Iran Mirror March 2018
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Load more
Recommended publications
-
Rolling Stock Orders: Who
THE INTERNATIONAL LIGHT RAIL MAGAZINE HEADLINES l Toronto’s streetcar advocates fight back l UK’s Midland Metro expansion approved l Democrats propose more US light rail ROLLING STOCK ORDERS: WHO... WHAT... HOW MUCH? Ukrainian tramways under the microscope US streetcar trends: Mixed fleets: How technology Lessons from is helping change over a century 75 America’s attitude of experience to urban rail in Budapest APRIL 2012 No. 892 1937–2012 WWW. LRTA . ORG l WWW. TRAMNEWS . NET £3.80 TAUT_April12_Cover.indd 1 28/2/12 09:20:59 TAUT_April12_UITPad.indd 1 28/2/12 12:38:16 Contents The official journal of the Light Rail Transit Association 128 News 132 APRIL 2012 Vol. 75 No. 892 Toronto light rail supporters fight back; Final approval for www.tramnews.net Midland Metro expansion; Obama’s budget detailed. EDITORIAL Editor: Simon Johnston 132 Rolling stock orders: Boom before bust? Tel: +44 (0)1832 281131 E-mail: [email protected] With packed order books for the big manufacturers over Eaglethorpe Barns, Warmington, Peterborough PE8 6TJ, UK. the next five years, smaller players are increasing their Associate Editor: Tony Streeter market share. Michael Taplin reports. E-mail: [email protected] 135 Ukraine’s road to Euro 2012 Worldwide Editor: Michael Taplin Flat 1, 10 Hope Road, Shanklin, Isle of Wight PO37 6EA, UK. Mike Russell reports on tramway developments and 135 E-mail: [email protected] operations in this former Soviet country. News Editor: John Symons 140 The new environment for streetcars 17 Whitmore Avenue, Werrington, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffs ST9 0LW, UK. -
Railway Transportation Systems
Railway Transportation Systems Railways • Urban Railways • Monorails Building a Better World Railway for Future Transportation Generations Systems Railways • Urban Railways • Monorails Show Video Mission Services To Provide World-Class Management, Engineering, Procurement & Construction Services Through People & Organizational ■ Project Development Development to Improve the Quality of Life ■ Project Management ■ Engineering Values ■ Procurement ■ Respecting People, Their Values & Rights ■ Construction ■ Observing Professional Ethics and Adhering to all Obligations ■ Financing ■ Commitment to Health, Safety and Environment ■ Investment ■ Commitment to Providing Desired Quality ■ Operation and Maintenance ■ Cherishing Creativity, Initiative and Innovation Culture ■ Promoting Continual Technical & Managerial Improvements ■ Commitment to Win-Win-Win Relationship Divisions Civil Water and Wastewater Railway Transportation Systems Housing and Buildings Oil, Gas and Industry ■ Ports & Harbors ■ Dams ■ Railways ■ Mass Housing ■ Refineries & Petrochemical Plants ■ Airports ■ Water Transfer and Diversion Tunnels ■ Urban Railways ■ Residential Complexes ■ Pumping & Compressor Stations ■ Roads, Elevated Highways & Tunnels ■ Irrigation and Drainage Networks ■ Monorails ■ Townships ■ Power Generation Plants, Power ■ Bridges ■ Water and Wastewater Treatment Plants ■ Infrastructure Facilities & Landscaping Transmission & Substations ■ Water Transmission Lines ■ Commercial & Office Complexes ■ Industrial Manufacturing Plants ■ Sewerage Collection and -
Ideology and the Iranian Revolution1
Ideology and the Iranian Revolution1 Mehdi Shadmehr2 First Draft: May 2008. This Draft: Summer 2011 Comments are welcomed. 1I wish to thank Bing Powell, Charles Ragin, Mehran Kamrava, Bonnie Meguid, Gretchen Helmeke, and participants in the Comparative Politics Workshop at the University of Rochester for helpful suggestions and comments. 2Department of Economics, University of Miami, Jenkins Bldg., Coral Gables, FL 33146. