Spring 1985, Vol. 39, No. 1

American Birds A bimonthlyjournal devotedto the birds of the Americas Publishedby the NationalAudubon Society / RussellW. Peterson,Publisher

EDITORIAL ADVISORS EDITORS

John W. Aldrich John Farrand, Jr./Editor Robert S. Arbib, Jr. SusanRoney Drennan/AssociateEditor Carl E. Bock Lorna Salzman/Editor, ChristmasBird Count Mary H. Clench Kenn Kaufman/Editor,Regional Reports Thomas R. Howell Anne Wagner/AssistantEditor; Advertising Frances C. James Chandler S. Robbins/Technical Editor Robert J. Newman J.P. Myers/Editor, SpecialProjects Kenneth C. Parkes AIdeen and Willet T. Van Velzen/Editors, BreedingBird Censuses Roger Tory Peterson Calvin L. Cink/Co-Editor, WinterBird-Population Studies Olin Sewall Pettingill, Jr. Roger L. Boyd/Co-Editor, WinterBird-Population Studies Alexander Sprunt, IV Maria de Guard/Circulation Manager Dale A. Zimmerman Nancy Johnson-Monroe/BusinessManager

INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS

AMERICAN BIRDS welcomesthe submissionof articlesand photographs for publication.Our majorareas of interest are the changingdistribution, population, migration, rare occurrence, ecology, and behavior of the birdsof North and SouthAmerica, including Middle Americaand the West Indies.We solicitarticles on problemsin field identification, andcontributions to our SiteGuide series on birdinglocales, and to our Centersof Learningseries that profiles institutions concernedwith ornithology.

AUTHORS•AMERICAN BIRDS publishespapers of a technicalnature, but only whenwritten in an easilyreadable style, withoutcomplicated equations, long tables,or complexgraphs. Lengthy papers should be accompaniedby an abstractof about50 words.All submissionswill be carefullyconsidered, but authorsplanning major submissions should correspondwith theeditors first. Major articlesshould not exceed 3000 wordsand six displayitems, but exceptions may be agreedupon after consultation. All materialsubmitted should be originaland not publishedpreviously. Manuscripts shouldfollow acceptedrules of format and style, be typewritten,double-spaced, on one sideof white paper,with generousmargins. Submissions should include suggestions for subheadsand full captionsfor all figures,tables, and photographs.We requirethe original typescript,display items of publishablequality, and at least two copiesof everythingsubmitted. All manuscriptswill be acknowledgedand evaluatedpromptly, but authorsare advisedthat a backlogexists, and that this may entail a delayin publicationafter acceptance. Manuscripts will berefereed before being accepted.Submissions judged to be unsuitablefor publicationin AMERICAN BIRDS will bereturned. We alsowelcome lettersto the editorof moderatelength. For a Work in Progresssection, we welcomenotices of researchprojects seeking field reportsor othercollaboration andrequests for assistance;we publishadvance notices of importantconventions, meetings, symposia, seminars, and conferences.

ARTISTS AND PHOTOGRAPHERS•AMERICAN BIRDS is now able to publish more pagesof illustrative material, both in color and in black-and-white.We welcomesubmission of photographicessays or seriesof topical interest,high-quality photographs of significance,transparencies of paintingsin color,as well asline or washdrawings that can be used in an illustrativeor decorativemanner. Photographsshould be glossyblack-and-white prints or transparencies,clearly marked with thephotographer's name and address. We wouldlike to hearfrom (with a sampleor two) artistswho mightbe willing to illustratearticles for us. As usual,documentary photographs will be used,space permitting,in our ChangingSeasons and RegionalReports sections.

AMERICAN BIRDS is publishedfive times a year. Editorial and businessoffices are locatedat 950 Third Avenue, New York, N.Y 10022 Subscriptions,all in U.S.$: Oneyear U. S.A. $18, $21, foreign$25, libraries, institutions, $20. Singlecopies: Christmas Bird Count $10 00 Fall Migration(Spring issue), Winter Season(Summer issue), Spring Migration (Fall issue),Summer Season (Winter issue)all $3.00 U S A , elsewhere$3.50. Checksand money orders in U.S. $ onlyshould be made payable to AMERICAN BIRDS. Secondclass postage paid at New York, N Y. and additionalPost Offices. Copyright¸ 1985 by the National AudubonSociety, Inc.

Postmaster:send address changes to AMERICAN BIRDS, 950 Third Avenue,New York,N.Y. 10022. ISSN 004-7686.

