DOCSLIB.ORG

An Abstract of the Dissertation Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
An Abstract of the Dissertation Of AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF Casey A. Matney for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Rangeland Ecology and Management presented on May 28, 2010. Title: An Assessment of Plant Community Structure, Herbivory, Soils, and State- and-Transition Theory on a Winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata [Pursh] A.D.J. Meeuse & Smit) Ecological Site Abstract approved: __________________________________________________________________ Tamzen K. Stringham State-and-transition models (STMs) have been successfully used to describe ecological dynamics in woodlands, shrublands, grasslands, and several other ecosystems. Changes in vegetation and soil are measured to gauge and predict plant community dynamics within ecological states and transitions between alternative ecological states. Ecological states and their boundaries are defined by a range of variability in vegetation and soil parameters. The ecological site classification system used in the United States requires the development of a unique STM model for each defined ecological site. The foundation of the ecological site concept is the estimation and quantification of a historical reference plant community. Historical information, land manager experience, and scientific data are used to quantify the historical reference plant community and gauge changes towards alternative stable states. In regards to winterfat plant communities and the Silty 6-10 PZ ecological site, conceptual STMs have not been fully developed or tested. The objective of this study was to develop, test, and refine a process-based, data supported, STM for the Silty 6-10 PZ ecological site. The predominant factor of disturbance on this ecological site for the last 100 years has been grazing by livestock. To develop the process-based STM for the ecological site, we conducted a piosphere study centered on a livestock watering point and a five-year grazing exclosure study. With these two studies we were able to quantify the resilience of the ecological site when protected from disturbance (exclosure study) and also to quantify the trends of the ecological site when under a continued grazing disturbance (piosphere study). We used the information gathered from both of these studies to refine the STM. The four strongest factors that indicated differences between ecological states were amount of biological soil crust, soil surface aggregate stability, density of winterfat, and frequency of Indian ricegrass. Data from this study supported the initial proposed STM for the Silty 6-10 PZ ecological site. States defined were a Reference Winterfat State (State 1), Sickle Saltbush State (State 2), and a Creeping Wildrye State (State 3). Each ecological state corresponds to a site characterized by high, moderate, and low ecological functioning, respectively. © Copyright by Casey A. Matney May 28, 2010 All Rights Reserved An Assessment of Plant Community Structure, Herbivory, Soils, and State-and- Transition Theory on a Winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata [Pursh] A.D.J. Meeuse & Smit) Ecological Site by Casey A. Matney A DISSERTATION Submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Presented May 28, 2010 Commencement June 2011 Doctor of Philosophy dissertation of Casey A. Matney presented on May 28, 2010 APPROVED: __________________________________________________________________ Major Professor, representing Rangeland Ecology and Management __________________________________________________________________ Head of the Department of Rangeland Ecology and Management __________________________________________________________________ Dean of the Graduate School I understand that my dissertation will become part of the permanent collection of Oregon State University libraries. My signature below authorizes release of my dissertation to any reader upon request. __________________________________________________________________ Casey A. Matney, Author ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank all of the people that supported and inspired me during my doctoral study at Oregon State University. First and foremost I wish to thank my major professor Dr. Tamzen Stringham for her support and expertise. Her guidance and encouragement allowed me to complete this research project and doctoral degree. Next, my committee members; Steven Petersen, Jay Noller, John