DOCSLIB.ORG

Ink Landscape As Cultural Capital at Court

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ink Landscape As Cultural Capital at Court Chapter three Ink Landscape as Cultural Capital at Court he court presence of great artists implied the rule of a sage-emperor, one so Tvirtuous that he attracted the services of extraordinary talents. Guo Xi was among a constellation of artistic personalities who would adorn the court with their brilliance throughout the Song dynasty. An emblematic court painter of ink landscapes, Guo Xi had begun his career painting for bureaucrats serving provincial posts and for scholar-officers at the capital. He arrived in the imperial city with an established reputation. His paintings then achieved unprecedented visibility at court as symbols of reform, within the spaces of central-government organs and as elements of the discourse on changing state rituals. Paintings clearly came to play an eminent role at court by the late eleventh century. Even so, for one to consider the capacities of statecraft manifested in ink landscape by a member of the inner court requires deliberation on a truism of Song monumental works: their role as rhetorical amplifications of cosmic and imperial power. Reconfigured and infused with courtly landscapes and their themes of change, the spaces of civil rule asserted an emperor’s ultimate power over the state and its officials. Having noted examples of past circumstances under which inner- and outer-court members negotiated to integrate the schol- arly genre of ink landscape painting into imperial settings, we must conclude that the extent of Guo Xi’s role in the Yuanfeng-era reformations was unprec- edented. However, it was ink landscape’s association with the functions of the Hanlin Institute officers in the preceding century that made this metaphor for power exchange conceivable. This final chapter of Part I will identify one institutional form of imperial taste as further evidence of this claim. The notion of lineage in ink landscape is Ink Landscape as Cultural capital at court key to understanding how this scholarly genre was articulated as part of Song aristocratic culture. Guo Xi was recruited as a follower of Li Cheng, but what did it mean in the Song court to be an artist in the lineage of Li? Court authors identified the style engendered by Li Cheng, the tenth-century master of land- scape painting, as the discriminating element of the Northern Song. With an alternative vantage on the long-standing problem of stylistic inheritance, this study recognizes Li Cheng as the progenitor of a courtly artistic legacy to which Guo Xi was the natural heir. This was the ink-landscape mainstream that the court perpetuated, by collecting and preserving its products, as distinctive of Song imperial visual culture. “Li-Guo” as Analytic Frame Chinese artistic traditions reveal strongly classicist tendencies, in which the past—characterized by F. W. Mote as both inexorable and liberating—is the main basis for authority in the present.1 Against this background one can see the originality of Li Gonglin’s paintings, in which his representations of Song practices resonated with references to the Zhou, Han, or Tang periods rather than illustrated ritual ideals of antiquity to claim the authority of classical texts. Akin to this is the notion of an artistic lineage in painting, and treating the master–disciple construct in theoretical treatises as an expression of this tendency yields important perspectives for interpretation. In landscape painting, an artist’s place of origin was significant since geographic experience affected artistic production and hence was usually noted by art critics. The early critics selected originating masters from various localities, to which chains of followers were affiliated, identified by geographic origin and/ or training. These fundamental lineages constituted a frame on which modern scholars have relied for diachronic analyses of developmental sequences—for instance, to clarify the iconography of shared pictorial features or to make conclusions about a period’s style in terms of brushwork and tonality or spatial illusion. In the Chapter 1 example of the tenth-century southern-landscape master Dong Yuan and his follower, the monk Juran, their style(s) accumulated political and sociocultural connotations: Li Cheng’s influence on Juran’s style at the Song court represented the mainstream northern style conjoined with an ancient southern style and symbolized the geographically reunified nation. Mi Fu’s expressed preference for the Dong-Ju manner was contrary to his cohort of — 113 —.