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Branches of the Bank of England
BRANCHES OF THE BANK OF ENGLAND Origin of Soon after the foundation end of the year seventy-three of the more the branches of the Bank of England in important banks in England and Wales had 1694, an anonymous writer on financial matters suspended payment. suggested that the Bank should establish In January 1826, with bank failures and branches which would be able to remit"multi commercial bankruptcies still continuing, the tudes of sums, great and small, to and from Court of Directors appointed a Committee to place to place ...without charges of carriage or consider and report "how far it may be dangers of Robberie" (Proposals for National practicable to establish branch banks ". Banks, 1696). The theme was taken up again Although the Committee were primarily con in 1721 by a pamphleteer who advocated the cerned to prevent a recurrence of the difficulties opening of branches "in the trading places of the previous year, they clearly did not over of the nation" whose managers would have look commercial considerations. Perhaps it authority "to lend a little". Such advice was because the latter issue, at least, was met with little response. Apart from introducing reasonably clear-cut that the Committee were Bank Post Bills(a) in 1724, in an attempt to able to report in only a week that they favoured reduce the risks to the mails of highway rob t e setting up of branches which, they con b ry, the Bank were little concerned during the � � SIdered, would greatly increase the Bank's own eIghteenth century with developments in the note circulation, would give the Bank greater financial system outside London and indeed control over the whole paper circulation, and were then frequently referred to as the ' Bank would protect the Bank against competition if of London '. -
Trends in Stroke Mortality in Greater London and South East England
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 1997;51:121-126 121 Trends in stroke mortality in Greater London J Epidemiol Community Health: first published as 10.1136/jech.51.2.121 on 1 April 1997. Downloaded from and south east England-evidence for a cohort effect? Ravi Maheswaran, David P Strachan, Paul Elliott, Martin J Shipley Abstract to London to work in the domestic services Objective and setting - To examine time where they generally had a nutritious diet. A trends in stroke mortality in Greater Lon- study of proportional mortality from stroke don compared with the surrounding South suggested that persons born in London retained East Region of England. their lower risk of stroke when they moved Design - Age-cohort analysis based on elsewhere,3 but another study which used routine mortality data. standardised mortality ratios suggested the op- Subjects - Resident population aged 45 posite - people who moved to London acquired years or more. a lower risk of fatal stroke.4 Main outcome measure - Age specific While standardised mortality ratios for stroke stroke mortality rates, 1951-92. for all ages in Greater London are low, Health Main results - In 1951, stroke mortality of the Nation indicators for district health au- was lower in Greater London than the sur- thorities suggest that stroke mortality for rounding South East Region in all age Greater London relative to other areas may bands over 45. It has been declining in vary with age.5 both areas but the rate ofdecline has been The aim of this study was to examine time significantly slower in Greater London trends for stroke mortality in Greater London (p<0.0001). -
The Role and Importance of the Welsh Language in Wales's Cultural Independence Within the United Kingdom
The role and importance of the Welsh language in Wales’s cultural independence within the United Kingdom Sylvain Scaglia To cite this version: Sylvain Scaglia. The role and importance of the Welsh language in Wales’s cultural independence within the United Kingdom. Linguistics. 2012. dumas-00719099 HAL Id: dumas-00719099 https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-00719099 Submitted on 19 Jul 2012 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. UNIVERSITE DU SUD TOULON-VAR FACULTE DES LETTRES ET SCIENCES HUMAINES MASTER RECHERCHE : CIVILISATIONS CONTEMPORAINES ET COMPAREES ANNÉE 2011-2012, 1ère SESSION The role and importance of the Welsh language in Wales’s cultural independence within the United Kingdom Sylvain SCAGLIA Under the direction of Professor Gilles Leydier Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................. 1 WALES: NOT AN INDEPENDENT STATE, BUT AN INDEPENDENT NATION ........................................................ -