Buckhouse, and Cynthia Ocamb, your insights improved the final product and for that I am indebted to you. I acknowledge the Roaring Springs Ranch, especially ranch manager Stacy Davies, for putting up with me and providing the opportunity to use their land as my research platform. I would like to thank the Department of Rangeland Ecology and Management for their continued financial support. Additionally, I would like to thank my colleagues and the staff within the department for your support and friendships. It is an honor for me to thank my family; Stevie, Ethan, and Rowan for their love and support, late nights, and for giving me a life away from the writing; this dissertation would have been impossible without them. I want to thank my father, Rick Matney, for instilling the determination and strong work ethic that was needed to complete this dissertation. The road to my graduate degree was long and I would like to give a special thank you to Jan Rowlee for her financial support. CONTRIBUTION OF AUTHORS Dr. Tamzen Stringham assisted with the data collection, design, and writing of all chapters. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION….......................................... 1 WATERING POINTS AND PIOSPHERES.…………………….... 1 SICKLE SALTBUSH…………………………………….....……... 13 WINTERFAT…………………………………………………...…. 17 CATLOW VALLEY HISTORY…………………………………... 31 RANGELAND MANAGEMENT MODELING TOOL...……….... 39 LITERATURE CITED…………………………………………….. 46 CHAPTER 2: A LONG-TERM HERBIVORY EXCLOSURE STUDY ON A WINTERFAT ECOLOGICAL SITE IN SOUTHEASTERN OREGON…………………………………………………………………... 71 ABSTRACT……………………………………………………...… 71 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………. 72 MATERIALS AND METHODS………………………………..…. 74 RESULTS……………………………………………………..…… 81 DISCUSSION…………………………………………………..….. 102 MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS…………………………….… 110 LITERATURE CITED…………………………………………..… 111 CHAPTER 3: SOIL DYNAMICS, VEGETATION, AND ECOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN RELATION TO DISTANCE FROM A CATTLE WATERING POINT IN THE CATLOW VALLEY OF OREGON…………………………………………….…..…. 119 ABSTRACT……………………………………………………..…. 119 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………. 120 MATERIALS AND METHODS………………………………...… 122 RESULTS………………………………………………………..… 128 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page DISCUSSION…………………………………………………….... 153 MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS………………………………. 162 LITERATURE CITED…………………………………………..… 163 CHAPTER 4: STATE-AND-TRANSITION MODELS FOR A WINTERFAT ECOLOGICAL SITE IN SOUTHEASTERN OREGON…………………………………………………………………... 173 ABSTRACT……………………………………………………...... 173 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………. 173 MATERIALS AND METHODS………………………………..…. 180 RESULTS………………………………………………………..… 193 DISCUSSION…………………………………………………..….. 208 CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………..…. 214 LITERATURE CITED…………………………………………..… 216 CHAPTER 5: GENERAL CONCLUSION…………………………….….. 220 BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………………..….... 226 APPENDIX………………………………………….………………...…… 256 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1.1 Examples of regression model fits to data collected by Valentine (1947). Broken piece linear regression model is displayed by dashed line and natural log model displayed by the solid black line. The red line indicates the outer perimeter of the sacrifice zone………………………………………………..……... 8 1.2 A sickle saltbush (Atriplex falcata [M.E. Jones] Standl.) seedling.………………………………………………….………… 14 1.3 Photo of winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata [Pursh] A.D.J. Meeuse & Smit.) shrubs in the Catlow Valley, OR. Photo taken during May of 2007.…………..………………………………….... 18 1.4 Map of the Catlow Valley and Townsites.………………………… 35 1.5 Dyksterhuis’ 1949 diagram illustrating a quantitative basis for determining range condition. Excerpted from Dyksterhuis’ article in the Journal of Range Management (Dyksterhuis 1949)………… 41 1.6 State-and-transition model display, excerpted from Stringham et al. (2003)……………………………………………………..…. 44 1.7 Revised state-and-transition model, excerpted from Briske et al. (2008)………………………………………………………… 45 2.1 Monthly mean temperature (°C), dashed line, and mean precipitation (mm), solid line, for May 2005 through May 2008. Lines are smoothed interpolations between average monthly values…………………………………………………………..…... 75 2.2 Age frequency histograms for n = 128 shrubs of sickle saltbush (A, top) and winterfat (B, bottom)……………………………..