The Table of Contents for this issue will be found on the back cover. List of Studies

Years Co.; State or Birds/ Hrs. of Habitat Province Hectares sq. kin. Obs. Species Study Contributors

11. MatureAspen (Treated Centre,PA 2.6 38 4.8 5 3 Yahner Sector) 12. Mature Mixed Oak Centre, PA 3.2 31 4.8 5 3 Yahner (Treated Sector) 13. MatureAspen Centre,PA 3.0 100 4.8 6 3 Yahner (Untreated Sector) 14. SugarMaple--Mixed Washington,PA 9.7 390 24.0 18 2 Ickes Hardwood Forest 15. DeciduousWoodland with Somerset,NJ 6.9 538 8.0 13 2 Sobocinski Second-growth, .RecentlyLogged 16. Mixed UplandHabitat Washington,DC 14.2 508 50.9 38 25 Briggs,* Cash, D'Imperlo, Feather,Fitzpatrick, Holbrook, Hunt, Hunt, Smith, Wong 17. UplandOak---Hickory Fairfax,VA 11.0 91 16.9 15 14 Fern, Per-Lee, Watson* Hardwood Forest 18. LoblollyPine Forest Hoke, NC 2.7 112 3.6 8 2 Grant Plantation 1 19. LoblollyPine Forest Hoke, NC 4.3 325 4.4 14 2 Grant Plantation II 20. LongleafPine-- Hoke, NC 4.6 86 3.4 10 2 Grant Oak--WiregrassI 21. LongleafPine---Turkey Hoke, NC 4.6 86 3.0 7 2 Grant Oak--WiregrassII 22. LongleafPine--Turkey Hoke, NC 5.2 58 4.2 7 2 Grant Oak--WiregrassIII 23. Black Willow--White Wentworth, ONT 13.0 169 16.0 20 1 Clark Ash Forest 24. Mixed Pine and Jefferson, IN 14.2 207 26.0 21 4 Webster Deciduous Forest 25. Mixed DeciduousSecond- Cook, IL 29.1 440 40.0 27 1 Byre growthFloodplain Forest 26. BottomlandOak•um-- Washington,MS 11.4 543 17.0 34 12 Alexander CypressForest, RecentlyDisturbed 27. Oak--HickoryForest I Douglas,KS 8.1 86 1.8 9 6 Cink, Boyd 28. OaksHickory ForestII Douglas,KS 8.1 49 1.5 10 6 Ciak, Boyd 29. OaksHickory ForestIII Douglas,KS 8.1 86 2.9 9 6 Cink, Boyd 30. Oak--HickoryForest IV Douglas,KS 8.1 124 7.0 11 6 Cink, Boyd 31. OaksHickory ForestV Douglas,KS 8.1 148 7.2 10 6 Cink, Boyd 32. Oak--Hickory ForestVI Douglas,KS 8.1 198 7.2 12 6 Cink, Boyd 33. Oak--Hickory ForestVII Douglas,KS 8.1 321 3.3 14 3 Boyd 34. DouglasFir-- El Paso,CO 7.5 492 13.2 21 2 Van Horn Ponderosa Pine Forest 35. PonderosaPine Forest Boulder, CO 8.1 457 19.0 17 20 Hering, Evenson 36. PonderosaPine-- El Paso, CO 12.0 200 10.0 16 1 Obringer Scrub Oak Forest 37. Deciduous-Coniferous Washington,UT 20.2 64 35.3 12 2 Gifford North Slope 38. PonderosaPine--Douglas Spokane,WA 11.2 81 17.3 13 9 Rogers Fir Foothills Forest 39. DeciduousOak Woodland Monterey,CA 5.7 406 7.0 25 6 Carmen, Koenig B. Forest Mixed with Other Habitats 40. FloodplainForest and Allegany,NY 51.8 674 16.5 29 13 Pitzrick Cultivated Bottomland 41. Mixed MesophyticWoods, Putnam,TN 27.0 804 48.7 43 7 Simmers Fields and Brush 42. Campgroundin Old Orchard Washington,UT 10.1 909 15.6 30 4 Gifford 43. Mixed Conifer--Oak El Dorado, CA 10.0 2010 41.0 52 I Fortna Woodland and (1983) with Stream I 10.0 1280 18.0 47 2 Fortna (1984) 44. Mixed Conifer•ak El Dorado, CA 10.0 2200 20.0 46 1 Fortna Woodland and Meadow (1983) with Stream II 10.0 1980 20.0 43 2 Fortna (1984)

