DOCSLIB.ORG

Title Ammonia Fungi

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Title Ammonia Fungi Ammonia Fungi : A Chemoecological Grouping of Terrestrial Title Fungi Author(s) SAGARA, Naohiko Contributions from the Biological Laboratory, Kyoto Citation University (1975), 24(4): 205 Issue Date 1975-12-30 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/156000 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University Contr. Biol. Lab. Kyoto Univ. 24 (4), 1975 AmmoniaFungi A Chemoecological Grouping of Terrestrial Fungi' Naohiko SAGARA CONTENTS Introduction.......................................,............................,.................................206 Historical .........................................................................................................207 I Occurrence of fungi after treatment with urea...................................................21O Methods................................................................................,.....................21O Experimental stands .............,...................,............................................21O Fieldexperiments....................................................................................213 Laboratory experiments...........................................................................214 Results and Discussion .........,...........,.........................,..,..............................217 Universality of the phenomena.....................,..........,.................................222 Specificity of the flora: "urea fungi" .............,........................................222 Groupings within the urea fungi ...........................................................,...223 Regional differences in the composition of urea fungi ,,..,............................224 Relationships with the type of vegetation .......................,.............,.............225 II Effects of some other agents on fungus flora .......,.,........,,.,,,.....,...........,............227 Methods...........................................................,..........................................227 Thc agents used ......................,......,.............,.....,.,,..,......,...........,.........227 Fieldexperiments............,,..........,.....,.......,.......,.....................................227 Laboratoryexperiments.......................,.,.,........,.,................,...................233 Resuks and Discussion .................................................................................234 Effects of each Agent group, with special reference to nitrogen and alkalinity......235 The essential factor for the succession of urea fungi ....................,..................242 Some secondary effects of the treatment .....,....................,........................242 III Natural habitats of the urea (proteophilous) fungi.............................................243 Methods.............................,............,...........................................................243 Results and Discussion .................................................................................243 IV Changes in soil properties and other organisms after the disturbances .....................246 Methods.................................,....................................................................2tl6 Examination of soil properties.........,..,.........,...........................................246 Observations on other organisms....................,..........................................246 Results and Discussion.....,..............................................................................246 Changes after urea treatment...................................,..............................246 Changes after treatment with some other agents.......................................250 Changes in the natural habitats............................................,...............252 V Taxonomic notes on each species and examination of their known habitats...............253 Zygomycetes......,........,,............,..................................................................253 Deuteromycetes.............................................................................................254 Ascomycetes ....,.,,......,...........................................................,........,............254 Basidiomycetes............,.,........,......,...........................,..................................260 * This work was partly supported by a Grant in Aid for Fundamental Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, and formed a thesis submitted to Kyoto University for the degree of Doctor of Agriculture. 206 N. SAGARA Some findings .,...,.......................................................,.................,,..... ....264 Taxonomical.......................................................................,.....,..... ....264 Autoecological ................................................................................ ....265 Morphological or phylogenical .......................................,,.................. ....266 General discussion ...,..,................................................,...............,.........,.... ....266 A general view of the phenomena...,,............,................,.,,...........,... ....266 Relationships with known ecological groups.,............................,,...... ....267 New grouping of fungi ......,.......,..,..,.............................,................. ....269 Conclusions ...............................................,...................................,....,...... ....271 Summary ..........................................,..........,..................,...................,..... ....271 Acknowledgments....,...,.................,................................................,,.......,.,.. ....272 Literature cited.,.....,...,,.,..................,..,,..,........,.,.................,,.,,,...,..,...,...... ,.,,273 INTRODUCTION In a series of experiments to observe the response of higher fungi to chemical disturbance of forest soil (ground), urea application brought about a restricted and luxuriant occurrence (formation of reproductive structures on the soil surface)* of a few peculiar fungi, with all others disappearing, and some striking changes in soil properties (SAGARA & HAMADA, 1965). To elucidate the ecological meanings or causes of these phenomena, the following investigations were carried out. I. The urea effect was ascertained with the soils of various vegetations in many parts ofJapan and the fungi which showed the same or similar responses as above were listed. Further, modification of the urea effect by the region or by the type of vegetation was studied. II. Various kinds ofchemicals or agents were applied to soil to clarify the substi- tute for urea, the factors responsible for the urea effect, and the limits or extent of the phenomena in question. III. Natural habitats of the fungi obtained by the treatment with urea and its related materials were searched for in the field. IV. Responses of soil and other organisms to the chemical treatments and in the natural habitats detected by III were examined to determine the characteristics of the place of occurrence of the fungi in question. V. Taxonomic positions of these fungi were studied and their known habitats, which may suggest their ecological or physiological characters, were cited and discussed to delimit the findings. In these studies, the soils of uncultivated lands, especially of forests, were dealt with. Only the reproductive stages are discussed, though it has been observed on many occasions that a considerable vegetative growth do precede reproduction (Pl. 1, C; footnote on p. 269). Through these studies, I will propose an experimental-ecological * The words "occurrence (or to occur)" and "appearance (or to appear)" are used in this sense. The words "reproductive structures" indicate basidiocarps in Basidiomycetes, ascocarps in Ascomycetes, conidiophores and conidia in Deuteromycetes, and sporangiophores and sporangia in Zygomycetes. Further, the words "to yield (to produce, or to obtain) a species (or a fungus)" mean "to bring about the occurrence of a fungus species". Ammonia Fungi - A Chemoecologicat Crouping of Terrestrial Fungi 207 grouping of soil fungi (terrestrial fungi) as a step towards further studies. Succession (sequential appearance) of the fungi, fruit body production, effects of temperature (or season) and ofconcentration ofthe chemicals, etc. will not be discussed in detail in the present paper. An outline of the present contents was preliminarily published in SAGARA (1973). HISTORICAL It has not been well recognized that some fungi appear in response, direct or indirect, to chemical treatment ofsoil, and, despite considerable fertilization research, there has been relatively little literature on the occurrence of fungi. The information available is shown in Table 1. Excluded from Table I are the papers by GiLBERT (1875), RAuTAvAARA (1950), and FiEDLER & HuNGER (1963). GiLBERT observed, after repeated application of fertilizers to meadow-land for twenty years, a luxuriant occurrence of "Marasmius oreadum" in fairy rings exclusively "on the plot with superphosphate of lime, sulphate ofsodaand magnesia but without potass for fourteen years". RAuTAvAARA recognized that lime dust discharged from a nearby factory had some effects on the flora of larger fleshy fungi in a spruce forest. These are somewhat outside the scope of the present studies because their studies are concerned with the effects of long-term or continuous applications of chemicals (see p. 248 for the significance of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chorioactidaceae: a New Family in the Pezizales (Ascomycota) with Four Genera
    mycological research 112 (2008) 513–527 journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mycres Chorioactidaceae: a new family in the Pezizales (Ascomycota) with four genera Donald H. PFISTER*, Caroline SLATER, Karen HANSENy Harvard University Herbaria – Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA article info abstract Article history: Molecular phylogenetic and comparative morphological studies provide evidence for the Received 15 June 2007 recognition of a new family, Chorioactidaceae, in the Pezizales. Four genera are placed in Received in revised form the family: Chorioactis, Desmazierella, Neournula, and Wolfina. Based on parsimony, like- 1 November 2007 lihood, and Bayesian analyses of LSU, SSU, and RPB2 sequence data, Chorioactidaceae repre- Accepted 29 November 2007 sents a sister clade to the Sarcosomataceae, to which some of these taxa were previously Corresponding Editor: referred. Morphologically these genera are similar in pigmentation, excipular construction, H. Thorsten Lumbsch and asci, which mostly have terminal opercula and rounded, sometimes forked, bases without croziers. Ascospores have cyanophilic walls or cyanophilic surface ornamentation Keywords: in the form of ridges or warts. So far as is known the ascospores and the cells of the LSU paraphyses of all species are multinucleate. The six species recognized in these four genera RPB2 all have limited geographical distributions in the northern hemisphere. Sarcoscyphaceae ª 2007 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Sarcosomataceae SSU Introduction indicated a relationship of these taxa to the Sarcosomataceae and discussed the group as the Chorioactis clade. Only six spe- The Pezizales, operculate cup-fungi, have been put on rela- cies are assigned to these genera, most of which are infre- tively stable phylogenetic footing as summarized by Hansen quently collected.