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Tenth-Century Painting Before Song Taizong's Reign
    Tenth-Century Painting before Song Taizong’s Reign: A Macrohistorical View Jonathan Hay 1 285 TENT H CENT URY CHINA AND BEYOND 2 longue durée artistic 3 Formats 286 TENT H-CENT URY PAINT ING BEFORE SONG TAIZONG’S R EIGN Tangchao minghua lu 4 5 It 6 287 TENT H CENT URY CHINA AND BEYOND 7 The Handscroll Lady Guoguo on a Spring Outing Ladies Preparing Newly Woven Silk Pasturing Horses Palace Ban- quet Lofty Scholars Female Transcendents in the Lang Gar- 288 TENT H-CENT URY PAINT ING BEFORE SONG TAIZONG’S R EIGN den Nymph of the Luo River8 9 10 Oxen 11 Examining Books 12 13 Along the River at First Snow 14 15 Waiting for the Ferry 16 The Hanging Scroll 17 18 19 289 TENT H CENT URY CHINA AND BEYOND Sparrows and Flowers of the Four Seasons Spring MountainsAutumn Mountains 20 The Feng and Shan 21 tuzhou 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 290 TENT H-CENT URY PAINT ING BEFORE SONG TAIZONG’S R EIGN 29 30 31 32 Blue Magpie and Thorny Shrubs Xiaoyi Stealing the Lanting Scroll 33 291 TENT H CENT URY CHINA AND BEYOND 34 35 36 Screens 37 38 The Lofty Scholar Liang Boluan 39 Autumn Mountains at Dusk 292 TENT H-CENT URY PAINT ING BEFORE SONG TAIZONG’S R EIGN 40Layered Mountains and Dense Forests41 Reading the Stele by Pitted Rocks 42 It has Court Ladies Pinning Flowers in Their Hair 43 44 The Emperor Minghuang’s Journey to Shu River Boats and a Riverside Mansion 45 46 47tuzhang 48 Villagers Celebrating the Dragonboat Festival 49 Travelers in Snow-Covered Mountains and 50 .
    [Show full text]
  • In the Liaoning Provincial Museum. by Contrast, Riverbank Stands Virtu
    133 Summer Mountains (Qi, fig. 3), in the Liaoning Provincial Museum.14 By contrast, Riverbank stands virtu­ Shih Positioning ally alone, and lacks an auxiliary body of works that will support the claim to authorship by Dong Yuan. Riverbank Therefore, even if the above analysis safely locates the painting's date in the tenth century, its authorship still appears uncertain. In attempting a thematic approach in our inquiry into the connection of this work with Dong Yuan, we should not limit ourselves solely to Dong Yuan attributions, but instead must expand our focus to include the larger context of works by Southern Tang court painters. The paintings we have already discussed in connection with the dating of Riverbank, namely, First Snow along the River and The Lofty Scholar Liang Boluan, are both by Southern Tang court painters. They are, as is Riverbank, depictions of scenes oflife in southeast China. Water is depicted in these paintings, but in addition, detailed wave patterns model the river's surface. Lofty Scholar (fig. 6) displays an especially close similarity with Riverbank. Both paintings depict reclusive life in architectural settings within a distinct space along a riverbank, a feature rarely found in early landscape painting from north China. Lofty Scholar places narrative content, the story of Lady Meng Guang and her husband Liang Hong of the Eastern Han, within a landscape setting of fantastic rock formations. 15 Riverbank's rock formations are also fantastic in shape, and similarly lack the smoothness of Wintry Groves and Layered Banks. It is also rich in its depiction of scenes of human activity, featuring such details as a herdboy on a water buffalo heading home, a kitchen where women are preparing food, and the lord of the manor relaxing in a pavilion at the river's edge, accom­ panied by his wife and child.
