TRACE32 News Spring ’96
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Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)
Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) Using the GNU Compiler Collection by Richard M. Stallman and the GCC Developer Community Last updated 23 May 2004 for GCC 3.4.6 For GCC Version 3.4.6 Published by: GNU Press Website: www.gnupress.org a division of the General: [email protected] Free Software Foundation Orders: [email protected] 59 Temple Place Suite 330 Tel 617-542-5942 Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA Fax 617-542-2652 Last printed October 2003 for GCC 3.3.1. Printed copies are available for $45 each. Copyright c 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being \GNU General Public License" and \Funding Free Software", the Front-Cover texts being (a) (see below), and with the Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see below). A copy of the license is included in the section entitled \GNU Free Documentation License". (a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is: A GNU Manual (b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development. i Short Contents Introduction ...................................... 1 1 Programming Languages Supported by GCC ............ 3 2 Language Standards Supported by GCC ............... 5 3 GCC Command Options ......................... -
Example of Using User Boot Mode of Renesas 0.18Μm Flash Devices
To our customers, Old Company Name in Catalogs and Other Documents On April 1st, 2010, NEC Electronics Corporation merged with Renesas Technology Corporation, and Renesas Electronics Corporation took over all the business of both companies. Therefore, although the old company name remains in this document, it is a valid Renesas Electronics document. We appreciate your understanding. Renesas Electronics website: http://www.renesas.com April 1st, 2010 Renesas Electronics Corporation Issued by: Renesas Electronics Corporation (http://www.renesas.com) Send any inquiries to http://www.renesas.com/inquiry. Notice 1. All information included in this document is current as of the date this document is issued. Such information, however, is subject to change without any prior notice. Before purchasing or using any Renesas Electronics products listed herein, please confirm the latest product information with a Renesas Electronics sales office. Also, please pay regular and careful attention to additional and different information to be disclosed by Renesas Electronics such as that disclosed through our website. 2. Renesas Electronics does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights of third parties by or arising from the use of Renesas Electronics products or technical information described in this document. No license, express, implied or otherwise, is granted hereby under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of Renesas Electronics or others. 3. You should not alter, modify, copy, or otherwise misappropriate any Renesas Electronics product, whether in whole or in part. 4. Descriptions of circuits, software and other related information in this document are provided only to illustrate the operation of semiconductor products and application examples. -
Emerging Technologies Multi/Parallel Processing
Emerging Technologies Multi/Parallel Processing Mary C. Kulas New Computing Structures Strategic Relations Group December 1987 For Internal Use Only Copyright @ 1987 by Digital Equipment Corporation. Printed in U.S.A. The information contained herein is confidential and proprietary. It is the property of Digital Equipment Corporation and shall not be reproduced or' copied in whole or in part without written permission. This is an unpublished work protected under the Federal copyright laws. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, MA 01754. DECpage LN03 This report was produced by Educational Services with DECpage and the LN03 laser printer. Contents Acknowledgments. 1 Abstract. .. 3 Executive Summary. .. 5 I. Analysis . .. 7 A. The Players . .. 9 1. Number and Status . .. 9 2. Funding. .. 10 3. Strategic Alliances. .. 11 4. Sales. .. 13 a. Revenue/Units Installed . .. 13 h. European Sales. .. 14 B. The Product. .. 15 1. CPUs. .. 15 2. Chip . .. 15 3. Bus. .. 15 4. Vector Processing . .. 16 5. Operating System . .. 16 6. Languages. .. 17 7. Third-Party Applications . .. 18 8. Pricing. .. 18 C. ~BM and Other Major Computer Companies. .. 19 D. Why Success? Why Failure? . .. 21 E. Future Directions. .. 25 II. Company/Product Profiles. .. 27 A. Multi/Parallel Processors . .. 29 1. Alliant . .. 31 2. Astronautics. .. 35 3. Concurrent . .. 37 4. Cydrome. .. 41 5. Eastman Kodak. .. 45 6. Elxsi . .. 47 Contents iii 7. Encore ............... 51 8. Flexible . ... 55 9. Floating Point Systems - M64line ................... 59 10. International Parallel ........................... 61 11. Loral .................................... 63 12. Masscomp ................................. 65 13. Meiko .................................... 67 14. Multiflow. ~ ................................ 69 15. Sequent................................... 71 B. Massively Parallel . 75 1. Ametek.................................... 77 2. Bolt Beranek & Newman Advanced Computers ........... -