    [Show full text]
  • Peziza and Pezizaceae Inferred from Multiple Nuclear Genes: RPB2, -Tubulin, and LSU Rdna
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 36 (2005) 1–23 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Evolutionary relationships of the cup-fungus genus Peziza and Pezizaceae inferred from multiple nuclear genes: RPB2, -tubulin, and LSU rDNA Karen Hansen ¤, Katherine F. LoBuglio, Donald H. PWster Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Received 5 May 2004; revised 17 December 2004 Available online 22 April 2005 Abstract To provide a robust phylogeny of Pezizaceae, partial sequences from two nuclear protein-coding genes, RPB2 (encoding the sec- ond largest subunit of RNA polymerase II) and -tubulin, were obtained from 69 and 72 specimens, respectively, to analyze with nuclear ribosomal large subunit RNA gene sequences (LSU). The three-gene data set includes 32 species of Peziza, and 27 species from nine additional epigeous and six hypogeous (truZe) pezizaceous genera. Analyses of the combined LSU, RPB2, and -tubulin data set using parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian approaches identify 14 Wne-scale lineages within Pezizaceae. Species of Peziza occur in eight of the lineages, spread among other genera of the family, conWrming the non-monophyly of the genus. Although parsimony analyses of the three-gene data set produced a nearly completely resolved strict consensus tree, with increased conWdence, relationships between the lineages are still resolved with mostly weak bootstrap support. Bayesian analyses of the three- gene data, however, show support for several more inclusive clades, mostly congruent with Bayesian analyses of RPB2. No strongly supported incongruence was found among phylogenies derived from the separate LSU, RPB2, and -tubulin data sets. The RPB2 region appeared to be the most informative single gene region based on resolution and clade support, and accounts for the greatest number of potentially parsimony informative characters within the combined data set, followed by the LSU and the -tubulin region.
    [Show full text]
  • Isolation, Propagation and Rapid Molecular Detection
    University of Alberta Enhanced Revegetation and Reclamation of Oil Sand Disturbed Land Using Mycorrhizae. By Nnenna Esther Onwuchekwa A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science In Land Reclamation and Remediation Department of Renewable Resources © Nnenna Esther Onwuchekwa Spring 2012 Edmonton, Alberta Permission is hereby granted to the University of Alberta Libraries to reproduce single copies of this thesis and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purposes only. Where the thesis is converted to, or otherwise made available in digital form, the University of Alberta will advise potential users of the thesis of these terms. The author reserves all other publication and other rights in association with the copyright in the thesis and, except as herein before provided, neither the thesis nor any substantial portion thereof may be printed or otherwise reproduced in any material form whatsoever without the author's prior written permission. Library and Archives Bibliothèque et Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de l'édition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-90260-8 Our file Notre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-90260-8 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant à la Bibliothèque
    [Show full text]
  • Fungal Community Structural and Functional Responses to Disturbances in a North Temperate Forest
    Fungal Community Structural and Functional Responses to Disturbances in a North Temperate Forest By Buck Tanner Castillo A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ecology and Evolutionary Biology) in The University of Michigan 2020 Doctoral Committee: Professor Timothy Y. James, Co-Chair Professor Knute J. Nadelhoffer, Co-Chair Associate Professor Vincent Denef Professor Donald R. Zak Buck T. Castillo [email protected] ORCID ID: 0000-0002-5426-3821 ©Buck T. Castillo 2020 Dedication To my mother: Melinda Kathryn Fry For always instilling in me a sense of wonder and curiosity. For all the adventures down dirt roads and imaginations of centuries past. For all your love, Thank you. ii Acknowledgements Many people have guided, encouraged and inspired me throughout this process. I am eternally grateful for this network of support. First, I must thank my advisors, Knute and Tim for all of the excellent advice, unfaltering confidence, and high expectations they continually provided and set for me. My committee members, Don Zak and Vincent Denef, have been fantastic sources of insight, inspiration, and encouragement. Thank you all so much for your time, knowledge, and most of all for always making me believe in myself. A special thanks to two incredible researchers that were always great mentors who became even better friends: Luke Nave and Jim Le Moine. Jim Le Moine has taught me so much about being a critical thinker and was always more than generous with his time, insight, and advice. Thank you, Jim, for midnight walks through bugcamp and full bowls of delicious popping corn.