118 AmericanBirds, Spring 1985 List of Studies

Years Co.; State or Birds/ Hrs. of Habitat Province Hectares sq. kin. Obs. Spectes Study Contributors C. Mixed Riparian Habitats 45. RiparianWoodland Washington,UT 9.7 72 24.8 13 1 Gif[brd HangingGardens 46. Mountain Riparian El Paso, CO 4.5 289 15.0 18 2 Johnson,Obringer Community 47. CanyonOak Woodland Santa Barbara, CA 8.0 1884 20.4 41 1 Kramer, Bransfield, Pierce, Nordby 48. Mixed Habitat: Riparian Monterey, CA 8.8 685 14.6 29 6 Spon Woodlandand Adjacent Oak Savanna D. Brush, and Desert 49. AbandonedUpland Pasture Allegany, NY 8.0 201 6.3 12 1 Pitzrick 50. BrushyField with Wentworth, ONT 6.3 79 7.2 9 1 Clark Trees and Hills 51. MesquiteWoodland Pima, AZ 9.3 1010 14.3 33 I Tweit, Tweit Borderinga Wash E. Habitats including Open Water 52. Mixed Upland Habitat Fairfield, CT 14.2 78 8.0 15 11 Barkman and Swamp 53. River Bank and River Clinton, PA 4.6 867 4.2 22 9 Schwalbe, Schwalbe 80.0 10 4.2 5 9 Schwalbe, Schwalbe 54. Barrier Beach and Duval. FL 212.5 1161 27.0 63 7 Connor, Loftin* SaltwaterEstuary 55. ChesneyBog Oxford, ONT 15.2 191 15.3 19 1 Sandilands 56. Stabilization Ponds of a Lyon, KS 25.9 846 5.0 20 1 Herbert Beef-ProcessingPlant I 57. Stabilization Ponds of a Lyon, KS 50.6 3908 5.0 25 I Herbert Beef-ProcessingPlant II 58. SewageLagoons-- Washington, UT 24.3 1610 17.0 42 4 Gif[brd RiparianWoodland 59. Man-madeTidal Lagoon Los Angeles, CA 5.3 5750 4.7 24 1 Collins, Lang

SHEARWATER JOURNEYS Offeringthe finestseabirding trips in North America

1985 DAVIDSON SEAMOUNT & Bausch & Lomb Zeiss SANTA LUCIA ESCARPMENT Leitz Swarovski Sept. 13-16 $375 Questar Meade SAN JUAN SEAMOUNT & SANTA LUCIA ESCARPMENT Aug. 2-4 & Aug. 21-23 $225 Imagine! An optics dealer who actually knows binoculars! MONTEREY BAY, MON- In the Southeast U.S.! Carries most major brands! Who TEREY SEAVALLEY, ALBACOREGROUNDS- takes trade-ins and has a full service department, competi- tive prices and guarantees alignment on all glassessold, TEREY, STORM- new or used! Then, gives you a Free Bushnell Binocular PETRELSTUDY with every mainline purchase!! TOURSLIGHT &STORM-TWI- PETREL TOURS. Over 30 in-depth Imagine! No Catalogs- No Confusion. Simply dial and ask pelaõic,natural for a consultant. And! your long distancecall is subtracted historytrips to - • choosefrom. from your purchase!Call today! Two to five lead- ers will accom- pany each trip. $15-60, depending ROBERT MANNS & ASSOCIATES on the trip. 2099 McKINLEY ROAD write for brochure: SHEARWATER ATLANTA, GA 30318 JOURNEYS (404) 352-3679 P.O.Box 1445 Dept. AB Soquel,CA 95073 (408) 688-1990

