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Who Is Thomas Linacre? James F The Linacre Quarterly Volume 22 | Number 3 Article 2 8-1-1955 Who is Thomas Linacre? James F. Gilroy Follow this and additional works at: https://epublications.marquette.edu/lnq Part of the Ethics and Political Philosophy Commons, and the Medicine and Health Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Gilroy, James F. (1955) "Who is Thomas Linacre?," The Linacre Quarterly: Vol. 22 : No. 3 , Article 2. Available at: https://epublications.marquette.edu/lnq/vol22/iss3/2 Linacre's collation of manuscripts and for seven miles around, and in the Vatican libraries gained him for the punishment of offenders. a reputation as an authority in Four years afterwards these privi­ Who is Thomas Linacre? Humanistic learning. During the leges and responsibilities were course of these studies he became confirmed by statute and extended JAMES F. GILROY, S.J. so interested in the ancient writers to the whole country. "3 Linacre on medicine that he directed his financed the whole project out of EW PHYSICIANS have ever done reform and too conscientious not studies to this field and earned a his own fortune, since the royal more for their profession F than to do his best to bring it about. To doctor of medicine degree at the charter made no provision for sup­ Thomas Linacre. When he re­ combat the ignorance of scientific University of Padua. port. ceived his M.D. at the beginning medical methods he gave lectures of the fifteenthcentury, the practice After his return from Italy Lin­ The importance of this establish­ at Oxford and established reader­ ment can be seen, for "no profes­ of medicine in England was car­ acre was chosen tutor and physi­ ships in medicine at Oxford and sional foundation, at home or ried on largely by "a great multi­ cian to Prince Arthur and teacher Cambridge. In order to limit the abroad. stands higher today in tude of ignorant persons, of whom of Italian to Princess Mary. Soon practice of medicine to competent public estimation than this College. the greater part had no insight he became domestic physician to . phys!cians he founded the Royal King Henry VII and in due course Its Fellowship is recognized as into physic, nor in any other kind College of Physicians to license was made King's Physician to evidence of culture, professional of learning; some could not even doctors and regulate their practice skill. and high character: one read the letters on the book, so far Henry VIII. But all this court fa­ and to punish irregular practi­ vor did not turn his attention from might say that by it the attributes forth, that common artificers, as tioners. what had become a dominating in­ of the founder are preserved,"4 smiths, weavers, and women, bold­ ly and accustomably Born about 1460, young Linacre terest in his life-the establishment and "it is impossible not to recog­ took upon studied at the monastery school of them great cures to of a firm foundation for medicine nize a strong constructive genius the displeasure Christ Church, Canterbury, under of God, great infamy as � respectable profession in Eng­ in the scheme of the College of to the fac­ the learned monk William Selling ulty, and the grievous land. His first steps in this direc­ Physicians, by which Linacre not hurt, dam­ and then proceeded to Oxford. In age, and destruction tion were the medical lectures he only first organized the medical of \Ilar4' of 1488 he accepted the offer of trav­ the King's liege people." 1 gave early in th� century at Ox­ profession in England, but im­ Not too eling to Italy with his old teacher, long before this, Geoffrey ford. Soon, however, he saw that pressed upon it for some centuries Chaucer Selling, who had been appointed in the Prologue to his it would be better to carry on his the stamp of his own individu­ Canterbury Henry VII's ambassador to the Tales spoke of a doctor work from London. ality."5 of his Pope. At the most famous of the time: "He watched sharply When by 1509 he had become His last great contribution to for fa­ Italian Universities, Bologna, Flor­ vorable hours and firmly established at Court, he the advancement of medicine was an auspicious ence, Rome, Venice, and Padua, ascendant for his gave himself even more completely the establishment shortly before patients' treat- . Linacre spent about ten years. as­ ment, for he was well to the task. At last. in 1518, he his death of readerships in medi: grounded in sociating with and studying under astrology. "2 received the reward for his long cine at Oxford and Cambridge. many of the leading figures of the efforts, a royal charter