    [Show full text]
  • Zen As a Creative Agency: Picturing Landscape in China and Japan from the Twelfth to Sixteenth Centuries
    Zen as a Creative Agency: Picturing Landscape in China and Japan from the Twelfth to Sixteenth Centuries by Meng Ying Fan A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of East Asian Studies University of Toronto © Copyright by Meng Ying Fan 2020 Zen as a Creative Agency: Picturing Landscape in China and Japan from the Twelfth to Sixteenth Centuries Meng Ying Fan Master of Arts Department of East Asia Studies University of Toronto 2020 Abstract This essay explores the impact of Chan/Zen on the art of landscape painting in China and Japan via literary/visual materials from the twelfth to sixteenth centuries. By rethinking the aesthetic significance of “Zen painting” beyond the art and literary genres, this essay investigates how the Chan/Zen culture transformed the aesthetic attitudes and technical manifestations of picturing the landscapes, which are related to the philosophical thinking in mind. Furthermore, this essay emphasizes the problems of the “pattern” in Muromachi landscape painting to criticize the arguments made by D.T. Suzuki and his colleagues in the field of Zen and Japanese art culture. Finally, this essay studies the cultural interaction of Zen painting between China and Japan, taking the traveling landscape images of Eight Views of Xiaoxiang by Muqi and Yujian from China to Japan as a case. By comparing the different opinions about the artists in the two regions, this essay decodes the universality and localizations of the images of Chan/Zen. ii Acknowledgements I would like to express my deepest gratefulness to Professor Johanna Liu, my supervisor and mentor, whose expertise in Chinese aesthetics and art theories has led me to pursue my MA in East Asian studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Song Dynasty Traditional Landscape Paintings a Two-Week Lesson Plan Unit (Based on a 55 Min Class Period)
    East Asian Lesson Plans By Rebecca R. Pope 3/7/04 [email protected] China Song Dynasty Traditional Landscape Paintings A two-week lesson plan unit (based on a 55 min class period) Purpose: To expose High School Painting Students (10 –12), to Chinese Culture and Chinese traditional landscape painting 1. How cultural differences affect painting processes? 2. What tools and techniques? 3. How is the painting created and laid out? Rationale: Teach new ideas and art concepts, while reinforcing others, through a Chinese cultural tradition. Materials: 1. Copy of the book, The Way of Chinese Painting: Its Ideas and Techniques. 2. Sze, Mai-Mai. The Way of Chinese Painting: Its Ideas and Techniques. New York, New York. Vintage Books a Division of Random House. 1959. Second Publishing. With selections from the Seventeenth-Century Mustard Seed Garden Manual. 3. Copy of the book Principals of Chinese Painting. Rowley, George. Principals of Chinese Painting. Revised Edition. Princeton, New Jersey. Princeton University Press. 1970. First Paperback Printing. (A more up to date resource could be, how to painting guide book like “Dreaming the Southern Song Landscape: The Power of Illusion in Chinese Painting”, Brill Academic Publishers, Incorporated; or “Poetry and Painting in Song China: The Subtle Art of Dissent”, Harvard University Press. Many more could found on booksellers websites.) 4. A guest speaker who is knowledgeable on contemporary Chinese Culture. (I am fortunate to have a colleague, the school librarian, Karen Wallis, who has had two extensive working trips to China setting up a library.) 5. “KWL” Worksheet- • K -representing what students already know about China and Chinese landscape painting • W- representing what they would like to learn • L- representing what they learned (note taking) 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 469 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Art Studies: Science, Experience, Education (ICASSEE 2020) "Evaluating Painters All Over the Country" Guo Xi and His Landscape Painting Min Ma1,* 1Academy of Arts & Design, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Styled Chunfu, Guo Xi was a native of Wenxian County. In the beginning, he learned from the methods of Li Cheng, yet he was rather good at expressing his own feelings, thus becoming adept at surpassing his master and creating a main school of the royal court landscape painting in the Northern Song Dynasty whose influence had lasted to later ages. Linquan Gaozhi Ji, Guo Xi's well-known theory on landscape painting, was a book emerged after the art of landscape painting in the became highly mature in the Northern Song Dynasty, which was an unprecedented peak in landscape painting and a rich treasure house in the history of landscape painting. Keywords: Guo Xi, Linquan Gaozhi, landscape painting Linquan Gaozhi Ji wrote by Guo Xi and his son I. INTRODUCTION Guo Si in 1080 was a classic book on landscape Great progress had been made in the creation of painting as the art of landscape painting became highly panoramic landscape paintings in China during the mature in the Northern Song Dynasty. The book was Northern Song Dynasty, after the innovations of Jing written in the late Northern Song Dynasty, when the art Hao, Guan Tong, Dong Yuan and Ju Ran, when a of landscape painting in China had already entered a number of influential landscape painters and exquisite relatively mature stage.