    [Show full text]
  • Volatile Composition of Clitocybe Amoenolens , Tricholoma Caligatum
    Cryptogamie,Mycologie, 2006, 27 (1): 45-55 © 2006 Adac. Tous droits réservés Volatile composition of Clitocybe amoenolens, Tricholoma caligatum and Hebeloma radicosum Françoise FONSa,Sylvie RAPIORb*,Alain FRUCHIERc, Philippe SAVIUCd &Jean-Marie BESSIÈREe aLaboratoire de Botanique et Mycologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Nancy / UMR - CNRS 7137 LIMOS, Université Nancy 1, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP 239, 54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy,France [email protected] bLaboratoire de Botanique,Phytochimie et Mycologie / UMR - CNRS 5175 CEFE, Faculté de Pharmacie, 15 avenue Charles-Flahault, Université Montpellier I, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5,France [email protected] cLaboratoire de Chimie Organique, UMR 5076, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5,France [email protected] dUnité de Toxicologie Clinique et Toxicovigilance, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9,France [email protected] eEcole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5,France [email protected] Abstract – The volatile extracts composition of fresh Clitocybe amoenolens, Tricholoma caligatum and Hebeloma radicosum were analysed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Twenty-one, sixteen and twenty-three components were identified, respectively. Methyl-(E)-cinnamate was found in the three analysed mushrooms at various amounts. Methyl-(E)-cinnamate and methyl-benzoate as well as (E)-nerolidol and methyl- anthranilate were the key odorants of C. amoenolens floral odor. Combined methyl-(E)- cinnamate and indole derivatives should largely contribute to the complex floral odor of T. caligatum with a nauseous note when aged; the latter volatiles could be of chemotaxonomic interest for the genus Tricholoma.
    [Show full text]
  • (With (Otidiaceae). Annellospores, The
    PERSOONIA Published by the Rijksherbarium, Leiden Volume Part 6, 4, pp. 405-414 (1972) Imperfect states and the taxonomy of the Pezizales J.W. Paden Department of Biology, University of Victoria Victoria, B. C., Canada (With Plates 20-22) Certainly only a relatively few species of the Pezizales have been studied in culture. I that this will efforts in this direction. hope paper stimulatemore A few patterns are emerging from those species that have been cultured and have produced conidia but more information is needed. Botryoblasto- and found in cultures of spores ( Oedocephalum Ostracoderma) are frequently Peziza and Iodophanus (Pezizaceae). Aleurospores are known in Peziza but also in other like known in genera. Botrytis- imperfect states are Trichophaea (Otidiaceae). Sympodulosporous imperfect states are known in several families (Sarcoscyphaceae, Sarcosomataceae, Aleuriaceae, Morchellaceae) embracing both suborders. Conoplea is definitely tied in with Urnula and Plectania, Nodulosporium with Geopyxis, and Costantinella with Morchella. Certain types of conidia are not presently known in the Pezizales. Phialo- and few other have spores, porospores, annellospores, blastospores a types not been reported. The absence of phialospores is of special interest since these are common in the Helotiales. The absence of conidia in certain e. Helvellaceae and Theleboleaceae also be of groups, g. may significance, and would aid in delimiting these taxa. At the species level critical com- of taxonomic and parison imperfect states may help clarify problems supplement other data in distinguishing between closely related species. Plectania and of where such Peziza, perhaps Sarcoscypha are examples genera studies valuable. might prove One of the Pezizales in need of in culture large group desparate study are the few of these have been cultured.
