PDF Linkchapter

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

PDF Linkchapter Index Page numbers in italic denote figures. Page numbers in bold denote tables. AAPG. See American Association of aeromagnetic modelling Alba Field 337–342 Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) NUG 33 Alba drilling technology 340–342 a˚1 Basin area 139 Africa. See also specific areas e.g. North cartoon geological models 340 Abolag-1 well Africa 4D data showing water cones 341 stromatolitic carbonates 680 erosion 679 4D seismic results 346 Taoudenni Basin 679 exploring older and deeper hydrocarbon 4D seismic showing OWC Abu Zenima 772 plays 681–682 movement 341 Acacus Formation 686 heritage palaeohighs 718 EOR mechanisms 346 acoustic impedance (AI) 510 orogen 708 fault baffling 340 Chalk units 543, 547 AFTA. See apatite fission track analysis fault interpretation 339 juxtaposition difference value of zero 513 (AFTA) field edge seismic tuning 342 PHIT relationship 547 aggradational prism 89 first step-change 337 South Arne 527, 528 aggrading channels injected sands 340 v. total porosity 543 architecture 84 lithology distribution 342 acoustic pull-ups central North Sea basin Late Neogene MPD 346 MMU 84 below Horizon 6, 83–85 pilot hole-attic oil capture 343 acquisition and processing. See Four geological controls 89–90 production 338 dimensional acquisition and processing Ægir ridges reservoir level acquisition plan spreading rates 579 faulting 337 ISROCK-96 seismic survey 556 Ahara High 712–714 seismic data history 339 Rockall Trough 556 Algeria 712–714 seismic datasets 340 active rifting interpretation 713–714 seismic technology 337–340 Angola 1046 stratigraphic architecture 712–713 shear impedance inversion 337 Adriatic basin Cambro-Ordovician succession TTD 346 geological sections 117 stratigraphic pinchout 712 UKNS maximizing offshore heavy oils hydrocarbon occurrences 117 chronostratigraphic chart 720 fields 337–347 Porto Corsini East gas field 122 Devonian succession 713 field history 337–342, 337–347 Adriatic Sea 121 interpretation 713–714 viscous oil 339 aeolian sandstones 826 shape 713 Alba Northern Platform (ANP) 340 aeromagnetic compilations stratigraphic architecture 712–713, 713 drilling slots 342 average density 570–571 Ahara uplift Al Basin basement rocks magnetic properties 570 Silurian 713 wells VR trends 100 basement structure map 575 Ahnet Basin 686, 729, 733, 738 Alberta bathymetry and topography map 561 Azzel Matti Ridge 720 BCG stratigraphic summary 1102 datasets 559–569 chronostratigraphic chart 720 British Colombia border 1106 aeromagnetic 560 Fammenian sediments 738 Cold Lake Field 7 bathymetric 559–560 Palaeozoic petroleum system 686 4D seismic steam conformance gravity 560–565 AI. See acoustic impedance (AI) maps 1149 petrophysical 565–569 airborne laser scanner 20 Cretaceous section 1099 topographic 559–560 Airy–Heiskanen root 565 Early Cretaceous 1102 Greenland 580–581 Ajjer Tassil outcrops heavy oil deposits 1142 magnetic data 579 Palaeozoic succession stratigraphic column Lower Cretaceous McMurray methods and applications 559–583 709 Formation 1062 modelling 571 Alaminos Canyon area sandstone v. conglomerate 1111 Norway 559–583 roof-edge thrust 904 Albian age Norwegian–Greenland Sea 579 Alaminos Canyon 818 site 1151–1152 Early results 569–580 Alaska Wabiskaw Formation 1144 basement structures 569–573 Amethyst State-1 well 637, 638, 639, 640 Albian–Cenomanian 120 North Atlantic oceanic spreading palaeotemperatures 639 foreland 124 578–580 Brookian sequence 828 hydrocarbon occurrences 124 quaternary sand channels 575–576 exhumation episodes 642 Albian Pinda carbonate play 1045 salt-related magnetic anomalies Mount Elbert Prospect 1151 Albian Wabiskaw Formation 1144 576–578 North Slope Albo-Aptian Kopervik Sandstone 53 sedimentary subcrop pattern 573–575 burial/uplift history 639 algal-derived fluorescent amorphous organic rocks magnetic properties 572 gas hydrates occurrence 1152 matter (AOM) 98 surveys 562, 579 individual episode magnitude 643 Algeria 707, 708, 709, 718, 721, 