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Levi-Civita,Tullio Francesco Dell’Isola, Emilio Barchiesi, Luca Placidi
Levi-Civita,Tullio Francesco Dell’Isola, Emilio Barchiesi, Luca Placidi To cite this version: Francesco Dell’Isola, Emilio Barchiesi, Luca Placidi. Levi-Civita,Tullio. Encyclopedia of Continuum Mechanics, 2019, 11 p. hal-02099661 HAL Id: hal-02099661 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02099661 Submitted on 15 Apr 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 2 Levi-Civita, Tullio dating back to the fourteenth century. Giacomo the publication of one of his best known results Levi-Civita had also been a counselor of the in the field of analytical mechanics. We refer to municipality of Padua from 1877, the mayor of the Memoir “On the transformations of dynamic Padua between 1904 and 1910, and a senator equations” which, due to the importance of the of the Kingdom of Italy since 1908. A bust of results and the originality of the proceedings, as him by the Paduan sculptor Augusto Sanavio well as to its possible further developments, has has been placed in the council chamber of the remained a classical paper. In 1897, being only municipality of Padua after his death. According 24, Levi-Civita became in Padua full professor to Ugo Amaldi, Tullio Levi-Civita drew from in rational mechanics, a discipline to which he his father firmness of character, tenacity, and his made important scientific original contributions. -
The Project Gutenberg Ebook #31061: a History of Mathematics
The Project Gutenberg EBook of A History of Mathematics, by Florian Cajori This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: A History of Mathematics Author: Florian Cajori Release Date: January 24, 2010 [EBook #31061] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS *** Produced by Andrew D. Hwang, Peter Vachuska, Carl Hudkins and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net transcriber's note Figures may have been moved with respect to the surrounding text. Minor typographical corrections and presentational changes have been made without comment. This PDF file is formatted for screen viewing, but may be easily formatted for printing. Please consult the preamble of the LATEX source file for instructions. A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS BY FLORIAN CAJORI, Ph.D. Formerly Professor of Applied Mathematics in the Tulane University of Louisiana; now Professor of Physics in Colorado College \I am sure that no subject loses more than mathematics by any attempt to dissociate it from its history."|J. W. L. Glaisher New York THE MACMILLAN COMPANY LONDON: MACMILLAN & CO., Ltd. 1909 All rights reserved Copyright, 1893, By MACMILLAN AND CO. Set up and electrotyped January, 1894. Reprinted March, 1895; October, 1897; November, 1901; January, 1906; July, 1909. Norwood Pre&: J. S. Cushing & Co.|Berwick & Smith. -
Writing the History of the Exact Sciences in Nineteenth-Century Rome
ORE Open Research Exeter TITLE For science and for the Pope-king: writing the history of the exact sciences in nineteenth-century Rome AUTHORS Mazzotti, Massimo JOURNAL The British Journal for the History of Science DEPOSITED IN ORE 01 August 2008 This version available at http://hdl.handle.net/10036/33812 COPYRIGHT AND REUSE Open Research Exeter makes this work available in accordance with publisher policies. A NOTE ON VERSIONS The version presented here may differ from the published version. If citing, you are advised to consult the published version for pagination, volume/issue and date of publication BJHS, 2000, 33, 257–282 For science and for the Pope-king: writing the history of the exact sciences in nineteenth-century Rome MASSIMO MAZZOTTI* Abstract. This paper analyses the contents and the style of the Bullettino di bibliografia e di storia delle scienze matematiche e fisiche (1868–1887), the first journal entirely devoted to the history of mathematics. It is argued that its innovative and controversial methodological approach cannot be properly understood without considering the cultural conditions in which the journal was conceived and realized. The style of the Bullettino was far from being the mere outcome of the eccentric personality of its editor, Prince Baldassarre Boncompagni. Rather, it reflected in many ways, at the level of historiography of science, the struggle of the official Roman Catholic culture against the growing secularization of knowledge and society. While history of mathematics was a well-established discipline by the mid-nineteenth century, no periodical which was entirely devoted to such a discipline existed until 1868. -
At the Origins and in the Vanguard of Peri-Dynamics, Non-Local And
At the origins and in the vanguard of peri-dynamics, non-local and higher gradient continuum mechanics. An underestimated and still topical contribution of Gabrio Piola by Francesco dell’Isola, Ugo Andreaus and Luca Placidi Gabrio Piola’s scientific papers have been underestimated in the mathematical-physics litera- ture. Indeed a careful reading of them proves that they are original, deep and far reaching. Actually -even if his contribution to mechanical sciences is not completely ignored- one can undoubtedly say that the greatest part of his novel contributions to mechanics, although having provided a great impetus and substantial influence on the work of many preminent mechanicians, is in fact generally ignored. It has to be remarked that authors [10] dedicated many efforts to the aim of unveiling the true value of Gabrio Piola as a scientist; however, some deep parts of his scientific results remain not yet sufficiently illustrated. Our aim is to prove that non-local and higher gradient continuum mechanics was conceived already in Piola’s works and to try to explain the reasons of the unfortu- nate circumstance which caused the erasure of the memory of this aspect of Piola’s contribution. Some relevant differential relationships obtained in Piola [Piola, 1845-6] are carefully discussed, as they are still nowadays too often ignored in the continuum mechanics literature and can be considered the starting point of Levi-Civita’s theory of Connection for Riemannian manifolds. arXiv:1310.5599v1 [math.HO] 16 Oct 2013 1 Introduction Piola’s contribution to the mechanical sciences is not completely ignored: indeed his contribution to the formulation of balance equations of force in Lagrangian description is universally recognized (when and how this first re-discovery of Piola occurred will be the object of another investigation). -