Transport with So Many Ways to Get to and Around London, Doing Business Here Has Never Been Easier
Transport With so many ways to get to and around London, doing business here has never been easier First Capital Connect runs up to four trains an hour to Blackfriars/London Bridge. Fares from £8.90 single; journey time 35 mins. firstcapitalconnect.co.uk To London by coach There is an hourly coach service to Victoria Coach Station run by National Express Airport. Fares from £7.30 single; journey time 1 hour 20 mins. nationalexpress.com London Heathrow Airport T: +44 (0)844 335 1801 baa.com To London by Tube The Piccadilly line connects all five terminals with central London. Fares from £4 single (from £2.20 with an Oyster card); journey time about an hour. tfl.gov.uk/tube To London by rail The Heathrow Express runs four non- Greater London & airport locations stop trains an hour to and from London Paddington station. Fares from £16.50 single; journey time 15-20 mins. Transport for London (TfL) Travelcards are not valid This section details the various types Getting here on this service. of transport available in London, providing heathrowexpress.com information on how to get to the city On arrival from the airports, and how to get around Heathrow Connect runs between once in town. There are also listings for London City Airport Heathrow and Paddington via five stations transport companies, whether travelling T: +44 (0)20 7646 0088 in west London. Fares from £7.40 single. by road, rail, river, or even by bike or on londoncityairport.com Trains run every 30 mins; journey time foot. See the Transport & Sightseeing around 25 mins. -
The Height of Its Womanhood': Women and Genderin Welsh Nationalism, 1847-1945
'The height of its womanhood': Women and genderin Welsh nationalism, 1847-1945 Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Kreider, Jodie Alysa Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 09/10/2021 04:59:55 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280621 'THE HEIGHT OF ITS WOMANHOOD': WOMEN AND GENDER IN WELSH NATIONALISM, 1847-1945 by Jodie Alysa Kreider Copyright © Jodie Alysa Kreider 2004 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY In Partia' Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2004 UMI Number: 3145085 Copyright 2004 by Kreider, Jodie Alysa All rights reserved. INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI UMI Microform 3145085 Copyright 2004 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. -
H 955 Great Britain
Great Britain H 955 BACKGROUND: The heading Great Britain is used in both descriptive and subject cataloging as the conventional form for the United Kingdom, which comprises England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. This instruction sheet describes the usage of Great Britain, in contrast to England, as a subject heading. It also describes the usage of Great Britain, England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales as geographic subdivisions. 1. Great Britain vs. England as a subject heading. In general assign the subject heading Great Britain, with topical and/or form subdivisions, as appropriate, to works about the United Kingdom as a whole. Assign England, with appropriate subdivision(s), to works limited to that country. Exception: Do not use the subdivisions BHistory or BPolitics and government under England. For a work on the history, politics, or government of England, assign the heading Great Britain, subdivided as required for the work. References in the subject authority file reflect this practice. Use the subdivision BForeign relations under England only in the restricted sense described in the scope note under EnglandBForeign relations in the subject authority file. 2. Geographic subdivision. a. Great Britain. Assign Great Britain directly after topics for works that discuss the topic in relation to Great Britain as a whole. Example: Title: History of the British theatre. 650 #0 $a Theater $z Great Britain $x History. b. England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales. Assign England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, or Wales directly after topics for works that limit their discussion to the topic in relation to one of the four constituent countries of Great Britain. -