729, susceptibility log 577 location map 637 731, 733 aeromagnetic data acquisitions wells 640 Ahara High, Illizi, and Berkine basins NUG 33 sedimentary rocks magnetic properties 572 712–714 Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/5106975/9781862394131_backmatter.pdf by guest on 30 September 2021 1198 INDEX Algeria (Continued) time-lapse rock physics 528–533 mountain chains 113 Early Silurian Tannezuft hot shale thermal Tormore 283 Pliocene times 113 maturity 690 analogue models 19 Porto Corsini East gas field 122 field map 1168 Andrew fan axis 436 Settala gas field 123 Neoproterozoic geology 677 Andrew Formation Val d’Agri oil field 121 platform sub-basins 707–708 interbedded turbidites 431 Villafortuna–Trecate oil field 119 reservoirs 753 Aneth Field Appalachian Basin tectonic events 689 location map 1190 US 1090 Tihemboka High, Illizi and Murzuq basins Angola. See also specific location applied time-lapse seismic methods 715–716 active rifting 1046 523–534 Allen, Mark 589 biogenic source rocks TOC 1052 reservoir management 523–534 allochthonous biofacies block 12 South Arne 523–524 North Sea Eldfisk Field 481 thermogenic petroleum systems post-salt time-lapse rock physics AVO inversion Allochthonous Complex 119 1051 528–533 Almada Basin 875 block 15 compaction monitoring on northern crest conjugate margin evolution 879–880 post-salt gas plays 1050 532–533 data 868–869 block 31, 1014 fault control of injected water on SW 2D gravity modelling outline 870 block zero seismic amplitude gas flank 530–532 margin setting 869–874 indications 1051 reservoir depletion of northern crest nature of crust transitional domain database 1046 528–530 874–877 deepwater 1013, 1014 time-lapse seismic data acquisition salt diapirs 871 direct gas indicators 1054 524–528, 525 total rift setting 877–879 estimated methane solubility 1054 AVO inversion 526–527 Almada–Gabon margin 868 future gas exploration 1043–1057 time shifts 525–527 Alpin Anticline 967 biogenic gas unconventional petroleum time-lapse time shift observations 528–533 seismic profile 969, 972 system 1052–1056 Aptian 662 Alpine conceptual Neoproterozoic petroleum coal-bearing muddy sediments 598 collision 265 system 1055–1056 Apulian Platform 119 compression 975 regional framework 1044–1045 Cretaceous age 120 orogen 113 thermogenic petroleum systems geological sections 117 Alpine Foredeep 743 1045–1052 hydrocarbon occurrences 117 Alpine foreland Post-Aptian salt plays 1049–1052 Val d’Agri oil field 121 petroleum geoscientists virtual fieldtrips 25 Pre-Aptian salt plays 1045–1049 aquifer Alportian–Pendleian mudstones 1091 gas discoveries 1047 saline 1191, 1195 Alps 113 gas generation schematic 1052 seal capacity Villafortuna–Trecate oil field 119 generalized basal heat flow 1048 determined 498 Alston Block 1091, 1092 hydrocarbon maturation studies 1046 v. holes 502 Altay mountains 660 methane generation microbial ecosystem Arab Field amalgamated turbidites 279 succession 1053 Jurassic GDE map 795 Amerasia Basin 589, 590 oil exportation 1043 Arab Formation American Association of Petroleum oil production 1043 carbonate grainstone 795 Geologists (AAPG) 13 possible biogenic gas play 1055 grainstones 796 Amethyst State-1 well, Alaska 637, 638, 639, pre-salt gas plays 1046 Arabian Palaeozoic petroleum 640 sedimentary basins 1044, 1044 system 692 palaeotemperatures 639 syn-rift areas 1046 Arabian Plate 684, 812 amplitude variation with offset (AVO) 245, ANP. See Alba Northern Platform (ANP) geology 792 279, 448 Anti-Atlas 729 Middle East exploration potential 794–799 applied time-lapse seismic methods Antrim Shale-analogues with biogenic Ara Group 674 528–533 methane in Europe 1083 Arctic 641. See also Russian Arctic shelves compaction monitoring on northern crest AOM. See algal-derived fluorescent (RAS) geology 532–533 amorphous organic matter (AOM) assessment of undiscovered petroleum fault control of injected water 530–532 apatite fission track analysis (AFTA) 633, 980 resources 621–631 reservoir depletion of northern crest Amethyst State-1 well 638, 639, 640 frontier