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Novosti Syst. Vysch. Rast. 50 Новости систематики высших растений 2019 Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium 50: 101–114 ISSN 0568-5443 M. M. Serebryanyi Towards a taxonomic revision of the genus Trollius (Ranunculaceae) in the Asian part of Russia. I. Trollius chinensis: taxonomic and geographical reconsiderations К таксономической ревизии рода Trollius (Ranunculaceae) в азиатской части России. I. Trollius chinensis: критический анализ таксономии и географии M. M. Serebryanyi М. М. Серебряный Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden, Russian Academy of Sciences Главный ботанический сад им. Н. В. Цицина РАН Herbarium Гербарий Botanicheskaya Str., 4, Moscow, 127276, Russia Ботаническая ул., 4, Москва, 127276, Россия misha@fl orin.ru misha@fl orin.ru https://doi.org/10.31111/novitates/2019.50.101 Abstract. The present paper opens a series of publications by the author on taxonomy and geography of the genus Trollius L. in the Asian part of Russia. Trollius chinensis Bunge was chosen as a focus of the paper, since the current status of knowledge of tax- onomy and geography of this species appeared to be inadequate. Results of the research prove a vast distribution range of T. chi- nensis in Russia within which there is a number of contact zones with other species of the genus, resulting in active interspecifi c hybridization. Detailed adjusted morphological description and list of synonyms are elaborated, T. vitalii Stepanov and T. chi- nensis subsp. macropetalus (Regel) Luferov are reduced to synonymy; combination T. macropetalus (Regel) F. Schmidt should be considered invalidly published and withdrawn from usage. Occurrence of T. chinensis in Mongolia (Harhiraa Mountain Area) is recorded for the fi rst time. Keywords: Trollius, T. chinensis, synonymy, distribution range, hybridization. Аннотация. Настоящая работа открывает цикл публикаций автора по систематике и географии рода Trollius L. в азиат- ской части России. В качестве основного объекта этой статьи выбран Trollius chinensis Bunge — вид, современные пред- ставления о котором — от таксономических до географических — оказались не соответствующими действительности. Результаты исследований доказывают обширный ареал T. chinensis на территории России и наличие многочисленных зон контакта (и гибридизации) этого вида с другими купальницами. Уточнены диагноз и синонимика T. chinensis; T. vi- talii Stepanov и T. chinensis subsp. macropetalus (Regel) Luferov отнесены к синонимам T. chinensis; показано, что комбина- ция T. macropetalus (Regel) F. Schmidt недействительно обнародована; впервые доказано нахождение T. chinensis в Мон- голии (горный массив Хархираа). Ключевые слова: Trollius, T. chinensis, синонимика, ареал, гибридизация. Trollius L. is a genus of ca. 30 (Kadota, 1985, — unlimited capability of almost all the species to 2016), 31 (Doroszewska, 1974) to 35 species (Luferov hybridize (also in natural plant communities); et al., 2018) of perennial herbs distributed entirely — treating of T. lilacinus Bunge and sometimes in the temperate/extratropical zones of the North T. chartosepalus Schipcz. (Khokhrjakov, 1977) within a Hemisphere, often (even mainly) in mountain areas — separate genus Hegemone Bunge; within forest-steppe, forest, subalpine, alpine — up — absence of currently accepted monograph of the to tundra/goltsy — altitudinal belts. On fl at terrain genus: the eff ort by Alina Doroszewska (1974) is obso- Trollius species occur in wetlands (including wet forests lete and full of well-known discrepancies. and meadows), often near water streams and on fl ood Thus, I must admit that V. N. Siplivinsky’s eloquent plains. phrase: “The genus Trollius belongs to those genera of Main reasons of uncertainty in the number of spe- our fl ora for which accumulation of material is far ahead cies within the genus Trollius are: of taxonomic development” (Siplivinsky, 1972: 163) — — still incomplete understanding of distribution is still valid. ranges of Trollius species occurring in Asia; History of taxonomic study of the genus Trollius in — still unsatisfactory knowledge of variation range Asian part of Russia dates back about a century. Pri- within groups of critical species; mary accumulation of material was connected with big Поступила в редакцию | Submitted: 03.09.2019 Принята к публикации | Accepted: 02.12.2019 102 M. M. Serebryanyi names of Russian botany: K. J. Maximowicz, V. L. Ko- researched region (comprising a whole Altai Mountain marov, E. L. Regel, A. A. Bunge and others. The fi rst Country, incl. Russian, Kazakh, Chinese and Mongolian monograph of the genus and treatment of Trollius for territories) absence of T. chinensis Bunge on the list of Flora of USSR published by N. V. Schipczinsky (1924, species is doubtful. 