Mathematics, Faith and Politics During the Italian Risorgimento Snapshot Two – Mutual Goals and Collaboration
Mathematics, Faith and Politics during the Italian Risorgimento Snapshot Two – Mutual Goals and Collaboration Introduction In the previous snapshot from early nineteenth century Naples we examined controversies between the Fergola’s synthetic school of the geometry and that of analytics who focused on the mathematization of science. While the debate was framed in terms of the right way to do geometry, in actuality these disagreements were a direct result of changes occurring in Neapolitan society during the French occupation and subsequent Restoration period, in which the Bourbon monarchy was returned to power. Our second snapshot looks at mid-nineteenth century Italy and the collaborative efforts of Italian mathematicians from different religious and political persuasions to establish an Italian school of mathematics, which would rival those of France, Germany and England. Snapshot Two: Mutual Goals and Collaboration The early to mid-nineteenth century in Italy is often referred to as the Risorgimento, a national rebirth of Italy with broad cultural, social, and economic revival. Politically its themes were independence from foreign rulers, unification of the Italian peninsula and liberty for its citizens. It was also a time of a rebirth of Italian mathematics. While many reforms enacted by the French were put on hold with the Congress of Vienna’s establishment of Restoration governments, movements within the scientific community, including annual scientific congresses, a proliferation of general disciplinary journals and a gathering of statistical information, all helped develop a sense of an Italian scientific community. The scientific congresses were especially significant as they provided one of the first opportunities for scientists from across the different Italian regions to meet each other, to exchange ideas, and to debate both scientific and political ideas. -
Continuum Mechanics Through the Ages - from the Renaissance to the Twentieth Century from Hydraulics to Plasticity Solid Mechanics and Its Applications
Solid Mechanics and Its Applications Gérard A. Maugin Continuum Mechanics through the Ages - From the Renaissance to the Twentieth Century From Hydraulics to Plasticity Solid Mechanics and Its Applications Volume 223 Series editors J.R. Barber, Ann Arbor, USA Anders Klarbring, Linköping, Sweden Founding Editor G.M.L. Gladwell, Waterloo, ON, Canada Aims and Scope of the Series The fundamental questions arising in mechanics are: Why?, How?, and How much? The aim of this series is to provide lucid accounts written by authoritative researchers giving vision and insight in answering these questions on the subject of mechanics as it relates to solids. The scope of the series covers the entire spectrum of solid mechanics. Thus it includes the foundation of mechanics; variational formulations; computational mechanics; statics, kinematics and dynamics of rigid and elastic bodies: vibrations of solids and structures; dynamical systems and chaos; the theories of elasticity, plasticity and viscoelasticity; composite materials; rods, beams, shells and membranes; structural control and stability; soils, rocks and geomechanics; fracture; tribology; experimental mechanics; biomechanics and machine design. The median level of presentation is to the first year graduate student. Some texts are monographs defining the current state of the field; others are accessible to final year undergraduates; but essentially the emphasis is on readability and clarity. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/6557 Gérard A. Maugin Continuum Mechanics -
Christian Epistemology of Gabrio Piola. the Lettere Di Evasio a Uranio
Christian Epistemology of Gabrio Piola. The Lettere di Evasio a Uranio Danilo Capecchi ‒ Università di Roma La Sapienza ‒ danilo.capecchi@uniro ma1.it Abstract: During the restoration of the Ancient Regime, in the first half of the 19th century in Italy, mathematicians who professed an epistemology in keeping with Catholic orthodoxy could raise their voice thanks to the exist- ing conservative atmosphere. For some of them the adherence to Catholi- cism also meant the rejection of new mathematical developments achieved in the revolutionary France, also due to mathematicians all but revolution- ary like Cauchy and Saint Venant, by favoring the geometric approach on the analytical one. Gabrio Piola did not belong to this category but looked forward albeit cautiously to the international scene. In the present paper fo- cus is addressed on epistemology of Piola as it is reported in his most sig- nificant writing on the subjest, the Lettere di Evasio a Uranio. Keywords: Mathematical physics, epistemology, apologetic writings, religion. 1. Introduction Gabrio Piola Daverio (1794-1850) was born in Milan, in a rich and noble family; first educated at home, then attended a local high school. He soon showed excellent attitudes toward mathematics and physics, perfected at the University of Pavia as a pupil of Vin- cenzo Brunacci (1768-1818). Piola obtained the degree in mathematics in 1816 and in 1818 edited the Elementi di geometria e algebra by Brunacci (1809). In 1820 he was ap- pointed as learner of the “Specola” of Brera, publishing Sulla teorica dei cannocchiali (1820). In 1824 he participated in the competition announced in 1822 by the “Royal Insti- tute” of Lombardy on the analytical mechanics of Lagrange, winning it with a long article on the applications of Lagrangian mechanics, Sull’applicazione de’ principj della mec- canica analitica del Lagrange ai principali problemi. -
