Vol.18 No. 1 january- december 2018

The Official Publication of the Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources-Cordillera Administrative Region

RegionalApayao Gawad fisherfolk Saka Search wins

1 January-December 2018 The Official Publication of Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources-Cordillera Administrative Region Vol. 18 No. 1 | January - December 2018

editorial board 4 5 Editorial Consultants IN PROMOTING PROPER BFAR BURNS SURRENDERED FISH HANDLING, FISHERFOLK ELECTRO-FISHING MILAGROS C. MORALES, DrFT, CESE MARKET ACCESS FISH GADGETS, AWARDS Regional Director LANDING CENTER FISHING GEARS IN ESTABLISHED IN EXCHANGE LOIS JUNE B. FERMIN OIC-FTFCD PINO M. WAKIT FMRED Chief JESUS M. ASTRERO OIC-FPSSD 6 8 ARNOLD L. PALENG OIC-PMES IN PROMOTING CARMELITA B. BOLLA FISHERFOLK WINS FISHERY PRODUCTS, OIC-Admin & Finance REGIONAL GAWAD BFAR JOINS TIENDA PRESCILA M. MARAMBA SAKA SEARCH SA CORDILLERA OIC-FPHMS

PROVINCIAL FISHERY OFFICERS

JANET S. DAGUIO | Abra 9 10 MEYNARD V. DOMINGO | Apayao LORENCE B. OGNASI | EASTER SUNDAY: A 3 PROVINCIAL FISHERY EUMIC C. CULIMAY | HARVEST FEAST FOR THE OFFICES IN CORDILLERA JOYCE M. DUCYOGEN | MAENG TRIBE IN TUBO NOW OPERATIONAL MARTHA B. ESTIMA | Mt. Province

LOIS JUNE B. FERMIN Editor-in-Chief 11 12 RODELYN Q. FORONDA BFAR EXPANDS OPLAN SAGIP Managing Editor and Layout Artist TOLENTINO SITS AS LUDONG PROJECT (OSLP) MANGINGISDANG IN ABRA, APAYAO; 30 RIVER SARAH JEAN L. BIYANG DIREKTOR WARDENS DEPUTIZED HECTOR M. DE GUZMAN NG CORDILLERA DENNIS F. DE VERA RODELYN Q. FORONDA KRISTINE P. LACHICA MARY P. TAULI CRISTIFAN A. TORING 14 Contributors BFAR MARKS SEPTEMBER AS 13 Cordillera Fisheries Review 2018 55TH FISH CONSERVATION January-December BFAR REGIONS 1, MONTH CAR HARMONIZE regional office Easter Road, Guisad, City 2600 CONSERVATION Telefax: (074) 445-8499 MEASURES OF GOBY (074) 443-6716 FRY (IPON) E-mail: [email protected] ASAR: A DISTINCT FISHING www.cordillerafisheries.multiply.com http://car.bfar.da.gov.ph GEAR USED IN THE Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/bfar.car.5 CORDILLERA RIVERS 16 All contents and photographs A research article published on July 18, Copyright © 2018 Department of Agriculture 2018 in the Journal of Marine Science Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Research and Oceanography. Cordillera Administrative Region

2 January-December 2018 OF RD'S VIEWPOINT

MilagroS C. Morales Regional Director

Warmest Greetings!

Another milestone has been established as we are honored to present to you another result of a collaborative effort and determination from the constituents of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR-CAR) along with supporting agencies and end-users who have contributed to the overall success of the organization for the year 2018. May this material be able to deliver you stories, knowledge, and insights that will help provide opportunities for an improved quality of living.

As we continue to revere another fruitful year to materialize this 2019, we hope for the continuous support and participation especially from the community of fisherfolks, and Local Governments Units (LGU’s) all over the region. Furthermore, let us convene for the protection and conservation of our natural resources in fulfillment of our vision. Together, let us keep it up for a prosperous Cordillera.

Matago-tago tako am-in!

3 January-December 2018 In promoting proper fish handling, fisherfolk market access fish landing center established inAbra Texts & Photos by: Cristifan A. Toring have readily available fish. The inauguration of the three million pesos worth “Aside from the facility, post-harvest equipment Community Fish Landing Center (CFLC) in , was also provided such as fish stalls and freezers to Abra marked the full operation of the facility as part of maintain sanitation and freshness of fish species the targeted intervention to spur “inclusive growth” and displayed. Director Morales then asked LGU and the alleviate poverty. fisherfolk to support the Bureau in sustaining the project. She hoped the facility will be used properly In Cordillera, the Bureau established its CFLC facility and appropriately. “We need your support to sustain in Bangued, Abra to complete the 253 units of CFLC our aim to protect the environment and the health of established nationwide. BFAR-CAR Regional Director the people”, explained RD Morales. Milagros C. Morales, said the province of Abra was selected to be the fish landing center in the region Among the LGU officials who attended the activity since this is traversed by the 6th largest river system were Municipal Mayor Dominic B. Valera, Vice Mayor in the which is the Abra River from where Allan P. Seares, and Joel B. Mailed, Punong of most of the Abrenian depend for their fishing activities. Calaba. In 2017, Abra has 602.85 MT- recorded fish production Mayor Valera was grateful for the project which will with 14.21% - sufficiency level (PSA). It also has a total provide another income generation to the residents. of 6, 956 registered fisherfolk. He also ensured that an ordinance will be passed stating that all fish caught and fish from aquaculture The establishment of CFLC aims to support the national production will be recorded at the fish landing center program on poverty reduction in the fisheries sector. prior to disposal. The project is under the Targeted Actions to Reduce Poverty and Generate Economic Transformation Further, this CFLC project aims at providing better (TARGET) program of the Bureau of Fisheries and post-harvest handling and processing systems, and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) which was launched in 2014. faster access to markets to reduce post-harvest losses and increase incomes; sharing of knowledge and RD Morales added that the province is abundant with information, to improve the quality of products and water resources where different fish species are caught increase the fisherfolk’s fair share in the value of the in rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and small water impounding products; facilitating organizational development so projects (SWIPs). These, together with fish cultured in they can effectively participate in decision-making ponds, cages and rice paddies will be traded at the processes and avail of the services that affect their landing center for wholesale buyers. welfare; enhancing sustainable fisheries management with the help of science-based monitoring of the With this, it was pointed out that the facility established condition of the fishing grounds and fish stocks. will help other provinces in CAR and nearby areas to

4 January-December 2018 BFAR burns surrendered electro-fishing gadgets, awards fishing gears in exchange Texts by: Rodelyn Q. Foronda Photos by: Sarah Jean L. Biyang

In support to the strengthened advocacy of the Bureau cage, and one 18 cubic feet chest freezer with 40 kg against all forms of illegal fishing activities in Cordillera, bangus as a start-up capital. the ceremonial burning of destructive gears was conducted at the Provincial Fishery Office in Kalinga. An oath of surrender was likewise emphasized as it This includes electrofishing devices which is considered shows fisherfolk’s willingness to join the Bureau in as one of the prohibited gears pursuant to Section 92 its fight against illegal fishing and to reduce rampant of Republic Act 10654. cases of such in Kalinga province.

