1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5875 Mr. RUSSELL: Committee on Claims. H. R. faithful to Thy people in every age, in­ calling en route at Savannah, Ga., and Key 3030. A bill for the relief of Gertrude spire us to be defenders of the weak, pro­ West, Fla. She returned to New York in Ricketts; with amendment (Rept. No. 908). tectors of the oppressed, and the might April, and in August 1919 was transferred Referred to the Committee of the Whole from the Atlantic Fleet to submarine base, Bouse. of a great rock in a weary world. In our New London, Conn. She remained attached Mr. SAUTHOFF: Committee on Claims. Redeemer's name. Amen. to New London, conducting the usual exer­ H. R. 3943. A bill for the relief of Mr. and The Journal of the proceedings of yes­ cises, torpedo firing, submerged training, Mrs. J. W. Johns; without amendment (Rept. terday was read and approved. engineering runs, etc., including the regular No. 909). Referred to the Committee of docking periods and overhauls, a cruise to the Whole House. THE SUBMARINE 0-9 Bermuda, special short trips for recruiting, a Mr. FOGARTY: Committee on Claims. Mr. VINSON of Georgia. Mr. Speak­ cruise with her division to Cuban waters and H. R. 4019. A bill for the relief of John J. er, I submit a privileged report from the St. Thomas, V. I., early in 1922. Jenkins; without amendment (Rept. No. In October 1922 her location was changed 910). Referred to the Committee of the Naval Affairs Committee on House Reso­ to submarine base, Coco Solo, C. Z. She Whole House. lution 250. remained there engaged in routine subma­ Mr. JENNINGS: Committee on Claims. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report rine operations until Aprll 8, 1929, when she H. R. 4198. A bill for the relief of John King; the resolution. returned to New London, Conn. From there with amendment (Rept. No. 911). Referred The Clerk read as follows: she operated as a unit of ' the submarine to the Committee of the Whole House. school until February 1931, when she pro­ Mr. JENNINGS: Committee on Claims. Resolved, That the Secretary of the Navy Is hereby directed to inform the House of ceeded to Philadelphia and was pla<'ed out H. R. 4803. A bill for the relief of Capt. of commission at the latter place June 25, Franklin R. Sibert; with amendment (Rept. Representatives at the earliest practicable date- 1931. The 0-9 remained out of commission No. 912). Referred to the Committee of at Philadelphia Navy Yard until Apr1114, 1941, the Whole House. 1. The original date of the commissioning of submarine 0-9 and the cost thereof. when she was recommissioned. 2. The date · of the reconditioning of the 4. Such information as may be on file in said submarine 0-9 and the cost thereof. the Navy Department, showing the condition PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS 3. What service was performed by the said of the said submarine 0-9 as to require its Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public submarine 0-9 during World War I and repair and reconditioning for service as an bills and resolutions were introduced and subsequently. undersea vessel. severally referred as follows: 4. Such information as may be on file in There is voluminous information on file in the Navy Department showing condition of the Navy Department setting forth in detail By Mr. LECOMPTE: said submarine 0-9 as to require Its repair the material condition of the 0-9 prior to its H. R. 5253. A bill to provide for the erec­ and reconditioning for eftlcient service as an reconditioning, such as the report of material tion of a memorial to the memory of the undersea vessel. inspection of that vessel held January 15-16, crew of the U. S. S. 0-9; to the Committee Mr. VINSON of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, 1940, by the Board of Inspection and Sur­ on the Library. vey. During the recommissioning overhaul By Mr. WICKERSHAM: I ask unanimous consent that the letter · of the 0-9 there was no curtailment of H. R. 5254. A bill to amend Public Law 74 from the Secretary of the Navy be read funds, time, effort, and tests in its recon­ of the Seventy-seventh Congress, relating to in lieu of the report. ditioning. In addition, all accepted modern wheat marketing quotas under the Agricul­ Tbe SPEAKER. :Without objection, it improvements essential for the safe and ef- tural Adjustment Act of 1938, as amended; ! ' is so ordered. "'~ . ficient operation of a submarine that could to the Committee on Agriculture. The Clerk read as follows: be adopted were incorporated in the 0-9. By Mr. BENNET!': During the recommissioning of the eight ves­ H. R. 5255 (by request). A b1ll providing for DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY, sels of the 0 class, the best test results were the Incorporation of the American Society; OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, obtained on the 0-9. Upon completion of the to the Committee on the Judiciary. Washington, July 5, 1941. recommissioning overhaul on May 31, 1941, By Mr. VINSON of Georgia: The CHAIRMAN, the 0-9, from all official reports, appears to H. R. 5256. A bill authorizing appropria­ Committee on Naval Affairs, have been in a satisfactory material condition tions for the United States Navy, additional House of Representatives, to perform efficient and reliable service as an shipbuilding, ship repair, and ordnance man­ Washington, D. c. MY DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: House Resolution undersea vesseL Following completion of the ufacturing facilities, and for other purposes; recommissio.nlng overhaul, the 0-9 proceeded to the Committee on Naval Affairs. 250 "requesting the Secretary of the Navy to to New London, Conn., where she was en­ supply Congress with all data on submarine gaged for 5 weeks in post recommissioning 0-9" was referred to the Navy Department by trials and training. She conducted intensive your committee with request for reply. diving exercises in preparation for full readi­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The information requested in the resolu­ ness for service. One of the tests to be con­ tion is as follows: ducted was the deep-submergence test, and WEDNESDAY, JULY 9, 1941 1. The original date of the commissioning it was while conducting such test that the of the submarine Q-9 and the cost thereof. ship was lost. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. The submarine 0-9 was originally commis­ sioned July 27, 1918. The contract cost of The following excerpts from a recent report The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera Mont­ hull and machinery was $598,554.20. of Rear Admiral R. S. Edwards, United States gomery, D. D.,· offered the following 2. The date of recommissioning of the satd Navy, commander of submarines, Atlantic, prayer: submarine 0-9 and the cost thereof. The bearing on this subject, is quoted below: 0 Thou whose feet have climbed life's submarine 0-9 was recommissioned April 14, "Commanding ofiicer reports the existence hill, make us men of vision, guide and 1941, and completed its recommissioning of minor leaks during initial dive. This overhaul May 31, 1941. The total cost of the leakage has been usual in recommissioned confirm our wills to a deep sense of re­ t·econditioning of the 0-9 was approximately submarines. In fact, leaks usually exist in sponsibility which we owe our country. $483,603. This figure is subject to slight any submarine after an extensive overhauL Imbue us plenteously with the spirit of changes due to incomplete returns and pos­ They are of no significance. In the case of patience, with fortitude and courage, that sible slight adjustments. the 0-9 It is understood that leakage was we may fulfill to the uttermost our obli­ 3. What service was performed by the said restored to normal (there are always a few gations. We' pray Thee to give us a submarine 0-9 during World War No. 1 and trickles around periscope and shafting) dur­ vision of our supreme tasks, redeeming subsequent? The submarine 0-9 was placed ing the shallow-water diving trials. us from the thralldom of fear, from prej­ in commission at the Navy Yard, Boston, "20 (a). 0-9 was in good condition when Mass., July 27, 1918. She was reported ready she made her last dive. She had experienced udice, and from a11 ·envy. Grant that we ·to go on patrol September 7, 1918. Instead, the minor troubles usual In recommission­ may have access to Thee as our inspira­ after the usual fitting out and trials, she un­ ing vessels, but, so far as is known, there was tion and illumination for all misunder­ derwent Intensive training and torpedo firing nothing to indicate that she was not in safe standing, beholding that which lies be­ at Cold Spring Inlet and New London, Conn. condition. Her state of training was con­ fore us, for those who are to come after, On November 2, 1918, she sailed in company sidered satisfactory for submerged opera­ and bestowing a mantle upon those who with other submarines of her division from tions. may suffer the pangs of injustice. We Newport, R. I., and arrived at Penta Delgada, "(b) Results of deep-submergence tests of rejoice that we have in Thee the source Azores, November 16. In view of the armis­ the seven other vessels of the 0 class show tice having been signed, the submarine .took no indication of inability to withstand pres­ and the disclosure by which freemen can on provisions, stores, fuel, etc., and sailed sure. 0-8 developed a hull leak at 100 feet, emerge from ignorance and vagrancy to for the United States November 21, 1918, stop­ which is being investigated, but it was not knowledge and virtue. ping at Bermuda en route to Charleston, S.C. of sufficient consequence to deter the com­ Heavenly Father, accept the poverty of In February 1919 the Q-9 proceeded to win­ manding officer from going down to 200 feet our gratitude, and as Thou hast been ter maneuvers at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, to complete the test." 5876 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-.. HOUSE JULY 9"

No commitment is made with respect to pose of refunding or redeeming its outsta~d­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the relationship of this report to the pro­ ing 4-percent toll-bridge revenue bonds dated the request of the gentleman from Ken­ gram of the President. July 1, 1934, which were issued to provide tucky [Mr. MAY]? Sincerely yours, funds for the construction· of the bridge au­ There was no objection. JAMES FORRESTAL, thorized by the act of Congress approved Acting. Ju.ne 15, 1933, entitled "An act granting the The Clerk read the statement of the consent of CongreSs to the city of Washington, managers on the part of the House. Mr. VINSON of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, Mo., to construct, maintain, and operate a The conference report and statement the resolution that has just been sub· toll bridge across the Missouri River at or are as follows: mitted to the House calls for information near Washington, Mo.," or in the event that in regard to the sinking of the submarine said city shall extend the maturity date or CONFERENCE REPORT 0-9. The information in the Secretary's dates of said outstanding bonds, the rates The committee of conference on the dis­ letter contains answers to all the inquir· of toll to be charged for the use of said agreeing votes of the two Houses on the ies made in the resolution. bridge shall be so adjusted as to provide a amendment of the Senate to the bill (H. R. Mr. Speaker, I move that the resolution fund sufficient to pay for the reasonable cost 2097) to amend the Tennessee Valley Au­ of maintaining, repairing, and operating said thority Act, as amended, having met, after lie on the table. bridge and its approaches under economical full and free conference, have agreed to The motioil.t was agreed to. management and to provide a fund sufficient recommend and do recommend to their TOLL BRIDGE ACROSS MISSOURI RIVER to pay the principal and interest and the re­ respective Houses as follows: AT WASHINGTON, MO. demption premium, if any, of such toll­ That the House recede from its disagree­ bridge revenue-refunding bonds, or of said ment to the amendment· of the Senate, and The SPEAKER. The Chair recognizes outstanding bonds, as soon as possible under agree to the same with an amendment, as the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. CAN· reasonable charges, but within a period of not follows: In lieu of the Lmguage proposed to NON]. exceeding 20 years from the date of approval be inserted by the Senate amendment, ·insert Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. of this act, and such tolls shall be continued the following: until such payments shall have been made. "By strilting therefrom ·subsection (k) of Speaker, I ask unanimous consent for the_ After such bonds and the interest thereon present consideration of the bill· Pennsylvania. Mr. MICHENER. Will the gentleman Committee of the House of Representatives is Mr. RICH. We want the committee yield? authorized and directed to conduct an inves­ that is appointed by the House to get Mr. MAY. I yield to the gentleman. tigation and survey of the St. Lawrence the facts and not be infiuenced by any­ Mr. MICHENER. Is this a unani­ waterway project. The committee shall report to the House as one in the House and especially by some­ mous report? body at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue. Mr. MAY. ·It is a unanimous report of soon as practicable during the present con­ gress the results of its investigation, together Mr. SABATH. I may say to the gen­ the conferees. with such recommendations as are deemed tleman that this is not a special com­ Mr. MICHENER. How about mem­ desirable. mittee; the resolution merely authorizes bers of the Military Affairs Committee? For the purposes of this resolution the com­ the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, Mr. MAY. The main principle con­ mittee, or any subcommittee thereof, is au­ which has jurisdiction of the matter, to tended for by the Military Affairs Com­ thorized to sit and act during the present mittee has been maintained in the report. Congress at such times and places, whet her make a personal investigation at the site That is to say, on all future conveyances or not the House is sitting, has recessed, or of this proposed waterway. the Tennessee Valley Authority is re­ has adjowned, to hold such hearings, to re­ Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, will the quired to come back to the Congress for quire the attendance of such witnesses and gentleman yield? permission to make sales and for its the production of such books, papers, and Mr. SABATH. I yield to the gentle­ documents, and to take such testimony, as it man from Michigan. approval. deems necessary. Subpenas may be issued Mr. MICHENER. May I ask the gen­ under the signature of the chairman of the Mr. DINGELL. I believe that when tleman from N'ew York [Mr. ANDREWS], committee or any member designated by him the committee reports even the most the ranking minority member, to tell us and may be served by any person designated skeptical will be impressed by the facts what he thinks about this? by such chairman or member. The chair­ themselves. There will be no need what­ Mr. ANDREWS. This is a unanimous man of the committee or . any members ever for any infiuence on the part of the conf·erence report agreed to by the· gen­ thereQf may. aQ.minister oa~hs to witnesses. chairman of the committee. tleman from Missouri [Mr. SHORT] a.nd Mr. SABATH. Mr. Speaker, the Rivers Mr. TABER. Mr. Speaker, will the the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. and Harbors Committee has been hold­ gentleman yield? CLASON]. ing hearings for several weeks on this Mr. SABATH. I yield to the gentle­ Mr. RICH. Will the gentleman yield? matter. Some time ago that committee man from New York. Mr. MAY. I yield to the gentleman. came to the conclusion that it would be Mr. TABER. Does this resolution pro­ Mr. RICH. What attitude is being helpful to its members if they could vide for subpenaing witnesses, or does 'it taken by the House in reference to hav­ make an inspection of the St. Lawrence refer simply to an inspection trip? ing the accounts of the Tenness·ee Val­ waterway project. By unanimous con­ Mr. SABA TH. It gives the committee ley Authority audited by the Comptroller sent of the members of that committee, power to subpena witnesses and obtain General? they asked that they be given the power information from the departments and Mr. MAY. The House committee has to subpena witnesses and to make a per­ elsewhere. had hearings on that matter and the re­ sonal study of the proposed great water­ Mr. TABER. Are we coing to have an port of that committee will be presented way that will be of S'UCh great aid to our investigation traveling all over the coun­ in a day or two, as soon as we get through Nation. I do not suppose there is any try on this matter? I 5878 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JULY 9 Mr. SABATH. - Not all over the coun­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Corps officers that have not been pro­ try. This just refers to the St. Lawrence the request of the gentleman from moted. project. I have the word of a gentleman Georgia? Mr. VINSON of Georgia. I am satis­ in whom the House has complete confi­ Mr. MICHENER. Reserving the right fied in my own mind that if the Supply dence, the able chairman of the great to object, Mr. Speaker, will the gentle­ Corps officers had met the requirements Committee on Rivers and Harbors, the man explain the amendments? exacted of them by the selection board gentleman from Texas [Mr. MANSFIELD], Mr. VINSON of Georgia. Mr. Speak­ they would have been promoted, but, on that this personal investigation may not er, I shall state to the House the pur­ the other hand, the selection board was cost more than $1,500 or $2,000. I believe pose of the amendments. probably too strict in its requirements the members of that committee should be Only one amendment of any impor­ and therefore a great many officers in allowed to make a personal inspection to tance was acted on by the Senate, when the Supply Corps who should have been help them in the discharge of the re­ it struck out what is known as the Ditter promoted were not promoted. sponsibility attaching to them in connec­ amendment, offered by the gentleman Mr. DITTER. If the gentleman will· tion with this important and necessary from Pennsylvania when the bill was be­ yield further, I feel confident that the project. fore the House. This morning the Com­ gentleman will agree with' me that the Mr. TABER. Should every Member of mittee on Naval Affairs had a hearing House should know that the Supply the House go up there to look it over, I and the naval officers testified, and as a Corps officers are the business adminis­ wonder? It is a nice time of year, you result of the hearing the Committee on trative officers of the Navy and that at know. Naval Affairs agreed to the Senate's times their rigid enforcement of business Mr. DONDERO. If t:b.e gentleman will striking out the amendment offered by principles invites the antipathy and the yield, may I say to my good· friend from our distinguished colleague from Penn­ antagonism of some of the line officers. New York that there is no intention of sylvania [Mr. DITTER]. Mr. VINSON of Georgia. That prob­ anyone's going to view this project ex­ Mr. COX. What was that amend­ ably happens sometimes. cept members of the Committee on Rivers ment? Mr. COX. Mr. Speaker, will the gen­ and Harbors. Mr. VINSON of Georgia. The amend­ tleman yield? Mr. SABATH. That is what the reso­ ment provides-- Mr. VINSON of Georgia. I yield. lution provides for, and that is elL This that no temporary promotions shall be made Mr. COX. I would just like to say to is not a proposed junket; it is to be a in any staff corps of the Navy until the au­ the gentleman that in my judgment the personal inspection, to get real, first­ thorized number of permanent officers in secret of the gentleman's remarkable hand information of the sites in question. each grade or rank has been filled. su·ccess in handling legislation is the The SPEAKER. The question is on Mr. DITTER. Mr. Speaker, will the complete frankness with which he always agreeing to the resolution. gentleman yield? expresses himself. The resolution was agreed to. Mr. VINSON of Georgia. I yield to the Mr. VINSON of Georgia. I thank the Mr. KRAMER Mr. Speaker, I offer a gentleman from Pennsylvania. gentleman. privileged resolution from the Committee Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. DITTER. Q.91 +I ,_ cor ectly under­ on Accounts. stand that the gentleman from Georgia gentleman yield? The Clerk read as follows Wisconsin do with the lack of discipline in the De­ ren economic situation our soldiers are partment, and this individual resigned State Legislature since 1925 he visited us finding themselves in. Forced into serv­ quite . often and I learned to admire during the investigation because of the ice with meager compensation, witness­ hostility of the man condu~ting the STEVE then. While we served in the ing their $21 a month salaries diminished Congress together, I became even more investigation, and was out of employment further by deductions for laundry and for a number of years. She was restored attached to him, even though we did not other incidentals, many of these men are always vote the same. to her position as stenographer when compelled to remain in camp when they it was discovered she was absolutely inno­ Today we are returning all that is could be on furlough. Is it not just and mortal of our colleague the Honorable cent of any wrongdoing. Meantime the right, then, in view of their inability to Congress had changed the law to prohibit STEPHEN BOLLES, to his home in Wiscon­ raise money to travel, that they should sin-the State he has claimed so long an individual from advancing to grade 4. be · transported at Uncle Sam's expense If this lady had been permitted to re­ and served so well. to their homes in order to briefly visit When we lose a friend we all search main in her position, she would have the loved ones they have left behind been promoted to grade 4. for an earthly memento of him to pre­ them? serve and cherish. Transient things like This bill has the support of our entire THE A. A. A. PROGRAM committee and it is merely to correct an the warm clasp of a hand., a cheery smile, injustice done to a worthy employee. Mr. TABER. Mr. Speaker, I ask must be held by a memory that clouds The· SPEAKER. Is there objection to unanimous consent to address the House with time. I am fortunate for he left the request of the gentleman from Ohio? for 1 minute. with me a token. There was no objection. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? A few short days ago we were visiting The Clerk read the bill, as follows: There was no objection. during a lull in activity here on the floor. . Mr. TABER. Mr. Speaker, since 1933, We were talking of the strain of serving Be it enacted, etc., That the thirteenth paragraph of section 7 of the act entitled "An the distinguishing characteristic of the during this critical period, and of the act reclassifying the. salaries of postmasters Roosevelt administration has been it~ ad­ criticism that comes from divergent fac­ anc. employees of the Postal Service, readjust­ herence to the principle of double-cross­ tions-not always just. STEVE BoLLEs' ing their salari~s and compensation on an ing everybody who came in contact with long years of training as an editor served equitable basis, increasing postal rates to pro- it. . him well, he always had a ready answer. 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5881 He opened his wallet and handed me a remarks in· the RECORD and to include The SPEAKER. . Without objection, it small white sheet of paper which held therein a resolution passed by the com­ is so ordered. this typewritten message: mon council of the city of Plattsburg, There was no objection. From STEPHEN BoLLES, M. C:, Wisconsin: N. Y., regarding the St. Lawrence sea­ Mr. DAY. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ I am only one, way. mous consent to extend my own remarks But I am one; The SPEAKER. Without objection, it in the RECORD and to include therein a I can't do everything, is so ordered. copy of an address. But I can do something; There was no objection. The SPEAKER. Without objection, And what I can do, it And what I ought to do PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE is so ordered. By the grace of God, I will do. Mr. HOPE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan- There was no objection. -Edward Everett Hale. Mr. CANFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I ask imous consent to address the House for unanimous consent that my colleague, This was his creed; he lived by it and 1 minute. the gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. up to it. This was the epitome of his The SPEAKER. Without objection, it THOMAS] may be permitted to extend his whole philosophy-it is my token. is so ordered. own remarks in the Appendix of the EXTENSION OF REMARKS There was no objection. • RECORD. . [Mr. HOPE addressed the House. His Mr. SAUTHOFF. Mr. Speaker, I ask The SPEAKER. Is there objection to remarks appear in the Appendix of the the request of the gentleman from New unanimous consent to. extend my own re­ RECORD.] marks in the RECORD and to include Jersey [Mr. CANFIELD]? therein a short letter to my constituents, EXTENSION OF REMARKS There was no objection. together with a ballad. Mr. MARTIN J. KENNEDY. Mr. Mr. JENNINGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask The SPEAKER. Without objection, it Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex­ unanimous consent to extend my own re­ is so ordered. tend my own remarks in the RECORD and marks in the RECORD and to include to include therein a resolution adopted. by therein an address delivered by Dr. Clif­ There was no objection. ford E. Barbour, of Knoxville, Tenp. · Mr. BISHOP. Mr. Speaker, I ask the Liquor Authority of the State of New York; and, further, a communication The SPEAKER. Is there objection to unanimous consent to extend my own re­ the request of the gentleman from Ten­ marks in the Appendix of the RECORD. from the Department of Law of the State of New York concerning matters of taxa­ nessee [Mr. JENNINGS]? The SPEAKER. Without objection, it There was no objection. is so ordered. tion. There was no objection. The SPEAKER. Without objection, it PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE is so ordered. Mr. RICH. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani- Mr. GATHINGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask There was no objection. unanimous consent to extend my own mous consent to proceed for 1 minute. Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I ask The SPEAKER. Is there objection to remarks in the RECORD and to include unanimous consent to extend my own re­ therein a letter that appeared in today's the request of the gentleman from Penn­ marks in the RECORD and to include sylvania [Mr. RICH]? Washington Post to the President of the1 , ther€in an address the Most Reverend United States fr_om a patriotic American • b'M There was no objection. Joseph P. Hurley, bishop of St. Augustine, [Mr. RICH addressed the House. His citizen. delivered over the Columbia System net­ The SPEAKER. Without objection, it remarks appear in the Appendix of the works July 6. RECORD.] is so ordered. The SPEAKER. Without objection, it There was no objection. is so ordered. EXTENSION OF REMARKS Mr. PRIEST. Mr. Speaker, I ask There was no objection. Mr. VANZANDT. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to extend my own Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. unanimous consent to insert in the Ap­ remarks in the Appendix of the RECORD Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex­ pendix of the RECORD an address I de­ and to include therein a brief resolution tend my own remarks in the RECORD and livered on the subject of the St. Lawrence adopted by the Associated Master to include therein an address I delivered seaway. Plumbers of the State of Tennessee. on July 3, 1941, before the Townsend na­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to The SPEAKER. Without objection, it tional convention at Buffalo, N. Y. the request of the gentleman from Penn­ is so ordered. The SPEAKER. Without objection, it sylvania (Mr. VAN ZANDT]? There was no objection. is so ordered. There was no objection. Mr. BARRY. Mr. Speaker, I ask There was no objection. (Mr. THOMAS F. FORD asked and unanimous consent to extend my own re­ Mr. FITZPATRICK. Mr. Speaker, I was given permission to extend his own marks in the RECORD and to include ask unanimous consent to extend my own remarks in the RECORD.) therein several extracts from a speech on remarks in the RECORD and to include Mr. O'CONNOR. Mr. Speaker, I ask peace and war made by a prominent at­ therein an address I delivered on the vil­ unanimous consent to extend my own torney in my district. lage green of St. Paul's Church, located at remarks in the REcoRD and to include a The SPEAKER. Without objection, it Mount Vernon, N. Y., on Jul:i· 4, 1941. speech I delivered before the convention is so ordered. of the Townsend Clubs at Buffalo, N. Y., The SPEAKER. Without objection, it last week. There was no objection. is so ordered. Mr. OSMERS. Mr. Speaker, I ask The SPEAKER. Is there objection There was no objection. to the request of the gentleman from unanimous consent to extend my own Mr. FITZPATRICK. Also, Mr. Speak­ remarks in the RECORD and to include Montana [Mr. O'CoNNOR]? er, I ask unanimous consent to extend my There was no objection. therein an editorial from the Hudson own remarks in the RECORD and to in­ Dispatch, of Union City, N.J. Mr. VOORHIS of California. Mr. clude therein a letter I received from Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent for The SPEAKER. Without objection, it Peter Redmond, 557 Palmer Road, Yon­ two extensions of my remarks-one an is so ordered. kers, N.Y., commending the command­ extension of my own remarks and the There was no objection. ing officer and his staff at Fort Devens, other to include an article appearing in PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE Mass. for their courtesy to him when his the St. Louis Post Dispatch. Mr. OSMERS. Mr. Speaker, I ask brother, a draftee assigned to Fort De­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection unanimous consent to address the House vens, was suddenly stricken with a serious to the request of the gentleman from for 1 minute. illness. California [Mr. VOORHIS]? The SPEAKER. Without objection, it The·SPEAKER. Without objection, it There was no objection. is so ordered. is so ordered. Mr. CASEY of Massachusetts. Mr. There was no objection. There was no objection. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to [Mr. OSMERS addressed the House. Mr. SHORT. Mr. Speaker, I ask extend my own remarks in the RECORD His remarks appear in the Appendix of unanimous consent to extend my own re­ and to include an editorial appearing 5"1 the RECORD.] marks in the RECORD by including an edi­ the Washington Post. torial from the Montgomery (Md.) Inde­ 'rhe SPEAKER. Is there objection EXTENSION OF REMARKS pendent, and also by inserting a short to the request of the gentleman from Mr. KILBURN. Mr. Speaker, I ask letter and a brief article by Merell Massachusetts [Mr. CASEY]? unanimous consent to extend my own Dougherty. There was no objection. 5882 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JULY 9 Mr. TOLAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask elude a radio address I delivered last The SPEAKER. Is there objection to unanimous consent to extend mv own Saturday. the request of the gentleman from Mich­ remarks in the RECORD and to include an The SPEAKER. Is there objection to igan? editorial from the Union, of San Diego, the request of the gentleman 'from Ohio There was .no objection. [Mr. SMITH]? calif. PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE The SPEAKER. Is there objection There was no objection. to the request of the gentleman from PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. Speaker, I ask California [Mr. TOLAN]? unanimous consent to address the House There was no objection . . Mr. SMITH of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I for 1 minute. Mr. IZAC. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ ask unanimous consent to address the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to mous consent to extend my own remarks . House for 1 minute. the request of the gentleman from The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Illinois? in the RECORD. t:he request of the gentleman from Ohio The SPEAKER. Is there objection [Mr. SMITH]? , There was no objection. to the request of the gentleman from There was no objection. Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. Speaker, let :q1e California [Mr. lzAcJ? Mr. SMITH of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, the suggest this proposal to the House. Can There was no objection. wheat farmers throughout the country you imagine a contingent of 350 healthy, Mr. THILL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ are rising up in a mighty protest against vigorous young American boys in the mous consent to extend my own remarks the wheat-penalty law. I have never seen United States Army, marching by a in the Appendix of the RECORD and to anything like it. Overnight they are golf course where some girls are playing include a short newspaper article. forming a national organization to make golf in shorts-a contingent so devoid of The SPEAKER. Is there objection effective their protest. the buoyancy and effervescence that to the request of the gentleman from I feel it is the high duty of this Con­ makes the American a great soldier that Wisconsin [Mr. THILL]? gress to give immediate consideration to someone out of that contingent would not There was no objection. the bill which I have introduced for the say, "Hi, girls," or some equally typical salutation; yet precisely because of that ACUTE MISERY AT CAMP FORREST repeal of the wheat-penalty provision. I am asking that the Agriculture Commit­ conduct, a battalion in the Thirty-fifth Mr. BENDER. Mr. Speaker, I ask tee give immediate consideration to this Division at Memphis was disciplined to unaimous consent to proceed for 1 min­ bill. walk 15 miles in 97° temperature by Gen­ ute and to revise and extend my remarks EXTENSION OF REMARKS eral Ben "King" Lear. in the RECORD. I do not know whether public funds Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Speaker, I ask are to be expended so that grouchy, golf­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to unanimous consent to extend my own re­ the request of the gentleman from Ohio ing old generals will develop a lot of marks in the RECORD and include therein "sour puss" soldiers, but for my part I will [Mr. BENDER]? an article from the American Guardian, There was no objection. take the other kind of soldiers whose and also an address I delivered on Inde- youthful effervescence is in the best Mr. BENDER. Mr. Speaker, I am very pendence Day. x:· r.1 glad to see that our drive for the United The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ' tradition of America. They can take Service Organizations is moving along the request of the gentleman from Illi­ that kind of dis.cipline; but I think it is splendidly. From my conversations with nois? in poor form and ill grace for an Army our boys back home on furlough, I fully There was no objection. commander to seek to stifle that spirit recognize the importance and the seri­ Mr. CASE of South Dakota; Mr. of youth. ousness of our recreation problem at every Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex­ LHere the gavel fell.] camp. tend my own remarks in the RECORD on DEFERMENT OF MEN BY AGE GROUPS But this week end I learned of another the subject of the wheat marketing UNDER THE SELECTIVE TRAINING AND problem no less vital to our forces. This quotas, and to include therein a few ex­ SERVICE ACT OF 1940 time it is not a problem of morale. It is cerpts from the debate upon that subject Mr. SMITH of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, a problem of elementary physical health. when the bill was passed in the House on I call up Hou.se Resolution 243, and ask At Camp Forrest, Tenn., I am in­ April 29. for its present consideration. formed, a serious new illness of almost The SPEAKER. Is there objection to The Clerk read the resolution, as fol­ epidemic proportions has broken out. I the request of the gentleman from South lows: call it "dust-bowl throat." Scores of men Dakota? There was no objection. Resolved, That upon the adopt ion of this are finding the fine red dust of Camp resolution it shall be in order to move that Forrest a pretty poor initiation into Army Mr. COFFEE of NE.braska. Mr. the House resolve itself into the Committee life. They are living in acute misery; Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex­ of the Whole House on the state of the and the worst of the entire situation is tend my own remarks in the RECORD Union for consideration of the act (S. 1524) the fact that it is entirely unnecessary. and include therein a letter from Leon to authorize the deferment of men by age I am calling this matter to the atten­ Henderson, Administrator of the Office group or groups under tpe Selective Training tion of Congress and the Army al~thori­ of Price Administration and Civilian and Service Act of 1940, and all points of ties. Not a single day should go by be­ Supply, giving some assurance to the order against said act are hereby waived. livestock producers that no price ceiling That after general debate, which shall fore this problem is tackled and solved. be confined to the act and continue not to It will do the boys at Camp Forrest no will be placed on livestock products. exceed 4 hours, to be equally divided and good to have beautiful recreation facili­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to cont rolled by the chairman and ranking ties if they can enjoy them only from a the request of the gentleman from m inority member of the Committee on Mili­ hospital window. Nebraska? tary Affairs, the act shall be read for amend­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS There was no objection. m ent under the 5-minute rule. It shall be Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I ask in order to consider without the intervention Mr. COX. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ unanimous consent to extend my own of any point of order the substitute commit­ mous consent to extend my own remarks remarks in the RECORD and include tee amendment recommended by the Com­ in the RECORD and to include part of a mittee on Military Affairs now in the act, therein an address delivered by Mr. and such substitute for the purpose of letter that I have received from a corre­ Pierre van Paassen at New York on June amendment shall be considered under the spondent. 