margins 823 528–530 Arctic 641 offset and curvature of Novaya Zemlya character 443 burial history reconstruction 635 645–656 distribution 441 Carboniferous sandstones 996 sedimentary basin 590 Donan Field 439, 441, 442 Denmark 642 Areoligera gippingensis biomarker 435 signature 439 detailed analysis 639 Argana Basin 930 Forties response with gas v. oil 220 Eocene palaeogeothermal gradients 636 location map 922 gas sand calculation 291 Gro-3 well in Nuussuaq Basin 640 Argana Valley 927 gas sand thickness uncertainty 295 Norwegian wells 989 Arkitsa fault, Greece Laggan 283, 285, 289, 291, 295 palaeotemperatures characterizing 636 petroleum geoscientists virtual fieldtrips Lochranza field development 449 Svalbard 640 24–25 net gas sand map 285 Trail Island 641 Arne–Elin Graben 129 rock physics analysis 437 Apennines 113 Arnsbergian Sabden Shale Seismofacies 289 Eocene to Pliocene times 113 general characteristics 1088–1089 traces 294 frontal thrusts 121 A sandstones structural map 283 geological sections 117 Dooish 950 Tormore 283, 296 hydrocarbon occurrences 117 Dooish area 950 Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/5106975/9781862394131_backmatter.pdf by guest on 30 September 2021 INDEX 1199 Rockall Basin 946, 950 Atlas Basin stratigraphic column 1066 Rockall Basin palaeodrainage 944, 946 Morocco 928 TOC 1067, 1073 Ashgill aged glacial valleys 717 Atwater Valley 1151 upper v. lower 1073 Askrigg Block 67, 1092 Auðhumla Basin Williston Basin 1065–1076 Asl Sandstone 778, 778 bathymetric gorge 973
Recommended publications
  • Glacitectonic Deformation in the Chuos Formation of Northern Namibia Busfield, Marie E.; Le Heron, Daniel P
    Aberystwyth University Glacitectonic deformation in the Chuos Formation of northern Namibia Busfield, Marie E.; Le Heron, Daniel P. Published in: Proceedings of the Geologists' Association DOI: 10.1016/j.pgeola.2012.10.005 Publication date: 2013 Citation for published version (APA): Busfield, M. E., & Le Heron, D. P. (2013). Glacitectonic deformation in the Chuos Formation of northern Namibia: Implications for neoproterozoic ice dynamics. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 124(5), 778- 789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pgeola.2012.10.005 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the Aberystwyth Research Portal (the Institutional Repository) are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the Aberystwyth Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the Aberystwyth Research Portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. tel: +44 1970 62 2400 email: [email protected] Download date: 26. Sep. 2021 Elsevier Editorial System(tm) for Proceedings of the Geologists' Association
    [Show full text]
  • The Onset of Widespread Marine Red Beds and the Evolution of Ferruginous Oceans
    ARTICLE DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00502-x OPEN The onset of widespread marine red beds and the evolution of ferruginous oceans Haijun Song 1, Ganqing Jiang 2, Simon W. Poulton3, Paul B. Wignall3, Jinnan Tong1, Huyue Song1, Zhihui An1, Daoliang Chu1, Li Tian1, Zhenbing She1 & Chengshan Wang4 Banded iron formations were a prevalent feature of marine sedimentation ~3.8–1.8 billion years ago and they provide key evidence for ferruginous oceans. The disappearance of banded iron formations at ~1.8 billion years ago was traditionally taken as evidence for the demise of ferruginous oceans, but recent geochemical studies show that ferruginous con- ditions persisted throughout the later Precambrian, and were even a feature of Phanerozoic ocean anoxic events. Here, to reconcile these observations, we track the evolution of oceanic Fe-concentrations by considering the temporal record of banded iron formations and marine red beds. We find that marine red beds are a prominent feature of the sedimentary record since the middle Ediacaran (~580 million years ago). Geochemical analyses and thermo- dynamic modelling reveal that marine red beds formed when deep-ocean Fe-concentrations were > 4 nM. By contrast, banded iron formations formed when Fe-concentrations were much higher (> 50 μM). Thus, the first widespread development of marine red beds con- strains the timing of deep-ocean oxygenation. 1 State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China. 2 Department of Geoscience, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4010, USA. 3 School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