The voluntary surrender of electro-fishing device The ceremonial burning was undertaken in partnership is a program introduced by BFAR-CAR from where with the Philippine National Police-Tabuk City, Local fisherfolk in possession or uses these devices are Government Unit of Tabuk City, fisherfolk group, convinced to surrender their gadgets in exchange of CENRO and other agencies. legal fishing gears. The program likewise promotes responsible use of aquatic resources. Fisherfolk surrendered the said gadgets as a result of the advocacy on the ill effects of illegal fishing “Let us establish and strengthen our partnership, since conducted by the NSAP Enumerators who frequently one of our core values is to protect the environment” meet with the fisherfolk during fish sampling at the said PO1 Jack Wassig in support to the program. Chico River. The river is one of the fishing grounds where recorded fish catch is high. The use of electrofishing gadget is said to be destructive as it kills, stuns or renders unconscious Section 92 of the Republic Act 10654 states that fishing adult or juvenile fishes and as a result fish will not be through explosives, noxious or poisonous substance or able to reproduce. electricity is punishable by law. Also, mere possession of electro fishing device constitutes a prima facie According to Sarah Jean Biyang, BFAR’s Fishing evidence that the device was used in violation of the Regulation Officer assigned in Kalinga, “during fishery law. As such, BFAR may impose administrative fines law enforcement training, we really convinced them which is equivalent to five times the value of catch or to stop the use of this prohibited gear for them not to Php 30, 000.00 whichever is higher or criminal offense be penalized.” Hence, in exchange of the surrendered with imprisonment of six months to two years plus fine gears, Kalinga PFO Joyce M. Ducyogen explained that of twice the amount of the administrative fine. these gears will be replaced with environment-friendly fishing gears such as gill nets, fish traps and cast nets. It has been noted that same activity was undertaken in Aside from this, livelihood assistance was provided to Apayao last year. the Magaogao fisherfolk composed of one-unit fish

5 January-December 2018 ApayaoRegional Gawad fisherfolk Saka Search wins Texts by: Cristifan A. Toring Photos by: Rodelyn Q. Foronda

Mr. Renier S. Bilan Sr., 54, of Barangay , Conner, he practices pond drying until the soil cracks to allow Apayao is the region’s nominee for the 2018 national toxic gas to evaporate. Also, he applies a mixture of Gawad Saka Search for outstanding fisherfolk. salt and madre de cacao to the soil with pond water for maintenance. The mixture helps prevent growth of Mang Renier is a fish farmer who became close to the pathogens that cause diseases of fish. people in his community because of his being reliant, passionate and self-driven individual in helping the He maximizes his residential lot for duck, native people in their place. In fact, because he is deeply chicken, and swine raising as another income loved by the people, he is consistently elected as generating activity. Moreover, he is also resourceful. number one Barangay Kagawad on his three terms and He utilizes water pump to bring water to his farm aside assigned as the Committee Chair on Agriculture. from a water pipe coming from a creek which is also being used by other farmers. Regardless of little education, Mang Renier pursued fish farming after attending an orientation on the At present, Mr. Bilan is an active officer of different programs and services of the Bureau of Fisheries and organizations such as the Calao-an Agrarian Reform Aquatic Resources (BFAR), Provincial Fishery Office Multi-purpose Cooperative of Conner as President, (PFO) at Tumog, Luna. He availed of the fingerlings Auditor of the Municipal Fisheries and Aquatic distributed by the office. From then on, he continued Resource Management Council (MFARMC) and the to culture fish and expanded his pond area from 400 newly elected FARMC Chair in the Province of Apayao. to 5,000 square meters. He grows tilapia and catfish in ponds and integrates tilapia in rice paddies. He also Through his success, in fish production, he was able to produces tilapia fingerlings for his use and sells some finance the educational needs of his children and was to neighbors. able to invest on more properties and appliances.

Aside from fish farming, he also grows crops, a few Despite many opportunities outside the farm, he chose livestock, and poultry. to venture in rice and corn planting and eventually in fish pond culture integrated with livestock production. From his planted plants around the ponds like He lives simply with his family. fruit trees such as citrus, and papaya and like eggplant, gabi and bell pepper, he was When the PFO distributed fingerlings in Conner, he able to discover an innovation on alternative food for assisted the Municipal Agriculture Staff (MAO) to do fish. He uses a mixture of grated coconut meat and the activity even during the monitoring of fish ponds. feeds for tilapia grow-out. Through his innovation he He was not confident during that time since he does earns more instead of spending more money in buying not have any experience in fishing practices. Indeed, feeds. Technologies adapted were generated using this pushed him to put up his own fish pond from his available resources without putting the environment at own resources. To try, in 2015, he converted his one rice risk. paddy into a fish pond.

In preparing his pond, he does not use neither organic His first crop was successful. He was able to expand his nor inorganic chemicals to control predators. Instead, fish pond proving that profit from fish production is

6 January-December 2018 three times higher than rice and corn farming. in Santiago City, and in San Mateo Provincial Fishery Office where he sourced his fingerlings for the Thereupon, Mr. Bilan attended seminars on fish succeeding cropping. farming to acquire more knowledge. He interviewed fisherfolk in tilapia producing areas like the fish cages The award was given by the Department of Agriculture in Ambuklao, Bokod, Benguet; and at Magat, Alfonso to recognize the contributions of fisherfolk for Lista, Ifugao on pond management from stocking, sustaining fisheries production. feeding, and harvesting. He also visited Malab’s Farm

His Innovation and Technologies Adopted

Mang Renier started his fish production on his own with other fish farmers from other regions and reading resources. While managing his pond, he was also given articles on fish culture. Mr. Bilan said innovations the chance to discover other ways to improve his and technologies adopted contribute in conserving management practices. Also, he adopted technologies and managing the environment at the same time from trainings he attended, from interviews he had minimizing production cost.

Preparing the Pond with Salt and Madre de Cacao Mixture

In preparing the pond, he performs sun drying until the leakage and serve as wind breakers. His family also soil cracks. This is to allow toxic gases to evaporate and helps him clean around the ponds, removing for the predators to be eradicated. Mang Renier does weeds and other unwanted plants to minimize debris not use any inorganic fertilizer or pesticide. falling into the ponds.