25 at the rally organized by the commit­ 5-minut e rule as an original bill. At t h e The SPEAKER. Is tt.ere objection to tee for a Jewish army. conclusion of such consideration the Com­ the request of the gentleman from Gear- · The SPEAKER. Is there objection to mittee shall rise and report the act to the gia [Mr. Cox]? the request of the gentleman from Mich­ House with such amendments as may have There was no objection. igan? been aQ.opted, and any Member may demand lieve that when the Gov­ Let us face the real issue. I am afraid one is for bayonets to break legitimate ernment steps into an employer's plant a great many Members have not grasped strikes or to enslave labor. But if they and says to certain men, "You are the significance of this bill. Not since the are necessary to restrain subversive and . through; you cannot work in this plant," Continental Congress, aftet free debate, dangerously unlawful practices, then the there ought to be any question about the declared that the "United Colonies are, President should have the unquestioned liability of the ~mployer to pay them for. and of right ought to be, free and inde­ power to act. -His is the responsibility. the time they are out of their employ­ pendent States" has the House been con­ I do not want involuntary servitude, or ment because the Government said they fronted with a greater issue. What is anything like it, and I would not be for could not longer work? that issue? Let me answer in one word­ that sort of legislation at all. But I am In criticism of this paragraph it has freedom. Pass this bill and Hitler, with­ for the President having the discretionary been urged that it would permit an em­ out firing a shot, will have won a greater authority during the emergency or in ployer to go ahead and discharge em­ victory than Dunkirk, the fall of France, time of war in the public welfare to use ployees at will, and that thereupon their or the subjugation of Greece, because it the Army and the Navy to maintain law rights to reinstatement under the Labor will be the beginning of the collapse of and order in the defense industries where Act would be destroyed. No one wants the world's mightiest citadel of free­ there has been a break-down of law and an employer to have such authority as dom-free America. order by reason of the inability of local that. Personally, I have been urging for Our situation today is grave-the grav­ police ofilcers to control the situation, some -time that the Labor Act shoUld be est that ever confronted our country. It with the attendant stoppage of defense so amended as to take away from an em­ calls for straight thinking and action production. Who is there that can con­ ployee who engages in willful violence along funda;mental, well-established, tend against that? That is just what the and unlawful destruction and seizure of democratic lines. We are not going to President did in the North American case. property in connection with a labor dis­ pull through if we lose our heads, and in That is just what State Governors used pute the right to be reinstated by order of · a moment of madness or hysteria desert to do with the State militia before it was the Labor Board. But that proposition is our democratic way and supplant free­ inducted into the Federal service. not intended to be injected here, as I dom, reason, and cooperation with. force, Should we permit in this country in understand it. As I read this paragraph, hysteria, and coercion. If we pull through, this crisis a small minority of subversive it is sought only to protect an employer it wiU be in democratic harness. There employees, as they d!d in the North from a demand for back pay by an em­ is no other way, because Americans will American plant in California, to use will­ ployee whose employment has termi­ work in no other harness. You need not ful force and violence, and to engage in nated by direct action of the Govern­ think you can hitch American enterprise the unlawful destruction and seizure of ment, acting through the President and and American labor up to an army mule property, to prevent the overwhelming the Army and Navy. And if that is the· and drive them with an army bayonet. If 1941 ·coNGRESSIONAL-RECORll-HOtJSE 5889 you try it, you will find that they will kick tionable pliraseology, its recitals and ifs and make it a decent place to live on over the traces. and ands, the bill in plain, understand­ pauper labor. Old-age pensions, unem­ In this emergency what we need above able English authorizes the President to ployment insurance, aid to those suffer­ everything else is unity-to unify our take over any plant or factory holding a ing from physical handicaps or from industrial forces, our laboring forces, and defense order and run same by forced whom cruel fate had taken the bread our agricultural forces, and all other labor. It holds the Damocles sword over winner, the wage-and-hour laws, unfair forces into one mighty American force. every industry in America holding a de­ labor practice laws, and collective bar­ To do this, forgetting race, creed, and fense order and denies labor, as in inci­ gaining were things we heard the class, and without force or compulsion, dent to its bargaining power, the funda­ "cranks" and "liberals," as we were wont we have got to get together, pull together, mental right to strike. In a fit of mad­ to call those who entertained progressive work together, and stick together. Com­ ness or war hysteria you are asked to sub­ and enlightened ideas, talk about, but, pulsion and force will never bring about stitute Government control for free en­ according to our rugged· individualism, a unification of our forces. And with­ terprise and erase from the Constitution were things beyond the pale of duty of a out unity-each segment of our popula­ the thirteenth amendment, which pro­ free government to its citizens. tion, freely and without compulsion, hibits involuntary servitude. And why Then came the change. My col­ working and cooperating with the other­ are we asked to do these things? What Jeagues, we have, whether you realize it the outlook is gloomy, if not hopeless. excuse is being offered to motivate us or not, gone through a revolution. A Let us face the facts in a common­ to change the whole philosophy of our peaceable revolution, thank God, but sense way. We have embarked upon a Government? Oh, on the assumption nevertheless a revolution as far reaching glgantic program of national defense. that there is such a conflict between caP­ as if it had been brought about by bullets We embarked upon this program to pro­ ital and labor, that there are so many instead of brains. We revoluted back to tect our freedom, our democracy. It is recalcitrant industries and so many un­ fundamentals, to the teachings found in the greatest, the most ambitious pro­ governable communistic labor organiza­ the Declaration of Independence, the gram we ever embarked upon. As an tions, that it is necessary to clothe the Constitution, and the Holy Bible, epito­ incident to this huge national-defense President with dictatorial powers in order mized in the truth that we are our broth­ program we embarked upon another pro­ for him to successfully carry forward our er's keeper. Without abolishing our sys­ gram, that of giving all-out aid to Great progr::tm of national defense. Did you tem of free enterprise, we broadened and Britain and the other democracies bat­ ever hear of such a monstrous proposi­ liberalized it so that not only the enter­ tling the dictators, and we embarked tion? Hitlerize America in order to prise would be free but those who work upon this second program, commonly withstand being Hitlerized. Whose for the enterprise would also be free. known as the lend-lease program, upon brain child is this monstrous proposal, We polished off some of the rugged­ the belief that in aiding those engaged any way? Certainly it did not emanate ness in our rugged individualism, so that in warfare against the dictators we were from the President. Has he ever com­ the ruggedness could not be used as a strengthening our own national defense municated such a wish or desire to the means of crushing, destroying, or prey­ and thus aiding ourselves. Both of these Congress? Oh, no; not a word or syl- ing upon the less rugged. These programs were adopted after full hear-i - lable. Who ~hen, jumped at the silly changes, as they affect labor, resulted in ings, after free debate, in the regular " conclusion that our industrial labor rela­ the abolition of the sweatshop, putting American way. While there was some tions are so chaotic that both industry a ceiling over hours and a floor under division over the lend-lease program, re­ and labor should be turned over to the wages, providing for sanitary and safe member it was adopted in the American Army for discipline? working conditions, providing against way and is now the American program. Now, I challenge the conclusion arrived unfair labor practices, providing for un­ It matters not whether you were for it at by the sponsors of this bill that our employment compensation and assist­ or against it, it is now your program, industrial labor relations are in such a ance to the aged and infirm, and the it is my program, it is the other fellow's chaotic condition as to justify the Con­ right to organize and bargain collectively. program, and it is your duty, it is my gress in enacting such drastic and far­ Naturally these changes, fundamental in duty, and it is the other fellow's duty reaching legislation. nature, brought about more or less fric­ to see that the program is carried out. Before arriving at conclusions with re­ tion during the period of readjustment. That is the American way-divide and spect to our capital-labor sitUation, let While capital as a whole showed a dis­ fight over the establishment of policies, us honestly and fearlessly look the sit­ position to readjust itself to the new but after they have been established, uation right in the face, because there is order, there were those among the in­ unite and fight to carry them out. no such thing as solving a problem unless dustrialists who refused, or reluctantly Now, the truth I am trying to con­ you first understand the problem. As the agreed, to the policies adopted by the vey to you is this: The program has been present is but an outgrowth of what has Congress to meet the demands of an en­ established in the American way, and the gone before, as it is made up of the de­ lightened public opinion. And while only way it can be successfully carried velopments of the past, it · is necessary labor as a whole embraced its new free­ out is by following the American way of that we have a clear picture in our minds dom in a sane and sensible manner, free enterprise and free labor. of the past in order for us to understand there were those who let their enthusi­ Mr. Speaker, believing as I do, I can­ the present. What is that picture? asm carry them too far. This was but not support those sections to S. 1524, When I came to Congress some 10 years natural. Time has always been the oil commonly known as the Connally-May ago, what did I find? Oh, it is a sord:d required to take the creaks out of read­ amendments to the Selective Training picture, but one we should review now justments. Service Act of 1940, that relate to em­ and then if we are to understand the Then came the national emergency, ployers and employees, because, in my present. Rugged individualism-and it and with it an urgent necessity for opinion, they are destructive of our free­ was and it had been pretty rugged when greater industrial production, and conse­ dom, undemocratic, un-American, will it came to labor-was still our national quently a greater demand for labor. generate strife instead of unity, and will policy. Sweatshops, the mills that This in a way disrupted the slow and slow down rather · than speed up our ground the ambition and vitality out of orderly process of adjustment and defense program. the young, and made widowhood, in­ brought into the picture some ugly ele­ In considering the bill we should forget firmity, and old age a nightmare to ments. Now, let us get the true picture, everything except our Americanism. Let countless millions, dotted this land of with respect to capital and labor, of what us forget that we are prolabor, or pro­ liberty, freedom, and equality, like fes­ has happened since the advent of the industry, and only remember that we are tering sores of smallpox. Down in the national emergency. I want the public pro-American. Now, what does this bill South where I hail from we were not only to have the whole picture. To begin attempt to do? I am not going to an­ suffering from a low-wage complex, the with some of the industries went on a sit­ alyze the bill, because, in my opinion, an lingering effects of bond labor, but were down strike, the same kind of strike they analysis would serve no useful purpose. foolishly and insanely trying to capitalize had condemned, and rightly condemned, It is not the verbiage or phraseology of the on our outmoded labor system by hold­ i:h labor, and their refusal to accept de­ bill to which I object, or this or that ing out to the industrialist cheap labor fense order until Congress granted them clause or phrase, but the vicious un­ and no unions as an inducement for re­ a 50-percent profit increase, free plants, American principles that it would estab­ moving his plant or factory South, as if and a tax-free profits law, held up the lish. Stripped of its involved and ques- we could ever industrialize the South defense program for some 5 or 6 months, 5890 ·coNGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 1 and caused a greater delay in our de· in my opinion, cannot be defended. In fense program than all the strikes we charging unreasonable, in some cases un· Cause Lost man­ Percent have had put together. The general conscionable, membership fees, it con· days. public knew very little about this because verted a legitimate undertaking into more All issues ______6, 679,745 100.0 it was given very little publicity. More­ or less a racket, and in permitting Com­ Wages and hours ______3, 092,929 46. il over, some of the industrialists tried to munists and others who preach subversive Union organizations ______2, 727,448 40.8 take advantage of the emergency as an doctrines to work their serpentine way Jurisdictional disputes ______59,016 .9 excuse for their failure to recognize the into some of their labor organizations it bargaining rights of labor, thinking, no did more to alienate the good will of the Any realistic approach to the problem doubt, that they could get by with any. general public than all of its other short· involves the causes bringing about the thing short of murder because they had comings put together. · loss of man·days by strikes in production. a defense order. Then too, some of the Now, up to the present, in settling in· What do the 1940 figures show? Only industrialists, whiie demanding defense dustrial labor disputes, we have been one·tenth of a day per worker was lost orders at a figure that would net an following the American way of voluntary due to strikes. This compares with 5 days enormous profit, tried to hold on to all labor procedures. Has it worked? What per worker lost through injuries and 8 the profit, refusing to adjust their wage is the record up to the present? I am days through sickness. Hence, you will scales in line with the profits made. going to give you that record, because the see that the loss of man-days from in· And, as strange as it may seem, certain American people are entitled to know the juries and sickness amounted to 130 times of the daily press and labor baiters that truth, and after you review it, I believe the man·days lost by reason of strikes. cry to high heaven in the name of na· you . will agree with me that it works. There has been a great deal of talk as . tional defense whenever we have a strike, Here it is: to what labor organizations were fa. remained as silent as the tomb when In the May 1941 Labor Review, gotten menting strikes. This only brings about these things were going on, which leads out by the United States Department of more confusion, because internal labor me to believe that some of them are not Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, page dissension has certainly not worked in so much concerned about national de­ 1092, appears a table showing strikes in the interest of labor; but let the record fense as they are about kicking labor in the United States, 1881 to 1940. A com· the pants. parison of the strikes that occurred dur· for 1940 speak: Now, on the other hand, labor is not ing the first World War and for a few wholly without fault. As was to be ex· years thereafter with the strikes during Number Percent pected, labor, enjoying its new freedom, recent years, I believe, will clearly show has been guilty of excesses. It acted fool· the public that there is nothing alarming Strikes: TotaL._. __ ------______2,493 100.0 ishly-yes, insanely-in the sit·down in our present situation. These figures American Federation of Labor_ 1, 541 61.9 strikes. To say the least, it acted un· cover all industries. Let me give you the Congress of Industrial Organi- zations. _. __ -----______689 27.6 wisely in the jurisdictional strikes, which, figures: Workers involved: TotaL. ____ ------'------_____ 573,364 100.0 American Federation of Labor __ 306,541 53.5 Number of- Index (193~~9~ 100) Percent ot·• Congress of Industrial Organi- 1------,,------,.----1------:------1 total work- zations. _------______222, E58 38.9 Year Man-days lost: Man-days e~sinv com­ is quenched, the light of ambition is dead. Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 15 pel the continuance of production by the !listless and lifeless, inai'f:Ierent to results, minutes to the gentleman from Texas use of armed troops in any situation where their work would· be neglected, for slaves [Mr. THOMASON]. production of any article or material re­ Mr. MARCANTONIO. Mr. Chairman. quired or useful for national defense is the world over have no interest in what stopped "through subversive influences or they are doing. They have no pride in will the gentleman yield for a short otherwise." While under section 9 (a) the achievement, no hope of fulfillment. observation? President is not authorized to seize or oper­ They are not going anywhere. Their Mr. THOMASON. I yield to the gen­ ate any plant, or to give any persons em­ hopes and aspirations are dead. Their tleman. ployed in the plant the status of Govern­ future lies behind them. Mr. MARCANTONIO. The chairman ment employees, he is authorized to order I would not value very highly the Amer­ of the Military Affairs Committee stated production resumed immediately and to call ican man or woman who did not have he is following the President with,regard upon the Army and Navy to afford protection to this legislation. I hold here the New to all persons employed in the plant who heart enough to resist any effort to rob desire to return to work therein. them of their birthright. York Times of today's date. It states: Let us try an experiment. We are all President Roosevelt was reported tonight This section confers on the President free and equal in this country. You and to have told legislative leaders that he is the powers to take over and operate I are also engaged in defense work. We, opposed to compulsory arbitration of labor plants under the protection of the mili­ too, are essential to national defense. disputes and to the May bill authorizing- tary forces. This means "compulsory Why not add a section to the effect that And so forth. I wonder if the gentle­ service and involuntary servitude." all Members of the Congress must report man still follows his Commander in Boiled down to its simplest terms it says at their offices not later than 8 o'clock Chief? to labor at the point of a gun, "Get in in the morning; that they shall remain Mr. THOMASON. The gentleman and work, or else-." in their offices, attending to their duties from Kentucky can speak for himself. It is not necessary for me to discuss the until committees meet; they shall be Mr. Chairman, in the few minutes terms "subversive influences" and "force, present at their respective committees allotted to me I hope to shed more light violence, and threats thereof." The his­ until the House of Representatives con­ and less heat on this very controversial tory of labor redounds with the dis.torted, venes, when they shall assemble in the subject than my good friend from Wis­ perverted, and unfair definitions given at House for consideration of such business consin who has just preceded me. What different times to these phrases by labor­ as may be brought to the attention of I say I hope to say dispassionately be­ hating judges. The first World War was the House. The business of committees cause it does seem to me that if there full of them. I have known men to plead and of the House shall be done speedily ever was a time in the history of this guilty and pay a fine because they could and expeditiously, and any Member who country that called for calm, deliberate not afford long drawn-out litigation a.nd fails to be present, unless excused for judgment and a high order of patriotism. knew that they had no chance in the trial cause, and any Member who, being pres­ it is now. court. Litigation is a pastime that only ent, shall indulge in dilatory tactics, shall At the outset may I say that I am op­ the rich can afford. be guilty of sabotage and upon convic­ posed to the bill reported by the House Farmers, pay attention. Under section tion shall be fined $5,000 or be imprisoned committee. The record of the committee 9 (b) a "defense plant'' includes any for 5 years or both and be dismissed from will disclose that I opposed it every step plant, mine, building, or place engaged membership in the House without pay. of the way in the committee. I think it directly or indirectly in the production, Let me present this picture. For the unsound, loosely drawn, and unfair to distribution, storage, transportation, or sake of the argument, let us say that all labor. I do favor reasonable and fair repair of any defense article or material. organized labor walks out and refuses to legislation on this subject. I do not want That means milk, butter, cheese, fruits, work. Can the Army and Navy tool to be misunderstood about that. So may vegetables, canned or otherwise, and these war industries and achieve any I suggest at the outset of my remarks practically everything in the line of food; degree of production? No doubt we are what I regard as the parliamentary situ­ also gasoline, which is a necessity for all agreed that they could not. Further­ ation. I am opposed to this bill as it processing, distribution, and transporta- more, they do not want the job. The come·s from the House committee largely 5898 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JULY 9 because of several things that I think As I view this situation, in all fairness ing of the entire Senate bill. We can are absolutely unnecessary and some of and without any feeling-this is the time take the very. first section of the Senate which I regard as a direct slap at labor. to think in terms of our country above bill and amend it by freezing the age of This is no time for hysteria, but a time everything else, and if we adopt section selectees at 28 years under the Draft for unity and patriotism. 