TANSIM PROJECT Tansim Property Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Québec, Canada

Prepared for: Effective Date: March 15, 2021 Sayona Québec Signature Date: March 15, 2021

Prepared by the following Qualified Person:

▪ Pierre-Luc Richard, P. Geo., M.Sc...... BBA Inc. IMPORTANT NOTICE

This report was prepared as a National Instrument 43-101 Technical Report (the “Report”) for Sayona Québec Inc. (Sayona) by BBA Inc. (BBA), the Report Authors. The quality of information, conclusions, and estimates contained herein is consistent with the level of effort involved in the Report Authors’ services, based on i) information available at the time of preparation, ii) data supplied by outside sources, and iii) the assumptions, conditions, and qualifications set forth in this Report. This report is intended for use by Sayona, subject to the respective terms and conditions of its contracts with the individual Report Authors. Except for the purposes legislated under Canadian provincial and territorial securities law, any other uses of this report by any third party is at that party’s sole risk. The responsibility for this disclosure remains with Sayona. The user of this document should ensure that this is the most recent technical report for the Property as it is not valid if a new technical report has been issued.

The cover page image was provided by Sayona. Sayona owns the right to the images. Sayona Québec Inc. NI 43-101 – Technical Report

Tansim Property

DATE AND SIGNATURE PAGE

This report is effective as of the 15th day of March 2021.

“Signed and sealed original on file” March 15, 2021 Pierre-Luc Richard, P. Geo. Date BBA Inc.

MARCH 2021 BBA Document No.: 6015026-000000-40-ERA-0001-R00

2020 Robert-Bourassa Blvd. Suite 300 Montréal, QC H3A 2A5 T +1 514.866.2111 F +1 514.866.2116

bba.ca

CERTIFICATE OF QUALIFIED PERSON

Pierre-Luc Richard, P. Geo.

This certificate applies to the NI 43-101 Technical Report titled " NI 43-101 Technical Report for the Tansim Project, Tansim Property, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Québec, Canada" (the Technical Report), prepared for Sayona Québec Inc. (Sayona) dated March 15, 2021.

I, Pierre-Luc Richard, P. Geo., do hereby certify that:

I am a Principal Geologist with BBA Inc. located at 2020 Robert-Bourassa Blvd, Suite 300, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 2A5. I am a graduate of Université du Québec à Montréal in Resource Geology in 2004. I also obtained a M.Sc. from Université du Québec à Chicoutimi in Earth Sciences in 2012. I am a member in good standing of the Ordre des Géologues du Québec (OGQ Member No. 1119), the Association of Professional Geoscientists of Ontario (APGO Member No. 1714), and the Northwest Territories Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists (NAPEG Member No. L2465). I have worked in the mining industry for more than 16 years. My exploration expertise has been acquired with Richmont Mines Inc., the Ministry of Natural Resources of Québec (Geology Branch), and numerous companies through my career as a consultant. My mining expertise was acquired at the Beaufor mine and several other producers through my career. I managed numerous technical reports, mineral resource estimates and audits as a consultant for InnovExplo from February 2007 to March 2018 and as a consultant for BBA since. I have read the definition of “qualified person” set out in NI 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (NI 43-101) and certify that, by reason of my education, affiliation with a professional association, and past relevant work experience, I fulfill the requirements to be a qualified person for the purposes of NI 43-101. I am independent of the issuer applying all the tests in Section 1.5 of NI 43-101. I am author and responsible for the preparation of Chapters 1 to 27 of the Technical Report. I have visited the Tansim Property that is the subject of this Technical Report on November 27, 2020. I have had no prior involvement with the property that is the subject of the Technical Report, except for authoring Technical Reports in the past. I have read NI 43-101 and the sections of the Technical Report for which I am responsible have been prepared in compliance with NI 43-101. As at the effective date of the Technical Report, to the best of my knowledge, information and belief, the sections of the Technical Report for which I am responsible contain all scientific and technical information that is required to be disclosed to make the portions of the Technical Report for which I am responsible not misleading

Signed and sealed this 15th day of March 2021.

“Signed and sealed original on file”

Pierre-Luc Richard, P. Geo. BBA Inc.

Sayona Québec Inc. NI 43-101 – Technical Report

Tansim Property

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.1 Introduction ...... 1-1 1.2 Property Description and Location ...... 1-1 1.3 Accessibility, Climate, Local Resources, Infrastructure and Physiography ...... 1-1 1.4 Geological Setting and Mineralization ...... 1-2 1.5 Drilling, Sampling Method, Approach and Analysis ...... 1-2 1.6 Data Verification ...... 1-3 1.7 Interpretation and Conclusion ...... 1-4 1.8 Recommendations ...... 1-4

2.1 Scope of Study ...... 2-1 2.2 Report Responsibility and Qualified Persons ...... 2-1 2.3 Effective Dates and Declaration ...... 2-3 2.4 Sources of Information ...... 2-3 2.5 Site Visit ...... 2-4 2.6 Currency, Units of Measure, and Calculations ...... 2-4 2.7 Acknowledgment ...... 2-5

3.1 Mineral Tenure and Surface Rights ...... 3-1 3.2 Environmental Studies, Permitting, and Social or Community Impact...... 3-1

4.1 Property Description and Location ...... 4-1 4.2 Mineral Tenure ...... 4-3 4.3 Royalties, Agreement and Encumbrances ...... 4-4 4.4 Environmental Liabilities ...... 4-6 4.5 Permitting ...... 4-6 4.6 Other Significant Factors and Risks ...... 4-6

5.1 Accessibility ...... 5-1 5.2 Climate ...... 5-2

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5.3 Local Resources and Infrastructure ...... 5-2 5.3.1 Airports, Rail Terminals and Bus Services ...... 5-2 5.3.2 Local Work Force ...... 5-2 5.3.3 Additional Support Services ...... 5-3 5.4 Physiography...... 5-3

6.1 Prior to 1978 ...... 6-1 6.2 1978 to 1989 – Noranda and SOQUEM ...... 6-5 6.3 2001 to 2003 – Ressources Minérales Mistassini Inc...... 6-8 6.4 2003 to 2018 – Matamec Explorations Inc...... 6-9

7.1 Regional Geology ...... 7-1 7.1.1 Pontiac Subprovince ...... 7-2 7.2 Local Geology ...... 7-3 7.2.1 The Plutonic Suites ...... 7-3 7.2.2 Metavolcanic and Metasedimentary Rocks ...... 7-5 7.2.3 Aplite and Granitic Pegmatite Dyke and Body...... 7-5 7.3 Geology of the Property ...... 7-7 7.3.1 Biotite Schist ...... 7-7 7.3.2 Pink Granit ...... 7-7 7.3.3 Pegmatites ...... 7-7 7.3.4 Granodiorite ...... 7-8 7.3.5 Gabbro with plagioclase phenocrysts ...... 7-8 7.3.6 Amphibolite ...... 7-8 7.4 Mineralization and Alteration ...... 7-10 7.4.1 Viau-Dallaire Showing (Li, Be, Ta) ...... 7-11 7.4.2 Viau Showing (Li, Be, Ta)...... 7-11 7.4.3 Gauthier Showing (Li) ...... 7-12 7.4.4 Rivard Showing (U) ...... 7-12

9.1 Surface Outcrop Sampling ...... 9-1 9.2 Magnetic Survey ...... 9-2 9.3 3D Modelling of the Project ...... 9-4

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10.1 Drilling Methodology ...... 10-1 10.1.1 Drillhole Location / Set-up ...... 10-1 10.1.2 Drillhole Orientation during Operations ...... 10-1 10.1.3 Drillhole Coring ...... 10-2 10.1.4 Drilling and Core Handling ...... 10-2 10.1.5 Core Logging ...... 10-3 10.1.6 Core Recovery and RQD Measurements ...... 10-3 10.1.7 Core Photography ...... 10-4 10.1.8 Core Storage ...... 10-4 10.2 Recent Diamond Drilling ...... 10-5

11.1 Historic Data ...... 11-1 11.2 Sayona Québec Inc. Data ...... 11-1 11.2.1 Core Handling, Sampling and Security ...... 11-1 11.2.2 Lab Methods of Preparation, Processing and Analysis ...... 11-2 11.2.3 Sample Shipping and Security ...... 11-3 11.3 Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC) ...... 11-4 11.3.1 Duplicates ...... 11-5 11.3.2 Blanks ...... 11-5 11.3.3 Certified Reference Materials (Standards) ...... 11-6 11.4 Conclusion ...... 11-8

12.1 Site Visit ...... 12-1 12.2 Sample Preparation, Analytical, QA/QC and Security Procedures...... 12-1 12.3 Drillhole Database ...... 12-2 12.3.1 Drillhole Location ...... 12-2 12.3.2 Downhole Survey ...... 12-3 12.3.3 Assays ...... 12-3 12.4 Conclusion ...... 12-4

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25.1 Overview ...... 25-1 25.2 Environmental ...... 25-1 25.3 Geology and Mineralization ...... 25-1 25.4 Database ...... 25-1 25.5 Exploration Potential ...... 25-2 25.6 Risk and Opportunities ...... 25-2

26.1 Overview ...... 26-1 26.2 Recommended Activities – Phase 1 ...... 26-1 26.2.1 Exploration Drilling ...... 26-1 26.2.2 Litho-Structural Model ...... 26-1 26.2.3 LiDAR Survey ...... 26-1 26.3 Recommended Activities – Phase 2 ...... 26-2 26.3.1 Mineralogical Study and Metallurgical Testwork ...... 26-2 26.3.2 Mineral Resource Estimate ...... 26-2 26.4 Work Plan Budget ...... 26-2

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 2-1: Qualified Person and areas of report responsibility ...... 2-2 Table 4-1: Mining titles list and details ...... 4-8 Table 10-1: Drillholes intercept information (core length downhole intersections in metres) from the 2019 drilling program on the Tansim Property ...... 10-5 Table 10-2: Drillholes from the 2019 drilling program on the Tansim Property ...... 10-7 Table 11-1: Samples submitted to the laboratories for analysis during the 2019 drilling campaign ...... 11-5 Table 11-2: Standard reference materials used at the Tansim Project for the 2019 drilling campaign ... 11-7 Table 12-1: Lithium compound conversion factor ...... 12-3 Table 25-1: Project risks (preliminary risk assessment) ...... 25-3 Table 25-2: Project opportunities ...... 25-3 Table 26-1: Work program budget ...... 26-2

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 4-1: Property overview map ...... 4-2 Figure 4-2: Tansim Property mining titles ...... 4-4 Figure 4-3: Minor restrictions on the Tansim Project ...... 4-7 Figure 5-1: Location of the Tansim Property ...... 5-1 Figure 6-1: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property prior to 1978 (1) ...... 6-3 Figure 6-2: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property prior to 1978 (2) ...... 6-4 Figure 6-3: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property prior to 1978 (3) ...... 6-5 Figure 6-4: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property from 1978 to 1989 (1) ...... 6-7 Figure 6-5: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property from 1978 to 1989 (2) ...... 6-8 Figure 6-6: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property from 2001 to 2003 ...... 6-8 Figure 6-7: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property from 2003 to 2018 (1) ...... 6-11 Figure 6-8: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property from 2003 to 2018 (2) ...... 6-12 Figure 7-1: Location of the Pontiac Subprovince within the Superior Province ...... 7-1 Figure 7-2: Tansim Property and local geology, including showings ...... 7-9 Figure 9-1: Grab samples from the Tansim Property ...... 9-2 Figure 9-2: First vertical derivative of TMI of Tansim Property ...... 9-3

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Figure 9-3: 3D model of the Viau-Dallaire showing ...... 9-4 Figure 10-1: Recent and historical DDH locations on the Tansim Property ...... 10-8 Figure 10-2: 2019 DDH intersections for the Viau-Dallaire showing ...... 10-9 Figure 11-1: Results for blanks used by Sayona during the 2019 drilling program on the Project ...... 11-6 Figure 11-2: Results of the custom Li_Std_HIGH standard by SGS ...... 11-7 Figure 11-3: Results of the custom Li_Std_LOW standard by SGS ...... 11-8 Figure 12-1: A) Storage room of the Project’s pulps and rejects; B) & C) Core storage; D) Core review ...... 12-2 Figure 12-2: A) and B) Drill collar review during the site visit ...... 12-3 Figure 23-1: Tansim Project adjacent properties ...... 23-2

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND UNITS OF MEASURE

TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS

Abbreviation Description σC uniaxial compressive testing 2D Two dimensional 3D Three dimensional Axb SMC parameters a Annum (year) AA Atomic absorption ADR Adsorption-desorption-recovery AGB Abitibi greenstone belt Ai Abrasion index AISC All-in sustaining cost Au Gold B Billion BBA BBA Inc. BWi Bond Work index C Carbon Ca Calcium CAD or $ Canadian dollar (examples of use: CAD2.5M / $2.5M) CaO Lime CF Callahan Fault CG Cadillac Group CIM Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum CIP Carbon-in-pulp CL Core length CMT Construction management team CND Cyanide destruction COC Chain of custody CRM Certified reference material CTRI Centre Technologique des Résidus Industriels Cu Copper CWi Crushing Work index CSZ Callahan Shear Zone DDH Diamond drillhole DF Dubuisson Formation DPFZ Destor-Porcupine fault zone DSO Deswik Stope Optimizer

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TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS

Abbreviation Description EA Environmental assessment EAC Eurasian Conformity mark EBIT Earnings before interest and tax et al. and others FA Fire assay Fe Iron FS Feasibility study GPa gigapascal GRG Gravity recoverable gold GTL Gravity tails leaching HF Héva Formation ID Identification ID2 Inverse distance squared IP Induced polarization IRR Internal rate of return ISRM International Society for Rock Mechanics JF Jacola Formation KCN Potassium cyanide KNA Kriging Neighbourhood Analysis KSZ K Shear Zone LHD Load Haul Dump LLCFZ Larder Lake-Cadillac fault zone LVF La Motte-Vassan m a.s.l. Metres above sea level M Million Ma Mega annuum (Million years) MELCC Ministère de l’Environnement et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques MEND Mine Environment Neutral Drainage Program MF Marbenite Fault MFFP Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs MG Malartic Group MRE Mineral Resource Estimate MS Metallic sieve MTO Material take-offs NaCN Sodium cyanide NF Norbenite Fault Ni Nickel

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TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS

Abbreviation Description NN Nearest neighbour No. Number NPI Net profit interest NPV Net present value NQ NQ-Caliber drillhole NSR Net smelter return NTS National topographic system

O2 Oxygen O/F Overflow OK Ordinary kriging

P80 80% passing - Product size Pb Lead PEA Preliminary economic assessment PF Parfouru Fault PFS Prefeasibility study PG Piché Group pH Potential of hydrogen PhD Doctor of philosophy PO Pontiac Group PS Pontiac Subprovince QA/QC Quality Assurance / Quality Control QP Qualified Person RHF Rivière Héva Fault ROM Run of mine RQD Rock Quality Designation RWi Rod Work index S Sulphur SAG Semi-autogenous (mill) SCSE SAG circuit specific energy SD Standard deviation SEDAR System for electronic document analysis and retrieval SG Specific gravity SMC SAG mill comminution (test) SPLP Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure Std Standard ta Abrasion characteristics of the sample TBC To be confirmed

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TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS

Abbreviation Description TCLP Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure

TiO2 Titanium dioxide TMF Tailings management facility TSF Tailings storage facility TSS Total suspended solids U Uranium UCS Unconfined compressive strength U-Pb Uranium-lead dating USD or US$ United States dollar (examples of use: USD2.5M) UTM Universal Transverse Mercator VDF Val-d’Or Formation vs. Versus WBS Work breakdown structure WOL Whole ore leach

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TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS – UNITS OF MEASURE

Unit Description Imperial deg. or ° angular degree ft2 square feet ft2/d square feet per day d day (24 hours) °F Degrees Fahrenheit Ø diameter ft feet (12 inches) gal gallon ha Hectare h hour (60 minutes) in. or ” inch in2 square inch K Thousand (000) lb pound mi. miles mPa megapascal mph miles per hour M Million mesh US Mesh min minute (60 seconds) oz Troy ounce oz/t Troy ounces per tonne oz/y Troy ounces per year ppm parts per million psi pounds per square inch % percent %solids percent solids by weight s second st short ton (2,000 lbs) Wk Week wt% weight percent yd. yard (36 inches) y year (365 days)

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TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS – UNITS OF MEASURE Unit Description Metric m3 cubic metre d day (24 hours) °C degree Celsius Ø diameter $/t Dollar per metric tonne G Giga g gram g/t gram per (metric) tonne h hour (60 minutes) hp Horsepower KCFM Thousand cubic feet per minute kg kilogram kg/t kilogram per tonne km kilometre km2 square kilometre kPa kilopascal kt kilotonne L litre m metre mg milligram MW Megawatt ml millilitre µm micron mm millimetre M Million Mt Million tonne Mtpa Million tonne per annum ppm parts per million % percent SG specific gravity m2 square metre mm2 square millimetres K Thousand (000) t tonne (1,000 kg) (metric ton) tpa tonne per annum tpd tonne per day tph tonne per hour

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TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS – UNITS OF MEASURE Unit Description Metric tpy tonne per year W Watt WG water gauge wt% weight percent y year (365 days)

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SUMMARY

1.1 Introduction

The Tansim Project (the “Project”) is a lithium exploration project located in the Témiscamingue region in the province of Québec, approximately 60 km southeast of the town of Rouyn-Noranda.

In November 2020, Sayona Québec Inc. (Sayona) commissioned BBA Inc. (BBA) to lead and perform a Technical Report on the Project in accordance with the guidelines of the Canadian Securities Administrators National Instrument 43-101 (NI 43-101) and Form 43-101 F1.

The Report has a number of close-out dates for information: ▪ Mineral Lease and Claim Status: March 8, 2021.

1.2 Property Description and Location

The Project is a lithium exploration project located in the Québec Province, in the Témiscamingue region.

The Property is centred at latitude 47°42' N and longitude 78°43' W, 60 km southeast of the town of Rouyn-Noranda and 80 km southwest of the town of Val-d’Or.