According to him, natural productivity depends on the nutrient exchange from the rice fish culture system Grated and application of dried duck manure as fertilizer. He Coconut also applies salt and Madre de Cacao mixture which Meat & Feeds he adopted from his benchmarking in Magat Dam, Mixture , Ifugao.

During the first crop, he confirmed that it was successful. He proved that profit from fish production Feeding tilapia with Grated Coconut Meat and is three times higher than rice and corn farming. He Feeds Mixture added that the culture period for both enterprises is the same but the profit is far different. He then decided Mang Renier feeds his stocks three times a day applying to expand his fish pond up to six units. semi-intensive feeding system. On the first month, he feeds the stocks with supplemental feeds daily. On the The mixture is applied during pond preparation and second month of culture and onwards, he feeds the monthly maintenance. Said mixture is stocks with a mixture of grated coconut meat and feeds. known as an agent for disease prevention and control such as fungal infections. Research says Madre Mang Renier discovered this technology during the de Cacao contains anti-fungal properties which helps time when he was not able to buy feeds for his stocks. prevent and treat diseases on animals like fish. Knowing the benefits coconut gives to human, he grated one coconut meat and mixed with one kilo He also planted coconut trees and other fruit trees feeds. He broadcasted the mixture to the ponds and along the dikes to prevent soil erosion, water observed the stocks consume the mixture.

According to research, coconut meat contains various nutrients which are beneficial not only for humans but for animals. Also, Mang Renier added, the technology lessens the use of commercial feeds and transportation costs considering the distance from the market and high cost of feeds. Madre de Cacao Grated Coconut Meat

7 January-December 2018 Farmer and Fisherfolk’s Month

BFAR joins to promote fishery products

Texts by & photos: Rodelyn Q. Foronda

To promote various agri-fishery products of farmers and bangus, milkfish in corn oil, tuna skin pop, crab paste, fisherfolk in the country, the Department of Agriculture tilapia flakes and more. through Secretary Emmanuel Piñol launched the TienDA Farmers and Fisherfolk Outlet at the BAPTC, La Trinidad, Aside from these, agricultural products displayed also Benguet on April 27 and 28. were durian fruit, durian candies, eggs, banana, pomelo, coffee, coffee soap and other product from the Department of Agriculture Secretart Manny Piñol said the different regions. “TienDA Farmer’s and Fisherfolk’s Outlet” is a marketing advocacy to link farmers and fisherfolk with consumers to During the opening of TienDA, Secretary Emmanuel Piñol bring down the cost of food commodities in the market. spearheaded the tuna cutting from where portions of it were prepared as sashimi and distributed for free tasting. In Cordillera, the Benguet’s TienDA features fresh Sec. Piñol said that TienDA is an advocacy to link farmers vegetables, fruits, rice, and other agricultural and fishery and fishermen with consumers to bring down the cost of products from different farms in this province and other food commodities in the market. provinces like , , Central , and like and General Santos City. BFAR-CAR, through its Fisheries Post-harvest and Marketing Section, has successfully joined the two- With the concerted efforts of other BFAR regions 1, 3, 9, day TienDA sa Cordillera which aimed to promote and and 12, various fishery products were made available and strengthen market linkages and marketing efforts of local sold at farm gate prices during said event. These include fisherfolk in the region. Magat tilapia in Magat Aquapark, Alfonso Lista, Ifugao, fresh Tuna from BFAR-3, tamban from BFAR-9 and other From this activity, a total sale of Php 127, 070.00 was processed fish products such as tuna chicharon, boneless recorded from all the fishery products that were sold.

8 January-December 2018 vv

Easter Sunday: a harvest feast for the Maeng Tribe in Tubo

Texts by & photos: Rodelyn Q. Foronda

TUBO, Abra. The Bureau witnessed the community intensive culture harvest field day conducted last Easter Sunday. system; institutionalize participatory This is an annual practice of the Maeng tribe approaches in the to celebrate bounty harvest of various fishes conduct of research caught in the river. Also to highlight the increase and extension; and of tilapia harvest in ponds and pens along Utip encourage and enhance River in Tubo as a result of the Community-based the development Participatory Action Research (CPAR) Project of enterprise and funded by the Bureau of Agricultural Research and agribusiness venture BFAR. According to Assistant Regional Director Lois through tilapia June B. Fermin, this is already an expansion to the production in the area. previous project implemented last 2013. The activity was also Generally, said CPAR aims to increase fish supply in documented by PTV4 the area and improve fish sufficiency; and improve to highlight best economic status of the local people especially practices regarding in the remote areas of the Cordillera through the protection and income generating projects. Specifically, it aims to conservation of the develop standard protocol for the management fishery resources in of grow-out culture of tilapia in the area; improve a communal body of existing culture of tilapia following the semi- water.

Personal interviews were also conducted to emphasize the significance of community participation in the conservation of the water resource.

This is a feast in the river which is a community-wide activity. Activities include swimming, fishing, roasting of fish, singing and other activities were done.

9 January-December 2018 3 provincial fishery offices in Cordillera now operational

Texts and Photos by: Rodelyn Q. Foronda

Three of the Bureau’s six Provincial Fishery Offices Further, the new office makes fishery interventions (PFOs) in the Cordillera Administration Region (CAR) more accessible in the provinces. are now in operation after the inauguration ceremonies conducted this year. These are the PFOs in Bangued, In Abra, the new PFO office in Brgy Calaba, Bangued Abra; Lamut, Ifugao; and Luna, Apayao. was inaugurated last May 18, 2018. It has an area of 600 sq. meters adjacent to the Provincial Veterinary The establishment of these new PFO offices is in Office and Office of the Provincial Agriculturist. pursuant to Republic Act 8550 or the Philippine The acquisition of the land area is bonded by a Fisheries Code of 1998, as amended by RA 10654, MOA between the Bureau and the Abra-PLGU. The which states that the Bureau shall establish regional, agreement highlights that the Bureau can use the provincial and municipal offices as may be appropriate parcel of land for 50 years or for long as it deems and necessary to carry out effectively and efficiently its necessary and useful for the implementation of various provisions. fishery activities.

