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TulalipCares.org Tulalip Charitable Contributions Funds Distribution Report NAME OF AGENCY: The Literacy Fund, a component of The Seattle Foundation and Newspapers In Education (NIE) ADDRESS: 1000 Denny Way, Seattle, WA 98109 CONTACT: (206) 652-6342; http://www.seattletimes.com/nie GENERAL GOALS: Newspapers In Education (NIE) promotes learning and literacy by providing electronic newspapers with sponsored curriculum to teachers and students throughout Washington state and beyond. SPECIFIC USE FOR THIS AWARD: Through contributions from organizations such as yours we are able to provide educational materials to nearly 1,000 educators and over 40,000 students throughout Washington State and beyond. We look forward to a continued relationship with the Tulalip Tribes Charitable Fund. For more information, please see the attached report from Newspapers In Education. disclaimer: These reports are at times summaries of content provided by the recipient, not always complete quoted material. SINCE TIME IMMEMORIAL: TRIBAL SOVEREIGNTY IN WASHINGTON STATE In partnership with Images courtesy of (top left) Denny Hurtado, (middle left, top right and bottom left) washingtontribes.org, (bottom middle) Suquamish Tribe Communications Office, (bottom right) Denny Hurtado. TRIBAL HOMELANDS AND THE FIRST NATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA by Carol Craig, Yakama and Shana Brown, Yakama descendant If you were born and raised in They are the Suquamish and they wanted one town or city, then you might Snoqualmie, the Spokane and to travel know it as your ‘homeland.’ the Skokomish. There are many to another You might consider this your other tribes here in Washington tribal nation. ‘homeland’ because it is where state and each is a separate However, there your school is, where your friends nation. Their nations may be were rules are, and where family works much smaller than the United for entering and plays. States, but still they have another’s their sovereign lands and the homeland that And your family might call the responsibility to take care of the everyone was other countries where your land and its people. expected to ancestors came from your follow and homelands, too. A long time ago, probably respect. when your great- great- great- This is closer to what tribal great-grandparents were alive, When non- people consider their homelands, people traveled to this continent Indian people United States Constitution calls but there are still differences that and knew there were other got to the Northwest, they treaties “the supreme law of the make tribal homelands different people already living here. wanted to be able to live on land.” from other the tribal homelands of these cultures’. nations, so they made promises Tribal people gave up large Here, you and agreements with many of the parts of their original homelands will learn tribes. The written agreements, in the agreements, but they about these known as treaties, had everyone’s wanted to continue to fish, differences. signature on them to prove hunt and gather their foods that they all agreed. For on the original homelands We might given to them by The Creator. think of a example, in exchange for millions of acres of land, local Everyone agreed that tribes nation as could continue their traditional being a lot tribes received promises of education, healthcare and other fishing, hunting and gathering on bigger and their original homelands, even maybe far things that the U.S. Government would provide forever. These if it was off their newly-created across the reservations. Everyone accepted sea. Each lands, much smaller than their original homelands, and in that tribes could continue the nation has traditions they had kept since different some cases, far away from their original homelands, are known as time immemorial, or since the languages, beginning of time. religions, customs and holidays The newcomers did not realize reservations. at first that the indigenous tribes Sponsored Newspapers In Education Content In Education Newspapers Sponsored from our own. Some people Whenever the United States These treaties also said the find it hard to believe that such had societies just as organized tribal people could continue as their own. There were more signs a treaty with another nations are right here in the nation, like England, Russia or speaking their own language, United States, but they are here. than 34 different language keep their own religions, keep groups in the Northwest. Each the Muckleshoot, the treaty In what is now called Washington becomes the law that tells the their traditions and cultures and state, there are over 29 federally tribe had its own homeland and continue using their own tribal borders, so each also had its nations how to treat each other. recognized Indian tribes or Any other laws they make cannot laws. nations, each with its own own government, laws, religion, economy and traditions. Tribes break any of the promises that Today we know this as tribal government, citizens, laws and were made in the treaties. The traditions. did not have passports when sovereignty, and it allows SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 2015 | 8, 2015 NOVEMBER SUNDAY, 2 CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 6. When tribes agreed to move to smaller 1. What makes tribal homelands different reservations, they (circle one) kept/gave from your own community, town, or city? up their rights to hunt, fish, and gather on traditional hunting, fishing and gathering grounds that were off their 2. Treaties are the most important, or reservations. , law of the land, according to the U.S. Constitution. 