…... 88 3.1 Monthly mean temperature (°C), dashed line, and mean precipitation (mm), solid line, for May 2005 through May 2008. Lines are smoothed interpolations between average monthly values…………………………………………………………….… 123 LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Figure Page 3.2 Layout of radial sampling distances relative to watering point location in the Catlow Valley. …………………………………..... 126 3.3 Mean number of impact penetrometer strikes for the 0 to 5 cm depth zone in relation to distance from a cattle watering point in the Catlow Valley, OR………………………………………….….. 132 3.4 Bulk density (g·cm-3) of the A (A) and Bt2 (B) soil horizons in relation to distance from the cattle watering point in the Catlow Valley, OR.………………………………………………………… 134 3.5 Thickness of the A soil horizon (A), and mean depths (cm) of the A, Bt1, and Bt2 soil horizon interface (B) in relation to distance from the cattle watering point in the Catlow Valley, OR………….. 135 3.6 Mean soil surface
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Response of Selected Plants to Fire on White Sands
    Session D—Ecology of Fire on White Sands Missile Range—Boykin Response of Selected Plants to Fire on 1 White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico 2 Kenneth G. Boykin Abstract Little was known about the ecology, impacts, effects, and history of fire related to many plants and communities within White Sands Missile Range. I began by identifying the known aspects and the gaps in knowledge for White Sands Missile Range. I analyzed existing data available for the Installation taken from the Integrated Training and Area Management (ITAM) program for 1988 to 1999. Burn plots were identified at 34 sites with fires occurring sometime within that 11 yr span. Selected plant species were analyzed to identify the response to fire including change in frequency, cover, and structure. Analysis of data indicated varied responses to fire and identified a need for long term monitoring to account for natural variability. Introduction Fire is a major factor influencing the ecology, evolution, and biogeography of many vegetation communities (Humphrey 1974, Ford and McPherson 1996). In the Southwest, semi-desert grasslands and shrublands have evolved with fires caused by lightning strikes (Pyne 1982, Betancourt and others 1990). Fires have maintained grasslands by reducing invading shrubs (Valentine 1971). The impact these fires have on the ecosystem depends not only on current biological and physical environment but also on past land use patterns (Ford and McPherson 1996). Fires impact communities by affecting species diversity, persistence, opportunistic invading species, insects, diseases, and herbivores. Plant species diversity often increases after fires and some communities are dependent on fire to maintain their structure (Jacoby 1998).
    [Show full text]
  • GOOSEBERRYLEAF GLOBEMALLOW Sphaeralcea Grossulariifolia (Hook
    GOOSEBERRYLEAF GLOBEMALLOW Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Rydb. Malvaceae – Mallow family Corey L. Gucker & Nancy L. Shaw | 2018 ORGANIZATION NOMENCLATURE Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Names, subtaxa, chromosome number(s), hybridization. Rydb., hereafter referred to as gooseberryleaf globemallow, belongs to the Malveae tribe of the Malvaceae or mallow family (Kearney 1935; La Duke 2016). Range, habitat, plant associations, elevation, soils. NRCS Plant Code. SPGR2 (USDA NRCS 2017). Subtaxa. The Flora of North America (La Duke 2016) does not recognize any varieties or Life form, morphology, distinguishing characteristics, reproduction. subspecies. Synonyms. Malvastrum coccineum (Nuttall) A. Gray var. grossulariifolium (Hooker & Arnott) Growth rate, successional status, disturbance ecology, importance to animals/people. Torrey, M. grossulariifolium (Hooker & Arnott) A. Gray, Sida grossulariifolia Hooker & Arnott, Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia subsp. pedata Current or potential uses in restoration. (Torrey ex A. Gray) Kearney, S. grossulariifolia var. pedata (Torrey ex A. Gray) Kearney, S. pedata Torrey ex A. Gray (La Duke 2016). Seed sourcing, wildland seed collection, seed cleaning, storage, Common Names. Gooseberryleaf globemallow, testing and marketing standards. current-leaf globemallow (La Duke 2016). Chromosome Number. Chromosome number is stable, 2n = 20, and plants are diploid (La Duke Recommendations/guidelines for producing seed. 2016). Hybridization. Hybridization occurs within the Sphaeralcea genus.
