Documentation

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Documentation Meeting of the Board 18 – 21 August 2020 GCF/B.26/02/Add.10 Virtual meeting Provisional agenda item 11 28 July 2020 Consideration of funding proposals - Addendum X Funding proposal package for FP138 Summary This addendum contains the following seven parts: a) A funding proposal titled "ASER Solar Rural Electrification Project"; b) No-objection letter issued by the national designated authority(ies) or focal point(s); c) Environmental and social report(s) disclosure; d) Secretariat’s assessment; e) Independent Technical Advisory Panel’s assessment; f) Response from the accredited entity to the independent Technical Advisory Panel's assessment; and g) Gender documentation. GCF/B.26/02/Add.10 Page b Table of Contents Funding proposal submitted by the accredited entity 3 No-objection letter issued by the national designated authority(ies) or focal point(s) 59 Environmental and social report(s) disclosure 60 Secretariat’s assessment 62 Independent Technical Advisory Panel’s assessment 76 Response from the accredited entity to the independent Technical Advisory Panel's 92 assessment Gender documentation 93 Project/Programme title: ASER Solar Rural Electrification Project Country(ies): Senegal Accredited Entity: West African Development Bank (BOAD) Date of first submission: 2020/01/21 Date of current submission 2020/05/21 Version number V.1.5 GREEN CLIMATE FUND FUNDING PROPOSAL V.2.1 | PAGE 0 Contents Section A PROJECT / PROGRAMME SUMMARY Section B PROJECT / PROGRAMME INFORMATION Section C FINANCING INFORMATION Section D EXPECTED PERFORMANCE AGAINST INVESTMENT CRITERIA Section E LOGICAL FRAMEWORK Section F RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT Section G GCF POLICIES AND STANDARDS Section H ANNEXES Note to Accredited Entities on the use of the funding proposal template • Accredited Entities should provide summary information in the proposal with cross- reference to annexes such as feasibility studies, gender action plan, term sheet, etc. • Accredited Entities should ensure that annexes provided are consistent with the details provided in the funding proposal. Updates to the funding proposal and/or annexes must be reflected in all relevant documents. • The total number of pages for the funding proposal (excluding annexes) should not exceed 60. Proposals exceeding the prescribed length will not be assessed within the usual service standard time. • The recommended font is Arial, size 11. • Under the GCF Information Disclosure Policy, project and programme funding proposals will be disclosed on the GCF website, simultaneous with the submission to the Board, subject to the redaction of any information that may not be disclosed pursuant to the IDP. Accredited Entities are asked to fill out information on disclosure in section G.4. Please submit the completed proposal to: [email protected] Please use the following name convention for the file name: “FP-[Accredited Entity Short Name]-[Country/Region]-[YYYY/MM/DD]” GREEN CLIMATE FUND FUNDING PROPOSAL V.2.0 ACRONYMS ASER : Senegalese Agency for Rural Electrification (Agence Sénégalaise d’Électrification Rurale) ASN : Standards Association of Senegal (Association Sénégalaise de Normalisation) AML/CFT : Anti-money laundering - combating finance of terrorism APR : Annual Performance Report BCEAO : Central Bank of West African States BE : Baseline Emissions BOAD : West African Development Bank (Banque Ouest Africaine de Développement) CDM : Clean Development Mechanim CoP : Conférence of Parties [to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change] COPERES : Council of Professionals of Renewable Energies in Senegal CRSE : Electricity Sector Regulatory Commission (Commission de Régulation du Secteur de l'Électricité) DER : General Delegation for Women and Young Entrepreneurs (Délégation générale à l’Entreprenariat Rapide des Femmes et des Jeunes) DEEC : Direction de l’Environnement et des Etablissements Classés DREEC : Divisions Régionales de l’Environnement et des Établissements Classés ER : Emission Reduction ESMF/ESMP : Environmental and social management Framework/Plan ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States ECREEE ECOWAS Centre for Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency ERIL : Local Rural Electrification Initiative (Electrification Rurale d'Initiative Locale) ERPA : Emission Reductions Purchase Agreement ESIA : Environmental and Social Impact Assessment FONGIP : Priority Investment Guarantee Fund (Fonds de Garantie des Investissements Prioritaires) FONSIS : Sovereign Strategic Investment Fund (Fonds Souverain d'Investissements Stratégiques) FSE : Special Support Fund for the Energy Sector (Fonds Spécial de Soutien au secteur de l’Energie) GCF : Green Climate Fund GDP : Gross Domestic Product GEF : Global Environment Facility GHG : Green House Gases IPP : Independent Power Producers IRENA : International Renewable Energy Agency KYC : Know Your Customer LPDSE Letter of Development for the Energy Sector (Lettre de Développement du Secteur de l’Énergie) MCC : Millennium Challenge Corporation MEP : Ministry of Energy and Petroleum MFI : Microfinance institutions MEFP : Ministry of Economy, Finance and Planification M/SME : Micro/Small Medium Enterprises NDA : National Designated Entity NDCs : Nationally Determined Contributions NGO : Non-Governmental Organization O&M : Operation and Maintenance OECD : Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development PE : Project