Renesas Mcus H8S Family H8S/Tiny Series
To our customers, Old Company Name in Catalogs and Other Documents On April 1st, 2010, NEC Electronics Corporation merged with Renesas Technology Corporation, and Renesas Electronics Corporation took over all the business of both companies. Therefore, although the old company name remains in this document, it is a valid Renesas Electronics document. We appreciate your understanding. Renesas Electronics website: http://www.renesas.com April 1st, 2010 Renesas Electronics Corporation Issued by: Renesas Electronics Corporation (http://www.renesas.com) Send any inquiries to http://www.renesas.com/inquiry. Notice 1. All information included in this document is current as of the date this document is issued. Such information, however, is subject to change without any prior notice. Before purchasing or using any Renesas Electronics products listed herein, please confirm the latest product information with a Renesas Electronics sales office. Also, please pay regular and careful attention to additional and different information to be disclosed by Renesas Electronics such as that disclosed through our website. 2. Renesas Electronics does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights of third parties by or arising from the use of Renesas Electronics products or technical information described in this document. No license, express, implied or otherwise, is granted hereby under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of Renesas Electronics or others. 3. You should not alter, modify, copy, or otherwise misappropriate any Renesas Electronics product, whether in whole or in part. 4. Descriptions of circuits, software and other related information in this document are provided only to illustrate the operation of semiconductor products and application examples. -
Coverstory by Robert Cravotta, Technical Editor
coverstory By Robert Cravotta, Technical Editor u WELCOME to the 31st annual EDN Microprocessor/Microcontroller Di- rectory. The number of companies and devices the directory lists continues to grow and change. The size of this year’s table of devices has grown more than NEW PROCESSOR OFFERINGS 25% from last year’s. Also, despite the fact that a number of companies have disappeared from the list, the number of companies participating in this year’s CONTINUE TO INCLUDE directory has still grown by 10%. So what? Should this growth and change in the companies and devices the directory lists mean anything to you? TARGETED, INTEGRATED One thing to note is that this year’s directory has experienced more compa- ny and product-line changes than the previous few years. One significant type PERIPHERAL SETS THAT SPAN of change is that more companies are publicly offering software-programma- ble processors. To clarify this fact, not every company that sells processor prod- ALL ARCHITECTURE SIZES. ucts decides to participate in the directory. One reason for not participating is that the companies are selling their processors only to specific customers and are not yet publicly offering those products. Some of the new companies par- ticipating in this year’s directory have recently begun making their processors available to the engineering public. Another type of change occurs when a company acquires another company or another company’s product line. Some of the acquired product lines are no longer available in their current form, such as the MediaQ processors that Nvidia acquired or the Triscend products that Arm acquired. -
5Th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (Wcet2005)
IST-004527 ARTIST2 http://www.artist-embedded.org/FP6/ http://www.cordis.lu/ist/home.html 5TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON WORST-CASE EXECUTION TIME ANALYSIS (WCET2005) Satellite Event to ECRTS’05, Palma de Mallorca, Spain Reinhard Wilhelm (Workshop Chair) Message from the Workshop Chair You have in front of you the proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) Analysis. The workshop was held on the 5th of July 2005 as a satellite event to the 17th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2005) in Palma de Mallorca, Spain. It was the fifth event in the series after the successful meetings in Delft (Holland) in 2001, Vienna (Austria) in 2002, Porto (Portugal) in 2003 and Catania (Italy) in 2004. The goal of these workshops is to bring together people from academia, tool vendors and users in industry that are interested in all aspects of timing analysis for real-time systems. The workshops provide a relaxed forum to present and discuss new ideas, new research directions, and to review current trends in this area. It consisted of short presentations that should encourage discussion by the attendees. The topics of the 2005 workshop included paper on the following topics: • Measurement-based timing-analysis methods, • Experience from industrial case studies, • Architectural issues, and • Timing analysis in real-time education. In addition, there was an invited talk by Lothar Thiele, ETH Zuerich, on Composable Real-Time Analysis. There is no paper about this talk contained in the proceedings. The industrial case studies showed that the techniques have matured to industrial applicability. -
