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FILECopy Document of The World Bank International Finance Corporation FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No. P-2227a-MAI REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION OF THE PRESIDENT TO THE Public Disclosure Authorized EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS OF THE BANK AND TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE CORPORATION ON A PROPOSED LOAN BY THE BANK TO THE INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENTBANK OF MALAWI WITH THE GUARANTEEOF THE Public Disclosure Authorized REPUBLIC OF MALAWI AND A PROPOSED INVESTMENT BY THE CORPORATION IN THI INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENTBANK OF MALAWI June 22, 1978 Public Disclosure Authorized This documenthas a restricteddistribution and may be used by recipients only in the performanceof their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit = Malawi Kwacha (MK) US$1.00 = MK 0.89 MK 1.00 = US$1.12 MK 1,000 = US$1,120 MK 1,000,000 = US$1,120,000 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 1 foot (ft) = 0.305 meters (m) I mile (mi) = 1.609 kilometers (km) 2 1 square mile (sq mi) = 2.590 square kilometers (km ) 1 ton (t) = 0.907 metric tons (m ton) GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS ADMARC - Agricultural Development and Marketing Corporation CDC - Commonwealth Development Corporation DEG - Deutsche Entwicklungs Gesellschaft DEVPOL - Government's Statement of Development Policies EIB - European Investment Bank FMO - Nederlandse Financierings - Maatschappij voor Ontwikkelings Landen N.V. IECM - Import-Export Company of Malawi INDEBANK - Investment and Development Bank of Malawi MDC - Malawi Development Corporation MWS - Ministry of Works and Supplies GOVERNMENT'S FISCAL YEAR April 1 - March 31 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY MALAWI INDEBANK PROJECT LOAN, EQUITY AND PROJECT SUMMARY IBRD Loan Borrower: Investment and Development Bank of Malawi Limited (INDEBANK) Guarantor: Republic of Malawi Amount: US$3.0 million equivalent Terms: Repayable in accordance with a schedule which would conform substantially to the aggregate of the amortiza- tion schedules applicable to the sub-loans. The maximum repayment period would be 17 years. Interest would be 7.5 percent per annum. Relending Terms: INDEBANK would relend the proceeds of the loan at an interest rate which could vary between 10.5 and 11.0 percent per annum for a maximum period of 15 years, including 2 years of grace. The foreign exchange risk would be borne by the sub-borrowers. IFC Investment: 500,000 INDEBANK shares of par value MK1 each to be subscribed by IFC at par (approximately US$562,000 equivalent). Project Description: The project seeks to assist the growth of medium- to large-scale enterprises in Malawi by providing funds to INDEBANK for financing the foreign exchange component of industrial projects. It would also seek to improve the operational policies of INDEBANK and, through IFC's representation on the institution's board, to provide technical advice to INDEBANK's management. It would create an estimated 1,100 new jobs. The project faces no special risks. INDEBANK will pass the foreign exchange risk to its borrowers. Estimated Resource Local Foreign Total Requirement (1978-mid 1981) (US$ million): Industry 4.0 7.4 11.4 Agriculture 1.2 2.4 3.6 Real Estate and Others 1.4 2.5 3.9 Total 6.6 12.3 18.9 This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. - ii - Financing Plan (US$ Million): Local Foreign Total Resources available at end 1977 0.9 1.6 2.5 European Investment Bank (Loan) 0.0 3.3 3.3 Internal Cash Generation by INDEBANK 4.4 0.0 4.4 INDEBANK's existing shareholders 1.1 3.3 4.4 Proposed Loan 0.0 3.0 3.0 Proposed IFC Investment 0.0 0.6 0.6 Gap 11 0.2 0.5 0.7 6.6 12.3 18.9 Estimated Loan Disbursements (US$ million): Bank FY 1979 1980 1981 1982 Annual 0.2 1.3 1.3 0.2 Cumulative 0.2 1.5 2.8 3.0 Rate of Return: n.a. Appraisal Report: Ref. No. 1914a-MAI June 9, 1978. 1/ The European Investment Bank has expressed willingness to make another loan to INDEBANK when its present loan is fully committed. REPORT AND RECOMMENDATIONOF THE PRESIDENT TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS OF THE BANK AND TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE CORPORATION ON A PROPOSED LOAN BY THE BANK TO THE INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENTBANK OF MALAWILTD. WITH THE GUARANTEEOF THE REPUBLIC OF MALAWIAND A PROPOSED INVESTMENT BY THE CORPORATION IN THIS DEVELOPMENTFINANCE COMPANY 1. I submit the following report and recommendation on a proposed loan to the Investment and Development Bank of Malawi Ltd. (INDEBANK) with the guarantee of the Republic of Malawi for the equivalent of US$4.0 million, and a proposed IFC investment of MK 500,000 (approximately US$562,000 equiva- lent) in the share capital of INDEBANK. The loan would bear interest at 7.5 percent per annum and the repayment would conform substantially to the aggregate of the amortization schedules