Amritsar District, No-13, Punjab
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 PUNJAB DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK No. 13 AMRITSAR DISTRICT R. L.ANAND Superintendent of Census Operations and Enumeration Commissioner, Punjab Published by thl.! Government of Punjab 1966 AMRITSAR DISTRICT 10 5 o 10 MILE. 15 o 15 KILOMETRE 5 , Q. R EFEREN CE:- INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY DISTRICT BOUHDARV TAHSIL BOUNDARY BROAD GAUGE RAILWAY METALLED ROAD UNMETALLED ROAD R'VE R CANAL DISTRICT HEADQUARTERS ® TAHSIL HEADQUARTERS o URBAN CENTRE • PREFACE 'rhe reports and statistical volumes pertaining to the 1961-census fall under three broad groups on the basis of territory coverage. The All-India Reports and Tables compiled in the office of the Registrar General. India, encompass the entire country. The reports compiled by the State Superintendents relate to individual States and Centrally Administered Territories. The third group consists of District Census Handbooks, the scope of which is limited to individual Districts, and they give information for each town and village. The Hand books were compiled by the Superintendent of Census OPerations, punjab, but the State Government has undertaken their publishing. The District Census Handbooks were published for the first time at the 1951-census. They proved very useful with the officers working in Community Development Blocks, Tabsils and Districts, and were consul ted in connection with elections~ as also by students of social sciences interested in local problems. This Handbook contains the essential census data for each village and town (according to wards) in the District. Besides, some other useful information has been included in it, thus making it a self-contained book of reference for the District. j. The book is divided into four parts. Part I consists offour chapters. Chapter I introduces the District. giving information on its location, physical features, climate, fauna and flora, towns and places of interest. a brief history of the District and its administrative machinery. In Chapter II are discussed the use of land, main crops and irrigation, industries, trade and commerce, and communications. In Chapter III the salient features of population are discussed. Chapter IV deals with social and developmental activities, and achieve ments during the First and Second Five-Year Plans. In Part II arc presented the statistics secured from various Government Departments relating to rainfall, temperature, land utilisation, irrigation, area and yield of principa3 crops, livestock, industry, co-operation, education, printing and publishing, entertainments, medical and health, births and deaths, transport and communications, community development activities, banks and insurance, and justice. At the end appears a Table on the fairs and festivals in the District. The Tables relating to the 1961-census are presented in Part III. Part IV contains a Directory of Villages and Towns, showing which among them have educational institutions, hospitals and dispensaries, post and tele graph offices, electrification and protected water-supply; area; number of occupied residential houses and house holds living therein; population; persons belonging to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes; number of literate and educated persons; number of workers in nine broad' industrial categories' ; and number of non-workers. The book contains severa,l maps. There is a map of the District showing the administrative boundaries, roads and railways, rivers and canals, and location of towns. Another map shows the distribution of population; the population of towns is shown by proportionate circles, and of rural areas by dotSl. For each Tahsil in the District two types of maps have been prepared, one showing the loca60n of social amenities, and the second showing the boundaries ofviUages and towns. These maps were pre~ared by Shri J.R. Kalia. This publication is the outcome of the joint efforts of a large number of workers and Government Departments, and grateful acknowledgement is made of the help received from them. Within the Census Organisa tion mention needs to be made ofShri Jaswant Singh Dilawary, Statistical Assistant, and Shri Vishwa Mitter, Supervisor, for preparing the Tables appearing in Part II, under the supervision of Shri T. P. Garg, P.C.S., Deputy Superintendent of Census Operations; and of Shd Goverdhan Dass Singla, Statistical Assistant, and Sarvshri Joginder Nath Suri and Dharam Paul Jain, Tabulation Assistants, for preparing the Tables appearing in Parts III and IV, under the supervision of Shri Pawan Kumar, Tabulation Officer. Sarvshri Dharam Paul Jain and Ajab Lal Kakkar helped in correcting the proofs in the press. Shri T .P. Garg, P.C.S., Deputy Superintendent of Census Operations, Punjab, paid a number of visits