Performance Evaluation of Deenbandhu Biogas Plants Installed in Various Regions of Punjab, India

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(2): 185-193 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 2 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.902.023 Survey Report: Performance Evaluation of Deenbandhu Biogas plants Installed in Various Regions of Punjab, India Deepinder Singh Aulakh, Jasvarinder Chalotra* and S. S. Sooch Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, COAE&T, PAU, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Greenhouse gas emission is the biggest challenge to the society and responsible for major climatic changes these days. The non-renewable K e yw or ds sources are responsible for this and should be replaced by the renewable Organic waste, once. Biogas is one of the most reliable and efficient renewable resource. Survey & Various organic wastes such as cattle dung, crop residues, human excreta, Inspection, kitchen waste etc. are available in nature and can be easily used for biogas Deenbandhu biogas model, Analysis production. In this study, the survey was conducted by the engineers Report deputed by department of civil engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Article Info Ludhiana, Punjab. The main objective of this survey was to evaluate the performance of family size biogas plant (Deenbandu model) already Accepted: 05 January 2020 installed in the various regions of Punjab and to promote the use of biogas Available Online: plant instead of LPG cylinders. 100 plants were randomly selected from 10 February 2020 various regions and on the basis of user experience and data collected a report was prepared. Introduction nature. Biomass refers to the solid carbonaceous material derived from plants Energy is a vital input for economic growth in and animals. Biomass does not add CO2 to the agricultural and industrial field. The depletion atmosphere as it absorbs the same amount of of fossil fuels (non-renewable energy)is at carbon in growing plants as it releases when alarming rate and the cost of environment consumed as fuel. Biomass fuel is used protection is also increasing. Renewable maximum in rural households and little bit in resources technology is of utmost importance urban dwellings1. for balance and healthier environment for living. The renewable resources such as sun, Biogas from biomass is one of the most wind, biomass, geothermal and tidal energy sustainable and effective source of energy are abundant resources of energy provided by which endures for a long time. Biogas is 185 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(2): 185-193 derived by anaerobic digestion of organic done with the help of the masons and self- wastes such as cattle dung, crop residues, employed workers (SEWs) trained by the human excreta, kitchen waste etc1. Anaerobic department. Based upon the information digestion not only provides valuable fuel but provided by the masons and SEWs, survey also enhances the fertilizer value of residue. It was conducted. In this process, engineers visit also provides environment friendly, safe, the selected spot and conduct the survey in conventional and economical disposal method contact mode with every individual person of waste. This process gives better results as holding plant. compared to other waste treatment processes. Developing the technology for biogas Deenbandhu biogas plant design: Figure 1 production is subjected to well proven represents Deenabndhu biogas plant design technique and economical aspects of the model2. This is the most popular and country. Biogas has both social and industrial successful type of family size plant the in the advantages as it is safe fuel for cooking, region of Punjab. It is very economical and lighting and engine running. The left over requires least space among the other designs. digested slurry is enriched manure, which can The major factors affecting the production of be used in agricultural land. Biogas consists biogas are the temperature and pH. The of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and temperature is required to be in the range of o o traces of other gases such as H2, CO, N2 and 35 C - 45 C but unfortunately, the process 2 o H2S .Methane is the main component of retards below 10 C. On the other hand, pH biogas which is used for purposes as it has factor should be in between 6.5 to 7.5 inside same thermal efficiency compared to LPG the digester3. For biogas generation, daily (butane gas). Table 1 shows the thermal 25kg per m3 of cow dung is required. The efficiency of various fuels with calorific cow dung and water is mixed in the ratio 1:1 values2. For the production of biogas, and added to the digester. These plants are different models are developed such as KVIC, installed in various sizes 1m3, 2m3, 3m3, 4m3 Janta and Deenbandu model. Out of these, and 6m3 depending upon the number of Deenbandhu modelis the most economical members and animals present in the house. and smallest family size plant. Mostly, 4m3 and 6m3 are more popular size of plants which are sufficient for 8-12 members Aim of the study was to conduct the survey of the family2. The government also provides over selected installed biogas plants in the subsidy on these sizes of plants. region of Punjab so as to know the working condition, problem faced and awareness Analysis:- After collection of data provided among the people. by the owner of plant from various regions. Excel sheet was prepared for the analysis. Materials and Methods Results and Discussion Survey Performa:- Initially, the perform a including various points such as name and Survey over 100 installed biogas plants are address of beneficiary, no. of cattle owned, conducted and reported in the table 2. capacity, installation year, operational and structural problems of the plant for data It has been observed from the survey that collection was prepared. most of the people prefer 6m3 of biogas plant over other sizes due to high number of family Location selection:-The selection of location, members and secondly, keeping in mind installation and provision of after service is consistent progression in the family members. 