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Some theories of revolution deny an independent role for ideology in the making of rev- olutions, whereas others grant it an indispensable role. I investigate the role of ideology in the Iranian Revolution by focusing on two periods of Iranian history that witnessed popular uprising: the early 1960's and the late 1970's. While the former uprising was aborted, the latter led to the Iranian Revolution. Contrasting these periods, I argue that the structural and non-agency process factors underwent the same dynamic in both periods, and hence are not sufficient to explain the variation in outcome. I propose that the change in the oppo- sition's ideology accounts for this variation. To establish the causal link, I investigate this ideological change, tracing its role in the actors' decision-making processes. I argue that: (1) Khomeini's theory of Islamic state expanded the set of alternatives to the status quo theory of state, and changed the Islamic opposition's \calculus of protest"; (2) an ideological change is an intellectual innovation/shock, the timing of which is intrinsically uncertain. Therefore, integrating ideology to the theory enhances its explanatory power; (3) an ideological change can serve as an observable intermediate variable that mediates the effect of unobservable cumulative and/or threshold processes. -
(Presentation): Urban Railways Management and Operation: Case
UNCRD Regional EST Training Course on Railway Tehran Metro Network Mahmoud Saffarzadeh Professor of Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Advisor of Ministry of Roads and Transportation, Tehran, Iran Iranian cities with metro Area (km2) 1,648,195 Population (Millions) 80 Number of Most Populated Cities 9 (over 1 million) Length City Lines (km) Tehran 559 12 Mashhad 119 5 Esfahan 112 4 Karaj 105 6 Ahvaz 88 4 Shiraz 73 5 Tabriz 63 4 Qom 52 3 Kermanshah 13 1 Total 1184 44 Status of urban & suburban rail lines in Iran (excluding Tehran) Current Urban Suburban Under Under Total Projects Train Train Study Construction Karaj 5 Lines: 80 km 1 Line: 25 km 6 Lines: 105 km 4 Lines: 53 km 2 Lines: 52 km Mashhad 5 Lines: 126 km 2 Lines: 106 km 7 Lines: 232 km 4 Lines: 148 km 2 Lines: 65 km Tabriz 4 Lines: 64 km 1 Line: 20 km 5 Lines: 84 km 3 Lines: 44 km 2 Lines: 40 km Esfahan 3 Lines: 52 km 5 Lines: 145 km 8 Lines: 197 km 4 Lines: 105 km 4 Lines: 92 km Shiraz 6 Lines: 93 km 1 Line: 20 km 7 Lines: 113 km 5 Lines: 73 km 2 Lines: 40 km Ahwaz 4 Lines: 88 km 2 Lines: 50 km 6 Lines: 138 km 5 Lines: 115 km 1 Line: 23 km Qom 2 Lines: 33 km - 2 Lines: 33 km - 2 Lines: 33 km Kermanshah 1 Line: 13 km - 1 Line: 13 km - 1 Line: 13 km Total 30 Lines: 549 km 12 Lines: 366 km 42 Lines: 915 km 25 Lines: 538 km 16 Lines: 358 km Saffarzadeh Tehran at a glance Capital of Iran Population: 8,300,000 Surrounded by satellite cities and towns (total population 15.0 Million) Area: 800 Km2 Population density: 10750/km2 Residents trip: 17.0 M/day No. -
2012 National History Bee National Championships Round 1: (Early Non-US History)
2012 National History Bee National Championships Round 1: (Early Non-US History) 2012 NATIONAL HISTORY BEE NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIPS ROUND 1: (EARLY NON-US HISTORY) 1. This man's claim to the throne was enabled by Richard II’s Letters Patent in 1397, legitimizing the offspring of Katherine Swynford. Thus the claim from his mother, Lady Margaret Beauford, who was the great-granddaughter of John of Gaunt, was accepted even though the Portuguese and Spanish royal families had better claims. To help end the War of the Roses, he married Elizabeth of York, Edward IV’s daughter. For the point, name this first Tudor monarch who gained command of England after defeating Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field. ANSWER: Henry VII [prompt on Henry] 147-12-58-19101 2. This emperor sent Pliny the Younger to investigate corruption among the administrators of Bithynia. This man renovated the road that connected Bostra to the Red Sea, the King's Highway. Parthia's decision over the new king of Armenia provoked this man to sack Ctesiphon. This man was unable to conceive a child with his wife, Pompeia Plotina. He also commissioned a large bridge near the Iron Gates while fighting in the Danube region. Under his reign, the Roman Empire expanded as far eastward as the Persian Gulf, thereby reaching its farthest extent in 117 CE. For the point, identify this second of the Five Good Emperors who commemorated his victory in the Dacian War by building a namesake column in Rome. ANSWER: Trajan [or Marcus Ulpius Traianus] 064-12-58-19102 3. -