    [Show full text]
  • Toward a Neoproterozoic Composite Carbon-Isotope Record
    Toward a Neoproterozoic composite carbon-isotope record Galen P. Halverson† Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, 20 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138-2902, USA, and Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Building 54-1126, Cam- bridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA Paul F. Hoffman Daniel P. Schrag Adam C. Maloof‡ Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, 20 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138-2902, USA A. Hugh N. Rice Department of Geological Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria ABSTRACT framework for a new, high-resolution model Various workers have compiled composite carbon-isotope record for the Neoproterozoic !13C records for the Neoproterozoic (e.g., Hayes Glacial deposits of Sturtian and Marinoan comprising new !13C (carbonate) data from et al., 1999; Jacobsen and Kaufman, 1999; Wal- age occur in the well-studied Neoproterozoic Svalbard (Akademikerbreen Group) and ter et al., 2000), but like attempts to construct successions of northern Namibia, South Aus- Namibia (Otavi Group) and data in the lit- 87Sr/86Sr records for this time period (Melezhik tralia, and northwestern Canada. In all three erature from Svalbard, Namibia, and Oman. et al., 2001), these compilations have suffered regions, the Marinoan glaciation is presaged A new U-Pb zircon age of 760 ± 1 Ma from from low sample density, limited availability by a large negative !13C anomaly, and the cap an ash bed in the Ombombo Subgroup in of chronostratigraphically well-constrained carbonates to both glacial units share a suite Namibia provides the oldest direct time-cali- data, and the consequent dependence on many of unique sedimentological, stratigraphic, bration point in the compilation, but the time tenuous correlations.
    [Show full text]
  • Reconafrica-Technical-Brief-V24.Pdf
    ReconAFRICA KAVANGO BASIN TECHNICAL BRIEF TSX-V: RECO OTC: RECAF FRANKFURT: 0XD www.reconafrica.com HIGHLIGHTS • ReconAfrica has discovered + licensed a new deep (30,000’) Permian Age rift sedimentary basin in northeast Namibia and northwest Botswana “Kavango Basin” • “All of the worlds basins of this depth produce commercial hydrocarbons” - Bill Cathey, CEO, Earthfi elds Technology, Houston • ReconAfrica TSX-V RECO holds rights to the entire sedimentary basin, 8.75 million acres • Same seaway or depositional environment as Shell’s 390 TCF Permian shale (top 10 shale plays worldwide) • Expecting up to 6,000’ Permian petroleum system supporting large-scale unconventional + conventional plays • ReconAfrica has acquired a 1,000 HP drilling rig shipping to Namibia for a Q4 2020 drilling campaign KAVANGO - NEW SEDIMENTARY BASIN Based on a previously drilled well (ST-1/1964) and the acquisition and interpretation of a high quality (200m spacing) aeromagnetic survey, ReconAfrica has discovered a deep, 30,000’, predominantly Permian aged, rift sedimentary basin in NE NamibiaKAVANGO and NW Botswana BASIN (FIG 01). All of the worlds basins of this depth produce commercial hydrocarbons. 190 MILES 1 2 1 3 Up to 30,000’ of Sedimentary Rock Basin Fill PPS* *Permian Petroleum System - up to 6000’ thick ReconAfrica’s Drilling Campaign begins 2020. The main objective is to confirm organic rich shales and conventional FIG 01: 8.75 millionopportunities acre license in Namibia (from surface and Botswana. to basement) ReconAfrica held by ReconAfrica. owns 2.5 million acres in Botswana, and 6.3 million acres in Namibia, for a total property of 8.8 million acres in the Kavango Basin.
