Trademark Public Advisory Committee Annual Report 2018

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Trademark Public Advisory Committee Annual Report 2018 TRADEMARK PUBLIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE ANNUAL REPORT 2018 UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction. ............................................................................................................................ 1 II. Report Highlights. ................................................................................................................... 3 A. Trademark Operations. ....................................................................................................... 3 B. IT and E Government Issues. .............................................................................................. 3 C. Budget and Funding Issues. ................................................................................................ 3 D. Trademark Trial and Appeal Board. ................................................................................... 4 E. Policy and International Affairs. ......................................................................................... 4 III. Discussion of Specific Issues. ................................................................................................. 4 A. Trademark Operations Performance. .................................................................................. 4 1. Performance Statistics. .................................................................................................... 4 2. Quality and Training. ...................................................................................................... 7 3. Initiatives Completed in FY 2018. .................................................................................. 9 4. Ongoing Initiatives........................................................................................................ 14 B. IT and E-Government Issues. ........................................................................................... 17 1. The Office of the Chief Information Officer (“OCIO”). .............................................. 17 2. IT Accomplishments. .................................................................................................... 17 3. Modernization. .............................................................................................................. 18 4. Phases of TMNG........................................................................................................... 18 5. TMNG Successes and Issues. ....................................................................................... 20 6. Cost of TMNG. ............................................................................................................. 22 7. Stabilization: Trademark Legacy Systems.................................................................... 23 8. Accomplishments in FY18 for Trademark Legacy Systems. ....................................... 23 9. Overall Concerns. ......................................................................................................... 24 C. Budget and Funding Issues. .............................................................................................. 24 1. Fees Collected. .............................................................................................................. 24 2. Impact of 2017 Fee Adjustment. ................................................................................... 25 3. Financial Advisory Board. ............................................................................................ 25 4. Direct v. Indirect Spending. .......................................................................................... 25 5. Spending in Trademarks for Trademark Information Technology. .............................. 26 6. Trademark funding of Regional Offices. ...................................................................... 26 D. Trademark Trial and Appeal Board. ................................................................................. 26 1. Efforts to Declutter the Trademark Register. ................................................................ 27 2. Revisions to Trademark Trial and Appeal Board Manual of Procedure. ..................... 28 3. Information Technology Changes. ................................................................................ 29 4. Standard Protective Order. ............................................................................................ 29 5. Personnel. ...................................................................................................................... 30 6. Performance Statistics. .................................................................................................. 30 7. Trends in Metrics. ......................................................................................................... 32 8. Precedential Decisions. ................................................................................................. 33 E. Policy and International Affairs. ....................................................................................... 33 1. IP Attaché Program. ...................................................................................................... 33 2. Technical Assistance. .................................................................................................... 34 3. WIPO. ........................................................................................................................... 