According to Regional Director Milagros C. Morales, the While in Ifugao, the new office in Brgy Poblacion, establishment of these offices will bring the Bureau’s Lamut was inaugurated last May 28, 2018. services closer to fisherfolk and other stakeholders as she emphasizes that the PFO Office is a little BFAR in Meanwhile, the new office in Brgy Tumog, Luna in the province. Fisherfolk may come and visit anytime to Apayao was inaugurated last December 13, 2018. seek for any assistance they will be needing. During its inauguration, Provincial Agriculturist Prudencio Bosing encouraged the Bureau, fisherfolk The inauguration and blessing of the new BFAR and other local government units to strengthen Provincial Fishery Offices in the region aims to further coordination and partnership in flourishing more strengthen fisheries efforts that will immediately fisheries interventions in the province. The activity address fisherfolk needs. The establishment of the new was likewise attended by Vice Remy Albano, office makes fishery interventions more accessible Executive Assistant Jerome Lacambra, Private Secretary through the continuous provision of various technical Jayheart Tumbaga, fisherfolk leaders, and our partners assistance, training services and livelihood projects. in the local government.

10 January-DecemberJanuary-December 20182018 Tolentino sits as Mangingisdang Director ng Cordillera

Texts by: Rodelyn Q. Foronda Photos by: Hector M. De Guzman

Recognizing the valuable contribution and efforts of leader in his community since 2012. Currently, he sits farmers and fisherfolk in the country by highlighting as an active member of the Provincial Agrarian Reform their role as partners in poverty alleviation and food Coordinating Committee. Aside from today’s position security, the annual observance of the Farmers’ and in the FARMC, he was formerly a Provincial Fisherfolk Fisherfolk’s Month was undertaken. Representative of Abra Province.

In Cordillera, Mr. Crisante Caliboso Tolentino of San As the region’s Fisherfolk Director, his advocacy Juan, Abra was chosen as this year’s Regional Fisherfolk focuses in promoting the protection, conservation and Director (RFD). He succeeded Mr. Francisco N. Ando of management of fisheries and aquatic resources. He has Kalinga who was the RFD in 2017. been an active advocate of good aquaculture practices from where he shares among his fellow folks. “The relationship of BFAR and other stakeholders is doing great. I am hopeful that during my one- He believes that through active participation and month term, I could continuously do better to deeply full support from the Local Government Units, active strengthen the relationship among the parties”, said involvement of fisherfolk in the region as well as Tolentino during the turnover of key of responsibility. support from the Bureau, the fisheries sector can be improved and flourished in the region. Likewise, Tolentino pushes to organize and strengthen more fisherfolk organizations, activate fisherfolk Moreover, since he is an active member of the involvement in the implementation of fisheries community in terms of fish farming, he is being tapped programs, massively disseminate information of BFAR by the Bureau in many occasions to facilitate project programs and projects in the region, particularly in the implementations and to impart his learnings and enforcement of fishery laws. experiences to fellow fisherfolk.

At a young age, he has been catching fish in the river Tolentino was installed as the provincial fisherfolk until recently he diversified to aquaculture because of representative of Abra last March 2018 during the decreasing catch. Also, his family encouraged him to go Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management into aquaculture because they believe that it has the Council (FARMC) strengthening activity and election potential to open opportunities for his family and the of provincial fisherfolk representative at the BFAR community. Provincial Fishery Office in Barangay Calaba, Abra.

He is not only an active farmer, but is also an active

11 January-December 2018 BFAR expands OSLP; 30 river wardens deputized

Texts by: Mary P. Tauli & Kristine P. Lachica

The elusive ludong or the lobed river mullet has again applicable in Cordillera Region. caught the attention of scientists and authorities since the launch of the Oplan Sagip Ludong Project (OSLP) in 2010. After which, trainings for the deputation of fish wardens was Senator Loren Legarda and Congressman Rodolfo Albano conducted to include Law Enforcement and the Deputation III of the First District of Isabela supported the expansion of of River Wardens. the OSLP with a funding of twenty-seven million pesos (Php 27,000,000.00). The activity aimed to train fisherfolk and/or Indigenous People (IPs) to become river wardens/river watchers during Different studies have been conducted for the management the implementation of the Close Fishing Season of Ludong of this species, however, catch continue to decline. Also, which is observed from October 1 to November 15 of market price of the fish is very high ranging from Php each year. Topics discussed were the following: Historical 4,000.00 to Php 5,000.00 per kilo, making it the target Development of Fisheries Legislation in the Philippines; of fishermen to catch, leading to the rapid decrease in RA 10654 and its Applicable penal Provisions in the Inland population. Waters, Including Related Fishery Administrative Orders (FAOs); Briefer on BAC 247 (closed season for Ludong); The project started in River in region 2 but has now Philippine Environmental Laws and Mandate of Government expanded to the Santa-Abra river and covering Agencies in Relation to Fishery Laws; Comparative Data of regions 1 and Cordillera. Project components include socio- Fish Catch in the Abra and Apayao Rivers and Familiarization cultural, biological and environmental studies, establishment on Fishing Gears and Methods; Environmental Approach of a breeding facility, establishment of sanctuary and to Fisheries Management; Values Enhancement for provision of livelihood activities for fisherfolk. Sustainable Fisheries Management; Introduction to Oplan Sagip Ludong Project and biology of Ludong; Chainsaw The first component focuses on the socio-cultural, biological Act; Arrest and Confiscation Procedures; Filling and Hearing and environmental studies including biophysical assessment of Administrative Cases and Orientation of Administrative of selected ludong niches, larval survey of ludong and Adjudication; Filing and Prosecution of Criminal Cases; taxonomic identification of ludong and ludong-like species. and Roles, Functions and Liabilities of the Bantay-Ilog Fish The second component will focus on the establishment Warden. of breeding facility and breeding in captivity of ludong. The third component is the sanctuary establishment, Further, an actual foot patrol and simulation exercises were regulatory and livelihood. The Bureau shall recommend to performed. It was conducted at River, Cuba, local government units concerned establishment of ludong , Benguet. The participants were asked to gather sanctuaries. data on the species caught by the fisherfolk in the area. they also conducted surveillance operation and did clean-up A meeting for the status report of the OSLP was conducted drive activity in the said river. They were grouped to perform on September 11, 2018 at the Provincial Fishery Office (PFO) a short role play portraying a different scenario basing on of in Region 2. It was attended by the focal what they have learned. A total of 30 fish wardens were persons and technical working group of OSLP from Regions trained for both provinces. 1, 2 and CAR. During the meeting, each region presented updates on the implementation of the project in their Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) activities started on the respective areas. first week of October 2018. Activities during the PRA includes focus group discussions on the current problems and issues In Cordillera, the provinces of Abra and Apayao are covered being encountered. Common issues which arouses included by the project. In preparation, the Bureau conducted illegal fishing by outsiders, poaching, quarrying, insufficient orientation activities which was conducted in its BFAR PFO water supply, soil erosion and improper garbage disposal. In offices. aquaculture, issues included instances when their stocks are being poached by unknown people. With regards to capture Participants were barangay captains, fisherfolk, Municipal fishing, fishermen use different kinds of gears such as gill Agriculture Officers, representatives from the Mayor’s Office, net, spear gun, cast net, fish traps namely barekbek, screen, Sangguniang Bayan for Agriculture and staff from each bubo, asar and sakulang, ponopon, and hook and line. A Provincial Fishery Office. time-line of activities contributing to the development of the barangays were also made. The lectures included results of the National Stock Assessment Program (NSAP) in each of the two provinces, The river wardens were deployed in their own areas of NSAP landing sites, OSLP briefer and salient features of assignment starting in October until December 2018. BAC 247, and RA 8550 as amended by RA 10654 which are