    [Show full text]
  • A Reciprocal Transplant Experiment with Winterfat (Krascheninnikovia Lanata) Melanie Barnes
    University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository Biology ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations 12-1-2009 The effect of plant source location on restoration success: a reciprocal transplant experiment with winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata) Melanie Barnes Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds Recommended Citation Barnes, Melanie. "The effect of plant source location on restoration success: a reciprocal transplant experiment with winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata)." (2009). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/4 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biology ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The effect of plant source location on restoration success: a reciprocal transplant experiment with winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata) BY Melanie G. Barnes B.A., Biology, Reed College, 2001 DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Biology The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico December, 2009 DEDICATION In memory of my mother, Georgene Grace Barnes. The completion of this dissertation is also dedicated to my friends and family who have supported me in this endeavor and who taught me many things about life that gave me the perspective I needed to complete this work. I would like to thank Heather Simpson, Jerusha Reynolds, Terri Koontz, Nathan Abrahamson, Jeremy Barlow, Brittany Barker, Laura Calabrese, Jennifer Hollis, Maureen Peters, Helen Barnes, and Tom Barnes. Finally, I want to thank Lisa for her love and emotional support; it means the world to me.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Biogeography of the Pleistocene Holarctic Steppe and Semi-Desert Goosefoot Plant Krascheninnikovia Ceratoides
    Flora 262 (2020) 151504 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Flora journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/flora Phylogeny and biogeography of the Pleistocene Holarctic steppe and semi- desert goosefoot plant Krascheninnikovia ceratoides T Anna Seidla,*, Ernesto Pérez-Collazosb, Karin Tremetsbergera, Mark Carinec, Pilar Catalánb, Karl-Georg Bernhardta a Institute of Botany, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria b Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca, Universidad de Zaragoza, Ctra. Cuarte Km 1, 22071 Huesca, Spain c Natural History Museum, Cromwell Rd, Kensington, London SW7 5BD, UK ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Edited by: Chennai Guest Editor Krascheninnikovia ceratoides (Chenopodiaceae) is a steppe and semi-desert plant with two subspecies, K. cer- Keywords: atoides subsp. ceratoides, which is widespread in Eurasia, and K. ceratoides subsp. lanata, which grows in western Altai Mountains and central North America. A few disjunct populations of K. ceratoides subsp. ceratoides are found in Anatolia, Irano-Turanian element Europe and North Africa to the west of its otherwise continuous Eurasian distribution. To understand the evo- rDNA and plastid data lutionary history of this characteristic steppe and semi-desert plant, we analysed its phylogeny and biogeo- phylogeography graphy. We sequenced several loci including ITS, ETS and the chloroplast intergenic spacer regions atpB-rbcL, molecular dating rpl32-trnL and trnL-trnF to establish a time-calibrated phylogeny and reconstruct intraspecific relationships. Pleistocene Furthermore, we identified the ploidy level of individuals. While diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid individuals have been reported in the literature, we were only able to find diploids and tetraploids. The diploids were found in the east of Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and the USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Food Habits of Rodents Inhabiting Arid and Semi-Arid Ecosystems of Central New Mexico." (2007)
    University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository Special Publications Museum of Southwestern Biology 5-10-2007 Food Habits of Rodents Inhabiting Arid and Semi- arid Ecosystems of Central New Mexico Andrew G. Hope Robert R. Parmenter Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/msb_special_publications Recommended Citation Hope, Andrew G. and Robert R. Parmenter. "Food Habits of Rodents Inhabiting Arid and Semi-arid Ecosystems of Central New Mexico." (2007). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/msb_special_publications/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Museum of Southwestern Biology at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Special Publications by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY NUMBER 9, pp. 1–75 10 May 2007 Food Habits of Rodents Inhabiting Arid and Semi-arid Ecosystems of Central New Mexico ANDREW G. HOPE AND ROBERT R. PARMENTER1 Special Publication of the Museum of Southwestern Biology 1 CONTENTS Abstract................................................................................................................................................ 5 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Study Sites ..........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Origin and Age of Australian Chenopodiaceae