2 of the Senate bill it means that if there Act, and then we can take up a fair dis­ The gentleman who preceded me re­ is a failure for any cause-whether it be cussion of this plant-seizure proposal. ferred, indirectly at least, to his own a strike, labor trouble, or what not, the Mr. HARNESS. Mr. Chairman, will labor record, which I believe justifies me President can take it over if the necessity the gentleman yield? in saying modestly that I think my rec­ requires. That would be nothing but a Mr. THOMASON. I yield to the gen .. ord as a friend of labor will bear scrutiny, ratification and approval of what the tleman from Indiana. whether it be as a member of the Texas President of the United States did 3 Mr. HARNESS. The gentleman said Legislature or speaker of its house of weeks ago under the authority that per­ that under sections 2 and 3 of the so­ representatives in Texas, as mayor of my haps he now has as Commander in Chief called Connally bill which passed the home city, or as a Member for 11 years when he took over the North American Senate the President could do prec:sely of this body. I am willing to compare plant in California. Have you heard any­ what he did at the North American my record with any Member of this body objecting to that? Do you know plant. House as a friend of fair and just labor of any patriotic American who does not Will the gentleman tell the House what legislation. approve what was done at the North else the President can do under those I am one of those who say now and American plant in California? At any sections other than what he did. at the who said repeatedly in the committee rate, you have heard of no serious trouble North American plant? when this bill was under consideration since then. Mr. THOMASON. I must let my that-I would not support those parts of Some of the outstanding friends of friend from Indiana answer that for him .. this bill which appear in section 9a, re­ labor in America, some of the great self. ferring to subversive influences without patriotic leaders of America, like Bill Mr. HARNESS. I will be glad to tell defining them. I am one of those who Green and others whom I might men­ the gentleman what I think the President said that I ovpose the language begin­ tion, said, in effect, if not in substance, could do under that legislation. I think ning in line 22 at the bottom of page 5 that the trouble out there was caused he could take over all industry for any which states that- by Communists, foreigners, aliens, and whim or pretext that he may give. those guilty of subversive activities. The President, if he ·finds that the exercise Mr. THOMASON. I do not agree with of such power and authority is necessary or When the Army stepped in there under that. desirable in the public interest, shall order the order of the President, order was im­ such plant or industry to resume production mediately restored, and the plant has Mr. HARNESS. And thereby destroy· immediately. already been returned to its owners and all rights of labor. Mr. . THOMASON. I do not want to I am not for forced labor. I am not normal production resumed. The pres­ ent President is the greatest friend labor destroy any rights of labor. I have for compelling any man on earth to work fought and voted for years to protect against his will. Neither did I support ever had in this country and laboring people know he will treat them fairly. r~ and promote them. I would say that in that language in the same section which time of any great emergency or in time states, in lines 2 and 3 on page 6, that- Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? of war the President has that authority, The President shall have the power, Mr. THOMASON. Briefly. and ought to have it; but I call atten .. through the heads of the War and Navy De­ tion to the further fact that under the partments, to enforce such order. Mr. MAY. The gentleman recalls very well that I questioned· Under Secre­ Senate bill, in section 2, because I think So I should just like to go on record at tary Patterson very closely on this mat­ that covers the whole · thing outside of the beginning of my remarks by saying ter, and that the Secretary in his answer deferment, in which I concur, but it that I am opposed to the bill as it comes said that the question was covered but ought to be noted that under the provi­ from the House committee, and I express they wanted a more specific answer. sions of that section- the hope in the interest of orderly par­ Mr. THOMASON. May I say to my Such power and authority may be exercised liamentary procedure that the committee distinguished chairman that I am one of with respect to any such plant during the will vote down in its entirety the House those who sat in the committee and that, existence of the unlimited national emer­ bill. This will throw the situation back as my interrogation of Under Secretary gency proclaimed by the President on May to a consideration of the Senate bill as 27, 1941, or in time of war in which the Patterson will disclose, I stated that I United States is engaged, whenever the Presi­ it passed that body and will force the believe the President of the United States dent finds, after investigation, that the na­ reading of the Senate bill for amend­ has that power and authority now; but tional-defense program will be impeded or ment. Then we can do as we like about since he saw fit to exercise it out there delayed by an existing or threatened failure amending the first section of the Senate and it met with the approval of the of production at such plant a:; a result of a bill so as to authorize the 28-year age American people, I wonder if the great strike or threatened strike, or lock-out, or limit, if you prefer that to the provisions American Congress does not have the other cause. of the Senate bill, and then go into a nerve and the courage to say that it ap­ This is No. 1. And No.2 provides: fair and deliberate discussion of the plauds it and approves it. This bill only That the exercise of such power and a-u­ labor provisions. confirms his action and authority and thority is necessary or desirable in the public I venture the assertion, without going makes certain his power to act when an interest. back to look at the record, that the gen­ emergency arises. tleman who preceded me voted for sec­ Yes; I am a friend of labor, but as I No. 3 provides: tion 9 of the present selective-service law, see our present crisis grow more serious If such existing or threatened failure of because most of the ardent friends of every hour, as I see the war clouds hang­ production is due primarily to a labor dis­ labor actively supported the original sec­ ing lower and lower over this country pute, that either or both parties to such every day, there is one thing I propose dispute have failed to utilize existing Gov­ tion 9, which appears in the law today. ernment conciliation and mediation facilities This section was to the effect that if an to do in this critical hour, and that is to in an effort to settfe such dispute- industry refused to comply with the put national defense, national unity, and filling of orders for munitions and other patriotism above labor, industry, agricul­ And so forth. articles necessary for national defense ture, or any other consideration, for I I hope you will bear in mind this situ­ the President could take over that in­ think we are facing the most serious ation. Under the Senate provision in dustry. The Senate bill is the comple­ situation in all recorded history. section 2 the President does not have the ment of that section to cover failure as There is nothing wrong, as I see it, authority to step in and take possession well as refusal. with section 2 of the Senate bill. I am of the plant until there has been an effort I am for section 2 of the Senate bill opposed to section 3 of the Senate bill. to utilize the conciliation and mediation because it does but one thing in the I sincerely hope that the Committee will facilities of the United States Govern .. world, and that is to also make a failure vote down this House bill in its entirety ment, ·and I might say in passing that I of a munitions plant to produce just for the simple reason that the parlia­ think they are doing a fine job. cause for the President to take it over, mentary situation will be such that the There is another provision that says if necessary. · Committee will then go back to a read- the President shall only have power and 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5899 authority to do this during the emer­ when on next Monday week we are going Service Act and that it should not be· put gency that was declared by him on May to bring in the biggest tax bill that this into effect. 27, 1941, or in case of war, but in fur­ old Capitol ever had written undet: its A case reached my attention yesterday therance of the entire proposition there dome-! say it is time to let everybody from the State of Pennsylvania. I am is this language in the last sentence: participate in the program, labor, indus­ told there are quite a few cases very Provided, That with respect to any plant try, and agriculture, and do the right similar to it. I want to recite this case of which possession shall have been taken thing by all our citizens in order to save for the information of the members of the under the provisions of this paragraph, such this country and preserve our free in­ Committee. In the legislature at Harris­ plant shall be returned to its owners when­ stitutions. If Hitler should ever get a burg, Pa., there is a journal clerk by the ever the President determines that such foothold in the Western Hemisphere name of Russell Marino. He served at plant will be privately operated in a manner there will be no such thing as freedom one time as a member of the Pennsyl­ consistent with the needs of the national and liberty. Labor will have lost all its vania Legislature. Now he is journal defense. gains and we will be living under a dic­ clerk. He is under 30 years of age, single, I do know, Mr. Chairman, from ob­ tatorship. The present occupant of the able-bodied, and able in every way to servation following some travel over the White House can be trusted to treat serve his Nation. He was called, under country in the last few months, and from labor fairly. He did not take advantage the provisions of the Selective Service my reading of newspapers, and in con­ of labor in the North American case; he Act, to report for duty in April. At that versation with my friends, in whom I did them a favor. Communist and alien time he registered his objections to re.:. have confidence, that there is no issue agitators were responsible for that situa­ porting for duty by saying he was a con­ before the American people today in tion and it only strengthened the faith scientious objector to war. Not only did which they are so vitally concerned as and loyalty of the people in the great he have a conscience that forbade him to in this question of production. While body of labor, which is always loyal and serve in the combat branches, but also many thousands of man-hours have been patriotic. in the noncombat branches. He states lost already, and I am sure it is true in The Senate bill passed with only seven in his objection that it is not because of some cases strikes were justified, there votes against it. If great friends of labor any religious belief, but a personal con­ is not a thing in this language that de­ over the years, like Senators NoRRIS, scientious reason that he has and that nies the right to strike. There is no man TAFT, MEAD, WHEELER, and many others, he should not be required to serve his on the floor of this House who believes could vote. for it, we should not hesitate. Nation as your boys and my boys and more strongly than I and who has evi­ Let us kill the House bill and adopt sec­ other men's boys are required to do. He denced that belief by his votes in legis­ tion 2 of -the Senate bill, which will meet is journal clerk in the house of repre­ lative halls in the right of labor to strike the situation. sentatives at Harrisburg, Pa., a man who or the right to bargain collectively or the [Here the gavel fell.] has several times taken the oath to serve right of peaceful picketing, but that is Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I yield to his State and his Nation as a public not the question here now. This is not the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. official. Yet this man seems to have a a question of labor dealing with private FADDIS] 20 minutes. conscience that tells him he should not employers in the production of non­ . _ Mr . . FADDIS. . Mr~~ Chairman, when serve his Nation in time of peril. This defense articles. This is not a question ~ the Committee "'on Military Affairs ap~ man has been deferred temporf!,rily be­ of A. F. of L. or C. I. 0. entering into a preached this subject we knew it to be cause of this, and I have been informed contract with some industry in your town a subject which was highly controversial, there are quite a few others who have which is not engaged in national-defense but we approached it with a sense· of been playing for time because they be­ work. This is a question of a concern appreciation that here, at this hour of lieve this 28-year age limitation would that is doing nothing but making na­ crisis which this Nation is facing, it was be put on, and they hope to be excluded tional-defense weapons or articles, · and necessary for someone to rise to the occa­ from service because of this delay jn in­ not only that, but it is confined to the sion and have the courage to call a spade duction into service. To allow these men· time of this emergency. It provides spe­ a spade and to write a piece of legislation to escape service would be unfair and Cifically that the President shall return which would protect American industry undemocratic. the plant immediately when private pro­ from interference by subversive influ­ Mr. CREAL. Mr. Chairman, will the duction is resumed. ences in order that we might furnish for gentleman yield? our rearmament program those essentials Mr. FADDIS. I yield. [Here the gavel fell.l Mr. CREAL. I take it that a majority Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I yield the that we know to be so necessary.if we are to equip ·an· army to provide for the of the gentleman's committee believe gentleman from Texas 2 additional that the age 28 limit is better than age minutes. security of this Nation. The first part of this legislation is 35 limit. Mr. THOMASON. So I sincerely hope Mr. FADDIS. Personally, if I had my that this very meritorious bill will have based upon a request from the War De­ way, I would not have changed it. I the serious consideration that it deserves partment and from General Hershey in deferred, however, to the majority will and that the House bill as reported bY charge of the administration of the Se~ of my committee and went along with it. the House committee will be voted down, · lective Service Act for a reduction in the Mr. CREAL. I said the majority of so we can amend the first section and age limits of ·those being inducted into the gentleman's committee. When the give fair consideration to the other one. service. They had found that men be­ Senate bill was before us the World War I have great confidence in the rank yond the age of 28 years were undesir­ age of 21 to 31 was proposed, but other and file of labor in this country. I know able in the servil!!e, and we were asked to Members, like myself, insisting on stand­ their sons in my section have gone to the reduce the age limit. That much we ing by the gentleman's committee, voted Army and have rendered patriotic serv­ have done. up to the age 40 and then for the com­ ice. I do not believe they are opposed I have heard some talk that there is promise they brought in later . of 35. to reasonable and fair legislation on this some dissatisfaction in the way your com­ The gentleman's committee, I believe, subject when the boys are going at $21 a mittee handled the reduction of the age recommended 40 as the top age limit, month and when the country is facing a limit, and there are those who believe did they not? crisis. I do not know, but I would fear, this reduction should have been made Mr. FADDIS. I was in favor of it at Mr. Chairman, what would happen if retroactive; that those already in the the time, at least, in favor of the reg­ this House refused to pass any legisla­ service ove.r the age of 28 years should be istration, and if they wanted them ·to tion on this subject. I would hate to discharged if this legislation becomes allow them to be called. predict that there Will be more strikes law.. I want to say to ·the members of Mr. CREAL. The committee now re­ than ever in the next few days, but I will the Committee, I hope you will carefully verses itself and says that we people who say I would not be surprised. I think consider any amendments of that kind stood for 31 were right, that that age the country wants to know when we which may be offered. The evidence be­ was plenty high enough, and even too draft these boys and send them to the fore our committee was to the effect that high. camps and pay them $21 a month, when any such move would cause a great deal Mr. FADDIS. I take it that the com­ we have appropriated more money for of confusion and a great deal of trouble mittee after all has the right of reversing national defense than was appropriated among those who have been inducted itself. You know it is· said a wise man ever before in peacetime in America, and under the provisions of the Selective changes his mind, and I hope that may 5900 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JULY 9 apply to the House Committee on Mill· what he did do in the North American Nobody has any desire to interfere with tary Affairs, if the occasion should de~ plant at Inglewood. the right of labor to strike. It is ex­ mand. · -We wrote this legislation not upon any pressly written into this legislation that Mr. CREAL. I understand then, the theory of what might happen in the fuo~ we do not intend to interfere with the gentleman not having changed his, that ture but having in mind the exper_ience right Qf labor to strike or to picket peace­ he does not qualify. of what had already been done and with fully, but we do intend, if it lies within Mr. FADDIS. I have not changed my full knowledge of the general satisfaction our power, to curb the right o{ violent mind on this subject. such a move had prodtroed throughout picketing because violent picketing is an Mr. CREAL. The gentleman's bill the United States. · There was nothing invasion of the rights of free men. The would take 40? theoretical about that. It had already right of a man to work and earn a living Mr. FADDIS. The present bill makes been done and we believed it was the part for himself and his family is more basic, it 28. of good wisdom to give the President more fundamental, and more sacred than Mr. CREAL. The gentleman would legal authority in a legislative manner to the right to interfere with a man who not qualify as being that kind of man do exactly that. desires to work, and especially is this so who changed his mind. We also provided that in case any in­ at this time when it is necessary that we Mr. FADDIS. I am not particularly dustry refused to cooperate with the devote all of our energies to the manu­ speaking for myself. I am speaking for Government in the defense program by facture of commodities for the use of the committee as a whole. Certainly the refusing to accept the services of the our armed forces. committee has a right to change its mind, .boards already s'et up to adjust differ­ Let nobody tell you, Mr. Chairman, especially when those in charge of the ences between industry and labor that that these strikes have not seriously in­ administration of the Selective Service these plants could be taken over. We terfered with our rearmament program. Act have requested it. Of course, they followed it up with authority to the Any man who tells you that is either have a right to do so. President to take over a strike-bound intentionally misrepresenting the facts Mr. EDMISTON. Mr. Chairman, will plant in orde:..