establishing Unfortunately, however, "owing to Linacre was too intelligent not Italian Renaissance, such as Her­ the Royal College of Physicians neglect and bad management of to perceive the immense need for molaus Barbarus and the future . of London. He became its first the funds, they fell into useless- EmToR's NOTE: The abeve thoughtful Medici Pope, Leo X. At Rome President. "It was Linacre's zeal account of this great physician [or whom mas Linacre is given in the first part of for the advancement of medicine 3 W. J. O'Donovan. "Thomas Linacre:" our journal is named reminds us-and not Great Catholics. edited bv Claude W1l­ for the first time-that there seems to be the article on him in the book Great that led him to obtain by Royal Catholics. liamson, 0.S.C. (New York: Macmil­ no full-length biography of Thomas Lin­ 1 lan & Co., 1939) p. From the Charter of the College of Letters Patent a charter from Kinq 87. acre althou{lh there are scores for his 4 J. P. Pye, "Thomas Linacre, Schola�. famous student and contemporary, Tho­ Physicians, quoted by Anthony Bassler Henry VIII made out to himself Twelve Catholic The Linacre Quar� Physician, Priest," mas More. A definitive biography and "Thomas Linacre," and five other physicians for the Men of Science, edited by Bertra m terly, I (1933). Windle at least one popular biography is highly 2 The Canterbury foundation of a College of Physi­ (London: Catholic Truth So­ desirable. It would not be an easy task. Geoffrey Chaucer, Tales, ciety, 1914). p. 9. It does look interesting. A rather good edited by John Tatlock and Percy cians of London, for the regulation 5 Encqclopaedia Britannica, 9th ed Vol. bibliography of source materials on Tho- MacKaye for modern readers (New Article, "Thomas Linacre. ;: York: Macmillan & Co., 1946) , p. 8. of the practice of physic in London XIV. 86 87 LINACRE QUARTERLY AUGUST, 1955 ness and obscurity." But ·'the Ox­ Besides being a great physician, opinion of Sir William Osler. the graces of life and refinements of ford foundation was revived by Thomas Linacre was also a great great modern physician and heart which make up character. the university commissioners in scholar. He knew Greek thorough­ founder of the Johns Hopkins hese have been the leaven that 1856 in the form of the Linacre ly and was famous for the purity University School of Medicine. raised our profession above the professorship of anatomy. Poster­ of his Latin style. He included "Many of the greatest physicians." level of business. Of such as these ity has done justice to the gener­ among his students such outstand­ said Osler. "have influenced the Linacre was one."12 osity and public spirit which ing personages as the Prince Ar­ profession less by their special thur already mentioned, the Prin­ prompted these foundations."G work than by exemplifying those 12 O'Donovan, op. cit., p. 84. In 1520 Lin.acre. unlike Chau­ cess and future Queen Mary, Sir cer's physician. whose "studie was Thomas More, the Saint and bril­ but litel on the Bible, "7 culminated liant Humanist, and Erasmus, the a thoroughly Christian life by be­ greatest scholar of the age. The ing ordained a priest of the Catho­ leading scholars of Europe in his lic Church. Four years later, on day united in their praise of Lin­ October 20, 1524. he died and was acre as the first great English buried in St. Paul's Cathedral. Humanist as well as the outstand­ London. He had lived his sixty­ ing physician of the time. Indeed, four years of life to the full. Few his intellectual gifts were such that before or after him can display a Erasmus wrote: "What can be more acute, more perfect, or more comparable record of intellectual i body or in soul, man is in pain; refined than the judgment of Lin­ WHEN SOMETHING GOES WRONG n and cultural achievements. his work in the world is interrupted and may be left unfinished. It is the acre,"9 and "Linacre is as deep by helpin g m an Thomas Linacre was a great part of doctors and nurses to co-operate in the plan of God and acute a thinker as I have ever s s the physician in his time; of this there over these difficult times, to relieve the p ain and to cure the icknes by met with."10 It is indeed a credit s and placed at the disposal can be no doubt. Among his pa­ use of natural means which God ho created . tients were numbered two kings, and high compliment to the profes­ of man. sion that such a man should devote Henry VII and Henry VIII. a Doctors and nurses get closer to the heart and spirit of man than any­ prince. a future queen. the Lord himself to the practice of medicine one else except priests.
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