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Caballito De Mar INFO GRA CIENCIA FÍA 19 razon.com.mx La Razón • VIERNES 05.06.2020 HALLAN 7 NUEVAS ESPECIES DE POLILLAS DEL MONTE CAMERÚN. Un estudio publicado en la revista de fomento científico ZooKyes, realizado por investigadores de diversas universidades de Rusia y de la República CIENCIA Checa, describieron siete nuevas especies de polillas de múltiples plumas en la región tropical de Camerún. HABITA EN EL OCEANO ÍNDICO LOS OTROS 7 Las especies de caballitos de mar pigmeos descubiertos hasta, la fecha son 8, incluyendo a la Descubren nueva especie de caballito de mar... Hippocampus Nalu y en su mayoría del tamaño de un grano de arroz habitan el triángulo de coral. Gráficos C. Alejandro Sánchez, Ismael F. Mira, Roberto Alvarado y Luisa Ortega INVESTIGADORES de la Academia de Ciencias de California y vive en el océano Índico y en el continente africano, a 8,000 Hippocampus Japapigu el Museo Australiano en Sidney descubrieron la especie a la que kilómetros de distancia de esa zona, los dos ejemplares que fueron El caballito de mar pigmeo japonés es una especie de la familia Syngnathidae. nombraron Hippocampus Nalu en las aguas turbulentas y rocosas observados se parecen a otros caballitos de mar pigmeos, aun- Y se le conoce como el cerdo de Japón. del este de Sudáfrica, que a diferencia de las otras 5 especies de que éstos tienen un conjunto de espinas con puntas afiladas en la caballito de mar pigmeo que habitan el triángulo de coral, ésta espalda y tienen una longitud similar a la de un grano de arroz. Vista COMPARATIVO Tienen un excelente sentido de la HIPPOCAMPUS NALU El caballito de mar pigmeo Sodwana, es una especie sudafricana La especie de caballito de mar más vista. Además, pueden mover cada Hippocampus Pontohi grande que existe, alcanza los treinta ojo de manera independiente, del de caballito de mar pigmeo de la familia Syngnathidae. Es una nueva especie de caballito centímetros de longitud, mientras que mismo modo que los camaleones. de mar identificada en Indonesia en la recientemente descubierta apenas 2008. Su nombre es en honor de Hence Pontoh. supera el medio centímetro. Cresta en la cabeza Le ayuda a moverse con mayor fluidez y sigilosamente a la hora de cazar. 8 mil Kilómetros es la distancia 0.6 cm a la que habita la especie del triángulo de coral Hippocampus Nalu Branquia Sólo posee una apertura en la parte supe- rior de la espalda en vez de las dos bajo Hippocampus Colemani cada lado de la cabeza, que presentan los Es una especie de pez de la familia caballitos de mar de mayor tamaño. Syngnathidae en el orden de los Syngnathiformes. Estructura Es única, ya que se diferencia de otros caballitos porque posee una Hocico espina singular cresta en la espalda com- ancha puesta por huesos triangulares. Se presenta desde la línea media entre los ojos. Hippocampus Satomiae Especie de pez de la familia Syng- nathidae. Su nombre proviene de Tamaño Satomi Onishi, la guía de buceo que Mide entre 0.5 y un recolectó los primeros especímenes. Camuflaje centímetro. 30 cm Utiliza su pigmento para camuflarse en su entorno y esto también le ayuda a cazar su alimento. Hippocampus Waleananus El caballito de mar pigmeo de coral blando de Walea, fue considerado Coloración como un sinónimo de Hippocampus Cabeza, tronco y cola satomiae. presentan color marrón miel, con una superposición de cuadrilátero irregular blanco y reticulación pentagonal. Piel Normalmente se les con- Hippocampus Ingens sidera como animales con un cuerpo delicado, pero éste está hecho con una pasta más robusta. Hippocampus Bargibanti Especie de pez de la familia DISTRIBUCIÓN Y HÁBITAT Syngnathidae en el orden de los La nueva especie se localiza en las costas de la bahía de Sodwana, Sudáfrica, Syngnathiformes. y es el primero que se localiza en la región fuera del triángulo de coral y Japón. Sudáfrica Triángulo de coral Arrecife Especies de plataforma Se pueden Este tipo de arrecifes encontrar desde Profundidad son planos y conec- tiburones hasta Hay 6 tipos 8 tan directamente pequeños molus- de arrecifes Especies de con la orilla costera. cos en el arrecife. en diferentes caballitos de mar profundidades, el pigmeos se han caballito pigmeo se encuentra en lo descrito y nombra- Hippocampus Minotaur que es llamada la do oficialmente Caballito de mar cuello de toro. Perte- llanura arrecifal. nece a los caballitos de mar pigmeos y no supera los 5 cm de tamaño total. CAZA Para determinar la forma de caza de estos animales, los investigadores emplearon técnicas de holografía digital, para capturar los movimientos al alimentarse. 1 2 3 Arrecife de coral Los ecosistemas submarinos donde se observó Aguas tranquilas Forma de su cabeza Pequeño hocico el Hippocampus Nalu, consistían en arrecifes de Esta especie tiene una tasa de Forma una parte fundamental al cazar, Como parte final, su boca de este animal coral planos a base de arenisca de los cuales es una éxito de un 90% en una ma- ya que le ayuda a moverse sigilosamen- actúa como una pequeña aspiradora, la cual característica única en este tipo de ecosistemas. rea tranquila, en comparación te y poderse acercar a los copépodos, al tener suficientemente cerca a su presa co- con otros depredadores. una subclase de crustáceos. mienza a succionar para atrapar su alimento. 19LR3425.indd 3 04/06/20 23:33.
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