    [Show full text]
  • Fjord Network in Namibia: a Snapshot Into the Dynamics of the Late Paleozoic Glaciation Pierre Dietrich1,2, Neil P
    https://doi.org/10.1130/G49067.1 Manuscript received 20 October 2020 Revised manuscript received 19 March 2021 Manuscript accepted 21 June 2021 © 2021 The Authors. Gold Open Access: This paper is published under the terms of the CC-BY license. Fjord network in Namibia: A snapshot into the dynamics of the late Paleozoic glaciation Pierre Dietrich1,2, Neil P. Griffis3,4, Daniel P. Le Heron5, Isabel P. Montañez3, Christoph Kettler5, Cécile Robin1 and François Guillocheau1 1 Géosciences Rennes, Université de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6118, 35000 Rennes, France 2 Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa 3 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA 4 Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, California 94709, USA 5 Department für Geologie, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, 1190 Wien, Austria ABSTRACT infer the pace of ice-margin fluctuations and Fjords are glacially carved estuaries that profoundly influence ice-sheet stability by the paleo-ice thickness that once occupied draining and ablating ice. Although abundant on modern high-latitude continental shelves, these fjords. Furthermore, we estimate glacio- fjord-network morphologies have never been identified in Earth’s pre-Cenozoic glacial epochs, isostatic adjustment following deglaciation. hindering our ability to constrain ancient ice-sheet dynamics. We show that U-shaped valleys This work highlights the dynamic nature of in northwestern Namibia cut during the late Paleozoic ice age (LPIA, ca. 300 Ma), Earth’s the LPIA in southwestern Gondwana and the penultimate icehouse, represent intact fjord-network morphologies. This preserved glacial potential for an under-appreciated deep-time morphology and its sedimentary fill permit a reconstruction of paleo-ice thicknesses, glacial carbon and sediment sink that, if valid, would dynamics, and resulting glacio-isostatic adjustment.
    [Show full text]
  • Partners in Biodiversity
    AWF FOUR CORNERS TBNRM PROJECT : REVIEWS OF EXISTING BIODIVERSITY INFORMATION i Published for The African Wildlife Foundation's FOUR CORNERS TBNRM PROJECT by THE ZAMBEZI SOCIETY and THE BIODIVERSITY FOUNDATION FOR AFRICA 2004 PARTNERS IN BIODIVERSITY The Zambezi Society The Biodiversity Foundation for Africa P O Box HG774 P O Box FM730 Highlands Famona Harare Bulawayo Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Tel: +263 4 747002-5 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.biodiversityfoundation.org Website : www.zamsoc.org The Zambezi Society and The Biodiversity Foundation for Africa are working as partners within the African Wildlife Foundation's Four Corners TBNRM project. The Biodiversity Foundation for Africa is responsible for acquiring technical information on the biodiversity of project area. The Zambezi Society will be interpreting this information into user-friendly formats for stakeholders in the Four Corners area, and then disseminating it to these stakeholders. THE BIODIVERSITY FOUNDATION FOR AFRICA (BFA is a non-profit making Trust, formed in Bulawayo in 1992 by a group of concerned scientists and environmentalists. Individual BFA members have expertise in biological groups including plants, vegetation, mammals, birds, reptiles, fish, insects, aquatic invertebrates and ecosystems. The major objective of the BFA is to undertake biological research into the biodiversity of sub-Saharan Africa, and to make the resulting information more accessible. Towards this end it provides technical, ecological and biosystematic expertise. THE ZAMBEZI SOCIETY was established in 1982. Its goals include the conservation of biological diversity and wilderness in the Zambezi Basin through the application of sustainable, scientifically sound natural resource management strategies.