35 4. World Trade Organization (“WTO”). ........................................................................... 36 i 5. ICANN. ......................................................................................................................... 37 6. Hague Conference on Private International Law. ......................................................... 37 7. The Five Trademark Offices. ........................................................................................ 37 8. Domestic Federal Agency Counsel Trademark Bootcamp & Outreach. ...................... 38 9. Domestic Legislative Proposal regarding Section 2(b). ............................................... 38 10. Domestic Local Counsel Requirement. ........................................................................ 39 11. Domestic Dairy Industry Concerns with Examination of Geographic Matter. ............ 39 ii Trademark Public Advisory Committee Fiscal Year 2018 Annual Report ____________________________________________________________________________ I. Introduction. This is the nineteenth annual report of the Trademark Public Advisory Committee (“TPAC”). This report reviews the trademark operations of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO” or “Office”) for the Fiscal Year (“FY”) ending September 30, 2018. Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 5(d)(2), this report is submitted within 60 days following the end of the federal fiscal year and is transmitted to the President, the Secretary of Commerce and the Committees on the Judiciary of the Senate and the House of Representatives. This report is submitted for publication in the Official Gazette of the USPTO. The report will be available to the public on the USPTO website, www.uspto.gov. TPAC acknowledges the contributions the USPTO has made by providing facts, figures and performance statistics relied upon in this report. TPAC appreciates that throughout the fiscal year the Office not only responded to TPAC’s questions, but often the Office requested input from TPAC and thoughtfully considered TPAC’s feedback on relevant issues. It is an honor to work with professionals so dedicated to improving the USPTO, the quality of services provided, and the customer experience. TPAC’s mission and duties, which are specified in enabling legislation, 35 U.S.C. § 5(b)(1) and (d)(1), are “to represent the interests of diverse users” of the USPTO and to “review the policies, goals, performance, budget, and user fees” of the USPTO with respect to trademarks, and to advise the Director on these matters. As of the end of FY 2018, the following individuals were voting members of TPAC: • Dee Ann Weldon-Wilson (Chair), Nashville, Tennessee (term ends December 1, 2018) • William G. Barber (Vice Chair), Member, Pirkey Barber PLLC, Austin, Texas (term ends December 1, 2019) • Lisa A. Dunner, Managing Partner, Dunner Law PLLC, Washington, D.C. (term ends December 1, 2018) • Elisabeth Escobar, Vice President and Senior Counsel, Marriott International, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland (term ends December 1, 2020) • Anne Gilson LaLonde, Author, Gilson on Trademarks, South Burlington, Vermont (term ends December 1, 2020) • Mei-lan Stark, Senior Vice President and Chief Counsel Intellectual Property, NBCUniversal Media, LLC, Universal City, California (term ends December 1, 2018) I-1495934.6 • Ilene B. Tannen, Of Counsel, Jones Day, New York, New York (term ends December 1, 2019) • Donna A. Tobin, Partner and Co-Chair of the Trademark & Brand Management Group and Member of the Litigation Group, Frankfurt, Kurnit, Klein & Selz, PC, New York, New York (term ends December 1, 2020) • Brian Winterfeldt, Principal, Winterfeldt IP Group, Washington, D.C. and New York, New York (term ends December 1, 2019) In addition to the above voting members, the following people are non-voting TPAC members representing the membership of USPTO unions: • Harold Ross of the National Treasury Employees Union (“NTEU”) Chapter 243 • Howard Friedman of NTEU Chapter 245 • Tamara Kyle of the Patent Office Professional Association During FY 2018, there were five TPAC subcommittees:
Recommended publications
  • Domain Privacy Services and Contributory Copyright Infringement
    Loyola of Los Angeles Entertainment Law Review Volume 31 Number 1 Article 2 9-22-2010 Unmasking the Mask-Maker: Domain Privacy Services and Contributory Copyright Infringement Paulo André de Almeida Loyola Law School Los Angeles, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/elr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Paulo André de Almeida, Unmasking the Mask-Maker: Domain Privacy Services and Contributory Copyright Infringement, 31 Loy. L.A. Ent. L. Rev. 27 (2010). Available at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/elr/vol31/iss1/2 This Notes and Comments is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews at Digital Commons @ Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. It has been accepted for inclusion in Loyola of Los Angeles Entertainment Law Review by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. For more information, please contact [email protected]. UNMASKING THE MASK-MAKER: DOMAIN PRIVACY SERVICES AND CONTRIBUTORY COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT “Domain privacy services” are online services that protect the ano- nymity of their website-operating customers. Typically, the privacy service registers a domain name on behalf of its website-operating customer, and then leases the domain name back to the customer. The customer retains the right to use and control the domain, while the privacy service holds it- self out as the true owner through the registrar’s WHOIS database. Copy- right-infringing website owners prefer this arrangement to avoid prosecu- tion by forcing aggrieved copyright holders to first contact the listed privacy service, which typically refuses to reveal the identity of the alleged infringer.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Trademark Law and Practice
    WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION INTRODUCTION TO TRADEMARK LAW & PRACTICE THE BASIC CONCEPTS A WIPO TRAINING MANUAL GENEVA 1993 (Second Edition) ( ( WIPO PUBLICATION No 653 (El ISBN 92-805-0167-4 WIPO 1993 PREFACE The present publication is the second edition of a volume of the same title that was published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) in 1987 and reprinted in 1990. The first edition was written by Mr. Douglas Myall, former Assistant Registrar of Trade Marks, United Kingdom. The present revised edition of the publication has been prepared by Mr. Gerd Kunze, Vevey, Switzerland, and reflects his extensive expertise and experience in the administration of the trademark operations of a large international corporation, Nestle S. A., as well as his intensive involvement, as a leading representative of several international non-governmental organizations, in international meetings convened by WIPO. This publication is intended to provide a practical introduction to trademark administration for those with little or no experience of the subject but who may have to deal with it in an official or business capacity. Throughout the text, the reader is invited to answer questions relating to the text. Those questions are numbered to correspond to the answers that are given, with a short commentary, in Appendix I. Arpad Bogsch Director General World Intellectual Property Organization February 1993 ( ( LIST OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1. TRADEMARKS AND OTHER SIGNS: A GENERAL SURVEY 7 1.1 Use of trademarks in commerce . 9 1.2 What is a trademark?. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 9 1.3 Need for legal protection .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10 1.4 How can a trademark be protected? .
    [Show full text]
  • I Trademark Classification
    APPENDIX I I Trademark Classification • Goods o Class 1 Chemicals used in industry, science and photography, as well as in agriculture, horticulture and forestry; unprocessed artificial resins, unprocessed plastics; manures; fire extinguishing compositions; tempering and soldering prepara­ tions; chemical substances for preserving foodstuffs; tanning substances; adhesives used in industry. o Class 2 Paints, varnishes, lacquers; preservatives against rust and against deterioration of wood; colorants; mordants; raw natural resins; metals in foil and powder form for painters, decorators, printers and arts. o Class 3 Bleaching preparations and other substances for laundry use; cleaning, polishing, scouring and abrasive preparations; soaps; perfumery, essential oils, cosmetics, hair lotions; dentifrices. o Class 4 Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; dust absorbing, wetting and binding compositions; fuels (including motor spirit) and illuminates; candles, wicks. o Class 5 Pharmaceutical, veterinary and sanitary preparations; dietetic substances adapted for medical use, food for babies; plasters, materials for dressings; material for stopping teeth, dental wax; disinfectants; preparations for destroying vermin; fungicides, herbicides. 112 Trademark Classification 113 o Class 6 Common metals and their alloys; metal building materials; transportable buildings of metal; materials of metal for railway tracks; non-electric cables and wires of common metal; ironmongery, small items of metal hardware; pipes and tubes of metal; safes; goods of
    [Show full text]
  • MAKING a MARK an Introduction to Trademarks for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
    Intellectual Property for Business Series Number: 1 MAKING A MARK An Introduction to Trademarks for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION Publications in the “Intellectual Property for Business” series: 1. Making a Mark: An Introduction to Trademarks for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises. WIPO publication No. 900. 2. Looking Good: An introduction to Industrial Designs for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises. WIPO publication No. 498. 3. Inventing the Future: An introduction to Patents for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises. WIPO publication No. 917. 4. Creative Expression: An introduction to Copyright for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises. WIPO publication No. 918 (forthcoming). All publications available from the WIPO e-bookshop at: www.wipo.int/ebookshop Disclaimer: The information contained in this guide is not meant as a substitute for professional legal advice. Its purpose is to provide basic information on the subject matter. www.wipo.int/sme/ WIPO Copyright (2006) No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronically or mechanically, except as permitted by law, without written permission from the owner of the copyright. Preface This guide is the first in a series of guides on “Intellectual Property for Business.” It is devoted to trademarks, a central element in the marketing and branding strategy of any company. This guide seeks to explain trademarks from a business perspective. Its approach is practical and explanations are illustrated with examples and pictures to enhance the reader’s understanding. Small and Medium-sized Entreprises (SMEs) are encouraged to use the guide with a view to integrating their trademark strategy into their overall business strategy.