7. List the tribe(s) that live in your area: 3. Tribes are guaranteed , , or the ability to make their own laws, for their own governments, and 8. True or False: practice their own traditions and lifeways. The United States deals with tribes in Washington state much like they 4. Tribes gave up a lot of their homelands do with any foreign country. so that non-Indians could live here, too. Now, most tribal homelands are on . 5. Tribes believe they were created here and have been here since the beginning of time, or since , Answers are available at http://nie.seattletimes.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/12/2015/11/ . SinceTimeImmemorialpages2-3answerkey_11-08-15_guide.pdf Sponsored Newspapers In Education Content Content In Education Newspapers Sponsored today’s tribal people the ability call God) gave them this land While tribes may call this sacred different tribes. In fact, Seattle to continue their lifeways, or to live on, they also believe responsibility and trust different has the largest population of to live the way they want to. that The Creator’s gift comes things, the belief is the same: Indian people in the state! Tribal This might seem much like with their sacred promise and Tribes need to make sure that people who live in big cities work how your family lives in your responsibility to take care of the their natural resources are not to create their own communities own community, but there is land, its resources, and all its just here for them today, but for to keep their traditions alive, just an important difference. Since creatures. Some plateau tribes, their great- great- great- great like the many Asian and Pacific tribal people believe that The like the Umatilla, call this their grandchildren, too. That means Islanders who live in Seattle’s Creator (who many people covenant with The Creator. tribal people are looking 140 or International District. more years into the future when making decisions on how to The tribal nations themselves care for their people and their also have their own museums homelands today! and organizations to educate | everyone--Indians and non- 8, 2015 NOVEMBER SUNDAY, But just like not all Canadians Indians-- about their traditions, live in Canada, and not all governments and hopes for their Chinese live in China, there are futures. Find the tribes in your many tribal people who choose area and discover their history, to live off their reservations. traditions, and how their tribal For example, living in the large sovereignty affects everyone in cities of Spokane and Seattle are Washington state... even you! many tribal people from many 3 THE RIGHT TO FISH IN WASHINGTON You’ve learned about tribal sovereignty and the importance of tribes’ rights to continue their life ways. One area in which tribal sovereignty has been challenged is fishing. The supply of fish, like the supply of land in Washington, is limited. Since the treaties of the 1850s, there has been a history of disputes over fishing rights between the tribes and the settlers. Review the key events leading up to the significant Boldt Decision of 1974. 1850s The U.S government made example, territory ceded by the 1968 President Lyndon Baines treaties with tribes of the Pacific three tribes. Fish wheels Johnson passed the Indian Civil Rights Northwest. Tribes granted the U.S. salmon were later banned Act, similar to the Bill of Rights in the government land while retaining canneries in Oregon in 1926 United States Constitution. The Indian certain rights like hunting, fishing, and were and Washington in Civil Rights Act, among other laws, gathering in their usual and accustomed established 1934 causing Seufert ensured that tribal governments respect stations. However, the language barriers in Puget Brothers Company to the basic, personal rights of both between the tribes and the non-natives Sound. seek fishing assistance Natives and non-Natives. were as such that the tribes were from tribal members. put at a disadvantage. The Treaty of 1905 Settlers Lineas and Audobon However, the amount 1970–1974 Following an arrest of Medicine Creek in 1854, for example, Winans who owned property on both of money the Seufert 60 people at a Tacoma fish-in, the was deemed so unfair that President sides of Columbia River acquired Brothers Company paid tribal members landmark trial of U.S.