As of March 8, 2021, the Tansim Property consisted of two non-contiguous groups of 280 mineral claims. The total area of the Project is 16,197 ha.

There are no known environmental concerns or land claim issues pending with respect to the Property. Sayona conducts all exploration programs on the Property in an environmentally sound manner and has obtained all necessary permits from government agencies to allow for surface drilling and exploration on the Tansim Property. As the area has a long history of exploration and mining, BBA does not anticipate any barriers to access the Project for work planned going forward. The limit of Wildlife Habitat, where exploration is allowed under specific conditions, overlaps small parts south and west of the Tansim Property but does not affect the areas of the Viau-Dallaire, Viau, Gauthier and Rivard showings.

1.3 Accessibility, Climate, Local Resources, Infrastructure and Physiography

The Tansim Project is located approximately 80 km southwest of Val-d’Or and 60 km southeast of Rouyn-Noranda. The easiest access to the Tansim Property is by helicopter or seaplane. Another access is westward from the town of Val-d'Or on Highway 117 to the village of Cadillac (55 km); a well-maintained gravel road goes from Cadillac to the Rapide-VII hydro-electric dam on the Decelles Reservoir. The eastern portion of the Tansim claims are then accessed by a series of bush and logging roads that can be travelled by ATV but not with a 4X4 vehicle. The southern and western parts of the Property along the northern shores of Lake Simard, namely west of the Cirque Noir Bay, are difficult to reach by road.

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The Témiscamingue territory experiences a continental subarctic sub-humid climate, characterized by short, cool summers and long, cold winters. The climatic conditions at the Property do not significantly impede the Project or hinder exploration or mining activities, beyond seasonal consideration for certain work (e.g., drilling muskeg swamps during winter freeze).

The towns of Rouyn-Noranda and Val-d’Or, with a population of approximately 42,300 and 32,900 residents, respectively, have developed to being mining service centres. Rouyn-Noranda and Val-d’Or are two of the largest communities in the Abitibi region and have all major services including an airport with scheduled service from Montréal.

The Project area lies approximately 300 m (984 feet) above sea level (a.s.l.). The recent topography resulted from the nature of the underlying Precambrian rocks, the unconsolidated glacial cover and the shape of recent deposits. The topography is relatively subdued. Usually the Pontiac Group biotite schists present an undulated relief with a maximum of 15 m, while the granitic rocks have usually a relief of 30 m with a maximum of 100 m a.s.l.

1.4 Geological Setting and Mineralization

The Tansim Property is located in the Superior Province within the Pontiac Subprovince, which comprises schist, paragneiss and migmatite derived from terrigenous sedimentary rocks with a substantial part composed, however, of granitoid rocks.

The area of interest is underlain by four principal suites in a broad terrane: 1) Lac-des-Quinze gneissic tonalitic massif suite; 2) Lake Simard north and east monzodiorite, HB-BO quartz monzodiorite and BO-HB granodiorite suite; 3) Lake Simard north pyroxene-hornblende monzodiorite, pyroxene monzodiorite, quartz monzonite suite; and 4) Réservoir Decelles Batholith suite composed of granodiorite, BO-MV monzogranite, aplite and granitic pegmatite.

Lithium mineralization at the Viau-Dallaire showing consists of spodumene crystals (up to 20-45 cm) oriented perpendicular to the wall rock contact within a complex, coarse-grained zoned granitic pegmatite dyke. The main pegmatite strikes ENE for at least 300 m, dips 40ºN and attains a thickness varying from 12 m to 20 m. The granitic pegmatite dyke is injected in the biotite schist and amphibolite of the Pontiac Group.

1.5 Drilling, Sampling Method, Approach and Analysis

Sayona has been exploring the Property from January 2018 to January 2021 and completed a diamond drilling campaign on 11 surfaces. They carried out 1,219.6 m of drilling in 11 surface DDH focusing on the Viau-Dallaire showing. At the effective date of this report, the total drilling on the Property amounted to 1,589.1 m in 19 surface DDH.

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No analytical quality control data for historical exploration work carried out prior to 2019 is available for review, so the Qualified Person (QP) was not able to assess the quality of the historical data and assumes that these companies conducted their exploration activities in accordance with prevailing industry standards at the time.

For the 2019 drilling campaign, the samples were shipped to SGS Laboratory in Val-d’Or, Québec, where the samples were prepared prior to their analysis at SGS’s facility in Lakefield, Ontario. ▪ All core samples submitted for preparation and analysis to the laboratories were secured in rice bags with zip ties and stored on a standard wooden pallet until shipping to the laboratory; ▪ The Lakefield facility is an independent commercial laboratory and has ISO/IEC 17025:2005 accreditation through the Canadian Association for Laboratory Accreditation Inc. (CALA).

As per National Instrument 43-101 (NI 43-101), quality control samples were inserted into the sample batches sent to the laboratory. Inserts included blank samples and standards. No re-assays at a secondary laboratory were done during the 2019 QA/QC programs.

The QP reviewed the sample preparation, analytical and security procedures, as well as insertion rates and the performance of blanks and standards for the 2019 drilling program and concluded that the observed failure rates are within expected ranges and that no significant assay biases are present.

At this stage of exploration, field and coarse duplicates should also be inserted in the protocol and the QP also recommends using certified standards for all future drill programs.

1.6 Data Verification

Pierre-Luc Richard, P. Geo. and QP, and Christina Thouvenot, P. Eng., both from BBA, visited the Tansim Property on November 27, 2020. The site visit included a visual inspection of the 2019 campaign core, a field tour and discussions of the current geological interpretations with the geologist of Sayona.

Selected drill collars in the field were also validated. The site visit also included a review of sampling and assays procedures, QA/QC program, downhole survey methodologies, and descriptions of lithologies, alteration and structures.

BBA also performed verification on the entire Project database. Original assay certificate for the 2019 drilling program were checked against the database.

The data verification shows that the database for the Tansim Project is of good overall quality as the observed failure rates are within expected ranges and that no significant assay biases are present.

The QP is of the opinion that the protocols in place are adequate and followed. The database for the Tansim Project is of good overall quality and follows industry standards.

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1.7 Interpretation and Conclusion

After completing the technical report and a detailed review of all pertinent information, the QP concluded the following: ▪ Exploration potential remains high at the Property scale, justifying compilation and target generation programs; ▪ The potential to increase the size of the currently modelled pegmatites is high as the current model remains open laterally and at depth. ▪ The currently identified close to surface pegmatites have demonstrated sufficient grades and continuity to justify carrying out additional drilling. A provision of 5,000 m (roughly 30 holes) is likely to lead to a first mineral resource estimate, if said holes are successful in identifying similar grades and thickness.

As with all mineral projects, there is an inherent risk associated with mineral exploration. Many of these risks are based on a lack of detailed knowledge and can be managed as more sampling, testing, design, and engineering.

External risks are, to a certain extent, beyond the control of the Project proponents and are much more difficult to anticipate and mitigate, although, in many instances, some risk reduction can be achieved. External risks are things such as the political situation in the Project’s region, metal prices, exchange rates and government legislation. These external risks are generally applicable to all mining projects.

1.8 Recommendations

The QP recommends additional exploration drilling and further geological interpretation to gain a better understanding of the mineralized zones.

The QP also recommends the two-phase work program described below in which Phase 2 is conditional to the success of Phase 1.

Phase 1: ▪ Exploration drilling; ▪ Litho-structural model; ▪ LiDAR survey.

Phase 2: ▪ Mineralogical study and metallurgical testwork; ▪ Mineral Resource Estimate.

Expenditures for Phase 1 are estimated at $1,116,500 (including 10% for contingencies). Expenditures for Phase 2 are estimated at $478,000 (including 10% for contingencies). The grand total is $1,594,500 (including 10% for contingencies).

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INTRODUCTION

The Tansim Project (the “Project”) is a lithium exploration project located in the Québec Province, in the Témiscamingue region, approximately 60 km southeast of the town of Rouyn-Noranda.

In November 2020, Sayona Québec Inc. (Sayona) commissioned BBA Inc. (BBA) to lead and perform a Technical Report on the Project in accordance with the guidelines of the Canadian Securities Administrators National Instrument 43-101 (NI 43-101) and Form 43-101 F1.

BBA (www.bba.ca) is an independent engineering consulting firm headquartered in Mont-Saint- Hilaire, Québec with its mining group based in downtown Montréal and in Val-d’Or, Québec. The firm’s expertise is recognized in the fields of energy, mining and metals, biofuels and oil and gas. BBA is supported by a network of offices across Canada to serve its clients and carry out mandates at local, national and international levels.

2.1 Scope of Study

The following Technical Report (the “Report”) presents the Tansim Project. As of the date of this Report, Sayona Québec Inc. is a subsidiary company of Sayona Mining Ltd., an Australian firm dedicated to the exploration and development of lithium deposits. Sayona Mining Ltd. is listed on the ASX under the trading symbol SYA with its head office located at:

283 Given Tce, Suite 68, Paddington, QLD 4064, Australia Phone: +61 7 3369 7058

This Report, titled “NI 43-101 Technical Report for the Tansim Property”, was prepared by Qualified Persons (QPs) following the guidelines of the NI 43-101, and in conformity with the guidelines of the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (“CIM”) Standards on Mineral Resources and Reserves.

2.2 Report Responsibility and Qualified Persons

The following individual, by virtue of his education, experience and professional association, is considered QP as defined in the NI 43-101, and is a member in good standing of appropriate professional institutions.

▪ Pierre-Luc Richard, P. Geo. BBA Inc.

The QP has contributed to the writing of this Report and has provided a QP certificate, included at the beginning of this Report. Table 2-1 outlines the responsibilities for the various chapters of the Report and the name of the corresponding Qualified Person.

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Table 2-1: Qualified Person and areas of report responsibility

Chapter Description Qualified Person Company

1. Executive Summary P.-L. Richard BBA

2. Introduction P.-L. Richard BBA

3. Reliance on other Experts P.-L. Richard BBA

4. Project Property Description and Location P.-L. Richard BBA

5. Accessibility, Climate, Local Resource, Infrastructure and Physiography P.-L. Richard BBA

6. History P.-L. Richard BBA

7. Geological Setting and Mineralization P.-L. Richard BBA

8. Deposit Types P.-L. Richard BBA

9. Exploration P.-L. Richard BBA

10. Drilling P.-L. Richard BBA

11. Sample Preparation, Analyses and Security P.-L. Richard BBA

12. Data Verification P.-L. Richard BBA

13. Mineral Processing and Metallurgical Testing P.-L. Richard BBA

14. Mineral Resource Estimate P.-L. Richard BBA

15. Mineral Reserve Estimate P.-L. Richard BBA

16. Mining Methods P.-L. Richard BBA

17. Recovery Methods P.-L. Richard BBA

18. Project Infrastructure P.-L. Richard BBA

19. Market Studies and Contracts P.-L. Richard BBA

20. Environmental Studies, Permitting, and Social or Community Impact P.-L. Richard BBA

21. Capital and Operating Costs P.-L. Richard BBA

22. Economic Analysis P.-L. Richard BBA

23. Adjacent Properties P.-L. Richard BBA

24. Other Relevant Data and Information P.-L. Richard BBA

25. Interpretation and Conclusions P.-L. Richard BBA

26. Recommendations P.-L. Richard BBA

27. References P.-L. Richard BBA

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2.3 Effective Dates and Declaration

The close-out date for the Mineral Lease and Claim Status is March 8, 2021.

This Report was prepared as National Instrument 43-101 Technical Report for Sayona Québec Inc. by Qualified Person from BBA Inc. collectively the “Report Author”.

The quality of information and conclusions contained herein is consistent with the level of effort involved in the Report Author’ services, based on: i) information available at the time of preparation; ii) data supplied by outside sources; and iii) the assumptions, conditions and qualifications set forth in this Report. This Report is intended for use by Sayona subject to terms and conditions of its respective contracts with the Report Author. Except for the purposes legislated under Canadian provincial and territorial security laws, any other uses of this Report by any third party are at that party’s sole risk.

As of the effective date of this Report, the QP is not aware of any known litigation potentially affecting the Project. The QP did not verify the legality or terms of any underlying agreement(s) that may exist concerning the Project’s ownership, permits, off-take agreements, license agreements, royalties or other agreement(s) between Sayona and any third parties.

BBA is not an insider, associate or an affiliate of Sayona and neither BBA nor any affiliate has acted as Advisor to Sayona, its subsidiaries or its affiliates, in connection with this Project. The results of the technical review by BBA are not dependent on any prior agreements concerning the conclusions to be reached, nor are there any undisclosed understandings concerning any future business dealings. The QP is being paid fees for this work in accordance with the normal professional consulting practice.

The opinions contained herein are based on information collected throughout the course of investigations by the QP, which in turn reflects various technical and economic conditions at the time of writing. Given the nature of the mining business, these conditions can change significantly over relatively short periods of time. Consequently, actual results can be significantly more or less favourable.

2.4 Sources of Information

This Report is based in part on internal company reports, maps, published government reports, company letters and memoranda, and public information, as listed in Chapter 27 “References” of this Report. Sections from reports authored by others may have been directly quoted or summarized in this Report and are so indicated, where appropriate.

This Report has been completed using available information contained in, but not limited to, the following reports, documents and discussions:

▪ Technical discussions with Sayona direction and personnel; ▪ QP personal inspection of the Tansim Project site, including drill core;

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▪ Historical and recent drillhole database; ▪ Review of exploration data collected by Sayona; ▪ Technical data and internal technical documents supplied by Sayona; ▪ Internal unpublished reports from Sayona; ▪ Additional information from public domain sources (SEDAR, SIGEOM, etc.).

The QP believes that the basic assumptions contained in the information above are factual and accurate, and that the interpretations are reasonable. The author has sourced the information for this Report from the collection of documents listed in Chapter 27 (References).

2.5 Site Visit

Pierre-Luc Richard, P. Geo. and QP, and Christina Thouvenot, P. Eng., visited the Tansim Property on November 27, 2020 as part of the current mandate. The purpose of this visit was to review the Tansim Project with the Sayona team. The visit included an overview of the general geological conditions, a tour of the core storage facility, and visual inspections of selected mineralized drill core samples. They also examined drill collars in the field and reviewed several core intervals.

2.6 Currency, Units of Measure, and Calculations

Unless otherwise specified or noted, the units used in this Report are metric. Every effort has been made to clearly display the appropriate units being used throughout this Report.

▪ Currency is in Canadian dollars (“CAD” or “$”), unless otherwise stated; ▪ A Canadian dollar (CAD or $) to United States dollar (USD) exchange rate of CAD 1.31 for USD 1.00 was used; ▪ Grid coordinates for the block model and the drillhole database are given in the UTM NAD 83 and latitude/longitude system; maps are either in UTM coordinates or latitude/longitude system.

This Report may include technical information that required subsequent calculations to derive subtotals, totals and weighted averages. Such calculations inherently involve a degree of rounding and consequently introduce a margin of error. Where these occur, the QP consider them immaterial.

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2.7 Acknowledgment

The Report Authors would like to acknowledge the general support provided by Sayona personnel during this assignment. Their collaboration is greatly appreciated. The Project also benefitted from the inputs of the following specific individuals:

▪ Guy Laliberté, Engineer and CEO – Sayona Québec Inc; ▪ Olivier Lemieux, Forest Technicien – Services forestiers et d’exploration GFE; ▪ Gustavo Delendatti, Geologist – Sayona Québec Inc; ▪ Christina Thouvenot, Engineer in Geology – BBA; ▪ Manon Dussault, Project Assistant – BBA.

Their commitment, contributions and team work are gratefully acknowledged and appreciated.

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RELIANCE ON OTHER EXPERTS

The Qualified Person has relied upon reports, information sources and opinions provided by Sayona and outside experts related to the Project’s mineral rights, 3rd party agreements, surface rights, property agreements, royalties, and environmental status.

As of the date of this Report, Sayona indicates that there are no known litigations potentially affecting the Tansim Project.

A draft copy of the Report has been reviewed by Sayona for factual errors. Any changes made as a result of these reviews did not involve any alteration to the conclusions made. Hence, the statements and opinions expressed in this document are given in good faith and in the belief that such statements and opinions are neither false nor misleading at the date of this Report.

3.1 Mineral Tenure and Surface Rights

Sayona supplied information about mining titles, options agreements, royalty agreements, environmental liabilities and permits. The QP from BBA consulted the GESTIM online claim management system for the latest status regarding ownership and mining titles via: https://gestim.mines.gouv.qc.ca/MRN_GestimP_Presentation/ODM02101_login.aspx.

The QP is not qualified to express any legal opinion with respect to the property titles, current ownership or possible litigations. A description of such agreements, the property, and ownership thereof, is provided for general information purposes only. In this regard, the QP has relied on information supplied by Sayona and the work of experts they understand to be appropriately qualified.

This information is used in Chapter 4 of the Report.

3.2 Environmental Studies, Permitting, and Social or Community Impact

With respect to the Project’s environmental status, permits and, social and community impact, the QP relied on information provided by Guy Laliberté, CEO, Sayona Québec Inc.. This information is used in Chapter 4 of the Report.

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PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION

4.1 Property Description and Location

The Tansim Project (the “Project”) is located approximately 80 km southwest of Val-d’Or and 60 km southeast of Rouyn-Noranda, in the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region, in the Province of Québec, Canada (Figure 4-1).

The coordinates for the approximate centre of the Project are latitude 47°42' N and longitude 78°43' W (670760E and 5285790N: NAD 83 / UTM Zone 17N) on NTS map sheets 31M10 and 31M09.

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Figure 4-1: Property overview map

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4.2 Mineral Tenure

In the province of Québec, the Mining Act (http://legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca/en/ShowTdm/cs/M-13.1) governs the management of mineral resources and the granting of exploration rights for mineral substances during the exploration phase. It also deals with the granting of rights pertaining to the use of these substances during the mining phase. Finally, the act establishes the rights and obligations of the holders of mining rights to ensure maximum development of Québec’s mineral resources (https://mern.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/online/mines/claim/index.asp).

