherings Officials center 1990  Construction  Venue for  DSWD  It will secure and of Day Care education to  LGU develop the child Center cater the needs of the younger children

 Easy accessibility  Started to go to other  LGU  Faster and comfortable building the community  Mayor’s travel. road with Office concrete  Provincial 16 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT

Governmen t  Community  Cracks on the ground  Earthquake alarmed  LGU and some structures

 Barangay officials 1995- Renovation of Day It improved the  DSWD Improvement and 1996 Care Center venue for learning of  LGU development the young child 1997 Renovation of Improvement and  LGU Safer and comfortable Pudoc Elementary development  DepEd room for the students School  Barangay Council 2001  Typhoon Perya  Caused flooding  DSWD  Preraredness to most of the  LGU areas within the  Brgy barangay Council  some trees were  Dept. of uprooted Agriculture  Renovation of  more conducive Barangay Hall venue for  Additional evacuation barangay  Brgy. Concil area sessions  Provincial Governmen  Renovation of  more accessible t Barangay heath care facility Health Center  Free checkup and accessible to medicine  Brgy. Concil  Provincial Governmen t 2006 The school accessible DepEd For better development of became Pudoc educational facility the children West Integrated for the children School 2012 Fire incident The community  BFP Preparedness and safety people were alarmed  DSWD for the people 2014 Acquired sound Backup power  IRA Available power source in system and resources  Brgy case of electrical problem generator Council 2015  Storm surge  Rice fields were  Department  Disturbed the destroyed of livelihood of the 17 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT

Agriculture residents

 Typhoon  Flooding, soil  Brgy.  Preparedness Lando erosion, and Council destroyed rice  DSWD fields  DA  LGU 2016  Construction  Additional  LGU  More accessible are for of Barangay recreational  Provincial recreational activities Plaza facility Governmen and gatherings t  Brgy  Prayers  Typhoon Lawin  Destroyed rice Officials fields, calamansi, and banana  death of livestock  LGU  damaged dike  DSWD and houses  RHU 2016- Construction of It serves as flood  DPWH Improvement of the 2017 Dike control  LGU barangay

A. Capacity

11.1 Existing capacities and coping mechanism of communities to prepare for, respond to, and recover from disaster impact o Natural and environmental FLOOF/TYPHOON  Presence of unfinished dike is still ocncidered as capacity because it can still block flood waters from the river.  Presence of water gauge that serves as warning device and constantly monitored by the barangay officials and Tanod.  Availability of some equipment (two way radio, early warning device) to promote information dissemination of copordinations. o Livelihood  Department of Agriculture, Rural Health Unit, and Department of Health are the organizations that provide immense support to the barangay  . The Department of Health and Rural Health Unit provide health assistance while the Department of Agriculture provides financial assistance for different projects of the barangay. The DSWD provides different social services and gives relief goods during disaster. o Self-protection

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 Residents that are hardworking and practicing proper waste segregation are also considered as they capacity  Provincial office, PNP, and LGU are placed in the medium circle that represent they had a moderate impact to the community giving financial support for the construction of the project to barangay also give peace and order of the community o Social protection STORM SURGE/FLOOD/SOIL EROSION  Planting “kandaruma”  BFP and DPWH support the barangay through construction of roads and infrastructures. The BFP responds to any fire incident in the barangay and provides lecture on fire prevention measures  Information dissemination to community members.  The presence of infrastructures such as the Barangay Health Center, Barangay Hall, Day Care Center, and Barangay Plaza are identified as common capacities for all the identified hazards. o Governance TYPHOON/FLOOD/SOIL EROSION/FIRE  Bayanihan System  Strong support from LGU

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10.2 HAZARD-RISK-VULNERABILITY-CAPACITY MATRIX

Hazard Risks Elements at Risk Component Vulnerability Capacity

TYPHOON  Damage to crops  Crops (corn, rice,  Livelihood  Unharvest Crops  Planting calamasi, during typhoon “kandaruma peanuts, vegetables, and fruits

 Roofs of houses

 Damage to properties  No warning system  Self-protection  No preparation  Bayanihan System  Lack of awareness  Strong support  Several houses are from LGU made of light  Information materials dissemination to  Animals (cow, community goat and members chicken)

 Loss of livestock  No evacuation center for animals  Bayanihan System

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 Livelihood

FLOOD  Loss of livestock  Goat, chicken  Livelihood  No evacuation center  Presence of dike and fishes for animals  Presence of water  Unfinished dike gauge  Lack of sea wall  Availability of  Insufficient drainage some equipment system (two way radio,  Catch Basin early warning  Limited equipment device)  Information dissemination to community members STORM  Damage to Crops  Rice, kamas,  Livelihood  Lack of sea wall  Bayanihan System SURGE corn, vegetables  Strong support from LGU

SOIL  Damage to Crops  Corn, kalamansi,  Livelihood  Unfinished dike  Bayanihan System EROSION trees and  Insufficient drainage  bamboo system  Strong support  Catch Basin from LGU  Limited equipment

FIRE  Damage to  Houses and  Self-protection  Lack of awareness  Availability of properties appliances some equipment (two way radio, early warning device)

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10.3 HAZARD PRIORITATION

Pair wise ranking . The community members have the opportunity to voice out their own judgment in identify the priority hazard. The VCA Team explained the process of the analysis tool and was understood byb the participants. The hazards that were compared are typhoon, flood, storm surge, fire and soil erosion.