    [Show full text]
  • CHINESE ARTISTS Pinyin-Wade-Giles Concordance Wade-Giles Romanization of Artist's Name Dates R Pinyin Romanization of Artist's
    CHINESE ARTISTS Pinyin-Wade-Giles Concordance Wade-Giles Romanization of Artist's name ❍ Dates ❍ Pinyin Romanization of Artist's name Artists are listed alphabetically by Wade-Giles. This list is not comprehensive; it reflects the catalogue of visual resource materials offered by AAPD. Searches are possible in either form of Romanization. To search for a specific artist, use the find mode (under Edit) from the pull-down menu. Lady Ai-lien ❍ (late 19th c.) ❍ Lady Ailian Cha Shih-piao ❍ (1615-1698) ❍ Zha Shibiao Chai Ta-K'un ❍ (d.1804) ❍ Zhai Dakun Chan Ching-feng ❍ (1520-1602) ❍ Zhan Jingfeng Chang Feng ❍ (active ca.1636-1662) ❍ Zhang Feng Chang Feng-i ❍ (1527-1613) ❍ Zhang Fengyi Chang Fu ❍ (1546-1631) ❍ Zhang Fu Chang Jui-t'u ❍ (1570-1641) ❍ Zhang Ruitu Chang Jo-ai ❍ (1713-1746) ❍ Zhang Ruoai Chang Jo-ch'eng ❍ (1722-1770) ❍ Zhang Ruocheng Chang Ning ❍ (1427-ca.1495) ❍ Zhang Ning Chang P'ei-tun ❍ (1772-1842) ❍ Zhang Peitun Chang Pi ❍ (1425-1487) ❍ Zhang Bi Chang Ta-ch'ien [Chang Dai-chien] ❍ (1899-1983) ❍ Zhang Daqian Chang Tao-wu ❍ (active late 18th c.) ❍ Zhang Daowu Chang Wu ❍ (active ca.1360) ❍ Zhang Wu Chang Yü [Chang T'ien-yu] ❍ (1283-1350, Yüan Dynasty) ❍ Zhang Yu [Zhang Tianyu] Chang Yü ❍ (1333-1385, Yüan Dynasty) ❍ Zhang Yu Chang Yu ❍ (active 15th c., Ming Dynasty) ❍ Zhang You Chang Yü-ts'ai ❍ (died 1316) ❍ Zhang Yucai Chao Chung ❍ (active 2nd half 14th c.) ❍ Zhao Zhong Chao Kuang-fu ❍ (active ca. 960-975) ❍ Zhao Guangfu Chao Ch'i ❍ (active ca.1488-1505) ❍ Zhao Qi Chao Lin ❍ (14th century) ❍ Zhao Lin Chao Ling-jang [Chao Ta-nien] ❍ (active ca.
    [Show full text]
  • The Poetic Ideas Scroll Attributed to Mi Youren and Sima Huai*
    The Poetic Ideas Scroll Attributed to Mi Youren and Sima Huai │ 85 The Poetic Ideas Scroll paintings extant, is one of the best represented painters of the Song dynasty.1Moreover, especially in the eyes of later admirers, his paintings share a uniform subject and style: Attributed to Mi Youren and Sima Huai* cloudy landscapes (yunshan 雲山) rendered largely with blunt strokes, repetitive dots, and wet ink tones. In contrast, Sima Huai is essentially an unknown figure—so unknown, in Peter C. Sturman University of California, Santa Barbara fact, that even his given name, Huai, is not unequivocally established. Poetic Ideas is composed of two separate paintings, neither of which is signed or imprinted with an artist’s seal. Both are landscapes, though of different types: the first Abstract: (unrolling from right to left) presents a scene of distant mountains by a river with dwellings From the time it came to the attention of scholars and connoisseurs in the late Ming dynasty, the and figures (color plate 8)—I refer to this as“the riverside landscape.” The latter is a “small Poetic Ideas scroll attributed to Mi Youren (1074–1151) and Sima Huai (!. twel"h century) has scene” (xiaojing 小景) of more focused perspective, presenting a pair of twisted trees ’ long been considered an important example of Song dynasty literati painting. #e scroll s two backed by a large cliff and a quickly moving stream that empties from a ravine (color plate 9) paintings, each of which is preceded by single poetic lines by Du Fu, o$er a rare window into —I refer to this as “the entwined trees landscape.” The images complement one another the inventive manner in which Song scholar-o%cial painters combined texts with images.