Claim status was supplied by Sayona and was also verified using GESTIM, the Québec government’s online claim management system at: https://gestim.mines.gouv.qc.ca. As of March 8, 2021, the Tansim Property consists of two non-contiguous groups of 275 electronic map- designated mining claims for the Tansim main block and five electronic map-designated mining claims for the Tansim eastern block (Figure 4-2). The total area of the Project is 16,197 ha.

Sayona holds a 100% interest in the 280 mining claims included in the Tansim Project. A detailed list of the Tansim mineral claims is presented in Table 4-1.

BBA has not verified the legal titles to the Property or any underlying agreement(s) that may exist concerning the licenses or other agreement(s) between third parties.

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Figure 4-2: Tansim Property mining titles

4.3 Royalties, Agreement and Encumbrances

Royalties and agreement status were supplied by Sayona. The QPs did not verify the legality or terms of any underlying agreement(s) that may exist concerning the Project ownership, permits, off-take agreements, license agreements, royalties or other agreement(s) between Sayona and any third parties.

Royalties and holdings on the Tansim Property are ruled by two agreements as described below.

On January 23, 2018, Sayona signed and option-to-purchase agreement with Matamec Explorations Inc. (Matamec) to acquire 100% of the Tansim Project through a staged acquisition strategy. Sayona has completed this agreement on December 24, 2020 and now earns 100% of the Tansim Project.

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The agreement states that Sayona obtains an initial 50% interest in the Property through the expenditure of CAD105K for claim renewal costs of the Property, as required by the Quebec department of natural energy and resources. This expenditure amount is reduced by the exploration amount (up to CAD65K) completed on the Property prior to January 31, 2018.

Sayona can then earn 100 % interest in the Property by completing the milestones in the timeframes outlined below:

▪ Investing CAD200K in exploration and pay CAD100K in cash to Matamec within the first 12 months; ▪ Investing CAD350K in exploration and pay CAD250K in cash to Matamec within 12 and 24 months of signing.

It should be noted that the first obligation was fulfilled following the 2019 drilling campaign, and the second obligation was fulfilled following the final payment of CAD250K to Quebec Precious Metals Corporation (QPM) on December 24, 2020 (Sayona News Release of December 24, 2020).

Once Sayona earns 100%, Matamec will receive a 2% Net Smelter Return Royalty (NSR) from the payable metals extracted from these claims. The NSR can be bought back at a cost of CAD1.0M per royalty percentage. Sayona will have the option to buy back 1.0% or 2.0% NSR at a cost of CAD1.0M or CAD2.0M, respectively.

It should be noted that in April 2018, Matamec merged with Canada Strategic Metals Inc. and Sphinx Resources Ltd., to create the Corporation Métaux Précieux du Québec (QPM). Mining titles of the Tansim Project, which belonged to Matamec, are therefore now held by QPM, but the agreement between Sayona and QPM remains the same.

On April 15, 2019, Sayona acquired a further two claims in the west of the Tansim Project area, under an agreement with Exiro Minerals Corp. (Exiro). Under this option agreement, Sayona can earn a 100% interest in these two claims by:

▪ Issue shares in Sayona to Exiro totalling $20,000 worth of shares upon signing; $30,000 worth of shares on or before the first anniversary; $40,000 worth of shares on or before the second anniversary; and $50,000 worth of shares on or before the third anniversary; ▪ File, transfer, apply and have accepted minimum assessment work on the Property totalling $10,000 worth of assessment work on or before the first anniversary; and $10,000 worth of assessment work on or before the second anniversary. ▪ Make cash payments totalling $50,000 on or before the third anniversary; It should be noted that the two first obligations were fulfilled by the due date (Sayona News Release of date).

Upon completion of the option terms, Exiro will retain a 2% NSR royalty on the Property (Sayona News Release of April 15, 2019).

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4.4 Environmental Liabilities

There are no known environmental concerns or land claim issues pending with respect to the Property. There is a minor restriction (Figure 4-3) that concerns the muskrat habitat on the Baie Dallaire, Lac Simard. This restriction impacts the CDC-2519271 and the CDC-2519252 mining titles where exploration would be allowed under conditions.

4.5 Permitting

Permits are required for any exploration program that involves tree cutting (to create access roads or drill pads or, in preparation for mechanical outcrop stripping, for example). Permits are issued by the Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs (MFFP). Permitting timelines is typically of three to four weeks.

Sayona has obtained all necessary permits from government agencies to allow for surface drilling and exploration on the Tansim Property.

4.6 Other Significant Factors and Risks

There are no known significant factors and risks that may affect access, title, or the right or ability to perform work on the Property.

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Figure 4-3: Minor restrictions on the Tansim Project

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Table 4-1: Mining titles list and details

Title Title NTS Area Emission Expiration Title No. Owner (GESTIM as of March 8, 2021) Title description Status Type No. (ha) date date

Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 1133877 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2005-12-05 2022-09-06 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2415443 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2014-10-31 2023-10-30 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2415444 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2014-10-31 2023-10-30 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) 2436732 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-02-05 2022-02-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2436733 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-02-05 2022-02-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2436734 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-02-05 2022-02-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2438472 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-03-21 2022-03-20 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2438473 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-03-21 2022-03-20 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2438474 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-03-21 2022-03-20 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2438475 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-03-21 2022-03-20 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2438476 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-03-21 2022-03-20 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2438477 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-03-21 2022-03-20 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2438478 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-03-21 2022-03-20 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2438723 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-03-29 2022-03-28 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440836 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440837 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440838 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440839 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440840 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440841 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283)

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Title Title NTS Area Emission Expiration Title No. Owner (GESTIM as of March 8, 2021) Title description Status Type No. (ha) date date

Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440842 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440843 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440844 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440845 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440846 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440847 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440848 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440849 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440850 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440851 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440852 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440853 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440854 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440855 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440856 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440857 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440858 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283)

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Title Title NTS Area Emission Expiration Title No. Owner (GESTIM as of March 8, 2021) Title description Status Type No. (ha) date date

Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440859 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440860 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440890 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440891 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440892 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440893 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440894 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440895 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440896 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440897 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440898 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440899 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440900 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440901 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440902 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440903 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440907 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283)

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Tansim Project

Title Title NTS Area Emission Expiration Title No. Owner (GESTIM as of March 8, 2021) Title description Status Type No. (ha) date date

Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440908 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440909 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440919 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440920 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440925 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440930 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440935 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440936 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440993 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2440994 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2016-04-12 2023-04-11 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2450758 Active CDC 31M10 56.54 2016-06-22 2023-06-21 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519251 Active CDC 31M10 57.99 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519252 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519253 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519254 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519255 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519256 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283)

MARCH 2021 4-11

Sayona Québec Inc. NI 43-101 – Technical Report

Tansim Project

Title Title NTS Area Emission Expiration Title No. Owner (GESTIM as of March 8, 2021) Title description Status Type No. (ha) date date

Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519257 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519258 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519259 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519260 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519261 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519262 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519263 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519264 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519265 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519266 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519267 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519268 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519269 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519270 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519271 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519272 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519273 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283)

MARCH 2021 4-12

Sayona Québec Inc. NI 43-101 – Technical Report

Tansim Project

Title Title NTS Area Emission Expiration Title No. Owner (GESTIM as of March 8, 2021) Title description Status Type No. (ha) date date

Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519274 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519275 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519276 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519277 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519278 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519279 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519280 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519281 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519282 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519283 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519284 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519285 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519286 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519287 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519288 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519289 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519290 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283)

MARCH 2021 4-13

Sayona Québec Inc. NI 43-101 – Technical Report

Tansim Project

Title Title NTS Area Emission Expiration Title No. Owner (GESTIM as of March 8, 2021) Title description Status Type No. (ha) date date

Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519291 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519292 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519293 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519294 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519295 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519296 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519297 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519298 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519299 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519300 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519301 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519302 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519303 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519304 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519305 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519306 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519307 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283)

MARCH 2021 4-14

Sayona Québec Inc. NI 43-101 – Technical Report

Tansim Project

Title Title NTS Area Emission Expiration Title No. Owner (GESTIM as of March 8, 2021) Title description Status Type No. (ha) date date

Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519308 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519309 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519310 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519311 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519312 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519313 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519314 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519315 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519316 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519317 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2018-06-05 2023-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519318 Active CDC 31M09 58.03 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519319 Active CDC 31M10 58.04 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519320 Active CDC 31M10 58.04 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519321 Active CDC 31M10 58.03 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519322 Active CDC 31M10 58.03 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519323 Active CDC 31M10 57.99 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283) Period of validity suspended from April 9, 2020 to 2519324 Active CDC 31M10 57.99 2018-06-05 2021-06-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) April 9, 2021, Minis. Dec. 2020-04-09, (32-22283)

MARCH 2021 4-15

Sayona Québec Inc. NI 43-101 – Technical Report

Tansim Project

Title Title NTS Area Emission Expiration Title No. Owner (GESTIM as of March 8, 2021) Title description Status Type No. (ha) date date

2572665 Active CDC 31M10 33.92 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572666 Active CDC 31M10 55.93 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572667 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572668 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572669 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572670 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572671 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572672 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572673 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572674 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572675 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572676 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572677 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572678 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572679 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572680 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572681 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572682 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572683 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572684 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572685 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572686 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572687 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572688 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572689 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572690 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572691 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572692 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572693 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.)

MARCH 2021 4-16

Sayona Québec Inc. NI 43-101 – Technical Report

Tansim Project

Title Title NTS Area Emission Expiration Title No. Owner (GESTIM as of March 8, 2021) Title description Status Type No. (ha) date date

2572694 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572695 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572696 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572697 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572698 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572699 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572700 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572701 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572702 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2572703 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2020-07-17 2022-07-16 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2579261 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2020-09-09 2022-09-08 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2579262 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2020-09-09 2022-09-08 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2579263 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2020-09-09 2022-09-08 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2579264 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2020-09-09 2022-09-08 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2579265 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2020-09-09 2022-09-08 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2579266 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2020-09-09 2022-09-08 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2579267 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2020-09-09 2022-09-08 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2579268 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2020-09-09 2022-09-08 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2579269 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2020-09-09 2022-09-08 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2579270 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2020-09-09 2022-09-08 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2579271 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2020-09-09 2022-09-08 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601761 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601762 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601763 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601764 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601765 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601766 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601767 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601768 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.)

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Title Title NTS Area Emission Expiration Title No. Owner (GESTIM as of March 8, 2021) Title description Status Type No. (ha) date date

2601769 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601770 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601771 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601772 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601773 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601774 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601775 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601776 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601777 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601778 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601779 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601780 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601781 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601782 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601783 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601784 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601785 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601786 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601787 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601788 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601789 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601790 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601791 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601792 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601793 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601794 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601795 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601796 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601797 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.)

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Title Title NTS Area Emission Expiration Title No. Owner (GESTIM as of March 8, 2021) Title description Status Type No. (ha) date date

2601798 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601799 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601803 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601804 Active CDC 31M10 57.99 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601805 Active CDC 31M10 57.99 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601806 Active CDC 31M10 57.99 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601807 Active CDC 31M10 57.99 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601808 Active CDC 31M10 57.99 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601809 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601810 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601811 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601812 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601813 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601814 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601815 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601816 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601817 Active CDC 31M10 57.96 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601818 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601819 Active CDC 31M10 57.95 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601820 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601821 Active CDC 31M10 57.94 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601822 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601823 Active CDC 31M10 57.93 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601824 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601825 Active CDC 31M10 57.92 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601826 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601827 Active CDC 31M10 57.91 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601828 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601829 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.)

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Title Title NTS Area Emission Expiration Title No. Owner (GESTIM as of March 8, 2021) Title description Status Type No. (ha) date date

2601830 Active CDC 31M10 57.89 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601831 Active CDC 31M10 57.89 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601832 Active CDC 31M10 57.89 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601833 Active CDC 31M10 57.89 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601834 Active CDC 31M10 57.89 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601835 Active CDC 31M10 57.89 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601836 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601837 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601838 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601839 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601840 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601841 Active CDC 31M10 57.9 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601862 Active CDC 31M15 57.89 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601863 Active CDC 31M15 57.89 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601864 Active CDC 31M15 57.89 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601865 Active CDC 31M15 57.89 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601866 Active CDC 31M15 57.89 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601867 Active CDC 31M15 57.89 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601868 Active CDC 31M15 57.88 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601869 Active CDC 31M15 57.88 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601870 Active CDC 31M15 57.88 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601871 Active CDC 31M15 57.88 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601872 Active CDC 31M15 57.88 2021-03-05 2023-03-04 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601918 Active CDC 31M10 57.97 2021-03-08 2023-03-07 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.) 2601922 Active CDC 31M10 57.98 2021-03-08 2023-03-07 Sayona Québec inc. (95797) 100 % (resp.)

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ACCESSIBILITY, CLIMATE, LOCAL RESOURCES, INFRASTRUCTURE AND PHYSIOGRAPHY

This following text is mostly taken from the NI 43-101 Technical Report (Boily, 2017).

5.1 Accessibility

The easiest access to the Tansim Property is by helicopter or seaplane. Another access is westward from the town of Val-d'Or on Highway 117 to the village of Cadillac (55 km), a well- maintained gravel road goes from Cadillac to the Rapide-VII hydro-electric dam on the Decelles Reservoir. The eastern portion of the Tansim claims are then accessed by a series of bush and logging roads that can be travelled by ATV but not with a 4X4 vehicle. The southern and western parts of the Property along the northern shores of Lake Simard, namely west of the Cirque Noir Bay, are difficult to reach by road. A sturdy boat can be rented from the numerous fishing and hunting outfitters located on the banks of the Outaouais River. Boats from the villages of Winneway, Laforce and Frotet, on the southern shores of Simard Lake, can also be taken.

Figure 5-1: Location of the Tansim Property

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5.2 Climate

The Témiscamingue territory experiences a continental subarctic subhumid climate, characterized by short, cool summers and long, cold winters. The nearest permanent weather monitoring station maintained by Environment Canada (climat.meteo.gc.ca) is the Belleterre station, approximately 35 km south of the Property. According to the available data collected at this weather station from 1981-2010, the daily average temperature for January was -16.1°C and the daily average temperature in July was 17.3°C. The record low during this period was -51.0°C, and the record high was 36.7°C.

Data collected from the Belleterre weather station from 1981 to 2010 indicates that the total annual precipitation was 975.9 mm, with peak rainfall occurring during July (106.0 mm average), August (97.0 mm average) and September (105.7 mm average). Snowfall is light to moderate, with an annual average of 262.8 cm. Snow typically accumulates from October to April, with a peak snowfall occurring in November (42.3 cm average), December (63.1cm average), January (54.1 cm average), and February (46.7 cm average); during this period, snowpack averages 18.0 cm depth. On average, the Property is frost-free for 76 days, though discontinuous permafrost exists in the area. Hours of sunlight vary from 15.5 hours at the summer solstice in June to 8.1 hours at the winter solstice in December.

The climatic conditions at the Property do not significantly impede the Project or hinder exploration or mining activities, beyond seasonal consideration for certain work (e.g., drilling muskeg swamps during winter freeze).

5.3 Local Resources and Infrastructure

5.3.1 Airports, Rail Terminals and Bus Services

The mining towns of Rouyn-Noranda with a population of approximately 42,300 residents and Val-d'Or with a population of approximately 32,500 residents are respectively located 60 km northwest and 80 km northeast of the Property. Both cities have airports with regular flights to Montreal. CN railway line passes through Val-d’Or, connecting east to Montreal and west to the North American rail network. Val-d’Or is a six-hour drive from Montréal, and there are daily bus services between Montréal and the other cities in the Abitibi region.

5.3.2 Local Work Force

The closest major population centre from the Tansim Property is Ville-Marie (pop. 2,696) located 72 km to the southwest but is unattainable by road from the Lake Simard shores. Other small villages, such as Moffet (pop. 208) situated 38 km to the southwest on the banks of Grassy Lake, Laforce (pop. 303), and Winneway (pop. 650), lying respectively 18 km and 15 km on the southern shores of Lake Simard, can be used as boat landings. The mining towns of Val-d'Or and Rouyn- Noranda can provide all the technical expertise, manpower and resources necessary for the development of a mining property. According to the 2016 census prepared by Statistics Canada,

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the population of the MRC of La Vallée-de-l’Or was 43,226 people, with 66% of the residents aged 15-64, and an average of 41 years old. Male population accounts for 51% of the population, 49% is female, and 8.5% is Aboriginal. In 2016, 64.4% of the population participated in the labour force, with 14.2% of the labour force employed in “mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction”. This portion of the workforce is experienced in mining operations, as they are currently employed at exploration and mines located elsewhere in the Abitibi region. Local resources also include commercial laboratories, drilling companies, exploration service companies, engineering consultants, construction contractors and equipment suppliers.

5.3.3 Additional Support Services

Additional services within the towns of Rouyn-Noranda and Val-d’Or include hospitals, grocery stores, fuel stations, financial institutions and hotels. Rouyn-Noranda and Val-d’Or have a Canada Post office and additional shipping/freight services by several providers. Landline telephone, mobile service, high-speed internet and satellite internet are available in towns and the nearby vicinity.

Sayona has their exploration office in the town of La Motte. Core is stored to roofed racks in the outdoor core storage area.

Water for drilling purposes on the Tansim Property can be collected from Lake Simard, the Outaouais river and from the numerous streams, brooks and lakes disseminated north of the lake. A WSW-ENE-oriented Hydro Quebec 750 kV power line crosses the forest just 1 km north of the Tansim claim boundaries. The Hydro-Quebec Rapide II hydroelectric dam is located just 13 km south of the Western Block on the Rapide II gravel road.

There is no mining infrastructure currently present on the Property.

5.4 Physiography

The Project area lies approximately 300 m (984 feet) above sea level. During the Late Holocene, the Lake Simard area was covered by the periglacial waters of the Barlow-Ojibway Lake. The recent topography resulted from the nature of the underlying Precambrian rocks, the unconsolidated glacial cover and the shape of recent deposits. The topography is relatively subdued. Usually the Pontiac Group biotite schists present an undulated relief with a maximum of 15 m, while the granitic rocks have usually a relief of 30 m with a maximum of 100 m a.s.l. Waters from the Lake Simard flow to the Outaouais River and run SSW toward Lake Témiscamingue. The drainage pattern is dendritic, sometimes rectangular, due to the influence of tectonic faulting. Rapids, cascades and gorges are numerous. Narrow and elongated lakes located in glacial depressions are typical of the region. The Lake Simard is a shallow lake that displays an irregular shore and exposes cliffs of clay on its banks.