· that he might run it and or he is utterly ignorant of what he is the gentleman yield? protect those who wished to work to pro­ talking about. You only have to go down Mr. FADDIS. I yield. duce commodities to be used in national to a conference that the members of this Mr. EDMISTON. I may say in fur· defense; and then not wishing to bring committee and the members of other ther answer to the gentleman from Ken· before the House of Representatives any committees attend every 2 weeks and tucky, that General Hershey testified be· one-sided piece of legislation, not wish­ there look at the statistics presented to fore our committee that the draft ma­ ing to continue this practice of using in· see what detriment these strikes have chinery was spending 90 percent of its dustry as a whipping boy to punish sub· been to our national-defense program. time on and getting 10 percent of its re· versive or recalcitrant elements in labor Mr. RANDOLPH. Will the gentleman cruits from men within the age limits of we decided that we would write a bill yield? 28 to 36. In other words that group re­ which was not lop-sided. We decided Mr. FADDIS. I yield to the gentleman quired 90 percent of the time but pro­ that what was sauce for the goose was from West Virginia. duced only 10 percent of the men. also sauce for the gander and that if we Mr. RANDOLPH. The discussion of Mr. CREAL. Mr. Chairman, will the had the power to regulate by legislation the gentleman from Pennsylvania in gentleman yield further? recalcitrant industry that in a time lik~ reference to the loss to our Government Mr. FADDIS. Very briefly. this we also had the power to write legis­ in defense materiel by strikes now in Mr. CREAL. That is what certain of lation that would regulate recalcitrant progress and by those which have oc­ us said in the very beginning, yet we were labor; and that is exactly what we did. curred in the past is highly important. told our arguments were bunk. The up­ As has been stated by the very able and Even in the month of June, when the per limit ought never to have exceeded 31 distinguished chairman of this commit. situation is supposed to have been much years. Now, I want to take this occasion tee, the labor-regulating provisions of improved, we find that approximately just to say "I told you so," for whatever this bill are nothing more than policing 600,000 man-hours were lost in turning little satisfaction it gives; but why should regulations, and certainly no member of our materiel going directly into contracts we adhere to the Senate limitation of this committee is going to stand here in for the Army, not taking into considera­ 31 to 35 where there is rank discrimina­ the well of the House and put himself on tion those of the Navy. It is my under­ tion now, if its correction can be brought record as being in favor of violence on a standing that on July 5 there were 37 about? picket line. If he is, I would like to stay defense factories where work was stopped Mr. FADDIS. I am glad to see that my here and listen to him do so. That is all by strikes. friend from Kentucky gets some satis­ we attempt to forbid jn this legislation. -Mr. FADDIS. Yes; I believe that is faction from indulging in the practice of We provide that the man who desires to true. patting himself on the back. work shall be protected. We also pro­ Mr. JENKINS of Ohio. Will the gen· Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, will the vide that the man who favors violence, tleman yield? gentleman yield? who favors clubbing, stoning, shooting Mr. FADDIS. I yield to the gentle­ Mr. FADDIS. I yield. men, or turning over their automobiles - man from Ohio. Mr. MAY. The original bill that the when the men wish to work, shall be pre­ Mr. JENKINS of Ohio. I am sure the House Military Affairs Committee con­ vented from doing so, and we place a gentleman heard the very able statement sidered provided an upper age limit of penalty upon such lawless acts. made by the gentleman from Texas [Mr. 65 years and then reduced it to 40. I want to say, Mr. Chairman, that if THOMASON], and also the one made Mr. FADDIS. So much for the age we are to survive as a nation, we must by the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. limits which I do not believe is very con­ survive as a nation in which law en­ HARNESS]. troversial. I want to get down to the forcement means something; we must Mr. FADDIS. Yes; in part at least. provisions of the bill that are really caus­ survive as a nation wherein the rights of Mr. JENKINS of Ohio. The gentleman ing controversy on the floor of the House. all the people in this Nation are pro­ from Texas [Mr. THoMASON] opposes the There has been a great deal of misin· tected, and not the rights of any minor­ action of the gentleman's committee, and formation spread through the House ity. We cannot survive as a nation he wants that stricken out and the Con­ Office Buildings regarding the terms of wherein any minority is accorded special nally amendment restored on the basis this bill. Individuals and organizations privileges. that what the gentleman is arguing for have called upon me in my office en­ Why should ariy minority be allowed is too drastically against labor. The gen­ deavoring ·to tell me what the terms of the privilege of clubbing and stoning tleman from Indiana takes the other this legislation are, yet I had about as men who desire to work, any more than view. Now, both of these gentlemen can­ much to do with writing the terms of the you should have the right to club and not be right. They both cannot be de­ legislation in question as any man on stone men who desire to attend a church fending labor and yet support directly the committee. Notwithstanding that, of their own choosing? Why should any opposit·3 propositions. What is the dif­ people have called upon me with long minority have the right to prevent a man ference between these two in a few words? printed lists of the things they say are from going to work, any more than they Mr. FADDIS. The difference between in this legislation. After all there is should have the right to prevent a man these two in a few words is that the pro­ nothing in this legislation except au· from listening to a radio program or vision presented to the House by the thority for the President to do exactly reading a newspaper of his own choice? House committee undertakes to protect 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5901 the man who desires to work. That is club and. stone. and -shoot men who wish Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Chairman, I yield exactly the difference. . to go to work where they do not desire 15 minutes to the gentleman from Mich­ Section 9 (a) of this bill provides: them to work. igan rMr. WoODRUFF]. That in the event of the stoppage of pro­ Miss SUMNER of Illinois. Will the Mr. WOODRUFF of Michigan. Mr. duction through subversive influences or gentleman yield? · · Chairman, I believe any Member of the . otherwise. not constituting a refusal under , Mr. FADDIS. I yield to the gentle­ House who knows the chairman of the the foregoing provisions of section 9 hereof, woman from Illinois. House Committee on Military Affairs, of any article or material which may be re- the gentleman from Kentucky [Mr . . quired for national defense, or which may be Miss SUMNER of Ilhnois. Is it fair useful in connection therewith, in any plant to say from the terms of this bill that if MAY] . and the other members of that or industry. the President, if he finds that the Government under this law, should committee, can reach but one conclusion the exercise of such power and authority is it become law, takes over a plant, and as regards the intent of the bill now be­ necessary or desirable in the public interest, if any man or group of men employed fore us. No one can challenge the fact shall order such plant or industry to resume in that industry so taken over do not that these fine Members of this House production immediately. want to work, they may leave the plant are attempting to give to the respon­ Then further on, we say in section 9 and there would be nothing in this bill sible authorities of this country the (b): forcing them to work, and in their stead power to keep our national-defense in­ dustr;es going. You can reach no other It shall be unlawful to prevent or to at­ the Government would have to hire tempt to prevent, by force or violence or by other men? Further, under this bill the conclusion than that. threats thereof, any person from accepting other men who want to work will be As far as I have been able to learn or continuing in employment in any defense protected? by a careful reading of the bill, I find plant, or from entering or leaving any defense Mr. FADDIS. That is quite true. ·no challenge to the constitutional rights plant in the course of such employment. There is nothing in this bill that would of labor. I find nothing that takes from Nothing in this section shall limit the right force labor to work in -any plant that labor any of the benefits and protection of any person or organization to strike, or the Government might take over or that which have accrued to it down the years. to engage in peaceful picketing. the Government might undertake to run I do find. however, provisions that will [Here the gavel fell.] as the result of being strike-bound. give to the administrative agencies of Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I yield the Mr. Chairman, the Committee on Mili­ the Government the . right to protect gentleman 5 additional minutes. tary Affairs several years ago considered men in this country who desire to work Mr. HARNESS. Will the gentleman for several months a bill to take the when they have opportunities to do so, yield? · profits out of war. We started consid­ regardless of what someone else may Mr. FADDIS. I yield to the gentleman eration of that bill with the idea that in think about it. from Indiana. time of war the proper manner to pro­ Mr. 'chairman, every Member of the Mr. HARNESS. I want to make this ceed would be to conscript capital, in­ House should know something about the further observation in answer to the dustry, and labor. When we finally condition of our national defense. We question of the gentleman from Ohio. brought out the bill, we wiped out all of all know, or should, at least, the pitiable The so-called Connally bill that the gen­ the conscripting provisions because the state it finds itself in. There is no ex­ tleman from Texas [Mr. THOMASON] de­ testimony before the committee con­ cuse today for any Member of this fends is purely and simply a seizure bill vinced us without the slightest possi­ House being uninformed of the fact that which grants power .to the President of bility of a doubt that that would be the the more than a million boys who have the United States to seize industry and poorest way to proceed, and that in time been called into the camps of the coun­ take it over. As I said a few minutes of war the proper and best and the most try through the draft are there without ago, when you seize and take over a plant, efficient management for capital, labor, enough equipment with which to train you do not take just the four brick walls and industry is their natural manage­ them properly. and the machinery therein. You must ment. There is no excuse for any Member of have the men to operate the plant and a Mr. DWORSHAK. Mr. Chairman, will this House not knowing that today we seizure of industry is a draft of labor. the gentleman yield? do not have on hand at this time enough This proposal that the gentleman is Mr. FADDIS. I yield to the gentleman antiaircraft guns to properly defend the speaking for is designed to preserve and from Idaho. cities of New York and Philadelphia: protect the rights of labor in that work­ Mr. DWORSHAK. Does the gentle­ There is no excuse for any of us being ers still have the right to strike, the right man believe that the President had the unaware of the fact that our mechanized to picket, and all the rights that the labor authority and was justified in taking over equipment is not sufficient and is not laws give employees. When the Govern­ the operation of the North American complete enough to thoroughly and fully ment takes over the plant it takes over plant? ·equip one panzer division in our Army. labor and the employees become Govern­ ment workers. They then cannot strike Mr. FADDIS. I certainly do. Mr. Chairman, what I shall now say, against the Government; they cannot Mr. DWORSHAK. Then did he not will, I hope, emphasize the necessity of bargain with the Government, and they likewise have similar authority so that doing something that will enable this therefore lose all labor rights. I would he might have intervened in the Allis­ Government to take the necessary steps not willfully or knowingly support any Chalmers strike and similar labor dis­ to keep our national-defense industries legislation that would deprive labor of turbances? going at top speed. The equipping of our these fundamental rights. Mr. FADDIS. If those plants were own armed forces has been too long de­ Mr. FADDIS. The gentleman from contributing wholly to the national de­ layed. Let those responsible for the allo­ Indiana is exactly right. As far as real, fense, yes; although the Allis-Chalmers cation of arms and equipment now being genuine protection to labor is concerned, plant was not contributing to the na­ turned out by American industries take this bill gives more genuine protection tional defense to the same extent as in heed before it is too late and see to it that to labor than does the Connally bill. the case of the North American plant. we in this country are given some measure Furthermore, it gives more protection to Mr. DWORSHAK. Was not that plant of the protection we are so generously be­ the public interest and general welfare of engaged in producing essential equip­ stowing upon other peoples. the United States than does the Con­ ment for our Navy at the time? Mr. Chairman, the American people nally bill, because this bill has provisions Mr. FADDIS. Yes; but not entirely. may expect from now on a continuing in it which guarantee to the man who My belief is that the general welfare and and increasing barrage of propaganda wants to work that he will be protected the security of the United States are from British and American administra­ in that right to work. In no way does paramount, above all other considera­ tion sources for the s.ending of an Ameri­ it disturb the constitutional right of labor tions, and that the President of the can Expeditionary Force overseas to fight in any manner, shape, or form, in no United States in time of crisis not only the war for Britain as we did in 1918. Al­ way does it disturb any of the so-called has the right but it is his duty to protect ready the barrage has begun and it will gains of labor unless those who want to the public in that respect. continue with such a din as will be calcu­ maintain that it does so desire to include Mr. DWORSHAK. He ought to have lated to drown out any protests, any ob­ among the so-called gains of labor the that right. [Applause.] jections, or any attempt by congressional right to picket violently and the right to [Here the gavel fell.] action to stop it. The inside powers that LXXXVII--373 5902 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD~HOUSE JULY 9 be-British and American-appear to Next came President Roosevelt's sur­ Let us change this policy · of sendiJig . have decided that American boys are to prise message to the Congress presenting everything we manufacture overseas to be sent overseas to be mangled, gassed, another fait accompli-or, rather, a soldiers of other countries when we do bombed, and killed in foreign fields and series of them-the landing of Marines not have on hand the materiel with alien trenches. The betrayal of the Un­ on Iceland, and the sending of American which to equip and train the soldiers of known Soldier who lies in Arlington will boys to the other foreign bases, such as our own country. Every informed Mem­ soon be complete. Trinidad. By this action the President ber of Congress knows this is not being Solemn promises-the sort of prom­ not only took a further long step toward done, but that the lag in the national ises the American people had every right plunging the United States into a shoot­ defense and in production of machines to believe were sincere and would be ing war, but also he undertook to extend and supplies for our own Army have the kept-were made by both Mr. Roosevelt the Western Hemisphere to within 600 military leaders themselves gravely wor­ and Mr. Willkie before the last election, miles of the British shore. ried. that America would be kept out of war; Mr. Chairman, coincident with this Mr. Chairman, going into this war is that American boys would not again be revelation by the President of his bold not-a blithe adventure for the glory of sent to die in Europe's age-old quarrels. act, and apparently timed to coincide Hotspurs and Sir Lancelots. It is a The developments of the last week, with the announcement of the dispatch deadly issue which involves the lives, the however, have shown the people these of American boys in force to far foreign liberties, and the happiness of our people. promises are not to be kept. bases, General Sir Claude Auchinleck, The American people should-they General Marshall, Chief of Staff of the new commander in chief of the British must-rise up in righteous indignation Army, recommended that the solemn forces in the middle east, who succeeded and make public officials, politicians, promises made by practically all spokes­ General Wavell, declared: · racketeering labor leaders, and all others men for the administration and the Con­ I see as much need for American manpower realize the people will not continue to gress be deliberately violated, and that in this war as 1.n the last. In 12, 14, or 24 submit to such outrageous deceptions, the men in the National Guard, and the months this need certainly will arise. broken promises, and maladministration draftees, not only be kept in service for Be it remembered that about two and a of their Government. [Applause.] an undetermined length of time, but that quarter million American doughboys Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I yield the the President be authorized to send them were sent to the fields of France and the gentleman from California [Mr. · SHEP­ to fight anywhere in the world he ma,y other foreign lands in the first world PARD] such time as he may desire. choose. The Chief of Staff, however, un­ War. · Mr. SHEPPARD. Mr. Chairman, I like the others, suggested that it be done This in defiance of Churchill's solemn ask unanimous consent to extend my in a constitutional manner. It is re­ promise recently that Britain did not own remarks in the Appendix of the ported that a bill to that.end will be sent . want American manpower, only Ameri­ RECORD . up as an'Jther amendment to the draft can machines and supplies of war. The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection act. And thus on both sides of the ocean to the request of the gentleman from Mr. Roosevelt, in a surprise move, per­ the most solemn promises of the highest California? mits-or causes-his Secretary of the administrative officials and leaders are There was no objection. Navy, Frank Knox, to demand, in a ruthlessly broken with a cynical disre­ Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 speech in Boston, that the Navy be used gard for the terrible damage such viola­ minutes to the gentleman from Cali­ to clear the Atlantic Ocean of German tion of the pledged word in high places fornia. [Mr. LEAl. craft, surface, and submarine. That must do to the confidence of our people Mr. LEA~ Mr. Chairman, ordinarily would mean, of course, a shooting war. in their established government. our primary interest in labor disputes Tllis attitude of Mr. Knox was pointed It is now too apparent to longer be is only as to controversies between em­ out as being directly and flagrantly con­ disregarded that step by step, just as fast ployer and employees. Today the Nation tradictory to his earnest and reiterated as the British and American administra­ is mainly concerned as to the effect of expressions before a Senate committee tors believe the American people can be such controversies on national defense. · when he was seeking confirmation for persuaded to submit, these promises are Many decades ago the late Justice his present Cabinet post. This does not being broken, America is being taken into Holmes, while a member of a Massachu­ . seem to bother Mr. Knox or the admin- war. All this time politics, labor rackets, setts court, in a dissenting opinion in a istration. · . and communism are rampant in the na­ labor controveq;y involvjng the right of Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. Mr. tional defense program, and American labor to organize, said: Chairman, will the gentleman yield? boys are being prepared for slaughter on On the one hand- Mr. WOODRUFF of Michigan. I yield battlefields overseas. to the gentleman from Kentucky. Gen. Hugh Johnson in one of his col­ Meaning the employer side­ Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. Secre­ umns summed up this whole shameful organization is patent and powerful. On the tary Knox was criticized for that speech, picture