An Implementation of Multiprocessor Path Pascal
AN IMPLEMENTATION OF MULTIPROCESSOR PATH PASCAL BY BRIAN JOHN HAFNER B.S., University of Illinois, 1986 THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1991 Urbana, Illinois CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION Path Pascal [Kols84] is a non-preemptive concurrent computer language. It is a super- set of Berkeley Pascal [Joy84] with additional constructs for specifying processes, data−encapsulating objects, and path expressions [Camp76] which synchronize processes with respect to objects. Objects are similar in concept to monitors [Deit84], except that the number of processes allowed in an object is not limited to one, but rather is controlled by the path expressions. This thesis describes an implementation of a multiprocessor Path Pascal compiler. Multiprocessor Path Pascal differs from the previous single processor implementation [Grun85] because it allows Path Pascal processes to truly execute in parallel. The single processor implementation simulates parallelism by context switching among the Path Pascal processes; however, it never executes more than one Path Pascal process at a time. Throughout the thesis, the terms "multiprocessor" and "single processor" refer to the executables produced by the compilers; both compilers use a single processor during compi- lation. There are three primary goals for the multiprocessor implementation. First, it should demonstrate scalable performance as the number of processors is increased. Second, it should preserve the semantics used by the single processor version. Finally, the multiproces- sor implementation should share as much code as possible with the single processor imple- mentation. -
Embedded System: Single-Chip Microcomputer (Microcontrollers, Mcus)
Embedded System: Single-chip Microcomputer (Microcontrollers, MCUs) z Embedded Systems are specialized or dedicated computers used to control appliances, devices and machines z Platforms that use embedded systems include consumer appliances, IT devices and industrial/commercial machines z Consumer: PDAs, game consoles, set top boxes, automotive control systems, home appliances z IT: Printers, copiers, faxes, teller machines, telecom switches and routers, modems, videoconferencing, disk controllers z Industrial/commercial: robotics, data acquisition, manufacturing control, process control, medical imaging and monitoring, aerospace, satellite systems, radar systems Steer-by-wire: a next-generation steering system in which there is no mechanical link between the vehicle's steering wheel and the front-wheel directional actuator. A “steer-by-wire” system has only electrical signal connection between the steering wheel sub-system and the steering power sub-systems. This approach has both advantages and disadvantages compared to conventional steering systems. Steer-by-wire advantages: - Modular steering sub-system design, simplifies the assembly, lower manufacturing cost - Software customizable to fit different machine needs - The injury risk caused by the steering column being thrust toward the driver in an accident will be diminished. - Interference with the driver during stability control and automatic steering can be avoided. The main disadvantage of SBW system: there is no direct mechanical feedback to the operator about the steering conditions, which must be emulated by an active control system. Other automobile applications include: • entertainment system • theft deterrent systems • climate control • dashboard display • traction control • navigation systems Electronic components and software will, to a large extent, shape tomorrow‘s vehicles (90% of vehicle innovations). -
Accessionindex: TCD-SCSS-T.20141120.007 Accession Date: 20-Nov-2014 Accession By: Dr.Brian Coghlan Object Name: NS32000 NSU-3203
AccessionIndex: TCD-SCSS-T.20141120.007 Accession Date: 20-Nov-2014 Accession By: Dr.Brian Coghlan Object name: NS32000 NSU-3203256T-10 Development Boards Vintage: c.1984 Synopsis: Three NS32000 development boards in original packing boxes, including documentation and ancilliaries. Board 1 S/N: H280036025, Board 2 S/N: H280036034, Board 3 S/N: H420016026. Description: The NS16000 series (later renamed NS32000 series) was the first microprocessor to include demand-paged virtual memory. It was based on a very attractive 32-bit architecture and program model with 8 general-purpose registers, some special 24-bit registers like the PC, two stack, a frame and an interrupt base pointer, and a complex (CISC) instruction set, including coprocessor instructions, with 2-operand instructions, memory-to-memory operations, flexible addressing modes, and variable- length byte-aligned instruction encoding. Addressing modes could involve up to two displacements and two memory indirections per operand as well as scaled indexing. Perhaps because of this, there were fewer instructions than many RISC machines. The chipset included a CPU, FPU, MMU, ICU (for interrupts) and TCU (for timing), with a multiplexed address/data bus. The principal chips were simply wired together on this bus. The CPU suffered from persistent bugs that greatly delayed full production, and was bypassed in the market. In the early 1980s a significant amount of research work in the Dept.Computer Science centred on the NS32000 series (see elsewhere in this collection), and these boards supported related testing. Two NS32000 development boards are in one original packing box marked NSU- 3203256T-10, S/N: H280036034 (and so came with development board 2), including documentation and ancilliaries. -