Volume 39, Number 1 119 List of Studies

Years Co.; State or Birds/ Hrs. of Habitat Province Hectares sq. kin. Obs. Species Stud)' Contributors 60. Suburban Area Farm Riverside,CA 12.6 14,834 6.3 43 I Hayes, Baker 61. Inshore and Offshore AlexanderArchipelago, 252.5 31.3 0.9 8 1 Trapp, King Marine Waters I AK 62. Inshore and Offshore AlexanderArchipelago, 1068.4 29.0 3.5 15 I Trapp, King Marine Waters II AK 63. Inshore and Offshore AlexanderArchipelago, 239.6 447.0 0.8 11 I Trapp, King Marine Waters III AK 64. Nearshore Marine Waters AlexanderArchipelago, 318.6 152.6 1.4 21 1 Trapp, King and Tidal Flats I AK 65. Nearshore Marine Waters AlexanderArchipelago, 310.8 229.7 1.7 19 1 Trapp, King and Tidal Flats II AK 66. Nearshore Marine Waters AlexanderArchipelago, 1108.5 272.2 7.6 28 1 Trapp, King and Tidal Flats IIl AK 67. Nearshore Marine Waters AlexanderArchipelago, 2053.9 260.5 14.2 34 1 Trapp, King and Tidal Flats IV AK (1982) 300.2 23.7 37 2 Trapp, King (1983) 206.0 12.8 32 3 Tmpp, King (1984) 68. Nearshore Marine Waters Ale,xander Archipelago, 2167.9 179.2 7.9 25 ! Tmpp,King and Tidal Flats V AK 69. Nearshore Marine Waters AlexanderArchipelago, 655.3 199.3 4.2 23 ! Trapp, King and Tidal Flats VI AK 70. Nearshore Marine Waters AlexanderArchipelago, 1132.8 169.3 3.7 22 I Trapp, King and Tidal Flats VIl AK 71. Nearshore Marine Waters AlexanderArchipelago, 277.1 375.0 3.1 22 1 Tmpp, King and Tidal Flats VIII AK 72. Nearshore Marine Waters AlexanderArchipelago, 1002.8 224.0 7.5 23 1 Tmpp, King and Tidal Flats IX AK F. Cultivated Croplauds 73. Corn Stubble, Soybean Clinton, PA 40.5 15 2.9 6 2 Schwalbe, Schwalbe Stubble, Weeds, and Short Gross 74. Idle Cornfield I Scott. IN 8.5 47 4.7 4 2 Castrale,Speer 75. Idle Cornfield II Scott IN 4.7 43 4.5 7 2 Castrale Speer 76. Idle Cornfield lIl Scott IN 10.4 l0 4.0 3 2 Castrale Speer 77. Corn Residue l Scott IN 3.6 167 3.3 5 2 Castrale Speer 78. Corn Residue II Scott IN 4.5 756 3.8 14 2 Castrale Speer 79. Corn Residue III Scott IN 22.8 13 4.0 6 2 Casttale Speer 80. Corn Residue IV Scott IN 5.9 84 4.0 2 2 Castrale Speer 81. Corn Residue V Scott IN 18.9 5 4.5 4 2 Casttale Speer 82. Corn Residue VI Scott IN 17.7 6 3.7 4 2 Casttale Speer 83. Disked Cornfield I Scott IN 13.0 38 3.8 5 2 Castvale Speer 84. Disked Cornfield II Scott IN 8.7 161 4.0 6 2 Castrale Speer 85. Disked Cornfield III Scott IN 5.0 0 4.2 0 2 Castrale Speer 86. Chisel-plowedCornfield Scott IN 5.5 0 3.0 0 2 Casttale Speer 87. SoybeanResidue I Scott IN 10.6 38 3.8 3 2 Castrale, Speer

FIELD CHECKLISTS CORNELLUNIVERSITY'S BIRDENTHUSIASTS!LABORATORY OF FOR MOST AREAS • ORNITHOLOGY OF THE WORLD... is offeringfor sale: We also stock foreign and dotnestlc field guides and natural history publications of general interest. ,, JINHOME BIROSTUDYPHOTOGRAPHY COURSE EmphasizingProfessional Evaluation of StudentWork-- Write For Free Catalog We also act as booking agent for a few PHOTOGRAPHER'SOBSERVATION BLINO choice birding areas. Write lot inIormation A Uniqueand ExclusiveDesign; made by Eureka!-

COLORSLIOES OF N. AMERICANBIRDS RUSS'S ExcellentTools fo• Teachingand PersonalEnjoyment-- NATURAL HISTORY BOOKS, INC. NA POST OFFICE BOX 1089 For More Information, Write or Call: LAKE HELEN. FLORIDA 32744-1089 U. S A. PhotographicServices, M55, Laboratoryof Ornithology,Cornell University, Sapsucker Woods, PHONE 904 228-3356 Ithaca, N.Y. 14850; phone (607) 256-4017 ß