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HISTORY

This following text is mostly taken from the NI 43-101 Technical Report entitled “The Tansim and R2D2 rare metal (Li, Ta, Be) properties, Abitibi-Témiscamingue area, Québec, NTS 31M10, 32D01 and 32D02” produced for Matamec Explorations Inc. (Boily, 2017).

The Lake Simard area underwent sporadic, albeit limited, exploration for rare metals (i.e. Li, Ta, Be) since the 1950’s. One significant deterrent to mining exploration was the difficult access to the lake northern banks combined with the scarcity of outcrops. However, the presence the Réservoir Decelles Batholith, which exposes facies dominated by geochemically evolved monzogranite rocks and granitic pegmatites, some containing spodumene, beryl and tantalite, hinted at more important rare metal mineralization in the surrounding wall rocks near Lake Simard (Rive, 1992).

The earliest discoveries were made during the late 50s early 60s on the Dallaire, Viau-Dallaire and Viau showings where zoned granitic pegmatite dykes containing spodumene, beryl, colombo- tantalite were found. Then, in 1977, the discovery of Ta and U-rich granitic pegmatite samples from

the Ile du Refuge site (5.8 wt.% Ta2O5 and 83 wt. % U3O8), sparked new interest from Noranda and particularly SOQUEM, the latter conducting geophysical surveys, mapping campaigns and litho- geochemical sampling during the early 1980s. A hiatus of 41 years (1982-2003) was followed by the acquisition by Matamec Explorations Inc. of a large tract of land (the Tansim Property) located north of Lake Simard and encompassing most of the previously investigated rare metal showings.

A chronological summary of the historical exploration work performed on the Tansim Property follows below.

6.1 Prior to 1978

1956 - The area of the Viau-Dallaire showing was submitted to overburden stripping and trenching by Smith (1956; GM 05416A). The trenches exposed extensive zones of spodumene and large embedded crystals of beryl in a granitic pegmatite. The pegmatitic dykes are generally EW- oriented, dip steeply to the north and also contain muscovite, uraninite and garnet (Figure 6-1).

1958 - Christoph (1959; GM 09746) produced a crude feasibility study for the exploitation of beryllium and lithium after examining the trenches and stripping areas at the Dallaire showing (Figure 6-1).

1960 - Dugas (1960a; GM 10432) from the Ministry of Mines of Quebec visited the Dallaire claims which were submitted to intense prospecting and dynamiting leading to the discovery of new granitic pegmatite dykes some of which included a few beryl crystals. Dugas (1960b; GM 10434) also visited the Viau showing, discovered in 1957 by the prospector Paul Viau. The exploration work consisted of geological mapping and geochemical sampling. The showing revealed three EW- oriented dykes one of which presented a zone of very coarse-grained spodumene zone (30-40%). Apatite, lepidolite, fluorite and beryl were also observed. The lithium oxide values varied from 0.33

to 4.65 wt.% Li2O. The results come from a very coarse-grained 60-m long zone exposing more than 40% spodumene (Figure 6-1).

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1961 - A series of four short drill holes (30 m each) totalling 121.6 m were drilled on the Viau- Dallaire showing (Perry, 1961; GM 11334). Each hole intersected hematite-altered granitic pegmatite dykes intruding biotite gneiss and containing from 5 to 20% spodumene (Figure 6-2).

1971 - Van de Walle and Tagliamonte (1971; GM 26940) visited the Viau showing to evaluate importance of the colombo-tantalite mineralization in the exposed granitic pegmatite dykes. The author classified the granitic pegmatites into two types: spodumene-rich and quartz-muscovite rich. Only the spodumene-rich variety was known to contain scattered colombo-tantalite crystals 2 to 20 mm long (Figure 6-2).

1971 - Anonymous (1971, GM 27496) performed some overburden stripping in four areas and three small excavations to uncover granitic pegmatite dykes (Claims Legault) (Figure 6-2).

1972 - The Viau claims were optioned by Tantalum Mining Corporation of Canada (“Tanco Mining”) who conducted geological mapping and a ground-based magnetometer survey over 800 acres covering the property (Huxhold, 1972; GM 27976). The survey indicated the granitic pegmatite dykes were weakly magnetic, with the principal Ta-bearing granitic pegmatite identified along 365m on strike. Tanco recommended drilling the main Ta-bearing pegmatite on the basis of grab sample

assays which produced 0.2 to 0.17 wt.% Ta2O5 (Figure 6-2).

1974 - Tanco Mining drilled four holes (74-1 to 74-4) totalling 248 m on the Viau showing (Huxhold 1974; GM 30048). Granitic pegmatite dykes were intersected; none containing spodumene and

with only trace of Ta2O5 detected (Figure 6-3).

1975 - Van de Walle (1975; GM 30828) carried out an inspection of the Viau-Dallaire showing situated to the west of the Outaouais River. Several outcrops of a white granitic pegmatite dyke were observed over a length 280 m. The dyke contained large crystals of spodumene up to 45 cm in length. Dynamiting revealed black crystals tentatively identified as colombo-tantalite (Figure 6-3).

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Figure 6-1: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property prior to 1978 (1)

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Figure 6-2: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property prior to 1978 (2)

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Figure 6-3: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property prior to 1978 (3)

6.2 1978 to 1989 – Noranda and SOQUEM

1978 - Noranda, in joint venture with SOQUEM, performed an airborne radiometric survey over the Lake Simard area. One 91 m deep hole was sunk on the Île du Refuge showing (Hogg 1979; GM 35608).

1979 - Noranda and SOQUEM put three short DDH holes (from 14 to 34 m) in the eastern part of Ile du Refuge (Hogg 1979; GM 34264).

1980 - A geological study of the Dallaire showing was conducted by Szasz (1980; GM 36585). The investigation included geological mapping, ground based magnetic and electromagnetic surveys, geochemical sampling and chemical assaying. Several pegmatites perched on a cliff contained large beryl crystals (1.5 to 45 cm in length). Scintillometer values over 15,000 c/s were measured on an outcrop of granitic pegmatite showing a highly altered and hematized zone. There is a possibility of colombo-tantalite in a weakly hematized garnet-bearing granitic pegmatite (Figure 6-4).

1980 - SOQUEM manifested an interest in the area north of Lake Simard. Gagnier (1980a; GM 36594) reported the results of geological mapping and prospecting performed principally on the Viau-Dallaire and Viau claims and on a sector east of Ruisseau Vaseux (Vézina prospect). The exploration work included systematic small scale sampling and mapping of the principal granitic pegmatites and chemical analyses of Li, Be, Nb, Ta + 37 other elements. The Vézina prospect consists of small 200x50 m EW-elongated buttes exposing complex zoned white granitic pegmatites containing spodumene, beryl (1 to 2%), cleavelandite, greenish muscovite, garnet, quartz and white-pink potassic feldspar. Samples taken from the old trenches indicated

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concentrations of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 wt.% Be with traces of colombo-tantalite (Gagnier, 1980b; GM 36594). The Viau-Dallaire showing consists of a complex, coarse-grained zoned pegmatite having spodumene crystals (20-45 cm) accompanied by albite, microcline, quartz and muscovite and a black mineral identified as colombo-tantalite. Field work accomplished by SOQUEM in the 1980s (Gagnier, 1980, GM 36594; Gagnier and Thériault, 1980, GM 36825) indicates an average spodumene content of 18±8 % within the 300 m long dyke. Chemical assays produced an average

lithium concentration of 3420±2626 ppm or 0.74±0.57 Li2O wt.% (n=52), with low average contents

for Ta2O5 (79±51 ppm) and Be (57±77 ppm). Chemical assays at the Viau showing generated

anomalous concentrations of 0.28 wt.% and 0.033 wt.% Nb2O5 associated with Ta2O5 contents of 918 and 250 ppm. The rare metal-bearing granitic pegmatites define weak positive magnetic anomalies. Detailed geological mapping and rock sampling were recommended for the Viau showing. Systematic rock sampling carried out by SOQUEM geologists has shown great variability

in Li2O contents due to the complexity and zonality of the exposed granitic pegmatites. Average

value of 0.27± 0.47 Li2O wt.% was obtained with concentrations reaching 0.22 to 1.56 wt.% Li2O in the spodumene-rich zones (Gagnier, 1980a, b; GM 36594, GM 36797). The assays also revealed

low average Ta2O5 and Nb2O5 concentrations (0.0062 and 0.013 wt.% respectively). Prospection

on the Île du Refuge island performed by Noranda produced values of 5.8 wt.% U3O8 and 83 wt.%

Ta2O5 from a boulder lying on the shore of the island. Two types of granitic pegmatite dykes were recognized. One type is a zoned reddish granitic pegmatite composed of garnet, quartz, K-feldspar, cleavelandite, and traces of colombo-tantalite. Best analytical results obtained are 43 and 67 ppm

Ta2O5 (Gagnier 1980b; GM 36797). Work further performed by SOQUEM (Gagnier and Thériault, 1980; GM 36825) lead to the conclusion that granitic pegmatites tend to be smaller in size as we progress further north. Beryllium is more abundant on the northeast segment of the property, whereas the content of tantalite increases in red granitic pegmatite dykes toward the north shore

of Lake Simard. Values of 0.02 and 0.05 wt.% Ta2O5 were quoted (Figure 6-4).

1981 - Ground exploration by SOQUEM also included a PP survey and a pedogeochemical sampling campaign (St-Hilaire and Gobeil, 1981; GM 37737 also see Gobeil, 1982; GM 38848). Mineralized granitic pegmatites did not produced detectable anomaly on the PP survey (Figure 6-5).

1982 - A total of 192 soil samples were collected by SOQUEM in the area north of Lake Simard (Gobeil, 1982; GM 38848). There is an association of Nb and Ta with the presence of small amounts of radioactive minerals in the eastern part of the property while Ce-Be anomalies occurs in the western part. It was recommended the northeast (Dallaire showing region) and northwest (Viau- Dallaire area) segments of the property be further investigated. Sampling of humus is suggested in areas devoid of outcrops. Best reported chemical assay results are: 0.25 wt.% Ta, 0.91 wt.% Nb

and 0.71% U3O8; all coming from rock grab samples from the eastern part of the property (Figure 6-5).

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1989 - The Ministère des Richesses naturelles du Quebec conducted a program to evaluate the rare metal potential of the Abitibi and Pontiac subprovinces. The Lake Simard area was one of the targeted region. A geological and mineralogical descriptions of the mineralized granitic pegmatites and principal showings were presented (Boily et al. 1989; MB 89-29). The authors proposed a crude spatial zonality of the Lake Simard granitic pegmatites in which Be-Li-Ta-rich pegmatites were relegated to the eastern region, the Li-Ta-Nb-rich pegmatites located in the center and the Li-rich pegmatites found in the western region.

Figure 6-4: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property from 1978 to 1989 (1)

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Figure 6-5: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property from 1978 to 1989 (2)

6.3 2001 to 2003 – Ressources Minérales Mistassini Inc.

2001 to 2003 - An evaluation report was produced in 2001 on the Viau showing (Leclerc, 2001; GM 58923). Following this report, limited stripping and blasting work on the Viau showing was carried out in 2003 in order to collect six samples (Gauthier et al., 2003; GM 60480) (Figure 6-6).

Figure 6-6: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property from 2001 to 2003

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6.4 2003 to 2018 – Matamec Explorations Inc.

2007 to 2008 - The identification of radioactive minerals in some of the granitic pegmatites outcropping on the north-central shore of Lake Simard prompted Matamec Explorations Inc. to investigate the Tansim property primarily for its uranium potential (Leclerc and Fleury, 2007; GM

63160). The model developed in Bancroft, Ontario involving low U3O8 concentrations associated with disseminated radioactive minerals in granitic pegmatites and leucogranites was applied during prospecting the northern terrane and earlier discovered showings with the help of a scintillometer. Some uraninite associated with the Viau Li, Be and Ta showing was identified (Fleury and Leclerc, 2008; GM 63756). Two new showings (Gauthier and Rivard) were also discovered along the northern banks of Lake Simard. The Gauthier showing is composed of a 30 m-large spodumene- rich granitic pegmatite outcrop that disappears to the north under a thick glacial till cover. The site shows evidence of previous blasting. The granitic pegmatite is weakly radioactive. Sampling of the pegmatite outcrop and erratic blocks yielded average values of 215 ppm U and 71 ppm Th, which are considered too low to constitute mineralization (Leclerc and Fleury, 2007; GM 63160; Fleury and Leclerc, 2008; GM 63756). The Rivard showing consists of a granodiorite cliff injected by successive 10-30 cm-thick reddish granitic pegmatite dykes forming a 20 m thick assemblage. The dykes possess shallow eastern dips and are weakly radioactive. West of the Rivard showing, Fleury and Leclerc (2008) have unearthed several other outcrops that may constitute the extension of the Rivard showing. A series of grab rock samples from granitic pegmatites and material within fracture zones yielded average U and Th values of 149 and 72 ppm respectively, again too low to constitute meaningful mineralization. However, several granitic pegmatite samples collected from the Rivard showing and from the surrounding area contain high values of Zr, Nb and Y. For instance, five samples having more than 2000 ppm Zr and three samples display Nb and Y values > 500 ppm. Charbonneau and Robillard (2007) wrote another technical report on the Tansim Property. Recommendations included stripping and channel sampling of the known mineralized pegmatites and uraniferous red granites, grab and channel sampling, geochemical analyses, electromagnetic geophysical survey, bulk sampling and exploration drilling (Figure 6-7).

2009 - Matamec Explorations Inc. completed a geochemical survey of humus material along four, 5-km long, EW-oriented lines separated by 200 m (Fleury and Leclerc, 2009; GM 64636). The survey took place on the northeast end of the property underlain by monzogranitic rocks of the Réservoir Decelles Batholith Suite (suite 4). The results show a good numerical and spatial correlation between the rare metal tracers of complex mineralized granitic pegmatites (Li, Be, Nb, Ta, Zr and REE). In all, seven anomalies were detected by the survey (Figure 6-7).

2010 - A helicopter-borne magnetic and VLF geophysical survey, mandated by Matamec Explorations, was flown over the Tansim Property (Boily, 2010; GM 65202). The principal feature is an area of moderate to strong magnetic lows to the north that reflect the presence of monzogranite rocks of the Réservoir Decelles Batholith south of the batholith, an EW-oriented zone of rocks characterized by high magnetic signatures (9 km x 700 m) probably representing a mixed zone of magnetite-rich granitic pegmatites injected in metavolcanic, metasedimentary and

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monzodioritic rocks (see Gagnier, 1980; GM 36797; Gagnier and Thériault, 1980; GM 36825). The First Vertical Derivative (FVD) magnetic map highlighted the main structural components (i.e. lineaments such as fault, fracture and schistosity). Overall the magnetic highs and lows define an EW-oriented trend of lineaments that taper off at the eastern end of the property. The zone of high magnetic lineaments appears to abut on two NE-SW-oriented structures (fault?) underlined by a series of small magnetic highs. Boily (2010) noted the principal rare-metal showings and other rare metal occurrences (i.e. Li, Be, Ta) were found on EW-lineaments underscored by magnetic highs or are localized on or at proximity of major structures (fault?) (Figure 6-7).

2011 - The phase III exploration campaign of Matamec Explorations Inc. aimed to visit a showing not yet explored by Matamec, to prospect the humus survey and to continue prospecting on the property (Doyon et al., 2011; GM 65983). The selected samples were analyzed for high technology metals, U, rare earths as well as base metals, two samples were also analyzed for gold. Each sample was also analyzed for whole rocks to be able to detect fertile granites from infertile granites. The results allow to locate four fertile granites, two of which are in the showing area. Prospecting for soil anomalies revealed a radioactive anomaly linked to slightly anomalous values of Li, Be, Ta and U as well as the location of two fertile granites (Figure 6-8).

2013 - The purpose of the 2013 campaign was to characterize the two major lithium showings known on the property (Viau and Viau-Dallaire showings) and to explore two prospective sites that have been little or not explored (Fleury, 2013; GM 67780). The pegmatites were targeted for lithium exploration, with 42 m of channel sampling made on the Viau-Dallaire showing, 23 m of channel sampling made on the Viau showing and 47 grab samples collected during crossings made on two target sectors. The results show well-developed mineralization at the Viau-Dallaire showing with a

better interval of 18.95 m at 0.94% LiO2, including 7.3 m at 1.30% LiO2 and spectacular but more

limited mineralization at Viau (best interval of 3.2 m at 2.77% LiO2). The two prospected regions have returned some sporadically mineralized zones in tantalum (best value of 990 ppm Ta in an amazonite pegmatite) (Figure 6-8).

2016 - Six samples were collected near old channel samples that cut a pegmatite dyke (Perron et al., 2016; GM 69874). The rough cleaning of the outcrops and old stripping made it possible to make an initial assessment of the apparent widths, which seem to reach 10 m in certain cases. The sampling work revealed the texture and the uniform composition of the pegmatites which contains between 10 and 30% of spodumene in a matrix of lamellar albite. The spodumene crystals can reach over 10cm in length. Muscovite and quartz represent minor volumes in these samples (Figure 6-8).

2018 - Prospectair conducted a heliborne high-resolution magnetic (MAG) survey on the Tansim Property on January 2018 (Dubé, 2018; GM 70476). One survey block was flown for a total of 553-l-km with traverse lines at 75 m spacing and control lines spaced every 750 m. The survey lines were oriented N005. The control lines were oriented perpendicular to traverse lines. The average height above ground of the helicopter was 42 m and the magnetic sensor was at 21 m.

