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Chave Pictórica Para Os Gêneros De Tabanidae (Insecta: Diptera) Do Bioma Campos Sulinos, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brasil

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Chave Pictórica Para Os Gêneros De Tabanidae (Insecta: Diptera) Do Bioma Campos Sulinos, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brasil Chave pictórica para os gêneros de Tabanidae (Insecta: Diptera) do bioma Campos Sulinos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Krolow et al. Biota Neotropica, Vol.7 (number 2): 2007; p. 253-264. A versão on-line completa deste artigo está disponível em: On line version of this paper is available at: http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v7n2/pt/abstract?identification-key+bn03307022007 Recebido em/ Data Received 12/09/06 - Versão reformulada recebida em/ Revised 10/05/07 - Publicado em/ Accepted 18/06/07 ISSN 1676-0603 (on-line) Biota Neotropica é uma revista do Programa BIOTA/FAPESP - O Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade, que publica resultados de pesquisa original, vinculada ou não ao programa, que abordem a temática caracterização, conservação e uso sustentável da biodiversidade na região Neotropical. Biota Neotropica is an electronic, peer-reviewed journal edited by the Program BIOTA/FAPESP: The Virtual Institute of Biodiversity. This journal’s aim is to disseminate the results of original research work, associated or not to the program, concerned with characterization, conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity within the Neotropical region. A Biota Neotropica é uma revista eletrônica e está integral e gratuitamente disponível no endereço http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br Biota Neotropica is an eletronic journal which is available free at the following site http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br Chave pictórica para os gêneros de Tabanidae (Insecta: Diptera) do bioma Campos Sulinos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Tiago Kütter Krolow1,4, Rodrigo Ferreira Krüger2 & Paulo Bretanha Ribeiro3 Biota Neotropica v7 (n2) http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v7n2/pt/abstract?identification-key+bn03207022007 Recebido em 12/09/06 Versão Reformulada recebida em 10/05/07 Publicado em 18/06/07 1Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Divisão do Curso de Entomologia, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Bairro Aleixo, CP 478, CEP 69083-000, Manaus, AM, Brasil 2Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP 36571-000, Viçosa, MG, Brasil, http://www.insecta.ufv.br 3Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Campus Universitário, s/n, CP 354, CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brasil, http://www.ufpel.tche.br 4Autor para correspondência: Tiago Kütter Krolow, e-mail: [email protected], http://pg.inpa.gov.br Abstract Krolow, T.K.; Krüger, R.F. and Ribeiro, P.B. Illustrated key for Tabanidae (Insecta: Diptera) genera of Campos Sulinos biome, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Biota Neotrop. May/Aug 2007 vol. 7, no. 2. http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v7n2/pt/abstract?identification-key+bn03307022007. ISSN 1676-0603. Tabanids were collected and preserved along four years (2002-2006) in southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A list of 30 species is presented along with an illustrated key and diagnoses for identification of the 15 genera found in the area. Nine species are registered for the first time in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Keywords: horse flies, species, diversity, pampa, public health. Resumo Krolow, T.K.; Krüger, R.F. and Ribeiro, P.B. Chave pictórica para os gêneros de Tabanidae (Insecta: Diptera) do bioma Campos Sulinos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Biota Neotrop. May/Aug 2007 vol. 7, no. 2. http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v7n2/pt/abstract?identification-key+bn03307022007. ISSN 1676-0603. Foram realizadas coletas de tabanídeos ao longo de quatro anos (2002-2006) no extremo sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Apresenta-se uma lista com 30 espécies, além de chave pictórica e diagnoses para identificação dos 15 gêneros encontrados na região. Nove espécies são registradas pela primeira vez no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Palavras-chave: mutucas, espécies, diversidade, pampa, saúde pública. http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br 254 Krolow et al. - Biota Neotropica, v7 (n2) - bn03207022007 Introdução (1967), Coscarón & Fairchild (1976) e Wilkerson & Coscarón (1984). O material foi depositado na Coleção de Entomologia “Pe. Jesus Na região sul do Brasil, os tabanídeos são conhecidos popularmente Santiago Moure”, Departamento de Zoologia (DZUP), Universidade como “mutucas” ou “moscas dos cavalos”. São dípteros robustos e os Federal do Paraná. adultos variam de 5 a 25 mm de comprimento, apresentando cabeça hemisférica mais larga do que o tórax. Os machos são holópticos e fit- Resultados ófagos (florículas), enquanto