120 AmericanBirds, Spring 1985 List of Studies

Years Co.; State or Birds/ Hrs. of Habitat Province Hectares sq. kin. Obs. Species Study Contributors 88. SoybeanResidue II Scott,IN 10.8 37 4.3 2 2 Castrale Speer 89. SoybeanResidue III Scott,IN 14.6 21 3.7 6 2 Castrale Speer 90. SoybeanResidue IV Scott,IN 14.0 0 3.2 0 2 Castrale Speer 91. SoybeanWheat Residud I Scott,IN 19.1 21 3.8 l 2 Castrale Speer 92. Soybean--WheatResidue II Scott,IN 3.0 0 3.2 0 2 Casttale Speer 93. Soybean--WheatResidue III Scott,IN 3.6 0 2.8 0 2 Castrale Speer 94. No-till SoybeanResidue Scott,IN 5.2 19 3.8 1 2 Casttale Speer 95. OvergrownOrchard Colima, Mexico 3.2 4118 27.5 54 I Boyd. Cink, Dwyer and Milpas G. Urban Habitats 96. Urban Park with Pond Waterloo, ONT 14.2 316 14.0 21 3 Sandilands 97. Urban Conservation Area-- Newmarket, ONT 6.5 492 12.0 19 2 Dance Floodplainand Upland Habitat 98. OpenMixed Woodland• SantaBarbara, CA 8.3 1509 12.4 37 I Bransfield, Nordby, Pierce Urban Park 99. Downtown Business E1 Paso, CO 15.4 319 8.0 5 7 Beidleman,Field Zoology District--Residential Area Class 100. Urban Marsh and Deciduous E1 Paso, CO 7.3 1263 7.0 18 1 Beidleman,Field Zoology Creekbottoms Class 101. Urban Creekbottom Park E1 Paso, CO 24.3 202 11.3 20 Beidleman,Field Zoology (1983) Class 24.3 239 8.8 22 2 Beidleman,Field Zoology (1984) Class * = Indicatedcompiler.

Editor's Note

If you take a look at the front cover of this issue,you will seethat it says "Spring 1985." This signalsthe startof a new scheduleof publicationfor AmericanBirds. Beginningwith this firstnumber of Volume39, issueswill betied to thebirding seasons--the Fall Migration(covered in thisissue), the Winter Season,the SpringMigration, and finally, the BreedingSeason. In additionto these seasonalissues, a year's subscriptionwill include the mammothChristmas Bird Count, which will be printedand mailed out as soonas it is ready, some time during the fall of each year.

RINOVlD 'World's best WING TIPS binoculars ANEW JOURNAL With TRINOVID binoculars, every I• , III• ' movement,every deta , everyco or FORTHE CURIOUS IIItl. huebecomes vividly real. Now with FIND OUT WHAT IS HAPPENING IN THE II[1111,,,i:,1•- I "noquestons" damageprotecton 'WORLD OF ORNITHOLOGY !l[i..!ll••:.,' for2defect years,warranty plus USAfull lifetime FEATURING BEHAVIORAL NOTES ß DISCUSSION OF CURRENT RESEARCH • I •,• 7x35B $798 $305,69 ,i;'"" "•I ./////'-- ." 7x42B7x35BA List879888 342.89'331,67Cost MEETING ANNOUNCEMENTS ß DESCRIPTIONS OF BIRD ORGANIZATIONS IIIIIII• 2•/. ' 7x42BA951 342.89' READER PARTICIPATION ENCOURAGED "'• 8x32B 789 346.65' ß,'5 ,, 8x32BA 870 392.51* ßAfter $100 Leitz rebate. SUBSCRIPTIONSœ••. ,•%4 ,//• Box226B '? Forliterature and discount $10,00per year [ •'•/•/'•}•/,%%•/ I Lansing,N.Y. 14882 lists on a complete line of sporting optics, write to: $2.00Outside(U.S.) U.S.A.for postage add 1•I '•/C)•/•'•'•--• [{ ISSN(607)533-76428756-4505