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The residual Total Magnetic Intensity (TMI) of the Tansim block is quite active and varies over a range of 3508 nT, with an average of 67 nT and a standard deviation of 248 nT. The strongest magnetic anomalies and variations are located in the central and southwestern parts of the survey block and are typical of areas dominated by intermediate/mafic intrusive rocks. The remaining magnetically less active parts of the block are likely dominated by felsic volcanic/intrusive and/or sedimentary rocks. Most of magnetic lineaments found in the survey block are trending from ESE- WNW to ENE-WSW and are related to the strongly magnetic rocks. Instances of isolated lineaments striking in other directions are also found in some parts of the block and are likely caused by diabase dykes. Several lineaments are locally curved, attesting that the area underwent deformation events in the past. In general terms, magnetic lineaments are related to rock formations that are enriched in magnetic minerals (magnetite and/or pyrrhotite) (Figure 6-8).

Figure 6-7: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property from 2003 to 2018 (1)

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Figure 6-8: Historical work performed on the Tansim Property from 2003 to 2018 (2)

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GEOLOGICAL SETTING AND MINERALIZATION

7.1 Regional Geology

The Tansim Property is located in the Superior Province within the Pontiac Subprovince (Figure 7-1), approximately 60 kilometres southeast of the town of Rouyn-Noranda.

Figure 7-1: Location of the Pontiac Subprovince within the Superior Province

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7.1.1 Pontiac Subprovince

This following text is mostly taken from the NI 43-101 Technical Report (The Tansim and R2D2 rare metal (Li, Ta, Be) properties, Abitibi-Témiscamingue area, Québec, NTS 31M10, 32D01 and 32D02, Matamec Explorations Inc. (Boily, 2017), unless mentioned otherwise.

The Pontiac Subprovince is a Late Archean metasedimentary-metavolcanic-granitoid-gneiss terrane situated along the southeastern margin of the Superior Province of Quebec. It is limited to the south by the Proterozoic Grenville Province, to the west by Proterozoic Huronian sedimentary rocks of the Cobalt embayment and to the north by the Cadillac-Larder lake fault zone which separates the Pontiac subprovince from the Southern Volcanic Zone of the Abitibi subprovince (Ludden et al., 1986). The Pontiac subprovince comprises schist, paragneiss and migmatite derived from terrigeneous sedimentary rocks (Card et Ciesielski, 1986) with a substantial part composed, however, of granitoid rocks. Contained within the southwestern part of the subprovince is the Baby- Belleterre Group of supracrustal mafic metavolcanic rocks, associated metasedimentary rocks similar to the Pontiac group rocks, and predominantly tonalitic-trondhjemitic intrusions. This volcanic belt may represent a klippe of volcanic and intrusive material related to the igneous rocks of the Abitibi subprovince. In contrast to the Abitibi subprovince, structural trends within the Pontiac subprovince are dominated by relatively subhorizontal planar fabrics with south-verging faults, possibly resulting from south-directed overthrusting (Van de Walle, 1978 and Dimroth et al., 1983a). Metamorphic grades range from the greenschist facies in the northern part of the Pontiac subprovince and in the Baby-Belleterre rocks to upper amphibolite facies in the central part of the subprovince. The boundary between the Abitibi and Pontiac subprovinces is defined by the Larder- Lake-Cadillac Fault (LCF) south of Rouyn-Noranda and Val d Or. Seismic reflection results show the LCF is a steep structure that dips to the north and becomes lystric at depths of at least 12-15 km (Jackson et al.,1990). The LCF was the focus of significant strike-slip motion.

The Pontiac Group includes relatively thick successions of monotonous sedimentary rocks. Dimroth et al. (1982) estimated a pre-deformation thickness of more than 1000 m for the metasedimentary succession. The relative abundance of biotite and aluminum-rich metamorphic minerals compared to quartz and plagioclase indicates that metasedimentary rocks of the Pontiac Group were originally greywackes. Bedding in these predominantly fine-grained sediments is well preserved and corresponds mostly to abrupt changes in detrital grain size. Bed thickness ranges from a few cm to less than 2 m. Based on stratigraphic relationships, the Pontiac Group is inferred to have been deposited after the Blake River Group in the Abitibi subprovince (Goulet, 1978). Geochronologic studies of the Pontiac metasedimentary rocks have yielded detrital zircon ages from 2940 to 2683Ma (Mortensen and Card, 1993).

Dimroth et al. (1982, 1983a, b) proposed the Pontiac subprovince represented the fore-arc accretionary prism of an ensimatic magmatic arc (SVZ of the Abitibi subprovince, Ludden et al., 1986) intruded by syn-tectonic plutons during collision with a crustal block farther to the south. Kerrich and Feng (1992) suggested an alternative model, in which the Pontiac subprovince is an exotic crustal block (microcontinent) having collided with and underthrust the SVZ. These models suggest that the Cadillac-Larder Lake zone represents a north-dipping thrust.

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Outcrops of the Timiskaming Group rocks are limited to the northern part of the Pontiac subprovince, where along the Cadillac-Larder lake fault zone, they separate the Pontiac metasedimentary rocks from the Blake River Group. Matrix-supported to framework supported polymictic conglomerates are the major components of this unit, although greywacke packages up to a few metres thick are common. Mueller and Donaldson (1992) postulated that the Temiskaming sedimentary cycle has been deposited in an extensional basin comparable to modern pull-apart basins. Detrital zircons from the Timiskaming Group show absolute ages between ca. 2980 and 2679 (Davis, 1991). The presence of an unconformity between the Pontiac and Temiskaming Group, apparition of pebbles and cobbles of Pontiac Group rocks at the base of the Timiskaming sedimentary succession, and slightly younger detrital zircon ages within the Timiskaming Group rocks, suggest the Timiskaming Group represents the end of deep-sea sedimentation within the Pontiac basin, emergence of the turbidic sequences and the start of a shallower succession in Late Archean time.

Sedimentary rocks of the Huronian Supergroup constitute the oldest Proterozoic sedimentary sequence that overlies unconformably the southern margins of the Superior province. This supergroup unconformably covers the metasedimentary rocks of the Pontiac and Timiskaming Groups.

7.2 Local Geology

This following text is mostly taken from the NI 43-101 Technical Report (The Tansim and R2D2 rare metal (Li, Ta, Be) properties, Abitibi-Témiscamingue area, Québec, NTS 31M10, 32D01 and 32D02, Matamec Explorations Inc. (Boily, 2017), unless mentioned otherwise.

7.2.1 The Plutonic Suites

Rive (1992) recognized four principal suites in a broad terrane covering in part the area of the Tansim property confined to the NTS map 31M10: 1) Lac-des-Quinze gneissic tonalitic massif suite; 2) Lake Simard north and east monzodiorite, HB-BO quartz monzodiorite and BO-HB granodiorite suite; 3) Lake Simard north pyroxene-hornblende monzodiorite, pyroxene monzodiorite, quartz monzonite suite and; 4) Réservoir Decelles Batholith suite composed of granodiorite, BO-MV monzogranite, aplite and granitic pegmatite.

Suite 1 - The Lac-des-Quinze gneissic tonalitic massif suite consists of pre-tectonic tonalitic gneiss- leucotonalitic gneiss, quartzofeldspathic gneiss and associated migmatites. It is exposed as a crescent shape dome structure and displays a strong metamorphic foliation.

Suite 2 - The HB-BO-monzodiorite, quartz monzodiorite and granodiorite form vast plutonic massifs divided in several blocs by tectonic shearing and by the invasion of pyroxene-monzonite rocks. In the Lake Simard north and east examples, the plutons are commonly elongated and display a well- developed primary foliation. The hornblende granodiorite has a primary structure underlined by

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schlieren near the contact with the wall rock and incorporates metasediments, pillowed basaltic lavas and hornblende-rich enclaves. They are intrusive in the Pontiac Group metasediments, the tonalite gneiss of the Lac des Quinze suites and the volcanic rocks of the Baby-Belleterre greenstone belt. Primary foliation is well-developed. Leclerc and Fleury (2007; GM 63160) described the granodiorite as equigranular, medium-grained containing feldspar (45%), quartz (45%), biotite (5%), pyroxene and amphibole (5%), almandine garnet (< 1%).

Suite 3 - The northern shore of Lake Simard exposes a small massif of pyroxene-hornblende monzodiorite, pyroxene monzodiorite, quartz monzonite intruding the Lake Simard HB granodiorite (suite 2). The pyroxene-bearing plutonic rocks are medium-grained, intensely granulated and display a saccharoidal texture. Suite 4-The Réservoir Decelles Batholith consists principally of BO- MV monzogranite plutons associated with a swarm of aplite and granitic pegmatite dykes. The granitic rocks form a large EW-elongated composite batholith extending for 150 km. The batholith disappears to the west under Proterozoic sediments. It has a maximum NNO-SSE extension of 75 km and ends abruptly to the south at the contact with the Grenville Front. The Réservoir Decelles Batholith is intrusive in the Pontiac metasediment and associated mafic-ultramafic rocks and in the HB-monzodiorite granodiorite. In detail, the Réservoir Decelles Batholith suite is constituted of biotite granodiorite, biotite-muscovite monzogranite or muscovite monzogranite. The granites are medium-grained, sub-automorph, granulated and show a massive structure. The pink monzogranite is medium to fine-grained and consists of quartz (30%), orthose (30%), plagioclase (20%), red garnet (1%) and micas (< 1%). The granites are considered heterogeneous because they are injected by a dense network of dykes (metre to decametre-thick) and pods of muscovite±biotite granitic pegmatite which composition varies from leuco-monzogranite to leuco- syenite. The Résevoir Decelles Batholith manifests several discernable cupolas because of the abundance of metasediment enclaves on their flanks. The cupola core is commonly formed by biotite-granodiorite and biotite monzogranite (sporadic muscovite) injected by heterogeneous biotite-rich±muscovite granitic pegmatite (Rive, 1992). Granodiorite and muscovite monzogranite are marginal. They are cut by dykes and pods of heterogeneous granitic pegmatites which become more abundant as we reach the zone of sedimentary enclaves. Contacts of the batholith with the Pontiac sediments are sharp, crosscutting or concordant to the foliation. Dykes and pegmatite pods are injected in tensional faults within the metasediments. At a smaller scale, the dykes and pods and other facies of the batholiths are parallel to the regional foliation. Contacts with the monzodiorite and granodiorite rocks (suites 2 and 3) are also sharp. Granitic pegmatites dykes are emplaced within a system of fragile tectonism.

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7.2.2 Metavolcanic and Metasedimentary Rocks

Metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks represent minor lithologies. Biotite schist or metagreywacke of the Pontiac Group crop out at the northwestern extremity of the property or in rafts and enclaves at the margins of the Réservoir Decelles Batholith and within other plutonic suites. The metasediments are fine-grained rocks containing biotite (60%), plagioclase (20%), quartz (10%) and pyroxene-amphibole (10%). Amphibolite, hornblende schist and hornblende gneiss, the metamorphic equivalent of mafic-intermediate volcanic rocks, are conspicuous as enclaves in most plutonic rocks and small EW-oriented belts exposed on the western side of the property. Fleury and Leclerc (2008; GM 63756) described the amphibolite as a black rock constituted of 95% black amphibole with minor quantities of felsic minerals and orthose-rich veinlets. The amphibolite is also intruded by cm-thick lenses containing 1% pyrite.

7.2.3 Aplite and Granitic Pegmatite Dyke and Body

The aplites are medium to fine-grained showing a typical aplitic texture. They are composed of quartz, albite, microcline, muscovite and garnet. They define dykes and pods which crosscut the various monzogranitic and granitic pegmatitic facies. The aplites can build more than 30% of total volume of heterogeneous pods and dykes of pegmatite which are in turn cut by homogeneous pegmatite.

The granitic pegmatites are coarse-grained, with crystals of potassic feldspar often reaching 25 cm. Rive (1992) defines two types of granitic pegmatites: homogeneous and heterogeneous. In the homogeneous granitic pegmatites, there is a constant repartition and size of minerals which are formed by quartz (30%), biotite (0.1-5%), microcline (30 50%), muscovite (0.5-30%), plagioclase (30%) and apatite (0.2%). The accessory minerals consist of garnet, sillimanite, magnetite and hematite. The thickness of simple homogeneous granitic pegmatite dykes does not exceed 1-2 m but is very regular. Heterogeneous granitic pegmatite dykes can be zoned or not and usually show complex structures. They may reach several hundred of metres in thickness. They contain quartz, microcline, albite, oligoclase and biotite with sporadic muscovite and uraninite. The heterogeneous pegmatites contain biotite and muscovite when they are injected into the monzogranite, but muscovite is prevalent when they crosscut the border-facies monzogranite and the Pontiac metasediments. It is within these complex pegmatites that we can observe mineralization in beryl, spodumene, molybdenite, uraninite and colombo-tantalite. Holmquistite (a Li-amphibole) is present in the granodiorite wallrocks surrounding the heterogeneous spodumene-rich granitic pegmatite dykes. Another classification of the Lake Simard granitic pegmatites was given by Gobeil (1982) who proposed a subdivision into complex (spodumene-bearing) and simple (muscovite-bearing) pegmatites. The two types can be found on the same outcrop crosscutting each other. The simple pegmatites are muscovite-bearing and oriented NS and are considered barren. The EW-oriented complex pegmatites (spodumene-bearing), are zoned with, according to Gobeil (1982), a microcline-quartz external zone, a microcline-mica intermediate zone and a core of spodumene.

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Gobeil (1982) associated the uranium and thorium mineralization within the granitic pegmatites to the colombo-tantalite mineralization Descriptions of the spodumene-bearing granitic pegmatites by Leclerc and Fleury (2007; GM 63160) and Fleury and Leclerc (2008; GM 63756) show white-pink to greenish spodumene (30%; 20 cm or more), quartz almost black, albite and perthite (10-20%), muscovite (< 5%), garnet (< 1%), epidote (apatite?), and a disseminated black mineral probably colombo-tantalite. The alteration on the surface is black to brown and there is hematization in fractures. Descriptions of the muscovite-bearing pegmatites give white albite (40%), quartz (30%), big plates of muscovite (30%) with smaller biotite crystals and almandine garnet.

Rives's classification of the Lake Simard granitic pegmatites while accurately descriptive does not provide a clue on the petrogenesis and stages of intrusion that could be informative of the types of pegmatites containing the rare metal mineralization. Gobeil's observation of barren NS-oriented muscovite barren pegmatites and complex EW-oriented spodumene-bearing pegmatites provides at least a classification based on the paragenesis. However, Gobeil (1982) also mentions that the two pegmatite types crosscut each other without mentioning the order of intrusion. There is a third type of pegmatite reported in Gagnier (1980b; GM 36797) as a red contaminated granitic pegmatite with hematite and magnetite which are correlated with positive magnetic anomalies. This type probably corresponds to the reddish granitic pegmatite dykes containing uraninite and pyrochlore with strong but spotty radioactivity described in Fleury and Leclerc (2008; GM 63756). Similar U- bearing granitic pegmatite dykes were described by Hinse (1978) on an adjacent property located to the southeast of the Tansim claims. The pegmatite dykes are un-zoned, very coarse-grained, light to medium pink and commonly contain 60 to 70% pink feldspar (K-Feldspar?), 30-40% smoky grey and white quartz with little or no mica. Radioactivity is associated with spots and clusters of black minerals in place magnetic with or without orange uranophane staining (magnetite-uraninite- pyrochlore?). At other places, radioactivity is related to a thin tabular mineral which Hinse (1978) interprets as betafite. At this point, we may only speculate on the order of intrusion and rare metal potential of the three granitic pegmatite types. It is probable that the oldest type is the U-Th-bearing reddish pegmatites that occur principally on the north shore of Lake Simard, particularly in the Chasse Gardé point peninsula (Fleury and Leclerc, 2008; GM 63756). These pegmatites may not be the residual magmas generated by the differentiation of a parental monzogranitic magma. Instead, they could be viewed as abyssal pegmatites following the classification of Cerny (1982) and their formation related to melting of basement rocks. The barren muscovite-bearing granitic pegmatites may be intruded in a NS-oriented set of fractures prior the injection of the complex zoned rare metal-bearing granitic pegmatites. Both pegmatite types originated from the differentiation of parental monzogranitic magma which later formed the facies of the Réservoir Decelles Batholith. The rare metal-bearing granitic pegmatite residual melts exploited an EW- oriented set of fractures and could be viewed as the latest phase of magmatism of the Réservoir Decelles Batholith.

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7.3 Geology of the Property

This following text is mostly taken from the NI 43-101 Technical Report (The Tansim and R2D2 rare metal (Li, Ta, Be) properties, Abitibi-Témiscamingue area, Québec, NTS 31M10, 32D01 and 32D02, Matamec Explorations Inc. (Boily, 2017).

Six major lithologies can be distinguished in this property. They are 1) a basic biotite schist interspersed in order of importance with 2) pink granit, 3) pegmatites of varying composition, 4) granodiorite, 5) gabbro with plagioclase phenocrysts, and 6) amphibolite, the latter three probably forming a magmatic series (Figure 7-2).

7.3.1 Biotite Schist

It’s also called metagrauwacke by some authors. The biotite schist is strongly to moderately foliated (18°N/48 °) and fine-grained (0.5 mm); and contains biotite (60%), plagioclase (20%), quartz (10%), pyroxene + amphiboles (10%).

7.3.2 Pink Granit

It's fine to medium-grained (0.7-5 mm), and contains smoky quartz (30%), orthose (30%), white plagioclase (20%), red-pink garnet (1%), pyroxenes and micas (<1%). It shows rusty weathering and slight red purple hematization.

7.3.3 Pegmatites

They can be divided into two main classes according to mineralogical bases, namely spodumene pegmatites and muscovite pegmatites. These two types are sometimes found on the same outcrops, with a large expanse of pegmatite of one type interspersed with coarser injections of a different type. Spodumene pegmatites often show large nodules of pure quartz (10 to 50 cm in diameter). Gobeil (1982) divides pegmatites into “simple” and “complex” types. Simple pegmatites (muscovite pegmatites) are mainly north-south oriented and show no mineralization. The complex (spodumene) pegmatites, oriented east-west, shows not only an external microcline-quartz zoning, intermediate microcline-mica and an internal spodumene zone, but also tantalo-colombite mineralization. Gobeil (1982) also associates radioactive elements such as uranium and thorium with this tantalo-colombite mineralization.