    ARTICLE IN PRESS Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 5 (2005) 59–80 www.elsevier.de/ode Origin and age of Australian Chenopodiaceae Gudrun Kadereita,Ã, DietrichGotzek b, Surrey Jacobsc, Helmut Freitagd aInstitut fu¨r Spezielle Botanik und Botanischer Garten, Johannes Gutenberg-Universita¨t Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany bDepartment of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA cRoyal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, Australia dArbeitsgruppe Systematik und Morphologie der Pflanzen, Universita¨t Kassel, D-34109 Kassel, Germany Received 20 May 2004; accepted 31 July 2004 Abstract We studied the age, origins, and possible routes of colonization of the Australian Chenopodiaceae. Using a previously published rbcL phylogeny of the Amaranthaceae–Chenopodiaceae alliance (Kadereit et al. 2003) and new ITS phylogenies of the Camphorosmeae and Salicornieae, we conclude that Australia has been reached in at least nine independent colonization events: four in the Chenopodioideae, two in the Salicornieae, and one each in the Camphorosmeae, Suaedeae, and Salsoleae. Where feasible, we used molecular clock estimates to date the ages of the respective lineages. The two oldest lineages both belong to the Chenopodioideae (Scleroblitum and Chenopodium sect. Orthosporum/Dysphania) and date to 42.2–26.0 and 16.1–9.9 Mya, respectively. Most lineages (Australian Camphorosmeae, the Halosarcia lineage in the Salicornieae, Sarcocornia, Chenopodium subg. Chenopodium/Rhagodia, and Atriplex) arrived in Australia during the late Miocene to Pliocene when aridification and increasing salinity changed the landscape of many parts of the continent. The Australian Camphorosmeae and Salicornieae diversified rapidly after their arrival. The molecular-clock results clearly reject the hypothesis of an autochthonous stock of Chenopodiaceae dating back to Gondwanan times.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Space Master Plan for Louisville Owned Parcels
    CITY OF LOUISVILLE OPEN SPACE MASTER PLAN covering the following properties: AQUARIUS CTC DAUGHENBAUGH DAVIDSON MESA LAKE PARK NORTH TAMARISK WAREMBOURG LEON A. WURL WILDLIFE SANCTUARY MISCELLANEOUS January 2004 City of Louisville Department of Land Management and Louisville Open Space Citizens Advisory Board TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF MAPS ...............................................................................................................................2 SUMMARY.....................................................................................................................................3 CLASSIFICATION SUMMARY CHART OF OPEN SPACE LANDS........................................4 1.0 INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................5 1.1 Report Organization.................................................................................................6 2.0 RELEVANT GOALS AND POLICIES..............................................................................6 3.0 MANAGEMENT GOALS AND PROTOCOL ..................................................................6 4.0 LANDSCAPE SETTING AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS.................................8 4.1 Location ....................................................................................................................8 4.2 Climate ......................................................................................................................9 4.3 Topography...............................................................................................................9
    [Show full text]
  • Winterfat Tested Class of Natural Germplasm
    UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE BRIDGER, MONTANA and MONTANA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION BOZEMAN, MONTANA and WYOMING AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION LARAMIE, WYOMING NOTICE OF RELEASE OF OPEN RANGE WINTERFAT TESTED CLASS OF NATURAL GERMPLASM The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Montana and Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Stations announce the release of a ‘Tested Class Germplasm’ of winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata [Pursh] Guldenstaedt, syn. Ceratoides lanata [Pursh] J.T. Howell, syn. Eurotia lanata [Pursh] Moq.), a low growing, shrub, native to the northern Great Plains and Intermountain Desertic Basin. Winterfat has also been referred to as whitesage, lambstail, or sweetsage. This release was evaluated and selected by the USDA-NRCS Plant Materials Center (PMC) at Bridger, Montana. Collection Site Information: Open Range Tested Class Germplasm of winterfat is a composite of three accessions: 9039363 collected near Terry, Montana (Custer County), by D. Grandbois (1985), 9039365 collected near Bridger, Montana (Carbon County), by B. Thompson (1985), and 9039416 collected near Rawlins, Wyoming (Carbon County), by R. Baumgartner (1985). Description: The Open Range release is typical of the species, having the same general morphological and physiological characteristics. Winterfat is a half-shrub measuring 0.3 to 0.75 meters (1.0 to 2.5 ft.) tall. From a woody base, the plants produce numerous erect, annual branches. The stems and leaves are covered with soft, woolly hairs that give the plants a whitish to gray-green appearance. The sessile to short-petioled, lanceolate leaves have enrolled edges and persist through the winter season. The plants are monoecious.