Volume 39, Number I 121 Summer/Fall Market Place

BOOKS B&L, QUESTAR, MEADE, LEITZ, ZEISS, SWAROVSKI, all major brands. BOOKS on Birds and Natural History Tripods,.telephoto lenses, accessories. subjects, new and out-of-print.Catalog We field test optics and consultexten- $1.50. PETERSEN BOOK CO., Box sively. Your call is deducted from your 966, Davenport,IA 52805. purchase. Trades accepted. Competi- tive prices. Full service. The South's BIRD BOOKS. Out-of-print(many vol- largest new and used binocular and umes of Bent's, "Life Histories of North scope dealer. Please ask for a consul- American Birds")and rare. Free search tant. ROBERT MANNS & ASSOCI- service. New, including latest foreign ATES, 2099 McKinleyRd., Atlanta, GA field guides (many with 10% discount). 30318 (404) 352-3679. Catalogues,$2.00. PATRICIA LEDLIE- BOOKSELLER, Box 46A, Buckfield, BINOCULAR SALES AND SERVICE. ME 04220 (207) 336-2969. Repairing binocularsSince 1923. Align- ment performedon our U.S. Navy colli- BIRD BOOKS. Send $2.00 to be on our mator. Free catalogue and our article catalog mailing list. BUTEO BOOKS. "Know Your Binoculars,"published in August PO BOX 481, Vermillion, SD 57069. Audubon Magazine. MIRAKEL OPTI- Explorer'sInn/Peru: Aug. I -- 15 CAL CO., INC., 331 Mansion St., West ß Cuzco/Abra Malaga/Machu BIRD BOOKS always in stock for quick Coxsackie, NY 12192 (518) 731-2610. Picchu Extension: Aug. i4-2o UPS shipment.Send $3 for your fully- ß Manu II: Aug. 3-i7 ß Cuzco/ illustrated, annotated catalog of 300 Abra Malaga/Machu Picchu (and growing)in-print titles, most at dis- TOURS Extension:Aug. i6-22 ß Papua countprices. VISA and MasterCardac- New Guinea: Aug. 7-28 ß cepted. AVICULTURAL BOOK COM- ADIRONDACK BIRDING TOURS -- Namibia/Botswana: Aug. 19- PANY, P.O. Box 446-A, East Elmhurst, Enjoya wild week of birdingin the East's Sept. 7 ß California: Aug. 24- NY 11369. greatest wilderness. By foot or canoe Sept.3 we'll explore bogs, marshes, rivers, September NATURE BOOKS DISCOUNTED! For lakes, boreal forests, and alpine sum- mits. Led by Audubonornithologist/edi- Washington:Sept. 7-2I ß Cen- price list send SASE. DOUG KIBBE, Box 34, Maryland, NY 12116. tor Susan Drennan and distinguished tral : Sept. i9-Oct. 5 ß Adirondack naturalists. Two sessions Itatiaia Extension: Oct. 5-9 LEATHER COVER for National Geo- offered: June 29-July 5 and July 7-13. October graphic birds field guide. Write for de- Twelve adult guests accommodatedin SoutheasternBrazil: Oct. 13- tails.VAN METER, ProfessionalBirding backcountrylodge overlooking peaceful Nov. 6 ß Bolivia: Oct. iS-Nov. Equipment,415 Perkins St., Oakland, mountain lake. All-inclusivefee of $495 9 ß Australia:Oct. 3x-Nov. 30 CA 94610. includes delicious family-style meals, lodging, guide service, evening pro- Hovember NATURAL HISTORY: including hun- grams. Write DICK BEAMISH, Saranac Lake, NY 12983. Or call 212-260-7685. dreds of scarce and out-of-print bird Mexico: Nov. 9-2o ß Colima books, journals and pamphlets.Send Extension:Nov. 20--25 ß $url- $2.00 for Springcatalog and additionto FALL AND WINTER BIRDING in South name: Nov. 23-Dec. IX ß Ar- mailinglist. HWK BOOKS, 540 W. 114th Florida. Exotic birds in a sub-tropical gentina: To be announced St., New York, NY 10025. setting!Six-day tours begin from Miami December November 7 and January 9. Expert leader HowardLangridge of SouthFlor- OPTICAL EQUIPMENT ida. For list of target birdsand otherde- 29 ß Special Costa Rica Christ- tails, please call or write Don Peterson, mas Count & Tour: Dec. 27- CARDINAL BIRDING TOURS, P.O. Jan. 8 LEITZ, ZEISS, B&L, BUSHNELL, SWIFT, NIKON, OPTOLYTH, CELES- Box 7495, Alexandria,VA 22307 (703) VENT Weekends TRON optics and accessories. Send 360-4183. S.W. British Columbia: Oct. stamp for discountlist. Specify literature BLUE SKY NATURE ADVENTURES. 24-29 ß N. Minnesota: Oct. desired. Large stock. Orders filled day Maine's Coastal Wildlife,August 25-31, 24-28 ß Niagara River: Nov. receive. Postpaid. BIRDING, Box 5-E, 29-Dec. x ß S. Texas Coast: Amsterdam, NY 12010. windjammingand whales, puffinsand Dec. 6-io ß S. Texas Valley: periwinkles,$525. Whale Watch Week- Dec. xx-I5 ß Winter Arizona: ends, Cape Cod, May 31 and June 15, 3 Dec. 26-29 BINOCULARS AND SCOPES RE- days, $215. CaribbeanWildlife Seaven- PAIRED, all makes. Expertprofessional ture, March 1986, islandsailing explora- VICTOR EMANUEL service. Prompt, guaranteed work. tion, reefs, rainforests,relaxation. Spe- TELE-OPTICS, 5514 Lawrence, Chica- cial-interestgroup travel coordinators. NATURE TOURS, INC. go, IL 60630. Details: Box 126AB, Oak Ridge, NJ P.O. Box33oo8, Austin, Texas 78764 07438 (201) 697-7233. (5x2) 477-5o9 z