in these words: other- but it turned out later that he was speak­ Too much havoc is being made all over the Meaning labor- ing by the card, because that very thing world by violation of the promises by which was being done and had been accom­ organization is the necessary and desirable men live. • • • The present crumbling counterpart if the contest is to be waged in a pUshed; that is, sending our naval and of what we are pleased to call western civ­ fair and equal way. air forces to Iceland. ilization is wholly traceable to violations of Mr. WOODRUFF of Michigan. I be­ good faith and honor, and in my reluctant Many years later, speaking in a de­ lieve it is conceded by anyone who has opinion that is exactly what is being proposed cision of the Supreme Court of the had to live with this administration dur­ here. United States, Justice Holmes said: ing the past 8 years that no member of Mr. Chairman, it will be an indescrib­ I have no doubt that when the power the Presidential Cabinet would dream ably heinous crime to send these Ameri­ of either capital or labor is exerted in such of making a statement of that sort with­ can boys into the overseas wars without a way as to attack the life of the community, out the full knowledge, approval, and the equipment, the supplies, or even the those who seek their private interest at such cost are public enemies and should be dealt perhaps direction of the President. training by which to defend themselves, with as such. [Applause.] let alone to win battles. Under any cir­ Next came young Douglas Fairbanks, cumstances, in the light of every sane These two quotations recognize much an indifferent and a not too successful consideration, the first and foremost of the philosophy of our law that should motion-picture actor who was sent at thing to be done is to purge Communists, apply to the controversies between em­ public expense by the President to carry Nazis, and all other subversionists and ployer and employee. culture to South America, demanding in fifth columnists, labor racketeers, and Justice Holmes recognized the fact that a radio broadcast that the Navy be sent politicians out of the national defense such controversies are a part of our eco­ into a shooting war. Somebody should program and turn every energy to the nomic life and that they are contests; get a gun for young Fairbanks-and he building of an adequate defense, an ade­ that there are two parties to the contest, could find a lot of fighting in the England quate supply of training and fighting employer and employees; that employers he so yearns to aid. equipment for our own boys. may be organized and powerful; that ..1941 CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD-HOUSE 5903 labor must be organized .and powerful to to strike, or the duty to prepare for Na­ scale confronted the Nation, the Presi­ protect its interest; that contests between tional defense? The Nation cannot afford dent assured the country that none of the emp ~ oyer and employee should be con­ to permit either employers or employees social gains of recent years were to be ducted in a fair and equal way, which to veto or delay necessary national de­ abandoned. Later, when troublesome means with due regard to the rights of fense. strikes occurred to interfere with national each; that when the power of either or We must necessarily recognize that a defense, the President minimized the im­ both of these groups is exerted in such a national emergency, or even war, should portance of the obstruction and expressed way as to attack the life of the com­ not relieve us of the duty of fairness to the view that it was trivial in comparison munity the private interest of that group labor. The cost of · national defense to the amount of labor involved. Time must be subjected to restraints for the whether funds are expended to a con­ went on, and month after month strikes protection of the public good. tractor or directly to the Government, is increased. In the meantime many labor The difficulties between employers and a burden on the people of the United groups apparently misinterpreted the employees may be minimized, but never States. For a nation like ours a policy attitude of the President. His words in entirely eliminated. It is inevitable that of fair wages to labor and fair profits to their defense were interpreted as if he their confiicting interests will, at times, industry is the most effective course for had said, "Go ahead, boys; it is all right." result in differences and controversies. securing efficient defense production. To add to the difficulty of the problem, In the main, we leave the adjustment of The Nation should see that labor is so many prominent satellites of the admin­ these differences to the parties immedi­ reasonably compensated that strikes dur­ istration minimized the injury done by ately concerned. ing a national emergency should be un­ strikes in delaying defense as of trivial These confiicts may result in strikes. A necessary in order to secure just condi­ importance. They had only words of strike is a crude method of settling dif­ tions of employment. platonic indifference to strikes that were ferences. It partakes of the character of For 25 years I have seen organized making unemployment by millions of a jungle conflict. The decision depends groups interested in many subjects send days. They had words of denunciation too much on might and too little on right. their representatives to Washington to for those who protested against strike de­ It involves the loss of employment to influence legislation and the administra­ lays of national defense. Today the pub­ labor, the shut-down of operations, the tion of the law of our country. Many lic sentiment of the Nation is incensed. loss of profits to the employer, and vary­ of these groups have been actuated by National defense is embarrassed by the ing degrees of injuries are suffered by commendable purposes. There has been fact that an unfortunate situation that that part of the public in no way respon- something of merit in the demands of makes it necessary to legislate on this . sible for the controversy. The strike is nearly all of these groups. I have sym-· subject has come upon us not uninvited tolerated only because some. method of pathized with many of their efforts, but by some responsible men in government. protecting labor is necessary and because in all these 25 years I have never seen · I am one of those who believe that the no better means of affording protection an organized group come to Washington menace that faces our country is a very . has been devised. to whom I would be willing to hand over grave one. It is the cold-blooded, con­ For lawmaking purposes we must as­ the power to write ·or administer the laws scienceless action of the greatest military sume that in any given strike either em­ that affect their own interests. machine the world has known, deterred ployer or employees, or both, may be Human frailty and the human motives by no moral compunction, seeking to rob either right· or wrong. An employee or operate pretty much the same in every and enslave a world. The threat is not weak organization of employees may be state of organized society. Human na­ against a single group or class; it is defenseless against a powerful employer. ture is such that men are not so consti­ against every citizen of this Republic. The On the other hand, an employer may be tuted as to be relied upon to deal fairly •call for national defense and the things practically defenseless against a strongly and justly with the public when the that delay it mean as much to the em­ organized labor group. In either case the power to enjoy special privileges is within ployee as to the employer. A needless de­ stronger group is able to enforce its pro­ the grasp of their own hands. lay or handicap in preparation for de­ gram, whether it be right or wrong, sub­ We are living in an age of organized fense may recoil upon the heads of those ject to numerous influences that may af­ groups with whom expert organization responsible as much as upon those who fect the ultimate settlement. and propaganda have become a fin~se. oppose these delays. In other words, the The difficulty of prudently interfering Th~y have power to influence Govern­ call to prepare for national defense is the in these controversies, as well as the very ment and its administration far out of call of America to its citizenship. convenience of the public, have made it proportion to their numbers. They have Speaking generally, this bill proposes desirable to leave their settlement, so far the zeal and effectiveness of the man who certain provisions of law to minimize or as practicable, to the parties themselves. knows what he wants and knows how to eliminate delays in defense production. We cannot ignore the fact, however, that go after it. Frequently, if not ordinarily, The employer who refuses to use the the public has an interest for the protec­ the public is unconscious of its interest. mediation facilities of the Government tion of either group against injustice in such controversies. The average man to settle labor disputes shall thereby war­ from the other group. In other words, has an indifferent interest or, as a single rant the Government in seeing that the conceding that employer and employee citizen of a great Nation, considers his plant is taken under control for contin­ are engaged in a conflict of economic protest futile. uance of production. pressure, organized society does have an One of the most serious responsibilities Where there is a stoppage of produc­ interest in seeing that the contest shall of our membership at this time in the tion through subversive influence or take place under fair rules of the game. otherwise, the President may order such history of our country is to heed that plant to resume production immediately, Either side of the confiict has rights that silent, unorganized appeal for justice to deserve protection where the parties to The President shall enforce his order the conflict are unable to give themselves the unrepresented in the affairs of this through the War and Navy Departments that protection. Nation. and afford protection to all persons en­ Beyond the interest of the parties to For more than half a century Congress gaged in the operation of such plant who such a conflict, the Government has a has recogniz~d the necessity of protect­ voluntarily desire to work. duty to interest itself for the protection ing the public against the unjust use of The main point of this provision is that of the possible victims of such a conflict, the power of organized wealth. In va­ it provides for ending the stoppage of who are not parties to the controversy. rious forms we have legislated for the production. It does not permit national The innocent bystander, that part of the protection of the public against the use defense to be vetoed by employer or em­ public in no way responsible for the con­ of oppressive powers against the people ployees while they haggle over just or fiict, has rights that must be protected. of the Nation. Our antitrust laws and unjust, important or unimportant dif­ When we are faced with the problem of the regulation of public utilities and ferences between them. strikes that interfere with defense and many other measures indicate the desire This section does not require any man which action delays or handicaps prepa­ of Congress to protect the public welfare to work against his will. He can work ration for national defense, the public against these powerful influences. or not work as he chooses. If he at­ has a right to be interested. The ques­ Many months ago, when the necessity tempts to prevent others who want to tion arises, Which comes first, the right of the preparation for defense on a vast work from doing so, the Government will 5904: CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JULY 9 afford protection against such interfer­ We do not ask that labor shall not Committee the testimony overwhelm­ ence with national defense. organize or not strike or not bargain col­ ingly was to the effect that industry has The power thus given the President is lectively or not refuse to work. What cooperated to the fullest extent. Sec­ limited to the national emergency or in we do ask of labor is that it shall refrain tion 9 of the Conscriptioh Act, you will time of war. When the Nation faces an from interfering with, and delaying the recall, now gives the President, through emergency that requires the expenditure necessary defense of its own country. the War and Navy Departments, the of billions of dollars and the straining Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Chairman, I yield right to seize any plant the owners of of all its economic resources in preparing 10 minutes to the gentleman from Ohio which refuse to fill any order for defense for the protection of its own life, is it [Mr. ELSTON]. material at prices to be fixed by the Gov­ asking too much of those who labor in Mr. ELSTON. Mr. Chairman, the bill ernment. Although this act has been its defense industries that they should before us today is the outgrowth of some in effect since last September there is defer their controversies or seek their of the most drastic and far-reaching leg­ no case on record where the provisions peaceful solution, without holding up islation ever introduced in Congress. On of this section have had to be enforced. national defense? Is that asking too the one hand bills were introduced which I cite these facts as indicating a total much of the employer? Is that asking would have permitted the President, lack of justification of any drastic prop­ too much of the employee? when he alone deemed it in the interest erty-seizure legislation such as has been This bill has a provision that makes it of national defense, to requisition and proposed. In the face of the splendid unlawful to prevent or attempt to pre­ take over, either permanently or tem­ record of industry, passage of a general vent any person from working in a de­ porarily, property of any kind and char­ property-requisitioning statute at this fense plant by force or violence, or acter, whether real or personal, tangible time could only be construed as the giv­ threats of force and violence. If the or intangible. Under such proposed ing of power to the President solely for employees do not want to work, they can legislation the President would further the purpose of giving it and the taking refuse to work. That is their affair, but have been permitted to use such property of a long step toward the socialistic state. if tliey use force and violence to prevent on such terms as he saw fit, to sell or An important feature of the bill before others from helping the Nation prepare otherwise dispose of the same, either us today is that it does not permit the for defense that is the affair of the temporarily or permanently, and to com­ seizure of property. In this respect it United States. Criminal violence, either pensate the owners on such terms as he very materially amends the Senate bill through action of employer or employee, considered to be proper, although pro­ which not only permitted the taking has no proper place in strike activities vision was made for an appeal to the over by the Government of plants en­ anywhere or any time. courts in the event the owner was not gaged in national-defense work, but in­ This bill deals positively with strike satisfied with the price offered for his cluded plants which, in the opinion of evils in national defense. property. Such proposed legislation, if the Secretaries of War or Navy, were It is regrettable that such legislation is adopted, would have left nothing which capable of being readily transformed for necessary. From the standpoint of any American citizen owned or had an the manufacture of materials needed in patriotism, I would not classify labor any interest in exempt from the edict of one national defense. All that was neces­ differently from other groups of the man or the whim or caprice of his sub­ sary, under the Senate bill, to warrant country. . They have that loyalty and ordinates. Under these bills the Presi­ the seizure of a plant, was a belief on the interest of the future of this country· dent could seize any plant or business the part of the President himself that at heart that fortunately are common to and sell the same to any person or coun­ the exercise of such authority was neces­ good citizens of this Republic. The evils try he saw fit, and then, under the same sary or advisable in the public interest, of this situation have been brought about law, after paying the owner for his prop­ or that the national-defense. program without the approval of the great masses erty, seize the cash or other considera­ might be impeded by a strike or threat­ of union labor in this country. More tion used in making payment. ened strike. Believing that no such un­ unfortunately, some of these strikes have It is difficult to understand how any­ precedented grant of power was war­ been aided, if not inspired, by disloyal one retaining the slightest faith in our ranted by anything which has occurred and subversive labor leaders animated by republican form of government could or is likely to occur, the Military Affairs their own selfish purposes, or by a desire support such legislation, but the fact Committee struck out this portion of the to serve the ene.mies of our country. remains that the President himself; and bill and substituted therefor section That cannot be charged to labor as a men high in his administration and 9 Atlanta brought out very clearly practice. But by April 1942 or if he conquer nation after nation. He is now that there should not be mandatory should be held in the Army beyond that engaged in a titanic struggle with one of legislation upon the prevention of strikes. time, pursuant to the proposal of Gen­ the great powers of the world, and if Mr. MAY. Will the gentleman yield? eral Marshall in his biennial report to Russia is eliminated, England overcome, Mr. HARTER. I gladly yield to the the Secretary of War, his practice will it is quite likely it may be that we will gentleman from Kentucky, the chairman have gone a glimmering, and he will be next slated for attack. of my committee. have to start all over again from scratch. I wonder if many of the Members have Mr. MAY. Does the gentleman from I also cite the cases of two of my con­ really studied the May amendment to Ohio approve of what the President did stituents, also young lawyers, of the re­ S. 1524? I call your attention to section 3 in the North American incident out in spective ages of 29 and 32, who were just of the amendment known as section 9 (a) California? finding their sea legs with one of the to the Selective Training and Service Mr. HARTER. Yes, I approve of that, finest law firms of my home city of New Act of 1940. The language is that in the because there was a necessity for it in York when they were drafted late last event of stoppage of production, and so that instance. spring and were sent down to Camp forth, the President, if he finds that the Mr. MAY. Does the gentleman be­ Blanding, Fla., where they are now serv­ exercise of such power and authority is lieve the President of the United States ing uncomplainingly. Is it.fair to these necessary or desirable in the public in- · would do anything other than the same 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5911 thing he did there if the necessity should 65 be registered for military training and and 30, and 52 percent between 31 and arise again? service. After fuller consideration the 36. Then on the matter of dependency Mr. HARTER. I feel confident that House passed a bill in which it provided and the number of deferments that are the President would do that, and I believe that- granted for this reason, the percentage that under the Constitution and under Every male citizen and every male alien increases very rapidly after the middle his authority as Commander in Chief he residing in the United States or its posses­ twenties. The percentage is much can do that now. sions, who has declare.d his intention to be­ greater in the upper-age groups. Many Mr. Chairman, may I say in regard to come a citizen, between the ages of 21 and more men are married, more are con­ the proposed change in section 5 of the 45 • • • shall be liable for training and fronted with the problem of aging par­ Selective Service and Training Act of 1940 service in the land and naval forces of the ents than in the case of those in the that the House provisions with reference United States. early twenties. The same thing is true to that are, in my opinion, a vast im­ The Senate bill's language directed the of skilled workmen. The> skills tend to provement over the language contained registration for training and service of