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Jurnal Riset Kesehatan, 10 (1), 2021, 1 - 6 DOI: 10.31983/Jrk.V10i1.6421

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Jurnal Riset Kesehatan, 10 (1), 2021, 1 - 6 DOI: 10.31983/Jrk.V10i1.6421 Jurnal Riset Kesehatan, 10 (1), 2021, 1 - 6 DOI: 10.31983/jrk.v10i1.6421 Jurnal Riset Kesehatan http://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/jrk _________________________________________________________________ RELATED FACTORS OF HEALTHY LATRINES BY COMMUNITY BAJO TRIBE IN BATUAWU VILLAGE, SUB DISTRICT SOUTH KABAENA, DISTRICT BOMBANA Agus Darmawana* ; Taswinb ; Hastri Mailoac a Universitas Dayanu Ikhsanuddin ; Perintis street ; Baubau 93724 ; Indonesia b Universitas Dayanu Ikhsanuddin ; BTN Sri Amalia ; Baubau 93721 ; Indonesia c Universitas Dayanu Ikhsanuddin ; Desa Batuawu ; Baubau 93782 ; Indonesia Abstract In preventing environmental pollution due to unmanageable family toilets, there is a great need for public attention to the management of latrines that do not meet health requirements. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the use of healthy latrines by the Bajo people in Batuawu Village Kabaena District South Bombana Regency. The type of study used was a cross sectional study. The population in this study were all Bajo people in Batuawu Village South Kabaena Subdistrict Bombana Regency, with a total of 48 families and a sample of 48 families. The analysis used was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. The results showed that there was a relationship of knowledge with the use of healthy latrines has value ρ = 0.001 <α = 0.05, there was a relationship with the use of healthy latrines had value ρ = 0.006 <α = 0.05, there was a relationship between the availability of latrines and healthy latrines had value ρ = 0.005 <α = 0.05, there was a relationship between the role of health workers and the use of healthy latrines had value ρ = 0.041 <α = 0.05. Conclusions showed that there was a meaningful relationship between knowledge, attitude, availability of toilet facilities, the role of health workers with the use of healthy latrines by the Bajo people in Batuawu Village South Kabaena District Bombana Regency. Suggestions are in the form of the need to provide health education about the application of healthy latrines so that changes in people's lives occur that are in accordance with healthy behavior. Keywords: knowledge; attitude; availability of toilet facilities; the role of health workers; the use of healthy latrines 1. Introduction The focus of health development in Indonesia is a preventive approach, not only curative. The goal of health development is to (Indonesian Health Ministry, 2017). increase the ability, awareness, and willingness Preventing environmental pollution from to live a healthy life for everyone so that the the population due to poorly managed family highest degree of public health can be realized. latrines is one aspect of health development Investments in the development of socially and goals. To realize this, the local community needs economically productive human resources are to pay attention to the management of latrines also part of the goal of health development. that do not meet health requirements. Efforts to realize these goals are contained in the Management of healthy latrines can prevent National Medium-Term Development Plan diarrhea and other diseases caused by water (RPJMN) for 2015-2019, where the direction of borne disease (Chandra, 2018). the RPJMN must be in accordance with the Data on deaths caused by water borne world's sustainable development goals (SDGs). disease reported by the World Health *) Corresponding Author (Agus Darmawan) Organization (WHO) reached 3,400,000 E-mail: [email protected] people/year and diarrhea disease is the biggest Copyright © 2021, Jurnal Riset Kesehatan, e-ISSN 2461-1026 Jurnal Riset Kesehatan, 10 (1), 2021, 2 - 6 DOI: 10.31983/jrk.v10i1.6421 cause of death (1,400,000 people/year). The encourages the behavior of open defecation to problem of sanitation development is a increase. socio-culture challenge that can be caused by the The Bajo tribe in Kabaena Selatan behavior of the population who is Open Subdistrict, Bombana Regency, can be found in Defecating (OD) in any place. UNICEF reports Pununu Village and Batuawu Village. The that 44.5% of the total population of Indonesia majority of the Bajo people in Pununu Village does not have access to proper waste disposal have a toilet facility that meets the requirements and 24% of Indonesians is open defecate in the and the location of the settlement is close to local open (Indonesian Health Ministry, 2017). residents so that access to proper sanitation From a public health perspective, the facilities (healthy latrines) can be fulfilled. problem of disposing of human waste is a major Meanwhile, the Bajo people in Batuawu Village problem as early as possible to solve, and to are located on the mainland coast and tend to overcome