    [Show full text]
  • Species of Peziza S. Str. on Water-Soaked Wood with Special Reference to a New Species, P
    DOI 10.12905/0380.sydowia68-2016-0173 Species of Peziza s. str. on water-soaked wood with special reference to a new species, P. nordica, from central Norway Donald H. Pfister1, *, Katherine F. LoBuglio1 & Roy Kristiansen2 1 Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 2 PO Box 32, N-1650 Sellebakk, Norway * e-mail: [email protected] Pfister D.H., LoBuglio K.F. & Kristiansen R. (2016) Species ofPeziza s. str. on water-soaked wood with special reference to a new species, P. nordica, from central Norway. – Sydowia 68: 173–185. Peziza oliviae, P. lohjaoensis, P. montirivicola and a new species from Norway form a well-supported clade within the Peziza s. str. group based on study of the internal transcribed spacer + 5.8S rRNA gene, large subunit rRNA gene and the 6–7 region of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II gene. Like P. oliviae and P. montirivicola, the new species, P. nordica, is distinctly stipi- tate and occurs on wood that has been inundated by fresh water. These species also have paraphyses with yellow vacuolar inclu- sions. They fruit early in the season or at high elevations and are presumed to be saprobic. A discussion of application of the name Peziza is given. Keywords: Ascomycota, molecular phylogeny, Pezizales, taxonomy. The present work was begun to determine the Schwein.) Fr., Cudoniella clavus (Alb. & Schwein.) identity of a collection made by one of us (RK) in Dennis and frequently Scutellinia scutellata (L.) August 2014. This large, orange brown to brown, Lambotte.
    [Show full text]
  • Ascobolus Gomayapriya: a New Coprophilous Fungus from Andaman Islands, India
    Studies in Fungi 3(1): 73–78 (2018) www.studiesinfungi.org ISSN 2465-4973 Article Doi 10.5943/sif/3/1/9 Copyright © Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Ascobolus gomayapriya: A new coprophilous fungus from Andaman Islands, India Niranjan M and Sarma VV* Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry-605014, India. Niranjan M, Sarma VV 2018 – Ascobolus gomayapriya: A new coprophilous fungus from Andaman Islands, India. Studies in Fungi 3(1), 73–78, Doi 10.5943/sif/3/1/9 Abstract Ascobolus is a very large genus among coprophilous fungi colonizing dung. There are very few workers who have explored dung fungi from India. During a recent trip to Andaman Islands, examination of cow dung samples revealed a new coprophilous fungus in the genus Ascobolus and the same has been reported in this paper. The present new species A. gomayapriya colonizes and grows on cow dung. A. gomayapriya is characterized by stalked, light-greenish-yellow apothecial ascomata, long cylindrical, short pedicellate asci with rounded apical caps, positive bluing reaction to Lougal’s reagent, ascospores that are hyaline to pale yellow red, smooth, cylindrical, thick- walled with two layers, sparsely dotted verruculose surface, very thin crevices. Key words – Ascomycetes – Dung fungi – Pezizomycetidae – Pezizales – Taxonomy Introduction Coprophilous fungi are an important part of the wildlife ecosystems as they help in recycling nutrients in animal dung in a saprophytic mode (Richardson 2001). Together with protozoa, myxomycetes, bacteria, nematodes and many insects, fungi are responsible for the breakdown of animal faeces, and for recycling the nutrients they contain. These are specialized fungi, able to withstand, and in many cases are dependent on, passage through an animal’s gut before growing on the dung (Richardson 2003).