122 AmericanBirds, Spring 1985 ANTIQUES AUSTRALIA.Start your holidayat Cas- VIDEO sowary House, near Cairns. Good ac- commodation and guiding. Limit six ARMCHAIRBIRDERS bring birds into ANTIQUE AUDUBONPRINTS, globes, guests. Direct Qantas flights. JOHN your living room. Sit back, relax and medical, dental, brass microscopes, SQUIRE, Box 252, Kuranda 4872, Aus- watchbirds on yourown T.V. set. Over nautical. Three illustrated catalogs traha 070-937318. 350 species of common and uncommon $10.00. ALEX PECK, ANTIQUE birdsof NorthAmerica on videotape. A SCIENTIFICA P.O. Box 710-AB, NEPAL, BIRDING EXPE- casualanimated look at birdsas they Charleston,IL 61920 (217) 348-1009 DITIONS. High Himalayas to lowland performdaily routines. Sequences were rain forests. Groups December-Janu- photographedin actual habitatat var- ary Economicalexpert-guided individ- ious locations in North America. Each JEWELRY ual trips anytime. JOURNEYS, Box tape containsover 150 speciesand is 7545-AB, Ann Arbor, MI 48107 (313) over 50 minuteslong. SpecifyVHS or WILDLIFE ART IN SOLID 14K GOLD 665-4407. BETA.$39.95 each, U.S. currency. Add Photorealistic, handcrafted jewelry $3.00 for deliverycharges. Payable to Strikingdepth and detail,heirloom qual- SUMMER BIRDING, SPECTACULAR AVlAN SPECTRUM, P.O. Box 9, Mt. ity. Send $1.00 for catalog to AC scenery, desert to timberline. LEARN- Vernon,WA 98273. Washingtonresi- WILDLIFE GOLDSMITHS, P.O. Box ING ADVENTURES, 1556AB Georgia, dentsadd $3.00 salestax per tape. 3004 #4, Corvallis, OR 97339. Boulder City, NV 89005 (702) 293- 5758. SOFTWARE STAMPS

ART XMAS BIRD COUNT COMPUTER BIRDS, FLOWERS,ANIMALS on post- PROGRAM. Various PC versions. Data age stamps from many countries. 60 diff. $1.00. All three $2.65. GEORGE ORIGINALAUDUBON elephant portfo- files, graphs, statistics. Published in A.B. Vol. 38, No. 4. Write DATABIRD, FORD, P.O. Box 5203-A, Gulfport,FL ho print. Peregrine Falcon. Excellent 33737. condition, framed in oak. Best offer over 252 Baldwin Rd., Carlisle, MA 01741. $2300. TOM DAVIS, 1915 SeagirtAve., Apt 10A, Far Rockaway, NY 11691 SPECIAL NOTICES (212) 421-6657. BIRD FEEDERS AVlCULTURAL BOOK COMPANY, as BEAUTIFUL DRAWINGS of North BACKYARD BIRDWATCHING SUP- of January 1985, has assumed com- American birds on note cards. All differ- PLIES. Feeders, houses, books, spe- plete responsibilityfor the 1984/1985 ent Free duck print with order. cialty feeds and accessories. Please Catalogformerly shared with Avicultural $3 00/package plus .75 p&h. SUSAN write for free catalogue to THE BARN Book Club. All references to the latter PUGSLEY, 1224-A Timber Hills, Mt. OWL, Dept. AB, 2509 Lakeshore Dr., and to "membership"in the catalog Shasta, CA 96067. Fennville, MI 49408. should be deleted.