1937) became obsolete already up to beginning of Recently A. S. Erst et al. (2019) described a new 1960s; the works by V. V. Reverdatto (1943) and species from South Siberia — T. austrosibiricus Erst et L. I. Malyschev (1965) contributed a few new taxa but Luferov. The authors compared it with T. chinensis and did not contain in-depth taxonomic considerations. At T. macropetalus (here considered as comb. inval.), i. e. the same time the genus Trollius in Japan and Korea with T. chinensis. A “Key to identifi cation species of the was studied by Japanese botanists T. Nakai, K. Miyabe genus Trollius from Russia” comprising 16 species was and others. Their eff orts were summarized by Miyabe given (again, the recent revision of the genus Trollius in (1943). Siplivinsky (1972) published a paper “Genus Japan by Kadota (2016) is ignored). Trollius L. in Asia boreali et orientali” which became a Trollius chinensis was chosen as a focus of the pres- long-term extremely important source for the Asian ent paper, since the current status of knowledge of tax- species of the genus. Two years later another mono- onomy and geography of this species appeared to be in- graph of Trollius was published by Doroszewska (1974). adequate, although its distribution range in the Asian It contained an original intrageneric classifi cation (the part of Russia is vast, morphological variation range is genus was subdivided into 7 new sections) which is still signifi cant and the number of contact zones with other in use by taxonomists. However, this monograph has Trollius species is high. not become a fundamental basis for further research, Materials and methods since it contains a number of serious drawbacks: the au- thor did not study type material of almost all the spe- I have been studying taxonomy and geography of cies (clearly confi rmed that in the monograph), did the genus Trollius since 2013. All the authentic speci- not critically revise species in the Asian part of Russia mens of Trollius in LE (alongwith a several type speci- and did not compose satisfactory identifi cation key to mens from P and K) have been thoroughly studied, as the species. Until Trollius treatment for Flora Sibiriae well as important herbarium collections (LE, MW, (Frie sen, 1993) — which cannot be considered a value- MHA, MWG and others). Field material was collect- add to the taxonomic knowledge of the genus — only a ed in 2019 in Tunkinskii District, Buryatia (S macro- few articles were published, particularly those contain- slope of East Sayan Mountains) and N macroslope of ing descriptions of new species: T. bargusinensis Sipliv. Khamar-Daban Mountain Ridge, Baikal State Nature (Siplivinsky, 1973) and T. aldanensis Volot. (Voloto- Reserve, Kabansk District, Buryatia. Field observations vsky, 1990). N. V. Stepanov (1994) described a new spe- of previous years (1981–1992) in diff erent regions of cies from West Sayan — T. vitalii Stepanov (alongwith Siberia (Altai, Kuznetsk Alatau, East Sayan, Khamar- several infraspecifi c taxa), and another one — T. kolonоk Daban, etc.) were analyzed. All the collected herbarium Stepanov — from Kuznestk Alatau (Stepanov, 2018). specimens are deposited in MHA, living plants are cul- After a number of contributions (Kadota, 1985, tivated in Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of RAS. Mo- 1987) Y. Kadota (2016) published a revision of the ge- lecular genetic studies of species (currently T. chinensis nus Trollius in Japan — a very important research, in and T. asiaticus) and interspecifi c hybrids (plants from which — besides a description of three new species hybrid populations T. chinensis × T. asiaticus) of the ge- (T. soyaensis Kadota, T. teshioensis Kadota and T. re- nus Trollius have been started. bunensis Kadota) and one new section (Yezoinsulicola Habitat data are recorded including: Kadota) — substantiated a broad concept of T. riede- — inventory and mapping of Trollius species popula- rianus Fisch. et C. A. Mey. and commented on usage of tions; petals (nectaries) morphology as diagnostic (not just — geobotanic descriptions of the plant communities morphometric) characters. Unfortunately, in a revision in which species of the genus Trollius occur. of the genus Trollius in Far East of Russia (Luferov et Another important source of valuable information al., 2018; nine species recognized for the region) the is represented by photographs from natural habitats in Kadota’s paper was completely ignored. Another re- diff erent parts of the species distribution range. cent contribution on the genus Trollius in the fl ora of Taxonomic treatment the Altai Mountain Country (Erst et al., 2018) com- prises only three species — T. asiaticus L., T. altaicus Trollius chinensis Bunge, 1833, Enum. Pl. China C. A. Mey. and T. dschungaricus Regel. Despite the au- Bor.: 3; id. 1833, Mém. Prés. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pétersb. thor’s statement
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