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National Life Stories an Oral History of British
NATIONAL LIFE STORIES AN ORAL HISTORY OF BRITISH SCIENCE Professor Bob Dickson Interviewed by Dr Paul Merchant C1379/56 © The British Library Board http://sounds.bl.uk This interview and transcript is accessible via http://sounds.bl.uk . © The British Library Board. Please refer to the Oral History curators at the British Library prior to any publication or broadcast from this document. Oral History The British Library 96 Euston Road London NW1 2DB United Kingdom +44 (0)20 7412 7404 [email protected] Every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of this transcript, however no transcript is an exact translation of the spoken word, and this document is intended to be a guide to the original recording, not replace it. Should you find any errors please inform the Oral History curators. © The British Library Board http://sounds.bl.uk British Library Sound Archive National Life Stories Interview Summary Sheet Title Page Ref no: C1379/56 Collection title: An Oral History of British Science Interviewee’s surname: Dickson Title: Professor Interviewee’s forename: Bob Sex: Male Occupation: oceanographer Date and place of birth: 4th December, 1941, Edinburgh, Scotland Mother’s occupation: Housewife , art Father’s occupation: Schoolmaster teacher (part time) [chemistry] Dates of recording, Compact flash cards used, tracks [from – to]: 9/8/11 [track 1-3], 16/12/11 [track 4- 7], 28/10/11 [track 8-12], 14/2/13 [track 13-15] Location of interview: CEFAS [Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science], Lowestoft, Suffolk Name of interviewer: Dr Paul Merchant Type of recorder: Marantz PMD661 Recording format : 661: WAV 24 bit 48kHz Total no. -
Teeming Boisterous Life Dents Are Powerfully Motivated by Exposing All Their Senses to Steinbeck’S “Teeming Boister- Known with Good Reason As the ‘Death Apple’
BOOKS & ARTS NATURE|Vol 443|21 September 2006 and learn invertebrate anatomy by preparing a paella. This is not educational sadism, as stu- Teeming boisterous life dents are powerfully motivated by exposing all their senses to Steinbeck’s “teeming boister- known with good reason as the ‘death apple’. ous life”. Watching my own students scramble Sensuous Seas: Tales of a Marine Biologist by Eugene H. Kaplan This compendium of sex and death provides across rocky shores and peer tremulously under Princeton University Press: 2006. 288 pp. plenty for raconteurs wanting to leave a lasting seaweed, I can only agree that these activities $24.95, £15.95 impression on friends, relatives or — in Kap- ignite interest and trigger understanding. lan’s case — students. People sometimes ask me whether the world Jon Copley Each of the 31 chapters opens with either one really needs more marine-biology graduates. “What good men most biologists are, the ten- of Kaplan’s own memoirs or a scenario from his Despite the vast challenge of exploring and ors of the scientific world — temperamental, imagination, before exploring the marine biol- understanding the marine realm, very few moody, lecherous, loud-laughing, and healthy,” ogy behind the tale. As a result, a reader may students actually become career scientists, wrote John Steinbeck in The Log from the Sea sometimes wonder where the book is going, as openings are highly competitive now that of Cortez (Viking, 1951). “The true biologist although the entertainment seldom flags. But universities are turning out more and more deals with life, with teeming boisterous life, PhDs. -
New Species, Corallivory, in Situ Video Observations and Overview of the Goniasteridae (Valvatida, Asteroidea) in the Hawaiian Region
Zootaxa 3926 (2): 211–228 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3926.2.