    [Show full text]
  • Long-Term Preservation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
    Université catholique de Louvain Faculté d’ingénierie biologique, agronomique et environnementale Earth and Life Institute Pole of Applied Microbiology (ELIM) Laboratory of Mycology Long-term preservation of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Thèse de doctorat présentée en vue de l’obtention du grade de Docteur en Sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique Ismahen Lalaymia Promoteurs: Prof. Stéphane Declerck (UCL, Belgique) Dr. Sylvie Cranenbrouck (UCL, Belgique) 2013 Université catholique de Louvain Faculté d’ingénierie biologique, agronomique et environnementale Earth and Life Institute Pole of Applied Microbiology (ELIM) Laboratory of Mycology Long-term preservation of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Thèse de doctorat présentée en vue de l’obtention du grade de Docteur en Sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique Ismahen Lalaymia Promoteurs : Prof. S. Declerck (UCL, Belgique) Dr. S. Cranenbrouck (UCL, Belgique) Membres du Jury : Prof. Y. Larondelle (UCL, Belgique), Président Prof. A. Legreve (UCL, Belgique) Prof. P. de Vos (UGent, Belgique) Dr. B. Panis (KUL, Belgique) Louvain-La-Neuve, 2013 Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to express my deep gratitude to my promoter, Professor Stéphane Declerck, for the opportunity he gave me to accomplish this PhD. Thank you for guidance, enthusiastic supervision, your confidence in me and the useful critiques of this research work. I am grateful to Dr. Sylvie Cranenbrouck. Thank you Sylvie for your continuous encouragements and for the numerous stimulating discussions. Without your knowledge and help this study would not have been successful. I am thankful to the European Community for financing of the VALORAM project and for providing the financial means and laboratory facilities to complete this project. Thanks are also addressed to the people involved in the VALORAM project.
    [Show full text]
  • Melastiza Cornubiensis Melastiza
    © Demetrio Merino Alcántara [email protected] Condiciones de uso Melastiza cornubiensis (Berk. & Broome) J. Moravec, Mycotaxon 44(1): 68 (1992) Pyronemataceae, Pezizales, Pezizomycetidae, Pezizomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi ≡ Aleuria cornubiensis (Berk. & Broome) J. Moravec, Czech Mycol. 47(4): 243 (1994) ≡ Cheilymenia cornubiensis (Berk. & Broome) Le Gal, Revue Mycol., Paris 18: 82 (1953) = Humaria miniata Fuckel, Jb. nassau. Ver. Naturk. 29-30: 32 (1875) [1877] ≡ Lachnea cornubiensis (Berk. & Broome) W. Phillips, Man. Brit. Discomyc. (London): 229 (1887) = Lachnea miniata (Fuckel) Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 8: 174 (1889) = Melastiza miniata (Fuckel) Boud., Icon. Mycol. (Paris) 2: tab. 386 (1907) ≡ Neottiella cornubiensis (Berk.) Cooke, Mycogr., Vol. 1. Discom. (London): fig. 309 (1878) = Otidea aurantia var. atromarginata (W. Phillips & Plowr.) Massee, Brit. Fung.-Fl. (London) 4: 449 (1895) = Peziza aurantia var. atromarginata W. Phillips & Plowr., Man. Brit. Discomyc. (London): 57 (1887) ≡ Peziza cornubiensis Berk. & Broome, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., Ser. 2 13: 463 (no. 767) (1854) = Peziza miniata (Fuckel) Cooke, Mycogr., Vol. 1. Discom. (London): fig. 127 (1876) Material estudiado: HUELVA, Mazagón, Sendero de Ribetehilos, 29SQB0116, 49 m, sobre hojas de madroños y helechos en dunas, 27-I-2010, leg. Dianora Estrada y Demetrio Merino, JA-CUSSTA: 7678. Primera cita para Andalucía. Descripción macroscópica: Apotecios de 0,5 a 1 cm, sésiles, acopados, de color amarillo anaranjado en esta recolecta, con el borde cubierto de pelos y cre- ciendo en grupos numerosos en terreno dunar. Descripción microscópica: Ascas cilíndricas, hialinas, no amiloides, octospóricas y de 177,3-231,9 x 9,9-13,1 µm; N = 5; Me = 204,2 x 11,6 µm.
