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Management of Specific Wounds
7 Management of Specific Wounds Bite Wounds 174 Hygroma 234 Burns 183 Snakebite 239 Inhalation Injuries 195 Brown Recluse Spider Bites 240 Chemical Burns 196 Porcupine Quills 240 Electrical Injuries 197 Lower Extremity Shearing Wounds 243 Radiation Injuries 201 Plate 10: Pipe Insulation Protective Frostbite 204 Device: Elbow 248 Projectile Injuries 205 Plate 11: Pipe Insulation to Protect Explosive Munitions: Ballistic, the Greater Trochanter 250 Blast, and Thermal Injuries 227 Plate 12: Vacuum Drain Impalement Injuries 227 Management of Elbow Pressure Ulcers 228 Hygromas 252 Atlas of Small Animal Wound Management and Reconstructive Surgery, Fourth Edition. Michael M. Pavletic. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Companion website: www.wiley.com/go/pavletic/atlas 173 174 Atlas of Small Animal Wound Management and Reconstructive Surgery BITE WOUNDS to the skin. Wounds may be covered by a thick hair coat and go unrecognized. The skin and underlying Introduction issues can be lacerated, stretched, crushed, and avulsed. Circulatory compromise from the division of vessels and compromise to collateral vascular channels can result in Bite wounds are among the most serious injuries seen in massive tissue necrosis. It may take several days before small animal practice, and can account for 10–15% of all the severity of tissue loss becomes evident. All bites veterinary trauma cases. The canine teeth are designed are considered contaminated wounds: the presence of for tissue penetration, the incisors for grasping, and the bacteria in the face of vascular compromise can precipi- molars/premolars for shearing tissue. The curved canine tate massive infection. teeth of large dogs are capable of deep penetration, whereas the smaller, straighter canine teeth of domestic cats can penetrate directly into tissues, leaving a rela- tively small cutaneous hole. -
Reconstructive
RECONSTRUCTIVE Muscle versus Nonmuscle Flaps in the Reconstruction of Chronic Osteomyelitis Defects Christopher J. Salgado, Background: Surgical treatment of chronic osteomyelitis requires aggressive M.D. debridement followed by wound coverage and obliteration of dead space with Samir Mardini, M.D. vascularized tissue. Controversy remains as to the effectiveness of different tissue Amir A. Jamali, M.D. types in achieving these goals and in the eradication of disease. Juan Ortiz, M.D. Methods: Chronic osteomyelitis was induced in 26 goat tibias using Staphylo- Raoul Gonzales, D.V.M., coccus aureus as an infecting inoculum. In a single stage, debridement followed Ph.D. by reconstruction using either a muscle flap (n ϭ 13) or a fasciocutaneous flap Hung-Chi Chen, M.D. (n ϭ 13) was performed. Flap donor sites were closed primarily and antibiotics El Paso, Texas; Kaohsiung, Taiwan; were given for 5 days postoperatively. Daily clinical evaluation for 1 year was and Sacramento, Calif. performed and monthly radiographs were obtained for 9 months and 1 year after the reconstruction. Results: Twenty-five flaps survived completely, and one nonmuscle flap under- went partial flap loss following a period of venous congestion. There were no postoperative complications in the muscle flap group. Two goats (15 percent) in the nonmuscle group developed superficial wounds in the immediate post- operative period that resolved with conservative management. No limbs had recurrent osteomyelitis wounds at 1 year of clinical follow-up examination. Radiographic evidence of osteomyelitis was present in two goats (15 percent) in the muscle group and one goat (8 percent) in the nonmuscle group. -
(TECA) Surgery
Audit of Total Ear Canal Ablation-Lateral Bulla Osteotomy Procedures Performed by One Surgeon Audit project lead: D G Bentley Subject/area of practice: Surgery/Dermatology Date: January 2nd 2018 Reasons for Audit: To determine how complication rate of this procedure, both short and long term, compare with that in recently published literature and to be sure this procedure should be still be offered in-house rather than being referred to a surgical specialist. Background Total Ear Canal Ablation-Lateral Bulla Osteotomy (TECA-LBO) procedures on dogs (and cats) have been performed by this surgeon since 1991 and since that time over 260 procedures have been performed. The surgeon also runs a dermatology service with special interest in ear disease and wishes to provide a complete service whereby cases that are beyond medical treatment can go to surgery without being referred to a specialist surgeon. Indications for TECA-LBO are “end stage otitis”, where there is chronic irreversible change to the ear canal, intractable ear infections particularly as a result of middle ear infection and changes in the vicinity of the tympanic membrane/lower horizontal ear canal, and tumours in the ear canal which cannot be dealt with either by Lateral Wall Resection or Vertical Canal Ablation. Also sometimes, due to financial reasons, a client may prefer surgery to lengthy courses of treatment, requiring several anaesthetics and ear flushings, with no guarantee of success at the outset. The surgeon first learnt the technique that was published in video format in the “In Practice” series around 1991. This involved the use of an osteotome to separate the ear canal from the bulla and also looking for the facial nerve and pulling it out of the way using penrose drain material. -
Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) Prevention
Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) Prevention System CAUTI Prevention Team 1 Objectives At the end of this module, the participant will be able to: Identify risk factors for CAUTI Explain the relationship between catheter duration and CAUTI risk List the appropriate indications for urinary catheter insertion and continued use Implement evidence-based nursing practice to decrease the risk and incidence of CAUTI 2 The Problem All patients with an indwelling urinary catheter are at risk for developing a CAUTI. CAUTI increases pain and suffering, morbidity & mortality, length of stay, and healthcare costs. Appropriate indwelling catheter use can prevent about 400,000 infections and 9,000 deaths every year! (APIC, 2008; Gould et al, 2009) 3 2012 National Patient Safety Goal Implement evidence-based practices to prevent indwelling catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) Insert indwelling urinary catheters according to evidence-based guidelines Limit catheter use and duration Use aseptic technique for site preparation, equipment, and supplies (The Joint Commission (TJC), 2011) 4 2012 National Patient Safety Goal Manage indwelling urinary catheters according to evidence-based guidelines Secure catheters for unobstructed urine flow and drainage Maintain the sterility of the urine collection system Replace the urine collection system when required Collect urine samples using aseptic technique (TJC, 2011) 5 Sources of CAUTI Microorganisms Endogenous Meatal, rectal, or vaginal colonization Exogenous -
228 April 2003 Category 1
Laparoscopica cantireflux Edward T Chory, MD Tracey A Ross, CST, MEd surgery astroesophageal Reflux The number of undiagnosed cases Disease (GERD) is a com- promises to be much higher based mon condition with a on the millions of heartburn suf- heavy economic impact. In ferers who take over-the- G a study published in the counter medications to treat May 2002 issue of Gastroenterol- their symptoms. GERD is also the ogy, researchers calculated that most expensive of the digestive GERD is one of the most preva- conditions with annual direct lent digestive diseases in America costs at $9.3 billion.1 with 19 million diagnosed cases.1 APRIL 2003 The Surgical Technologist 13 228 APRIL 2003 CATEGORY 1 Indirect costs, such as missed work and lower (painful swallowing), esophageal spasm, and productivity, would be almost impossible to more rarely GI bleeding (hematemesis or mele- measure accurately. However, companies and na). Tertiary symptoms are unrelated to the individuals are likely to feel the financial impact esophagus, such as reflux-induced asthma, in increased insurance premiums. For example, hoarseness and pharyngitis. Tertiary symptoms in 2002, the Wall Street Journal reported that the have increasingly been considered indications cost of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) increased for antireflux surgery, and recent reports have General Motors’ health care budget for employ- documented excellent results, particularly for ees and retirees more than $55 million.2 reflux-induced asthma.11 With increasing experience in laparoscopic Traditionally, antireflux surgery was reserved antireflux surgery over the last 10 years, mor- for patients who did not respond to medical bidity has decreased, outcomes have improved therapy. -
Serous Papillary Adenocarcinoma of Unknown Primary in a Recurrent Paravaginal Cyst
Hindawi Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume 2019, Article ID 8125129, 4 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8125129 Case Report Serous Papillary Adenocarcinoma of Unknown Primary in a Recurrent Paravaginal Cyst Khilen Patel , Advaita Punjala-Patel, Angela Stephens, and John Lue Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Augusta University, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 15th St., Augusta, GA 30912, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Khilen Patel; [email protected] Received 14 February 2019; Revised 1 May 2019; Accepted 28 May 2019; Published 10 June 2019 Academic Editor: Giampiero Capobianco Copyright © 2019 Khilen Patel et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Cystic lesions located in the paravaginal region are rare. When present, paravaginal cysts are typically benign and are incidentally found on routine gynecological exams; however, rarely they can be malignant. Treatment options for paravaginal cancers are not well studied and early diagnosis may help improve prognosis in these patients. Our case describes a 55-year-old female with a recurrent paravaginal cyst that was remarkable for serous papillary adenocarcinoma despite biopsy and fuid cytology negative for malignancy. Tis case demonstrates that malignancy should be considered highly with a recurrent paravaginal cyst, especially when present over a short interval. 1. Introduction due to postmenopausal symptoms and denied any vaginal bleeding or vaginal discharge. On bimanual examination, the Large paravaginal cysts are rare and when present are most uterus and cervix were noted to be surgically absent; however, commonlybenign.Tesecystscanbeeithercongenitalor alargepelvicmasswaspalpated.Tismasswassmooth, acquired. -