que as fêmeas são dicópticas, geralmente de hábito hematófago, necessário para a maturação dos ovócitos. As Foram identificadas 30 espécies (Tabela 1), distribuídas em três mutucas representam um grande incômodo ao homem e aos animais subfamílias (Pangoniinae, Chrysopsinae e Tabaninae), quatro tribos e domésticos e selvagens, por causa da picada dolorosa e o elevado grau 15 gêneros. Nove espécies tem seu primeiro registro para o extremo de hematofagia que as fêmeas apresentam. São capazes de ingerir até sul do Rio Grande do Sul. 0,5 mL de sangue por indivíduo e mais sangue pode ser perdido por causa do escoamento pós picada, o que gera reações como nódulos 1. Scaptia Lutz, 1918 dérmicos que podem servir como alimentação secundária ou para Diagnose: Espécies de tamanho médio a grande. Olhos e fronto- oviposição de outras moscas, como as causadoras de miíases (Foil clípeo pilosos. Antena apresenta oito anuli. Normalmente a probóscide & Hogsette 1994). Segundo Krinsky (1976), as mutucas são capazes é esbelta com uma pequena labela, o tamanho da probóscide é pelo de transmitir cerca de 35 agentes patogênicos, entretanto, na região menos três vezes maior que o segundo segmento do palpo. Células Neotropical, pouco se conhece sobre a capacidade de transmissão e R5 e CuA1 geralmente abertas (Wilkerson & Coscarón 1984). veiculação, principalmente pela falta de levantamentos taxonômicos e reconhecimento das espécies associadas às regiões de pecuária. Os tabanídeos compreendem 4290 espécies distribuídas em 137 gêneros. Na região Neotropical já foram registradas cerca de Tabela 1. Lista das tribos e espécies de Tabanidae do extremo sul do Rio 1172 espécies em 65 gêneros (Fairchild & Burger 1994). Conforme Grande do Sul. * Primeira ocorrência para o Rio Grande do Sul. Morrone (2005), o extremo sul do Rio Grande do Sul situa-se nos pampas, biogeograficamente pertencendo à mesma formação do Tribos Espécies Uruguai e de boa parte da Argentina, o que aumenta a similaridade da Scionini * Scaptia longipennis (Ricardo), 1902 fauna e flora destas regiões. Esta similaridade com a fauna argentina Scionini Fidena longipalpis Enderlein, 1925 foi observada em trabalhos realizados no sul do Brasil por Lutz et al. Chrysopsini * Chrysops brevifascius Lutz, 1909 (1918) e Leclercq (1965), que coletaram no Rio Grande do Sul e na Chrysopsini Chrysops crucians Wiedemann, 1828 região de Pelotas, respectivamente. Este trabalho foi realizado por causa da falta de dados e das Chrysopsini * Chrysops flavoscutellatusKröber, 1926 dificuldades para identificação de tabanídeos na região sul, em parte Chrysopsini Chrysops laetus Fabricius, 1805 porque a maioria das espécies está depositada na Argentina e porque Chrysopsini Chrysops leucospillus Wiedemann, 1828 existe uma grande dificuldade por parte dos profissionais das áreas Chrysopsini Chrysops nigricorpus Lutz, 1911 de sanidade animal e ecologia de comunidades em identificar os Chrysopsini Chrysops varians Wiedemann, 1828 principais grupos de Tabanidae. A fim de facilitar o estudo desse Diachlorini * Acanthocera aureoscutellata grupo temos o objetivo de fornecer uma lista de espécies coletadas Henriques & Rafael, 1992 no extremo sul do Rio Grande do Sul e uma chave pictórica com diagnoses para identificação de gêneros, permitindo um acesso fácil Diachlorini Acanthocera exstincta (Wiedemann), 1828 a diversos profissionais e estudantes relacionados às áreas de saúde Diachlorini Catachlorops plagiatus (Brèthes), 1910 pública e conservação. Diachlorini * Chlorotabanus parviceps (Kröber) 1934 Diachlorini Dasybasis missionum (Macquart), 1838 Material e Métodos Diachlorini Dichelacera alcicornis (Wiedemann), 1828 Os espécimes de Tabanidae foram obtidos de coletas realiza- Diachlorini * Dichelacera fuscipes Lutz, 1915 das em quatro pontos do bioma Campos Sulinos, extremo sul do Diachlorini Dichelacera unifasciata Macquart, 1838 Rio Grande do Sul. Foram utilizadas armadilhas do tipo Malaise Diachlorini Lepiselaga albitarsis Macquart, 1850 (Townes, 1972). As armadilhas foram instaladas nos municípios de Arroio Grande (32° 13’ 22’’ S e 53° 11’ 57’’ W), Capão do Leão Diachlorini * Leucotabanus albibasis (Brèthes), 1910 (31° 48’ 16’’ S e 52° 24’ 13’’ W), Morro Redondo (31° 40’ 22’’ S e Diachlorini * Phaeotabanus limpidapex 52° 35’ 30’’ W) e Pelotas (31° 44’ 39’’ S e 52° 13’ 22’’ W). O material (Wiedemann), 1828 amostrado foi agrupado e analisado semanalmente conforme a data Diachlorini * Stenotabanus obscurus Kröber 1929 de retirada e local. As coletas foram realizadas entre julho de 2002 e Diachlorini Stypommisa rubrithorax (Macquart) 1838 junho de 2004, totalizando 104 amostras para cada localidade. Adi- Tabanini Poeciloderas quadripunctatus cionalmente houve coletas mensais no município de Morro Redondo (Fabricius), 1805 (31° 33’ 17,13’’ S e 52° 36’ 24,07’’ W), no período de outubro de 2005 Tabanini Tabanus acer Brèthes, 1910 a abril de 2006, as quais foram realizadas com redes entomológicas utilizando um eqüino como atrativo. Tabanini Tabanus claripennis (Bigot), 1892 Os espécimes foram identificados de acordo com a Coleção Tabanini Tabanus
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