Tehran Metro
© 2019 Dr. M. Montazeri. All Rights Reserved. TEHRAN METRO HISTORY Tehran, as the capital of Islamic Republic of Iran, is the first Iranian city in terms of economic, cultural and social as well as political centralization. This eight- million people city that its population with satellite towns reaches to twelve million inhabitants faces the traffic crisis and its consequences such as fuel consumption, noise pollution, wasting time and accidents. Undoubtedly, construction of an efficient and high-capacity transportation system will be the main solution to overcoming this crisis. Today, urban rail transportation has become increasingly apparent in its role as a massive, safe, fast, inexpensive and convenient public transport network to reduce vehicle congestion, environment pollution, fuel consumption and promoting the quality of social life. In the first comprehensive urban plan conducted in 1958, a railway transportation discussion was observed for the city of Tehran. In 1971, the study of urban transport situation was assigned to Sufreto French Company by the municipality of Tehran. This institute presented a comprehensive report titled “Tehran Transportation & Traffic Plan” based on information, collected statistics and related forecasts for the development and growth of Tehran in 1974. A "Metro-Street" system was proposed in this comprehensive plan, based on the construction of seven subway lines with the length of 147 km, completed by developing an above-ground network toward suburb, a full bus network as a complementary for metro, a number of Park&Ride facilities around the metro stations and finally a highway belt network. Due to this, a legal bill regarding the establishment of urban and suburban railway company was submitted to the parliament by the government in April 1975, which was approved by the National Assembly and the Senate, in which the municipality of Tehran was authorized to establish a company called Tehran Urban & Suburban Railway Co. -
Iranian Politics and Religious Modernism
Iranian Politics and Religious Modernism THE LIBERATION MOVEMENT OF IRAN UNDER THE SHAH AND KHOMEINI H. E. CHEHAB! ,. _,:...,~ ·::,~:-- . ,,.;:\.<;;:. I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd Publishers Lon_don Published by For my parents l.B.Tauris & Co Ltd 110 Gloucester Avenue London NW1 8JA Copyright © 1990 by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Chehabi, Houchang E. Iranian politics and religious modernism: the liberation movement of Iran. t. Iran. Politics I. Title 320.955 ISBN 1-85043-198-1 Printed in the United States of America Iranian Polity in Comparative Perspective / 31 ide?logically t~e re~l or imagine.cl _local representatives of powers against N.llillll·ili·;in ,111 .1 1.:\·ligious Modernism which. , all Nahonahsts. were stnvmg·· communism, Bah a ,.ism, z·ionism. · is l·k.ir th.ii 111 tlH' old polities of the non-Western world National- 11 Lmz s observation that the "anti" character of fascism can be t b . .\·lii'H''''• 1111Hkrnism share many affinities. Both strive to make d d . 4 s e 11 un erstoo as anh-mternational and anticosmopolitans also a r t \Sill ,\Ill ,, ' I . N t' l. d . pp ies o tlw l\it1ntn· ,111 d 1h ndture. an equa.l .among equals: the one in the raman a 10na ism an religious modernism. Transnational move- . .• l si1\1t·n· tlll' sl'cond m the spmtual sphere. Religious modern- t'l' 1Ill1 •I · 1 ' . -
Aspects of Spirituality in the Late Twentieth Century Expressed in Contemporary Iranian Painting Mohammad Kazem Dekamvand University of Wollongong