Emissions PMU : Project Management Unit (Unité de Gestion du Projet) PNER : National Rural Electrification Program (Programme National d'Électrification Rurale) PoA : (CDM) Programme of Activities PPER : Priority Rural Electrification Program (Programme Prioritaire de l'Électrification Rurale) PPPs : Public Private Partnership PREM: Multi-Sectoral Energetic Projects (Projects Energétiques Multi-sectoriels) PSE : Plan Senegal Emergent PUDC : Emergency Community Development Program (Programme d'Urgence de Développement Communautaire) PV : Photovoltaic RE : Renewable Energy ROGEP : Regional Off-Grid Electrification Project SENELEC : Société Nationale d’Electricité du Sénégal SDGs : Sustainable Development Goals SHS : Solar home system ToR : Terms of Reference UNFCCC : United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change WAEMU : West African economic and monetary union (*) Some institutions’ names and acronyms are retained in French GREEN CLIMATE FUND FUNDING PROPOSAL V.2.1 | PAGE 1 A PROJECT/PROGRAMME SUMMARY A.1. Project or A.2. Public or private Project Public programme sector A.3. Request for Not applicable Proposals (RFP) Check the applicable GCF result area(s) that the overall proposed project/programme targets. For each checked result area(s), indicate the estimated percentage of GCF budget devoted to it. The total of the percentages when summed should be 100%. Mitigation: Reduced emissions from: GCF contribution: ☒ Energy access and power generation: 100% ☐ Low-emission transport: ☐ Buildings, cities, industries and appliances: A.4. Result area(s) ☐ Forestry and land use: Adaptation: Increased resilience of: ☐ Most vulnerable people, communities and regions: ☐ Health and well-being, and food and water security: ☐ Infrastructure and built environment: ☐ Ecosystem and ecosystem services: Adaptation co-benefits to 344,000 beneficiaries A.5. Expected mitigation 1,127,447 tCO2eq A.6. Expected adaptation (38,900 households) impact (2021 – 2045) impact 4% of Senegal rural population A.7. Total financing (GCF 198,692,182 Euros + co-finance) Medium (Upto USD 250 A.9. Project size million)1 A.8. Total GCF funding 75,445,176 Euros requested Mark all that apply and provide total amounts. The sum of all total amounts should be consistent with A.8. A.10. Financial ☒ instrument(s) requested Grant EUR 1,821,945 ☐ Equity Enter number for the GCF funding ☒ Loan EUR 73,623,231 ☐ Results-based ☐ Guarantee Enter number payment Enter number A.11. Implementation 25 years 2021 - 2026 A.12. Total lifespan period (PV equipment lifetime) A.13. Expected date of A.14. ESS category B AE internal approval 2/24/2020 A.15. Has this FP been A.16. Has Readiness or ☒ ☒ submitted as a CN Yes No ☐ PPF support been used Yes ☐ No before? to prepare this FP? A.17. Is this FP included A.18. Is this FP included ☒ ☒ in the entity work Yes No ☐ in the country Yes No ☐ programme? programme? 1 Equivalent to EUR 225 million GREEN CLIMATE FUND FUNDING PROPOSAL V.2.1 | PAGE 2 A Does the project/programme complement other climate finance funding (e.g. GEF, AF, A.19. Complementarity CIF, etc.)? If yes, please elaborate in section B.1. and coherence Yes ☐ No ☒ A.20. Executing Entity Government of the Republic of Senegal represented by the Senegalese Rural information Electrification Agency (ASER) A.21. Executive summary (max. 750 words, approximately 1.5 pages) This proposal aims to foster the development of off-grid renewable energy mini-grids to reduce CO2 emissions from the Senegal power sector whilst contributing to electricity access objectives and promoting gender-balanced rural economic growth. Low-carbon universal access is a critical pillar of the Emerging Senegal Plan (PSE) phase II, as the energy sector was considered one of the greatest success of PSE phase I2, with national power generation increasing two-fold between 2012 and 2018, and 20% of the energy mix derived from clean energy sources. Currently, only 42% of Senegal’s rural population has access to electricity. Electricity access rate is still relatively low and reveals a great disparity between urban and rural populations, with regional disparities that are even more dramatic in terms
Recommended publications
  • Bioenergy for Rural Development in West Africa the Case of Ghana, Mali and Senegal
    ENDA Energy, Environment, Development Bioenergy for Rural Development in West Africa The case of Ghana, Mali and Senegal Final Report Coordinating Author Touria Dafrallah (ENDA Energy Environment, Development) Contributing Authors Ishmael Edjekumhene and Paula Edze (KITE, Ghana) Alassane Ngom (Ministry of Environment and Nature Protection) Verena Ommer (Intern at ENDA) September 2010 i Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................................................................................... II LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................................................ III LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................................................... III LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ........................................................................................................................... IV 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................................ 6 2 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 3 THE COUNTRY CONTEXT: ................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mauritania - Senegal: an Emerging New African Gas Province – Is It Still Possible?