    [Show full text]
  • The Donkey Rider As Icon: Li Cheng and Early Chinese Landscape Painting Author(S): Peter C
    The Donkey Rider as Icon: Li Cheng and Early Chinese Landscape Painting Author(s): Peter C. Sturman Source: Artibus Asiae, Vol. 55, No. 1/2 (1995), pp. 43-97 Published by: Artibus Asiae Publishers Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3249762 . Accessed: 05/08/2011 12:40 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Artibus Asiae Publishers is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Artibus Asiae. http://www.jstor.org PETER C. STURMAN THE DONKEY RIDER AS ICON: LI CHENG AND EARLY CHINESE LANDSCAPE PAINTING* he countryis broken,mountains and rivers With thesefamous words that lamentthe "T remain."'I 1T catastropheof the An LushanRebellion, the poet Du Fu (712-70) reflectedupon a fundamental principle in China:dynasties may come and go, but landscapeis eternal.It is a principleaffirmed with remarkablepower in the paintingsthat emergedfrom the rubbleof Du Fu'sdynasty some two hundredyears later. I speakof the magnificentscrolls of the tenth and eleventhcenturies belonging to the relativelytightly circumscribedtradition from Jing Hao (activeca. 875-925)to Guo Xi (ca. Ooo-9go)known todayas monumentallandscape painting. The landscapeis presentedas timeless. We lose ourselvesin the believabilityof its images,accept them as less the productof humanminds and handsthan as the recordof a greatertruth.
    [Show full text]
  • Art As History: Calligraphy and Painting As
    © Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. List of Illustrations Illustrations are indexed according to three categories: Sculpture and Reliefs; Calligraphy; and Painting and Graphic Illustrations. These categories are further subdivided by Archaeological and Temple Sites and then by Artist. sculpture and reliefs archaeological and temple sites Binglingsi, Yongjing, Gansu province. Buddha from Cave 169, dated 420. Sculpture and wall painting. 123 Liu Sheng, tomb of, 2nd century bce. Mancheng, Hebei province. Censer in the Form of a Cosmic Mountain. Bronze with gold. Hebei Provincial Museum. 71 Longmen, Luoyang, Henan province Plinth of circumambulating monks, Kanjing Si, early 7th century. Limestone. 225 Seated Buddha from Guyang Cave, ca. 500. Limestone. 223 Seated Buddha with attendants, 680. View of the main wall in Wanfodong. 157 Vairocana Buddha, Fengxian Si, dated 675. Limestone. 153 Longxing Monastery, Northern Qi, 6th century. Qingzhou, Shandong province. Śākyamuni Buddha. Stone with traces of gilt and polychrome pigments. Qingzhou Municipal Museum, Shandong. 85 Loulan, Xinjiang province. Manuscript, early 4th century. Ink on paper. 27 Qinshihuangdi, tomb of. Xi’an, Shaanxi province. Qin dynasty, 3rd century bce. General. Terracotta. Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses. 125 Ruruta in the Austral Isles, Polynesia. The Fractal God, A’a, before 1821. Wood. The British Museum. 33 Tianlongshan, Taiyuan, Shanxi province. Buddha, 8th century. West niche of Cave 16. Stone. 159 Wanfo Si, Chengdu, Sichuan province Buddha, dated 529. Stone. Sichuan Provincial Museum. 145 Buddha, dated 537. Stone.