12 January-December 2018 BFAR regions 1, CAR harmonize conservation measures of goby fry (ipon) Texts by & photos: Dennis F. De Vera

“We must work harmoniously to conserve our inland Division Chief of the Capture Fisheries Division in BFAR water resources particularly the goby fry” says BFAR Central Office as a resource speaker who commended CAR Regional Director Milagros C. Morales during the strong collaboration and intervention efforts in this the consultative meeting between BFAR region 1 and conservation and management activities. Cordillera which was held in Abra on October 23, 2018. Because of said undertaking, various efforts have been Commonly called as “ipon”, goby fry is an important laid down such as Fisheries Administrative Order (FAO) fishery resource that is threatened by the increasing No. 9 s. 1939 entitled “Regulations for the conservation demand and exploitation. Said to be mostly found of certain species of fish commonly called “Ipon” in the in Northern Luzon, this is a greatly valued food fish northern province of Luzon”. often exploited for fermentation and used as primary ingredient for fish pastes. Ipon are catadromous, At the local level, the Province of , for descending to sea for spawning, and then returning instance, has passed an ordinance (2004) to regulate upstream to freshwater habitats during the “ipon run the catching of goby fry to ensure their unimpeded phenomenon”. The increasing demand for this fishery passage upstream and to other tributaries for them resource through the years has fortified various capture to grow and multiply. The law included a declaration methods to increase the catch subjecting the resource of at least four days closed season, a period wherein to overfishing. catching goby is prohibited at the mouth of the river. On 2008, an ordinance was passed mandating local Taking these into consideration, the BFAR-CAR initiated municipalities within the Province to designate specific this consultation which involved stakeholders such zones for aquaculture and fishing areas including as National Government Agencies, Local Government migration and navigational lanes in any body of water Units, Academe, and the fisherfolk to obtain a within their areas of Jurisdiction. collaborative effort in dealing with the issue at hand, as the continuing decline of the “ipon” population calls for However, the poor implementation of the fishery laws more effective fisheries management and conservation remains to be a factor in the continuous decline of measures. This is a major step forward in ensuring the this important fishery resource. From this, the group sustainability of the resource. had assessed different issues such as Environmental, Social, Economic, Resource, and Governance relative The activity aimed to assess the current situation to the Goby Fry. It was agreed upon that there is a of the Ipon fishery resource and lay down the basic need to strengthen fisherfolk organizations, including information about Ipon and its importance as a major the provision of alternative source of livelihood. fishery resource in the inland water systems in the Local Government Units and the other agencies are Cordilleras and Ilocos regions. More importantly, expected to coordinate among each about their plans the consultation served as a venue to come-up with and programs with regard to the Ipon Resource. Finally, a Plan of Action in the regulation and sustainable it was agreed that there is a need to review all laws and management and conservation of Ipon, considering regulations pertaining to the Goby fisheries, including the legal and scientific considerations. all data necessary for the formulation of Ordinances and policies. In support, BFAR-1 RD Lilibeth l. Signey stated that they will sit down with their municipalities for a consultation Participants of said activity were Municipal Agriculturist on goby fry. of the selected municipalities of Abra, and , Provincial Veterinarian of Abra, BFAR regions 1 and The Bureau invited Dr. Jonathan O. Dickson, a retired CAR, resource speaker and fisherfolk leaders.

13 January-December 2018 BFAR marks September as 55th Fish Conservation Month

Texts by: Rodelyn Q. Foronda Source: FMRED

Starting 2018, the Bureau marks the observance Among these were different contests from where of its Fish Conservation Week in the month of senior high school students showcased their skills September instead of October as it usually does. and talents in the on-the-spot essay writing, poster But, through Proclamation No. 316, the month of making, quiz bee, and cooking contest. This is one of September is declared as Maritime and Archipelagic the strategies of the Bureau in strengthening youth Nation Awareness Month or MANA MO amending participation in the protection and conservation of Proclamation 176 (s.1963). This had likewise amended fisheries and aquatic resources in the country. Aside Proclamation no. 176 s. 1963 transferring the from this, the regionwide clean-up drive was done observance of the Fish Conservation Week from the enjoining the local communities to take part in this Third Week of October to the third week of September environmental initiative to take care of the water of every year. resources.

This is to synchronize programs and activities in the Also, a total of 517, 500 tilapia fingerlings was dispersed observance of Fish Con with that of International to communal bodies of water in suport of the stock Coastal Clean-up Day every third Saturday of enhancement effort of the Bureau. September and the National Maritime Day every last Friday of the same month. This likewise aims at raising The winners for the different contests held were as national consciousness on Maritime and Archipelagic follows. issues and policies.

Part of the observance of the MANA Mo is the Fish Conservation which bears the theme, “Kapag Karagatan ng Munisipal ay Inalagaan, Sasagana ang Yamang-Dagat” that aims to encourage our fishers, LGU partners, and other stakeholders to take care of our municipal waters in order to protect and conserve our aquatic resources and, in turn, take care of the whole fishing industry. However, in Cordillera, to strengthen campaigns on effective management, protection and conservation of the inland resources against all forms of illegal fishing activities, BFAR-CAR prepared a month-long activity to be undertaken regionwide.

14 January-December 2018 THE WINNERS

Cooking Contest using carp as main ingredient ESSAY WRITING CONTEST “Kapag Karagatan ng Munisipal ay Inalagaan, Sasagana ang Yamang-Dagat ng Buong Sambayanan.” ‘’ Protecting our bodies of WATER to protect our FUTURE’’

Our bodies of water nowadays are suffering from tremendous pressure and changes brought about by our own actions. The oceans and seas where our various seafood supplies come from are slowly deteriorating, hinting that we need to protect our bodies of water and marine life for our own sake and for the coming generations to come.