applicable to the sub-loans made pur- suant to this loan. The maximum repayment period would be 17 years. INDEBANK would use US$3.0 million to help finance the foreign exchange component of its loans and investments and would channel the remaining US$1.0 million through two commercial banks to help finance the foreign exchange component of loans and investments in small-scale enterprises. PART I - THE ECONOMY 2. A report entitled "Memorandum on the Economy of Malawi" (Report No. 1677a-MAI) dated September 30, 1977 was circulated to the Executive Directors on October 10, 1977. Country data sheets are provided in Annex I. 3. At independence in 1964, Malawi was the poorest of the three terri- tories of the former Central African Federation. With a population of 5.2 million and a land area of about 118,500 square kilometers, Malawi is also densely populated. Its main assets are moderately fertile soils, good water resources and a climate favorable to crop production. Unlike its neighbors, Malawi has no substantial mineral resources. Forests constitute the main essentially untapped resource which could be exploited on a signi- ficant scale in the future. At independence, the tax base was very narrow, government revenues had to be supplemented with British budgetary aid to support the administration, and prospects for economic development were generally regarded as bleak. 4. Malawi has a GNP per capita of only US$140 and is listed by the United Nations among the world's poorest countries. Measured against the country's natural endowments, however, progress since 1964 has been remark- able. Between 1964 and 1976, GDP at constant prices grew at an average annual rate of 6.5 percent, domestic investment and savings increased rapidly, and government finances had improved sufficiently to eliminate the need for budgetary aid. Agriculture, which dominates the economy (46 percent of GDP and 40 percent of paid employment in 1976), has been directed towards export markets by encouraging cash crop estates production and integrated rural development schemes. In addition, rapid industrial development (the share of industry rose from 9 percent of GDP in 1964 to 18 percent in 1976) has significantly broadened the economic base. -2- 5. The continuingsuccess of Malawi's developmentefforts has been the result of realistic and purposefulplanning by the Government. A State- ment of DevelopmentPolicies (DEVPOL),which provides a general framework for three-yearrolling plans, was published in 1971. DEVPOL contains guidelines for major economic targets up to 1980 and states as main socioeconomicobjec- tives: (a) raising living standardsand productivityin rural areas; (b) achieving an average annual growth of GDP of 8 percent through the parallel developmentof smallholderoutput, estate agricultureand industry; (c) promoting a more balanced regional development;and (d) developinglocal initiativesby gradually increasinglocal participationin the economy. 6. Within the public sector, agriculturewill receive 19 percent, public utilities 11 percent, and social services 15 percent of total in- vestment during 1971-80. The transportationsector will receive about 29 percent, although between now and 1980 the proportion is expected to be tem- porarily higher (46 percent) because of the concentrationof several large investmentsin those years. Malawi has an effective administrationwhich has been quite successfulin preparing and implementingdevelopment projects. 7. DEVPOL recognizesthe importantrole of private investmentin devel- opment which, it is anticipated,will account for about one-half of total fixed capital formation over the 1971-80 period. The Government also recog- nizes the role of a healthy private sector in generating foreign exchange and savings needed to sustain other elements of the developmentstrategy, and has adopted policies which are intended to attract foreign investors and to ensure a continuedhigh growth of the private sector. Trade and payments policies are liberal, profits moderately taxed and wages are held down to favor labor- intensive estates and industries. The modern private sector has been the leader in economic growth. The output of estate agricultureincreased by 10 percent a year in real terms over the past decade, and industrialproduction rose by 13 percent annually. 8. In 1969 (the last year for which reliable income data are avail- able), the poorest 40 percent of Malawi's householdsreceived 15 percent of the total; the highest 20 percent received 53 percent and the top 5 percent received 30 percent. These figures compared well with those of other develop- ing countries. Since then, the rapid developmentof the modern private sector has probably led to a less equitable situation. 9. To offset the adverse distributionaleffect of the growth of the modern private sector, the Governmenthas directed some of its agricultural investmentprogram toward the smallholders. However, for some years, the Governmentkept producer prices well below internationalprices until they started acting as disincentivesto producers.