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:39FE0179-9D06-4FC2-9465-CE69D79B933F New species, corallivory, in situ video observations and overview of the Goniasteridae (Valvatida, Asteroidea) in the Hawaiian Region CHRISTOPHER L. MAH Dept. of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20007 Abstract Two new species of Goniasteridae, Astroceramus eldredgei n. sp. and Apollonaster kelleyi n. sp. are described from the Hawaiian Islands region. Prior to this occurrence, Apollonaster was known only from the North Atlantic. The Goniasteri- dae is the most diverse family of asteroids in the Hawaiian region. Additional in situ observations of several goniasterid species, including A. eldredgei n. sp. are reported. These observations extend documentation of deep-sea corallivory among goniasterid asteroids. New species occurrences presented herein suggested further biogeographic affinities be- tween tropical Pacific and Atlantic goniasterid faunas. Key words: Goniasteridae, Valvatida, deep-sea, Hawaiian Islands, predation Introduction Recent discoveries of new genera and species from deep-sea habitats along with new in situ video observations have provided us with new ecological insight into these poorly understood and formerly inaccessible settings (e.g., Mah et al. 2010, 2014; Mah & Foltz 2014). Hawaiian deep-sea Asteroidea are taxonomically diverse and occur in an active area of oceanographic and biological research (Chave and Malahoff 1998). New data on asteroids in this area presents an opportunity to review and highlight this diverse fauna. -
Genomic Insights of Body Plan Transitions from Bilateral to Pentameral Symmetry in Echinoderms
ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-1091-1 OPEN Genomic insights of body plan transitions from bilateral to pentameral symmetry in Echinoderms Yongxin Li1, Akihito Omori 2, Rachel L. Flores3, Sheri Satterfield3, Christine Nguyen3, Tatsuya Ota 4, Toko Tsurugaya5, Tetsuro Ikuta6,7, Kazuho Ikeo4, Mani Kikuchi8, Jason C. K. Leong9, Adrian Reich 10, Meng Hao1, Wenting Wan1, Yang Dong 11, Yaondong Ren1, Si Zhang12, Tao Zeng 12, Masahiro Uesaka13, 1234567890():,; Yui Uchida9,14, Xueyan Li 1, Tomoko F. Shibata9, Takahiro Bino15, Kota Ogawa16, Shuji Shigenobu 15, Mariko Kondo 9, Fayou Wang12, Luonan Chen 12,17, Gary Wessel10, Hidetoshi Saiga7,9,18, ✉ ✉ R. Andrew Cameron 19, Brian Livingston3, Cynthia Bradham20, Wen Wang 1,21,22 & Naoki Irie 9,14,22 Echinoderms are an exceptional group of bilaterians that develop pentameral adult symmetry from a bilaterally symmetric larva. However, the genetic basis in evolution and development of this unique transformation remains to be clarified. Here we report newly sequenced genomes, developmental transcriptomes, and proteomes of diverse echinoderms including the green sea urchin (L. variegatus), a sea cucumber (A. japonicus), and with particular emphasis on a sister group of the earliest-diverged echinoderms, the feather star (A. japo- nica). We learned that the last common ancestor of echinoderms retained a well-organized Hox cluster reminiscent of the hemichordate, and had gene sets involved in endoskeleton development. Further, unlike in other animal groups, the most conserved developmental stages were not at the body plan establishing phase, and genes normally involved in bila- terality appear to function in pentameric axis development. These results enhance our understanding of the divergence of protostomes and deuterostomes almost 500 Mya. -
Diversity and Phylogeography of Southern Ocean Sea Stars (Asteroidea)
Diversity and phylogeography of Southern Ocean sea stars (Asteroidea) Thesis submitted by Camille MOREAU in fulfilment of the requirements of the PhD Degree in science (ULB - “Docteur en Science”) and in life science (UBFC – “Docteur en Science de la vie”) Academic year 2018-2019 Supervisors: Professor Bruno Danis (Université Libre de Bruxelles) Laboratoire de Biologie Marine And Dr. Thomas Saucède (Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté) Biogéosciences 1 Diversity and phylogeography of Southern Ocean sea stars (Asteroidea) Camille MOREAU Thesis committee: Mr. Mardulyn Patrick Professeur, ULB Président Mr. Van De Putte Anton Professeur Associé, IRSNB Rapporteur Mr. Poulin Elie Professeur, Université du Chili Rapporteur Mr. Rigaud Thierry Directeur de Recherche, UBFC Examinateur Mr. Saucède Thomas Maître de Conférences, UBFC Directeur de thèse Mr. Danis Bruno Professeur, ULB Co-directeur de thèse 2 Avant-propos Ce doctorat s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une cotutelle entre les universités de Dijon et Bruxelles et m’aura ainsi permis d’élargir mon réseau au sein de la communauté scientifique tout en étendant mes horizons scientifiques. C’est tout d’abord grâce au programme vERSO (Ecosystem Responses to global change : a multiscale approach in the Southern Ocean) que ce travail a été possible, mais aussi grâce aux collaborations construites avant et pendant ce travail. Cette thèse a aussi été l’occasion de continuer à aller travailler sur le terrain des hautes latitudes à plusieurs reprises pour collecter les échantillons et rencontrer de nouveaux collègues. Par le biais de ces trois missions de recherches et des nombreuses conférences auxquelles j’ai activement participé à travers le monde, j’ai beaucoup appris, tant scientifiquement qu’humainement. -