    [Show full text]
  • The Development and Evolution of Etosha Pan, Namibia
    The Development and Evolution of Etosha Pan, Namibia Dissertation zur Erlangung des naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorgrades der Bayerischen Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Vorgelegt von Martin HT Hipondoka Würzburg 2005 To the demise of the Bantu Education System Table of Contents Table of Contents.................................................................................................................. ii List of Figures...................................................................................................................... iii List of Tables.........................................................................................................................iv Acknowledgments..................................................................................................................v Abstract .................................................................................................................................vi Ausführliche Zusammenfassung...................................................................................... vii 1. Introduction ................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background..........................................................................................................1 1.2 Aims and Objectives of the Study......................................................................1 2. Methods and Techniques ............................................................................. 4 2.1 Remote Sensing (RS)
    [Show full text]
  • IN THIS ISSUE GSA TODAY May Vol
    Vol. 8, No. 5 May 1998 INSIDE • Upcoming Penrose Conference GSA TODAY p. 16 • Book Reviews, p. 19 A Publication of the Geological Society of America • Calls for Service, p. 3, 23, 26 Comings and Goings of Global Glaciations on a Neoproterozoic Tropical Platform in Namibia Paul F. Hoffman, Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 Alan J. Kaufman, Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 Galen P. Halverson, Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 ABSTRACT many Neoproterozoic glacial deposits are Kennedy, 1996)—a climatological or geo- rich in carbonate debris and are directly chemical paradox, given that inorganic An enduring enigma of Neoprotero- overlain by carbonates containing struc- zoic Earth history is the intimate associ- tures indicative of sea-floor precipitates ation of glacial diamictites with typical (Fig. 1)(Roberts, 1976; Fairchild, 1993; Global Glaciations continued on p. 2 warm-water carbonates. Among the many hypothesized explanations for this paleoclimatic dichotomy are high orbital obliquity, true polar wander, reduced solar luminosity, snowball albedo, CO2 drawdown, stagnant ocean overturn, and reinterpretation of diamictites as mega-impact ejecta. The Otavi carbonate platform on the Congo craton in Namibia contains two discrete intervals of diamictite and associated glaciomarine deposits, sand- wiched by thick carbonates from which we have obtained detailed carbon-iso- topic records. From subsidence analysis,
    [Show full text]
  • Wanke Et Al Karoo Unconformities
    Communs geol. Surv. Namibia, 12 (2000), 291-301 Karoo unconformities in NW-Namibia and their tectonic implications A. Wanke1, H. Stollhofen1, I.G. Stanistreet2 and V. Lorenz1 1Institut für Geologie, Universität Wurzburg, Pleicherwall 1, 97070 Würzburg, Germany email: [email protected] 2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, PO Box 147, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom The Karoo-Etendeka depositories in northwestern Namibia can be subdivided into (l) a Carboniferous-Permian, (2) a Triassic- Jurassic and (3) a Cretaceous megasequence, recording successive extensional periods, separated by time-stratigraphic gaps. Close to the present-day Atlantic coastline the Karoo Supergroup is only represented by the Permian succession in the Huab area. This is discon- formably overlain by the Lower Cretaceous Etendeka Group. Further east, the Karoo succession becomes successively’ more complete, but correlation with the main Karoo Basin in South Africa and the Brazilian Paraná Basin indicates major gaps in the sedimentary record. The gaps can be attributed to the combined effects ofthe long-lived South Atlantic rift evolution and orogenic pulses derived from the Samfrau active margin. Introduction roo Supergroup were indicated by Porada et al. (1996) and Miller (1997) and the most obvious gap between The Karoo Supergroup is widespread in various Up- Permian and Cretaceous strata in the Huab area has been per Carboniferous to Lower Jurassic depositories across used by Milner et al. (1994) as a basis for stratigraphic the Gondwana supercontinent. Of these depositories, separation of the Carboniferous-Jurassic Karoo Super- two major basin types are developed in southern Africa: group from the Cretaceous Etendeka Group.