    [Show full text]
  • Determining the Location of Injury for New York's Long Arm Statute in an Infringement Claim
    Touro Law Review Volume 29 Number 4 Annual New York State Constitutional Article 7 Issue March 2014 Determining the Location of Injury for New York's Long Arm Statute in an Infringement Claim Stefan Josephs Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.tourolaw.edu/lawreview Part of the Civil Procedure Commons, Intellectual Property Law Commons, and the Internet Law Commons Recommended Citation Josephs, Stefan (2014) "Determining the Location of Injury for New York's Long Arm Statute in an Infringement Claim," Touro Law Review: Vol. 29 : No. 4 , Article 7. Available at: https://digitalcommons.tourolaw.edu/lawreview/vol29/iss4/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ Touro Law Center. It has been accepted for inclusion in Touro Law Review by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ Touro Law Center. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Determining the Location of Injury for New York's Long Arm Statute in an Infringement Claim Cover Page Footnote 29-4 This article is available in Touro Law Review: https://digitalcommons.tourolaw.edu/lawreview/vol29/iss4/7 Josephs: Determining the Location of Injury DETERMINING THE LOCATION OF INJURY FOR NEW YORK’S LONG ARM STATUTE IN AN INFRINGEMENT CLAIM COURT OF APPEALS OF NEW YORK Penguin Group (USA) Inc. v. American Buddha1 (decided March 24, 2011) I. INTRODUCTION The Internet’s explosive growth has pressed the courts to ad- dress novel issues and revisit some well-settled ones.2 In particular, the Internet’s universal accessibility
    [Show full text]
  • MAKING a MARK an Introduction to Trademarks for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Malawi Publications in the “Intellectual Property for Business” Series
    Intellectual Property for Business Series Number: 1 MAKING A MARK An Introduction to Trademarks for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Malawi Publications in the “Intellectual Property for Business” series: 1. Making a Mark: An Introduction to Trademarks for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Malawi. Department of Registrar General, publication No. 001. 2. Looking Good: An introduction to Industrial Designs for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Malawi. Department of Registrar General, publication No. 002. 3. Inventing the Future: An introduction to Patents for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Malawi. Department of Registrar General, publication No. 003. 4. Creative Expression: An introduction to Copyright for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Malawi. Department of Registrar General, publication No. 004. All publications available from the Department of Registrar General, Fatima Arcade, P.O. Box 100, Blantyre, Tel: 01 824355/795, Fax: 01 821686, E-mail: [email protected] Disclaimer: ‘This publication has been customized and reproduced with the prior express permission of the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), the copyright owner of the original English version, which is available at www.wipo.int/sme/en/documents/guides/. As such, WIPO is not liable or responsible for the accuracy or correctness of the customized version of the publication, as that liability or responsibility rests solely with the Department of the Registrar General, Ministry of Justice of Malawi. “Department of the Registrar General, Ministry of Justice of Malawi (2011)”. WIPO owns copyright in the original English language version (2006). P' reface Until recently, Intellectual Property has been viewed as luxury by industry and in particular, by the Small and Medium-sized Entreprizes (SMEs).