this, it is necessary to adopt a clean follow the shore. The condition of the and healthy lifestyle, one of which is the use of settlements is not well organized, the latrine facilities. Latrine facilities are very construction of the buildings is semi-permanent, important and must be owned by a healthy the availability of infrastructure is inadequate house (Indonesian Health Ministry, 2012). and there is a lack of coverage for latrine Indonesia have the percentage of ownership. households using goose neck defecation is Based on data from Batuawu Village, there 77.58%, plengsengan 6.37%, cemplung 14.3%, not are 48 families of the Bajo tribe who live in the using 1.73%. Meanwhile, the provinces with the coastal area. Furthermore, from the results of the highest percentage of households using their initial survey it is known that people living in own defecation facilities were Riau (84.3%), coastal areas tend to use the beach as a garbage Lampung (80.4%), and Bangka Belitung Islands dump, and there are most people who defecate (79.0%). While the lowest was in the Provinces of on the coast. Indirectly this will have a negative Gorontalo (32.1%), Central Kalimantan (49.4%), impact on public health due to careless disposal and North Maluku (49.6%) (Indonesian Health of feces and the spread of disease through feces Ministry, 2017). (Desa Batuawu, 2018). Data from Southeast Sulawesi Province Batuawu Village, which is the working area shows that the use of goose neck type latrine is of the South Kabaena Health Center has also 49%, plengsengan type is 6%, communal type is implemented Community Based Total Sanitation 9%, and cemplung type is 5%. Overall, 69% of (STBM) but in its implementation there are still the population owns and uses a fixed toilet people who have not experienced significant facility, although not all of them meet the changes in connection with the disposal of feces requirements. However, there are still 31% of the into the latrine, even though the STBM population who use other latrine facilities that implementation has been carried out are not known or not recorded/ not reported, individually or in groups (Puskesmas Kabaena this will be a problem if these residents do not Selatan, 2018). have permanent latrines and do their defecation In preventing environmental pollution from in the open or in any place (Dinkes Provinsi unmanageable family latrines, it is necessary to Sulawesi Tenggara, 2018). pay attention to the community's attention to Based on data from the Bombana District latrine management that does not meet health Health Office regarding access to proper requirements. Where this behavior can be sanitation (healthy latrines) by type of latrine, it formed if it is supported by several factors such shows that the use of communal latrines is 0.38%, as knowledge, attitudes, availability of latrine the use of goose necks is 30.26%, the use of facilities, and the role of health workers. plengsengan latrines is 37.74%, and the use of Based on the problem above, the researcher latrines slung neck by 33.56%, out of 170,020 feels the need to conduct a study to find out the population and only 20,285 (11.93%) population factors related to the use of healthy latrines by with access to proper sanitation (healthy latrines) the Bajo tribe in Batuawu Village, Bombana (Dinkes Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara, 2018). Regency. There are still many people who defecate in any place such as on the coast. The extent of land 2. Method that can be used as a place to dispose of The research method used was quantitative urination or faces and the habit of the Bajo analytic research using a cross sectional study people whose people live on the coast Copyright © 2021, Jurnal Riset Kesehatan, e-ISSN 2461-1026 Jurnal Riset Kesehatan, 10 (1), 2021, 3 - 6 DOI: 10.31983/jrk.v10i1.6421 design. Sampling in this study using total towards using latrines (60.4%) and the sampling method. The research sample consisted availability of healthy latrines (56%). of 48 heads of families. The analysis conducted in this study was Tabel 3. Analysis of the Relationship between univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. Knowledge, Attitude and Availability of Latrine Univariate analysis was an analysis used to Facilities and the Use of Healthy Latrines describe or redistribute each research variable, namely knowledge, attitudes, availability of Use of Healthy Latrines Total Variable Use Not Use P latrine facilities and the role of health workers N % n % n % using latrines. Bivariate analysis was an analysis Knowledge carried out on variables that are thought to be Good 24 77.4 7 22.6 31 100 related or correlated. The test used was Not Good 4 23.5 13 76.5 17 100 0.001 Chi-Square with a significance limit of α = 0.05. Total 28 58.3 20 41.7 48 100 Attitude Positive 22 75.9 7 24.1 29 100 3. Result and Discussion Negative 6 31.6 13 68.4 19 100 0.006 Total 28 58.3 20 41.7 48 100 Table 1.
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