    October 2020 Mauritania - Senegal: an emerging New African Gas Province – is it still possible? OIES PAPER: NG163 Mostefa Ouki, Senior Research Fellow, OIES The contents of this paper are the author’s sole responsibility. They do not necessarily represent the views of the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies or any of its members. Copyright © 2020 Oxford Institute for Energy Studies (Registered Charity, No. 286084) This publication may be reproduced in part for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgment of the source is made. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. ISBN 978-1-78467-165-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26889/9781784671655 i Contents Contents .................................................................................................................................................. ii Tables ...................................................................................................................................................... ii Preface .................................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 3 NATURAL GAS POTENTIAL .................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • MOROCCO and ECOWAS: Picking Cherries and 32 Dismantling Core Principles
    www.westafricaninsight.org V ol 5. No 2. 2017 ISSN 2006-1544 WestIAN fSrI iGcHaT MOROCCO’s ACCESSION TO ECOWAS Centre for Democracy and Development TABLE OF CONTENTS Editorial 2 ECOWAS Expansion Versus Integration: Dynamics and Realities 3 ISSUES AND OPTIONS In Morocco's Quest to 11 join the ECOWAS THE ACCESSION of The Kingdom of Morocco to the Economic Community 20 of West African States MOROCCO‟s APPLICATION TO JOIN ECOWAS: A SOFT-POWER ANALYSIS 27 MOROCCO AND ECOWAS: Picking Cherries and 32 Dismantling Core Principles Centre for Democracy and Development W ebsit e: www .cddw estafrica.or g 16, A7 Street, Mount Pleasant Estate, : [email protected] Jabi-Airport Road, Mbora District, : @CDDWestAfrica Abuja, FCT. P.O.Box 14385 www.facebook.com 234 7098212524 Centr efor democracy .anddev elopment Kindly send us your feed back on this edition via: [email protected] Cover picture source: Other pictures source: Internet The Centre for Democracy and Development and the Open Society Initiative for West Africa are not responsible for the views expressed in this publication Chukwuemeka Eze makes the argument that Editorial Morocco's application to join ECOWAS is moved by his December, the Economic Community of self-interest. Morocco is seeking to position itself as a West African States (ECOWAS) has to decide continental power sitting at the top of the political whether Morocco's application to join should and economic table in Africa. By joining ECOWAS T Morocco would have additional opportunities and be accepted or thrown out. Jibrin Ibrahim makes the case that ECOWAS should not allow itself to be benefits in the international community and would stampeded into accepting Morocco into its fold also benefit from the Arab League quota as well as without thinking through the implications for its core West African quota.