    [Show full text]
  • Wen Zhengming Wintry Trees
    Wen Zhengming (1470-1559) Wintry Trees 1543 British Museum Medium: Hanging scroll, ink on paper Size: 90.5cm high x 31cm width unmounted Location: made in Suzhou, S.E. China now in the British Museum ART HISTORICAL TERMS AND CONCEPTS Subject matter: Chinese scroll painting had a high status, particularly when the subject was landscape. “China had a highly literate society that greatly valued poetry and brush-written calligraphy, which, along with painting, were called the Three Perfections, reflecting the esteemed position of the arts in Chinese life.” 1 “Landscape painting is traditionally at the top of the hierarchy of Chinese painting styles. It is very popular and is associated with refined scholarly taste. The Chinese term for 1 https://smarthistory.org/imperial-china-an-introduction/ Art History in Schools CIO | Registered Charity No. 1164651 |www.arthistoryinschools.org.uk “landscape” is made up of two characters meaning “mountains and water.” It is linked with the philosophy of Daoism, which emphasizes harmony with the natural world… Chinese artists do not usually paint real places but imaginary, idealized landscapes. The Chinese phrase ‘woyou’ expresses this idea of “wandering while lying down.” 2 The subject of the scroll, a landscape with bare trees in winter shows a stream meandering through a grove of trees without human presence. The latter is unusual. The calligraphic inscriptions in Chinese on the image are highly valued and Craig Clunas explains they are both the “best index of the personality of the artist” and of his “moral character”. 3 The inscription top left is explained by the British Museum as “The painter's inscription explains that he made the painting for a Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Wu Zhen's Poetic Inscriptions on Paintings1 -  School of Oriental and African Studies
    Wu Zhen's poetic inscriptions on paintings1 - School of Oriental and African Studies Introduction Wu Zhen (1280–1354), style name Zhonggui, also called himself Meihua Daoren (Plum Blossom Daoist Priest), Mei Shami (Plum Priest) and Meihua Heshang (Plum Blossom Priest). He came from Weitang, now known as Chengguan, in Zhejiang Province. Along with Huang Gongwang (1269–1354), Ni Zan (1301–74), and Wang Meng (1308–85), he is known as one of the ‘Four Great Painters of the Yuan Dynasty’.2 Wu Zhen was also one of the leading figures of Chinese literati painting at the height of its popularity. When painting landscapes, or bamboo and rocks, he would usually inscribe his works with poems, and his contemporaries praised his perfection in poetry, calligraphy and painting, or the phenomenon of sanjue, ‘the three perfections’.3 Research to date has concentrated on Wu Zhen's paintings,4 but his poetic inscriptions have been relatively neglected. This article seeks to redress the balance by focusing on Wu Zhen's poetic inscriptions on paintings, both his own and those of past masters, and argues that inscriptions and colophons are an essential key to understanding literati art. Wu Zhen's family background is difficult to ascertain, since only very limited accounts of his life can be found in Yuan period sources.5 Sun Zuo (active mid to late fourteenth century)mentions Wu Zhen's residential neigh- bourhood, painting skills and character, without going into any depth.6 After the mid-Ming period, legends about Wu Zhen developed, and these provide us with some useful material.
    [Show full text]
  • Li Huayi, Past and Present by Dr. Michael J Knight Deputy Director of Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
    Li Huayi, Past and Present By Dr. Michael J Knight Deputy director of Asian Art Museum of San Francisco As an artist from a culture with a strong and unique artistic tradition who wishes to be respected on the stage of international contemporary art, Li Huayi faces a number of questions, contradictions, and conflicts. How can he be relevant (and marketable) within an international contemporary art movement which has its foundations in the West and yet work with techniques and subject matter that are unique to his own culture? How can he work with techniques and explore subjects that are based on a centuries old tradition that is foreign to the contemporary idiom and yet be considered contemporary? How can he live and be successful in the West and yet maintain a connection and identity with his native culture? Li Huayi has been faced with these conflicts and contradictions his entire life. The grandson of a comprador to a major Swiss company, Li Huayi was born in Shanghai in 1948, the year the system of wealth and privilege his family had enjoyed came to an end. Over the following decades his father was relocated to Qinghai, the family fortune largely dispersed, and he himself came under regular scrutiny. However, he was able to remain in Shanghai and to pursue studies in art. Li Huayi began to study painting in 1954 at the age of six with Wang Jimei, son of the famed artist and philanthropist Wang Zhen (Wang Yiting, 1867 - 1938). He displayed talent in the traditional 'big brush' styles of the Shanghai school and was considered somewhat of a child prodigy.
    [Show full text]