The result of the comparisons is as follows:  Typhoon acquired the most points (16 points) among the other hazards in terms of severity, area affected, impact to people and frequency.  Flood came to second because the community agreed that flood is brought by typhoon. It greatly affects the community.  Storm surge is identified as rank 3 among the hazards. It occurs more frequently and affects the community more than fire and soil erosion.  Soil erosion occurs and affects the community more than the fire. It mainly damages their crops especially those along the river. Fire is identified as the least hazard that affects the barangay. It is very unlikely to occur although the damage maybe severe for a household and can be prevented.

Risk Matrix HAZARD: Typhoon LEAST MINOR MODERATE SEVERE CRITICAL CERTAIN HIGH LIKELY Damage to Damage to crops properties LIKELY POSSIBLE loss of livestock UNLIKELY

The identified main hazard based on the Pair Wise Ranking is the typhoon. This will allow the community members to identify the main risk caused by typhoon that greatly affects their community. The tool was explained to the community members. Identification of the risk will be based on the frequency and the potential impact to the community.

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According to the HRVC matrix, typhoon has 3 identified risks which are (1) damage to properties, (2) loss of livestock, and (3) damage to properties. Damage to properties was identified as critical risk because it is possible to occur and the impact to the community is severe. Damage to crops is identified as high risk because it is possible to occur and the damage or impact to the community is moderate. Lastly, loss of livestock is identified as low risk because it is likely to occur and the damaging effect is minor. The tool clearly states that the major risk for typhoon is damage to properties. 10.4 PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF PRIORITIZED HAZARD A. Problem tree

The result from the Pair Wise and Risk Ranking, the community focused on damage to properties due to typhoon.

The community identified 2 reasons that cause damage to properties which are (1) lack of preparation and (2) some community members do not believe to the warnings. According to the community members, they perceived that most of the community people lack the initiative to prepare. They tend to neglect preparation because they think there are more important things to do or rather they don’t believe the warning that is being issued by the authorities and that they lack functioning warning device. With regards to the warnings being issued, the community members tend to ignore or rather they do not believe the information because they do not understand the warning system. The community people identified several possible consequences if there is damage to properties due to typhoon. There could be financial problems since the rebuild or repair of the damages could be costly. Most people will be stressed and get sick. The people will resort to money lending and eventually commit crimes. .

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This tool pictures the community’s available capacities and what they want to achieve. The goal in the Objective Tree is identified by the community members.

The main objective is to minimize/ avoid damage to properties due to typhoon. They determined few activities and capacities to meet the desired goal including seminars and training regarding Disaster Preparedness by requesting to concerned agency. Another is to reinforce the use of the information bulletin that already exists in the community. Lastly is encouragement of the community to participate during barangay assemblies.

The community have identified positive consequences if damage to properties are lessen. There will be lesser expenses and decrease problems. This will lead to peaceful mind and eventually the barangay will be progressive.

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11. GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS o FLOOD . Create safe houses for livestocks in a safe area or location. . Continuation of the dike . Strengthen support form the LGU in providing different services. . Creation of weather bulletin board. . Acquisition of additional equipment o TYPHOON . Planting kandaruma near the sea . Reinforce bayanihan system within the barangay. . Use variety of crops that are resistant to large amount of water. . Strengthen warning system and additional warning device. . Encourage preaparation of community members. . Additional evacuation house for livestocks o Storm Surge . Continuation of dike . Additional kandaruma to be planted near the sea o SOIL EROSION . Continuation of the dike . Additional equipment . Encourage the community members to refrain planting or farming near areas that are prone to soil erosion. o FIRE . increase awareness thru drills and fire prevention campaigns.CHALLENGES LESSONS LEARNED AND BEST PRACTICES  CHALLENGES o The VCA team have difficulty reaching the barangay due to the distance and the pathways of some roads have eroded. o It is a challenge to gain the participation of the community members and retain their attention. o The level of understanding of the participants on the tools.  LESSONS LEARNED o Explain the activity and the tools in simple terms and words. o Constant monitoring of the participants and guiding them in doing the tools. o Verify to other members of the VCA Team if there are confusion with other data.  BEST PRACTICES o The good partnership with the LGU made the activity more convenient. They allowed us to use their vehicle.

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o The community members show willingness to learn and very welcoming to the VCA team. o The acceptance of the community members strengthen the partnership between the PRC and the community.

12.ATTACHMENTS

VCA TOOLS

Spot Map and Hazard map

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Transect walk Seasonal calendar

Venn diagram

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Pair wise ranking

Risk Matrix

HRVC Matrix

Risr Matrix

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Problem tree analysis Objective tree analysis

Barangay Pudoc West – November 29-30, 2017

VCA at Barangay Pallogan, the community participants during the data gathering

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Presentation of the VCA tools made by the Presentation of the HRVC Matrix community members during the triangulation

Active participation of the community With the community participants of members during the data analysis Barangay Pallogan

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