to the Amritsar District, and after collecting information by personal observation~ and .discusf>ion.s with a large number of persons, produced the draft of this Handbook. Some useful work 111 thls connectIon had been done earlier by Shri C. D. Khanna, Deputy Superintendent of Census Operations. My thanks are due also to Shri K.C. Kuriyan, Controller of Printing & Stationery, Punjab, and his Deputy, Shri Tara Chand, for their personal attention in the printing of the book. R. L. ANAND, CHANDIGARH : Superintendent of Census Operations October 14, 1966. and Enumeration Commissioner, Punjab. CONTENTS PREFACE 111 PARTI,-INTRODUCTION TO THE DISTRICf 1-46 Chapter I - Introduction 3 Chapter II- Economy 17 Chap~er Irr-Popu]ation 30 Chapter IV-Social and Developmental Activities 39 PART U-DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 47-161 Explanatory Note 51 Tables 57 PART IIL-CENSUS TABLES 163-319 Explanatory Note 169 Tables 197 PART IV-DIRECTOR~ OF VILLAGES AND TOWNS i-civ Explanatory Note Directory iv Alphabetical List of Villages luxix MAPS Amritsar District: Tahsil boundaries, Towns, Roads. Railways, Rivers and canals FrontispieCe Amritsar District t Distribution ofl>opulation,- 1961 Facing page 30 Location of Schools. Dispensaries & Post Offices 1. Ajnala Tahsil 2. Amritsar Tahsil 3. Tarn Taran Tahsil 4. Patti Tahsil Facing page 39 Boundaries ofViIlages : Ajnala Tahsil Facing page xci Amritsar Tahsil Pacing page xcv Tarn Taran Tahsil Facing page xcix Patti Tahsil Facing page ciii pART ~ INTRODUCTION TO tHE DISTRICT CHAPTER t INTRODUCTION Name.-The District derives its name from its headquar~ers ~own. which was named after a tank known as 'Amrit Sar'. ~he '~ank of nec~ar'. This ~ank is si~uated in the hear~ of ~he Amri~sar ci~y. In the middle of the tank is the Harmandir more commonly known as Darbar Sahib and ~he Golden Temple, because of its gilded exterior, and i~ is ~he most sacred shrines for ~he Sikhs. Location and boundaries.-Amri~sar is one of the nine Distric~s included in the Jullundur Commis sioner's Division. The Dis~rict lies between 31 °-4'-30' and 32°,.3'-10' north latitude and 74°-29'-20' and 75°-24'-15' eas~ longi~ude, and is a sec~ion of~he ~rac~ known as ~he Bari Doab or ~he ~erri~ory lying be~ ween the Ravi and Beas rivers. In shape the Dis~rict is a trapezium wi~h its base resting on ~he Beas river. Its wes~ern side adjoins the west Pakistan, partly separa~ed by ~he Ravi. The north-eastern is bounded by the Gurdaspur Dis~ric~, and ~owards i~s south-eas~ across the Beas lie the Kapur~hala and F~rozeJ?ur Districts. Area.-The Dis~ric~gained inareaasaresul~ofParHtion whenthe Sub-Tahsil PaUi onhe Kasur Sub Division in Lahore District was detached from Lahore and attached to the Amritsar District. The District at present covers 1,978' square miles according to ~he Surveyor General ofIndia and 1,962,4 square miles according to ~be Direc~6r of Land Records, Punjab. The de~ails for i~s four Tahsils are given below ~- Tahsil Area (sq. miles) Total Rural Urban -J\jnala 418'2 417·7 0'5 Amritsar 545'2 524·5 20·7 Tarn Taran 584·0 579·0 5·0 Patti 415·0 413·0 2·0 To~al 1,962 ·4 1,934 ·2 28'2 Amri_tsar ranks twelfth in area among the nineteen Pistric~s in the S~ate. l.t is a compact area with almos.t no place far~her ~han 40 miles, form ~he Dis~ric~ headquarters. Since the 1951-census, there has been no change in ~he area of the Dis4ic~. Some in~ernal changes were, however, effected. Two villages of Tarn Taran Tahsil were transferred to Amritsar Tahsil. 253 villages were transferred from the Tarn Taran Tahsil ~o ~he Pa~ti Tahsil. Al~hough ~he Gazette notification ro ~his effect was made in 1952, ~his change had beenincorpora~ed in the census repor~ for 1951 showing Pat~i as a separa~e Tahsil. Later 55 previously men~ioned villages were ~ransferred back ~o Tarn Taran Tahsil from Pa~~i Tahsil. PHYSICAL FEATURES The Dis~ric~ is almos~ a uniform alluvial plain unbroken by biB or valley, wi~h practically no fores~, though well provided with trees. The soil is a ligM redish yellow loam locally known as maira, which s~iffens into clay on drying after becoming wet. At some places ~he clay degenera~es in~o strips of sandy and uneven soil locally known as Tibba. The land slopes genny ~o ~he sou~h-west from the high righ~ bank of the Beas to the left bank of the Ravi. Tahsils of Amritsar, Tarn Taran and Pa~ti are for the mos~ part very fertile, bu~ the Ajnala Tahsil lying aiongthe bank of Ravi has suffered badly on account of floods and wa~er1ogging. However, ~he cons ~ruction of Dhusi Bund has proved effective against the river ac~ion. River S':yst8m.-The~hreemajorriverswhicbtouch ~he Districf are~he Heas, ~he Ravi and the Sutlej. The Beas river takes its rise in the north of the Kulu Valley near the Rohtang pass. It enters the plains at Mir~hal, a small village in Pathankot Tahsil of the Gurdaspur District.