2011 Meru South District

DISTRICT ENVIRONMENT ACTION PLAN (DEAP) 2006 – 2011 MERU SOUTH DISTRICT MAY 2007 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.................................................................................... 6 1.1 Background............................................................................................6 1.2 Challenges of sustainable development in Meru South ........................6 1.2.1 Poor Communication Network.......................................................6 1.2.2 Road network..................................................................................6 1.2.3 Poor Marketing and Storage Facilities ...........................................6 1.2.4 High cost of Artificial Insemination Services:...............................7 1.2.5 Inaccessibility to Credit Facilities: .................................................7 1.2.6 Encroachment .................................................................................7 1.2.7 Sub Division of Existing Land Parcels: .........................................7 1.2.8 Poverty............................................................................................8 1.2.9 HIV/AIDS.......................................................................................8 1.2.10 Lack of Awareness .......................................................................9 1.3. Provisions of EMCA on Environmental Planning ...............................9 1.3.1 Objectives of District Environment Action plan (DEAP)..............9 1.3.2 Linkage with other processes. .......................................................9 CHAPTER 2: DISTRICT PROFILE ........................................................................... 10 2.1 Geographical Location, Size and Administrative Units......................10 Table 2. Local Authority Wards............................................................11 Map 2: MERU SOUTH DISTRICT: map-showing Locational boundaries..............................................................................................12 2.2 Climate and Physical Features.............................................................12 2.3 Population Size and Distribution.........................................................13 2.4 Socio-economic characteristics ...........................................................14 CHAPTER 3: HUMAN SETTLEMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE ..................... 17 3.1 Human Settlement and Planning-Introduction....................................17 3.1.1 Land Tenure..................................................................................17 3.1.2 Trends ...........................................................................................18 3.1.3 Regional and district physical development plans .......................18 3.1.4 Rural settlement schemes .............................................................19 3.2 Human and Environmental Health ......................................................20 2 3.3 Pollution and Waste Generated From Human Settlement ..................22 3.3.1 Major pollution sources................................................................22 3.3.2 Types of wastes ...........................................................................22 3.3.3 Waste Disposal facilities ..............................................................24 3.4 Communication Networks...................................................................24 3.5 Water Supplies.....................................................................................25 • Major Drainage Patterns in the District ........................................................ 25 • Status and Trends of Water Resources.......................................................... 26 3.6 Energy Supply ....................................................................................26 3.7 Sanitation .............................................................................................26 3.8 Health Facilities...................................................................................26 3.9 Educational Facilities ..........................................................................27 CHAPTER 4: SOILS AND LAND USE....................................................................... 31 4.1 Soils .....................................................................................................31 4.2 Dry Lands ............................................................................................36 CHAPTER 5: AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK AND FISHERIES.......................... 37 5.1 Agriculture...........................................................................................37 5.2 Livestock..............................................................................................39 5.3 Fisheries Resources .............................................................................42 5.3.1 Types of Fisheries Production Systems........................................42 5.3.2-Status and Trends of Fisheries Development...............................42 5.3.3 Production Patterns.......................................................................42 2004 Production .............................................................................................................. 42 River Capture Production.............................................................................................. 43 5.3.4 Fisheries Legislation and Law Enforcement................................43 • Enforcement .........................................................................................44 5.3.5 Key Environmental Issues............................................................44 Proposed Interventions ..........................................................................44 CHAPTER 6: WATER RESOURCES......................................................................... 45 6.1 Water Sources......................................................................................45 6.1.1 Sources of Water in Meru South ..................................................45 6.1.2 Major Drainage Patterns in the District........................................46 6.1.3 Status and Trends of Water Resources.........................................47 6.1.4 Regulatory and Management Arrangement of Water Use in Meru South......................................................................................................47 6.1.5 Main Water Uses ..........................................................................48 6.1.6 Accessibility to Safe, Portable Drinking Water ...........................50 6.1.7 Impacts of Water Use & Demand on the Environment and Natural Resources...............................................................................................51 6.1.8 Key Environmental Issues in Management of Water Resources. 51 CHAPTER 7: FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE RESOURCE ..................................... 53 3 7.1 Forestry................................................................................................53 7.1.1 Types of Forests and area under each Forest ...............................53 7.1.2 Status and Trends of Forest Cover in Meru South .......................54 7.1.3 Regulatory and Management Arrangements................................54 7.1.4 Exploitation of Forest Resources for Timber and Non-Timber Products .................................................................................................54 7.1.5 Key Environmental Issues............................................................55 7.1.6 Proposed Interventions .................................................................55 7.2 Wild life...............................................................................................56 7.2.1 Type of Wildlife and Area under Wildlife ...................................56 7.2.2 Identify Status and Trends of Wildlife Resources........................57 7.2.3 Regulatory and Forms of Wildlife Management..........................57 7.2.4 Priority of Key Environmental Issues ..........................................57 CHAPTER 8: BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION .................................................. 58 8.1. Biodiversity Data and Information.....................................................58 8.2 Species Conservation Status................................................................59 8.3 Type of Utilization, Major Beneficiaries and Stakeholders................59 8.4 Regulatory and Institutional Arrangements.........................................59 CHAPTER 9: ENERGY SECTOR............................................................................... 61 9.1 Energy resources.................................................................................61 9.2 Trends in Energy, Production, Consumption, Costs and Projections .62 CHAPTER 10: INDUSTRY, TRADE AND SERVICES............................................ 63 10.1 Industrial Sector.................................................................................63 10.1.1 Type of Industries.......................................................................63 10.2 Trade sector .......................................................................................65 10.3 Services sector ...................................................................................66 CHAPTER 11: TOURISM ............................................................................................ 67 11.1 Type of tourism, attraction and potential ..........................................67 CHAPTER 12: MINING AND QUARRYING...........................................................

Load more