Protecting our oceans doesn't mean giving all the responsibility to the people tasked in that particular department and relying on them to do all the work of protecting our bodies of Jan Michael T. Ancheta and Joshelle Marie C. De Guzman water and the sea creatures. It should start with ourselves as all changes do. In order to protect Systems Technology Institute our bodies of water, we should be conscious of our own actions and the results it may cause to other people and the environment. We should be mindful that a simple candy wrapper thrown to our rivers, lakes, oceans, and seas can bring more destruction than we thought it would. Quiz Bee Aside from avoidance of throwing waste materials in our bodies of water, we should also refrain from always using transportation to everywhere we go especially if it is possible for us to walk to our destination. You see, air pollution also contributes to the destruction of our bodies of water, air pollution that isn't only caused by smoke coming from vehicles but also from establishments and “Protecting factories. Air pollution that causes acidic air also causes acid rain that can harm marine our bodies of life. Air pollution also causes global warming WATER to that takes its toll on our oceans such as ocean protect our warming and fish poisoning. FUTURE’’ On the Spot Poster / After thinking of ways to help in protecting our bodies Slogan Making Contest of water, we should also disseminate the knowledge we have about how TREASURE BENEATH unregulated, unregistered and illegal fishing, poaching, overfishing, blast or dynamite fishing, Full of beauty, life and riches, to mention a few, destructs our bodies of water and marine life. Our respected fishermen that is what our waters hide. should learn about such information so they can avoid such practices, practices that doesn't When people learn to care and value what Mother Nature had only destroy our marine life, their habitats and ecosystems but also bring harm to our given to us. fishermen's lives especially blast or dynamite fishing that haven't only caused many deaths That is when we see how but have also resulted to serious injuries. Our fishermen should also learn to fish sustainably beautiful it is underneath. and cooperate with government agencies entrusted to aid their livelihood.

Aside from preventing the cause of marine life destruction, we should also help and Hilary Jemile A. Ebrada participate in activities being provided by government, non-government and international Senior High School Category agencies such as clean-up drive, conventions and conferences held for our bodies of water Saint Louis University and marine life conservation. Now, imagine a life with no seafood at all. Imagine the coming generations not having seen a single fish or even tasted one. Pitiful right? How? Think back about your past actions, did it help protect our bodies of water? If you answered yes, keep it up. TREASURE UNDER THE SEA However, if you answered No, you should start changing your habits for yourself, your family It shows the proper ways and for the next generations to come. of taking care the marine life, by cleaning the coastal areas and the proper way Protecting our oceans, seas, rivers, lakes and ponds entails that we can help a lot of of fishing. By doing this fishermen and their families through making sure that they can still depend on their livelihood things, the biodiversity and to provide for their basic needs and our seafood supplies. Protecting the various bodies of minerals within the sea and other water resources will water also ensures a good future for everyone including our loved ones. We should always stay. keep in mind that a simple bad action can create a ripple effect that doesn't only destroy our marine life but can also eliminate us and our habitats through natural phenomena. Mark Jhunel Galong Junior High School Baguio City National High School 15 January-December 2018 A Distinct Fishing Gear Used ASAR: In the Cordillera Rivers A research article by Mary P. Tauli, Marx Perfecto C. Garcia, Joahna Goyagoy, Heizel Lalugan, Lois June B. Fermin and Lilibeth L. Signey of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources-Cordillera Administrative Region published in the Journal of Marine Science Research and Oceanography published on July 16, 2018.

Abstract the region prides itself as the watershed cradle of Northern Luzon. Most of the major river basins drain to regions 1 and The Cordillera Administrative Region, dubbed as the “Watershed 2. It supports different facilities like, irrigation, domestic use, Cradle of the North” caters to 13 major rivers [1]. Five of which and hydropower. Total drainage area is 25,634.38 sq. km [1,4]. is being assessed by the National Stock Assessment Program of CAR’s total land area is 18,293.7 sq. km., or about 6.1 percent the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources [2,3]. This study, of the country’s total land area. The predominant forestlands under the BFAR-CAR NSAP was conducted to study the origin of are used for agro-forestry, pasture land, and as production the asar, a distinct fish trap being used in the Cordillera Rivers. It and protection forests. Roughly 10% of the region’s area is also wanted to determine the catch composition in six municipal devoted to agriculture[1]. Although the region is focused landing centers identified. Data on the history and origin of the in agriculture, its major rivers also cater to different aquatic asar were obtained through interviews with fisherfolk in Abra, species and fishing becomes an alternative livelihood to the Kalinga, Benguet,Apayao and Ilocos Sur using open-ended farmers of the region. The Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic questions. Data on fish composition and volume of catch were Resources-CAR in its National Stock Assessment Program collected by NSAP-CAR data enumerators in six landing centers conducts stock assessment in six major rivers in the Cordillera along the Rivers of Amburayan, Abra and Apayao-. in the , Abra River, Apayao River, Ibulao River, The asar is also known as asal or kileb, a little difference due Marag River and Chico River [2]. NSAP in the region aims to to the linguistic differences in the region. It is a passive and evaluate the status of the riverine systems of the Cordillera. size selective but not species-selective fishing gear. It takes advantage of the increased volume of fish trapped during the Fishermen in these fishing grounds use different fishing rainy season. In Abra, asar was constructed based on basbasan gears in their capture fishing, however most of these gears – a tool used to separate rice grains from its stalk. In Benguet on are undocumented. In the NSAP study, an distinct fishing the other hand was based in an old practice of filtering decaying gear was learned to contribute to a 5.5 % of the total capture plant materials in rice fields called asal. In Apayao, asar was fisheries catch in 2015. This gear is locally called asar, asal, introduced by Mr. Manuel Basilio, an Abrenian who migrated or kileb. In this study however, asar is used as the name of to Flora in 1964. NSAP data shows that 26 species of aquatic the fishing gear. The asar is a fish trap stationed in the water animals were caught by asar in the Cordillera Rivers in 2015. for a certain period of time where fishes are caught in a Asar as a gear contributed 5.5% to the total inland capture catch basin at the base of the trap. The fish when caught are fisheries catch in 2015. naturally confined in a collecting unit from which escape is prevented by labyrinths and/or retarding devices such as Keywords: Asar, Fishing Gear, Fisherfolk, landing center gorges, funnels, etc. without any active fishing operation taking place [3]. Introduction The research aims to study the origin of the asar including its There have been limited studies on the fishing gears used fish catch composition in six (6) municipalities identified in by fisherfolk in the Cordillera Administrative Region [1]. CAR, the Amburayan River, Abra River and Apayao River. being a land locked region, with a mountainous topography hosts 13 major river basins [4]. Its inland fisheries contributed Materials and Methods 1, 035.74 MT to the Philippine catch in 2012. Its 13 major river basins have great water bearing capacities with an estimated The study on asar was conducted in four fishing grounds drainage area of 18, 293 square kilometers suitable for water namely the Amburayan River, Abra River, Apayao River and and energy exploration and other economic purposes [5]. Chico River. The study concentrated in the municipalities of Kapangan and Atok in Benguet, , Tubo and The CAR comprises mostly of the Luzon Central Cordillera, in Abra and Flora in Apayao. Data on landed catch and a major geanticline mountain range. The area constitutes effort of the asar were gathered by data enumerators in 139 mountains; the mountain ranges generally trend north- the municipalities covered. These were collected based south to north northeast. The region is drained mainly by on the methodology of the National Stock Assessment Abra River in Abra and Mt. Province; Agno and Bued Rivers Program methodology of collection [2]. Data collected in the in Benguet and Baguio City; Magat River in Ifugao; Apayao, municipalities were encoded in the NSAP database and later Chico, and Pamplona Rivers in Apayao, Mt. Province and generated and converted into excel files for analysis. History, Kalinga. As host to 13 major and principal river systems, how it is used and its importance to fisherfolk were obtained