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 1995 The search for identity: aspects of spirituality in the late Twentieth Century expressed in contemporary Iranian painting Mohammad Kazem Dekamvand University of Wollongong Recommended Citation Dekamvand, Mohammad Kazem, The es arch for identity: aspects of spirituality in the late Twentieth Century expressed in contemporary Iranian painting, Doctor of Creative Arts thesis, Faculty of Creative Arts, University of Wollongong, 1995. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/938 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] 7*t the, 7ta#ne, of AUGA, the 3eai^iceatt tde TKe^ciftd THE SEARCH FOR IDENTITY Aspects of Spirituality in the Late Twentieth Century Expressed in Contemporary Iranian Painting. A written submission in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of DOCTOR OF CREATIVE ARTS from UNIVERSITY OF WOLLONGONG by MOHAMMAD KAZEM HASSANVAND DEKAMVAND BFA, MCA FACULTY OF CREATIVE ARTS 1995 CERTIFICATION I certify that this work has not been submitted for a degree to any university or institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by any other person, except where due reference has been made in the text. Mohammad Kazem Hassanvand Dekamvand October 1995 THE SEARCH FOR IDENTITY Aspects of Spirituality in the Late Twentieth Century Expressed in Contemporary Iranian Painting. ABSTRACT This research centres on an artist's interpretation of the search for identity in the late twentieth century—particularly as expressed by the Post-Revolutionary Art of Iran. -
Mathematics Education in Iran from Ancient to Modern
Mathematics Education in Iran From Ancient to Modern Yahya Tabesh Sharif University of Technology Shima Salehi Stanford University 1. Introduction Land of Persia was a cradle of science in ancient times and moved to the modern Iran through historical ups and downs. Iran has been a land of prominent, influential figures in science, arts and literature. It is a country whose impact on the global civilization has permeated centuries. Persian scientists contributed to the understanding of nature, medicine, mathematics, and philosophy, and the unparalleled names of Ferdowsi, Rumi, Rhazes, al-Biruni, al-Khwarizmi and Avicenna attest to the fact that Iran has been perpetually a land of science, knowledge and conscience in which cleverness grows and talent develops. There are considerable advances through education and training in various fields of sciences and mathematics in the ancient and medieval eras to the modern and post-modern periods. In this survey, we will present advancements of mathematics and math education in Iran from ancient Persia and the Islamic Golden Age toward modern and post-modern eras, we will have some conclusions and remarks in the epilogue. 2. Ancient: Rise of the Persian Empire The Land of Persia is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with its formation in 3200–2800 BC and reaching its pinnacle of its power during the Achaemenid Empire. Founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC, the Achaemenid Empire at its greatest extent comprised major portions of the ancient world. Persian Empire 1 Governing such a vast empire was, for sure in need of financial and administration systems. -
Sociedade Internacional Para a História Da Otorrinolaringologia Robert J
Sociedade Internacional Para a História da Otorrinolaringologia Robert J. Ruben Introdução As doenças otológicas sempre existiram, mas foram apreciadas de maneiras muito diferentes ao longo do tempo e do local. Como parte de um projeto em andamento, surgiu a questão de qual era o estado da Otologia na época, chamada antiguidade tardia1 de 200 a 600, da Crise do Império Romano no Terceiro Sécu- lo2 (235-284) para, no Oriente, o período do início do Islã (séculos VII-IX), após as conquistas muçulmanas em meados do século VII? Foi realizada uma pesquisa e análise sistemática usando-se 15 (quinze) palavras de pesquisa das traduções originais do material para este período. A antiguidade tardia é considerada como um período de pouco avanço inte- lectual e acadêmico e de agitação social, política e militar. Houve poucos avanços no que consideramos a