Spodumene pegmatites are composed of large amounts of white-pink or greenish spodumene (30%, 20 cm in diameter and more), sometimes almost black smoky quartz (20-30% of the total rock), white albite and / or perthite (10-20%), muscovite (<5%) and sometimes contains small grains of green epidote (<1%), almandine garnet (<1%), black allante, black tantalo-colombite or black uraninite with or without strongly colored weathering minerals (bright yellow carnotite, for example). The surface alteration is black to brown while the interior shows a purple hematization following the fractures of the rock.

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Muscovite pegmatites are composed mainly of powdery white albite (40%), smoky quartz (30%), large muscovite crystals (30%, 20 to 50 mm in diameter) and small crystals of biotite (medium to coarse) and almandine garnet (moderately grained). Hematization is weak or absent.

7.3.4 Granodiorite

It’s equigranular with a medium grain-sized (1 mm) and is made up of white plagioclase (45%), smoky quartz (45%), biotite (5%), pyroxenes + amphiboles (5%), and almandine garnet (<1%). It is sometimes very slightly hematized.

7.3.5 Gabbro with plagioclase phenocrysts

It's a medium-grained (2-3 mm) gabbro consisting of amphiboles (30%), smoky quartz (30%), biotite (20%) with somewhat greenish plagioclase phenocrysts (20%, 4-5 mm in diameter).

7.3.6 Amphibolite

It’s a 95% medium-grained black amphibole (4-5 mm) with a minor amount of felsic minerals and powdery white-pink orthosis veins (5 mm thick). It’s sometimes marked with thin lenticular intrusions of pink granite no more than one centimetre thick and containing up to 1% pyrite.

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Figure 7-2: Tansim Property and local geology, including showings

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7.4 Mineralization and Alteration

This following text is mostly taken from the NI 43-101 Technical Report (The Tansim and R2D2 rare metal (Li, Ta, Be) properties, Abitibi-Témiscamingue area, Québec, NTS 31M10, 32D01 and 32D02, Matamec Explorations Inc. (Boily, 2017), unless mentioned otherwise.

Lithium mineralization at the Viau-Dallaire showing consists of spodumene crystals (up to 20-45 cm) oriented perpendicular to the wall rock contact within a complex, coarse-grained zoned granitic pegmatite dyke. The main pegmatite strikes ENE for at least 300 m, dips 40ºN and attains a thickness varying from 12 to 20 m. The granitic pegmatite dyke is injected in the biotite schist and amphibolite of the Pontiac Group. Gagnier (1980a, GM 36594) and Gagnier and Thériault (1980, GM 36825) have shown the average spodumene content to be18±8 % which translated into an

average lithium concentration of 3420±2626 ppm or 0.74±0.57 Li2O wt.% (n=52). The assays

produced a low average content for Ta2O5 (79±51 ppm) and Be (57±77 ppm). The Vézina prospect consists of small 200 x 50 m EW-elongated buttes exposing complex zoned white granitic pegmatites containing spodumene, beryl (1 to 2%), cleavelandite, greenish muscovite, garnet, quartz and white-pink potassic feldspar. Samples taken from the old trenches indicated concentrations of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 wt.% Be with traces of colombo-tantalite (Gagnier, 1980b; GM 36797). At the Viau showing, the exposed pegmatites are oriented EW and show a moderate dip (25º to 35º) to the north (Boily et al., 1989). Several pegmatite dykes are at least 30 m-thick and extends for 200 m. The granitic pegmatites are complexly zoned and injected within a pyroxene- hornblende quartz monzodiorite. The lithium mineralization occurs in very coarse grained spodumene attaining 30 cm in length and reaching almost 2 m near the core of the pegmatites. It

is associated with quartz and feldspar. The best values in lithium oxide (Li2O) were obtained by

Dugas (1960b; GM 10434) and varied from 0.33 to 4.65 wt.% Li2O. The results come from a very coarse-grained 60-m-long zone exposing more than 40% spodumene. Samples extracted from

spodumene-rich zones produced Ta2O5 (wt.%) values of 0.200 and 0.172 wt.%. Systematic rock

sampling carried out by SOQUEM geologists has shown great variability in Li2O contents due to the complexity and zonality of the exposed granitic pegmatites. An average value of 0.27± 0.47

Li2O wt.% was obtained with concentrations reaching 0.22 to 1.56 wt.% Li2O in the spodumene- rich zones (Gagnier, 1980a, b; GM 36797; GM 36594). The assays also revealed low average

Ta2O5 and Nb2O5 concentrations (0.0062 and 0.013 wt.% respectively). Located on the western side of Viau point, the Gauthier showing is composed of a spodumene-rich granitic pegmatite outcrop that disappears to the north under a thick glacial till cover (Leclerc and Fleury, 2007; GM 63160). The granitic pegmatite is slightly radioactive (Leclerc and Fleury, 2007; GM 63160; Fleury and Leclerc, 2008; GM 63756).

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7.4.1 Viau-Dallaire Showing (Li, Be, Ta)

The Viau-Dallaire showing is situated in the northeast area of the Tansim claims, 1 km west of the Outaouais River. The showing consists of complex, coarse-grained zoned pegmatites containing on average 18% spodumene crystals (20-45 cm) accompanied by albite, microcline, quartz and muscovite and a black mineral identified as colombo-tantalite (Gagnier, 1980a, b; GM 36797; GM 36594 and Boily et al., 1989). The pegmatite dyke strikes ENE for at least 300 m, dips 40º N and displays a varying thickness of 12 to 20 m. The granitic pegmatite dyke is injected in the biotite schists and amphibolites of the Pontiac Group which show a pronounced tectonic ENE- oriented layering. Some enclaves of amphibolite are found floating within the granitic pegmatite (Gagnier, 1980a, b and Boily et al., 1989). White aplitic dykes, 2-4 m wide long and 30-50 cm in thickness, locally cut the granitic pegmatite apparently producing a strong alteration of the enclosing minerals. For instance, spodumene acquires a white-greenish tinge near the aplite border and seems to contain fined white mica plates (muscovite) on the surface. Spodumene crystals are oriented perpendicular to the wall rock contact. The northern contact between the Pontiac schists and the granitic pegmatite is defined by a fault plane.

7.4.2 Viau Showing (Li, Be, Ta)

The Viau showing occupies the center of a small peninsula jutting on the northern end of Lake Simard. The best exposures are located 300 m north from the shore. The exposed pegmatites are oriented EW and show a moderate dip (25º to 35º) to the north (Gagnier et al., 1980 and Boily et al., 1989). Several pegmatite dykes are at least 30 m-thick and extend for 200 m. The granitic pegmatites are injected within a pyroxene-hornblende quartz monzodiorite (suite 3). The dykes reveal a mineralogy of spodumene, potassic feldspar, cleavelandite (albite), lepidolite, colombo- tantalite, muscovite, tourmaline, biotite and quartz. Enclaves of monzodiorite are pervasive.

The granitic pegmatites dykes are complex and zoned. The zonality is established from the border to the core with extensive lateral and thickness variations. The spodumene is coarse- to very coarse-grained attaining 30 cm in length and reaching almost 2 m near the core of the pegmatites. It is associated with quartz and feldspar. The core is succeeded externally by zones of cleavelandite-lepidolite-muscovite-microcline-colombo-tantalite and quartz-microcline. Several monzodiorite enclaves in the eastern segment of the outcrop zone are moderately to highly biotized. The granitic pegmatites at the contact with the enclaves contain a 40-60 cm thick zone of acicular prisms of tourmaline (?). Ground-based magnetic surveys conducted by Tanco (Huxhold, 1972; GM 27976) have shown the granitic pegmatite bodies characterized by positive magnetic anomalies related to the presence of colombo-tantalite or magnetite. The survey allowed tracing the pegmatite dykes for more than 600 m in an EW direction.

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7.4.3 Gauthier Showing (Li)

Located on the western side of Viau point, the less explored Gauthier showing is composed of a spodumene-rich, 30 m-large granitic pegmatite outcrop that disappears to the north under a thick glacial till cover. The site shows evidence of previous blasting. The granitic pegmatite is weakly radioactive. (Leclerc and Fleury, 2007; GM 63160; Fleury and Leclerc, 2008; GM 63756). It seems the Li-rich portion of the granitic pegmatite was not sampled.

7.4.4 Rivard Showing (U)

This type of commodity is not an exploration target for Sayona.

The Rivard showing consists of a granodiorite cliff injected by a succession of 10-30 cm thick reddish granitic pegmatite dykes forming a 20 m-thick assemblage. The dykes possess a shallow eastern dip and are slightly radioactive. Four samples gathered from the Rivard showing possess Zr values > 500 ppm.

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DEPOSIT TYPES

This following text is mostly taken from the NI 43-101 Technical Report (The Tansim and R2D2 rare metal (Li, Ta, Be) properties, Abitibi-Témiscamingue area, Québec, NTS 31M10, 32D01 and 32D02, Matamec Explorations Inc. (Boily, 2017), unless mentioned otherwise.

The origin of fertile peraluminous granites from which rare elements-rich granitic pegmatites are generated have been investigated by Cerny and Meintzer (1988) and Cerny (1991b). These authors identified two principal Archean geological environments susceptible to contain economic rare element mineralization: tectonized metasedimentary basins and volcano-plutonic belts. In these environments, the mineralization occurs exclusively in granitic pegmatites surrounding fertile monzogranitic rocks. These are generally emplaced in upper greenschists to lower amphibolites metamorphosed sedimentary and volcanic rocks. In the Superior Province of Canada, the monzogranites and granitic pegmatites are found: 1) within EW-oriented metavolcanic belts commonly enclosed by gneissic granitoid massifs (tonalites to potassic granites); and 2) inside highly metamorphosed paragneissic and orthogneissic belts. Archean parental monzogranites to the granitic pegmatites are late to post-tectonic intrusive rocks, weakly to moderately deformed. In greenstone belts, the monzogranites are emplaced along large deformation zones that limit crustal blocks. Fertile monzogranites rarely contain hornblende (Trueman and Cerny, 1982), but do exhibit biotite, muscovite and garnet, which accompany quartz, albite and microcline as essential mineral phases. Accessory minerals are tourmaline, tantalite, beryl, molybdenite, cassiterite, cordierite and

andalusite. Chemically, the fertile granites are highly siliceous (72-76 wt. % SiO2) and peraluminous

(Al2O3/ (Na2O+K2O+CaO)) (molar) >1. They display low concentrations in TiO2, Fe2O3T, MgO, CaO,

Sr, Ba, Zr and Hf, and high Al2O3, Na2O, K2O, Rb, Nb, U and Ta values. They possess variable Li, Be, Cs and Th contents; although these are higher relative to the Archean TTG (Tonalite- Trondhjemite-Granodiorite) suite (Goad and Cerny, 1981 and Cerny and Meintzer, 1988).

Following Cerny's (1982) classification, granitic pegmatites form eight genetic types with distinct mineralogical and geochemical compositions: 1) sterile biotite-magnetite granitic pegmatite; 2) sterile pegmatite with plagioclase, microcline (locally graphic), biotite and tourmaline; 3) microcline pegmatite, commonly graphic; 4) zoned microcline-albite pegmatite containing muscovite, beryl and tourmaline; 5) zoned albite-microcline pegmatite, commonly metasomatized, and enriched/mineralized in Li, Rb, Cs, Be, Ta and rich in B, P and F; 6) albite pegmatite mineralized in Li, Be, Sn and Ta; 7) homogeneous albite-spodumene pegmatite with secondary mineralization in Be, Ta, Sn and Mo and; 8) quartz veins with some feldspar and frequent beryl, cassiterite and wolframite occurrences. A simpler classification elaborated by Cerny (1991b) proposed four major class of granitic pegmatites: 1) abyssal; 2) muscovite; 3) rare element; and 4) miarolitic. The Tansim granitic pegmatites are classified as rare element pegmatites (i.e. Li, Be, Ta, Cs) and exhibit mineralogical and geochemical characteristics associated with types 4, 5, 6 and 7 of Cerny’s (1982) classification. The exceptions are the reddish U-bearing granitic pegmatites that are bound to the abyssal type.

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The following genetic model related to the formation of rare-metal granitic pegmatites serves as a basis for the exploration program of Matamec Explorations Inc. The genesis of rare metal-rich, particularly Li, Be, Ta-rich granitic pegmatites starts with the formation of unfractionated

monzogranitic magmas through anatexis of H2O, F and Cl-rich metasedimentary or quarzto- feldspathic crust (Cerny, 1991a and Boily, 1993). Source enrichment in alkalis and rare elements may arise from metasomatism by aqueous fluids in a subduction or accretion prism setting. Crustal anatexis generates peraluminous granitic magmas that percolate upward to reside in an upper- crustal magma chamber. Fractional crystallization on the roof and walls of the magma chamber possibly concomitant with the formation and upward migration of rare elements chloro-complexes lead to the formation of differentiated apical zone enriched in volatile and rare elements (Boily,

1993). Expulsion and injection of H2O-saturated monzogranite magmas in fractures within the granitic cupola and in the surrounding country rocks creates Li and other rare element granitic pegmatite dykes that may differentiate further into layers or zones distinguished by their mineral paragenesis and rare element enrichments. Granitic pegmatite dykes and bodies are intruded along fractures at the margins of their parent monzogranites. In the volcano-sedimentary and plutonic wall rocks, late to post-orogenic granitic pegmatites are emplaced in fractures, schistosities and shear zones.

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EXPLORATION

9.1 Surface Outcrop Sampling

Reconnaissance selective sampling was performed at Viau-Dallaire, Viau and Gauthier prospects with a total of 21 samples taken over exposed pegmatites (Figure 9-1). Grab samples were taken mostly in areas with visible spodumene. Assay result highlights include:

▪ Viau-Dallaire: 14 grab selective samples ranging from 0.96% Li2O to 2.47% Li2O;

▪ Viau: 4 grab selective samples ranging from 0.22% Li2O to 4.5% Li2O;

▪ Gauthier: 3 grab selective samples that did not return significant Li2O% grade.

In all the cases, high-grade lithium results were associated with albite-spodumene pegmatite with coarse grain spodumene crystals (up to 30 cm length).

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Figure 9-1: Grab samples from the Tansim Property

9.2 Magnetic Survey

A heliborne high-resolution magnetic survey was carried out in January 2018 on the centre of the Tansim Property and consisted of 553-line kilometres and four production flights. The Tansim block was flown by Prospectair Geosurveys with traverse lines at 75 m spacing and control lines spaced every 750 m. The survey lines were oriented N005. The control lines were oriented perpendicular to traverse lines. The average height above ground of the helicopter was 42 m and the magnetic sensor was at 21 m. The average survey flying speed (calculated equivalent ground speed) was 37.3 m/s (Figure 9-2).

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Data were compiled by Joël Dubé, P.Eng., (Dynamic Discovery Geoscience). The strongest magnetic anomalies and variations are located in the central and southwestern parts of the survey block and are typical of areas dominated by intermediate/mafic intrusive rocks. The remaining magnetically less-active parts of the block are likely dominated by felsic volcanic/intrusive and/or sedimentary rocks. The vast majority of magnetic lineaments found in the survey block are trending from ESE-WNW to ENE-WSW and are related to the strongly magnetic rocks. Instances of isolated lineaments striking in other directions are also found in some parts of the block and are likely caused by diabase dykes. Several lineaments are locally curved, attesting that the area underwent deformation events in the past. In general terms, magnetic lineaments are related to rock formations that are enriched in magnetic minerals (magnetite and/or pyrrhotite). Throughout the block, it is possible to detect structural features offsetting observed magnetic lineaments and causing abrupt interruption or changes of the magnetic response. These features are typically caused by faults, fractures and shear zones (Dubé, 2018).

Figure 9-2: First vertical derivative of TMI of Tansim Property

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9.3 3D Modelling of the Project

In 2019, Sayona’s geologists, Gustavo Delendatti, started the interpretation and the 3D modelling of the Viau-Dallaire showing of the Tansim Property with the software Micromine (Figure 9-3). With this work, they were able to model two pegmatite albite-spodumene dykes using geological knowledge of the deposit, grade continuity and geological information provided in the DDH logs (i.e., lithology, alteration and structure).

Figure 9-3: 3D model of the Viau-Dallaire showing

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DRILLING

10.1 Drilling Methodology

10.1.1 Drillhole Location / Set-up

Diamond drillholes (DDH) are planned using vertical cross-sections and vertical longitudinal sections in order to intersect the mineralized zone at the proper angle (perpendicular to its strike and dip wherever possible).

The coordinate system in use is UTM NAD83 Zone 17.

Sayona Québec Inc. has retained Rouillier Drilling from Amos as a diamond drilling contractor. Having discussed access options at Viau-Dallaire, Sayona opted for a helicopter-borne drilling contract, using an H3 tracked drill. The preparation of all the drilling sites as well as their accesses was previously prepared by Services GFE Inc., with the collaboration of four workers from the community of Long Point First Nation. The employees of Services GFE Inc. and the two teams of drillers, were lodged at the outfitter on Grassy Narrow Road in Moffet. All their trips between the outfitter and the drill site were done by snowmobile.

A set of two pickets (1.5 metres height and marked with fluorescent orange paint) are lined using planned azimuth on each drilling pad. Prior to the commencement of each DDH, the alignment of the drill rig is checked. The setup (azimuth and dip) is controlled by Sayona’s personnel.

10.1.2 Drillhole Orientation during Operations

The drillholes from the February 2019 drilling campaign were non-oriented. The deviation tests for all drillholes were performed with a Reflex EZ-Trac camera, performing the single shot type tests. Two tests were conducted per survey as follows: ▪ First test at the beginning of the hole (25 m below surface); ▪ Second test at the end of each hole, except for the first four surveys VD-19-00 to VD-19-03, for which the EZ-Trac device was not available.

It should be noted that an intermediate measurement was taken when drillhole length exceeded 150 m.

The tests were carried out by drillers from Rouillier Drilling during operations with results recorded on the spreadsheet form provided by the drilling contractor and transmitted daily to Sayona with the drilling report.