    [Show full text]
  • Second Contribution to the Vascular Flora of the Sevastopol Area
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Wulfenia Jahr/Year: 2015 Band/Volume: 22 Autor(en)/Author(s): Seregin Alexey P., Yevseyenkow Pavel E., Svirin Sergey A., Fateryga Alexander Artikel/Article: Second contribution to the vascular flora of the Sevastopol area (the Crimea) 33-82 © Landesmuseum für Kärnten; download www.landesmuseum.ktn.gv.at/wulfenia; www.zobodat.at Wulfenia 22 (2015): 33 – 82 Mitteilungen des Kärntner Botanikzentrums Klagenfurt Second contribution to the vascular flora of the Sevastopol area (the Crimea) Alexey P. Seregin, Pavel E. Yevseyenkov, Sergey A. Svirin & Alexander V. Fateryga Summary: We report 323 new vascular plant species for the Sevastopol area, an administrative unit in the south-western Crimea. Records of 204 species are confirmed by herbarium specimens, 60 species have been reported recently in literature and 59 species have been either photographed or recorded in field in 2008 –2014. Seventeen species and nothospecies are new records for the Crimea: Bupleurum veronense, Lemna turionifera, Typha austro-orientalis, Tyrimnus leucographus, × Agrotrigia hajastanica, Arctium × ambiguum, A. × mixtum, Potamogeton × angustifolius, P. × salicifolius (natives and archaeophytes); Bupleurum baldense, Campsis radicans, Clematis orientalis, Corispermum hyssopifolium, Halimodendron halodendron, Sagina apetala, Solidago gigantea, Ulmus pumila (aliens). Recently discovered Calystegia soldanella which was considered to be extinct in the Crimea is the most important confirmation of historical records. The Sevastopol area is one of the most floristically diverse areas of Eastern Europe with 1859 currently known species. Keywords: Crimea, checklist, local flora, taxonomy, new records A checklist of vascular plants recorded in the Sevastopol area was published seven years ago (Seregin 2008).
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix C: Vegetation Management Biozones See District-Specific Posters for More Detailed Biozone Location Information
    Appendix C: Vegetation Management Biozones See District-specific posters for more detailed biozone location information. The following pages give details on each biozone. Contact Roadside Resources to receive a biozone poster if your office does not have one available. 59 CONIFER FOREST • Needleleaf evergreen trees dominate in this biozone • Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) is the most common tree species, occurring at the lower elevations • Occasionally found at the lower elevations are the deciduous trees Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) and New Mexico locust (Robinia neomexicana). • The most common mid- elevation conifer is Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). • Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) and other spruces are found at the higher elevations of the conifer forest. Temperature • Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) fills a 100 niche role in vegetational succession, appearing after fire or other forest 80 disturbance 60 Average Maximum Temperature (F) • Shrubs, grasses, and forbs are not common 40 in the understory, but may occur in natural Average Minimum Temperature (F) openings and at the edge of the forest 20 Freezing (F) • Mountain slopes, high plateaus, as well as 0 canyons, support conifer forest vegetation Jan Oct Apr Feb July Dec Aug Nov Mar May Sept • Soils found within this biozone include June Month andesite, basalt, granite, limestone, and Precipitation sandstone 25 • Elevations range from 3,900 to 8,300 feet • Summer precipitation (July, August, 20 Average Total September) accounts for nearly half of the Precipitation