186 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(2): 185-193 Another noticeable factor from the survey in the installation of biogas plant. The yearly was that with the advancement in the time and growth of biogas plants installed is shown in a building sense of awareness among the Fig. 2. people there has been a tremendous increase Table.1 Comparison of calorific value and thermal efficiency of various fuels are Sr. Name of fuel Thermal Efficiency Calorific value (KCal) No. (KCal) 1 Biogas (m3) 60 4713 2 Fire Wood (kg) 17.3 4708 3 Cow dung cake (kg) 17.3 2092 4 LPG(Butane gas) (kg) 60 10662 5 Charcoal (kg) 28 6930 Table.2 Survey data of biogas plants Sr. Name & District No. of Capacity Year of Status of plant No. Village Cattle of plant installation 3 Working Not working due to owned (m ) satisfactorily Structural Operational / Partially problem problem 1. Lekh Singh Moga 7 6 2015 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Charik 2. Gurbachan Singh Moga 8 6 2015 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Charik 3. Gurnek Singh Moga 4 6 2014 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Charik 4. Hardev Singh Moga 15 6 2015 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Charik 5. Baljinder Singh Moga 6 6 2016 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Charik 6. Sarabjit Singh Moga 5 6 2013 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:khai 7. Jagdev Singh Moga 6 6 2014 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Khai 8. Karam Singh Moga 10 6 2016 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Khai 9. Kirandeep Kaur Moga 4 6 2016 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Kha 10. Baljit Kaur Moga 10 6 2015 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill: Khai 11. Avtar Singh Moga 5 6 2015 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Daburji 12. Suksar Singh Moga 7 6 2009 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Daburji 187 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(2): 185-193 13. Pehal Singh Moga 8 6 2011 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Daburji 14. Labh Singh Moga 6 6 2012 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Daburji 15. Jagtar Singh Moga 7 6 2016 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Korewala 16. Malkit Singh Moga 6 6 2011 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Korewala 17. Harnam Singh Moga 8 6 2008 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Korewala 18. Nirmal Singh Moga 40 6 2008 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Korewala 19. Paramjit Singh Moga 10 6 2007 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Korewala 20. Kulwant Singh Moga 9 6 2008 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Korewala 21. Sukha Singh Moga 4 6 2007 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Korewala 22. Darshan Singh Fatehgarh 18-20 6 1996 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill: Kaulgarh Sahib 23. Nichatar Singh Fatehgarh 4 6 1991 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Kaulgarh Sahib 24. Hardeep Singh Fatehgarh 10-12 8 1985 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Kaulgarh Sahib 25. Jatinder Singh Fatehgarh 10-11 6 1990 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Kaulgarh Sahib 26. Baljeet Singh Fatehgarh 4 6 2009 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Kaulgarh Sahib 27. Saudagar Singh Fatehgarh 12 6 1995 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Kaulgarh Sahib 28. Achhra Singh Fatehgarh 15-16 6 1993 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Kaulgarh Sahib 29. Amolak Singh Fatehgarh 10—12 6 1994 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Kaulgarh Sahib 30. Karmolak Singh Fatehgarh 20-22 6 1994 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Kaulgarh Sahib 31. Sandeep Singh Fatehgarh 7 6 1991 Uncommisioned -- -- Vill: Kaulgarh Sahib 32. Amrik Singh Fatehgarh 11-12 6 1992 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Kaulgarh Sahib 33. Baljinder Singh Fatehgarh 3-4 6 2012 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Kaulgarh Sahib 34. Kamaljeet Singh Fatehgarh 15 6 2005 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Kaulgarh Sahib 35. Sant Ram Patiala 10-11 6 2009 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill:Ajroar 36. Gurcharan Singh Patiala 5-7 6 2012 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill: Ajroar 37. Kartar Singh Patiala 5 6 2012 Satisfactorily -- -- Vill: Nathu Manjra 38. Jarnail Singh Vill: Patiala 8 6 2009 Partially -- Under Feeding Ajroar 188 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(2): 185-193 39. Gurtej Singh Vill: Patiala 4 6 2012 Satisfactorily -- -- Ajrawar 40. Tara Singh Vill: Patiala 3 6 2011 Satisfactorily -- -- Mandli 41.

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