At the end of each drillhole, the site geologist collected the downhole survey from the drillers. The downhole survey data was added to the geological logging database. Due to the magnetism of the host rock, azimuth readings were not used (too much deviation) and only dip was considered.

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10.1.3 Drillhole Coring

Drill cores are provided by the drilling contractor in NQ (47.6 mm) size. The core is collected in a standard drilling tube and the drillers carefully place the core into wooden core boxes or trays. The driller marks the depth in metres after each run, usually every 3 m, sometimes at shorter intervals.

The “quick-log” is simultaneously carried out by the geologist to facilitate decisions-making on whether to continue or stop drilling. The drillhole is terminated by the Sayona geologist once the targeted depth is reached and the core at the drill site is reviewed with respect to target lithologies, alteration and mineralization.

Once the drillhole is terminated and the final downhole survey reading is collected, the drill crew pull the rods for mobilization to the next drill site.

The drillhole is capped and the casing left in the hole. The casing is capped with a secure casing cap. Alternately, a special marker consisting of a 2 m-long piece of metal pipe is inserted into the hole and an aluminum marker plug, with the drillhole details punched onto it, is inserted into the marker tube.

The drill contractor is obligated to remove all equipment and garbage from the drill site and remove any contaminated snow, soil or overburden.

10.1.4 Drilling and Core Handling

Diamond drill cores are collected in up to 3-m lengths or runs in an NQ core barrel. The NQ core trays hold a nominal 4.5 m of core in three 1.5 m rows. Core is deposited into the wooden core trays at the drill rig by the driller’s helper after completion of each drill run under the supervision of the driller. Core trays are numbered with a permanent marker, by the driller’s helper, indicating the drillhole number and the sequential box number, beginning with box 1 after collaring the casing into bedrock. Numbering will be placed on the end piece of the core tray next to the first core placed in the row.

The driller’s helper inserts a meterage tag (wooden block) at the downhole end of the last piece of core taken from the core tube. The block identifies the exact depth at the end of each drill run measured from the collar or standpipe of the drill. Although the drill barrel is designed to take a 3-m run, often rock conditions or mechanical failures will dictate a run length.

The wooden depth markers are clearly marked in metres in clean and legible writing. Additional notations can be provided on additional wooden blocks indicating if unsuitable ground, water conditions or cavities in the bedrock are encountered that result in core loss when encountered. Once the core tray is filled, it is set aside, secured shut using armed tape, and carefully stacked for transport to the logging facility in Amos.

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Securely boxed drill core is transported every day by snowmobile outside the drill site to the camp. Every two to three days, securely boxed drill core is transported by vehicle from camp to Amos where they are picked-up at the RCN Minerals (RCN) core logging facility. RNC provided the office, core logging and storage facilities to Sayona, which are located in Amos, 175 km north by car from the Tansim Property. Care is exercised to ensure that the lids are securely attached to minimize core disturbance, breakage and loss during transportation from the site.

All core trays will be verified in the warehouse/logging facility, checking the wooden marker blocks before logging is initiated. If blocks do not correspond with the observed core, the shift driller and/or drill supervisor is consulted at the first available opportunity.

10.1.5 Core Logging

RCN provided the office, core cutting, core logging and storage facilities to Sayona. Therefore, RCN’s facilities in Amos, 175 km north by car from the Tansim Project, were used as a core shack for the core description and processing. Gustavo Delendatti, Sayona’s geologist, oversaw the description of the core, which consisted of logging lithology, weathering, texture, colour, structure, veins and mineralization. The main mineralized spodumene pegmatite zone was sampled and analyzed. Two shoulder samples, each having a sample length of approximately 2.0 m to 3.0 m, were collected from the non-mineralized core above and below the contact of the pegmatite with the barren host rock. Primary data, as well as sample data, was recorded on laptop computers directly into standardized Excel logging templates with built-in look‐up codes. This information is merged with the assay certificate data into a Sayona's in‐house database.

10.1.6 Core Recovery and RQD Measurements

As geotechnical determinations are a measure of natural characteristics of the rock, care in handling of core prior to geotechnical work is essential to prevent excessive mechanical breakage of the core. Core recovery has been collected on the Project since 2019 (starting at hole VD19-00). No rock quality designation has been collected.

Core Recovery

The core recovery is calculated by measurement in centimetres of core in the core tray divided by the centimetres claimed to be drilled on the meterage blocks. This number, multiplied by 100, is recorded as percent recovery. Core recovery is recorded for each drill run. Specific areas of loss are noted, if possible, and marked by placement of a wooden marker and the estimated loss. One hundred percent (100%) core recovery is ideal; however, it is not always possible because of ground conditions or sometimes loss of drill core during the coring process, e.g. grinding, etc.

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Rock Quality Designation (RQD)

The rock quality designation is designed to give qualitative and quantitative information on the stability of rock surrounding and included in mineralized material. This information is used to determine the mineability and rock control procedures that will be required to extract the mineralized material.

RQD is a quantitative index of rock quality based on a core recovery procedure in which the core recovery is determined incorporating only those pieces of hard, solid core longer than twice the diameter of the core. For NQ core, the nominal diameter is 5 cm, so the length index is 10 cm. Shorter lengths of core are ignored. RQD is determined for each core run as these are the only definitively known distance markers. RQD is determined using the following formula:

RQD (%) = 100 x the sum of the length of the core pieces equal to or longer than 10 cm length of the core run.

It is important to distinguish between mechanical breaks and natural breaks identified in the core.

RQD is valid for solid core only and should not be used for very poorly disaggregated materials such as highly weathered rock, clays or un-cemented aggregates.

10.1.7 Core Photography

Before taking the photograph, the core boxes are identified using an aluminium tag. The core tray metal tags are marked with the hole number, the tray number, and the From-To meterage. The final tray in a hole is marked with end of hole (EOH). Once logged by the geologist, all drill cores are photographed dry and wet. The object of core photos is to have a digital image record of sufficient detail to clearly see core features prior to destructive sampling procedures. This record can later be used to qualify rock quality features and to examine core images against geological logging if the core is unavailable for examination. The photos are also used as required during the construction of geological sections.

After the core is photographed, the core is assigned to the core saw operator for splitting and sampling.

10.1.8 Core Storage

The core boxes are stored in La Motte on roofed racks in the outdoor core storage area.

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10.2 Recent Diamond Drilling

Sayona has completed 11 diamond drillholes on the Property since 2019, focusing on the Viau- Dallaire showing, and it represents 1,219.1 metres of drilling. At the effective date of this Report, the total drilling on the Project amounted to 1,589.1 m in 19 surface DDH.

The 11 DDH of the 2019 drilling campaign completed at Viau-Dallaire intercepted variable concentrations of spodumene mineralization distributed in two sub-parallel dykes (including a deeper non-outcropping dyke). Drilling tested 350 m lateral strike extension and up to 150 m vertical depth. Two main albite-spodumene pegmatite dykes were intercepted, with an east-west strike dipping 45° to 55° to the north. The average true width of Dyke 1 (upper dyke – outcropping) is approximately 15 m and the average true width of Dyke 2 (deeper dyke – not outcropping) is

approximately 40 m. The drilling intercepts have returned 1.28% Li2O over 6.3 m (Core Length

(CL)), including 1.66% Li2O over 2.0 m (CL) in drillhole VD19-01; 1.28% over 6.5 m (CL), including

1.78% over 3.5 m (CL) in drillhole VD19-01; 1.29% Li2O over 12.35 m (CL), including 1.63% over 5.0 m (CL) in drillhole VD19-05; and 0.82% over 43.7 m (CL), including 1.26% over 16.1 m (CL) in drillhole VD19-10 (Sayona News Release, November 19, 2019). Figure 10-1 shows the 2019 drillholes intercept information.

The holes completed by Sayona on the Tansim Property since 2019 are listed in Table 10-2.

Figure 10-1 shows the location of both recent and historical drillholes throughout the Property, and

Figure 10-2 shows the pegmatite intersections and Li2O results for the 2019 drillholes campaign on the Viau-Dallaire showing.

Table 10-1: Drillholes intercept information (core length downhole intersections in metres) from the 2019 drilling program on the Tansim Property

From To Thickness Grade DDH (m) (m) (m) (%Li2O) VD19-00 19.00 22.00 3.00 0.95 VD19-01 3.90 10.20 6.30 1.28 including 6.00 8.00 2.00 1.66 13.50 20.00 6.50 1.28 including 13.50 17.00 3.50 1.79 VD19-02 10.00 20.00 10.00 0.71 15.00 16.00 1.00 1.64 22.00 25.00 3.00 0.85 VD19-03 46.00 54.00 8.00 1.17 including 46.00 47.00 1.00 2.03 and 50.00 54.00 4.00 1.38

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From To Thickness Grade DDH (m) (m) (m) (%Li2O) VD19-04 13.90 18.00 4.10 1.37 including 13.90 15.00 1.10 2.22 21.00 30.00 9.00 0.95 including 24.00 27.00 3.00 1.60 VD19-05 4.00 16.35 12.35 1.29 including 5.00 6.10 1.10 2.04 12.00 14.00 2.00 2.02 VD19-06 3.85 5.90 2.05 0.89 12.00 14.80 2.80 0.76 20.20 24.45 4.25 0.87 including 22.00 23.00 1.00 1.20 VD19-07 42.75 46.00 3.25 1.25 49.00 58.00 9.00 0.95 including 51.00 53.00 2.00 2.02 109.50 115.00 5.50 0.77 including 112.00 113.00 1.00 1.38 134.00 141.00 7.00 1.35 including 135.00 136.00 1.00 2.15 VD19-08 67.00 77.25 10.25 1.04 including 67.00 69.00 2.00 1.55 and 72.00 75.00 3.00 1.22 119.00 126.10 7.10 0.67 including 124.00 126.10 2.10 1.09 142.00 149.80 7.80 1.04 including 146.00 149.80 3.80 1.54 155.00 163.50 8.50 0.91 including 155.00 156.00 1.00 1.99 and 158.00 162.00 4.00 1.16 VD19-09 43.80 51.25 7.45 1.05 including 49.95 51.25 1.30 2.18 110.35 119.55 9.20 0.72 including 118.25 119.55 1.30 1.25 124.75 127.40 2.65 1.44 VD19-10 45.50 58.80 13.30 1.03 including 48.15 49.75 1.60 2.13 and 55.40 56.45 1.05 2.00 108.20 151.90 43.70 0.82 including 135.80 151.90 16.10 1.26

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Table 10-2: Drillholes from the 2019 drilling program on the Tansim Property (UTM NAD 83 Zone 17)

Azimuth Dip Final depth Hole-ID Easting Northing Elevation Year (°) (°) (m) VD19-00 670,812.88 5,285,796.20 309.65 180 -45 72 2019 VD19-01 670,772.21 5,285,780.08 311.70 180 -45 72 2019 VD19-02 670,731.27 5,285,783.00 309.80 180 -45 75 2019 VD19-03 670,720.56 5,285,817.55 307.15 180 -50 99 2019 VD19-04 670,682.95 5,285,771.04 308.52 180 -45 72 2019 VD19-05 670,628.02 5,285,758.78 304.86 180 -45 81 2019 VD19-06 670,573.31 5,285,749.87 300.79 180 -45 75 2019 VD19-07 670,627.69 5,285,813.52 296.30 180 -50 172 2019 VD19-08 670,627.47 5,285,816.44 296.17 180 -75 174.1 2019 VD19-09 670,576.61 5,285,795.38 297.43 180 -55 162 2019 VD19-10 670,528.35 5,285,788.04 295.72 180 -55 165 2019

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Figure 10-1: Recent and historical DDH locations on the Tansim Property

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Figure 10-2: 2019 DDH intersections for the Viau-Dallaire showing (modified from Gustavo Delendatti, Sayona News Release, April 9, 2019)

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SAMPLE PREPARATION, ANALYSES AND SECURITY

11.1 Historic Data

There is not much information on the QA/QC procedures used on the assay data collected historically.

No analytical quality control data for historical exploration work carried out prior to 2019 is available for review, so the QP was not able to assess the quality of the historical data and assumes that these companies conducted their exploration activities in accordance with prevailing industry standards at the time.

11.2 Sayona Québec Inc. Data

Sayona has been exploring the Tansim Property since 2019. Sayona completed drilling of 1,219 m in 11 drillholes.

11.2.1 Core Handling, Sampling and Security

The following sections describe Sayona’s core handling, sampling and security procedures for the diamond drilling programs. The QP did not conduct any drilling or sampling on the Project and the data in this item was provided by Sayona’s senior geologist, Gustavo Delendatti.

11.2.1.1 Assays Samples

In general, only mineralized intervals are sampled. To create representative and homogenous samples, sampling honours lithological contacts, i.e. no sample crossed a major lithological boundary, alteration boundary or mineralization boundary.

The sample length for most intervals collected varies from 0.50 m to 2.0 m, and the recommended sample length is 1.0 m. Around 5% of the sample intervals are less than 0.5 m. Approximately 2% of the sample intervals are over 1.5 m. In pegmatite, the sample boundaries mostly reflect the size and colour of the spodumene crystals, to help understand how these

characteristics influence the Li2O content.

Sampling intervals are determined by the geologist during logging and marked on the core boxes or on the core itself using coloured lumber pencils with a line drawn at right angles to the core axis. Two shoulder samples, each having a sample length of approximately 2.0 m to 3.0 m, were collected from the non-mineralized core above and below the contact of the pegmatite with the barren host rock.

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Samples are numbered in consecutive order utilizing sample tag books provided by SGS and containing numerical sequences of 50 pre-labeled duplicate water durable sample tags. The sample tag is tucked under the core at the end of each sample by the geologist.

The sample sequence includes blank samples and certified reference materials (CRM) that are inserted into the sample stream using sample numbers that are in sequence with the core samples. A CRM sample, consisting of material of known metal content and internationally recognized and verified, is included in the sample sequence by the trained core sampler. A “blank” sample is material technically devoid of any metals. A blank sample is inserted before the first sample of each pegmatite interval; a low CRM (0.289% Li) is inserted about every 25th sample, and a high CRM (1.346% Li) usually every 50th sample. There is never any written reference to the location of any control samples on sample bags, sample tags or dispatch documentation for the assay lab. Blanks and standards are treated the same in the laboratory as the core samples.

The core saw operator, trained in core cutting procedures, executes the core cutting. The logging geologist has already clearly marked out all pertinent cores for cutting and sampling. The core is sawn in half, along its length, with a diamond saw. One half (consistently from the same half of the split core) is put into the plastic sample bag and the other half is retained and kept in the core box for later reference. One sample tag is stapled to the core box and the other tag is placed into the sample bag with the core sample.

The sample bag will then be closed using a tie-wrap and stored in sequence prior to sample dispatch preparation. Sample bags are packed in large “rice” bags and the rice bag is sealed with a zip tie, which is ‘broken’ or opened only at the assay laboratories.

The sealed rice bags are stored on a standard wooden pallet (42” x 42” x 48”) until shipping to the laboratory. The pallets are shipped to the preparation facility at the SGS Canada Inc. laboratory in Val-d’Or, Québec, and then shipped to the analysis facility at the SGS Mineral Services laboratory in Lakefield, Ontario. The first pallet was shipped on February 18, 2019 and the second was shipped on March 6, 2019.

11.2.1.2 Core Density Samples

No specific gravity (SG) data was collected for the Tansim Property.

11.2.2 Lab Methods of Preparation, Processing and Analysis

11.2.2.1 Lab Accreditation and Certification

The SGS Minerals Services Lakefield facility is an independent commercial laboratory and has ISO/IEC 17025:2005 accreditation through the CALA (Canadian Association for Laboratory Accreditation Inc.).

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11.2.2.2 SGS Lakefield Sample Analysis Procedure

Sample preparation of drill core samples collected during the 2019 drilling program were completed at the SGS Canada Inc. laboratory (SGS) facilities in Val-d’Or, Québec. Assaying of Sayona's 2019 drilling samples received at SGS were processed according to the following procedure at the SGS facilities in Val-d'Or. All samples are inspected and compared to the chain of custody (COC) and logged into the SGS laboratory management system, then weighted and dried. The SGS facilities in Val-d’Or follows industry best practices, which involves oven drying, crushing and pulverizing at the lab to respect the specifications of the analytical protocol. Sample material is crushed to 75% passing 10 mesh (2 mm), split to obtain a 250 g sub‐sample, which is then pulverized to 85% passing 200 mesh (75 microns). Then, samples are shipped to SGS Mineral Services laboratories in Lakefield, Ontario, for analysis.

All samples received by the SGS laboratory in Lakefield, as well as control samples (certified reference materials and blanks) were submitted for analysis. The analytical protocol used at SGS Lakefield for Lithium (Li) is the GE_ICP91A 29 element analysis sodium peroxide fusion, which involves the complete dissolution of the sample in molten flux for ICP-AES analysis. The detection limits for Li are 10 ppm (lower) and 10,000 ppm (upper). The analytical protocol used at SGS Lakefield for Tantalum (Ta) is a separate test coded ICPM90A.

Blanks, duplicates, and internal reference materials are routinely used as part of SGS’s QA program.

11.2.3 Sample Shipping and Security

The following procedures are applied to ensure a safe and secure management of materials and data as it pertains to core samples at Tansim: ▪ All core samples submitted for preparation and analysis to the laboratories are secured in rice bags with zip ties and shipped to the laboratory (SGS) under supervision of a member of Sayona's team; ▪ The lab is notified by email that the samples are en route and is instructed to notify Sayona’s geologist when the samples arrive at the prep lab in Val-d’Or; ▪ The sample shipment contains a sample submittal form as well as a sample dispatch list detailing the security tag number, rice bag number and the number of samples contained in each rice bag; ▪ The sample submittal form and sample dispatch list are electronically transmitted to the laboratories once the shipment has left the Sayona core shack; ▪ Samples are sent to: SGS Canada Inc. 2921, 7e Rue Val-d'Or, QC J9P 6P6, Canada

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▪ Results are downloaded by Sayona, via a secure server, as Excel files; ▪ QA/QC data is evaluated before the samples are integrated into a master database; ▪ The core boxes are stored to roofed racks in the outdoor core storage area at the Sayona’s facility in La Motte; ▪ The sample pulps and rejects are stored in a locked container at the Sayona’s facility in La Motte.