South East Greater London Wales East of England West
2021 REVALUATION: REGIONAL WINNERS & LOSERS Roll over the region titles below to find out These figures have been extracted from CoStar and are based on the anticipated changes in rateable values within each individual Administrative area across England and Wales. The extent of your change in rateable value will depend on the exact location of your property. Even if you are in an area where rateable values are predicted to fall, it is important to have your assessment verified, as there may still be opportunities to secure further reductions. For a detailed analysis of the likely impact of the 2021 revaluation and advice on what to do next, please contact a member of our Business Rates team. Email us at [email protected] or visit us at lsh.co.uk INDUSTRIAL REGION AVERAGE GROWTH MIN GROWTH MIN LOCATION MAX GROWTH MAX LOCATION WALES 27% 17% Blaenau Gwent 50% Neath Port Talbot GREATER LONDON 38% 34% Hackney 44% Harrow SOUTH EAST 27% 14% Dover 44% Milton Keynes EAST OF ENGLAND 31% 18% South Norfolk 44% Brentwood EAST MIDLANDS 27% 16% Derby 36% Hinckley NORTH WEST 25% 15% Barrow-In-Furness 35% Liverpool SOUTH WEST 19% 14% West Devon 27% Swindon WEST MIDLANDS 19% 14% Tamworth 26% Solihull NORTH EAST 18% 14% South Tyneside 26% Darlington YORKSHIRE 16% 11% Doncaster 21% Hull & THE HUMBER ALL UK AVG 25% OFFICE REGION AVERAGE GROWTH MIN GROWTH MIN LOCATION MAX GROWTH MAX LOCATION EAST OF ENGLAND 23% 9% Norwich 44% Watford SOUTH WEST 18% 7% Devon 41% Bristol Core GREATER LONDON 20% 5% Covent Garden 37% Sutton SOUTH EAST 25% 17% Reading Central 33% -
Health Inequalities in England, Scotland, and Wales
Edinburgh Research Explorer Health inequalities in England, Scotland and Wales: Stakeholders' accounts and policy compared Citation for published version: Harrington, B, Smith, K, Hunter, D, Marks, L, Blackman, T, McKee, L, Greene, A, Elliott, E & Williams, G 2009, 'Health inequalities in England, Scotland and Wales: Stakeholders' accounts and policy compared', Public Health, vol. 123, no. 1, pp. e24-e28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2008.10.010 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1016/j.puhe.2008.10.010 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Peer reviewed version Published In: Public Health Publisher Rights Statement: Harrington, B., Smith, K., Hunter, D., Marks, L., Blackman, T., McKee, L., Greene, A., Elliott, E., & Williams, G. (2009). Health inequalities in England, Scotland and Wales: Stakeholders' accounts and policy compared. Public Health, 123(1), e24-e28 doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2008.10.010 General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 04. Oct. 2021 Health Inequalities in England, Scotland, and Wales: stakeholders' accounts and policy compared B. -
The Bank of England and the Bank Act of 1844 Laurent Le Maux
Central banking and finance: the Bank of England and the Bank Act of 1844 Laurent Le Maux To cite this version: Laurent Le Maux. Central banking and finance: the Bank of England and the Bank Act of1844. Revue Economique, Presses de Sciences Po, 2018. hal-02854521 HAL Id: hal-02854521 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02854521 Submitted on 8 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Central banking and finance: the Bank of England and the Bank Act of 1844 Laurent LE MAUX* May 2020 The literature on the Bank of England Charter Act of 1844 commonly adopts the interpretation that it was a crucial step in the construction of central banking in Great Britain and the analytical framework that contrasts rules and discretion. Through examination of the monetary writings of the period and the Bank of England’s interest rate policy, and also through the systematic analysis of the financial aspect of the 1844 Act, the paper shows that such an interpretation remains fragile. Hence the present paper rests on the articulation between monetary history and the history of economic analysis and also on the institutional approach to money and banking so as to assess the consequences of the 1844 Act for the liquidity market and the relations between the central bank and finance. -
What Languages Are Spoken in England and Wales?