Echinodermata: Crinoidea: Comatulida: Comasteridae) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan*
Zootaxa 3367: 252–268 (2012) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Comanthus kumi, a new shallow-water comatulid (Echinodermata: Crinoidea: Comatulida: Comasteridae) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan* YOSHIHISA FUJITA1,2,4 & MASAMI OBUCHI3 1University Education Center, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan. E-mail: [email protected] 2Marine Learning Center, 2-95-101 Miyagi, Chatan-cho, Okinawa 904-0113, Japan. 3Biological Institute on Kuroshio 560 Nishidomari, Otuski-cho, Kochi, 788-0333 Japan. E-mail: [email protected] 4Corresponding author * In: Naruse, T., Chan, T.-Y., Tan, H.H., Ahyong, S.T. & Reimer, J.D. (2012) Scientific Results of the Marine Biodiversity Expedition — KUMEJIMA 2009. Zootaxa, 3367, 1–280. Abstract A new species of the genus Comanthus A.H. Clark, 1908, is described on the basis of specimens collected from Kume Island and Okinawa Island, the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Comanthus kumi n. sp. is distinguished from all ten congeners by having extremely elongate arms exceeding 300 mm in length and the colouration in life. The new species concealed its whole body in a crevice or small hole on coral reefs during the day and protruded only several elongate arms on the reef surface at night. This habit suggests that the new species is nocturnal. Key words: Crinoidea, Comatulida, Comasteridae, new species, Okinawa Introduction The species of the comatulid genus Comanthus A.H. Clark, 1908 are well known in shallow-water coral reefs (Kogo 1998; Rowe et al. 1986). The genus was established by A.H. -
The Sea Stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea): Their Biology, Ecology, Evolution and Utilization OPEN ACCESS
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328063815 The Sea Stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea): Their Biology, Ecology, Evolution and Utilization OPEN ACCESS Article · January 2018 CITATIONS READS 0 6 5 authors, including: Ferdinard Olisa Megwalu World Fisheries University @Pukyong National University (wfu.pknu.ackr) 3 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Population Dynamics. View project All content following this page was uploaded by Ferdinard Olisa Megwalu on 04 October 2018. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Review Article Published: 17 Sep, 2018 SF Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering The Sea Stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea): Their Biology, Ecology, Evolution and Utilization Rahman MA1*, Molla MHR1, Megwalu FO1, Asare OE1, Tchoundi A1, Shaikh MM1 and Jahan B2 1World Fisheries University Pilot Programme, Pukyong National University (PKNU), Nam-gu, Busan, Korea 2Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh Abstract The Sea stars (Asteroidea: Echinodermata) are comprising of a large and diverse groups of sessile marine invertebrates having seven extant orders such as Brisingida, Forcipulatida, Notomyotida, Paxillosida, Spinulosida, Valvatida and Velatida and two extinct one such as Calliasterellidae and Trichasteropsida. Around 1,500 living species of starfish occur on the seabed in all the world's oceans, from the tropics to subzero polar waters. They are found from the intertidal zone down to abyssal depths, 6,000m below the surface. Starfish typically have a central disc and five arms, though some species have a larger number of arms. The aboral or upper surface may be smooth, granular or spiny, and is covered with overlapping plates. -
Marine Natural Products (2016) C7NP00052A Supplementary Information John W