11.3 Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC)

Canadian National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects requires mining companies reporting results in Canada to follow CIM Best Practice Guidelines. The guidelines describe which items are required to be in the reports, but do not provide guidance for Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC) programs.

QA/QC programs have two components: Quality Assurance (QA) deals with the prevention of problems using established procedures, while Quality Control (QC) aims to detect problems, assess them and take corrective actions. QA/QC programs are implemented, overseen and reported on by a Qualified Person as defined by NI 43-101.

QA programs should be rigorous, applied to all types and stages of data acquisition and include written protocols for: sample location, logging and core handling; sampling procedures; laboratories and analysis; data management and reporting.

QC programs are designed to assess the quality of analytical results for accuracy, precision and bias. This is accomplished through the regular submission of standards, blanks and duplicates with regular batches of samples submitted to the lab, and the submission of batches of samples to a second laboratory for check assays.

The materials conventionally used in mineral exploration QC programs include standards, blanks, duplicates, and check assays. Definitions of these materials are presented hereunder:

▪ Standards are samples of known composition that are inserted into sample batches to independently test the accuracy of an analytical procedure. They are acquired from a known and trusted commercial source. Standards are selected to fit the grade distribution identified in the Tansim mineralization; ▪ Blanks consist of material that is predetermined to be free of elements of economic interest to monitor for potential sample contamination during analytical procedures at the laboratory; ▪ Duplicate samples are submitted to assess both assay precision (repeatability) and to assess the homogeneity of mineralization. Duplicates can be submitted from all stages of sample preparation with the expectation that better precision is demonstrated by duplicates further along in the preparation process;

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▪ Check Assays consist of a selection of original pulps that are submitted to a second analytical laboratory for the same analysis as at the primary laboratory. The purpose is to assess the assay accuracy of the primary laboratory relative to the secondary laboratory.

As per instrument NI 43-101, quality control samples were inserted into the sample batches sent to the laboratory. Inserts included blank samples and standards. No re-assays at a secondary laboratory were done during the 2019 QA/QC program.

Table 11-1 summarizes the QA/QC samples submitted to the laboratories along with routine drill core samples.

Table 11-1: Samples submitted to the laboratories for analysis during the 2019 drilling campaign

Type of sample Quantity % Primary drill core samples 600 92.0 Field blanks 28 4.3 CRM 24 3.7 Pulp duplicates 0 0 Total 652 100%

As part of their standard internal quality control, SGS laboratory also run duplicates, standards and field blanks.

11.3.1 Duplicates

No duplicate sample was submitted for the 2019 drilling campaign.

11.3.2 Blanks

Blanks are used to monitor for potential sample contamination that may take place during sample preparation and/or assaying procedures at the laboratory. Sample of barren crushed material (“blank”) were used by Sayona as part of their QA/QC program. One blank sample was inserted every 15 to 25 samples. The silica rich material used as blank caused some pulverizing issues in the first three batches of samples and assaying was not possible.

Figure 11-1 shows the results of the blank material used during the 2019 drilling program on the Project.

Generally, the blank indicates little contamination at the laboratory, but nothing of material significance.

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Blank Material (Li) 0.01

0.008

0.006

5xDL, 0.005 Li (%) 0.004 3xDL, 0.003

0.002 Pulverizing issues: assaying was not possible

0

B00361531 B00361545 B00361563 B00361594 B00361647 B00361657 B00361570 B00361691 B00361711 B00361717 B00361757 B00361768 B00361777 B00361872 B00361882 B00361914 B00364613 B00361608 B00361622 B00361663 B00361669 B00361731 B00361736 B00361798 B00361811 B00361983 B00364550 B00361503

Figure 11-1: Results for blanks used by Sayona during the 2019 drilling program on the Project

11.3.3 Certified Reference Materials (Standards)

Accuracy and precision are monitored by the insertion of standards. In-house reference standards (high and low grade prepared with spodumene bearing material of the Authier project and certified by lab round‐robin) are used at the Tansim Property. High-grade reference standards are expected to return a value of 1.346% Li and low-grade reference standards are expected to return a value of 0.289% Li. One low-grade or high-grade standard sample was inserted every 15 to 25 sample.

Control charts showing analytical concentration values against warning limits (horizontal lines) have been prepared for each standard and are presented in Figure 11-2 and Figure 11-3. In these figures, dashed light grey lines represent the ±3SD from the expected value and the dashed dark grey lines represent the ±5SD from the expected value. The results for the 14 Li_Std_HIGH and 10 Li_Std_LOW samples are summarized in Table 11-2.

Standards are considered failed by Sayona when a Li result exceeded three standard deviations (±3SD) beyond the expected value. If the analytical value exceeded the ±3SD control limits, systematic re-assaying was not always requested. Three custom values (12.5%) failed during the 2019 drilling program. None of the failed standards were re-assayed.

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The QP also noticed that the mean of the Li_Std_HIGH samples assayed by Sayona was significantly higher than the expected lithium value. As Sayona uses a custom-made standard from the Authier Project (also owned by Sayona; not the subject of this Technical Report), it is possible that this positive bias is due to the fact that the expected lithium value for the Li_Std_HIGH was set at a lower value than it should have been. Additional investigation is warranted, but this situation does not have a material impact on the conclusions of this Report.

Table 11-2: Standard reference materials used at the Tansim Project for the 2019 drilling campaign

Certified Sayona Lower Upper (%) Standard lithium Mean process process Quantity Failed Standard Lab passing supplier value grade limit (Mean limit (Mean inserted (Outliers) QC (% Li) (% Li) - 3SD) + 3SD) Sayona (Authier Li_Std_HIGH SGS 1.346 1.406 1.272 1.420 14 3 78.6 Project) Sayona (Authier Li_Std_LOW SGS 0.289 0.297 0.246 0.332 10 0 100 Project) Total 24

Li_Std_HIGH

1.552

1.502 Exp value + 5xSD, 1.452 1.469 Calculated average, 1.406 Exp value + 3xSD, 1.402 1.420

Li (%) 1.352 Expected value, 1.346

1.302 Exp value - 3xSD, 1.272 1.252 Exp value - 5xSD, 1.223 1.202

Figure 11-2: Results of the custom Li_Std_HIGH standard by SGS

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Li_Std_LOW 0.349

Exp value + 3xSD, 0.329 0.332

0.309 Calculated average, 0.297 Expected value, 0.289

0.289 Li (%)

0.269

0.249 Exp value - 3xSD, 0.246

0.229

Figure 11-3: Results of the custom Li_Std_LOW standard by SGS

11.4 Conclusion

The QP reviewed the sample preparation, analytical and security procedures, as well as insertion rates and the performance of blanks and standards for the 2019 drilling program and concluded that the observed failure rates are within expected ranges and that no significant assay biases are present.

At this stage of exploration, field and coarse duplicates should be inserted in the protocol and the QP also recommends using certified standards for all future drill programs.

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DATA VERIFICATION

For the purpose of this Report, BBA performed a basic verification on the entire project database. All data were provided by Sayona in UTM NAD 83 Zone 17 coordinates.

The project database contains 19 surface diamond drillholes (DDH) totalling 1,588.7 m; four holes were completed in 1961 by Millar W.M. Claims; four holes were completed in 1974 by Tanco Mining; and 11 holes were completed in 2019 by Sayona.

12.1 Site Visit

Pierre-Luc Richard, P. Geo. and QP, and Christina Thouvenot, P. Eng., both from BBA, visited the Tansim Property on November 27, 2020. The visit included an overview of the general geological conditions, a tour of the core storage facility, visual inspections of selected mineralized drill core samples, survey of numerous drillhole casings, and a visit of various mineralized outcrops.

12.2 Sample Preparation, Analytical, QA/QC and Security Procedures

Sayona procedures are described in Chapters 10 and 11 of the current Report. Discussions held with the on-site geologist allowed to confirm that the procedures were adequately applied.

BBA reviewed several sections of mineralized core while visiting the Project. All core boxes were labelled and properly stored. Sample tags were present in the boxes and it was possible to validate sample numbers and confirm the presence of mineralization in witness half-core samples from the mineralized zones (Figure 12-1).

The 1961 and 1974 data used in this Report was collected before the implementation of the NI 43-101 rules and guidelines. Little information is available about sample preparation, analytical, QA/QC or security procedures. However, BBA assumes that exploration activities conducted by the previous owners were in accordance with prevailing industry standards at the time.

No analytical quality control data was available for review of historical exploration work carried out prior to 2019; consequently, the QP is not able to assess the quality of the historical data and assumes that these companies conducted their exploration activities in accordance with prevailing industry standards at the time.

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Figure 12-1: A) Storage room of the Project’s pulps and rejects; B) & C) Core storage; D) Core review

12.3 Drillhole Database

12.3.1 Drillhole Location

For drilling conducted in 2019, all drill collars have been surveyed using differential GPS equipment. BBA compared this data with the data on the original certificates provided by the surveyor.

Random field checks with handheld GPSMAP® 64S were conducted for recent (three) drillholes during the site visit (Figure 12-2). The differences between the database location and the recorded measurements are within the order of precision of the handheld GPS (+/- 3.5 m).

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Figure 12-2: A) and B) Drill collar review during the site visit

12.3.2 Downhole Survey

The downhole survey data for the drilling programs were checked for discrepancies. Due to the magnetism of host rock, Sayona’s geologist decided to ignore the azimuth readings (due to too much deviations) and only consider the dip.

12.3.3 Assays

BBA was granted access to the original assay certificates directly from the laboratory for all holes drilled by Sayona (2019) on the Property. All the assay results from recent drillholes (2019) have been verified. The assays recorded in the database were compared to the original assay certificates from SGS laboratory and no significant discrepancies were detected.

The lower detection limits were set to half the detection limit.

In the assay table, the %Li2O was calculated with this Lithium compound conversion factor (Table 12-1):

Table 12-1: Lithium compound conversion factor

Lithium metal (Li) Lithium oxide (Li2O)

1.000 2.152

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12.4 Conclusion

The QP is of the opinion that the drilling, sampling and assaying protocols in place are adequate. The database for the Tansim Project is of good overall quality.

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MINERAL PROCESSING AND METALLURGICAL TESTING

No mineral processing or metallurgical testing had been undertaken for the Tansim Project at the time of writing this Report.

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MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATE

No NI 43-101 Mineral Resource Estimate has ever been produced for the Tansim Project.

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MINERAL RESERVE ESTIMATE

This chapter is not required for this Technical Report.

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MINING METHODS

This chapter is not required for this Technical Report.

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RECOVERY METHODS

This chapter is not required for this Technical Report.

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PROJECT INFRASTRUCTURE

This chapter is not required for this Technical Report.

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MARKET STUDIES AND CONTRACTS

This chapter is not required for this Technical Report.

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ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, PERMITTING, AND SOCIAL OR COMMUNITY IMPACT

This chapter is not required for this Technical Report.

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CAPITAL AND OPERATING COSTS

This chapter is not required for this Technical Report.

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ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

This chapter is not required for this Technical Report.

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ADJACENT PROPERTIES

A few independent claim owners/prospectors are active around the Tansim Project as illustrated in Figure 23-1. Exiro Minerals Corp. owns two claims in the middle of the Tansim Property, which are under option agreements with Sayona. As far as the author knows none of those claims have an actual property name.

The author has not been able to verify the information presented below and the information is not necessarily indicative of the mineralization on the Tansim Project (the subject of this Report).

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Figure 23-1: Tansim Project adjacent properties

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OTHER RELEVANT DATA AND INFORMATION

BBA is not aware of any other relevant data that could have a significant impact on the interpretations and conclusions presented in this Technical Report.

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INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS

25.1 Overview

The objective of BBA’s mandate was to produce a NI 43-101 Technical Report for the Tansim Property.

25.2 Environmental

The Project is not subject to any known environmental liabilities. The limit of the Wildlife Habitat Zone overlaps a small part west of the Tansim Property but is many kilometres away from the currently known showings (Viau-Dallaire, Viau or Gauthier). The Wildlife Habitat Zone is a buffer zone where certain exploration and mining practices are allowed under specific conditions. The Project location is not impacted by this limit.

The eastern limits of the Tansim Property is adjacent to a Biological Refuge. Exploration work is prohibited on Biological Refuges.

25.3 Geology and Mineralization

The pegmatite system at Viau‐Dallaire comprises at least two albite‐spodumene‐quartz granite pegmatite dykes striking east‐west around 350 m and dipping 50° to the north. The host rocks are schist and ultramafic metamorphic rocks. The shallower outcropping dyke width ranges between 10‐20 m whereas the second deeper dyke (no outcropping) has a width ranging between 40‐50 m.

Lithium mineralization is related to pulses of zoned spodumene bearing albite‐quartz granite pegmatite dykes. Higher lithium grades are related with high concentrations of spodumene crystals ranging from coarse to very coarse (up to 20 cm long axis) in a mid to coarse grained pegmatite facies. Lithium grade variability is related to changes in spodumene concentration.

25.4 Database

The database for the Project consists of 19 surface drillholes with a cumulative length of 1,588.6 m including eight historical holes and 11 recent drillholes.

The QP reviewed the drilling, sample preparation, analytical and security procedures, as well as insertion rates and the performance of blanks and standards for the 2019 drilling program and concluded that the observed failure rates are within expected ranges and that no significant assay biases are present.

The QP is of the opinion that the protocols in place are adequate and followed. The database for the Tansim Project is of good overall quality and follows industry standards.

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25.5 Exploration Potential

Following an overall review of all pertinent information, the QP concluded the following:

▪ Exploration potential remains high at the Property scale, justifying compilation and target generation programs; ▪ The potential to increase the size of the currently modelled pegmatites is high as the current model remains open laterally and at depth. ▪ The currently identified close to surface pegmatites have demonstrated sufficient grades and continuity to justify carrying out additional drilling. A provision of 5,000 m (roughly 30 holes) is likely to lead to a first mineral resource estimate, if said holes are successful in identifying similar grades and thickness.

25.6 Risk and Opportunities

As noted in Chapter 4, the QP is not aware of any known environmental, permitting, legal, title, taxation, socio-economic, marketing, political or relevant issues could be expected to affect the reliability or confidence in the exploration information discussed herein or the right or ability to perform future work on the Tansim Property.

As with all mineral projects, there is an inherent risk associated with mineral exploration. Many of these risks are based on a lack of detailed knowledge and can be managed as more sampling, testing, design, and engineering.

Table 25-1 identifies what are currently deemed to be the most significant internal project risks, potential impacts, and possible mitigation approaches that could affect the Project.

External risks are, to a certain extent, beyond the control of the Project proponents and are much more difficult to anticipate and mitigate, although, in many instances, some risk reduction can be achieved. External risks are things such as the political situation in the Project’s region, metal prices, exchange rates and government legislation. These external risks are generally applicable to all mining projects.

There are opportunities that could improve the Project. The major opportunities that have been identified at this time are summarized in Table 25-2 excluding those typical to all mining projects, such as changes in metal prices, exchange rates, etc.

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Table 25-1: Project risks (preliminary risk assessment)

Risk description and potential impact Mitigation approach The interpreted mineralized zones could be affected Exploration drilling will improve the confidence in the by some structures (faults or folds) that could interpretation. displace or stop the mineralized zones. There is some uncertainty in the spatial location of Run a twin program. drillhole sampling data for historical drillhole. There has been no metallurgical test on the Project Run a metallurgical program on the Project. and therefore the recovery of Li2O is unknown.

Table 25-2: Project opportunities

Opportunity explanation Benefit Additional exploration drilling as the deposit remains Potential to adding new mineralized zones. open at depth and laterally. Integrating a litho-structural model. Could increase the confidence in the mineralization distribution and prepare the basis for a mineral resource estimate.

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RECOMMENDATIONS

26.1 Overview

The QP recommends additional exploration drilling and further geological interpretation to gain a better understanding of the mineralized zones.

The QP also recommends the two-phase work program described below in which Phase 2 is conditional to the success of Phase 1.

26.2 Recommended Activities – Phase 1

The following activities are recommended for the Phase 1.

26.2.1 Exploration Drilling

An exploration drilling program should continue the investigation of any potential lateral and depth extensions of the pegmatites. A provision of approximately 5,000 m in approximately 30 holes should be considered.

The QP recommends performing a check assay program by re-assaying approximately 10% of the mineralized samples in another laboratory in order to see if the values have a good reproducibility. Moreover, at this stage of exploration, field and coarse duplicates should also be inserted in the protocol. The QP also recommends using certified standards for all future drill programs rather than custom-made standards.

Density measurements are recommended inside the country rock lithological units, and inside the pegmatites. In the pegmatites, the density measurements should be distributed in the area of lower and higher grade in order to best represent the density variation in the zones.

26.2.2 Litho-Structural Model

The QP recommends building a litho-structural model following the exploration drilling discussed above.

26.2.3 LiDAR Survey

A LiDAR survey covering the entire area of the Project is recommended for terrain mapping and precise elevation control for purposes of collar elevation confidence, precision and accuracy. It could also help the investigation of structural controls on mineralization and targeting.

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26.3 Recommended Activities – Phase 2

Conditional to the success of Phase 1, the following activities are suggested for the Phase 2.

26.3.1 Mineralogical Study and Metallurgical Testwork

Mineralogical and metallurgical studies should be conducted on the Project in order to improve the understanding of the deposit.

26.3.2 Mineral Resource Estimate

A Mineral Resource Estimate should be completed and should include all drillholes from Phase 1.

26.4 Work Plan Budget

The recommendations are budgeted with details provided in Table 26-1.

Table 26-1: Work program budget

Description Unit Cost ($) Phase 1 – Work Program Exploration drilling and LiDAR Survey 5,000 m 1,000,000 Litho-Structural Model 15,000 Contingencies (10%) 101,500 Total Phase 1 1,116,500

Phase 2 – Work Program Mineralogical study 10,000 Metallurgical testwork 350,000 Mineral Resource Estimate 75,000 Contingencies (10%) 43,000 Total Phase 2 478,000

Total Phase 1 and Phase 2 1,594,500

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