OCTOBER 2013 DYNAMICS OF DIVERSITY: EVIDENCE FROM THE 2011 CENSUS ESRC Centre on Dynamics of Ethnicity (CoDE) What languages are spoken in England and Wales? Summary • Languages other than English are part of the cultural – Middle Eastern and West Asian languages such as heritage of a significant and growing proportion of Arabic, Turkish, Persian, and Kurdish; the British population. – South Asian languages such as Urdu, Panjabi, • In 2011, 8% of the population reported a main language and Bengali; other than English (or Welsh in Wales) and it is likely that this is a small fraction of all people in England and Wales – East and South-East Asian languages such as who consider another language a part of their lives. Chinese, Vietnamese, and Thai; • The languages found in England and Wales are diverse: – East African languages such as Somali, Amharic, and Tigrinya; – from languages local to this region such as Welsh and Irish, to other European languages such as – Nigerian and other West African languages such as French, Portuguese, and Polish; Yoruba and Igbo. Figure 1: Twenty largest non-English main languages by number of speakers in England and Wales, 2011 Number of main language speakers 0100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 Polish 546,174 Panjabi 273,231 Urdu 268,680 Bengali 221,403 Gujarati 213,094 Arabic 159,290 French 147,099 Chinese, Other 141,052 Portuguese 133,453 Spanish 120,222 Tamil 100,689 Turkish 99,423 Italian 92,241 Somali 85,918 Lithuanian 85,469 German 77,240 Persian/Farsi 76,391 Tagalog or Filipino 70,342 Romanian 67,586 Russian 67,366 Click here for data in Excel 1 www.ethnicity.ac.uk What languages are spoken in England and Wales? • Non-English languages are spread unevenly across Leicester, Southall Broadway in Ealing, Spinney Hills in various areas of England and Wales. -
Memorandum to the Constitutional and Legislative Affairs Committee of the National Assembly’S Inquiry Into the Establishment of a Separate Welsh Jurisdiction
MEMORANDUM TO THE CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE AFFAIRS COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY’S INQUIRY INTO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A SEPARATE WELSH JURISDICTION Professor Dan Wincott Blackwell Professor of Law and Society at Cardiff Law School Co-Chair of the Wales Governance Centre, Cardiff University Emyr Lewis Partner, Morgan Cole Solicitors Senior Fellow Wales Governance Centre, Cardiff University Summary 1.1 Jurisdiction relates to the question of “Who has legal authority within a particular legal framework to do what in respect of what, whom and where?” 1.2 Within the framework of the UK constitution, there already exist a distinct Welsh legislative and executive jurisdiction, and in certain limited areas, judicial jurisdiction through distinct tribunals and other fora for particular types of cases. 1.3 The concept of jurisdiction within the UK is complex. Even the currently recognised jurisdictions can only be said to be “separate” up to a point. 1.4 There already exists such a thing as a body of law which applies to Wales. The differences between this and the law which applies in England are likely to increase over time. 1.5 It is essential that Courts in Wales decide cases on the basis of distinct Welsh Law and that Lawyers can advise and represent their clients on this basis. 1.6 There is a need to plan now for the increasing divergence that appears to be an inevitable consequence of political reality. 1.7 Whatever happens, lawyers advising clients in Wales and judges hearing cases in Wales must have the necessary knowledge of Welsh law. 1.8 Jurisdiction over only devolved matters, as in a federal state, would not be in accordance with the UK model, and could create intractable problems. -
Worcestershire Has Fluctuated in Size Over the Centuries
HUMAN GENETICS IN WORCESTERSHIRE AND THE SHAKESPEARE COUNTRY I. MORGAN WATKIN County Health Department, Abet ystwyth Received7.x.66 1.INTRODUCTION THEwestern limits of Worcestershire lie about thirty miles to the east of Offa's Dyke—the traditional boundary between England and Wales —yet Evesham in the south-eastern part of the county is described by its abbot in a petition to Thomas Cromwell in as situated within the Principality of Wales. The Star Chamber Proceedings (No. 4) in the reign of Henry VII refer to the bridge of stone at Worcester by which the king's subjects crossed from England into Wales and the demonstrations against the Act of 1430 regulating navigation along the Severn were supported by large numbers of Welshmen living on the right bank of the river in Worcestershire. The object of the investigation is to ascertain whether significant genetic differences exist in the population of Worcestershire and south-western Warwickshire and, in particular, whether the people living west of the Severn are more akin to the Welsh than to the English. The possibility of determining, on genetic grounds, whether the Anglo- Saxon penetration was strongest from the south up the rivers Severn and Avon, or across the watershed from the Trent in the north, or from the east through Oxfordshire and Warwickshire is also explored. 2. THECOUNTY Worcestershirehas fluctuated in size over the centuries and Stratford-on-Avon came for a period under its jurisdiction while Shipston-on-Stour, now a Warwickshire township, remained in one of the detached portions of Worcestershire until the turn of the present century.