Board Review from ACP MEDICINE
BOARD REVIEW FROM MEDSCAPE Case-Based InternalInternal Medicine Self-Assessment Questions CLINICAL ESSENTIALS CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE DERMATOLOGY ENDOCRINOLOGY GASTROENTEROLOGY HEMATOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY/ALLERGY INFECTIOUS DISEASE INTERDISCIPLINARY MEDICINE METABOLISM NEPHROLOGY NEUROLOGY ONCOLOGY PSYCHIATRY RESPIRATORY MEDICINE RHEUMATOLOGY www.acpmedicine.com BOARD REVIEW FROM MEDSCAPE Case-Based Internal Medicine Self-Assessment Questions Director of Publishing Cynthia M. Chevins Director, Electronic Publishing Liz Pope Managing Editor Erin Michael Kelly Development Editors Nancy Terry, John Heinegg Senior Copy Editor John J. Anello Copy Editor David Terry Art and Design Editor Elizabeth Klarfeld Electronic Composition Diane Joiner, Jennifer Smith Manufacturing Producer Derek Nash © 2005 WebMD Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means, including photocopying, or translated, trans- mitted, framed, or stored in a retrieval system other than for personal use without the written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 0-9748327-7-4 Published by WebMD Inc. Board Review from Medscape WebMD Professional Publishing 111 Eighth Avenue Suite 700, 7th Floor New York, NY 10011 1-800-545-0554 1-203-790-2087 1-203-790-2066 [email protected] The authors, editors, and publisher have conscientiously and carefully tried to ensure that recommended measures and drug dosages in these pages are accurate and conform to the standards that prevailed at the time of publication. The reader is advised, however, to check the product information sheet accompanying each drug to be familiar with any changes in the dosage schedule or in the contra- indications. This advice should be taken with particular seriousness if the agent to be administered is a new one or one that is infre- quently used. -
Management of Locally Advanced Rectal Adenocarcinoma Oncology Board Review Manual
ONCOLOGY BOARD REVIEW MANUAL STATEMENT OF EDITORIAL PURPOSE Management of Locally The Hospital Physician Oncology Board Review Advanced Rectal Manual is a study guide for fellows and practicing physicians preparing for board examinations in oncology. Each manual reviews a topic essential Adenocarcinoma to the current practice of oncology. PUBLISHING STAFF Contributors: Nishi Kothari, MD PRESIDENT, GROUP PUBLISHER Assistant Member, Department of Gastrointestinal Bruce M. White Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL SENIOR EDITOR Khaldoun Almhanna, MD, MPH Robert Litchkofski Associate Member, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT Institute, Tampa, FL Barbara T. White EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF OPERATIONS Jean M. Gaul Table of Contents Introduction .............................1 Clinical Evaluation and Staging ..............2 Management .............................4 NOTE FROM THE PUBLISHER: This publication has been developed with Surveillance and Long-Term Effects ..........8 out involvement of or review by the Amer ican Board of Internal Medicine. Conclusion ..............................9 Board Review Questions ...................10 References .............................10 Hospital Physician Board Review Manual www.turner-white.com Management of Locally Advanced Rectal Adenocarcinoma ONCOLOGY BOARD REVIEW MANUAL Management of Locally Advanced Rectal Adenocarcinoma Nishi Kothari, MD, and Khaldoun Almhanna, MD, MPH INTRODUCTION ence to -
Grading Evidence
Grading Evidence Analysis of the colonoscopic findings in patients with rectal bleeding according to the pattern of their presenting symptoms Journal Diseases of the Colon & Rectum Publisher Springer New York ISSN 0012-3706 (Print) 1530-0358 (Online) Issue Volume 34, Number 5 / May, 1991 Abstract Patients presenting with rectal bleeding were prospectively categorized according to the pattern of their presentation into those with outlet bleeding (n=115), suspicious bleeding (n=59), hemorrhage (n=27), and occult bleeding (n=68). All patients underwent colonoscopy and this was complete in 94 percent. There were 34 patients with carcinoma and 69 with adenomas >1 cm diameter. The percentage of neoplasms proximal to the splenic flexure was 1 percent in outlet bleeding, 24 percent with suspicious bleeding, 75 percent with hemorrhage, and 73 percent with occult bleeding. Barium enema was available in 78 patients and was falsely positive for neoplasms in 21 percent and falsely negative in 45 percent. Colonoscopy is the investigation of choice in patients with suspicious, occult, or severe rectal bleeding. Bleeding of a typical outlet pattern may be investigated by flexible sigmoidoscopy. J Surg Res. 1993 Feb;54(2):136-9. Colonoscopy for intermittent rectal bleeding: impact on patient management. Graham DJ, Pritchard TJ, Bloom AD. Department of Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106. Abstract Rectal bleeding is a frequent presenting symptom of a number of benign anorectal disorders. However, it may also be a warning sign of more significant gastrointestinal pathology. For this reason, full colonic evaluation has been recommended in patients with intermittent bright red rectal bleeding. -