Acorn ABC 210/Cambridge Workstation
ACORN COMPUTERS LTD. ACW 443 SERVICE MANUAL 0420,001 Issue 1 January 1987 ACW SERVICE MANUAL Title: ACW SERVICE MANUAL Reference: 0420,001 Issue: 1 Replaces: 0.56 Applicability: Product Support Distribution: Authorised Service Agents Status: for publication Author: C.Watters, J.Wilkins and Others Date: 7 January 1987 Published by: Acorn Computers Ltd, Fulbourn Road, Cherry Hinton, Cambridge, CB1 4JN, England Within this publication the term 'BBC' is used as an abbreviation for 'British Broadcasting Corporation'. Copyright ACORN Computers Limited 1985 Neither the whole or any part of the information contained in, or the product described in, this manual may be adapted or reproduced in any material form except with the prior written approval of ACORN Computers Limited ( ACORN Computers). The product described in this manual and products for use with it, are subject to continuous development and improvement. All information of a technical nature and particulars of the product and its use (including the information and particulars in this manual) are given by ACORN Computers in good faith. However, it is acknowledged that there may be errors or omissions in this manual. A list of details of any amendments or revisions to this manual can be obtained upon request from ACORN Computers Technical Enquiries. ACORN Computers welcome comments and suggestions relating to the product and this manual. All correspondence should be addressed to:- Technical Enquiries ACORN Computers Limited Newmarket Road Cambridge CB5 8PD All maintenance and service on the product must be carried out by ACORN Computers' authorised service agents. ACORN Computers can accept no liability whatsoever for any loss or damage caused by service or maintenance by unauthorised personnel. -
Retrobrew Computers Forum Development Seems a Big Hurdle
Subject: National Semi NS32000 series -- Any interest? Posted by jcoffman on Fri, 13 Mar 2020 18:45:37 GMT View Forum Message <> Reply to Message For some time now I've been considering playing with an updated version of the 32000 series. SRAM memory chips are now much bigger now, and the ECB bus looks like a good place to update to a 16-bit system. Here is a link to an S-100 system I built many years ago: http://www.cpu-ns32k.net/index.html The old chips (NS32016 &c.) are VERY expensive, if you can find them. The 32CG16 chips are cheaper, and do not require separate TCU. I would be curious to know if there is anyone interested in playing with this old National Semiconductor line. --John Subject: Re: National Semi NS32000 series -- Any interest? Posted by jcoffman on Fri, 13 Mar 2020 18:46:50 GMT View Forum Message <> Reply to Message This is the direct link to my S-100 system: http://www.cpu-ns32k.net/John.html Subject: Re: National Semi NS32000 series -- Any interest? Posted by Jonas on Fri, 13 Mar 2020 20:59:57 GMT View Forum Message <> Reply to Message Hi John I have never done anything with the NS32000-series, but I followed the discussion at this forum about NS32532, NS32CG160 et cetera a few years ago. I actually bought ten NS32CG160 from Utsource and five NS32081 from someone in Poland. Your board (yes, I have read most of the stuff at www.cpu-ns32k.net) is far far beyond my capabilities. -
Jargon File, Version 4.0.0, 24 Jul 1996
JARGON FILE, VERSION 4.0.0, 24 JUL 1996 This is the Jargon File, a comprehensive compendium of hacker slang illuminating many aspects of hackish tradition, folklore, and humor. This document (the Jargon File) is in the public domain, to be freely used, shared, and modified. There are (by intention) no legal restraints on what you can do with it, but there are traditions about its proper use to which many hackers are quite strongly attached. Please extend the courtesy of proper citation when you quote the File, ideally with a version number, as it will change and grow over time. (Examples of appropriate citation form: "Jargon File 4.0.0" or "The on-line hacker Jargon File, version 4.0.0, 24 JUL 1996".) The Jargon File is a common heritage of the hacker culture. Over the years a number of individuals have volunteered considerable time to maintaining the File and been recognized by the net at large as editors of it. Editorial responsibilities include: to collate contributions and suggestions from others; to seek out corroborating information; to cross-reference related entries; to keep the file in a consistent format; and to announce and distribute updated versions periodically. Current volunteer editors include: Eric Raymond [email protected] Although there is no requirement that you do so, it is considered good form to check with an editor before quoting the File in a published work or commercial product. We may have additional information that would be helpful to you and can assist you in framing your quote to reflect not only the letter of the File but its spirit as well.