    [Show full text]
  • Sharing the Benefits of Large Dams in West Africa: the Case of Displaced People
    Akossombo dam ©encarta.msn.com Kossou dam ©fr.structurae.de SHARING THE BENEFITS OF LARGE DAMS IN WEST AFRICA: THE CASE OF DISPLACED PEOPLE Kaléta site ©OMVG Niger basin ©Wetlands international Draft Final report February 2009 Drafted by Mrs Mame Dagou DIOP, PhD & Cheikh Mamina DIEDHIOU With the collaboration of : Dr Madiodio Niasse This report has been authored by Mrs Mame Dagou DIOP, PhD and Cheikh Mamina DIEDHIOU, Environmental consultants in Senegal; Water Management and Environment Email : [email protected] , [email protected] Tel : + 221 77 635 91 85 With the collaboration of : Dr Madiodio Niasse, Secretary General of the International Land Coalition Disclaimer The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the organizations participating in GWI at national, regional or global level, or those of the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. The Global Water Initiative (GWI), supported by the Howard G. Buffett Foundation, addresses the challenge of providing long term access to clean water and sanitation, as well as protecting and managing ecosystem services and watersheds, for the poorest and most vulnerable people dependant on those services. Water provision under GWI takes place in the context of securing the resource base and developing new or improved approaches to water management, and forms part of a larger framework for addressing poverty, power and inequalities that particularly affect the poorest populations. This means combining a practical focus on water and sanitation delivery with investments targeted at strengthening institutions, raising awareness and developing effective policies. The Regional GWI consortium for West Africa includes the following Partners: - International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) - Catholic Relief Services (CRS) - CARE International - SOS Sahel (UK) - International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) GWI West Africa covers 5 countries : Senegal, Ghana, Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger .
    [Show full text]
  • Energy Security in West Africa the Case of Senegal
    ENDA Energy, Environment, Development Energy Security in West Africa The Case of Senegal - Final report- By Touria Dafrallah Enda Energy, Environment and Development Program With the contribution of Mr Alioune Niang Ministry of Energy, Senegal December 2009 1 Executive Summary The analysis of the Senegalese energy security situation presented in this report highlights the vulnerability of the country and the many challenges that it has to address. These challenges have to do with the need to reach development and economic growth targets, respond to the need of a young and growing population and mitigate the impacts of negative externalities (foreign dependence for conventional energy, vulnerability to climate change of biomass and hydro energy resources, etc) on the country energy supply. This study looked at the socio-economic and energy profiles of Senegal, analyzed the energy security both at the national and household levels. The main findings of this study and key recommendations towards policy makers are summarized as follow: Main findings: Socio-economic and Energy profile of Senegal Like the majority of Sub Saharan African countries (SSA), the socio-economic situation of Senegal is characterised by a widening gap between demographic trends and economic growth. Although the GDP growth rate went from 5, 6% in 2004 to 6, 1% in 2005 (ADB, 2004), the Senegalese economy remains confronted to many difficulties. In terms of poverty, the country is ranked 157th out of 177 countries on the IDH (Index of Human development) scale.The country heavily relies on oil and oil derived products imports. Indeed, fossil fuels are the main type of energy used in Senegal.
    [Show full text]
  • RECP SENEGAL SCOPING MISSION VISIT REPORT ______Table of Contents
    RECP Scoping Mission Senegal Supported by: European Union Energy Initiative Partnership Dialogue Facility (EUEI PDF) c/o Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) P.O. Box 5180 65726 Eschborn, Germany E [email protected] I www.euei-pdf.org Author: Hugo Lucas, Factor With comments and contributions by: Ina de Visser EUEI PDF/RECP Project Manager Date of Publication: August 2016 RECP SENEGAL SCOPING MISSION VISIT REPORT __________________________________________________________________________________ Table of Contents 1 Executive Summary 3 2 RECP in Brief 6 3 Background 7 3.1 Country profile 7 3.2 Stakeholders in the power sector 7 3.3 Policy framework 9 3.4 Financial support to utility scale grid connected renewables 10 3.5 Support to decentralised self-generation 10 3.6 Rural Electrification 11 3.7 Renewable energy potential in Senegal 11 4 Scoping Mission 14 4.1 Purpose of the scoping mission 14 4.2 Donor support to the renewable energy sector 14 4.3 Private investments in renewable energy 16 4.4 Banking sector 17 4.5 Observations from the scoping visits 17 5 Opportunities for RECP support 20 5.1 Suggested Activities and Inputs 20 ANNEXES Annex 1: Agenda: Scoping mission Senegal. Visit Schedule 27 June – 1 July 2016 Annex 2: Detailed country profile Annex 3: Overview of major donor projects for renewable energy and rural electrification 1 | P a g e RECP SENEGAL SCOPING MISSION VISIT REPORT __________________________________________________________________________________ ABBREVIATIONS AEEP Africa-EU Energy Partnership