increase rapidly after the middle in the Senate draft. Under the House those between the ages of 21 and 31. It twenties. bill the Congress declares that all men was agreed in conference and later rati­ Because of these factors, local boards shall be deferred who, on the 1st day fied by the Senate and House that regis­ have far more difficulties in the deter­ of July 1941, or on the 1st day of July tration be required of all between the mination of individual cases in the upper of any subsequent year, first, are liable ages of 21 and 36. age brackets than they do in the lower. for such training and service; second, Experience shows that only a highly A great many more borderline cases oc­ have not been inducted into the land or develop€d industrial nation is capable of cur. It has been said that those above naval forces for such training and serv­ carrying on a modern war against a 30 years of age, while providing only ice, and third, have attained the twenty­ powerful industrialized foe. Not only 10 percent of the inductees, have given eighth anniversary of the day of their are the implements and munitions of the local boards 90 percent of their birth. war of endless variety and kinds, but headaches. The proposed amendment Under the Senate bill, authority is they must be produced in prodigious to section 5 (e) of the Selective Training vested in the President, under such rules quantities and unfortunate as it is, they and Service Act of 1940 in the bill before and regulations as he may prescribe, to must be the product of the trained scien­ us, S. 1524, authorizes the deferment defer men above the age of 28. In other tist as well as the laboratory and the from training and service of all men words, under the House provision defer­ work shop of the skilled artisan. Those who on t~e first day of July 1941 or ment of those over 28 would be manda­ who are to be trained to use these planes, the first day of July of any subsequent tory and under Senate language those tanks, mechanized equipment, guns of year have attained the 28th anniversary who are above that age would be in a all sizes and calibers, intricate instru­ of the day of their birth. Recent figures constant quandary and uncertainty as to ments of range finding and communica­ show that of the approximate 640,000 whether they were .to be deferred or tion, must be of an age to most rapidly trainees inducted under the Selective whether they might be called into assimilate the information and training Service Act, about 120,000, or about 20 service. imparted to them and best able physi­ percent, are above 28 years of age, while A brief resume of our experience with cally to stand the rigors of a modern cam­ nearly 80 percent are below that age. the Selective Service Act may not be , paign. Experience shows that men in It is apparent from the experiences of amiss and gives support to our claim that the early twenties best answer these re­ the local boards that the vast majority Congress itself being responsible for the quirements. Furthermore, under the act of their problems and uncertainties as act should definitely defer those over we provided for the exemption of a lim­ well as deferments arise among that 28 years of age. · The Selective Training ited number of persons ~ho fall into group of selectees who are beyond the and Service Act of 1940 was passed last certain classifications, such as officers age of 28 years. It seems quite apparent September and we are to consider today and enlisted men of the Regular Army, then that it is wise to take cognizance a proposed amendment growing out of Marine Corps, and Navy, cadets at the of the experience that we have gained some 9 months' experience under the act. military and naval academies, Reserve during the past months and revise the It will be remembered that it was officers, senior R. 0. T. C. students, men Selective Service Act, so that those may Pt.ssed only after extended hearings and who have served enlistment periods with be inducted who are best physically and discussion before the military commit­ honorable discharge from the military mentally equipped to receive the train­ tees of the Senate and House and follow­ and naval forces of the Nation, ministers ing, which will be given them, those who ing prolonged debate in both bodies. It of the Gospel, divinity students, and the will be best able physically to endure was quite right that this procedure be like, and we also provided broad defer­ the rigors of actual service. followed. We embarked upon a mili­ ments for those with dependents and We must remember that in this in­ tary policy never practiced in the United those who are needed in industry and stance, we are dealing only with selective States in peacetime. We deemed the agriculture and vested the authority to service, that we are not in any way emergency confronting the country to make such determinations as to defer­ changing the law with reference to vol­ be of such moment that we must train a ments in local boards, the membership untary enlistments in the Regular serv­ considerable number of our men in the of which could best investigate and have ice, and this raises no bar to those in the art of modern warfare, so that they an appreciation of the problems of the higher-age brackets who are physically might form a reserve of at least partially registrants in their local communities. fit and mentally alert and who may wish trained soldiers with which to meet the The experience of these and the ap­ to volunteer in the Regular Army. growing threat to our national security. pellate boards, as well as that of General In the light of our experience, we In view of what has transpired in the Hershey, Acting Director of Selective should adopt this amendment to section world in the last few months, including Service, and his staff in the several 5 of the Selective Training and Service the subjugation of the entire Balkan States and in Washington, demonstrate Act of 1940. Peninsula to German domination, the that only a relatively small percentage As I said in the beginning it is my spread of the war to include Russia and of those who are being inducted for considered judgment, we would stir up with the possibility that we may be traini~g and service come· from the trouble and promote discrimination if scorched by it, no one now hears a word higher-age groups. For instance, there we adopt sections 2 and 3 of the of complaint of the action taken by the are 33 percent of those registered in the May bill. Their adoption would en­ Congress in the enactment of the selec­ group from 31 to 36 years of age, and gender bad feeling and would retard tive-service law. In the main it has the group has only supplied 10 percent rather than help our national-defense functioned well. Our experiences under of the selectees. On the other hand, efforts. it indicate, however, that a certain from the group 25 years of age and under Labor is fast setting its own house in change is very definitely needed and no 66 percent of the inductees have come. order and should be given every encour­ doubt there will be others suggested as Practical administration of the law has agement so that it may do a good job. further experience dictates their neces­ also brought out the fact that 24 percent If other instances arise where false or sity. When the law was first proposed of the registrants between the ages of improper leaders of labor resist or ignore it was suggested the entire manpower of 21 and 25 are rejected for physical rea­ the orderly and legal processes for the the Nation between the ages of 18 and sons, . 36 percent between the ages of 26 settlement of labor disputes, which have 5912 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JULY 9 been provided, it may be expected that tent local draft-board officials, he then this legislation is being administered. the Commander in Chief will not hesi­ presented a suddenly discovered minor This can best be done through publicity tate to take over the plant or plants in physical defect, which, upon rejection, of the decisions rendered by the local question and bring about resumption of was granted an appeal by a single indi­ draft boards. It is my purpose to offer production as he did on the west coast ·vidual friend in the medical profession, an amendment to the present law for without harm to anyone. leaving his local draft board without that purpose, when the bill is read under Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 7 power of pursuing the case further. the 5-minute rule, as follows: minutes to the gentleman from Mary­ John Doe has b~en granted deferred Amendment proposed by Mr. CoLE of land [Mr. COLEJ. classification because he has an occa­ Maryland to the committee amendment to Mr. COLE of 'Maryland. Mr. Chair­ sional attack of sinus, when hundreds S. 1524: page 4 after line 17, insert: man, it is not surprising that in less than similarly affected are in the service and "Rules and regulations issued pursuant to a vear from the date of the passage of other draft boards consider it an insult this subsection shall include provisions re­ quiring that there be posted in a conspicuous . th~ Selective Service Act the need of very for such a claim to even be suggested. place at the office of each local board, and definite and far-reaching changes are John Doe has been granted deferred that there be published in such other man­ advocated and admittedly advisable. classification because some local public ner as the President may determine, a list Such was easily anticipated and expected. official has cowardly imposed his influ­ setting forth the names of those men who But we, the Congress, should be satisfied ence upon amiable draft-board officials have been classified by such local board, to­ that all advisable changes by law are to the effect that his unmatched, unsur­ gether with a brief statement of the reasons being made to effect improvements we passed, and unexcelled ability as a drafts­ for each such classification." know should be made in the basic law. man is indispensable to the future exist­ At the recent convention of the Vet­ To begin with, we, by our votes last ence of a great political subdivision of erans of Foreign Wars in Maryland, a fall, set up for the first time in the his­ our Government. resolution sponsored by Sergeant Kling­ tory of this Republic a new and radical John Doe has been granted deferred elhofer's Post, No. 3148, of which I have departure from the procedure of volun­ classification because some unpatriotic the honor of being a member, was passed. tary decision to supply the manpower of industrialist registers with the draft The resolution is as- follows: our Army. We did this solely under the board, which board is trying to do a con­ Whereas selective-service local draft boards guise and with the solemn assurance of scientious job, the request which he LS are encountering difficulties in classifying law and repeated promises by adminis­ privileged to make, that John, an em­ young men for service in the Army of the trative leaders that it was for the pur­ ployee for a short period, and who hardly United States because of some moral financial pose of preparing the young· men of our knows a nut from a. bolt, remain in the family responsibilities; and country for military service insofar as 1 employment of his company to advance Whereas the present base pay of $21 per year would provide, and not on foreign the defense contract they enjoy. month is barely sufficient to provide neces­ sities, and prevents any supplementary aid soil. As men directly responsible for this Mr. Chairman, the foregoing and many to the draftee's family, and experience has decision, we must not only see to it that other cases can be· cited not only by Mem­ shown that various drafts boards have had no one-we care not who he may be­ bers of this House but by people in gen­ to defer potential draftees because the base shall make a mockery of this obligation; eral. For one, I am unwilling to ignore pay would not permit an allotment to the but, of even greater importance, if such is personal knowledge of such conduct cr family: Be it therefore possible, we must change the Draft Act to have it supplied through the mails Resolved, That the Veterans of Foreign in many respects in order to more defi­ without exposing it in the forum where I Wars of the United States, Department of Maryland, regularly assembled at its annual nitely a~sure that only fair and honest think such exposure should take place. encampment at Salisbury, Md. June 27, administration of the act prevails. For some misunderstandable reason 28, and 29, 1941, go on record recommending It will not do for the ever-increasing there are those who privately, and that the base pay of draftees be increased to volume of criticism and street-corner through the encouragement of their $30 per month, with the proviso that the talk as to the ease with which some are friends, are trying to make the adminis­ draftee be permitted to make an allotment to being relieved of their responsibility tration of the Selective Service Act a his family, and that the Government supple­ under this act to continue. The basis matter of ridicule. When failing in this, ment the allotment not to exceed $15 per for such remarks and reports must stop, they are brazen enough to parade month. and stop at the earliest possible time. through the community their own escape The foregoing possesses real merit and, To me the most disgusting crime from service as a minor violation of one I hope, at an early date, Congress will against our Nation is for one in authority of the most sacred statutes ever placed pass the necessary legislation to bring it to permit unjustifiably anyone to escape upon the statute books of this country. I about. his fair responsibility under this act am for exposing to the public this type of One· of the leading citizens of Mary­ through favored and erroneous classifica­ citizen in our midst and shaming him, if land, a real soldier, who is now rendering tion. Those responsible for influencing possible, into the privacy of his own con­ distinguished service with one of the such decisions should be prosecuted, temptible conscience and association. draft boards, submitted to me additional locked up, and the key thrown away. It is my belief that these fine men who reasons as to why the base pay of draftees We should not be required to _lend our are giving of their time without compen­ should be raised as advocated by the ears to such reports as these : sation through membership upon the Veterans of Foreign Wars for the De­ John Doe has been granted deferred draft boards throughout our country uni­ partment of Maryland. He writes me as classification due to the intercession by formly desire to do a good job, but with­ follows: and influence of prominent friends, per­ out some changes in the existing law they While technically for the first 4 months the chance as high as the judiciary, because are subject to situations which for the draftee is a liability rather than an asset, his sick parent needs his companionship, moment may not appear to be as serious as a practical proposition the difference in when the sick parent is already minis­ as they develop later. I will be very his pay for the first 4 months of $9 is not a tered to by competent nurses and able much surprised if practically every mem­ very material sum from the standpoint of the members of his family. ber of the draft boards throughout the Government and actually it results in a seri­ ous loss to the selectee. In the first place, John Doe has been granted deferred country would not welcome changes in he is suddenly removed from civil life, in classification because his father owns a the existing law such as I am advocating. which in the case of the average man he farm upon which he does not live, and on After much thought and consideration has been accustomed to more than $30 spend­ which the son never worked a day, but as to the best way to meet these situa-. ing money, and second, he has much more suddenly he finds, with approval of weak tions, I am thoroughlY convinced that the occasion to spend money in the first 4 draft-board officials, a comfortable hid­ law should provide that the draft boards months of his service than he does there­ ing place, for the present at least. throughout the country shall be per­ after. While theoretically we give an inductee John Doe has been granted deferred mitted to bring into their deliberation everything he needs from the time of his classification because, after claiming that and activities the public in gerleral, so induction, actually this is not true. At the his great legal talent was indispensable they will have the opportunity of know­ present time men have been put into cotton to the administration of one phase of the ing what the public generally possesses of uniforms and have been issued two pairs of national-defense program, and upon re­ a helpful nature, and the public, at the cotton trousers, etc. It is utterly impossible jection of such a puny reason by compe- same time will be permitted to know how for a soldier to keep himself neat and clean 1941 CONG:RESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5913 with such limited equipment in the way of 'l'o illustrate the situation:, my own board On June 20 I introduced a bill entitled uniforms, consequently just a:; soon as the has recently had one case in which by an "To prohibit subversive individuals from new man learns this and he has sufficient order passed 7 years ago the registrant is representing employees for the purposes funds, he buys himself additional trousers required to pay $8 per month for the support and shirts and although it is contemplated of a bastard child until the child either dies of the National Labor Relations Act." that two more pairs of trousers and shirts or becomes 16 years of age, which is the As a member of the House Labor Com­ shall be issued to him by the Government, requirement under the Maryland law. He mittee, and also as one who has alwaYs actually this has not been done for some has been making his payments regularly and given my full support to the cause of unknown reason although the soldier can could and would do so if he were inducted labor, I am certain that the real labor purchase them from civilian stores without into the Army, but because of the fact there leaders and the rank and file of labor difficulty. I know whereof I speak because is no such thing as a compulsory allotment want to rid their organization of leaders I have purchased both trousers and shirts and there is no possibility of requiring it, the for soldiers at Fort Meade. Also there are Federal authorities rejected him. who do not believe in our form of Govern­ many .other items· of personal equipment ment. The great groups of labor are not which every soldier needs and has that are And in case B- going to sit idly by and let a few un­ required to be accumulated at the outset The man is under court order by a Massa­ Americans manage their labor organiza­ of his military career and it is somewhat chusetts court to pay $12 per month alimony. tion and ,disrupt our national-defense unfortunate for him that at the time he He has been out of Massachusetts ever since program. They want to preserve the needs to make his greatest amount of pur­ the order was passed and actually has made gains labor has made in the past. chases he is drawing the smallest amount of no payments pursuant to it, nor can he be At this point I would like to quote from pay that he will receive during his career. compelled to do so if he continues in civil life In the old days when soldiers had a large and stays out of Massachusetts, yet because the constitution of the United Mine initial clothing allowance· they procured at of the order the Federal authorities rejected Workers of America, page 48, article 14, the start a full complement of everything they him for induction. If a compulsory allot­ section 2: needed, which was charged against their m~nt could be required the wife in Massa­ Any member accepting membership in the credit under clothing allowance. Now they chusetts would obviously be much better off Industrial Workers of the World, the Working have no clothing allowance :md everything financially than she is now. · Class Union, the One Big Union, or any other is issued to them, but the issues are not dual organization not atmiated with the complete by any means when they join up Mr. Chairman, I am sure the splendid Congress of Industrial Organizations, or mem­ and that is the time they need them most. Committee on Military Affairs, from bership in the National Chamber of Com­ The hundreds of selectees that I have per­ which the legislation now before us is merce, or the Ku Klux Klan, or the Com­ sonally seen and in a sense inspected are an reported will give consideration