    [Show full text]
  • Trademark Status and Trademark Registration Faqs,How to Check Trademark Status?,Step by Step Guide for Ipindia Trademark Search
    Trademark status and Trademark registration FAQs In this article, We are going to discuss various FAQs related to trademark registration and trademark FAQs. For detailed FAQs on Trademark search in India, you can check out these links : FAQs on trademark search part1 and part 2. Q – What are the different steps involved in trademark registration in India? A – Steps involved in trademark registration in India are – Search of trademark Filing of trademark application Examination of trademark application by authority Post Examination opposition from general public Registration of trademark Q – What id trademark search? A – Trademark search is one of the most important steps in trademark registration. It is a part of due diligence to search for a brand name or a keyword that already has not been trademarked by some other firm. Q – How to file trademark applications? A – Trademark application can be filed both online as well as offline mode. Trademark applications should be supported with mandatory documents. It is also important to file trademark applications in relevant classes or classes. Q – Who will examine trademark application? A – Your trademark application is reviewed by a trademark examiner post filing of trademark application with relevant documents. This examination is done under the guidelines issued under Trademarks Act, 2016. A mandatory examination report has to be sent to the applicant within 30 days of trademark application filing. Q – Can trademark examiner reject trademark application? A – Yes, trademark examiner has full authority to reject a trademark application at outset. Examiner can also raise objections in his examination report. Applicants need to reply to these objections within 30 days.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of the 1999 Trademark Decisions of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit Stephen R
    American University Law Review Volume 49 | Issue 6 Article 4 2000 Review of the 1999 Trademark Decisions of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit Stephen R. Baird Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/aulr Part of the Intellectual Property Commons Recommended Citation Baird, Stephen R. (2000) "Review of the 1999 Trademark Decisions of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit ," American University Law Review: Vol. 49: Iss. 6, Article 4. Available at: http://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/aulr/vol49/iss6/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Washington College of Law Journals & Law Reviews at Digital Commons @ American University Washington College of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in American University Law Review by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ American University Washington College of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Review of the 1999 Trademark Decisions of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit Keywords Trademark, Court of Appeals, Federal Circuit, Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) This article is available in American University Law Review: http://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/aulr/vol49/iss6/4 BAIRDJCI.DOC 6/19/2001 10:51 AM AREA SUMMARIES REVIEW OF THE 1999 TRADEMARK DECISIONS OF THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FEDERAL CIRCUIT * STEPHEN R. BAIRD TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction...................................................................................1322 I. The Federal Circuit Addresses Procedural Issues ................1323 A. Standard of Review........................................................1324 B. Standing to Oppose an “Immoral” or “Scandalous” Mark ..............................................................................1326 C.
    [Show full text]
  • Foreign Language Trademarks in Japan: the Linguistic Challenge
    University of Miami International and Comparative Law Review Volume 1 Issue 1 THE UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI YEARBOOK Article 13 OF INTERNATIONAL LAW VOLUME 1 1-1-1991 Foreign Language Trademarks in Japan: The Linguistic Challenge Rosalynn Frank Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.miami.edu/umiclr Part of the Comparative and Foreign Law Commons, and the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Rosalynn Frank, Foreign Language Trademarks in Japan: The Linguistic Challenge, 1 U. Miami Int’l & Comp. L. Rev. 206 (1991) Available at: https://repository.law.miami.edu/umiclr/vol1/iss1/13 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at University of Miami School of Law Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Miami International and Comparative Law Review by an authorized editor of University of Miami School of Law Institutional Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FOREIGN LANGUAGE TRADEMARKS IN JAPAN: THE LINGUISTIC CHALLENGE ROSALYNN FRANK* SUMMARY I. INTRODUCTION II. THE JAPANESE LANGUAGE III. JAPANESE TRADEMARK LAW A. THE BASICS B. LINGUISTIC SIMILARITY IV. USE OF A TRADEMARK V. EXAMPLE ANALYSIS VI. CAUTIONS VII. CONCLUSION I. INTRODUCTION As international commerce increases, foreign businesses need to become familiar with the different laws under which they will deal and be held accountable.' The protection of intellectual property rights is one of the most important issues arising in the context of international transactions, particularly in the Japanese market, which is prone to copying and imitation.2 In essence, trademarks are significant because they identify the origin of goods.