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Natural Product Reports. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Marine natural products (2016) C7NP00052A Supplementary Information John W. Blunt, Anthony R. Carroll, Brent R. Copp, Rohan A. Davis, Robert A. Keyzers and Michèle R. Prinsep 1 Introduction 2 1.1 Abbreviations 3 2 Additional reviews 4 3 Marine microorganisms and phytoplankton 3.1 Marine-sourced bacteria 8 3.2 Marine-sourced fungi (excluding from mangroves) 21 3.3 Fungi from mangroves 42 3.4 Cyanobacteria 50 3.5 Dinoflagellates 53 4 Green algae 55 5 Brown algae 55 6 Red algae 57 7 Sponges 59 8 Cnidarians 74 9 Bryozoans - 10 Molluscs 87 11 Tunicates (ascidians) 89 12 Echinoderms 90 13 Mangroves and the intertidal zone 96 14 Miscellaneous 97 15 Bibliography 98 1 1 Introduction In the main Review document, only the structures of a selection of highlighted compounds referred to in the Review for that publication. This information is provided in the following are shown. However, all structures are available for viewing, along with names, taxonomic order, again separated by // (* is inserted where there are no data): Compound number, origins, locations, biological activities and other information in this Supplementary Status (N for a new compound; M for new to marine; R for a revision (structure, Information (SI) document. Each page of the SI document contains at least one array of stereochemistry, stereochemical assignment etc)), Compound name, Biological activity numbered structures. The numbers are those assigned in the Review document. For and Other information. To assist your viewing these headings are noted in the footer at structures that have their absolute configurations fully described, the compound number in the bottom of each page. -
First Record of the Irregular Sea Urchin Lovenia Cordiformis (Echinodermata: Spatangoida: Loveniidae) in Colombia C
Muñoz and Londoño-Cruz Marine Biodiversity Records (2016) 9:67 DOI 10.1186/s41200-016-0022-9 RECORD Open Access First record of the irregular sea urchin Lovenia cordiformis (Echinodermata: Spatangoida: Loveniidae) in Colombia C. G. Muñoz1* and E. Londoño-Cruz1,2 Abstract Background: A first record of occurrence of the irregular sea urchin Lovenia cordiformis in the Colombian Pacific is herein reported. Results: We collected one specimen of Lovenia cordiformis at Gorgona Island (Colombia) in a shallow sandy bottom next to a coral reef. Basic morphological data and images of the collected specimen are presented. The specimen now lies at the Echinoderm Collection of the Marine Biology Section at Universidad del Valle (Cali, Colombia; Tag Code UNIVALLE: CRBMeq-UV: 2014–001). Conclusions: This report fills a gap in and completes the distribution of the species along the entire coast of the Panamic Province in the Tropical Eastern Pacific, updating the echinoderm richness for Colombia to 384 species. Keywords: Lovenia cordiformis, Loveniidae, Sea porcupine, Heart urchin, Gorgona Island Background continental shelf of the Pacific coast of Colombia, filling Heart shape-bodied sea urchins also known as sea por- in a gap of its coastal distribution in the Tropical Eastern cupines (family Loveniidae), are irregular echinoids char- Pacific (TEP). acterized by its secondary bilateral symmetry. Unlike most sea urchins, features of the Loveniidae provide dif- Materials and methods ferent anterior-posterior ends, with mouth and anus lo- One Lovenia cordiformis specimen was collected on cated ventrally and distally on an oval-shaped horizontal October 19, 2012 by snorkeling during low tide at ap- plane. -
The Ophiocoma Species (Ophiurida: Ophiocomidae) of South Africa
Western Indian Ocean J Mar. Sci. Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 137-154, 2012 © 2012 WIOMSA 243808 The Ophiocoma species (Ophiurida: Ophiocomidae) of South Africa Jennifer M. Olbers1 and Yves Samyn2 1Zoology Department, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa; 2Belgian Focal Point to the Global Taxonomy Initiative, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Belgium. Keywords: Ophiocoma, neotype, taxonomy, Ophiuroidea, Indo-West Pacific, Western Indian Ocean, KwaZulu-Natal. Abstract-This study raises the number of Ophiocoma species recorded in South Africa from four to eight. All species are briefly discussed in terms of taxonomy, geographic distribution and ecology. In addition, the juvenile of 0. brevipes, found on the underside of adult Ophiocoma brevipes specimens, is described in detail. A neotype is designated for 0. scolopendrina. INTRODUCTION The Indo-Pacific distribution of The circumtropical family