to the munist Party, shall be expelled from the excellent bunch of men, way ahead of what United Mine Workers of America, and is per­ we got in 1917, and you know as well as I matters I have discussed. Insofar as it is possible for them to be covered by manently debarred from holding office in the do the advantage of starting a man out in United Mine Workers of America and no his military career with not only teaching amendments at this time, -I propose to members of any such organizations shall be him about keeping himself neat and clean, attempt such a procedure when the bill permitted to have membership in our union but also giving him the wherewithal with is being read under the 5-minute rule. unless they forfeit their membership in the which to do it. But as some suggested changes are ad­ dual organization immediately upon securing Those of us who have had occasional mittedly not germane to the bill now membership in the United Mine Workers of association-and all Members of Con­ before us, it is possible that they cannot America. Any member of the United Mine be offered as amendments to the pending Workers of America who accepts office in any gress have had some-with the new draft dual organization shall be permanently ex­ army, are well aware the argument bill. In this event I ho:t-e the committee pelled from the United Mine Workers of Amer­ presented in the foregoing letter pos­ will in due time give consideration to ica, unless reinstated by the International sessed much truth. Let us do something including such changes in the later Executive Board. recommendation to the House. about it and erase this silly provision in Harmonious relations between indus­ the existing law discriminating between [Here the gavel fell.] Mr. · COLE of Maryland. Mr. Chair­ try and labor are vital not only to the the pay of a draftee upon his induction. employer and the employee but to .the and his pay 4 months thereafter. . man, I ask unanimous consent to revise and extend my remarks and include Nation as a whole. The success of every The foregoing would make it easier for industry and the welfare of its employees the draftee to make an allotment to his therein some additional references. The CHAffiMAN. Is there objection depend upon harmony and teamwork. family or to be required mandatorily to Labor and capital ar.e too far apart, due make an allotment to dependents. There to the request of the gentleman from Maryland? mostly to a misunderstanding of the in­ should be a provision in the present law terests and the problems of both the em­ such as obtained during 1917-18 whereby There was no objection. ployer and the employee. Businessmen the soldier can be forced under proper Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Chairman, I yield are usually too busy to stop and consider circumstances to make a compulsory 4 minutes to the gentleman from Indiana the problems of their employees. They , allotment. [Mr. LANDIS]. are too busy filling orders, getting new I have had two concrete cases cited to Mr. LANDIS. Mr. Chairman, there is orders, paying taxes, filing Government me which seem to support very definitely a difference between the right to strike reports, and attending to other details. the reason for the compulsory allotment and the right to quit work. The right The management should first seek a being provided as part of the existing to strike will have no value if you take proper method for free exchange of ideas law. For instance in case A- away the effect. and negotiation between the employer The actual contribution toward this sup­ This bill will eliminate the effect of a and the employee. It should also employ port of the family has been less than $15 a strike and if nonunion members are al­ the right kind of foreman and super­ month; however as the family is dependent lowed to work it will eliminate the right visors who can assist, understand, and in part for this $15, or whatever the sum is, of a closed shop. the draft board has no alternative but to appreciate the problems of the em­ classify the man in No. A and thereby exempt If you really wa:p.t to curb the strikes ployees. A real foreman will lead his him from service. This is particularly true in America, let us help labor rid their workers, not drive them. where by court order the registrant is re­ organizations of un-American officers. With the proper procedure and team­ quired to pay a small sum for the support of PLACE AMERICANS ON GUARD work, industry can give the men and a bastard child or for alimony. In such a Real Americans must be placed on women of America a measure of oppor­ case he is not in any sense of the word main­ tunity and security such as · the world taining a home but because of the court guard for the greatest test of moral, phy­ requirement there is no alternative for the sical, and spiritual courage. America has never known. A better understand­ draft board but to classify him in No. A. has no place for an individual who places ing between labor and capital will give us And it is no answer to say that the man can, any other flag, constitution, way of life, the much needed result, a full day's work if he desires, make the payment ordered out or any other ideals of Government above for a full day's pay. of \).is Army pay, because as a matter of fact, our own. If we are to preserve our lib­ Higher income to the employee should even though the board sends the man for erty and continue to go forward we must be based on the regularity of employ­ induction, the very instant the examination ment and on the wage rates consistent at headquarters discloses that he is under a have the right kind of leadership to meet compulsory order to make payment he is re­ the challenge from across the seas. We with the conditions in the community. jected by the Federal authorities and the must gird ourselves to resist all attacks Increased wage rates will also depend draft board is criticised tor submitting him on the American way of life and also upon profits, cost of living, and the work­ for induction. strength~n the foundation for our future. ers' ability to increase production. 5914 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--:HOUSE JULY 9 The American system of free competi­ fair to them to take advantage of their its most sincere greetings and felicitations tion and private enterprise is better than position to destroy the rights and privi­ to the Chamber of :qeputies of the Republic leges they have enjoyed and will enjoy of Argentina and to the people of the Re­ anything that has been offered as a sub­ public of Argentina on the occasion of the stitute. Our system is not perfect, but it when their service to their country is celebration of the One Hundred and Twenty­ is responsive to the demands of progress terminated? fifth Anniversary of the D€claration of Ar­ and to the requirements of the common Is it not a fact that the Mediation gentine Independence, and expresses its pro­ welfare. It has made mistakes, but it has Board is now functioning so well that found appreciation for the message of the not failed to correct its methods when there is absolutely no necessity for legis­ Argen~ine Chamber of Deputies on the occa­ the right remedy was found. If we are lation of this kind which will have the sion of the Anniversary of the Independence to continue to have American political effect of destroying the morale of the of the United States of America. and religious freedom, assurance to the workers who are giving their best to pro­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to common man that o_I;portunity is rich duce the implements so badly needed to the request of the gentleman from New and free, that each may go as far and protect our country in its defense effort? York? climb as high as his abilities can carry No Member of this House deplores the There was no objection. him, we must fortify with hope and pur­ mistakes made by certain individuals in The resolution was agreed to. pose the spirit of our people. the labor organizations more than I do. A motion to reconsider was laid on Whenever all groups in America accept They are responsible for alienating the the table. the solemn responsibility of trying to affections of many friends of labor, but IGNACE JAN PADEREWSKI build the economic phases of our democ­ surely that is no good reason for punish­ racy, we will begin to make progress. A ing the honest, courageous, loyal men and Mr. BEITER. Mr. Speaker, I offer a nation, like a family, cannot exist unless women of America who are giving their resolution and ask unanimous consent there is mutual respect, confidence, and best to the defense of their country. for its immediate consideraton. understanding. In our struggle for jus­ The disloyal, subversive element in labor The Clerk read the resolution (H. Res. tice we should temper our desires with a · should and will be eliminated by the 269), as follows: sense of fairness for other groups. We workers themselves. Congress is appro­ Resolved, That the House of Representa­ · must stand united for the future, and priating huge sums of money for defense. tives of the United States of America has all can benefit if all will serve. We must Do not destroy our first line of defense by learned with profound sorrow of the death seek to correct our problems in the Amer­ legislative shackles on the patriotic of Ignace Jan Paderewski, chairman of the National Council of the Republic of Poland, ican way of adjustment, arbitration, and workers of America. You and I know former President of the Council of Ministers with a live-and-help-live policy. that without the wholehearted support of of Poland, and world renowned pianist; a Our security will be attained by add­ labor, defense work would be hampered. foremost champion of freedom and demo­ ing human liberties, not by subtracting We shall have that wholehearted support cratic ideals, restorer of Polish independence, from human rights. The imagination by playing fair with labor as we have spiritual leader and champion of the op­ and skill of our scientists, engineers, and with industry. Team work is essential to pressed. workers can be directed toward raising success. American democracy, not dic­ Resolved, That the House of Representa­ tatorship, is our objective. tives sympathizes with the millions of Poles the living standards of all our people. throughout the world on the loss of this 'With courage, leadership, vision, and sac­ An act of Congress to do this is an in­ outstanding leader of Polish freedom and in­ rifice, democracy will advance toward sult to every decent worker in this coun­ dependence who effected superlative gains new horizons filled with greater hope for try. I protest such me~hods, and I call in his own patriotic endeavors, who pleaded all mankind. upon my colleagues to defeat the amend­ for the afilicted of all nations, and who Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 ments to this bill and vote on it as a manif€sted the greatest humanitarianism to minutes to the gentlewoman from New Selective Service Act, not as a labor­ the point of self-deprivation. baiting bill. Resolved, That the Secretary of State be re­ Jersey [Mrs. NORTON]. quested to communicate this expression of Mrs. NORTON. Mr. Chairman, I have Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I move that sentiment to the Honorable Jan Ciechanow­ a great deal of respect for the chairman the Committee do now rise. Sl{i, Polish Ambassador at Washington. of the Committee on Military Affairs, The motion was agreed to. my good friend the gentleman from Ken­ Accordingly the Committee rose; and The SPEAKER. Is there objection to tucky [Mr. MAYJ. I know he has had a the Speaker having resumed the chair, the request of the gentleman from New Mr. BLAND, Chairman of the Committee York? great deal of serious work before that Tnere was no objection. committee and that he has been work­ of the Whole House on the state of the Union, reported that that Committee, Mr. BEITER. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ ing very earnestly for the defense pro­ imous consent to extend my own remarks gram. I appreciate that, and I regret having had under consideration thr. bill (S. 1524.) to authorize the deferment of at this point in the RECORD. very much that I must criticize any part The SPEAKER. Is there objection to of the bill he has brought before the men by age group or groups under the Selective Training and Service Act of the request of the gentleman from New House. However, I find myself in com­ York? plete disagreement with his bill from sec­ 1940, pursuant to House Resolution 243, had come to no resolution thereon. There was no objection. tion 2 on. I am in complete agreement Mr. BEITER. Mr. Speaker, on June 29 with section 1. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH AN· the world learned with sorrow of the S. 1524 is supposed to be an act to NIVERSARY OF THE DECLARATION OF death of a foremost statesman, humani­ authorize deferment of men by age group ARGENTINE INDEPENDENCE tarian, idealist, and artist--Ignace Jan or groups under the Selective Service Act Paderewski. Here was a man who was of 1940. Mr. BLOOM. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ imous consent for the immediate con­ idealistic in his cherished beliefs in dem­ When you read the purpose of the act sideration of a resolution, which I send ocratic principles of freedom and lib­ it is di:fficult to understand why it has to the Clerk's desk. erty-a man loved by all liberty-loving been used to bait labor or as a vehicle for The Clerk read the resolution (H. Res. men and women throughout the world. labor legislation. There is a committee 268), as follows: He sacrificed his life, his genius, and his in this House to consider labor legisla­ wealth to aid the oppressed. Despite his tion, but this committee is and has been Whereas the independence of the Republic of Argentina was declared on July 9, 1816; and fame as an artist, he was as simple and completely ignored by referring bills to Whereas the Chamber of Deputies of Ar­ humble in his contacts with all men as other committees that should have b·een gentina on July 4, 1941, sent to the House of any truly great man must be to win the sent to the Committee on Labor and in Representatives of the United States a cor­ love and affection of his compatriots. this instance by tacking an anti-strike dial message on the occasion of the anniver­ The American people join with the rider to a very worthy bill. Are the sary of the independence of the United States people of Poland in mourning the death authors of these amendments afraid to of America; and of Paderewski. They will remember• him let the amendments be considered as Whereas the close relations of fraternity and amity which have always bound theRe­ as a genius ranking with Liszt and Ruben­ amendments instead of as a rider? Are public of Argentina and the United States stein, bringing joy and peace to the hearts they fearful that they could not stand have happily grown stronger through the of millions with his superb mastery of the alone? Do they forget that the men in years: Now, therefore, be it piano. It is said that the American people the camps are themselves workers who Resolved, That the House of Representa­ recognized his genius long before the will be affected by this legislation? Is it tives of the United States of America extends critics, and he contended that his great- 1941 CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD-HOUSE 5915 est successes were here in the United have lost a friend. Able, fearless: he was ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED States. He felt at home here as nowhere a great American. He loved his country Mr. KffiWAN, from the Committee on else, and because he was always warmly and all its fine traditions. He fought to Enrolled Bills, reported that that com­ received he held our country in affection keep alive our free American form of gov­ mittee had examined and found truly and esteem. ernment. In that fight he worked far enrolled bills of the House of the follow­ At the outbreak of the first World War, beyond his strength, and the last thing I ing titles, which were thereupon signed by Paderewski immediately set himself the ever heard him say was, "I suppose I am the Speaker: task of laboring for the liberation of his working too hard, but I cannot let down. H. R. 2097. An act to amend the Tennessee country. He did much to enlist . world I have a duty to perform." He gave his Valley Authority Act, as amended, by strik­ support for the restoration of Poland. life in the service of his country just as ing therefrom subsection (k) of section 4, His simple words on the lecture platform truly as did his son, who died as a result and substituting therefor a new subsection endeared him to Americans everywhere. of World War service. (k); It was largely through his efforts that the One of STEPHEN BOLLES' favorite quo­ H . R. 2308. An act to ratify a lease entered fourteenth of Wilson's 14 points was de­ tations was from Edward Everett Hale: into by certain Mission Indians of California; H . R. 4700. An act to provide for priorities voted to Poland. Unofficial ambassador I am only one, but I am one. I cannot do in transportation by merchant vessels in the of a liberty-loving, oppressed peoples, everything, but I can do something, and what interests of national defense, and for other Paderewski received official recognition I can do, that I ought to do, and what I ought purposes; through our Department of State on many to do, by the grace of God, I will do. H. R. 4839. A act to authorize the Secretary occasions. He was representative of the STEPHEN BOLLES tried to do everything of the Navy to proceed with the construction Polish people at Washington during 1917 he ought to do. He quoted that state­ of certain public works, and for other pur­ and 1918 and assisted in organizing the ment publicly often because he felt it and poses; and Polish Republic in 1918 and 1919. He H. R. 4887. An act to authorize the con­ lived by that maxim. One of his constit­ struction of Coast Guard cutters necessary in was president of the Polish delegation to uents who heard him use it said: the interest of national defense, and for per­ the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 and That is the soul of STEPHEN BOLLES. formance of Coast Guard duties, and for other was the first Polish delegate of the Coun­ purposes. EXTENSION OF REMARKS cil of Ambassadors to the League of ADJOURNMENT Nations in 1920. In addition, he was at Mrs. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, I ask one time Minister of Foreign Affairs for unanimous consent to extend my own re­ Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I Poland, President of the Council of Min­ marks in the RECORD and include therein move that the House do now adjourn. isters of the Republic of Poland, and at an address delivered by Mrs. Roosevelt The motion was agreed to. Accord­ the time of his death served as Chairman recently at the St. Paul Auditorium at St. ingly (at 5 o'clock and 38 minutes p. m. l of the National Council of the Republic Paul, Minn. This will take up more than the House adjourned to meet, in accord­ of Poland. the space usually al.lD.wed under the rules ance with its previous order, on Thurs­ Despite the worldly honors which were governing the printing of the RECORD, but day, July 10, 1941, at 11 o'clock a. m. conferred upon this talented man, his I ask that it be printed regardless of that greatest happiness came in contributing fact. COMMITTEE HEARINGS his time and resources to the needy of The SPEAKEI:. Is there objection to his own and other lands. To the Amer­ the request of the gentlewoman from New COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS ican people Mr. Paderewski stands as a Jersey? There will be a meeting of the Commit­ symbol of liberty. He will take his place There was no objection. tee on Public Buildings and Grounds at in history with Pulaski and Kosciuszko, Mr. HOOK. Mr. Speaker, I ask 10 a. m. on Thursday, July 10, 1941, for other Polish patriots who aided us so unanimous consent to extend my re­ consideration of H. R. 5211. nobly in our own fight for freedom and marks in the RECORD by including a COMMITl'EE ON INVALID PENSIONS liberty. His faith and courage will long news item from PM on the pending bill. remain in the hearts of Poland's sons. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to The Committee on Invalid Pensions We extend our heartfelt sympathy to the request of the gentleman from Mich- will hold public hearings on H. R. 2472, the millions of Poles throughout the world igan? • entitled 4'A bill to provide pensions· to and especially to those in his native land There was no objection. members Qf the Regular Army, Navy, who are once again in need of liberation.