    [Show full text]
  • Trademarkguide a GUIDE to TRADEMARK REGISTRATION & PROTECTION in THAILAND TRADEMARKGUIDE a GUIDE to TRADEMARK REGISTRATION and PROTECTION in THAILAND
    TRADEMARKGuide A GUIDE TO TRADEMARK REGISTRATION & PROTECTION IN THAILAND TRADEMARKGUIDE A GUIDE TO TRADEMARK REGISTRATION AND PROTECTION IN THAILAND INTRODUCTION This publication is meant as a guide to the registration and protection of trademarks in Thailand. It is designed to help applicants obtain trademark protection in Thailand. DISCLAIMER This guide does not cover every issue and you should not regard this guide as an authoritative statement on the relevant procedure and trademark law. Requirements may also change from time to time and while we make every effort to ensure the information presented is accurate, you should check with us or with a legal practitioner experienced in Thai trademark law before relying on the information. We assume no obligation or liability for damage arising out of the use, or inability to use, the information provided. Every effort is made to keep this information up to date. However, errors and omissions may occur. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Franck Fougere is Managing Partner of Ananda Intellectual Property and has been practicing in Thailand since 2003. His practice area includes patent prosecution, anti-counterfeiting and litigation. He graduated from Institut d’Etudes Politiques (Strasbourg) in France and College of Europe (Bruges) in Belgium and trained with a major international law firm before moving to Thailand. In addition to servicing several high profile multinational corporations in Europe, China, and Southeast Asia, Franck is a frequent speaker of cutting-edge IP issues at professional symposiums and conferences. A recognized expert, Franck is a regular lecturer in patent law for the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and an advisor to the European Union (ECAP) and to the French Government on IP issues.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2019
    TRADEMARK PUBLIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE ANNUAL REPORT 2019 UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction. .......................................................................................................................... 1 II. Report Highlights. ................................................................................................................. 2 A. Transitions within the USPTO. ....................................................................................... 2 B. Public Meetings and Hearing. .......................................................................................... 3 C. Trademark Operations. .................................................................................................... 3 D. IT and E-Government Issues. .......................................................................................... 3 E. Budget and Funding Issues. ............................................................................................. 4 F. Trademark Trial and Appeal Board. .............................................................................. 4 G. Policy and International Affairs. ..................................................................................... 4 III. Discussion of Specific Issues. ................................................................................................ 5 A. Trademark Operations Performance. ............................................................................ 5 1. Performance Statistics. ................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • MODULE 02. Trademarks and Industrial Designs
    MODULE 02 Trademarks and Industrial Designs MODULE 02. Trademarks and Industrial Designs OUTLINE LEARNING POINT 1: Trademarks and Industrial Designs for increasing the power of marketing 1. The value of a brand 2. Creating brands through trademark 3. Strengthening brands through industrial design LEARNING POINT 2: Building the Brands 1. Basic rules for selecting a mark 2. Branding strategies 3. Product extension and branding LEARNING POINT 3: How to protect trademark and industrial design 1. The value of registration 2. Basic steps for registration 3. Multi‐protection LEARNING POINT 4: Trademark management 1. How to use trademark 2. Trademark audit INTRODUCTION New goods are appearing on the market daily. What do you pay attention to when you’re going to buy an article? What is it that makes you buy it? Good overall impression, a good brand, attractive design. No one can deny that those are key points that affect customers. For a corporate marketing strategy, the brand and design should be developed to attract customer’s attention and should be legally protected. It is extremely important. Many products that are not attractive to consumer can be seen in the shops. In this module, we’re going to look at the importance of trademarks and designs and how to use them in your marketing strategy. LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. You understand the basics of trademarks and industrial designs and their impact on business. 2. You know how to create a trademark and how to use and manage it within your business. 3. You know the role played by designs in reinforcing brand power and you know how to apply it to your business.
    [Show full text]