    [Show full text]
  • Energy Smes in Sub-Saharan Africa: Outcomes, Barriers and Prospects in Ghana, Senegal, Tanzania and Zambia
    Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Dec 20, 2017 Energy SMEs in sub-Saharan Africa: Outcomes, barriers and prospects in Ghana, Senegal, Tanzania and Zambia Haselip, James Arthur; Desgain, Denis DR; Mackenzie, Gordon A. Publication date: 2013 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Haselip, J. A., Desgain, D. D. R., & Mackenzie, G. A. (2013). Energy SMEs in sub-Saharan Africa: Outcomes, barriers and prospects in Ghana, Senegal, Tanzania and Zambia. UNEP Risø Centre on Energy, Climate and Sustainable Development. Department of Management Engineering. Technical University of Denmark (DTU). General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. EnergyEnergy SMEs SMEs in sub-Saharansub-Saharan Africa: Africa: Outcomes,Outcomes, barriers barriers and and prospects prospects in Ghana in , Ghana,Senegal Senegal,, Tanzania Tanzania and Zambiaand Zambia May 2013 James Haselip, Denis Desgain and Gordon Mackenzie UNEP Risø Centre, Denmark Authors James Haselip, Denis Desgain and Gordon Mackenzie UNEP Risø Centre, Denmark May 2013 UNEP Risø Centre on Energy, Climate and Sustainable Development Department of Management Engineering Technical University of Denmark (DTU) Building 142 DTU Risø Campus Frederiksborgvej 399 P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • The Pathway to a Sustainable Energy Future of Sub-Saharan Countries a Case Study of the Implementation of Renewable Energy Technologies in Senegal
    Die approbierte Originalversion dieser Diplom-/ MasterarbeitMSc ist inProgram der Hauptbibliothek der Tech- nischen Universität Wien aufgestellt und zugänglich. http://www.ub.tuwien.ac.atEnvironmental Technology & International Affairs The approved original version of this diploma or master thesis is available at the main library of the Vienna University of Technology. http://www.ub.tuwien.ac.at/eng The Pathway to a sustainable energy future of Sub-Saharan countries A case study of the implementation of renewable energy technologies in Senegal A Master’s Thesis submitted for the degree of “Master of Science” supervised by Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Günther Brauner Valerie Hengl, BSc 1576839 Vienna, 5 June 2018 Affidavit I, VALERIE HENGL, BSC, hereby declare 1. that I am the sole author of the present Master’s Thesis, "THE PATHWAY TO A SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FUTURE OF SUB-SAHARAN COUNTRIES: A CASE STUDY ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES IN SENEGAL", 58 pages, bound, and that I have not used any source or tool other than those referenced or any other illicit aid or tool, and 2. that I have not prior to this date submitted this Master’s Thesis as an examination paper in any form in Austria or abroad. Vienna, 05.06.2018 Signature Abstract Many countries in the Sub-Saharan region and especially in West Africa are among the poorest and least developed regions in the world. In particular, the possibility of access to electricity remains one of the biggest challenges of its population despite its enormous potential for renewable technologies. Therefore, this master thesis examines by means of a case study on Senegal, why the implementation of renewable energy projects in Sub-Saharan Africa is so slowly evolving and establishes recommendation how the Senegalese government can overcome the barriers of renewable energy implementation by appropriate policy measures and financial incentives.
    [Show full text]
  • Senegal Interventions & Plans Main Result Areas Senegal
    country metrics what nl actors do profile government policies trends & limitations senegal interventions & plans main result areas Senegal This country profile, commissioned by The Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Department of Inclusive Green Growth), gives a snapshot of what is happening in in the closely related themes Food & Nutrition Security, Water and Climate and Renewable Energy in Senegal. It provides basic statistics on Senegal’s performance on key indicators and indexes, but also analyses relevant national policies, current donor interventions, and the main trends on the abovementioned themes. Combined with an overview of Dutch support to Senegal, this profile ends by suggesting possible priority result areas for The Netherlands. In total, 12 countries profiles have been made, plus one regional profile for the Sahel. burkina faso chad egypt iraq jordan lebanon niger nigeria somalia sudan tunesia sahel region 1 country metrics what nl actors do profile government policies trends & limitations senegal interventions & plans main result areas Metrics general indicators climate/renewable energy indexes UN Human Development Index Anti-corruption and Accountability World Bank ESMAP Electrification Index 188 countries: 1st = best opportunities for development 100 = strongest policies and practices population with access to electricity mauritania – 1 – 100 % #47 – 61 #162 – – 188 – 0 Word Bank Doing Business Index Gender Inequality Index ND GAIN Index 100 = most conducive environment for business 188 countries: 1st = smallest