Ophiocomidae Ophiocoma has been dealt with by several holds some of the more dominant and authors (e.g. Clark & Rowe 1971; Cherbonnier conspicuous ophiuroid species present on & Guille 1978; Rowe & Gates 1995). Clark coral and rocky reefs. The family is rich, with and Rowe (1971) listed 11 species from the eight genera, two of which were relatively Indo-West Pacific (including the Red Sea recently reviewed by Devaney (1968; 1970; and the Persian Gulf). Since then, a few new 1978). One of these, Ophiocoma Agassiz, species have been added (Rowe & Pawson 1836, is well represented in the tropical to 1977; Bussarawit & Rowe 1985; Soliman subtropical waters of KwaZulu-Natal in 1991; Benavides-Serrato & O'Hara 2008), South Africa and its constituent species are bringing the total number of valid species in 1 documented here. -
UNIVERSITY of SOUTHAMPTON Systematics and Phylogeny of The
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON Systematics and Phylogeny of the Holothurian Family Synallactidae Francisco Alonso Solís Marín Doctor of Philosophy SCHOOL OF OCEAN AND EARTH SCIENCE July 2003 Graduate School of the Southampton Oceanography Centre This PhD dissertation by: Francisco Alonso Solís Marín Has been produced under the supervision of the following persons: Supervisors: Prof. Paul A. Tyler Dr. David Billett Dr. Alex D. Rogers Chair of Advisory Panel: Dr. Martin Sheader “I think the Almighty put synallactids on this earth as some sort of punishment.” Dave Pawson DECLARATION This thesis is the result of work completed wholly while registered as a postgraduate in the School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT FACULTY OF SCIENCE SCHOOL OF OCEAN AND EARTH SCIENCE Doctor of Philosophy Systematics and Phylogeny of the Holothurian Family Synallactidae By Francisco Alonso Solís-Marín The sea cucumbers of the family Synallactidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) are mostly restricted to the deep sea. They comprise of approximately 131 species, about one-third of all known deep-sea holothurian species. Many species are morphologically similar, making their identification and classification difficult. The aim of this study is to present the phylogeny of the family Synallactidae based on DNA sequences of the mitochondrial large subunit rRNA (16S), cytochrome oxidase I (COI) genes and morphological taxonomy characters. In order to examine type specimens, corroborate distributional data and collect muscles tissues for the DNA analyses, 7 institutions that hold holothurian specimens were visited. For each synallactid species, selected synonymy, primary diagnosis, location of type material, type locality, distributional data (geographical and bathymetrical) and extra biological information were extracted from the primary references. -
The Panamic Biota: Some Observations Prior to a Sea-Level Canal
Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington No. 2 THE PANAMIC BIOTA: SOME OBSERVATIONS PRIOR TO A SEA-LEVEL CANAL A Symposium Sponsored by The Biological Society of Washington The Conservation Foundation The National Museum of Natural History The Smithsonian Institution MEREDITH L. JONES, Editor September 28, 1972 CONTENTS Foreword The Editor - - - - - - - - - - Introduction Meredith L. Jones ____________ vi A Tribute to Waldo Lasalle Schmitt George A. Llano 1 Background for a New, Sea-Level, Panama Canal David Challinor - - - - - - - - - - - Observations on the Ecology of the Caribbean and Pacific Coasts of Panama - - - - Peter W. Glynn _ 13 Physical Characteristics of the Proposed Sea-Level Isthmian Canal John P. Sheffey - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 31 Exchange of Water through the Proposed Sea-Level Canal at Panama Donald R. F. Harleman - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 41 Biological Results of the University of Miami Deep-Sea Expeditions. 93. Comments Concerning the University of Miami's Marine Biological Survey Related to the Panamanian Sea-Level Canal Gilbert L. Voss - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 49 Museums as Environmental Data Banks: Curatorial Problems Posed by an Extensive Biological Survey Richard S. Cowan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 59 A Review of the Marine Plants of Panama Sylvia A. Earle - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 69 Ecology and Species Diversity of