Caring for Your Urinary (Foley) Catheter
Caring for Your Urinary (Foley) Catheter This information will help you care for your urinary (Foley) catheter while you’re at home. You have had a urinary catheter (a thin, flexible tube) placed in your bladder to drain your urine (pee). It’s held inside your bladder by a balloon filled with water. The parts of the catheter outside your body are shown in Figure 1. Catheter Care ● You need to clean your catheter, change your drainage bags, and wash your drainage bags every day. ● You may see some blood or urine around where the catheter enters your body, especially when walking or having a bowel movement. This is normal, as long as there’s urine draining into the drainage bag. If there’s not, call your healthcare provider. ● While you have your catheter, drink 1 to 2 glasses of liquids every 2 hours while you’re awake. ● Make sure that the catheter is in place in a tension free manner. The catheter should not be tight and should sit loosely. Showering ● You can shower while you have your catheter in place. Don’t take a bath until after your catheter is removed. ● Make sure you always shower with your night bag. Don’t shower with your leg bag. You may find it easier to shower in the morning. Cleaning Your Catheter You can clean your catheter while you’re in the shower. You will need the following supplies: 1. Gather your supplies. You will need: ○ Mild soap ○ Water 2. Wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. -
CASE FILES® Family Medicine
SECOND EDITION CASE FILES® Family Medicine Eugene C. Toy, MD The John S. Dunn, Senior Academic Chair and Program Director The Methodist Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency Program Houston, Texas Vice Chair of Academic Affairs Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Methodist Hospital–Houston Associate Clinical Professor and Clerkship Director Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Texas Medical School at Houston Houston, Texas Donald Briscoe, MD Director, Family Medicine Residency Program and Chair, Department of Family Medicine The Methodist Hospital—Houston Medical Director Houston Community Health Centers, Inc. Houston, Texas Bruce Britton, MD Clinical Associate Professor and Family Medicine Clerkship Director Department of Family and Community Medicine Eastern Virginia Medical School Portsmouth, Virginia Bal Reddy, MD Director of Predoctoral Education Assistant Professor Department of Family Medicine University of Texas Medical School at Houston Houston, Texas New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-0-07-160024-8 MHID: 0-07-160024-8 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-160023-1, MHID: 0-07-160023-X. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occur- rence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. -
Answer Key Chapter 1
Instructor's Guide AC210610: Basic CPT/HCPCS Exercises Page 1 of 101 Answer Key Chapter 1 Introduction to Clinical Coding 1.1: Self-Assessment Exercise 1. The patient is seen as an outpatient for a bilateral mammogram. CPT Code: 77055-50 Note that the description for code 77055 is for a unilateral (one side) mammogram. 77056 is the correct code for a bilateral mammogram. Use of modifier -50 for bilateral is not appropriate when CPT code descriptions differentiate between unilateral and bilateral. 2. Physician performs a closed manipulation of a medial malleolus fracture—left ankle. CPT Code: 27766-LT The code represents an open treatment of the fracture, but the physician performed a closed manipulation. Correct code: 27762-LT 3. Surgeon performs a cystourethroscopy with dilation of a urethral stricture. CPT Code: 52341 The documentation states that it was a urethral stricture, but the CPT code identifies treatment of ureteral stricture. Correct code: 52281 4. The operative report states that the physician performed Strabismus surgery, requiring resection of the medial rectus muscle. CPT Code: 67314 The CPT code selection is for resection of one vertical muscle, but the medial rectus muscle is horizontal. Correct code: 67311 5. The chiropractor documents that he performed osteopathic manipulation on the neck and back (lumbar/thoracic). CPT Code: 98925 Note in the paragraph before code 98925, the body regions are identified. The neck would be the cervical region; the thoracic and lumbar regions are identified separately. Therefore, three body regions are identified. Correct code: 98926 Instructor's Guide AC210610: Basic CPT/HCPCS Exercises Page 2 of 101 6.