    [Show full text]
  • November 2014
    MushRumors The Newsletter of the Northwest Mushroomers Association Volume 25, Issue 4 December 2014 After Arid Start, 2014 Mushroom Season Flourishes It All Came Together By Chuck Nafziger It all came together for the 2014 Wild Mushroom Show; an October with the perfect amount of rain for abundant mushrooms, an enthusiastic volunteer base, a Photo by Vince Biciunas great show publicity team, a warm sunny show day, and an increased public interest in foraging. Nadine Lihach, who took care of the admissions, reports that we blew away last year's record attendance by about 140 people. Add to that all the volunteers who put the show together, and we had well over 900 people involved. That's a huge event for our club. Nadine said, "... this was a record year at the entry gate: 862 attendees (includes children). Our previous high was in 2013: 723 attendees. Success is more measured in the happiness index of those attending, and many people stopped by on their way out to thank us for the wonderful show. Kids—and there were many—were especially delighted, and I'm sure there were some future mycophiles and mycologists in Sunday's crowd. The mushroom display A stunning entry display greets visitors arriving at the show. by the door was effective, as always, at luring people in. You could actually see the kids' eyes getting bigger as they surveyed the weird mushrooms, and twice during the day kids ran back to our table to tell us that they had spotted the mushroom fairy. There were many repeat adult visitors, too, often bearing mushrooms for identification.
    [Show full text]
  • Mushrooms of Southwestern BC Latin Name Comment Habitat Edibility
    Mushrooms of Southwestern BC Latin name Comment Habitat Edibility L S 13 12 11 10 9 8 6 5 4 3 90 Abortiporus biennis Blushing rosette On ground from buried hardwood Unknown O06 O V Agaricus albolutescens Amber-staining Agaricus On ground in woods Choice, disagrees with some D06 N N Agaricus arvensis Horse mushroom In grassy places Choice, disagrees with some D06 N F FV V FV V V N Agaricus augustus The prince Under trees in disturbed soil Choice, disagrees with some D06 N V FV FV FV FV V V V FV N Agaricus bernardii Salt-loving Agaricus In sandy soil often near beaches Choice D06 N Agaricus bisporus Button mushroom, was A. brunnescens Cultivated, and as escapee Edible D06 N F N Agaricus bitorquis Sidewalk mushroom In hard packed, disturbed soil Edible D06 N F N Agaricus brunnescens (old name) now A. bisporus D06 F N Agaricus campestris Meadow mushroom In meadows, pastures Choice D06 N V FV F V F FV N Agaricus comtulus Small slender agaricus In grassy places Not recommended D06 N V FV N Agaricus diminutivus group Diminutive agariicus, many similar species On humus in woods Similar to poisonous species D06 O V V Agaricus dulcidulus Diminutive agaric, in diminitivus group On humus in woods Similar to poisonous species D06 O V V Agaricus hondensis Felt-ringed agaricus In needle duff and among twigs Poisonous to many D06 N V V F N Agaricus integer In grassy places often with moss Edible D06 N V Agaricus meleagris (old name) now A moelleri or A.
    [Show full text]