Important reprints available from American Birds

The field identificationof North American pipits, by Ben King Boundwith: Further comments on the field •dentificationof NorthAmerican pipits, by KennethC. Parkes•15 pp, two in full color.$2.00.

Atlasingthe distributionof the breedingbirds of North America,by SarahB. Laughlin,Douglas F. Kibbe andPaul F. J. Eagles.The basicguide Io organizing,running, and publishing a stateor provincialBreeding B•rd Atlas. 15 pp. Illusfraled.$25Q

The breedingbirds of Funk Island,Newfoundland: an historicalperspective, by I. R Kirkhamand W. A. Montevecchi.9 pp., 4 in color,including an originalportrait of Great Auk by RogerT. Peterson.$2.00.

The promiscuousPectoral Sandpiper, by J.P. Myers.VVith a bound-insound recording of the matingcalls pf the male sandpiper, recorded at Barrow, Alaska; 8 color illustrations. $3.00.

Pelagic birds in the Gulf of Maine, by DavisW. Finch,William C. Russelland EdwardV. Thompson.With extensivenotes and numerousphotographs of flyingbirds: a rangeand identificationmanual on 28 species of birdsfound m the NorthAtlantic. 30 pp., with covers$3.00.

Many other reprintsavailable. See Am. Birds 35:766 (1981) for a more complete list.

Price includespostage. Check or moneyorder in USS or Can. equivalentto

American Birds 950 Third Avenue New York, N.Y. 10022 SPRING 1985, VOLUME 39, NUMBER 1

CONTENTS

3 An appreciationof oystercatchers/ Olin Sewall Pettingill, Jr.

9 Crescent-chestedWarbler in Arizona / Daniel R. Heathcoteand Kenn Kaufman

11 A sightrecord of the Crescent-chestedWarbler from lowlandSonora / ScottB. Terrill

12 CaribbeanNational Forest, Puerto Rico / JamesW. Wiley and Gerald P. Bauer

19 The Universityof Kansas/ Marion AnneJenkinson, Robert M. Mengeland RichardE. Johnson

22 The ChangingSeasons / Paul A. DeBenedictis

The Autumn Migration: August l-November30, 1984

25 NortheasternMaritime Region/ Richard A. Forster 29 QuebecRegion / Richard Yankand YvesAubry 31 Hudson-DelawareRegion / RobertO. Paxton, William J. Boyle,Jr., and David A. Cutler 36 Middle Atlantic CoastRegion / Henry T. Armistead 39 SouthernAtlantic CoastRegion / Harry E. LeGrand, Jr. 43 Florida Region/ Lyn S. and BrooksH. Atherton 46 Ontario Region/ Ron D. Weir 50 Niagara-ChamplainRegion / DouglasP. Kibbeand CherylM. Boise 52 AppalachianRegion / GeorgeA. Hall 55 WesternGreat Lakes Region/ Daryl D. Tessen 59 MiddlewesternPrairie Region/ Bruce G. Peterjohn 63 CentralSouthern Region / Robert D. Purrington 67 Prairie ProvincesRegion / WayneC. Harris 69 NorthernGreat PlainsRegion / David O. Lambeth 72 SouthernGreat PlainsRegion / Frances C. Williams 75 SouthTexas Region / Greg W. Lasleyand ChuckSexton 77 NorthwesternCanada Region / HelmutGriinberg 78 NorthernRocky Mountain-Intermountain Region / ThomasH. Rogers 82 MountainWest Region/ Hugh E. Kingery 86 SouthwestRegion / David Stejskal,Janet Witzemanand JohnP. Hubbard 90 Alaska Region/ D. D. Gibson 92 NorthernPacific CoastRegion / EugeneS. Hunn and Philip W. Mattocks,Jr. 96 Middle Pacific CoastRegion / John Sterling and Kurt F. Campbell 101 SouthernPacific CoastRegion / Guy McCaskie 105 HawaiianIslands Region / RobertL. Pyle 107 West Indies Region/ Robert L. Norton

109 Forty-eighthBreeding Bird Census/ Editedby Willet T. andAldeen C. VanVelzen

116 Thirty-seventhWinter Bird-PopulationStudy / Edited by Calvin L. Cink and Roger L. Boyd

121 Editor's Note / John Farrand, Jr.

COVER PHOTOGRAPH: A male Dickcissel(Spiza americana) singing on territorynear Lake Andes,South Dakota, in Spring,1979. PhotographerGary Zahmused a CanonF-l, with a Canon500 mm lens.