16 January-December 2018 through interviews with the fisherfolk of Abra, Kalinga, Apayao River, Apayao Apayao, Benguet and Ilocos Sur. Open ended questions were used during the interviews. Documentation on the Asar in the Apayao River is said to be introduced in 1964 building of the asar was collected by enumerators in the by Mr. Manuel Basilio, 75 who hails from Abra. It was in municipalities covered. 1964, when Basilio migrated in Apayao did he build an asar along the Apayao River in the municipality of Santa Results and Discussion Marcela. Eventually, fisherfolk in the area adapted the asar as a fishing gear. Having started in the Sta. Marcela area, the The asar is a distinct fish trap used to catch numerous fish asar in Apayao is now also being used by fisherfolk of the species in the Cordillera Rivers. Fish traps are gears set or municipality of Flora. stationed in the water for a certain period, regardless of the kind of material used for their construction. These are Chico River, Kalinga gears in which the fish are retained or enter voluntarily and will be hampered from escaping. They are designed in such There are no certainties as to the origin of the asar along manner that the entrance itself becomes a non-return device, the Chico River. It already existed since the 1970s. Fisher allowing the fish to enter the trap but making it impossible to folk in the area claim that as far as they remember, their leave the catching chamber [6-11]. grandparents would bring them to the Chico River where

Origin of Asar/Asal/Kileb

The asar is a distinct fishing gear in the Cordillera Administrative Region passed on from generation to generation of fishermen in the region [1]. However, there have been claims that the asar was introduced in the Cordillera by the Bago tribe and is originally found in the .

In the municipalities of and in Ilocos Sur, fishermen were interviewed on the origin of the asar in their area. Their accounts dictate that the asar or kileb as they commonly call it, started in the 1950s. However, it was eventually stopped in the 1980s due to the prohibition mandated by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources because of the excessive use of forest trees in the Figure 1: An asar built along the Saltan River in construction of asar[4]. Accounts on the origin of the asar or Kalinga (photo by Naela S. Bilag) asal or kileb differ from every province and fishing ground in the Cordillera. the asar is installed and they would help in handpicking the trapped fish. The name “asar” was already in place even Amburayan River, Benguet before they were born. Construction of Asar In the Amburayan River, the asal, according to fisherfolk was passed to them by their ancestors. It started as an experiment The asar is made up of bamboo, hardwood tree trunks when farmers thought of replicating the way they filter and branches, “runu” and cogon grass which are built to dirt and weeds from penetrating to their rice fields. This withstand the water current in the rivers. The bamboos are practice of filtering was called “asal” in the local dialect of the used as floorings and as sides of the asar. Hardwood tree “Kankanaeys” meaning to filter. In replicating this practice in trunks and branches and some matured bamboo trees are the fishing activity in the area, the name “asal” was retained; used as posts of the asar. Runu holds the posts together and hence it is called so in the province of Benguet until now. the cogon grass are used as roofing of the little nipa hut built on the upper edge of the asar. The little nipa hut serves as a Abra River, Abra resting place for the fishermen who are waiting to collect the catch of the asar. Asar is built against the flow of the water Abra was once part of the Ilocos Region until its inclusion in the river in order to trap fishes that swim with the water in CAR in 1987. It was this very reason, as explained by when the river gets murky during the rainy season. The lower the fisherfolk of Abra that there are claims that the asar part of the asar is designed to be wider than the upper part originated in the Ilocos Region. where the hut is set. When the rainy season arrives, water Fisherfolk of Abra also claim that the asar was passed on to current becomes strong and murky and fishes lose control them by their ancestors. The asar in Abra was patterned with of their movement. They are then easily trapped in the asar. the “basbasan”, an old instrument used in separating the rice The fishermen would then handpick the fishes trapped in the grain from its stalks, way before the introduction of modern asar. technology, the thresher. Fishing using the asar is still being widely practiced in the Abra River. The asar in Abra, Apayao and Kalinga is built individually along the stretch of the river. More often than not, there are a number of asar, five or more built in one setting in the river.

17 January-December 2018 more groups. The lower part of the asar which leads the of 3.18 MT. Asar contributed 5.56 % of the 2015 total catch water to the catch basin of the trap is measured to be ten (10) of capture fisheries in the Cordillera. Poblacion West in Flora, meters wide and two (2) meters long. Posts of the structure Apayao contributed the most of the asar catch in 2015 at 52 are measured from 50 cm to three (3) meters while the upper % of the total catch. Poblacion West, Flora 52% Kili, Tubo 20% part where the hut is three (3) to four (4) meters wide. The Cuba, Kapangan 18% Naguey, Atok 5% Caganayan, Tineg 3% flooring of the asar has spaces of one (1) centimeter. In Abra, the floorings are removable so that the fishermen could recycle them in the next construction but in Benguet, the flooring of the asar are nailed to the main structure of the asar.