    [Show full text]
  • Changing Cities: Climate, Youth, and Land Markets in Urban Areas
    CHANGING CITIES: Climate, Youth, and Land Markets in Urban Areas A NEW GENERATION OF IDEAS Edited by Lauren E. Herzer Comparative Urban Studies Project WWW.WILSOncENTER.ORG/cuSP Available from : Comparative Urban Studies Project Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars One Woodrow Wilson Plaza 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, DC 20004-3027 www.wilsoncenter.org/cusp Cover Photo: “Urban View: Traffic in Hanoi,” Hanoi, Viet Nam. UN Photo/Kibae Park. www.unmultimedia.org/photo ISBN: 978-1-938027-02-4 The WOODROW WILSON INteRNATIONAL CENteR FOR SchOLARS, established by Congress in 1968 and headquartered in Washington, D.C., is a living national memorial to President Wilson. The Center’s mission is to commemorate the ideals and concerns of Woodrow Wilson by provid- ing a link between the worlds of ideas and policy, while fostering research, study, discussion, and collaboration among a broad spectrum of individu- als concerned with policy and scholarship in national and international af- fairs. Supported by public and private funds, the Center is a nonpartisan institution engaged in the study of national and world affairs. It establishes and maintains a neutral forum for free, open, and informed dialogue. Conclusions or opinions expressed in Center publications and programs are those of the authors and speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Center staff, fellows, trustees, advisory groups, or any individu- als or organizations that provide financial support to the Center. The Center is the publisher of The Wilson Quarterly and home of Woodrow Wilson Center Press, dialogue radio and television. For more information about the Center’s activities and publications, please visit us on the web at www.wilsoncenter.org.
    [Show full text]
  • Renewable Energy in West Africa in the International Context
    Energías_renovables_portada(ingles):Energías_renovables_portada(ingles) 21/06/13 13:15 Página 1 The ECOWAS Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (ECREEE), the Instituto Tecnológico de Canarias (ITC) and Casa África have prepared this publication on the state of renewable en- ergy in Western Africa. It is a compilation of articles written by var- Renewable energy ious authors and important regional and international institutions. The objective is to present the current situation and latest trends in West Africa in renewable energy in West Africa in the international context. STATUS, EXPERIENCES AND TRENDS This book is also a contribution to the UN International Year of Sus- tainable Energy for All, and complements the efforts of the ECREEE in managing and disseminating as well as those of the RENOW proj- ect (MAC/3/1982), led by the ITC, which seeks to elaborate strate- gies in developing renewable energy in the Euro-African Atlantic Area, led by the ITC. This publication includes articles on the legal framework and State- of-the-Art renewable energy technology, both in the West African and International regions including experiences shared in the renewable energy sector. With support from: Renewable energy in West Africa. Status, experiences and trends Renewable energy in West With financing from: IBIC: KNBT/1HFD Elaborated by: ISBN: 978-84-8198-880-2 (FFF) tripas ingles_CS3 reorg.indd 344 26/7/13 13:43:08 (FFF) tripas ingles_CS3 reorg.indd 1 26/7/13 13:42:40 (FFF) tripas ingles_CS3 reorg.indd 2 26/7/13 13:42:40 Renewable energy
    [Show full text]
  • Syed Dissertation Final 2
    Al-ḤājjʿUmar Tāl and the Realm of the Written: Mastery, Mobility and Islamic Authority in 19th Century West Africa by Amir Syed A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology and History) in the University of Michigan 2017 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Rudolph T. Ware, Chair Professor Paul Johnson Professor Rüdiger Seesemann, University of Bayreuth Professor Andrew Shryock Dedication To my parents, Safiulla and Fazalunissa, for bringing me here; And to Shafia, Neha, and Lina, for continuing to enrich me ii Acknowledgements It is overwhelming to think about the numerous people who made this journey possible; from small measures of kindness, generosity and assistance, to critical engagement with my ideas, and guiding my intellectual development. Words cannot capture the immense gratidue that I feel, but I will try. I would never have become a historian without the fine instruction I received from the professors at the University of British Columbia. From among them, I will single out Paul Lewin Krause, whose encouragement and support first put me on this path to scholarship. His lessons on writing and teaching are a treasure trove that, so many years later, I continue to draw from. By coming to the University of Michigan, I found a new set of professors, colleagues, and friends. Through travel and intellectual engagement, away from Ann Arbor, I also met many others who have helped me over the years. I would like to first thank my committee members for helping me see this project through. Over numerous years, and perhaps hundreds of conversations, my advisor, Butch Ware, helped me develop my ideas, and get them onto paper.
    [Show full text]