Continuum Mechanics Through the Twentieth Century a Concise Historical Perspective Solid Mechanics and Its Applications
Solid Mechanics and Its Applications Series Editor: G.M.L. Gladwell Gérard A. Maugin Continuum Mechanics Through the Twentieth Century A Concise Historical Perspective Solid Mechanics and Its Applications Volume 196 Series Editor G. M. L. Gladwell Department of Civil Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON Canada For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/6557 Aims and Scope of the Series The fundamental questions arising in mechanics are: Why?, How?, and How much? The aim of this series is to provide lucid accounts written by authoritative researchers giving vision and insight in answering these questions on the subject of mechanics as it relates to solids. The scope of the series covers the entire spectrum of solid mechanics. Thus it includes the foundation of mechanics; variational formulations; computational mechanics; statics, kinematics and dynamics of rigid and elastic bodies: vibrations of solids and structures; dynamical systems and chaos; the theories of elasticity, plasticity and viscoelasticity; composite materials; rods, beams, shells and membranes; structural control and stability; soils, rocks and geomechanics; fracture; tribology; experimental mechanics; biomechanics and machine design. The median level of presentation is the first year graduate student. Some texts are monographs defining the current state of the field; others are accessible to final year undergraduates; but essentially the emphasis is on readability and clarity. Gérard A. Maugin Continuum Mechanics Through the Twentieth Century A Concise Historical Perspective 123 Gérard A. Maugin Institut Jean Le Rond d’Alembert Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris Cedex 05 France ISSN 0925-0042 ISBN 978-94-007-6352-4 ISBN 978-94-007-6353-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-6353-1 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013931199 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013 This work is subject to copyright. -
The Project Gutenberg Ebook #31246
The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Short Account of the History of Mathematics, by W. W. Rouse Ball This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: A Short Account of the History of Mathematics Author: W. W. Rouse Ball Release Date: May 28, 2010 [EBook #31246] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MATHEMATICS *** A SHORT ACCOUNT OF THE HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS BY W. W. ROUSE BALL FELLOW OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE DOVER PUBLICATIONS, INC. NEW YORK This new Dover edition, first published in 1960, is an unabridged and unaltered republication of the author's last revision|the fourth edition which appeared in 1908. International Standard Book Number: 0-486-20630-0 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 60-3187 Manufactured in the United States of America Dover Publications, Inc. 180 Varick Street New York, N. Y. 10014 Produced by Greg Lindahl, Viv, Juliet Sutherland, Nigel Blower and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Transcriber's Notes A small number of minor typographical errors and inconsistencies have been corrected. References to figures such as \on the next page" have been re- placed with text such as \below" which is more suited to an eBook. Such changes are documented in the LATEX source: %[**TN: text of note] PREFACE. The subject-matter of this book is a historical summary of the development of mathematics, illustrated by the lives and discoveries of those to whom the progress of the science is mainly due. -
At the Origins and in the Vanguard of Peri-Dynamics, Non-Local and Higher Gradient Continuum Mechanics. an Underestimated and St
At the origins and in the vanguard of peri-dynamics, non-local and higher gradient continuum mechanics. An underestimated and still topical contribution of Gabrio Piola Francesco Dell’Isola, Ugo Andreaus, Luca Placidi To cite this version: Francesco Dell’Isola, Ugo Andreaus, Luca Placidi. At the origins and in the vanguard of peri-dynamics, non-local and higher gradient continuum mechanics. An underestimated and still topical contribution of Gabrio Piola. 2013. hal-00869677v1 HAL Id: hal-00869677 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00869677v1 Preprint submitted on 3 Oct 2013 (v1), last revised 27 May 2016 (v2) HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. At the origins and in the vanguard of peri-dynamics, non-local and higher gradient continuum mechanics. An underestimated and still topical contribution of Gabrio Piola by Francesco dell'Isola, Ugo Andreaus and Luca Placidi Gabrio Piola's scientific papers have been underestimated in the mathematical-physics litera- ture. Indeed a careful reading of them proves that they are original, deep and far reaching. Actually -even if his contribution to mechanical sciences is not completely ignored- one can undoubtedly say that the greatest part of his novel contributions to mechanics, although having provided a great impetus and substantial influence on the work of many preminent mechanicians, is in fact generally ignored.