Figure 4: Species contribution in the catch of asar Poblacion, Lagayan 2% Catch From the 27 species of fish trapped in asar, there are six species belonging to the family Gobiidae, three species to family Anguillidae, two species to family Mugilidae, and one Figure 2: Building of asar along the Abra River in species each to the families of Ambassidae, Carangidae, Brgy, Pang-ot, Lagayan Cichlidae, Cyprinidae, Eleotridae, Kuhliidae, Leiognathidae, Poecilidae, Rhyacichthyidae and Zenarchopteridae. Five Asar is constructed during the dry months of the year species of the Phylum Arthropoda caught in the asar especially the summer months. Fishermen take a few weeks belong to the families Atyidae and Palaemonidae. There to a month to construct one asar. The construction of asar are 4 species belonging to the family Palaemonidae and costs fishermen Php 6, 000.00 to Php 10, 000.00. In Apayao, one species belonging to the family Atyidae. In 2015, the A. however, the fishermen can sell the asar they built to other melanocephalus contributed the most with 50.66 % of the fishermen with a cost of Php 21, 000.00. Figure 3: total asar catch or 1.611 MT while R. aspro contributed 19.72 % or 0.627 MT.

Figure 3: The asal in the Amburayan River in Cuba, Kapangan, Benguet (Photo by Mary P. Tauli) Figure 5: Species contribution in the catch of asar

Summary of Catch of Asar Conclusion Construction of the asar take a lot of effort and may cost a good amount of money but fishermen still build one because The asar is a distinct fishing gear used in the Cordillera Rivers. of its voluminous catch during the rainy season. Asar is a It is a passive and species selective fishing gear. In order to non-selective gear catching all fish that pass through its properly manage the fishing gear, further study on the effect floor. In 2015, 27 species of fish and 5 species of crustaceans of asar in the environment needs to be conducted. At the (freshwater prawns) were caught in the asar with a total catch same time, further analysis on the length-weight data of the

18 January-December 2018 and Mr. Chris Calawen; Ms. Editha Padamada, Ms. Maribel Arquillo, Ms. Maritess Palacay and Mr. Aaron Cattubag; Ms. Table 1: Fish families and count of species caught Mowanah Marie Jovellanos, Ms. Rona-Lee Barnigan, Ms. in the asar Espirita Umba-ang and Mr. Dexter Cam-ani. Family No. of Genus No. of Species The authors would also like to thank the support and Ambassidae 1 1 guidance of their families. And lastly, the authors would like Anguillidae 3 3 to thank the Lord for His guidance in the conduct and making of this paper. Atyidae 1 1 Carangidae 1 1 References Cichlidae 1 1 1. Navarro BY and Saldo GS (2000) Environmental Accounting in The Cyprinidae 1 1 Philippines: The Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) Experience. Eleotridae 1 1 Session 12-Sub National Environmental Accounting Cordillera Administrative Region, Philippines. Philippines. Gobiidae 5 6 http://nap.psa.gov.ph/peenra/workshop/Technical%20Papers/ Kuhliidae 1 1 Session%2012%20SubNa-CAR.PDF Leiognathidae 1 1 2. Barut N (2014) Overview of National Stock Assessment Program Mugilidae 2 2 (NSAP). National Fisheries Research and Development Institute Palaemonidae 3 4 NFRDI, City. Poecilidae 1 1 3. Dickson JO and Salinas RP (2014) Fishing Gears and Methods. In: Rhyacichthyiidae 1 1 Municipal Fishing Vessel and Gears Registration Guidebook. Diliman, . DA-BFAR. 70 p. Zenarchopteridae 1 1 Grand Total 25 26 4. DENR (2017) 2015. 18 Major Rivers and Three Principal River Basins. Available from http://rbco.denr.gov.ph/18-major-river-basins/

species caught is better to further understand the effects of 5. NEDA (2017) 2013, RDC Cordillera approves master plans for the gear on the species caught. three river basins. National Economic and Development Authority. Available from http://car.neda.gov.ph/rdc-cordillera-approves- Acknowledgment master-plans-threeriver- basins/

The authors wish to extend their sincerest and deepest 6. FAO (2017) 2001. Fishing Gear Types. Traps. Technology Fact gratitude to the people who have greatly contributed for Sheets. In: FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department [online]. Rome. the completion of this paper. This paper is not completed Available from: http://www.fao.org/fishery/ geartype/108/en without the support of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic 7. Garcia MPC, Paz-Alberto AM, Abella TA, Sace CF, Claudio EG, et Resources-Cordillera Administrative Region, Regional al. (2018) Assessment of the Diversity of Macro Aquatic Species in Director and staff [1,3]. Amburayan River in Kapangan, Benguet in the Philippines. Open Journal of Marine Science 8: 323-354. https:// doi.org/10.4236/ The authors thank the National Fisheries Research and ojms.2018.83018 Development Institute especially to Dr. Mudjekeewis Santos, Sir Noel Barut and Sir Francisco Torres Jr. for the support and 8. NEDA (2010) Regional Development Plan 2011-2016 Cordillera technical advisories during the making of the paper [2]. Administrative Region. National and Economic Development Authority. To the fishermen from the municipalities covered by the study, the authors greatly appreciate your cooperation and 9. Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) (2015) 2006-2015 Country Stat understanding during the conduct of the study. Furthermore, Philippines. Regional Profile: Cordillera Administrative Region. http:// we thank you for the knowledge and lessons imparted not countrystat.bas.gov.ph/?cont=16&r=14 only to the authors but also the enumerators working with you. 10. Okawara M, Munprasit A, Theparoonrat Y, Masthawee P, Chokesanguan B (1986) Fishing Gear and Methods in Southeast Asia: The authors also extend their great thanks for the patience I. Thailand. Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center. 329 p. and help of the data analysts, Ms. Jee Remae Podeque, Ms, Grace Ann C. Palabrica and Ms. Marjorie M. Ramirez 11. Okawara M, Munprasit A, Theparoonrat Y, Masthawee P, who have worked with us overtime. For the hard work and Chokesanguan B (1986) Fishing Gear and Methods in Southeast Asia: dedication of the enumerators assigned along the Abra River, II. Malaysia. Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center. 338 p. Amburayan River, Apayao River and Chico River, the authors extend their gratitude to: Mr. Leo Brazil Jr., Mr. Victor Delusen, Copyright: ©2018 Mary P Tauli. This is an open-access article distributed Ms. Maritess Payanay, Ms. Ma. Rhoda Fe Andres, Ms. Grechen under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which Leppago, Ms. Jocelyn Paleyan, Mr. Arthur Idao, Ms. Heizel permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, Lalugan and Mr. Ian Astrero; Ms. Carla Amaran, Ms. Salve Felix, provided the original author and source are credited.

19 January-December 2018 Republic of the Philippines Department of Agriculture BUREAU OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC RESOURCES Cordillera Administrative Region Easter Road, Guisad, Baguio City 2600 Telefax: (074) 443-6716 / 445-8499 [email protected] l http://car.bfar.da.gov.ph

20 January-December 2018