Europa. Existe a tradição de São Cadoc3, 497 - 580 d.C., do País de Gales, que se acreditava ser capaz de prevenir ou restaurar a perda auditiva. Vários santuários em todo o País de Gales e Bretanha foram dedicados a ele. Estes se encontravam geralmente perto da água, do mar ou de uma fonte. Um exemplo é encontrado na Igreja de São Cadoc, no estuário de Etel, no sul da Bretanha, que é chamado de ‘cama de St. Cadoc’, uma grande estrutura de pedra com uma pequena cavidade em um lado no qual o suplicante aperta a cabeça e pressiona o ouvido afetado contra o leito. Outras intervenções eram derramar água, mel, etc. no ou- vido afetado e oferecer as orações apropriadas4. -
State, Dissidents, and Contention: Iran, 1979-2010
STATE, DISSIDENTS, AND CONTENTION: IRAN, 1979-2010 HAMID REZAI SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCE COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2012 ©2012 Hamid Rezai All rights reserved ABSTRACT State, Dissidents, and Contention: Iran, 1979-2010 Hamid Rezai Why after almost a decade of silence and “successful” crackdowns of contention during the 1980s has Iran witnessed once again waves of increasing popular protest? What are the processes and mechanisms behind the routinization of collective actions in Iran since the early 1990s, which continue despite state repression? Why and under what circumstances does a strong authoritarian state that has previously marginalized its contenders tolerate some forms of contention despite the state’s continued repressive capacity? And finally, to what extent are available social movement theories capable of explaining the Iranian case? In “State, Dissidents, and Contention: Iran, 1979-2010” I engage theories of social movements and contentious politics in order to examine the emergence, development, and likely outcomes of popular contention in contemporary Iran. My study is the first project of its kind to focus on elite factionalism and its impact on popular mobilization in contemporary Iran. Although other scholars have extensively written on elite factionalism in postrevolutionary Iran, they have not analyzed the implications of the inter-elite conflict for the emergence and development of social protests against the Islamic Republic. While this study primarily utilizes political process and resource mobilization models, it acknowledges the importance of economic, ideological, and breakdown approaches for the interpretation of the emergence and development of popular mobilization in contemporary Iran. -
GOTHIC Michelucci Alessandro All Is Light Intelligent Design GOTHIC - All Is Light - Intelligent Design
GOTHIC Michelucci Alessandro All is Light Intelligent Design GOTHIC GOTHIC - All is light - intelligent design - intelligent - All is light Alessandro Michelucci EOTI This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecom- mons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA Publication: EOTI Composition and typesetting: EOTI Published in Berlin - Germany ISBN 978-3-00-061246-6 EOTI - European Organization of Translators and Interpreters® Internet presence: www.eoti.eu e-mail: [email protected] EOTI - Heidenfeldstraße 8 10249 - Berlin “The reasons for using the Garamond typefaces rather than Gothic typefaces do not lie in the Antiqua-Fraktur dispute, but rather in the desire to recall the French Renaissance form.” “Sigillum burgensium de berlin sum” (Ich bin das Siegel der Bürger von Berlin) GOTHIC All is Light Intelligent Design Written by Alessandro Michelucci EOTI vi INDEX PREFACE ............................................................................................................ viii I. LIGHT AS “THEOLOGICAL SYMBOL”.................................................................. 1 II. LIGHT AS “CONCEPT OF MERE VISION”........................................................ 13 III. ALL IS LIGHT ............................................................................................... 24 IV. A NEW POLITICAL VISION ...........................................................................