    [Show full text]
  • European Glacial Relict Snails and Plants: Environmental Context of Their Modern Refugial Occurrence in Southern Siberia
    bs_bs_banner European glacial relict snails and plants: environmental context of their modern refugial occurrence in southern Siberia MICHAL HORSAK, MILAN CHYTRY, PETRA HAJKOV A, MICHAL HAJEK, JIRI DANIHELKA, VERONIKA HORSAKOV A, NIKOLAI ERMAKOV, DMITRY A. GERMAN, MARTIN KOCI, PAVEL LUSTYK, JEFFREY C. NEKOLA, ZDENKA PREISLEROVA AND MILAN VALACHOVIC Horsak, M., Chytry, M., Hajkov a, P., Hajek, M., Danihelka, J., Horsakov a,V.,Ermakov,N.,German,D.A.,Ko cı, M., Lustyk, P., Nekola, J. C., Preislerova, Z. & Valachovic, M. 2015 (October): European glacial relict snails and plants: environmental context of their modern refugial occurrence in southern Siberia. Boreas, Vol. 44, pp. 638–657. 10.1111/bor.12133. ISSN 0300-9483. Knowledge of present-day communities and ecosystems resembling those reconstructed from the fossil record can help improve our understanding of historical distribution patterns and species composition of past communities. Here, we use a unique data set of 570 plots explored for vascular plant and 315 for land-snail assemblages located along a 650-km-long transect running across a steep climatic gradient in the Russian Altai Mountains and their foothills in southern Siberia. We analysed climatic and habitat requirements of modern populations for eight land-snail and 16 vascular plant species that are considered characteristic of the full-glacial environment of central Europe based on (i) fossil evidence from loess deposits (snails) or (ii) refugial patterns of their modern distribu- tions (plants). The analysis yielded consistent predictions of the full-glacial central European climate derived from both snail and plant populations. We found that the distribution of these 24 species was limited to the areas with mean annual temperature varying from À6.7 to 3.4 °C (median À2.5 °C) and with total annual precipitation vary- ing from 137 to 593 mm (median 283 mm).
    [Show full text]
  • List of Plants for Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve
    Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve Plant Checklist DRAFT as of 29 November 2005 FERNS AND FERN ALLIES Equisetaceae (Horsetail Family) Vascular Plant Equisetales Equisetaceae Equisetum arvense Present in Park Rare Native Field horsetail Vascular Plant Equisetales Equisetaceae Equisetum laevigatum Present in Park Unknown Native Scouring-rush Polypodiaceae (Fern Family) Vascular Plant Polypodiales Dryopteridaceae Cystopteris fragilis Present in Park Uncommon Native Brittle bladderfern Vascular Plant Polypodiales Dryopteridaceae Woodsia oregana Present in Park Uncommon Native Oregon woodsia Pteridaceae (Maidenhair Fern Family) Vascular Plant Polypodiales Pteridaceae Argyrochosma fendleri Present in Park Unknown Native Zigzag fern Vascular Plant Polypodiales Pteridaceae Cheilanthes feei Present in Park Uncommon Native Slender lip fern Vascular Plant Polypodiales Pteridaceae Cryptogramma acrostichoides Present in Park Unknown Native American rockbrake Selaginellaceae (Spikemoss Family) Vascular Plant Selaginellales Selaginellaceae Selaginella densa Present in Park Rare Native Lesser spikemoss Vascular Plant Selaginellales Selaginellaceae Selaginella weatherbiana Present in Park Unknown Native Weatherby's clubmoss CONIFERS Cupressaceae (Cypress family) Vascular Plant Pinales Cupressaceae Juniperus scopulorum Present in Park Unknown Native Rocky Mountain juniper Pinaceae (Pine Family) Vascular Plant Pinales Pinaceae Abies concolor var. concolor Present in Park Rare Native White fir Vascular Plant Pinales Pinaceae Abies lasiocarpa Present
    [Show full text]