    [Show full text]
  • Organization of African Intra-Plate Tectonics*
    Organization of African Intra-Plate Tectonics* James W. Granath¹ and William Dickson² Search and Discovery Article #30555 (2018)** Posted March 12, 2018 *Adapted from extended abstract prepared in conjunction with oral presentation given at AAPG/SEG 2017 International Conference and Exhibition, London, England, October 15-18, 2017 **Datapages © 2018 Serial rights given by author. For all other rights contact author directly. ¹Granath & Assoc. Consulting Geology, Highlands Ranch, CO, United States ([email protected]) ²Dickson International Geosciences Inc., Houston, TX, United States ([email protected]) Abstract Arrays of fault blocks loosely aligned in belts often comprise fields of extensional basins and/or compressional uplifts within continents, for example in the forelands of orogenic belts (e.g. the late Paleozoic Ancestral Rocky Mountains in the interior western North America) or as failed arms of plate triple junctions (as in the case of Central African Rift System). Transfer faults occur within and between individual elements of such systems (as intra- and inter-basinal faults): they are fundamental features and are necessary to facilitate the kinematic integrity of the system. At their extreme, these transfer fault systems may be localized into inter-basin/uplift, regional ‘mega-shear’ systems that exploit pre-existing defects in the crystalline basement, pre-existing lineaments and terrane boundaries for example. The Central African Shear Zone or the here-proposed Southern Africa Trans-Africa Rift and Shear System are examples of such systems that cross-cut the continent. These mimic wrench fault systems in many details of their geometry, but insofar as they only accommodate the net extension or compression of the overall system, they do not necessarily display a consistent sense of offset or accumulate much net strike-slip offset at the continental level.
    [Show full text]
  • Namibia: Africa’S Next Oil and Gas Frontier Awaits
    Namibia: Africa’s next oil and gas frontier awaits Featuring ReconAfrica Jenny Xenos, MBA, CFA Quester Advisors April 18, 2021 Quester Advisors | www.questeradvisors.com Table of Contents Executive summary ............................................................................................................................................ 2 Namibia: Africa’s next oil and gas frontier awaits .............................................................................................. 6 One of Africa’s newest countries .................................................................................................................... 6 Fragile economy and the need of foreign investment .................................................................................... 8 Attractive place to do business ....................................................................................................................... 9 A century of oil and gas exploration ............................................................................................................... 9 Promising geology ........................................................................................................................................ 15 Attractive fiscal regime and licensing system ............................................................................................... 25 Energy security and access to world markets .............................................................................................. 29 High hopes for oil and
    [Show full text]
  • De-Risking Oil and Gas Prospects
    Pioneer Oil & Gas Consulting NAMIBIA Namibia onshore Hydrocarbon Prospectivity Ansgar Wanke University of Namibia Petroleum Geology Purpose of Talk Pioneer Oil & Gas Consulting NAMIBIA 1. Overview of Namibian Onshore Basins 2. New encouraging insights 3. How and why to Explore Namibia 825 419 km2 Two groups of onshore basins: 1. Neoproterozoic- Early Cambrian rift- foreland basins 2. Karoo (rift) basins (Upper Carboniferous – Jurassic) Onshore basins cover some 350 000km2 > 40% of the country Map of Namibian Basins, adapted 12 onshore wells with TD from Bray & Lawrence (1998) between 600-2500m Neoproterozoic / Early Cambrian Basins 1: Owambo-Etosha Basin 2: Nama Basin Owambo – Etosha • Basins are bordered by early Cambrian Orogenic Belts • Rift, Platform and Molasse deposits • Foreland Basin architecture • Partly covered by Karoo Nama succession • Largely covered by a veneer of Cainozoic sediments Map of Namibian Basins, adapted from Bray & Lawrence (1998) Distribution of Pan- Extent of Cainozoic African Belts in Africa and Kalahari Cover adjoining parts of South excluding the Namib America Haddon & McCarthy Cahen & Snelling (1966) (2005) Martin & Porada (1977) Norton & Sclater (1979) Owambo Basin Vintage Exploration • Seismic campaigns 1969-1995 • 12 wells of which 5 HC exploration wells (1964-1986) Exploration from 2000 • Four aerial surveys (mag/gravity) (2004, 11, 13, 14) • Soil gas sampling (2012) • 120km 2D test lines (2017) • Airbus remote sensing study (2018) • Passive seismic (2018) Summary of exploration history in the Owambo
    [Show full text]